AE 1201 – AERO ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS

AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING
Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marks
(Use of approved data book is permitted)
Answer ALL questions.
PART A — (10  2 = 20 marks)

1. Differentiate between heat and work transfer.

2. Define clausius inequality.

3. Sketch the Brayton cycle on P – v and T – s diagrams.

4. Describe the mean effective pressure.

5. Sketch the variation of Mach number and pressure for a

supersonic nozzle.

6. Define specific impulse.

7. What are the desirable thermodynamic properties of a

refrigerant?

8. Distinguish between simple vapour compression and vapour

absorption refrigeration systems.

9. Why is clearance provided in a reciprocating compressor?

10.
What are the different types of compressors used in aircraft?

PART B — (5  16 = 80 marks)
11. (a) (i) Air of 0.03 m3 at 2 bar and 300 K is compressed (10)
to a volume of 0.003 m3 according to the law
pv1.3= Constant. What is the final temperature
and work done during compression? Also
sketch the PV graph
(ii) Discuss on the concept of entropy. (6)
Or
(b) State the clausius and Kelvin-Planck statement of the (16)
second law of thermodynamics and show that they are
equivalent.
12. (a) Pressure and temperature of air at the entry to an Otto (16)
cycle are 1.0 bar and 300 K respectively. The
compression ratio is 7.5. If the temperature of air after
expansion is 550 K, Calculate the thermal efficiency,
the maximum pressure, the maximum temperature and
the mean effective pressure of the cycle.
Or
(b) Explain the operating principle of two stroke CI (16)
engine with neat sketches and highlight the basic
differences between the SI and CI engines.
13. (a) Steam at 20bar, 633K is expanded in a steam turbine (16)
to 0.08 bar. It then enters a condenser, where it is
condensed to saturated liquid water. The pump feeds
back the water into the boiler. Assuming ideal
processes, find per kg of steam, the network and cycle
efficiency.
Or

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 (b) Air at 950kPa and 500K expands isentropically in a (16)
convergent-divergent nozzle into a space at 100kPa.
If the inlet velocity is negligible, find the throat and
the exit areas of the nozzle for a ass flow rate of 5
Kg/s.
14. (a) (i) Explain the working of the simple vapour (10)
compression refrigeration system with T–S
and pH diagrams.
(ii) Discuss about the properties of the refrigerant. (6)
Or
(b) A 50 ton refrigeration system using R12 works
(16)
between 258 K and 318 K. Find the COP, Power
required to drive the compressor and mass flow rate of
the refrigerant. Assume simple vapor compression
cycle for calculations.
Temperature hf hg Sf Sg Cp
(K) (kJ/Kg) (kJ/Kg) (kJ/KgK) (kJ/KgK) (kJ/KgK)
258 186.23 345.85 0.949 1.5649 -
318 245.27 370.82 1.1509 1.5443 0.7
15. (a) A double acting air compressor works with an (16)
indicated power of 37kW. Air is drawn in at 1 bar and
300 K and compressed, according to the law PV 1.2 =
Constant to 7 bar. The compressor runs at 200 rpm
with a n average piston speed of 2.5 m/s. Neglect
clearance. Find the dimensions of the cylinder.
Or
(b) A two state air compressor with perfect intercooling (16)

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takes in air at 1 bar and 300K. The law of
compression in both the stages is pv1.3 = Constant.
The compressed air is delivered at 9 bar. Calculate for
unit mass flow rate of air, the minimum work done
and the heat rejected to the intercooler. Compare the
values if the compression is carried out in single stage
compressor with an after-cooler.

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