Tổng Hợp Bài Mẫu IELTS Writing Task 2 Dạng Discussion 9gpwhp

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Tổng hợp bài mẫu IELTS Writing Task 2 dạng
Discussion
Topic 1: News media ...................................................................................2

Topic 2: Business..........................................................................................6
Topic 3: Entertainment ............................................................................10
Topic 4: Zoos...............................................................................................14
Topic 5: Packaging ....................................................................................18
Topic 6: Tourism ........................................................................................22
Topic 7: Animal rights ..............................................................................26
Topic 8: Commuting..................................................................................31
Topic 9: Children’s education..................................................................36
Topic 10: Sport ...........................................................................................40
Copying or posting is an infringement of copyright. Please contact books@zim.vn for additional copies.
1
Topic 1: News media
Some people think that newspapers are the best way to get news.
However, others believe that they can get news better through other
media platforms.
Discuss both views and give your opinion. (Đề thi ngày 19/01/2019)
Bài mẫu
Opinions diverge widely on the importance of
The proliferation of
different news sources. While some people online news sources: sự
consider reading newspapers to be the most bùng nổ của nguồn thông
effective way to receive news, I would argue that tin mạng
it is no longer the best way to get the news due to A digital world: thế giới
the proliferation of online news sources. điện tử
On the one hand, there are good grounds for Senior citizens: người già
arguing that newspapers still are the most A more reliable source of
popular among newsreaders even though we are information: một nguồn
thông tin đáng tin cậy hơn
living in a digital world. Firstly, since newspapers
have existed long before the introduction of the Professional journalists:
internet, most senior citizens have developed a nhà báo chuyên nghiệp
habit of reading a newspaper every day, and they To be thoroughly

do not want to change this habit(1). Secondly, checked, edited and
censored prior to their
newspapers are considered a more reliable
publication: được kiểm
source of information compared to other tra, chỉnh sửa và kiểm
sources nowadays. This is because newspapers duỵêt kỹ lưỡng trước khi
are usually written by professional journalists, xuất bản
and are thoroughly checked, edited and An increasingly
censored prior to their publication. dominant news source:
nguồn đọc tin tức càng
On the other hand, the Internet has become an ngày càng phát triển
increasingly dominant news source these days
due to the benefits it offers(2). The first thing that
attracts people to reading news online is its easy
access. With the widespread presence of the
Portable devices: các
Internet, people with portable devices, such as a loại thiết bị có thể cầm
smartphone, can access a huge storage of tay, mang đi được
news in just a few clicks. Furthermore, online To access a huge
news channels have brought a greater reading storage of news in just
experience to readers, thanks to the constant a few clicks: truy cập
vào lượng lớn thông tin
advancement in technology, which has made it
với chỉ một vài cú clicks
possible to upload videos and audio recordings
online. For instance, soccer fans these days can The constant
advancement in
re-watch their favourite matches whenever they technology: sự phát
want with only a laptop connected to the triển liên tục của công
Internet, which a mere newspaper cannot do (3). nghệ
In conclusion, although I do agree that printed

newspapers are very popular amongst certain
groups of people, I disagree that it is the best way
to receive the news as more and more people are
drawn to using the Internet.
Cấu trúc câu
Câu (1): Firstly, since newspapers have existed long before the
introduction of the internet, most senior citizens have developed a habit
of reading a newspaper every day, and they do not want to change this
habit.
 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:
“to develop a habit of doing something” đồng nghĩa với “to start doing
something regularly”, có nghĩa có thói quen làm gì.
“Firstly” là trạng từ được dùng khi người viết muốn đưa ra luận điểm đầu
tiên.
Câu (2): On the other hand, the Internet has become an increasingly
dominant news source these days due to the benefits it offers.
“due to + Noun/Noun phrase/Gerund” đồng nghĩa với “because of

something”, có nghĩa bởi vì.
Cụm từ nối “On the other hand” được dùng để đưa ra một luận điểm đối
lập với luận điểm trước đó. Cụm từ này thường được sử dụng với cụm từ
“on the one hand”.
Câu (3): For instance, soccer fans these days can re-watch their favourite
matches whenever they want with only a laptop connected to the
Internet, which a mere newspaper cannot do.
“For instance” là một cụm từ dùng khi người viết muốn đưa ra ví dụ cho
luận điểm của họ.
Topic 2: Business
In most successful companies, some people think that communication
between employers and workers is the most important factor. Other
people say that other factors are more important.
Bài mẫu
Some people think that effective communication
To implement those
between managers and subordinate employees decisions: thực thi
is the most important feature of an organization’s những quyết định đó
success. However, there are other contributing
To misinterpret a
factors to an organization’s success that may be decision: hiểu nhầm
more important. I will discuss both sides of this một quyết định nào đó
argument in this essay. Effective
communication and
Managers make decisions about the direction of implementation of
an organization and employees implement decisions: sự giao tiếp
those decisions. Consequently, it is important và thực thi quyết định
that, when a decision is made, this decision can be một cách hiệu quả
communicated effectively to the workers (1). If the

workers misinterpret a decision, the
consequences could range from a minor
discrepancy, to a serious setback for the
organization. Effective communication and
implementation of decisions will result in the
organization running as the managers want it to
be run.
There are many other factors that contribute to a

company’s success, some of which could be
considered more important than effective
communication(2). For example, the competency
of managers themselves contributes significantly
to success. It does not matter if a worker can
effectively employ a policy if the policy, created
by the manager, is useless or detrimental to the
The reliability and
organization’s success(3). Another contributing
availability of good
factor to success is the reliability and workers: sự đáng tin
availability of good workers. An organization cậy và có sẵn của người
could have the best managers in the world, but if lao động chất lượng tốt
there is not a skilled and reliable work force A skilled and reliable
available to them, progress will be slow and work force: nguồn lao
động đáng tin cậy và
success difficult to come by. I believe that both of
lành nghề
these factors are more important than
communication between managers and workers
itself.
Communication between managers and workers

is an important factor in an organization’s
success. However, in order for communication to
be effective, an organization needs competent
managers and a reliable, skilled workforce.
Cấu trúc câu
Câu (1): Consequently, it is important that, when a decision is made, this
decision can be communicated effectively to the workers.
Cấu trúc “make a decision about something” đồng nghĩa với “decide to do
something”, có nghĩa đưa ra quyết định về cái gì đó.
Từ nối “Consequently” tương tự với “as a result” mang nghĩa là do đó, được
cùng để đưa ra kết quả.
Câu (2): There are many other factors that contribute to a company’s
success, some of which could be considered more important than
effective communication.
Mệnh đề “that contribute to a company’s success” là mệnh đề quan hệ,

bổ sung thêm thông tin cho dành từ “factors”.
Cấu trúc “contribute to something”: Đóng góp vào cái gì đó.
Cấu trúc “be considered something”: Được coi/nhìn nhận là cái gì đó.
Câu (3): It does not matter if a worker can effectively employ a policy if
the policy, created by the manager, is useless or detrimental to the
organization’s success.
Mệnh đề “created by the manager” là mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn, bổ sung

thông tin cho danh từ “the policy”.Cấu trúc “be + detrimental to
something” đồng nghĩa với “to be harmful to something”, có nghĩa có hại
cho cái gì đó.
Topic 3: Entertainment
10
Some people think movies should only be for entertainment. Others think
that they should also have educational values.
Bài mẫu
While some people consider films simply a
A source of
source of entertainment, others suggest that entertainment = a
films should be educational. Personally, I believe form of
that films can be either, or both, entertaining and entertainment: một
educational; however, it is up to each individual to loại hình giải trí, thư giãn
choose what films they like to watch. A part of the

entertainment
These days, films and TV are extremely popular industry: một phần của
forms of entertainment. Almost every nền công nghiệp giải trí
household owns one or more televisions, and A multibillion-dollar
almost everybody loves to watch a certain industry: nền công
television program or type of film. After a long nghiệp hàng tỉ đô
day at work or school, many people simply want To generate a lot of

to come home and sit in front of the TV to relax money: tạo ra rất nhiều
tiền
and be entertained. They may not have the
energy or enthusiasm to sit and learn about Morals and values are
shaped by what they
something. Furthermore, films and television
watch: giá trị đạo đức
programs are a part of the entertainment được hình thành bởi
industry. The purpose of this industry is for những gì họ xem
entertainment, and it is a multibillion-dollar
industry that creates jobs and generates a lot
of money in many countries(1).
On the other hand, films and TV programs can

have very strong effects on the minds of
audiences and therefore people should be careful
about how the content of the films that they
watch affect them and their families(2). For
example, many people’s morals and values are
11
shaped by what they watch on TV and in films.
In addition, children can learn about right and To have a strong sense
of patriotism: có một
wrong through the cartoons they watch, while tinh thần yêu nước mãnh
adults can also learn many important lessons liệt
through watching films. For instance, watching a
film about war may cause people to have a
strong sense of patriotism for their country
which could be seen as a positive educational
effect.(3)
In conclusion, while educational films, such as

documentaries, can also be entertaining, and
some films for entertainment can also have
many educational aspects, I believe it is not
necessary that all films need to be educational.
12
Cấu trúc câu
Câu (1): The purpose of this industry is for entertainment, and it is a
multibillion-dollar industry that creates jobs and generates a lot of
money in many countries.
Mệnh đề “that creates jobs and generates a lot of money in many

countries” là mệnh đề quan hệ bổ nghĩa cho cụm danh từ “a multibillion-
dollar industry”.
Cấu trúc “to create/generate something” mang nghĩa tạo ra cái gì đó.
Câu (2): On the other hand, films and TV programs can have very strong
effects on the minds of audiences and therefore people should be careful
about how the contents of the films that they watch affect them and
their families.
Mệnh đề “that they watch” là mệnh đề quan hệ bổ nghĩa cho cụm danh
từ “the contents of the films”.
Cấu trúc “have effects on something” mang nghĩa có ảnh hưởng tới cái gì
đó.
Từ nối “therefore” tương tự với “As a result” mang nghĩa là do đó, được
cùng để đưa ra kết quả.
Từ nối “On the other hand” đứng ở đầu câu, được dùng khi người viết muốn
đưa ra thêm luận điểm trái ngược với luận điểm trước đó.
13
Topic 4: Zoos
14
Some people think that zoos are all cruel and should be shut down.
Others however believe that zoos can be useful in protecting wild
animals. Discuss both opinions and give your own opinion. (Đề thi ngày
10/08/2019)
Bài mẫu
While some people believe that zoos play an
To play an important
important role in protecting wild animals,
role in something:
others feel that keeping animals locked up in such đóng một vài trò quan
places is cruel and unnecessary. Personally, I trọng vào cái gì đó
agree with the idea that animals should not be To preserve
kept in zoos and that zoos should be shut down. endangered animals
by keeping them safe
On the one hand, many people feel that zoos are from poachers: bảo vệ
useful in some regards. Firstly, zoos can help to các loài động vật quý
preserve endangered animals by keeping hiếm từ những kẻ săn
bắt
them safe from poachers and other threats,
such as habitat destruction and the spread of Habitat destruction:
sự phá huỷ môi trường
urbanization(1). Some zoos also run breeding
sống
programs in order to try and increase the
numbers of some endangered species to help The spread of
urbanisation: sự gia
them avoid extinction. Secondly, by keeping tăng đô thị hoá
animals in zoos, people can learn and understand
To raise awareness
more about them and this can help to raise
amongst the public:
awareness amongst the public in order to help nâng cao nhận thức
preserve certain species. của cộng đồng
However, while the abovementioned ideas may

be true to a certain extent, I believe that zoos are
unnecessary for the following reasons. To begin
with, zoos can only hold small numbers of
animals and therefore cannot protect the large
majority of species from being hunted or their
habitats from being destroyed(2). I believe it is the
responsibility of each government to create and
15
fund conservation programs that stop the
To create and fund
destruction of the habitats of endangered species conservation
so that animals can live in their natural state programs: tạo ra và
rather than be locked up in cages for their trợ cấp cho các chương
entire life. Furthermore, in many zoos, animals trình cải tạo
are being mistreated as they are often provided To be locked up in

with insufficient food and medical care, which has cages for their entire
life: bị nhốt trong lồng
so far caused many animals in zoos to die
because of starvation and diseases(3).
In conclusion, though some zoos may have some

positive impacts on the conservation of some
certain animal species, overall, I think they are
cruel places and do more harm than good.
16
Cấu trúc câu
Câu (1). Firstly, zoos can help to preserve endangered animals by
keeping them safe from poachers and other threats, such as habitat
destruction and the spread of urbanisation.
Cấu trúc “By + Ving” dùng để nói một việc nào đó đã xảy ra như nào.
Cấu trúc “To preserve something” mang nghĩa bảo tồn cái gì đó.
Từ nối “Firstly” được dùng khi người viết muốn đưa quan điểm đầu tiên
trong đoạn.
Câu (2). To begin with, zoos can only hold small numbers of animals and
therefore cannot protect the large majority of species from being hunted
or their habitats from being destroyed.
Cấu trúc “to protect something from something” mang nghĩa bảo vệ cái
gì đó từ việc gì có hại.
Từ nối “and therefore” được dùng trong câu khi người viết muốn đưa kết
quả của sự vật, sự việc được đề cập trước đó.
Từ nối “To begin with” được dùng khi người viết muốn đưa quan điểm đầu
tiên trong đoạn.
Câu (3). Furthermore, in many zoos, animals are being mistreated as

they are often provided with insufficient food and medical care, which
has so far caused many animals in zoos to die because of starvation and
diseases.
Mệnh đề “which is…..diseases” là mệnh đề quan hệ bổ sung thông tin cho

cả mệnh đề trước đó.
Từ nối “Furthermore” được dùng khi người viết muốn đưa quan điểm thứ
hai trong đoạn.
17
Topic 5: Packaging
18
Some people feel that manufacturers and supermarkets have the
responsibility to reduce the amount of packaging of goods. Others argue
that customers should avoid buying goods with a lot of packaging.
Bài mẫu
While some people think that it is the
Biodegradable,
responsibility of producers and suppliers to
recyclable, or
reduce product packaging, others feel that the environmentally
responsibility lies with consumers. This essay will friendly materials: các
analyse both sides of the argument. nguyên liệu tự hủy sinh
học, tái chế được hoặc
On one hand, I believe that companies do have a thân thiện với môi
significant responsibility to limit the amount of trường.
packaging that they package their products in. Boycotting certain

One reason for this is that many consumers have products: tẩy chay một
số sản phẩm nhất định
very little awareness about the negative impacts
that the excessive amounts of product packaging
are having on the environment; therefore,
manufacturers and supermarkets need to
minimise the amount of plastic packaging that is
used to store and sell their products, or preferably
use only biodegradable, recyclable, or
environmentally friendly materials(2). In
addition, many people cannot afford to be
selective about which products they buy, which is
a further reason why all companies need to be
more responsible.
On the other hand, individuals also have a

responsibility to protect the environment from
further destruction and pollution by limiting their
consumption of products that are packaged in
non-biodegradable materials. By boycotting
19
certain products from companies who are not
Adhere to: tuân theo
being environmentally responsible, consumers
một cách nghiêm ngặt
can put pressure on these companies to change
their attitude towards the materials that they use Environmental
destruction: sự phá hủy
to package their products(2). As a result, về môi trường
companies will be forced to act more
environmentally responsible by changing and
reducing product packaging. Consumers have the
power to bring about change, but must act
together in order for it to happen.
In conclusion, companies and individuals both

need to take responsibility for the amount of
packaging that is used to package goods. The
government also needs to play a significant role
in this issue by creating and enforcing laws that
companies must adhere to with regards to
plastic packaging, and by educating individuals
about the environmental destruction and
pollution caused by packaging waste.
20
Cấu trúc câu
Câu (1). One reason for this is that many consumers have very little
awareness about the negative impacts that the excessive amounts of
product packaging are having on the environment; therefore,
manufacturers and supermarkets need to minimise the amount of
plastic packaging that is used to store and sell their products, or
preferably use only biodegradable, recyclable, or environmentally
friendly materials.
Việc sử dụng “therefore” để ngăn cách 2 mệnh đề có quan hệ nguyên

nhân – kết quả trong câu.
Câu (2). By boycotting certain products from companies who are not
being
environmentally responsible, consumers can put pressure on these
companies to change their attitude towards the materials that they use
to package their products.
Cấu trúc “To put pressure on someone” mang ý nghĩa gây áp lực lên ai đó
Cấu trúc “to change one’s attitude towards something” mang ý nghĩa
thay đổi thái độ của ai đó về vấn đề gì.
21
Topic 6: Tourism
22
Some people say cultural traditions are destroyed when they are used
as moneymaking attractions aimed at tourists. Others say this is the only
way to save such traditions. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
(Đề thi 14/09/2020)
Bài mẫu
Some people feel that cultural traditions are

Commercialization: sự
ruined when people use them to make money
thương mai hoá
from tourists. Others claim that using these
Give somebody a false
traditions as money-making ventures is the only
impression: cho ai đó
way to save them. In my opinion, both views are một ấn tượng sai
true to a certain extent.
Do permanent
To begin with, many traditional customs are damage: gây ra những
tổn thương vĩnh viễn
modified for commercialization, and eventually
lose their originality and value. For example,
Vietnamese traditional dances such as the lion
dance, which were traditionally performed only
by martial artists during special occasions, are
now often poorly performed by amateurs at
tourist sites across the country. Such changes not
only give foreign visitors a false impression,
but can also make the dance less meaningful to
the local people(1). Also, many traditionally sacred
sites are heavily damaged by the irresponsible
behaviors of tourists. For instance, a well-known
Youtuber named Logan Paul visited Japan and
filmed himself dumping a bag of coins into a
sacred well, where people often drop coins for
luck, and did permanent damage to one of
Japan’s most famous iconic traditions(2).
23
On the other hand, there are several reasons why
Heighten awareness:
making money from cultural traditions is the only
nâng cao nhận thức
way to protect them. Firstly, the revenue could be
used for the preservation of such traditions. For Gathering public
attention and support:
example, many people in Bat Trang village in nhận được sự chú ý và
Vietnam make their living from selling traditional ủng hộ từ dư luận
ceramic products, and thus are able to continue
one of the oldest traditions in Vietnam. Secondly,
by putting cultural traditions on public display,
the government could heighten people’s
awareness of preserving these traditions(3). For
instance, the Vietnamese government has built
several museums around the country that solely
exhibit examples of ethnic minority cultures in an
attempt to protect cultural values without
affecting the lives of these ethnic people, yet
successfully gathering much public attention
and support.
In conclusion, using cultural traditions as money-

making attractions has both positive and
negative impacts on the preservation of such
traditions.
Cấu trúc câu

Câu (1): Such changes not only give foreign visitors a false impression,
but can also make the dance less meaningful to the local people.
Từ “such” dùng để thay thế cho một đối tượng đã nhắc ở câu trước. Ở đây
“such
changes” nói về những sự thay đổi về người biểu diễn và chất lượng của
bài múa Lân truyền thống.
24
Cấu trúc “give sb a false impression” mang nghĩa cho ai đó một ấn tượng
sai.
Cấu trúc “not only… but also” là liên từ tương quan dùng để nối 2 đơn vị
giống nhau về bản chất trong câu (vd: 2 danh từ, 2 động từ, 2 mệnh đề).
Ở đây “not only-but also” được dùng để nối 2 mệnh đề.
Câu (2): For instance, a well-known Youtuber named Logan Paul

recently visited Japan and filmed himself dumping a bag of coins into a
sacred well, where people often drop coins for luck, and did permanent
damage to one of Japan’s most famous iconic traditions.
Từ nối ”for instance” được dùng khi người viết muốn đưa ra ví dụ minh hoạ
cho thông tin trước đó.
Từ “where” là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ nơi chốn. Ở trong câu này dùng để đưa
ra một thông tin thêm về cái giếng linh thiêng ở Nhật để nhấn mạnh sự
vô ý thức của Youtuber Logan Paul.
Cấu trúc “do permanent damage” mang nghĩa gây ra những tổn thương
vĩnh viễn.
Câu (3): Secondly, by putting cultural tradtions on public display,

governments could heighten people’s awareness of preserving these
traditions.
Từ “secondly” là từ nối thường đường dùng để mở ý thứ hai trong bài.
Cấu trúc “by + V-ing” mang nghĩa bằng việc làm nào đó, dùng để kết nối
mệnh đề phụ và mệnh đề chính có chung chủ ngữ “governments”.
25
Topic 7: Animal rights
26
Some people say that it is necessary to use animals for testing medicines
intended for human use. Others, however, think it is cruel and
unnecessary.
Discuss both views and give your own opinion. (Đề thi 12/10/2019)
Bài mẫu
People have different views about whether
Plays an integral role
animal testing for medical research is necessary
in: Đóng một vài trò
or not. From my perspective, animal testing plays quan trọng trong
an integral role in the medicine industry, in spite
Oppose the idea of
of the drawbacks it brings. using animals in
medical investigation:
There are two major reasons why some people Phản đối ý tưởng sử
oppose the idea of using animals for medical dụng động vật trong
experiments. Firstly, it is believed that such nghiên cứu y học
experiments are cruel and inhumane, and Animals which are
therefore should be prohibited (1). Every year, subjected to medical
many animals are subjected to medical investigation: Những
động vật mà được sử
experimentation and have to suffer physical dụng trong nghiên cứu y
pain and even deprivation of food and water. học
Additionally, in order to implement research on
Be susceptible to: Dễ bị
animals, large amounts of money are expended ảnh hưởng bởi
on the establishment of facilities and human
Implement research
resources. This can be a burden on a country’s on animals: Tiến hành
national budget, preventing the government nghiên cứu trên động vật
from investing in other more important aspects
National budget will
like education and housing. be expended on: Ngân
sách quốc gia cần được
Despite the above mentioned disadvantages, giành cho việc
in my opinion, animal testing is necessary.
The above mentioned
Humans are still reliant on animal testing for disadvantages: Những
many purposes, including developing new mặt bất lợi đã được nêu
medications and checking the safety of medical phía trên
products. In fact, the most powerful
27
supercomputers are currently unable to
Biological similarities:
understand the workings of the human body, and
Sự giống nhau về mặt
complex organs such as the brain and heart, sinh học
which is crucial for medical research and
development(2). More importantly, due to
biological similarities, medical research needs
to be implemented on animals, which will bring
about better outcomes in medical research
compared to other methods(3). Over many years,
chimpanzees, the closest relatives of humans,
have been used to investigate advanced
treatments for cancer and heart disease, and
until now, there is still no better alternative.
In conclusion, although animal testing may be

cruel and cost a significant amount of money, it
still needs to be conducted because of the unique
benefits.
28
Cấu trúc câu
Câu (1). First, it is believed that this type of experiment is cruel and
inhumane, and therefore it should be prohibited.
Cấu trúc “to prohibit something” tương tự như “to stop something” mang
nghĩa ngăn chặn, cấm điều gì đó.
Từ nối “and therefore” khi người viết muốn đưa ra kết quả của thông tin
trước đó.
Từ nối “First” khi người viết muốn đưa ra quan điểm đầu tiên trong bài.
Câu (2). In fact, the most powerful supercomputers are currently unable
to stimulate the workings of a human body and complex organs such as
brains and hearts, which is crucial for medical research and
development.
Mệnh đề “which … development” bố sung thêm thông tin cho việc nghiên
cứu cơ thể cũng như bộ phận con người.
Cấu trúc “to be unable to do something” mang nghĩa chưa có khả năng
làm điều gì đó.
Cấu trúc “to stimulate something” mang nghĩa thúc đẩy sự phát triển của
cái gì đó.
Từ nối “In fact” khi người viết muốn đưa ra dẫn chứng là một thực tế nào
đó.
Câu (3). More importantly, due to biological similarities, medical

research needs to be implemented on animals, which will bring about
better outcomes in medical research compared to other methods.
Mệnh đề “which ... to other methods” là mệnh đề quan hệ bố sung thêm

thông tin cho mệnh đề chính trước đó.
29
Cấu trúc “due to something” tương tự “because of something” dùng để
đưa ra nguyên nhân của vấn đề gì đó.
Cấu trúc “compared to something” tương tự “in comparison with

something” dùng để so sánh với một sự vật, hiện tượng khác.
Từ nối “more importantly” dùng khi người viết muốn đưa ra thêm luận cứ
chứng minh cho quan điểm trước đó.
30
Topic 8: Commuting
31
Many people are now spending more and more time travelling to work
or school. Some people believe that this is a negative development while
others think there are some benefits. Discuss both views and give your
opinion. (Đề thi 19/10/2019)
Bài mẫu
These days, many people are spending an
To catch up on some
increasing amount of time commuting to their unfinished work: Hoàn
workplace or school. Although there may be thành nốt những công
some benefits to this development, I believe it is việc chưa xong.
mostly negative. To plan their work
schedule: Lên kế hoạch
There are only a couple of benefits that people cho công việc
could possibly gain from having to spend large
Be stuck in traffic jams
amounts of time travelling to and from work or during rush hours: Mắc
school, which are mostly related to those who kẹt do tắc đường vào giờ
commute via public transport(1). Firstly, travelling cao điểm
on public transport can allow people more time
to get things done that they have been too busy
to complete. For example, some school kids have
to spend up to one hour travelling by bus every
day and this is a great opportunity for them to get
their homework done (2). Likewise, some adults
may use this time to catch up on some
unfinished work on their laptop, or plan their
work schedule for the day. Furthermore, sitting
on a bus or train is also a great time to relax and
read a book.
However, not all people can take advantage of

these benefits. For example, in Vietnam, only a
small percentage of people use public transport
and therefore have no opportunity to read or
catch up on work. Instead, most people are stuck
in traffic jams during rush hours, sitting on a
32
motorbike breathing in toxic fumes from other
Breathing in toxic
vehicles, which in the long term can lead to a fumes: Hít phải những
number of serious health issues. Additionally, khí thải độc hại
spending more and more time commuting leaves To lead to a number of
less time for other more important activities, serious health issues:
like spending time with loved ones, or pursuing Dẫn đến nhiều vấn đề
nghiêm trọng về sức
one’s hobbies. And lastly, from my observations,
khoẻ
when travelling on public transport these days,
the majority of people are not reading or working, To leave less time for
other more important
but keep their eyes glued to their smartphone activities: Dẫn đến ít
browsing social media, which could be thời gian cho các hoạt
considered as an a waste of time(3). động khác quan trọng
hơn.
Overall, I believe this is negative development,
Pursuing one’s
however it really depends upon how people hobbies: Theo đuổi sở
spend their time while travelling. thích của một ai đó.
To keep their eyes

glued to their
smartphone: Dán mắt
vào màn hình điện thoại
33
Cấu trúc câu
Câu (1). There are only a couple of benefits that people could possibly
gain from having to spend large amounts of time travelling to and from
work or school, which are mostly related to those who commute via
public transport.
Mệnh đề “that people ...work or school" là mệnh đề quan hệ rõ nghĩa cho

danh từ benefits trước đó.
Mệnh đề “which…. public transport” là mệnh đề quan hệ làm rõ thông tin

cho cả mệnh đề trước đó.
Cấu trúc “to gain benefits from doing something" mang nghĩa có được lợi
ích từ làm cái gì đó.
Câu (2). For example, some school kids have to spend up to one hour
travelling by bus every day and this is a great opportunity for them to
get their homework done.
Cấu trúc “to get something done” mang nghĩa hoàn thành cái gì đó.
Cấu trúc “spend time doing something" mang nghĩa dành thời gian làm
gì đó.
Từ nối “For example" tương tự như “For instance" dùng để đưa ra ví dụ.
Từ nối “and this” khi người viết muốn đưa ra kết quả của thông tin trước
đó.
Câu (3). And lastly, from my observations, when travelling on public

transport these days, the majority of people are not reading or working,
but keep their eyes glued to their smartphone browsing social media,
which could be considered as an unhealthy waste of time.
34
Mệnh đề “when travelling on public transport” là mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ
thời gian làm rõ thông tin cho mệnh đề chính
Mệnh đề “which…. waste of time” là mệnh đề quan hệ bổ sung thông tin

cho mệnh đề chính trước đó.
Cấu trúc “keep eyes glued to something” mang nghĩa dán mắt vào cái gì
đó.
Cấu trúc “to be consider something as something" mang nghĩa đánh giá
cái gì đó.
Từ nối “and lastly” khi người viết muốn đưa ra quan điểm cuối cùng trong
bài.
35
Topic 9: Children’s education
36
Some people think that children should begin their formal education at a
very early age. Some think they should begin at at least 7 years old.
Discuss both views and give your own opinion. (Đề thi ngày 14/12/2019)
Bài mẫu
People have different views about whether
children should start their formal education as An early
commencement of
early as possible or delay it until they are at least study: việc học sớm
7 years old. Personally, I believe an early
Head start: khởi đầu
commencement of study would be far more
trước
beneficial than a later start. Firstly, starting
school at a young age would generate a number Formal schooling: việc
học chính thức
of positive outcomes.
Undeniably, the younger an individual is, the

easier it is for them to acquire new knowledge
and information. As a result, these children would
have a head start over their peers pursuing
higher education. Besides this, they would have
opportunities to figure out their natural talents.
Most Vietnamese children, for example, are sent
to kindergarten at the age of 3 or 4 to learn some
basic skills such as addition and subtraction. After
a couple of months, those showing potential will
be cared for by teachers with an aim to train
them to become specialized students in the
future(1).
However, several individuals advocate a later

start to formal schooling due to a number of
reasons. It is believed that commencing school at
a later age will offer kids more time to learn many
things via their parents at home. As a result, these
children will become more mature and integrate
37
more easily into the educational environment in
Vital soft skills
the upcoming years. In addition, it might also be including teamwork
more beneficial for children to have a childhood and communication
in which they can cultivate their own skills and skills: kĩ năng mềm
interests through normal activities at home. quan trọng bao gồm kĩ
năng làm việc nhóm và
To conclude, despite being safe with their parents giao tiếp
at home, children would have fewer chances to Well-advised: khôn
engage in extracurricular activities which would ngoan
equip them with vital soft skills including
teamwork and communication skills. Not to
mention, while not at school, many children tend
to lead an unhealthy lifestyle as their free time is
devoted to online games, which gradually isolate
them from society(2). Therefore, I believe that it
would be well-advised that parents send their
children to school at an early age.
38
Cấu trúc câu
Câu (1). After a couple of months, those showing potential will be further
cared for by teachers with an aim to train them to become specialized
students who can represent their school in national and international
competitions in the future.
 Phân tích:
“Those showing potential”: rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ, mệnh đề đầy đủ là
“those students who show their potential”.
“With an aim to”: với mục tiêu để làm việc gì đó (đi sau to là động từ
nguyên mẫu)
Câu (2). Not to mention, while not at school, many children tend to lead
an unhealthy lifestyle as their free time is devoted to online games, which
gradually isolate them from society.
 Phân tích:
“Not to mention”: chưa kể đến
“Many children tend to...online games, which gradually...from society”:

mệnh đề quan hệ which ở đây bổ nghĩa cho cả một mệnh đề trước dấu
phẩy, được hiểu là “điều này dần dần sẽ tách biệt chúng ra khỏi xã hội”,
lưu ý sử dụng dấu phẩy ở đúng vị trí.
39
Topic 10: Sport
40
Some people think that sports play an important role in the development
of society. Others think they are nothing more than a leisure activity.
Bài mẫu
There are different views about how sports may
Physical nature: bản
influence the development of society. Although I
chất vận động
understand why some people regard sports
purely as a recreational activity, I firmly believe Disparaging sport: coi
thường thể thao
that sports are a significant contributor to a
healthy and affluent society. Life expectancy: tuổi
thọ
On the one hand, many think that sports have a
minor role in their lives because they tend to focus
on other aspects of life that they deem more
important. Many adults usually spend a large
proportion of their time working and earning
money; they only engage in activities that are of
physical nature during their free time. They may
think that playing sports consumes too much
time which can be better used for work. Another
reason for many people disparaging sports is
that they may not see the connection between
improving physical health and increasing mental
strength, preventing illness, and enjoying longer
life expectancy. This is perhaps because many
people still find it difficult to access the
knowledge about the benefits that sports can
bring to their lives.
On the other hand, I entirely agree with people

who consider sports to be a prominent factor in
the development of society. Playing sports
regularly is associated with better physical and
mental health and contributes to boosting
41
performance at work. Recent research has
Work producitivity:
suggested the relevant influence of increased hiệu quả công việc
mental health on work productivity and,
Hectic: cực kỳ bận rộn
consequently, better career prospects. That is
why many successful business figures, no matter
how hectic their schedules may be, still adhere to
regular exercise routines. Another thing to point
out here is that the sports industry has been
generating tremendous financial wealth through
sports events. Those events also facilitate tourism
and commercial activities that lead to more
employment opportunities.
In conclusion, many people disregard sports

largely because they do not see the benefits of
playing sports in their lives. However, I side with
those who value sports as one driver of societal
development.
42
Cấu trúc câu
Câu (1): There is of course some mental conditioning needed, but
without strong legs, you cannot compete at a high level.
Đây là một câu ghép được nối với nhau bởi từ 'but', trước 'but' cần có dấu
phẩy. Một số người học thường thiếu dấu phẩy trước từ nối này. Trong
câu ghép, tùy mục đích sử dụng, ngoài từ nối 'but', người viết có thể dùng
các từ nối khác thuộc nhóm FANBOYS như: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.
Trong văn viết học thuật, từ phủ định của 'can' là 'cannot'.
'Do something at a high level', cụ thể: 'compete' hay 'work at a high level':
nghĩa là làm việc gì với một cường độ cao hơn, cần nhiều sức lực về thể
chất hoặc về tinh thần hơn.
Câu (2): For example, maintaining composure whilst being surrounded

by thousands of screaming fans when trying to kick the winning penalty
kick in a football match would be extremely difficult, and this is where
mental strength is highly important.
Câu trên là một câu phức ghép, bao gồm hai mệnh đề độc lập được nối
với nhau qua từ nối ‘and’, cụ thể:
Mệnh đề độc lập thứ nhất: For example, maintaining composure whilst
being surrounded by thousands of screaming fans when trying to
kick the winning penalty kick in a football match would be extremely
difficult.
Mệnh đề độc lập thứ hai: this is where mental strength is highly
important.
Ghi chú: In đậm: Thành phần chủ ngữ
In nghiêng: Động từ chính
Gạch chân: Bổ ngữ của động từ
43
Câu (3): Although physical strength and ability are highly important in
sports performance, mental strength and focus also play an important
role, particularly when it comes to elite athletes and high levels of
performance and competition.
Cụm từ ‘when it comes to’ phải theo sau bởi một danh từ/ cụm danh từ:
mang nghĩa là khi đề cập đến vấn đề gì đó. Công thức tổng quát:
When it comes to + Danh từ/Cụm danh từ, Subject + Verb
Ví dụ:
When it comes to advertising, companies should be innovative.
(Khi đề cập đến vấn đề quảng cáo, công ty cần phải sáng tạo.)
44
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Topic 1: News media ...................................................................................2

Topic 1: News media

habit of reading a newspaper every day, and they To be thoroughly

In conclusion, although I do agree that printed

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

“due to + Noun/Noun phrase/Gerund” đồng nghĩa với “because of

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

communicated effectively to the workers (1). If the

There are many other factors that contribute to a

Communication between managers and workers

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

Mệnh đề “that contribute to a company’s success” là mệnh đề quan hệ,

Cấu trúc “contribute to something”: Đóng góp vào cái gì đó.

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

Mệnh đề “created by the manager” là mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn, bổ sung

choose what films they like to watch. A part of the

day at work or school, many people simply want To generate a lot of

On the other hand, films and TV programs can

In conclusion, while educational films, such as

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

Mệnh đề “that creates jobs and generates a lot of money in many

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

However, while the abovementioned ideas may

are being mistreated as they are often provided To be locked up in

In conclusion, though some zoos may have some

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

Câu (3). Furthermore, in many zoos, animals are being mistreated as

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

Mệnh đề “which is…..diseases” là mệnh đề quan hệ bổ sung thông tin cho

packaging that they package their products in. Boycotting certain

On the other hand, individuals also have a

In conclusion, companies and individuals both

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

Việc sử dụng “therefore” để ngăn cách 2 mệnh đề có quan hệ nguyên

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

Some people feel that cultural traditions are

In conclusion, using cultural traditions as money-

Cấu trúc câu

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

Câu (2): For instance, a well-known Youtuber named Logan Paul

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

Câu (3): Secondly, by putting cultural tradtions on public display,

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

Từ “secondly” là từ nối thường đường dùng để mở ý thứ hai trong bài.

In conclusion, although animal testing may be

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

Câu (3). More importantly, due to biological similarities, medical

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

Mệnh đề “which ... to other methods” là mệnh đề quan hệ bố sung thêm

Cấu trúc “compared to something” tương tự “in comparison with

However, not all people can take advantage of

To keep their eyes

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

Mệnh đề “that people ...work or school" là mệnh đề quan hệ rõ nghĩa cho

Mệnh đề “which…. public transport” là mệnh đề quan hệ làm rõ thông tin

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

Câu (3). And lastly, from my observations, when travelling on public

 Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:

Mệnh đề “which…. waste of time” là mệnh đề quan hệ bổ sung thông tin