Purposes

ENGLISH FOR SPECIAL

PURPOSES
CHAPTERS 1-4

1 INTRODUCTION

THE LEARNER, THE TEACHER,

AND ESP PROGRAMS 2
NEEDS ANALYSIS
3
FINDING THE RIGHT
MATERIALS
4
 N R
I
=
T O
DEFINITION OF ESP
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GENERAL
ENGLISH AND ESP
CHARACTERISTICS OF ESP
TYPES OF ESP
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF
ESP
STAGES OF ESP DEVELOPMENT
FACTORS INFLUENCING TEACHING
AND LEARNING
KEY STRATEGIES OPEN TO ESP
TEACHERS
D C
U T I O N
ENGLISH FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES
GENERAL ENGLISH VS ESP
GENERAL WRITING SKILLS SPECIALIZED TEXTS
A. AUTHENTICITY OF THE COURSE CONTENTS
B. PURPOSE-RELATED ORIENTATION
C. SELF-DIRECTION
1. FOR RESTRICTED LANGUAGE
2. FOR ACADEMIC AND EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES
3. WITH SPECIFIC TOPICS
BY:DAVID CARTER (1983)
1960s- teach the technical vocabulary
1970s- learning English through content of a subject
1980s- needs based philosophy in language teaching
1. REGISTER ANALYSIS
2. RHETORICAL AND DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
3. TARGET SITUATION ANALYSIS
4. ANALYSIS OF STUDY SKILLS AND STRATEGIES
5. ANALYSIS OF LEARNING NEEDS
1. SENSATION AND PERCEPTION 6. NEEDS
2. FATIGUE AND BOREDOM 7. INTERESTS
3. AGE AND MATURATION 8. MOTIVATION
4. EMOTIONAL CONDITION 9. INTELLIGENCE
5. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS 10. APTITUDE & ATTITUDE
1. VISUAL
2. AUDITORY
3. TACTILE
4. KINESTHETIC
CHAPTER 2 THE LEARNER

X`
THE TEACHER

ESP PROGRAMS

PROBLEMS IN APPROACHING ESP COURSES

01
-LEARNERS’ PRESENT SITUATION
-TARGET SITUATION NEEDS
-LEARNING THEORIES /METHODOLOGIES
-LEARNING SETTING/TIMING/CONSTRANTS

DEMAND ON THE TEACHER

02
-FLEXIBILITY - VARIETY
-CREATIVITY -COOPERATION
- WILLINGNESS TO ADDITIONAL TRAINING
-SHARING EXPERIENCE

CHANGES IN THE TEACHER-LEARNER RELATIONSHIP

03
FOR STUDENTS FOR TEACHERS
-PREREQUISITS FULFILLMENT
-RESPECT HIS/HER TEACHER
BASIC QUESTIONS
-TRUST THE TEACHER -EXPRESS SETS TO BE
LOVE/AFFECTION
INCLUDED IN GOOD NEEDS
-REFLECT
-COMMIT TO INSTRUCTIONS TOANALYSIS
STUDENTS’ PROGRESS
DEFINITION OF NEEDS ANALYSIS

• ESP in brief is the use of a particular *What kinds of information should

variety of English in a specific context be gathered?
of use and justified by learners’
 taken

NEEDS ANALYSIS
(CHAPTER 3)

CHAPTER 4
MODELS OF NEEDS ANALYSIS IN ESP

FINDING THE RIGHT MATERIALS

*The PSA/Present Situation Analysis HOW WELL DOES A ESP TEACHER
SHOULD THE SUBJECTv
*Pedagogic Needs Analysis
MATERIALS TO BE USED IN FACTORS TO BE
*The LSA/ Learning Situation
Analysis
ESP CONSIDERED IN
•Teacher-Generated Materials
•Learner-Generated Materials CHOOSING ESP
•Authentic Materials