Basic Competences

3.6 Explaining and determining congruence and similarity

between planes
4.6 Solving the problems related to congruence and similarity
between planes

Indicators

1. Explaining the definition of two congruence planes

2. Determining the terms of two congruence planes
3. Determining the terms of two congruence triangles
4. Solving the problems related to congruence between planes

Learning Objectives

1. Through observation and discussion, students can explain

the definition of two congruence planes
2. Through discussion and question and answer, students can
determine the terms of two congruence planes
3. Through discussion and question and answer, students can
determine the terms of two congruence triangles
4. Through the problems given, students can solve the
problems related to congruence between planes

Instructions

1. Pray before doing.

2. Read the questions in order and carefully.
3. Answer the questions in the box provided.
4. Discuss the questions in the worksheet with the group.
5. Ask the teacher if you are having difficulties

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 1

 Kegiatan 1

Congruence Two Planes

Look the pictures below !

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 2

1. Based on the planes above, determine:

a. How about the measure of corresponding sides?

b. How about the measure of corresponding angles?

Measure of Measure of
Corresponding Corresponding corresponding
Planes corresponding
sides angles angles
sides
𝐴𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐹 the ∠𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐸 the
𝐵𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹𝐺 corresponding ∠𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐹 corresponding
𝐶𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐹 ∠𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐺
Square sides have the angles have
𝐴𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐻 ∠𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐻
same length the same
measure

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 3

 𝐴𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐹 the ∠𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐸 the
𝐵𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹𝐺 corresponding ∠𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐹 corresponding
𝐶𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐹 ∠𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐺
Rectangle sides have the angles have
𝐴𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐻 ∠𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐻
same length the same
measure

𝐴𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐹 the ∠𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐸 the

𝐵𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹𝐺 corresponding ∠𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐹 corresponding
𝐶𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐹 ∠𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐺
Parallelogram sides have the angles have
𝐴𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐻 ∠𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐻
same length the same
measure

𝐴𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐹 the ∠𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐸 the

𝐵𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹𝐺 corresponding ∠𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐹 corresponding
𝐶𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐹 ∠𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐺
Trapezoid sides have the angles have
𝐴𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐻 ∠𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐻
same length the same
measure

𝐴𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐹 the ∠𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐸 the

𝐵𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹𝐺 corresponding ∠𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐹 corresponding
𝐶𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐹 ∠𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐺
Rhombus sides have the angles have
𝐴𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐻 ∠𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐻
same length the same
measure

𝐴𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐹 the ∠𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐸 the

𝐵𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹𝐺 corresponding ∠𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐹 corresponding
𝐶𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐹 ∠𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐺
Kite sides have the angles have
𝐴𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝐻 ∠𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐻
same length the same
measure

2. Does every plane have the same shape and size? Give the reason!

Yes, because the corresponding sides have same length and the
corresponding angles have the same measure

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 4

3. Write the term of the two planes are said to be!

a. The corresponding angles are equal and,

b. All the length comparisons of the corresponding sides are equal

4. Use the information from (2) and (3), if the two planes are congruent then
are they will be similar too? Give the reason!

Yes, because the corresponding angles are equal and all the length
comparison of the corresponding side are equal that is 1

5. And if the two planes are similar then are they will be congruent too?
Give the reason!

Not necessarily, because each the corresponding angles are equal

but not every sides correspondence are equal

Let’s Conclude

Each pair of planes above is congruent. Conclude the terms of the two planes
are said to be congruent and the relation between congruence and similarity !

Two planes are called congruent that have the same shape and
sizes, that are :
a. The corresponding angles are equal and,
b. The corresponding sides are equal

The relation between congruence and similarity is

“All congruent planes are certainly similar,
but if similar is not necessarily congruent”

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 5

 Kegiatan 2

Two Triangles Congruence

There are several condition that two triangles are said to be congruent without
looking for two terms of congruence.

First Condition: SSS (Side, Side, Side)

Look at the two triangles media provided!

1. Measure all the corresponding sides of the two triangles

2. Are all the corresponding sides have same length?

Yes, all the corresponding sides have same length

̅̅̅̅ = 𝐷𝐸
𝐴𝐵 ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ = 𝐸𝐹
𝐵𝐶 ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 = 𝐷𝐹̅̅̅̅

3. Compare the two triangles, one way to compare them is to place the
triangles on top of each other. Are the two triangles congruent?

Yes, the two triangles are congruent

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 6

4. To prove your answer, determine two terms of congruence unknown.

𝑚∠𝐴 = 𝑚∠𝐷
𝑚∠𝐵 = 𝑚∠𝐸
𝑚∠𝐶 = 𝑚∠𝐹
So, all the corresponding angles also have same measure

5. So, two triangles can be said to be congruent if…………

Three sides of one triangle are congruent to the three sides of

another
triangle

Second Condition: AAA (Angle, Angle, Angle)

Look at the two triangles media provided!

1. Measure all the corresponding angles of the two triangles

2. Are all corresponding angles have same measure?

Yes, all the corresponding angles have same measure

𝑚∠𝑃 = 𝑚∠𝑆
𝑚∠𝑄 = 𝑚∠𝑇
𝑚∠𝑅 = 𝑚∠𝑈

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 7

3. Compare the two triangles, one way to compare them is to place the
triangles on top of each other. Are the two triangles congruent?

Yes, the two triangles are congruent

4. To prove your answer, determine two terms of congruence unknown.

̅̅̅̅
𝑃𝑄 = ̅̅𝑆𝑇̅̅
̅̅̅̅ = 𝑇𝑈
𝑄𝑅 ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ = 𝑆𝑈
𝑃𝑅 ̅̅̅̅
So, all the corresponding sides also have same length

5. So, two triangles can be said to be congruent if………

Three angles of one triangle are congruent to the three sides of another
triangle

Third Condition: SAS (Side, Angle, Side)

Look at the two triangles media provided!

1. Measure the corresponding sides and angles below.

(𝐺𝐻
̅̅̅̅ and 𝐽𝐾
̅̅̅ , 𝑚∠𝐻 and 𝑚∠𝐾, 𝐻𝐼
̅̅̅̅ and 𝐾𝐿
̅̅̅̅)

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 8

2. Are the corresponding sides and angles above have same measure?

Yes, the corresponding sides and angles above have same measure
̅̅̅̅
𝐺𝐻 = ̅̅̅
𝐽𝐾

𝑚∠𝐻 = 𝑚∠𝐾
̅̅̅̅ = ̅̅̅̅
𝐻𝐼 𝐾𝐿

3. Compare the two triangles, one way to compare them is to place the
triangles on top of each other. Are the two triangles congruent?

Yes, the two triangles are congruent

4. To prove your answer, determine two terms of congruence unknown.

𝑚∠𝐼 = 𝑚∠𝐿
̅̅̅ ̅
𝐺𝐼 = 𝐽𝐿

𝑚∠𝐺 = 𝑚∠𝐽
So, all of corresponding sides and angles have same measure

5. So, two triangles can be said to be congruent if………

Two pairs of corresponding sides have the same length and one pair angles
between the pairs of sides have the same measure

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 9

Fourth Condition: ASA (Angle, Side, Angle)
Look at the two triangles media provided!

1. Measure the corresponding sides and angles below.

(𝑚∠𝐾 and 𝑚∠𝑁, 𝐾𝐿
̅̅̅̅ and 𝑁𝑂
̅̅̅̅, 𝑚∠𝐿 and 𝑚∠𝑂)

2. Are the corresponding sides and angles above have same measure?

Yes, the corresponding sides and angles above have same measure

𝑚∠𝐾 = 𝑚∠𝑁
̅̅̅̅
𝐾𝐿 = ̅̅̅̅
𝑁𝑂

𝑚∠𝐿 = 𝑚∠𝑂

3. Compare the two triangles, one way to compare them is to place the
triangles on top of each other. Are the two triangles congruent?

Yes, the two triangles are congruent

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 10

4. To prove your answer, determine two terms of congruence unknown !

̅̅̅
𝐽𝐾 = ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑁

𝑚∠𝐽 = 𝑚∠𝑀
̅ = ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐽𝐿 𝑀𝑂

So, all of corresponding sides and angles have same measure

5. So, two triangles can be said to besar

be congruent if………

Two pairs of corresponding angles have the same measure and one pair sides
between the pairs of angles have the same length

Fifth Condition: AAS (Angle, Angle, Side)

Look at the two triangles media provided!

1. Measure the corresponding sides and angles below.

(𝑚∠𝑈 and 𝑚∠𝑋, 𝑚∠𝑊 and 𝑚∠𝑍, ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑉𝑊 and ̅̅̅̅
𝑌𝑍)

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 11

2. Are the corresponding sides and angles above have same measure?

Yes, the corresponding sides and angles above have same measure

𝑚∠𝑈 = 𝑚∠𝑋

𝑚∠𝑊 = 𝑚∠𝑍
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑉𝑊 = ̅̅̅̅
𝑌𝑍

3. Compare the two triangles, one way to compare them is to place the
triangles on top of each other. Are the two triangles congruent?

Yes, the two triangles are congruent

4. To prove your answer, determine two terms of congruence unknown

𝑚∠𝑉 = 𝑚∠𝑌
̅̅̅̅
𝑈𝑉 = ̅̅̅̅
𝑋𝑌
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑈𝑊 = ̅̅̅̅
𝑋𝑍
So, all of corresponding sides and angles have same measure

5. So, two triangles can be said to be congruent if………

Two pairs of corresponding angles have the same measure and one pair sides
(not between the pairs of angles) have the same length

Sixth Condition: RHS

Look at the two triangles media provided!

𝑚∠𝐼 = 𝑚∠𝐿 because these two triangles are right triangle.

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 12

1. Measure the corresponding sides below.
̅̅
𝐻𝐽̅̅ and ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐾𝑀 as hypotenuse
̅̅̅̅ and 𝐾𝐿
𝐻𝐼 ̅̅̅̅
2. Are the corresponding sides above have same length?

Yes, the corresponding sides above have same length

̅𝐻𝐽
̅̅̅ = ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐾𝑀
̅𝐻𝐼
̅̅̅ = ̅̅̅̅
𝐾𝐿

3. Compare the two triangles, one way to compare them is to place the
triangles on top of each other. Are the two triangles congruent?

Yes, the two triangles are congruent

4. To prove your answer, determine two terms of congruence unknow

𝑚∠𝐽 = 𝑚∠𝑀
𝑚∠𝐻 = 𝑚∠𝐾
̅ = ̅̅̅̅
𝐼𝐽 𝐿𝑀

So, all of corresponding sides and angles have same measure

5. So, two triangles can be said to be congruent if………

Both triangles are right triangle, the hypotenuse have same length and one
pairs of corresponding sides also have same length

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 13

1. Prove that parallelogram 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 and 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆 are congruent !

2. Look at the pictures below !

If both the figures are congruent, determine

the values of 𝑢 and 𝑣 on the figures!

3. Given that trapezoid ABCD and trapezoid

EFGH are congruent. If the length side of

AD = 12 cm, DC = 13 cm, and EF = 22 cm,

then determine the length of EH !

4. Look at the two pictures of house visible from the congruent front below !

What is perimeter and area of 𝐽𝐾𝐿𝑀𝑁 if the distance from 𝐽 to 𝐿𝑀 is 7?

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 14

5. Given

The perimeter of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 is 180 𝑐𝑚. Is ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐴𝐷𝐸 ?

6. Is 𝐴𝐸 ̅̅̅̅ ?
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐵𝐷

7. Given: 𝐼 is midpoint of ̅̅̅̅̅

𝐶𝑀

𝐼 is midpoint of 𝐵𝐿
̅̅̅̅

Show that ∆𝐶𝐼𝐿 ≅ ∆𝐵𝐼𝑀 ?

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 15

ALTERNATIVE ANSWERS

1. Answer:

The corresponding angles

𝒎∠𝐀 = 𝒎∠𝐒
𝒎∠𝐁 = 𝒎∠𝐏
𝒎∠𝐂 = 𝒎∠𝐐
𝒎∠𝐃 = 𝒎∠𝐑
The corresponding sides
𝑨𝑩 = 𝑺𝑷 = 𝟐 𝒄𝒎
𝑩𝑪 = 𝑷𝑸 = 𝟑 𝒄𝒎
𝑪𝑫 = 𝑸𝑹 = 𝟐 𝒄𝒎
𝑫𝑨 = 𝑹𝑺 = 𝟑 𝒄𝒎
2. Answer:

First, find the correspondence from each angles

From the picture we know that 𝑢 = 750

For the value of 𝑣, we can use the sum of the quadrangle which is 3600
0
So we get 𝑣 = (360 − 80 − 135 − 75) = 700

3. Given : 𝑨𝑩𝑪𝑫 ≅ 𝑬𝑭𝑮𝑯 Answer:

𝐴𝐵 = 𝐸𝐹 = 22 𝐻𝑂 = 𝐺𝐹 = 12 𝐸𝑂 = 𝐸𝐹 − 𝑂𝐹 = 22 − 13 = 9

𝐴𝐷 = 𝐹𝐺 = 12 With Pythagorean Theorem we get

𝐷𝐶 = 𝐺𝐻 = 13 𝐸𝐻 = √(𝐻𝑂)2 + (𝐸𝑂)2

𝐵𝐶 = 𝐸𝐻 = √122 + 92

Question: = √144 + 81

Determine the length of EH! = √225 = 15 𝑐𝑚

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 16

4. Given : 𝑨𝑩𝑪𝑫𝑬 ≅ 𝑱𝑲𝑳𝑴𝑵 Question:

𝐴𝐵 = 𝐴𝐸 = 𝐽𝑁 = 𝐽𝐾 = 5 What is perimeter and area 𝐽𝐾𝐿𝑀𝑁?

𝐸𝐷 = 𝐵𝐶 = 𝑁𝑀 = 𝐾𝐿 = 4 Answer:

𝐸𝐵 = 𝐷𝐶 = 𝑁𝐾 = 𝑀𝐿 = 8 Perimeter of 𝐽𝐾𝐿𝑀𝑁

The distance from 𝐽 to 𝐿𝑀 is 7 = 𝐽𝐾 + 𝐾𝐿 + 𝐿𝑀 + 𝑀𝑁 + 𝑁𝐽

= 5 + 4 + 8 + 4 + 5 = 26 𝑚

The distance from 𝐽 to 𝐿𝑀 = 𝐽𝑃 = 7

𝑂𝑃 = 𝑁𝑀 = 𝐾𝐿 = 4
So, 𝐽𝑂 = 𝐽𝑃 − 𝑂𝑃 = 7 − 4 = 3

The area of 𝐽𝐾𝐿MN

= area of triangle JKN + area of reactangle KLMN

1
= (2 × 𝑁𝐾 × 𝐽𝑂) + (𝑀𝐿 × 𝑁𝑀)
1
= (2 × 8 × 3) + (8 × 4)

= 12 + 32
= 44 𝑚2
So the perimeter and area of 𝑱𝑲𝑳𝑴𝑵 are 𝟐𝟔 𝒎 and 𝟒𝟒 𝒎𝟐

5. Given: The perimeter of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 is 180 𝑐𝑚

̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐸 = 60𝑐𝑚
̅̅̅̅ = 71 𝑚
𝐴𝐷
Question: Is ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐴𝐷𝐸 ?

Answer:
̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 + ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 + ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 = 180
𝑥 + 11 + 𝑥 − 11 + 𝑥 = 180
3𝑥 = 180
𝑥 = 60
̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 = 60 + 11 = 71 𝑐𝑚

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 17

 ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 = 𝑥 − 11 = 60 − 11 = 49 𝑐𝑚
̅̅̅̅ = 60 𝑐𝑚
𝐴𝐶
̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 = ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐷
̅̅̅̅ = ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 𝐴𝐸
𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝐸 = 𝑚∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 because opposite angles

Use 𝑆𝐴𝑆, proven that ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐴𝐷𝐸

6. Given: 𝑚∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 = 𝑚∠𝐵𝐸𝐴

𝑚∠𝐴𝐵𝐷 = 𝑚∠𝐵𝐴𝐸
Question: Is 𝐴𝐸 ̅̅̅̅ ?
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐵𝐷

Answer:
̅̅̅̅ 𝐵𝐴 because coincide.
𝐴𝐵 = ̅̅̅̅

So, we know
𝑚∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 = 𝑚∠𝐵𝐸𝐴
𝑚∠𝐴𝐵𝐷 = 𝑚∠𝐵𝐴𝐸
̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 = ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐴
Use 𝐴𝐴𝑆, ∆𝐴𝐵𝐷 ≅ ∆𝐵𝐴𝐸

So, all of corresponding sides have same length

Proven that
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐵𝐷
𝐴𝐸 ̅̅̅̅

8. Given: 𝐼 is midpoint of ̅̅̅̅̅

𝐶𝑀

𝐼 is midpoint of ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐿

Question: Show that ∆𝐶𝐼𝐿 ≅ ∆𝐵𝐼𝑀

Answer:

Because 𝐼 is midpoint of ̅̅̅̅̅

𝐶𝑀, so ̅̅̅
𝐶𝐼 = ̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝐼

Because 𝐼 is midpoint of 𝐵𝐿
̅̅̅̅ , so 𝐵𝐼
̅̅̅ = 𝐿𝐼
̅

𝑚∠1 = 𝑚∠2 because opposite angles

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 18

 Use 𝑆𝐴𝑆, proven that ∆𝐶𝐼𝐿 ≅ ∆𝐵𝐼𝑀

Mathematics Worksheet with Congruent Material for Grade 8 19