Department Of Management Information Systems

Faculty of Business Studies

University of Dhaka
Advanced Information Systems – 206
“ Midterm 1 on Organization Visit ”

Prepared For
Dr. Md. Rakibul Hoque
Associate Professor
Dept. of MIS
University of Dhaka

Prepared By
Asora Yasmin Sneha
ID: 029-14-087
Section A
Dept. of MIS
University of Dhaka

Date of Submission 29-03-2021

Popular Diagnostics Hospital (Automated)

1. Describe the organization

Recently, I have visited an automated organization named Popular Diagnostic Centre. It’s an
advanced Centre for diagnostic and medical services and their one or more processes are IT
based. It is one of the prestigious diagnostic complexes which started its activities in 1983. It is
the largest diagnostic services provider organization in private sector. It is been pioneer in
introducing medical equipments and advanced technology to provide round the clock medical
investigations and consultancy services. Their goal is to ensure modern treatment facilities for
the mass people of the country. To meet the demand of the respective doctors they ensured a
modern setup of latest high-tech machineries one after another for complete diagnosis of patients
with utmost accuracy. It is the private organization which ensured world latest medical
equipments and Technology. It is also a computer system that helps manage the information
related to health care and aids in the job completion of health care providers effectively. They
manage the data related to all departments of healthcare such as, Financial, Laboratory, Inpatient,
Outpatient, Operation Theater, Materials, Nursing, Pharmaceutical, Radiology, Pathology etc.
The system automatically generates a highly-efficient process and makes it quick. Thereby,
allowing hospitals to provide quality service in addition to professional medical care and creates
a frictionless approach towards managing the entire hospital and solves all complexities in the
process.

Healthy Pharmacy (Manual)

1. Describe the organization
Recently, I have visited a manual organization named “Healthy Pharmacy”. It is a well-known
retailer of medicine in Godenail Mirpara, Siddhirganj, Narayangonj. They provide all kinds of
life saving medicine. Their aim is to provide good medicine and best service quality to the
patients Sector. They have been in the forefront of delivering healthcare services in our area,
through the largest Healthcare network of establishments for last 32 years. Their Vision is to
establish an environment around the healthcare sector through the highest level of innovative and
technical support which will add value to our society and act as a driven force of our humanity.
They manually record’s their transactions in a register book and then calculate it for finding
profit or loss. They don’t have any backup system to recover their data, that’s why their data are
in great risk. They have no connectivity with the modern technology and they can’t avail it
because of their knowledge lacking about IT. The daily task management of this pharmacy is all
in all a complex task management system. Because in a pharmacy an employee has to work
longer hours due to query management, handling payments and dues of customers or patients
and daily expenditure management. They even have to take care of documents and records like
medicine’s records, revenue, invoices, etc as well. Doing these works manually requires a huge
amount of time and the manual errors are not less at all. It is done manually almost all works on
the pharmacy organization is done by papers. Thus, for medicine data search in order to buy,
audit, and other related works.

Automated
2. Describe business functions (i.e. Marketing, Accounting,
Finance)
Now, I have to describe how many functions are there in this organization. As I see, there are
different functions or departments. But some are organized and some are disorganized.
Organized departments include Accounting department, Emergency department, Cardiology
department etc. So now I will describe those functions are organized such as Accounting
department, finance department, and Marketing department are operate in automated systems.

Accounting Department Functions

The automated organization I have already visited has an accounting department. It can be
considered the backbone of this organization that has to deal with funds. It organizes the
financial affairs of both customers and the medical institution. It stores and presents all the
patient payment details, hospital financial records on expenses and overall profit. The accounts
department makes sure that all the guidelines by GAAP are followed, which will save up a lot of
costs in terms of fines and charges. After all, they need to be able to pay patients bills, meet
payroll responsibilities and make a profit so they can continue to build they practice.

Finance Department Functions

The organization has also a finance department. It is to manage money and risk in a way that
helps to achieve the financial goals of the organization. The payment details, hospital financial
records, costs, profits, etc. are the financial management system's vital task are included this
department. Financial managers evaluate the organizations’ effectiveness and overall financial
health. Careful planning allows them to plan for the future. In addition, they evaluate the
effectiveness of the various departments within hospitals. Finance managers also monitor
spending to detect fraud and the misuse of funds. They may place purchase orders for
medications or equipment that’s inconsistent with a patient’s needs which would set the
organization up for legal liabilities.

Marketing Department Functions

The organization has also a marketing department. Hospital marketing staffs are reinventing
themselves with 'precision marketing'. Using social media, web technologies and data analytics,
healthcare marketing professionals engage current patients, future patients, and the broader
community in ways like never before. Besides, they invested in a customer relationship
management marketing technology platform. On the social media side, the department has
dedicated staffers who have the responsibility for community management. So they are active
with social listening on social media and sell their product and collect money through online.

Manual
2. Describe business functions (i.e. Marketing, Accounting,
Finance)
Similarly, I have to describe how many functions are there in this organization. As I see, there
are different functions or departments. But some are organized and some are disorganized. So
now I will describe those functions are manually Operated such as Accounting department,
finance department, and Marketing department.

Accounting Department Functions

The organization has not specifically an accounting department. But, they record their daily
transaction in a way. It involves monitoring and reporting on this pharmacy’s financial resources.
And also some manner manually organized in the purchase and sale of materials, products, and
services. In community settings, this is accomplished through the transfer of products and
services for cash or promises to pay. In this pharmacy, purchases are made with cash, and the
sales are made through hospital billings to patients. The accounting process in this organization
is used to keep track of the inflow–outflow process. In particular, it will monitor the pharmacy’s
cash position so the pharmacist will know how much can be purchased and finally give them
invoice.

Finance Department Functions

The organization has not specifically a finance department. But they finance for their
organization from banks, retailers, suppliers as loans whenever they need. Financial function are
such activities as obtaining needed capital for the pharmacy, managing cash, managing
receivables, and investing in inventory. They may need funds to make major purchases of
equipment and fixtures. In addition, it relates to the use of excess cash through short-term
investments. This may be to purchase bank certificates of deposit, invest in inventory, etc.

Marketing Department Functions

The organization has not also specifically a marketing department. The marketing function of
this organization is the most direct link to the “outside.” It is through the marketing efforts that
patients, physicians and others are targeted for these services. Usually equated with advertising
or personal selling, marketing involves a far more diverse set of activities. They purchase
product from suppliers and keep it in storage and manually handle it. To ensure that the
organization satisfies the needs of patients, pricing products and services, and promoting the
pharmacy to target markets. If the pharmacy is to serve its patients well, it needs direction with
respect to what to do, when to do it, etc.

Automated
3. Choose a business function which is automated.
I would like to select the accounting department function which is automated. This
organization has many automated departments. The accounting department seemed easy to me.
And it is more suitable than others. I have also interacted with the system of this department.

Manual
3. Choose a business function which you are going to
automate.
I am going to automate bill management function of this organization. There are many manual
departments in this organization, of which I feel the need to automate this manual function.
Because they has to work longer hours because of billing system.
Automated
4. Describe the automated process (How it works?), Name of
Software, Vendors etc
As I select the automated department which is accounting, so now I will describe its processes
and how it works;

Accrual and cash accounting

Accrual accounting recognizes revenue and expenses when they are earned or incurred,
regardless of when the provider gets paid. Under accrual accounting, they associated expenses
and revenue would be recorded at that point.

Reporting

Hospital organizations produce financial reports indicating their performance. Details in these
reports may include cash flows, balance sheets, and statements of operations and changes in net
assets. That’s why they recorded all the daily cash flows, financial transactions in this process.

Payments and receivables related to medical services

Hospital might receive capitation, which involves a fixed amount per patient per month/year. In
this system, providers receive payment regardless of service utilization but are on the hook for all
overruns. Alternatively, they could be paid per day, at an amount typically set by the payer, or on
a case basis.

Uses of software

Besides, this hospital organization of accounting department uses some software that helps to
maintain all essential operations within a care setting and can control several sectors of
healthcare.

 Electronic Health Record (EHR) Software

They have EHR software. It collects information on patients – for example, the medication they
take, doctors’ recommendations, and the procedures that they have undergone in the past. Many
programs also include a financial module for invoicing and payment, and a separate portal for the
patient, which allows patients to access their consultation history, medical records, and
prescriptions. As a result of using this software, everything can be recorded automatically.

 Uniwide HIMS Software

Uniwide HIMS software is a Web-based hospital software system in this hospital which they
use. It automates all activities of medical centers and optimizes all departmental procedures
efficiently. Both the staff and patients can easily extract the required medical record and data
properly without consuming much time. That’s why, for using this software, everything can be
recorded easily.

 HRM software

Finally, I would like to describe about HRM software of this organization which they use.
Sustainability of this organization depends on how well it optimizes its operational costs and the
organizations are no exceptions here. They too need to curb their expenses in order to improve
profitability. Hospital information systems provide the most significant way for reducing
overheads. These ERP applications integrate all critical operations such as inventory, human
resource management, supplies, finance, billing, etc. This ensures that these processes are
easily tracked, standardized and optimized to attain maximum efficiency.

Manual

4. Requirement Analysis, As Is-To be, Develop Context Diagram,

DFD Level 0, 1 and 2 Diagram
As I select to automate bill management function of this Pharmacy. In this organization, bill
management systems keep track of patient invoices, payments, and any other financial
operations. This system facilitates cashier and billing operations for different categories of
patients. But the problem is it provides manual posting of charges related to different services
like medicines issued, consultants fee etc

We will focus on the following set of requirements while automating the bill management
systems:

1. Automate the account -book

2. Accelerate the workforce
3. Handle the patients' problems
4. Manage the appointment of the patients
5. Maintain the patient's record
6. Regulate the accounts and financial section daily
7. Provide adequate support 24/7

Besides, I am also drawing some Context Diagram, DFD Level 0, 1 Diagram to develop this
bill management system of this organization.
 Pharmacy system of Context Diagram

0 Drug Type,
Prescription Amount, Cost
Doctor Hospital Pharmacy Billing
Process Department

Pharmacy system of Level-0 Data Flow Diagram

1
Prescription
Doctor
Pharmacy
Technician

Pharmacy technician review

2 Patient data
Pharmacist

D1 Patient file
Order Data

3 Filled order data

Fill order

Drug label data

DrugType,
4 Amount,
Cost Billing
Generate label department
Automated
5. Explain their Database (Table, Forms, Report etc)
Since I have explained about the accounting department of this organization in the previous
points, so now I will explain their database. Hospital organizations need the database systems
for handling the information. Because of large number of patients, doctors and other staff in
hospitals, data processing becomes more crucial. Data Management in this hospital can be used
for achieving the patient’s information, arranging the doctor’s schedule and accounting business.
Doctors should access the patient’s record for giving the best diagnosis to cure the patient .On
the other hand patient can access their lab results and all kinds of information that doctors
indicate. Data base hospital helps to control the accounting business easily.

The Database consists of 5 tables; patient, doctor, diagnosis, bill and accounts. The
‘patient’ table consists of the basic data about the patient. ‘Doctor’ consists of the information
about doctor. ‘Diagnosis’ consists of data about the patient’s feverish. ‘Bill’ table records the fee
data of patient. And finally, ‘accounts’ table records the number of patient and doctor. In this
way the entire record is integrated within a single database.

Purpose of this Database

 Efficiently maintains the details about the patient, doctors.

 Simultaneously updates changes made to any data, item in the entire data base.
 It is faster than manual system Hospital Management System.

Patient Table

Pat_id Name Fname Gender Address Phone no. Dr_code

2 Ali Azmat Male Dhaka +134246577 Null

5 Jawad Ali Male Narayangong +165678899 Null

8 Priya Khan Female Comilla +145368779 Null

11 Iqbal Hilal Male Khulna +126767889 Null

14 Sara Aryan Female Dhaka +108764434 Null

Doctor Table

Dr_code Name Fname Gender Address designation

1 Farhan Ali male Dhaka Surgeon

2 Ajmal Hayat male Dhaka head

3 Sara Kareem female Narayangong Depthead

4 Ahmed Rashid female Comilla Surgeon

Pat_Diagnosis Table

DiagNo Diagdetails Remark Diagdate Pat_id

1 fever Serious 2020-06-03 Null

2 Heart prob Well 2020-06-04 Null

3 Sugar Well 2020-06-04 Null

Bill Table

Billno Patname Dname Amount Pat-id

10 Ali Fatema 900 Null

19 Yasin Hafez 7000 Null

22 Khan Jawad 7000 Null

26 Ahmed Ahmed 600 Null

Accounts Table

AccountNo PatientNo
101 2
Reports:

These are some reports which can be generated through this database:

 Current Inventory.
 No. of Patient/ Disease in a year.
 Printable Billing.
 Hospital annual turnover.
 Success rate of doctors.

The Organization is able to register patients for hospital, stores their disease details into the
database. Any of the staff member, doctor & admin is able to add, view, edit, update or delete
data. It also contains doctor’s information or doctor’s profile and any one log in can view
doctor’s profiles. On the other hand only admin user is able to add, edit, update or delete doctor’s
profiles. Besides, the accounting software is also facilitated to give a unique id for every patient
and stores the details of every patient and the staff automatically. This Hospital Management
System also keeps the profile and related details to the database and the permissions to add,
view, edit or delete is given only to doctors and admin of the system. It also includes a power
search facility by which user can search all information about any doctor, staff and the details of
a patient using any keyword.

Manual
5. Draw E-R Diagram and Develop relational database,
Interface Design
Now I am going to draw E-R Diagram and relational database model and suggesting them to
create it for their benefits as they don’t use any kind of technological software according to DFD
of pharmacy.

ER Diagram of “Healthy Pharmacy” Management Systems

 ER Diagram of “Healthy Pharmacy” Management Systems

Middle
First
name
name
Last name
D_id Age
Name
Name Address
Address

M
Doctor I Treat Patient

Gender
Phone no.
P_id
Gender
Department Ph.No
I

Issued

Bill
Amount

Invoice
Doc_charge
Bill_No. s
Develop relational database model of “Healthy Pharmacy” Management Systems

Doctor

Doctor_id Doctor name Address Gender Phone no. Department

Issued

Date Doctor_id treatment Patient_id time

Patient

Patient name Patient_id Address Phone no. Gender Age

Prescriptions

Prescriptions_id Patient_id Bill no.

Prescriptions Item

Prescriptions_id Medicine name Quantity

Bill

Bill_no. Patient name Doctor name Amount Patient-id Date-time

Automated
6. Are they using ERP, SCM, and CRM? Vendors
When I visited the organization I observed that there is ERP software and most importantly it is
in-house development by this hospital. The regular hospital activities like IPD, OPD, Test,
Billing, Account, HR management, etc. that they do automatically using the software and it is
“Arch”. It is designed to make a hospital's operations easier, more user-friendly, more efficient
and time-consuming, and reduce paper usage. It is a solution for the organization that enhances
the performance of this organization, ensures sound governance, provides quality services to
patients and helps to increase profits by reducing costs. The role of the arch in increasing
productivity and efficiency by preventing repetition of the same work is incomparable. It also
ensures transparency and prevention of abuse in this organization. They can also see daily,
weekly, monthly, half-yearly, and yearly reports of sales, revenue etc. very easily through the
software.

The advantage of using the software

 Maintaining the quality of service of the organization.

 Cost Reductions and quality patient care.
 Hospital work productivity, mobility and efficiency increases
 It gives transparent accounting system
 Patients advanced service payment
 From a certain place accounting department to manage
 From the software SMS and email can be sent easily
 Advanced and strong security and backup guarantees the system

Therefore, it can be said that the use of Arch software has increased the work dynamics and
efficiency of the organization as well as helps in providing better services to the patients and also
good connectivity among departments with complete security and privacy features.

Manual
6. Suggest ERP, SCM and CRM. Analyze by using big R and small
r. Gantt Chart
I visited the organization and talking with the pharmacist, I observed that there is no ERP
software. That’s why the daily task management of a pharmacy is all in a complex task
management system. Because in a pharmacy an employee has to work longer hours due to query
management, handling payments and dues of customer or patients and daily expenditure
management. Doing these works manually requires a huge amount of time. So, I will suggest
them to use ERP and analyze by using big R and small R. Now I place this organization into the
matrix.

Here, I see that the pharmacy organization placed at Q-3 or “Big R”. That means they have big
Gap and they have to change extent process of organization and also change extent process of
software. I informed them about ERP software and also well-versed them of the benefits of ERP
so that I can recommend using ERP to get benefits of it. Some advantages I informed them are
given in the below.

 The pharmacy management software package will store the entire customer’s history,
invoicing can also fix a rendezvous with this aid software package. If anyone wants to
see the daily record, the software helps to show the small print instantly.
 Another is that accountants will access the information they hold on where they’re
online. This kind of technique will cause them to analyze details, even though they’re
far away from their enterprise using ERP software. If anyone has updated the
information from another location, they’ll still enter it.
But in the end, I didn't suggest to them any ERP software used for their organization because of
their less capability like the monetary problem, maintenance of ERP software, etc. I think ERP
software is not relevant right now for them. But if they were economically strong I would
suggest them to use ERP software of tier (iii) categorized that are useful for that small
organization.

Automated
7. What types of telecommunication and networking technologies
are they using?
When I visited the organization there I saw that there are many types of telecommunication and
networking technologies which they use. We know that the use of technology is an essential part
of what healthcare management is and the direction it’s heading. As new technology becomes
available, a healthcare management professional reviews the facility’s needs and implements the
latest technology to increase efficiency and provide patients with improved care. Now I am
going to describe some networking technologies which the organization is using.

1. Mobile Device Management

Commonly called intercom system is the most common and effective way of communication in
the organization where in all the departments is connected and can communicate for any patient
related work. This gives greater accessibility and speed of communications, patient safety and
triage management and flexibility.

2. Integrated service digital network (ISDN):

ISDN can be used for sending voice, data or video over digital telephone line or traditional
telephone lines. This technology is very useful while transferring patient records such as imaging
or files or reports.

3. Telehealth Technologies
Telehealth is a term used to encompass methods, devices, and technologies that are used to
deliver medical education, treatment, and information from a distance. Video conferencing, for
instance, supports real-time interaction via audio and video links, remote patient monitoring, and
the transmission of digital images for remote diagnosis.

4. Artificial Intelligence
AI in the organization analyzes anonymous patient medical data and uses that data to suggest
diagnoses and treatment plans for individual patients. Patients submit themselves to medical
studies and tests; AI compares the patients’ results with the test results from the hundreds of
thousands of patients’ results in its database to produce recommendations.

So, these are the networking technologies which they are using to facilitate the work of the
organization. And also it integrates all kinds of information data of the hospital, reduces the
workload of the medical staff, improve the treatment level, and avoids unnecessary medical
accidents

Manual
7. Suggest telecommunication and network technology for
them.
When I visited the organization I observed that the organization does not have much use of
networking technology. At present, most pharmacy use wireless network technology to establish
pharmacy information system, which is beneficial to improve management efficiency. So now I
will suggest them to use some telecommunication and network technology. Such as;

 Electronic prescription (EP): Pharmacy organization can use this technology.

Because this services can make the dispensing and reimbursement processes more
efficient. Maintenance of patient record becomes easy by using ICTs.

 SMS and Notification: They can also use this technology. With the use of a pharmacy
management system, the pharmacist can schedule text messages to be sent to patients
intimating them before their prescriptions running out. The patients can then let the
pharmacist if they need a refill, simply by responding to the message. The status updates
let the pharmacist keep in touch with the patients, ensuring patient satisfaction.

 Barcode identification: They can use barcode identification. Because it can be used to
reduce medicine administration errors and to improve the medication history of patients.

 High-speed Internet: As they have no internet connections like WIFI, VPN. It is most
common for browsing internet and get access in internet with minimal cost they have to
provide to the ISP provider They should have to connect in the fast lane with reliable,
lightning-fast Internet services. It is a consistent connection that will not slow down, even
during peak business hours.
So, I think if the organization uses these networking technologies, they will benefit a lot in the
future.

Automated
8. Website/E-Commerce etc
The organization uses E-commerce systems. It is B2C e-commerce. It is an electronic
marketplace designed to inform healthcare users about medical products and services. For
providing an E-commerce service, more and more people are searching for information about
disease and certain medical conditions using the internet. They are using social media to get in
touch with patients, to attract patients by posting advertising, bringing social awareness, etc from
the e-commerce system. One of the most important of E-commerce is the brilliant use of
streaming videos online can not only help a different group of a surgeon to share knowledge and
expertise but also help the doctors to treat bed-ridden patients. Moreover, it also helps to easy
accessibility of medicines online, online appointments with doctors, easily order medicine,
chance to compare the variety of health products and services.

Manual
8. Website/E-Commerce etc
The pharmacy organization does not use any website or E-commerce system. Nowadays, E-
commerce service in healthcare is increasing day by day. Because of the rapid advancement in
technology, the expectations of consumers for quality pharmacy are high. They can use social
sites such as Facebook page through can create online platform for patients and others and make
their business more attractive. The use of e-commerce strategies will help the pharmacy work
more efficiently especially those using back-dated paper-based systems. Above all, I would like
to suggest the organization to use E-commerce and websites for improving the relationship
among pharmacist, patients, suppliers and other healthcare providers through offering easier
ways to purchase, competitive prices and quick services.
Automated
9. What are the tools and technologies available for safeguarding
their information resources?
Technological security tools are essential components of modern distributed health care
information systems. There are numerous types of damage that can be traced back to an
information security failure by the organization that deals with privileged health information. So
there are some tools and technologies available for safeguarding their information resources
using the organization are;

1. Good cyber hygiene

Healthy habits are just as vital to this organization system as they are to patients’ health. They
uninstall unnecessary applications, Change default configurations, Wipe data from discarded
devices for safeguarding their information

2. Maintain anti-virus software

Anti-virus software guards against malicious code that can compromise their hospital systems.
Viruses are a common way for hackers to gain access to hospital systems and are constantly
evolving. Anti-virus updates are essential to security for their hospitals information resources.

3. Backup data
Hospital systems are vulnerable to disasters — fire, flood or hurricanes for example — in
addition to malicious hacking. Backing up the data on a regular basis and keeping those backups
securely stored is key to recovering from disaster. That’s why this tools is available for
safeguarding their information resources

4. Control access to protected health information

The organization determines who needs access to patient records and allow only them to access
that data. They use audits to verify who is accessing what data. And also don’t neglect to remove
employee access of those who have been terminated.

5. Limit network access

Flexible networking tools can create inexpensive solutions for this hospital. They also create
vulnerabilities. Wireless networks may be easy to set up, but they are vulnerable to unauthorized
access if not using encryption.
So these are some tools and technologies are available for safeguarding their information
resources.

Manual
9. Develop security policy. Suggest some security
technologies.
The organization does not have much use of security technologies. That’s why I will suggest
them to use some security technologies and also develop its policies;

1. Establish a security culture

Security policies are no good unless the employees are willing to protect the pharmacy and
follow best practices. Leadership must set the example and help train employees.

2. Mitigate risk from connected devices

Mobile devices are not the only vulnerability in pharmacy networks. Medical devices, security
cameras and office equipment are often networked. These connected devices offer access points
that could lead to patient data. Keep devices on separate networks and monitor for unauthorized
access.

3. Perform regular risk assessments

Risk assessments will help understand the organization’s vulnerabilities. Only then they can
anticipate security issues and secure pharmacy systems properly.

4. Evaluate security of business associates

Healthcare is all about sharing information now. Make sure the pharmacy systems are protected
from unauthorized access if someone gains access to a business associate’s network.

5. Establish policies for remote access of information

Technology allows pharmacy workers to work from anywhere — not just within the pharmacy.
The problem is that it creates vulnerabilities for health information. Policies need to define who
can access healthcare information and what information they can access. The devices need to
have appropriate security and tracking to protect data.
So, I think if the organization uses these security technologies and policies, they will benefit a lot
in the future.

Automated
10. Data Analytics
Data analytics has changed the way the hospital manage, analyze, and leverage data across
industries. In fact, healthcare analytics has the potential to reduce costs of treatment, predict
outbreaks of epidemics, avoid preventable diseases, and improve the quality of life in future
using data analytics. So the organization I visited is doing data analytics for future benefit using
their software. These are;

Using Health Data for Informed Strategic Planning

The use of data in the hospital allows for strategic planning thanks to better insights into people’s
motivations. Care managers can analyze check-up results among people in different demographic
groups and identify what factors discourage people from taking up treatment. They also made
use of Google Maps and free public health data to prepare heat maps targeted at multiple issues,
such as population growth and chronic diseases.
Subsequently, academics compared this data with the availability of medical services in most
heated areas. The insights gleaned from this allowed them to review their delivery strategy and
add more care units to the most problematic areas.

Predictive Analytics in Healthcare

Predictive analytics is one of the biggest business intelligence, but the potential applications
reach far beyond business and much further in the future for this organization. Recently a
research collaborative has collected EHRs of over 30 million patients to create a database for
predictive analytics tools that will improve the delivery of care. The goal of healthcare online
business intelligence is to help doctors make data-driven decisions within seconds and improve
patients’ treatment. This is particularly useful in the case of patients with complex medical
histories, suffering from multiple conditions. New BI solutions and tools would also be able to
predict, for example, who is at risk of diabetes and thereby be advised to make use of additional
screenings or weight management.

Reduce Fraud and Enhance Security

This analytics is very helpful for this organization. Some studies have shown that 93% of the
hospital organizations have experienced a data breach. The reason is simple: personal data is
extremely valuable and profitable on the black markets. And any breach would have dramatic
consequences. With that in mind, the organizations started to use analytics to help prevent
security threats by identifying changes in network traffic, or any other behavior that reflects a
cyber-attack. Of course, big data has inherent security issues and many think that using it will
make organizations more vulnerable than they already are. But advances in security such as
encryption technology, firewalls, anti-virus software, etc, answer that need for more security, and
the benefits brought largely overtake the risks. Likewise, it can help prevent fraud and inaccurate
claims in a systemic, repeatable way. Analytics also help to streamline the processing of
insurance claims, enabling patients to get better returns on their claims and caregivers are paid
faster.

Though data-driven analytics, it’s possible to predict when they might need staff in particular
departments at peak times while distributing skilled personnel to other areas within the
institution during quieter periods. Moreover, hospital data analysis will empower senior staff or
operatives to offer the right level of support when needed, improve strategic planning, and make
vital staff and personnel management processes as efficient as possible.

So these are the data analytics applications which the organization is using for their future
benefit.
Manual
10. Data Analytics
I have already mentioned that this is a small type of organization, therefore they don’t usually
use any sophisticated software in order to analyzing their data. But Data analytics help identify
consumers' behavior, their needs, and every taken stage in their purchasing process. All this data
can be used to determine the weak points in this pharmacy, such as design, purchasing process,
and financial transactions, in addition to the possibilities of changing those weaknesses into
strengths. So I can propose them to use data analytics as follows;

Customer behavior analytic

Pharmacy organization can use data analytics on customer behavior. Because it aims at assisting
pharmacy management in measuring the purchase trends and customers' expectations, especially
with the significant changes that usually occur in their behavior. Although providing products
with the appropriate price is very important, customers are usually not willing to buy products
that are less expensive and not compatible with their needs. Data analytics can help pharmacy
managers streamline their consumers' preferences in terms of choosing particular products and
their alternatives. Also, managers get to know the customers' willingness to either buy
pharmaceutical products online or in-store, which helps them to decide whether to go online or
not.

Sales Reports

Pharmacy organization can use data analytics on sales reports or invoice. Because it can provide
pharmacy management with comprehensive reports about sales activities, which can help owners
with developing pharmacy operations in accordance with their customers' needs. Further,
pharmacy management software that use data analytics can help them generate sales reports
daily, monthly, or yearly. Accurate sales analytics aims at measuring its current volume
compared to expected numbers, in addition to analyzing the size of profits and studying the
reasons behind progress or decline, as well as analyzing employees' performance in the sales
department which is important for their future.

Above all, these are the analysis of the pharmacy management data that I have proposed the
organization. This data analytics can predict the future visions, behaviors, and dealings of
patients or customers that contribute to improving and developing the pharmacy management’s
ways and methods.
Automated
11. Global Systems
By observing the organization (Popular Diagnostics Hospital), I could understand that they have
no global systems. Moreover, they don’t have any international supply chain or external HR
management. Since the organization is in Narayangonj, all the products of the company are
exchanged and everything inside is doing internally in Narayangonj branch. So I think there is
no need for a global system in this organization.

Manual
11. Global Systems
By observing the organization (Healthy Pharmacy), I could understand that they have no Global
systems. In the same way, the organization doesn’t also have any ERP software, Supply chain
management, HR management etc. Besides, all their work is done manually within the
organization. Since the global system is an external and huge process, I would not suggest a
global system in this small organization.

Automated
12. Overall Comments
By visiting automated organization named “Popular diagnostics Hospital” I am able to gather
a lot of information and written down all the requirements that were mentioned as well as
describe the activities of the organization, their business type, discussed any one process, their
database, the technologies they use, analyzed the data etc. They use some of the software to
operate their organization automatically. As a result of doing these, the organization growing
faster and serve their patients in better way and take better decision for their business in a
secured way.
Manual
12. Overall Comments
By visiting manual organization named “Healthy Pharmacy” in our area, I find a lot of
obstruction in their organization. They have many lacking as they don’t use any IT based
software, they are behind of others pharmacy, as they have some constrain. I suggest them many
automation process to run their business in a great and faster and secured way.

End