Technological Institute of the Philippines Equipment Design

Technological Institute of the Philippines
EQUIPMENT
DESIGN
Nomenclature:
Symbol Meaning Unit

m3
Q Capacity
batch
V Volume m3
D Diameter m
H Height m
N
Pi Pressure
mm2
ts Thickness of the Plate mm
S Allowable working stress psi
E efficiency -
C Corrosion allowance mm
kg
ρ Density
m3
Di Diameter of impeller m
Bw Baffle width m
Wi Impeller Width m
Re Reynold’s Number -
μ Viscosity Pa−s
Np Power Number
P Power Watts
L Length m
N Rotational Speed rpm
Heavy Duty Thickener lbf
K
Factor ft
Dp Diameter particle M
kJ
Cp Speacific heat capacity
kg−K
θ Angle for conical hopper -
h Height of frustum M
m
g Gravitational constant
s2
DOLOMITE SILO
Design Description
Silos are used to store bulk solid materials and release them when needed. It usually
has a conical bottom to facilitate the smooth flow of solids when about to be used.
N
Operating Pressure=29 psi=0.2
mm2
kg
Feed Flow rate=16 , 995.7
day
kg
ρdolomite =3 ,950
m3
kg
16 , 995.7
day
Feed Volumetric Flow Rate=
kg
3 , 950 3
m
m3
Feed Volumetric Flow Rate=0.17928
hr
For 1 day operation:
Total Feed Volume=4.3027 m 3

Silo should be 60 % full,
4.3027 m3
V=
0.60
V =7.17118 m3
Assuming volume allowance of 20%, (safety factor)
V tank =1.2 xV
V tank =1.2 x 7.17118 m3
V tank =8.6054 m 3
L=1.2 D (Labhan and Kohlass)
π 1. 2 π 3
V = D 2 L=V = D
4 4
1. 2 π 3
8.6054 m 3= D
4
D=2.0900m
R=1.0450m
L=2.5081 m
For conical hopper:
θ=70o ( Debabratta Dutta ,2011)
Computing for the height of the frustum:
1.0450 m
h=
tan 70o
h=0.3804 m
Computing for the diameter at the discharge, using Beverloo equation:

mass flow rate=0.58 ρ x g0.5 x ¿
D=¿
kg
bulk ρ=2,899 3
m
k =1.4
kg
mass flowrate=4.7210
s
D=¿
D=0.07299 m
r =0.0365 m
πh 2 2
V frustum = ( R +r + Rr )
3
π x 0.3804 m
V frustum = ¿
3
V frustum =0.4507 m3
π 3
V spherical head = D
12
π
V spherical head = (2.0900 m)3
12
V spherical head =2.3901 m3
Total Volume=V tank +V frustum +V spherical head

Total Volume=8.6054 m33 +0.4507 m 3 +2.3901 m3
Total Volume=11.4462 m3
Shell Thickness
From Table 13.2 Typical Maximum Allowable Stresses for Plates Under ASME BPV
Code Sec. VIII D.1 (The Appropriate Material Standards Should be Consulted for
N
Particular Grades and Plate Thicknesses), Towler : Carbon Steel, S= 88.9
mm2
Corrosion Allowance=2 mm
Computing for the shell thickness,

PD
t s= +C
2 Se−P
N
0.2 x 2,090 mm
mm2
t=
N N
(
2 88.9
mm 2 ) (
( 1 ) − 0.2
mm2 )
t=2.3536 mm+2 mm
t=4.3536 mm
Head Thickness
Computing for the head thickness,
PD
t s= +C
4 Se
N
0.2 x 2,090 mm
mm2
t=
N
4 88.9
(
mm 2 )
( 1)
t=1.1755 mm+2 mm
t=3.1755 mm
Summary:
Diameter (Tank) 2,090 mm

Height (Tank) 2.5081 m
Volume 11.4462 m 3
kg
Capacity 16 , 995.7
day
N
Operating Pressure P=0.2
mm2
REACTOR
Design Description
The reactor is an agitated vessel equipped with an impeller that is suited for the
operation. It is designed to let the magnesium hydroxide remain suspended in the
mixture.
Data and Assumptions
1. Capacity of the reactor based on the material balance
2. Density of seawater is 1.024Kg/L [ CITATION USD08 \l 1033 ]
3. Viscosity of seawater is1.08x10-3 Pa.s[ CITATION USD08 \l 1033 ]
4. The impeller to be used is a pitch blade turbine because it is best used for solid
suspension in a mixture [ CITATION Per07 \l 1033 ]
5. Retention Time in the Reactor is 6 hours [ CITATION Sha061 \l 1033 ]
6. Speed of Impeller is 1.33 rev/s[ CITATION Vet \l 1033 ]
Capacity of the tank:

liters 1 day 6 hrs 1 m3
Q=1915843 x x x
day 24 hrs 1 batch 1027.51
m3
Q=466.25
batch
Assume 20% for safety factor
m3
Q=466.25 x 1.20
batch
m3
Q=559.37
batch
Diameter of the tank
V =V cylinder + V spherical bottom+ V flat head
π π
V = D 2 H+ D 3
4 12
Assuming H = 2D
π
V = D3
3
π
559.37 m 3= D 3
3
D=8.1138 m
Total Tank Height
Since Height for head and bottom is D/2 (Based on 10-140, Table 10-65 Perry’s
Chemical Engineering Handbook)
H total=( 8.1138 x 2 )=16.23 m

Thickness of Shell
PD
t s= +C
2 Se−P
(Eq. 4-3, page 85, Process Equipment Design by Hesse)
Where:
t s= thickness of the plate
P = internal pressure
D = internal diameter
S = allowable working stress
e = efficiency
C = corrosion allowance
S=S u F m F a Fr F s
(Equation 4-1, page 84, Process Equipment Design, by Hesse)
Where:
Su = 11000 psi (Table 3.1 Process Equipment Design page 60)
Fm = 1.00 for high tensile strength carbon steels
Fa = Fr = 1.00 since radiographing and stress relieving is not required
Fs = 0.25 (Table 4.2, Process Equipment Design by Hesse, page 84)
S=11,000 ( 1.00 )( 1.00 )( 1.00 ) ( 0.25 )=2750 psi

kg lb
ρ=1027.51 3 =64.06 3
m ft
Internal Pressure:
lb
16.23 m x 64.06 x 3.2808 ft
ft 3
Pi=
144 ¿2
( ft 2 )
Pi=23.69 psi
PD
t s= +C
2 Se−P
t s=¿ ¿
t s=1.79∈¿ 45.5 mm
Head and Bottom Thickness

PD
t s= +C
4 Se
(eq. 4-8 page 86, Process Equipment Design by Hesse for hemispherical head and
bottom)
t s=¿ ¿
t s=0.9224∈¿ 23.43mm
Impeller Diameter
Di
=0.25
Dt
Di=2.03 m
Baffle Width
Dt
Bw =
12
Bw =0.6762 m
Impeller Height
Di
Wi=
8
W i =¿0.2536m
Reynold’s Number
D 2a Nρ
Re =
μ
Re =¿ )/1.08x10−3 Pa. s
Re =5214420.116
Power Number
Using Perry’s (fig. 18-17)
Np= 0.98
P gc
N p=
N 3 D5a ρ
P
0.98= 5
(1.33¿¿ 3)(2.03 )(1027.51) ¿
P=81667.12Watts=81.67 Kwatts
Specifications
Diameter 8.1138 m
Height 16.23 m
Shell Thickness 45.5 mm
Bottom Thickness 23.43 mm
Impeller Type 45°Pitch Blade Turbine
Impeller Diameter 2.03 m
Baffle Width 0.6762 m
Impeller Height 0.2536m
Power Requirement 81.67 KW
Material of Construction Carbon Steel A285 Gr A
ROTARY KILN
Design Description
The dolomite will be decomposed to calcined dolomite using a rotary kiln, using coal to
provide sufficient heat to convert the dolomite to the desired product.
Data And Assumptions
1. The capacity of the kiln is for 1 day operation
2. The capacity of the kiln is 16 994 kg/day
Design Specifications:
Diameter (m) 1.4
Length (m) 10
Kiln Shell Thickness (mm) 14
Weight 15.2t
Inclination (%) 4
Capacity (metricton/day) 25
Production (metric ton/hr) 0.9 – 1.3
Rotational Speed (rpm) 3.96
Angle of Elevation 350
Motor Power (kW) 18.5
Fuel Coal
Henan Dajia Mining Machinery
Supplier
Co.,Ltd
Capacity = 16994 Kg/ day

Production Rate = 9085.093 kg/day = 0.3785 MT/hr
Retention Time
From S.P., Deolalkar, Handbook for Designing Cement Plant
1.77 Q 0.5 LF
Retention Time( minutes)=
SDn
Slope of the Kiln (S) = 4%
Angle of Elevation (Q) = 35 0
Rotational Speed (n) = 3.96 rpm
Multiplying Factor (F) = 1
Diameter (D) = 1.4 m
Length (L) = 33 m
1.77(35)0.5 (33 m)(1)
Retention Time( minutes)=
( 4)(1.4 m)(3.96 rpm)
Retention Time = 15.58 minutes
AIR CLASSIFIER
Design Description
Air classifier works with cyclone separator, dust collector and suction fan to form a
complete classifying system. Material would go from the bottom part of air classifier up
to the classifying chamber by the air flow from suction fan. The high-speed rotation of
classifier wheel would create a strong centrifugal force to separate coarse powder and
fine powder. Qualified fine powder would go through the wheel vane then into the
cyclone separator or dust collector, while mixture of coarse powder and fine powder
would lose its speed and fall down along the house wall to the secondary air inlet. The
secondary air flow would disperse it further and separate coarse and fine powder. Fine
powder would go up to the classifying chamber for further classifying, while coarse
powder would fall down and go out from the bottom outlet.
Data And Assumptions
1. The capacity of the air classifier is for13332.26 kg/day
2. The diameter of the coarse fraction is about 500 microns [ CITATION Vet \l 1033
]
3. The diameter of the fine fraction is about 74 microns [ CITATION Vet \l 1033 ]
13332.26 kg /day
Q= =¿555.51 kg/hr
24 hrs
Design Specification:
Model Number FL300
Capacity 200-1000 kg/hr
Power Requirement 20 Kwatts
Product Size 6-150 microns
Price 700000 pesos
Dimensions LxWxH 1.5x1.5x2
Weifang ALPA Powder Technology &
Supplier
Equipment Co., Ltd.
CALCINED DOLOMITE SILO
Design Description
N
mm2
kg
Feed Flow rate=9 , 084.184628
day
kg
ρdolomite =3 ,600
m3
kg
9 , 084.184628
day
kg
3 , 600
m3
m3
hr
Total Feed Volume=2.5234 m3

2.5234 m 3
V=
0.60
V =4.2056 m3
V tank =1.2 xV
V tank =1.2 x 4.2056 m 3
V tank =5.0468 m3
π 1. 2 π 3
V = D 2 L=V = D
4 4
1. 2 π 3
5,0468 m 3= D
4
D=1.7495 m
R=0.8748 m
L=2.0994 m
For conical hopper:
0.8748m
h=
tan 70o
h=0.3184 m

D=¿
kg
bulk ρ=3 , 200 3
m
k =1.4
kg
s
D=¿
D=0.0578 m
r =0.0289 m
πh 2 2
3
π x 0.3184 m
V frustum = ¿
3
V frustum =0.2639 m 3
π 3
12
π
V spherical head = (1.7495 m)3
12

Total Volume=5.0468 m 3+ 0.2639 m3 +1.4019 m 3
Total Volume=6.7126 m3
Shell Thickness
N
mm2

PD
t s= +C
2 Se−P
N
0.2 x 1,749.5 mm
mm2
t=
N N
(
2 88.9
mm 2 ) (
( 1 ) − 0.2
mm2 )
t=1.9702 mm+2 mm
t=3.9702 mm
Head Thickness
PD
t s= +C
4 Se
N
0.2 x 1,749.5 mm
mm2
t=
N
(
4 88.9
mm 2) ( 1)
t=0.9840 mm+2 mm
t=2.9840 mm
Summary:
Diameter (Tank) 1,749.5 mm
Height (Tank) 2.0994 m
Volume 6.7126 m 3
kg
Capacity 9 , 084.184628
day
N
mm2
DETENTION SLAKER
Design description:
The equipment is a compact, self-contained slaker and feeder package that requires
only straightforward on-off control. Water and dolime are added to the first compartment
in the proper proportions required for complete chemical reaction at the correct
temperature, independent of viscosity. The mixture is thoroughly blended by propeller-
type mixers at the right degree of agitation to provide a uniform reaction. This ensures
that there are no localized “hot spots” that promote crystal growth and decrease the
specific surface and reactivity of hydrated dolime.
The equipment has its own grit removal section wherein the slurry overflows.
Here the abrasive grit separates from the slurry ensuring maximum yield of hydrated
dolime.
Design Specification:
Model Number Ixh-c
Hydrated Dolime time needed 15 minutes
Capacity 1-3 MT/h
Length of effective capacity 1100 mm
Power Requirement 5.5 KW
Processing Types Lime and Dolime
Diameter 1300 mm
SLAKING WATER STORAGE TANK
Design Description:
A closed vessel used in production to hold and store the liquids. Water storage tank
supplies the necessary amount of wash water needed by the slaker.
Feed = 59, 365.6 kg

Operating Temperature=25 °C
kg
ρwater @ 25° C =997.0479
m3
Capacity of the Tank
Computing for the Volume,
m
V=
ρ
59 , 365.6 kg
V=
kg
997.0479 3
m
V =59.54137 m3
At filling capacity,
59.54137 m 3 3
V t= =74.42671511 m
0.80
V tank =1.2 xV
V tank =1.2 x 74.42671511m 3
V tank =89.31205813 m3 =8.931205813 x 1010 mm 3
Tank Diameter
Computing for the diameter and height, assuming H=2D,
V tank =V cylinder +2V spherical
π 2 π π
V= D H+ D 3 + D 3
4 12 12
π 2 π π
8.931205813 x 1010 mm3= D H + D3 + D 3
4 12 12
2π 3
8.931205813 x 1010 mm3= D
3
D=3 , 493.685665mm
Total Height of the Tank

H=2 D
H=2 x 3 , 493.685665mm
H=6 , 987.37133mm
Pressure
Computing for the design pressure, assuming maximum operating pressure= 10%
operating pressure,
P= ρgH x 1.1
kg m 1m
P=997.0479 x 9.81 2 x 6 , 987.37133 mmx
m 3
s 1000 mm
2
N 1m
P=68 ,343.75777 2 x ¿¿
m
N
P=0.07517813355
mm2
Shell Thickness
N
mm2

PD
t s= +C
2 Se−P
N
0.07517813355 x 3 , 493.685665 mm
mm2
t=
N N
(
2 88.9
mm 2 ) (
( 1 )− 0.07517813355
mm2 )
t=1.47784 mm+ 2mm
t=3.47784 mm

PD
t s= +C
4 Se
N
0.07517813355 x 3 , 493.685665 mm
mm2
t=
N
(
4 88.9
mm 2 )
( 1)
t=0.73861 mm+2 mm
t=2.73861 mm
Summary:
Diameter 3,493.685665 mm
Height 6,987.37133 mm
Volume 8.931205813 x 1010 mm3
Capacity 59, 365.6 kg
N
Operating Pressure 0.07517813355 2
mm
SEAWATER STORAGE TANK
Design Description
Designed to store and let the suspended solids settle to the bottom of the tank before
being pumped to the reactor.This will contain the seawater to be reacted with sufficient
calcined dolomite producing magnesium hydroxide slurry. In this equipment, suspended
solids in the seawater are allowed to settle down to the bottom of the tank.
1.) Capacity of the seawater storage tank based on the material balance
2.) Density of seawater is 1.024Kg/L[ CITATION USD08 \l 1033 ]
3.) 30° conical bottom of the tank[ CITATION Sin05 \l 1033 ]
Volume of Seawater Used

Kg
Q=1861241
day
1861241 Kg
day
Q=
Kg
1.024
L
L
Q=1817618.16 =1817.62 m3 /day
day
Assuming 20% safety factor

m3
C=1817.62 x 1.20
day
m3
C=2181.14
day
Diameter of the tank

V =V cylinder + V conicalbottom +V spherical bottom
π π π 3
V = D 2 H+ (tan 30o ) D 3 + D
4 8 12
Assuming H = 2D
V =2.06 D3
2181.14 m3=2.06 D3
D=10.19 m
Total Height
H total=( 10.19 x 2 ) =20.38 m
Thickness of Shell
PD
t s= +C
2 Se−P

Where:
e = efficiency
Where:
S=11,000 ( 1.00 )( 1.00 )( 1.00 ) ( 0.25 )=2750 psi

kg lb
ρ=1024 3 =63.84 3
m ft
Internal Pressure:
lb
20.38 m x 63.84 x 3.2808 ft
ft 3
Pi=
144 ¿ 2
( ft 2 )
Pi=29.64 psi
PD
t s= +C
2 Se−P
t s=¿ ¿
t s=2.78∈¿ 70.70 mm
Head Thickness
PD
t s= +C
4 Se
bottom)
t s=¿ ¿
t s=1.423∈¿ 36.14 mm
Bottom Thickness[ CITATION Sin05 \l 1033 ]

D c Pi 1
t= x
2 fJ−Pi cos ∝
where:
D c =diameter of cone
∝=half of cone apex
J= joint factor
f=1
1.01325 MPa
t=
(
10.19 m 29.64 psi x
14.7 psi )x
1
1.01325 cos 30
2 ( 135 MPa )−29.64 x
14.7
t=0.0897 m=89.71mm
Specifications
Height 20.38 m
Diameter 10.19 m
Shell thickness 70.70 mm
Bottom thickness 89.71 mm
Head thickness 36.14 mm
THICKENER
Design Description:
The tank is use for the compaction and settling of the suspension. The underflow
consist of the thickened slurry while the overflow forms clear liquid. The thickener is a
rectangular tank with a flat end and an open top.
Data and Assumptions:
1. The capacity of the tank is for 1day operation
2. The total entering mass flow rate 1973783 kg/day.
3. The length is two times the width of the rectangular tank.
From material balance:
Input:
kg H 2 O
81.21697838
kg solids
kg solids
24 007
day
Output:
kg H 2 O
2.96
kg solids
Width
From the Principles of Transport Processes and Separation Processes of Christie John
Geankoplis, page 922
D p vt ρ
N ℜ=
u
4 ( ρ p−ρ ) g D p
v t=
√ 3C D ρ
Where:
N ℜ = Reynolds number
D p = Diameter of particle
v t = Terminal velocity
ρ = density of water
u = viscosity of water
C D = drag coefficient
ρ p = density of particle
Since the Reynolds number is not in the range of Stokes’ Law, the solution is trial and
error to determine the terminal velocity.
3 mm kg
N =
( 1000 mm )
m( v )(997.0479 )
t
m 3
ℜ
kg
1 x 10−3
m−s
N ℜ=2991.1437 v t
kg m 3 mm
√ ( )( )
4 ( 2400−997.0479 ) 9.8066 2 m
s 1000 mm
3
m
v t=
kg
(3)(C D )( 997.0479 3 )
m
0.2349376587
CD=
vt 2
st
1 Assume of Velocity = 0.305
N ℜ1=¿ 2 991.1437(0.305)
N ℜ1=¿ 912.29
0.2349376587
CD1=
0.3052
C D1 =2.53
2nd Assume of Velocity = 0.9
N ℜ2=¿ 2 991.1437(0.9)
0.2349376587
CD2=
0.92
C D 2 =¿ 0.29
Plotting the 2 obtained results of N ℜ and C D in the Figure 14.3-1 of the Principles of
Transport Processes and Separation Processes of Christie John Geankoplis, page 921
states that the point of intersection at the N ℜ is 2.
N ℜ=2991.1437 v t
2=2991.1437 v t
m
v t=6.686405605 x 10−4
s
From Material Balance
Liquid in the
Liquid in the Liquid to Overflow Terminal Velocity (v)
Feed
Underflow (Y – U)
kg of liquids kg of liquids m
kg of liquids
kg solids kg solids s
kg solids
114.62 0.75 113.87 6.686405605 x 10−4

Y −U
A= ¿) [ CITATION Cou02 \l 13321 ]
v
A = area
m° = mass flow rate of solids
ρ = density of water
kg liquid
113.87
Y −U kg solid
=
vt m
6.686405605 x 10−4
s
Y −U s
=170300.7666
vt m
s 1 hr 1day kg
A=
( 170300.7666 )(
m 3600 s ) 24 hrs
( )(15 363
day
)
kg
997.0479
m3
A=30.37126406 m2
Assume:
L = 2W
A=L x W
30.37126406 m 2=2 W x W
W =3.90 m
Length
L=2( 3.896874649m)
L=7.80 m
Height
Using trigonometric property:
x
tan30 °=
7.8 m
x=4.5 m
Height =4.5 m
Shell Thickness
PD
t s= +C
2 Se−P
Where:

e = efficiency
Where:
S=11,000 ( 1.00 )( 1.00 )( 1.00 ) ( 0.25 )=2750 psi
kg lb
ρ=986.4391589 3
=62.58138085 3
m ft
Internal Pressure:
lb
13.97 m x 62.58138085 x 3.2808 ft
ft 3
Pi=
144 ¿2
(
ft 2 )
Pi=19.92 psi
PD
t s= +C
2 Se−P
t s=¿ ¿
t s=2.56∈¿ 65.00 mm
Bottom Thickness
Flat End
From Chemical Engineering Design of Ray Sinnott and Gavin Towler, 5 th Ed. Page 1007
C Pi
t=D e
Where:
√ SE
t = thickness
D e = Di = internal diameter
C = design constant
S = maximum allowable stress

E = joint efficiency
For flanged-only end: C = 0.1
Pi=19.92 psi = 137 305.7143 Pa
S = 2750 psi = 18955357.14 Pa
( 0.1 ) (137 305.7143 Pa)

t=3.90 m
√ ( 18955357.14 Pa)(1)
t=0.10498 m=104.98 mm
Power
T =K D 2
Where:
T = Torque requirement
K = Heavy duty thickener factor
D = Diameter
lbf
K = 15 [ CITATION MIP01 \l 13321 ]
ft
15lbf
T= ¿
ft
1.35 J
T =2456.025852lbf −ft ( )
1lbf −ft
T =3315.6349 J
Speed
Rake tip speed
Speed=
πD
8m
Rake Tip Speed= ( MIP, 2001)
min
8m
min
Speed=
π ( 3.9 m)
Speed=0.6529 rpm
Electric Motor Sizing
2 πNT
P=
60( E)(1000)
Where:
P = Power
N = speed
2 π (0.6529433563 rpm)(3315.6349 J )
P=
60 ( 0.5 ) (1000)
P=0.4534 kW −d=10.88 kW −h
Specifications
Width 3.9 m
Length 7.80 m
Height 4.5 m
Bottom Thickness 105.00 mm
Power Requirement 10.88 kW-h
Material of Construction Carbon Steel A285 Gr A
WASHER
Design Description:
Washer is used to remove soluble salts like calcium chloride and light solids like calcium
sulfate dihydrate in the mixture so that only the insoluble magnesium hydroxide will
remain in the mixture.
Feed Rate= 89241.40kg

Operating Temperature=25 °C
kg
ρmixture =1 ,277.40302 3
m
Computing for the Volume,
m
V=
ρ
89241.40 kg
V=
kg
1,277.40302 3
m
V =69.86 m3
V tank =1.2 xV
V tank =1.2 x 69.86 m3
V tank =83.83 m3 =8.38 x 1010 mm3
Tank Diameter
Computing for the diameter and height, assuming H=2D,
V tank =V cylinder +2V spherical
π 2 π π
V= D H+ D 3 + D 3
4 12 12
π 2 π π
8.38 x 1010 mm3= D H+ D 3 + D 3
4 12 12
2π 3
8.38 x 1010 = D
3
D=3420.72 mm
Total Height of the Tank

H=2 D
H=2 x 3420.72 mm
H=6841.43mm
Pressure
Computing for the design pressure, assuming maximum operating pressure= 10%
operating pressure,
P= ρgH x 1.1
kg m 1m
P=1277.40302 x 9.81 2 x 6841.43 mm x
m3
s 1000 mm
N 1 m2
P=8550.58 x
m2 ¿ ¿
N
P=0.00941
mm2
Shell Thickness
N
mm2

PD
t s= +C
2 Se−P
N
0.00941 x 3420.72 mm
mm2
t=
N N
(
2 88.9
mm 2 ) (
( 1 ) − 0.00941
mm2 )
t=0.1809 mm+2 mm
t=2.18 mm
PD
t s= +C
4 Se
N
0.00941 x 3420.72mm
mm2
t=
N
(
4 88.9
mm2 ) ( 1)
t=0.0905 mm+2 mm
t=2.09 mm
Agitator Design: Six-blade Pitched-Blade Turbine
From Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering 6 th edition by McCabe and Smith page
241, Standard Turbine Design
Computing for the Impeller Diameter,
vessel diameter D
= =4
impeller diameter D i
3420.72 mm
D i=
4
D i=855.18mm=0.8552 m
Computing for the Height of the impeller above the vessel floor:
Height of impeller above the vessel floor H i 1
= =
Diameter of the tank D 3
1
H i= x 3420.72mm
3
H i=1140.24 mm=1.14 m
Computing for the length of the impeller blade:

Length of theimpeller blade( L)
Impeller Diameter ( D¿¿ i)=0.25 ¿
L
=0.25
Di
L=0.25 ( 855.18 mm )
L=213.79 mm=0.2138 m
Computing for the width of impeller blade:

width of the impeller blade(W )
Impeller Diameter (D¿¿ i)=0.2 ¿
W
=0.2
Di
W =0.2 ( 855.18 m )
W =171.036 mm=0.171 m
Computing for the Power Requirement:
'
Di 2 x N 2−n x ρ
ℜn= '
11n −1 x k '
From table 3.3 Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering 6th edition by McCabe and
Smith page 51,
n' =0.59
k ' =0.226 x 10−3
From Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering 6th edition by McCabe and Smith page
240, N=150 rpm
Substituting,
150 2−0.59 kg
ℜn=
(0.88518 m)2 x ( )
'
60
x 1 , 277.40302 3
m
0.59 −1
11 x 0.226 x 10 −3
ℜn=¿ 43087281.91
Since nℜ >10 , 000 ,
From table 9.1 Effect of Blade witdh on power consumption of six-blade pitched turbine,
Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering 6th edition by McCabe and Smith
k T =1.63
P=k T x N 3 x Da 5 x ρ
150 3 kg
P=1.63 x ( )60
5
(.88518 m) x 1 , 277.40302 3
m
P=17680.4589=17.68 KW
Summary:
Tank Diameter 3420.72 mm
Tank Height 6841.43 mm
Tank Volume 8.38 x 1010 mm3
Capacity 89241.40kg/day
N
Operating Pressure 0.00941
mm 2
Agitator Six Blade Pithed-Blade Turbine

Diameter of Impeller 855.18 mm
Height of Impeller above the vessel floor 1140.24 mm
Length of the Impeller Blade 213.79 mm
Width of the Impeller Blade 171.036 mm
Power 17.68 KW
WASH WATER STORAGE TANK
Design Description
Storage tanks are closed cylindrical vessel with a hemispherical head and bottom used
to hold and store liquids. Water storage tank supplies the necessary amount of wash
water needed by the washer to wash the solid materials that will then enter the filter.
1.) The capacity of the tank is for 1day operation
2.) The mass of water needed in the washer is 20958.01 kg/day.
3.) The density of water at 25C is 997.042 kg/m3 (Perry’s Chemical Engineering
Handbook 8th edition, sec 2-91)
Design Consideration
1. The filing capacity is 80%
2. Safety factor of 20%
3. The efficiency of tap-welded joints is 80% (Plant Design and Economics for
Chemical Engineers, 5th ed, Peters and Timmerhaus, pg. 555 Table 12-10)
4. The minimum corrosion allowance is 1/16 in (Process Equipment Design,
Hesse, pg 73)
5. The height to diameter ratio of the tank is 2 (Perry’s Chemical Engineering, 7 th
ed. By Perry and Green, pg. 10-139)
6. A stainless steel type 301 materials of construction is used to avoid negative
effect of materials handled and for higher corrosion resistance (Perry’s Chemical
Engineering, 7th ed. 28-31)
7. The maximum allowable tensile stress for steel of temperature up to 650F is
110000 psi (Process Equipment Design, Hesse, Table 3-3. Pg 62)
Design Calculation
20958.01 kg
V t= 3
=21.02m3
997.042kg /m
At filing capacity
21.02m 3 3
V t= =26.28 m
0.80
Safety factor
V t =26.28 m 3 x 1.20=31.53 m 3
Tank Diameter
V =V cylinder + V spherical bottom+ V spherical head
π π π
V = D 2 H+ D 3 + D 3
4 12 12
Since H = 2D
2π 3
V= D
3
2π 3
31.53 m 3= D
3
D=3.88 m
Total Tank Height

H t =2 D
H t =2 x 3.88=7.76 m
Since Height for head and bottom is D/2 (Based on 10-140, Table 10-65 Perry’s
Chemical Engineering Handbook)
Dt
H hb=2 ×
2
10.2534
H hb=2 ×
2
H hb=10.2534 m
H total=( 2 x 10.2534 m) + ( 10.2534 m )=30.7601 m
Shell Thickness
PD
t s= +C
2 Se−P

Where:
= thickness of the plate
e = efficiency

Where:
S=11,000 ( 1.00 )( 1.00 )( 1.00 ) ( 0.25 )=2750 psi
kg lb
ρ=997.042 3
=62.1128 3
m ft
Internal Pressure:
lb 1 ft
(7.76 m)(62.1128 )( )
ft 0.3048 m
3
Pi=
144 ¿2
( ft 2)
Pi=10.85 psi
PD
t s= +C
2 Se−P
100 cm
t s=(10.85 psi)(3.88 m)( )¿ ¿
1m
t s=0.4401∈¿ 11.18 mm

PD
t s= +C
4 Se
bottom)
100 cm
t s=(10.85 psi)(3.88 m)( )¿ ¿
1m
t s=0.2508∈¿ 6.37 mm
Design Summary
Tank Diameter 3.88 m
Tank Height 7.76 m
Tank Volume 31.53 m3

Capacity 20958.01 kg/day
Operating Pressure 10.85 psi
Head and Bottom Thickness 6.37 mm
ROTARY FILTER
Design Description
1. High vacuum degree, low concentration of filtrate and high filter efficiency.
2. Small occupied area, low power consumption.
3. Can be recycled to use, reduce the emission.
4. All the operations such as suction filtration, washing and drying go on continuou
sly by the action of vacuum.
5. Ring type rubber discharging belt is used with high tensile strength and long ser
vice life.
6. Ring type abrasive belt is set between vacuum container and the rubber belt, w
ater is used to airproof and lubricate which can keep stable and higher vacuum degree,
good for stable operation state.
7. Vacuum balance automatic discharging tank or steam-liquid separator is set to
carry out zero potential difference automatic discharging or high potential difference disc
harging to satisfy requirements from different working states.
Specification Quantity
Capacity 2-8 tons/hr
Filter Area 20 m
Diameter 2000 mm
Length 2650 mm
Form of filter Outside
Speed 0.14-0.4 rev/min
Size (LxWxH) 4480 x 4085 x 2890
Weight 10.6 tons
kg MT day MT
Capacity=57219.25 (
day 1000 kg 24 )( )
=2.3841
hr
Supplier: Henan Xingbang Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd.

Place: Henan China (Mainland)
Brand Name: XBM
Model Number: GW-20
Price: US $300 - 100,000 / Set
Delivery Detail: 15-20 days after confirmed order
Packaging: Main machinery is in nude packing or container, and spare parts are in
wooden or steel box standard export packing, suitable for long distance delivery.
ROTARY KILN
Design Description
A rotary kiln will be used for the conversion of the magnesium hydroxide to magnesium
oxide, using coal as the fuel to provide the necessary energy to remove the moisture in
the feed.
1.) The capacity of the kiln is for 1 day operation
2.) The capacity of the kiln is 22883.1215 kg/day
Diameter (m) 1.4
Length (m) 10
Kiln Shell Thickness (mm) 14
Weight 15.2t
Inclination (%) 4
Capacity (metricton/day) 25
Production (metric ton/hr) 0.9 – 1.3
Rotational Speed (rpm) 3.96
Angle of Elevation 350
Motor Power (kW) 18.5
Fuel Coal
Supplier Henan Dajia Mining Machinery Co.,Ltd
Capacity
22883.1215 Kg/ day
Production Rate
7786.139= 7.7861 MT/hr
Retention Time
From S.P., Deolalkar, Handbook for Designing Cement Plant
1.77Q 0.5 LF
Retention Time (minutes) =
SDn
Slope of the Kiln (S) = 4%
Angle of Elevation (Q) = 35 0
Rotational Speed (n) = 3.96 rpm
Multiplying Factor (F) = 1
Diameter (D) = 1.4 m
Length (L) = 33 m
1.77( 35)0.5 (33 m)(1)
Retention Time (minutes) =
(4)(1.4 m)(3.96 rpm)
Retention Time = 15.58 minutes

BALL MILL
Design Description
A ball mill is a type of grinder used to grind materials into extremely fine powder for use
in mineral dressing processes, paints, pyrotechnics, and ceramics, etc. A ball mill will be
used after the dehydration process in the furnace and meet the required size of the final
product ranging from 250-350 μm.
Design computation
Capacity of the ball mill, (C), with an allowance factor of 15% for future expansion,
7786.193 kg 1 day 373.09 kg
C= x x 1.15=
day 24 hrs hr
Model Φ900×1800
Certification ISO9001
Power (KW) 18.5
Capacity (tons/hr) 0.4-2
Feeding Size(mm) ≤20
Discharging Size (mm) 0.075 -0.89
Ball load (tons) 1.5
Shaft Rotation Speed (rev/min) 38
Dimensions (LxWxH) (in meters) 6*3*2
Weight (tons) 3.6
Estimated Price (pesos) 169976.74
Supplier Henan Lanji Machinery Manufacturing Co.,
Ltd.
VIBRATING SCREEN
Design Description
Vibrating screens are used to separate feeds containing solid and crushed ores down to
approximately 200μm in size, and are applicable to both perfectly wetted and dried feed.
The frequency of the screen is mainly controlled by an electromagnetic vibrator which is
mounted above and directly connected to the screening surface.
1. Capacity of the vibrating will be based on the material balance
2. The product must pass a 170 mesh screen [ CITATION Vet \l 1033 ]
Design computation
Capacity of the Vibrating Screen, (C), with an allowance factor of 15% for future
expansion,
9342.432 kg 1 day 447.66 kg
C= x x 1.15=
day 24 hrs hr
Model XZS-12
Certification CE&ISO9001-2000
Capacity (t/hr) 0.4-0.6
Vibration Time (Rpm) 1500
Screen Mesh 200-500
Layers 2
Weight (Kg) 340
Power (KW) 0.75
Diameter (mm) 11500
Estimated Price (Pesos0 140000
Xinxiang First Vibration Machinery Factory
Supplier
Co., Ltd.
MAGNESIUM OXIDE SILO
Design Description
N
mm2
kg
Feed Flow rate=7,473
day
kg
ρ MgO=3 , 580
m3
kg
7,473
day
kg
3 , 580 3
m
m3
hr
Total Feed Volume=2.08752 m 3

2.08752 m3
V=
0.60
V =3.4792m3
V tank =1.2 xV
V tank =1.2 x 3.4792m3
V tank =4. 17504 m 3
π 1. 2 π 3
V = D 2 L=V = D
4 4
1. 2 π 3
4. 17504 m 3= D
4
D=1.652340 m
R=0.82117 m
L=1.9708 m
For conical hopper:
1.642340
2
h=
tan70 o
h=0.2989 m

D=¿
kg
bulk ρ=1041 3
m
dp=0.0008
k =1.4
kg
s
D=¿
D=0.06661m
r =0.0333 m
πh 2 2
3
π x 0.2989 m
V frustum = ¿
3
V frustum =0.2199734 m3
π 3
12
π
V spherical head = (1.642340)3
12

Total Volume=4.17504 m3 +0.2199734 m3 +1.159733 m3
Total Volume=5.5547459 m 3
Shell Thickness
N
mm2

PD
t s= +C
2 Se−P
N
0.2 x 1 ,652. 340 mm
mm2
t=
N N
(
2 88.9
mm 2 ) (
( 1 ) − 0.2
mm2 )
t=1.8607 mm+2 mm
t=3.860743 mm
Head Thickness
PD
t s= +C
4 Se
N
0.2 x 1 ,652. 340 mm
mm2
t=
N
(
4 88.9
mm2 ) (1)
t=0.92933 mm+2 mm
t=2.92933 mm
Summary:
Diameter (Tank) 1 , 652.340 mm
Height (Tank) 6,987.37133 mm
Volume 5.5547459 m3
kg
Capacity 7,473
day
N
mm2

Technological Institute of the Philippines Equipment Design

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Technological Institute of the Philippines

Symbol Meaning Unit

Total Feed Volume=4.3027 m 3

Assuming volume allowance of 20%, (safety factor)

Computing for the diameter at the discharge, using Beverloo equation:

Total Volume=V tank +V frustum +V spherical head

Computing for the shell thickness,

Diameter (Tank) 2,090 mm

Capacity of the tank:

H total=( 8.1138 x 2 )=16.23 m

S=11,000 ( 1.00 )( 1.00 )( 1.00 ) ( 0.25 )=2750 psi

Head and Bottom Thickness

Capacity = 16994 Kg/ day

CALCINED DOLOMITE SILO

Total Feed Volume=2.5234 m3

Assuming volume allowance of 20%, (safety factor)

Computing for the diameter at the discharge, using Beverloo equation:

Total Volume=V tank +V frustum +V spherical head

Computing for the shell thickness,

SLAKING WATER STORAGE TANK

Feed = 59, 365.6 kg

Capacity of the Tank

Computing for the Volume,

Assuming volume allowance of 20%, (safety factor)

V tank =V cylinder +2V spherical

Total Height of the Tank

Computing for the shell thickness,

Head and Bottom Thickness

SEAWATER STORAGE TANK

Volume of Seawater Used

Assuming 20% safety factor

Diameter of the tank

(Eq. 4-3, page 85, Process Equipment Design by Hesse)

S=11,000 ( 1.00 )( 1.00 )( 1.00 ) ( 0.25 )=2750 psi

Bottom Thickness[ CITATION Sin05 \l 1033 ]

114.62 0.75 113.87 6.686405605 x 10−4

S = allowable working stress

S=11,000 ( 1.00 )( 1.00 )( 1.00 ) ( 0.25 )=2750 psi

S = maximum allowable stress

( 0.1 ) (137 305.7143 Pa)

Feed Rate= 89241.40kg

Capacity of the Tank

Computing for the Volume,

Assuming volume allowance of 20%, (safety factor)

V tank =V cylinder +2V spherical

Total Height of the Tank

Computing for the shell thickness,

Computing for the length of the impeller blade:

Computing for the width of impeller blade:

Agitator Six Blade Pithed-Blade Turbine

WASH WATER STORAGE TANK

Total Tank Height

(Eq. 4-3, page 85, Process Equipment Design by Hesse)

(Equation 4-1, page 84, Process Equipment Design, by Hesse)

S=11,000 ( 1.00 )( 1.00 )( 1.00 ) ( 0.25 )=2750 psi

Head and Bottom Thickness

Tank Volume 31.53 m3

Supplier: Henan Xingbang Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd.

Retention Time = 15.58 minutes

MAGNESIUM OXIDE SILO

Total Feed Volume=2.08752 m 3

Assuming volume allowance of 20%, (safety factor)

Computing for the diameter at the discharge, using Beverloo equation: