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CORRECTION UNIT
Presented by:
Febin Paul
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
POWER FACTOR
WHAT CAUSES LOW PF?
WHY SHOULD WE IMPROVE PF?
METHODS TO CORRECT POWER FACTOR
NEED FOR AUTOMATIC POWER FACTOR
CORRECTION
BENEFITS OF APFC
AUTOMATIC POWER FACTOR CORRECTION UNIT
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INTRODUCTION
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POWER FACTOR
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WHAT CAUSES LOW POWER
FACTOR?
Most of the motors used in industries are of induction type,
which have low lagging pf.
High intensity discharge lamps operate at low lagging pf.
Transformers system work at lagging pf.
Load on the system is varying which results in decreasing or
low pf.
KVAR
KVAR
KVAR
Ø
Ø
KW
KW
Figure: Power Triangle
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WHY SHOULD WE IMPROVE
P.F?
Advantages of P.F
Advantages PF
Correction
Correction
Reduction in
Reduction in Avoid
Avoid power
Avoid power factor
factor
factor
Switchgear
Switchgear Reduction in kVAR
penalties
penalties
Rating
Rating Demand
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BENEFITS OF APFC
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AUTOMATIC POWER FACTOR
CORRECTION UNIT
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AUTOMATIC POWER FACTOR
CORRECTION UNIT(CONTD…)
It includes:
Power Factor Measurement
AC Current Measurement
AC Voltage Measurement
Capacitor can be added/removed in case of lagging/leading
power factor..
The capacitor will be added in parallel to the load.
Voltage & current is needed to measure required for reactive
power, apparent and active power.
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POWER FACTOR
MEASUREMENT
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POWER FACTOR MEASUREMENT
(CONTD…)
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POWER FACTOR
MEASUREMENT(CONTD…)
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POWER FACTOR
MEASUREMENT (CONTD…)
The on-time of above waveform is measured by using
interrupt routine in microcontroller.
Once the time is measured the phase difference can be
measured by following formula.
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AC VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT
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AC VOLTAGE
MEASUREMENT(CONTD…)
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AC VOLTAGE
MEASUREMENT(CONTD…)
The pulsating DC is fed into the controller and 2000 samples
were taken. All the samples were added and divided by
2000 to get average input voltage.
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AC CURRENT MEASUREMENT
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EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
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POWER FACTOR
CORRECTION
Based on the measured values (phase shift, voltage &
current), all three powers and power factor of load is
calculated.
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APFC SYSTEM
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REFERENCE
1) Muhammad Bilal Khan, Muhammad Owais, “Automatic Power Factor
Correction Unit”, 2016 International Conference on Computing,
Electronic and Electrical Engineering (ICE Cube), Date of
Conference: 11-12 April 2016
2) Dr. Satadal Mal, Reetam Sen Biswas, “Automatic Power Factor
improvement using Microcontroller”, 2015 International Conference
and Workshop on Computing and Communication (IEMCON), Date of
Conference: 15-17 Oct. 2015
3) Chun-Lien Su, Ming-Chao Lin, Chi-Hsiang Liao, “A Energy-Savings
Evaluation Method to Justify Automatic Power Factor Compensators
on Marine Vessels”, Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting
(IAS), 2012 IEEE, Date of Conference: 7-11 Oct. 2012
4) Aparna Sarkar ,Umesh Hiwase , “Automatic Power Factor Correction
by Continuous Monitoring”, International Journal of Engineering and
Innovative Technology (IJEIT) Volume 4, Issue 10, April 2015
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