CALACA ACADEMY, INC.

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

ACADEMIC YEAR 2020-2021

WEEK 1

NAME:
GRADE & SECTION:

st
21 Century Literature from
the Philippines and the World

Prepared by:

VICENTE ANDINO CONSIGO

Module 1 : Mapping Our Literary Past, Present,

And Future
Before the Philippines was colonized, it was already brimming with a rich tradition of oral
literature. Early Filipinos weaved together countless myths and legends to explain the certain
phenomena in life. They had stories on how the world was created – why there is sun in the
morning and the moon at night ,how a mountain was formed, why there are earthquakes , and
other life events . However, because paper was not invented yet, many of these tales were not
preserved and have vanished from local knowledge The pre-colonial literature of the Philippines
was marked by your ancestors’ daily observations about life, explanations, for natural
phenomena, and beginnings of rituals. These also function as an explanation for society and
culture as they know it to be.

MODULE COVERAGE
The learner:
1. Identify the geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions of Philippine literary history
from precolonial to the contemporary

MOTIVATION

ACTIVITY 1: In your own words . Define Philippine Precolonial Literature to Spanish

Colonial Philippine Literature. Do this on Worksheet 1.

LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the lesson, the learner will be able to:
1. Identify the geographic , linguistic , and ethnic dimensions of Philippines literary history
from the pre-colonial era to the contemporary.
2. Value the contributions of local writers to the development of regional literary traditions.
3. Differentiate the various 21st century literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres
or periods citing their elements, structures, and traditions.
4. Explain the literary, biographical , linguistic , and sociocultural contexts, and discuss how
they enhance the text’s meaning and enrich my understanding.

INSTRUCTION/ DELIVERY: LECTURE

Philippine Precolonial Literature

Most of what have been transcribed now are taken from oral literature, which means that
these stories have been passed on from one generation to another. Most of that which survived
are epics and folklores . Here are their descriptions and other forms of literature that were passed
on by the early Filipinos to today’s generation

1. Proverbs- are pratical observations and philosophy of everyday life that are written
usually in a rhyming scheme . it is obviously meant to entertain while teaching basic
skills in surviving local life. In Flipino , these are called Salawikain .

Here are some examples:

o Kung ano ang puno, siya ang bunga.

( Whatever the tree , so is the fruit )
 o Kung walang tiyaga , walang nilaga.
( if you don’t persevere , you can expect no reward.)
2. Riddles - are like proverbs with one main difference : they demand an answer and are
used to test the wits of those are listening to them. Riddles ( bugtong ) are the battle of
wits , whre locals young and old join and//or watch to see who is the smartest.

Here are some examples:

o Heto na si Kaka , bubuka- bukaka.( here comes Kaka, walking

with an open leg .) = GUNTING
o Sa araw ay bungbong , sa gabi ay dahon . ( Roll in the morning ,
leaf in the afternoon .) = BANIG

3. Folksongs – are beautiful songs that are informal expressions of our ancestors’
experiences in life. These range from courtship.

Here are some examples :

o Harana or serenade
o To lullabies
o Harvests
o Funerals

4. Tales - are stories of origin for certain places , their names, and their creation. These are
also known as myths and legends. They usually are used to explain certain events or
phenomena in our ancestors’lives that cannot be explained by the limited practical kind
of science they knew back then .Some examples are the origin of mountains such as
Mount Makiling or Mount Arayat, or legends of great heroes like Bernardo Carpio.

5. Epics - are long –winded poems about a hero and his adventures and misadventures.it
usually tells of a male hero who is born with all the pleasing qualities that your ancestors
like in a person and who also has superhuman capabilities .This male hero is also paired
with a beautiful young maiden, whom he will fall in love with and will usually have to go
to battle for. One of the best epics of the Philippines comes from Negros, which is the
Hinilawod.

Spanish Colonial Philippine Literature

Focused on the society and culture as reflected and affected by the Catholic faith. Up
until now, this kind of influence still reigns true in Filipino society , as the Philippines is one of
the largest remaining Catholic countries in the world in terms of population.
 Filipinos still found a way to make Spanish literature their own , as shown through these
common kinds:

1. Corrido – is a legendary religious narrative form that usually details the lives of
saints or the history of a tradition.
2. Awit – is a chivalric poem about a hero , usually about a saint. It is also usually sung
and be used in religious processions.
3. Pasyon- is a narrative poem about the life of Jesus Christ, beginning from his birth
and up to his death . This is usually sung during the Lenten season. Many women
were trained before to perform the Pasyon . Nowadays, it is sung by seasoned
performers in churches nationwide.
4. Cenaculo- is the dramatization of the passion of Christ . It highlights he sufferings
and death of Jesus Christ , and it is also done during the Lenten season .

Example: San Pedro Cutud Lenten Rites – San Fernando , Pampanga, where
fervent Catholics volunteer themselves to be actually nailed to the cross to re-
enact the sufferings of Jesus Christ.

5. Moro- Moro or Comedia de Capa y Espada is a blood- and – thunder melodrama

depicting the conflict of Christians and Muslims. It is usually about the battles to the
death and the proofs of faith.
6. Carillo- is a play that uses shadows as its main spectacle. This is created by animating
figures made from cardboard , which are projected onto a white screen.
7. Tibag- is the dramatic re-enactment of St. Helena ‘s search for the Holy Cross. St.
Helena is the mother of Constantine and is oftentimes credited to have influenced her
son to be the great Christian leader he is known for today. She is also well –known to
have travelled to Syria to look for the relics of Jesus Christ ‘s cross the one that was
used in his crucifixion . It is also widely believed that she found it in the same
country.
8. Duplo or Karagatan – are native dramas that are connected to Catholic mourning
rituals and harvest celebrations.
9. Zarzuela- one of the most famous forms of entertainment back in the Spanish era.
Zarzuelas are musical comedies or melodramas that deal with the elemental passions
of human beings. A zarzuela follows a certain plot, which shows either a satirical
look at society or a begrudged life.

PRACTICE:

ACTIVITY 2: Why is it important to learn about the Precolonial literature of the

Philippines? Answer this on Worksheet 2.
 ENRICHMENT:

ACTIVITY 3: Direct to Flashdrive and read the story of “MARIA MAKILING

and answer the following questions and write your answer in your Worksheet 3.

BIG IDEA
 By studying these old folklores and myths, you are exploring your history
as a Filipino . Also, you get a chance to know yourself and the culture,
society , and family you have been raised.

EVALUATION:

ACTIVITY 4: WHAT I HAVE LEARNED SO FAR ? Answer the questions on

Worksheet 4.

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Educatio
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Batangas
Calaca Academy, Inc.
Admana St.Poblacion 2 Calaca, Batangas

WORKSHEET 1

NAME: DATE:

GRADE & SECTION:

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Module 1: Mapping our Literary Past, Present, and Future

MOTIVATION

ACTIVITY 1: In your own words. Define Philippine Precolonial Literature and

Spanish Colonial Philippine Literature. Do this on Worksheet 1.

Precolonial Literature
Spanish Colonial Philippine Literature

Student’s Signature Parent / Guardian’s Signature

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Educatio
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Batangas
Calaca Academy, Inc.
Admana St.Poblacion 2 Calaca, Batangas

WORKSHEET 2

NAME: DATE:

GRADE & SECTION:

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Module 1: Mapping our Literary Past, Present, and Future

PRACTICE: quiz

 Why is it important to learn about the Pre-colonial Literature of the Philippines?

 Student’s Signature Parent / Guardian’s Signature

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Educatio
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Batangas
Calaca Academy, Inc.
Admana St.Poblacion 2 Calaca, Batangas

WORKSHEET 3

NAME: DATE:

GRADE & SECTION:

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Module 1: Mapping our Literary Past, Present, and Future

ENRICHMENT: ass

MARIANG MAKILING
(as retold by Gat . Jose P. Rizal in Northern Luzon)

What distinctive values did Mariang Makiling story show ? How can you apply
these values in your life as a student?
 Student’s Signature Parent / Guardian’s Signature

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Educatio
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Batangas
Calaca Academy, Inc.
Admana St.Poblacion 2 Calaca, Batangas

WORKSHEET 4

NAME: DATE:

GRADE & SECTION:

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Module 1: Mapping our Literary Past, Present, and Future

EVALUATION: practice

WHAT HAVE I LEARNED SO FAR?

1. How different and similar are the situations of your ancestors back then to your situation
right now ? Are these still values that you can learn from them that you can apply in your
life?
2. How was the literature during the Spanish era differed from the literature during the
precolonial era? Which era do you think has been able to exert its influences the most in
contemporary Philippine society?

Student’s Signature Parent / Guardian’s Signature