Module No.

1
First Semester-First Quarter

GRADE 11- ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT

Name of the Learner: _________________________ Section: ___

Prepared by:
Miss Roselyn P. Talon

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 CURRICULUM CONNECTIONS
Content Standards
The learner recognizes that communicative competence requires understanding of speech
context, speech style, speech act and communicative strategy.

Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC)

Explain the functions, nature and process of communication.

Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)

1. I can define communication.
2. I can identify elements of communication
3. I can illustrate and explain the nature and process of communication.

A. Life Performance Outcomes (LPOs)

LPO1: Mindful, Self-directed LEARNER and ROLE MODEL

I am a mindful, self-directed learner and role model, consciously expressing my faith.
LOP3: Credible, Responsive COMMUNICATOR and TEAM PLAYER
I am a credible, responsive communicator and team player, building harmonious
community through active collaboration.

B. Essential Performance Outcome (EPO)

EPO1: Accurately and idiomatically use globally understood English to express and write
ideas, and principles on the functions, nature and process of communication that influence
my worldview and enhance my life and career as a Paulinian learner.

MODULE

Communication is essential to our life as humans. It is one of the most integral tools that we use
in receiving and transmitting ideas, signals or messages through different ways or methods for
different purposes. It has different functions that serve different purposes in our life as humans
whether it is to educate, to inform or to motivate. Communication is also a celebration of one’s
competence since it is through communication that one can gain reputation even power to excel
over others or to build rapport for a common purpose. Without communication humans cannot
function properly.

In this module, you will be directed to understanding the functions, nature and process of
communication. You will learn or notice that this module contains comprehensive discussions and
substantial activities which provide you enough knowledge and skills. Furthermore, module one
which focuses mainly on the nature and process of communication helps you learn how the
communication process goes. It discusses the elements and models of communication which help
you visualize how communication is done. Different types of communication are also introduced in
this module. Now, that you know the purpose of this self- learning module, it is now time for you
to get moving. Below are the two of the few essential questions that can be answered through the
discussion and activities found in this module:

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 How does understanding of communication help us?
 How do humans use communication?

DISCUSSION AND ACTIVITIES

Explore:

You will be directed to watch a video. Just visit this link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=Oq6Y1S7N8tI. After watching the video, you will be asked to answer the given question, “Why
one must be aware that communication is mostly a verbal world?” Write your answer on the space
provided below.
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Firm-up:

Let’s start our discussion by these questions? What is communication? How is it done? Who are the
people involved in communication? Is there a process to follow when communicating? These are
the main questions that will be answered after a series of discussions on the nature and process of
communication in this module. So let’s begin with the definition of communication. Communication
is basically defined in the following ways :

1. Communication is the transmission and reception of information between a human

source(encoder) and receiver(decoder) using a signaling system that can be in the form of
words, sounds, or gestures.

2. Communication is the sending of messages from the sender whether verbal (involves words
or texts) or non-verbal (involves sign-languages, gestures) to the receiver for a common
purpose. It involves a process to be followed for the communication 8 St. Paul School,
Barotac Nuevo, Inc. to take place successfully. Language plays a vital role in communication,
so it is imperative that both parties (the sender and receiver) have successfully codified the
given text or message for a successful communication.

Are you done studying and reading the definition of communication? In this case, most probably
you are already ready to define the meaning of communication in your own words. How do you
define it? Write your own definition of communication below. Use the space provided for your
answer. Limit your answer to only 2-3 sentences.
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1. Communication is a human activity.

Communication is at the heart of all human activity. It allows us to
build relationship and rapport, clarifies uncertainties, connects
boundaries and regulates communities. Communication is a
process that human beings do because we are gifted with the word
of mouth that enables us to clearly express ourselves for whatever
purposes we have in life. Also, communication is a human
engagement whether it takes place within ourselves (intrapersonal communication) when
we pray or when we try to have a self-reflection, between two people (interpersonal

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 communication) through a dialogue or a conversation, or among several persons (group
communication) or between one person and a big group of people (public communication).

2. Communication is a complex process

Communication is a complex process which means it is a series of dynamic activities- a cycle
of actions and reactions that produce something or that lead to a particular result.
Communication as a process is always ongoing and changing Seiler,1988; Hybels and
Weaver,2009; Wood,2009) and it is not a simple step of hearing “something” and reacting
arbitrarily to the given stimulus. Stimulus refers to the signals or messages sent either verbal
or non-verbal. In addition, communication becomes complex because it involves
interpretation of messages sent which calls for a parallel knowledge of both the sender and
the receiver in the given subject or topic for the communication to be successful.
Commonality of knowledge of the given subject is very important otherwise the other party
which is usually the receiver might fail to assimilate or take in the message being sent. If
this happens breakdown in communication occurs.

3. Verbal and Nonverbal Communication.

As a student you are often confused of the differences between verbal and non -verbal
communication. You might wonder what makes verbal communication different from
nonverbal communication. You might also further ask yourself of the examples of verbal and
nonverbal communication. Now, to clearly lead you to better understanding of the differences
and the examples of verbal and non-verbal communication, go down to the explanation
below.

Take a look at the examples of verbal communication and how it differs from non-
verbal communication below.

Verbal Communication is the use of sounds and words to express yourself, different from using
body languages, gestures or mannerism which refers to non-verbal communication. Verbal
communication can be in two forms: oral and written communication.

Oral communication includes listening and speaking skills where a speaker has to speak
while the listener has to listen. This mode of communication can be done through a face to
face interaction with a person or a group, or through an electronic means such as telephones
or cell phones, video conferencing, or any other means or medium of communication.
Conducting a seminar where a speaker is speaking or talking in front of a group of people in
one place, having a class in zoom with a lot of participants or students, doing lectures,
teaching in class, delivering speeches in front of a big audience, and presenting business
proposal are examples oral communication.

Written communication is sending and receiving messages through written symbols, such
as language. It uses traditional pen and paper or electronic gadgets such as the computer,
tablets, and laptop and takes the forms of letters, e-mails, SMS, private messages or text
chats, memos, reports, proposals, and printed advertisements. This type of communication
needs reading and writing skills.

Non- verbal communication is a communication which is done through gestures or mannerism,

body languages, facial expressions, body movements and a lot of more where words are the used.
Non-verbal communication is a form of communication, but verbal communication is still favored
over non-verbal when it comes to its effectiveness when it is used appropriately.

4.Audio and Visual Communication may also have described in terms of the media used: audio
or visual or audiovisual. Audio communication primarily uses sounds to communicate or any form
of transmission that is based on hearing; while visual communication uses aids such pictures,
drawings, illustrations, and graphic organizers like charts and tables. Audio and visual media
usually reinforce oral and written communication, but they can also communicate by themselves
together. Charts and tables, for example, present a synthesis of a laborious explanation of the
data, clarify relationships between variables, and describe phenomena. Also, the advertisements

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on billboards that you see along highways are examples of visuals that send strong messages to
the public. The response (feedback) of the people that see them completes the cycle of
communication since the reaction of the public, whether positive or negative will undoubtedly be
gathered by the media personnel who produced the ad and will be used as input in the preparation
or revision of their advertisement. This input will trigger another cycle of communication. Now, we
are done discussing the difference between verbal and non-verbal communication.

Let us think about it!

How does written communication become part of verbal communication? Explain your
answer in three (3) sentences.
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The Communication Process

In a very simple term, the communication process happens this way:

In a given context, the sender converts his or her thoughts into signals such as words (usually
using the mouth).

The sender sends the signals (speaks) through a channel (such as air).

As the signals are sent through the channel, there is some noise (anything that reduces the
quality of the signals such as when words cannot be heard clearly.

The receiver hears the signals using his ears.

The receiver converts the signals into thoughts.

The receiver sends feedback by becoming the sender.

Note that the communication process can be a one way or two-way process. For one communication
to be a one-way process, the listener or the receiver of the message must not give his direct
feedback either verbally or non-verbally. Whereas for the two-way process, the listener gives his
direct feedback to the speaker and the communication will go on depending on its flow.

Now that you know the process of communication, the next step that we have to take into
consideration is knowing the elements that compose the process of communication. Normally, we
have five basic elements of communication: sender, message, medium also called channel, receiver
and feedback. These elements of communication work together to produce a system.

Five Basic Elements of Communication

1. Sender - The communication process begins with the

sender, who is also called the communicator or source.
The sender has some kind of information — a
command, request, question, or idea — that he or she
wants to present to others. For that message to be
received, the sender must first encode the message in
a form that can be understood, such as by the use of a
common language or industry jargon, and then
transmit it.

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 2. The Receiver - The person to whom a message is directed is called the receiver or the
interpreter. To comprehend the information from the sender, the receiver must first be able
to receive the sender's information and then decode or interpret it.
3. The Message - The message or content is the information that the sender wants to relay
to the receiver. Additional subtext can be conveyed through body language and tone of voice.
Put all three elements together — sender, receiver, and message — and you have the
communication process at its most basic.
4. The Medium - Also called the channel, the medium is the means by which a message is
transmitted. Text messages, for example, are transmitted through the medium of cell
phones.
5. Feedback - The communication process reaches its final point when the message has been
successfully transmitted, received, and understood. The receiver, in turn, responds to the
sender, indicating comprehension. Feedback may be direct, such as a written or verbal
response, or it may take the form of an act or deed in response (indirect).

Finally, you are done studying and learning discussion on the elements, nature and process of
communication. Please bear in mind to digest all the learnings that you got from the discussion
above. It is now time to further widen your knowledge and test how much you ingested the
discussion of the lesson that we have in this session.

REFERENCES:

 Book:
o Peña and Anudin (2016) Oral Communication.Vibal Group Inc.
o Fernandez and Suarez (2016) SPEAC (SPEAK AND LISTEN IN CONTEXT) an oral
communication textbook for Senior High School.
o Merriam Webster,2015

 Website:
o Photo in the cover page: CegQIABAA&oq=oral+communication+animation&gs
o Photo in deepen:https://www.e-education.psu.edu/emsc302/node/583
o Photo in transfer:https://www.google.com/url? sa=i&url=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.
o Photo in firm-up:https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-communication-process-
1689767(Elements of communication)

 Video:
o Video in explore: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oq6Y1S7N8I

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