Oral Communication

In Context 11
(Unit 1. Understanding the Communication Process)

Prepared by:
MARTIN DAVE R. ENOPEQUIS
SHS Teacher
Module 1
Nature and Elements
of Communication
 Lesson Objectives
At the end of the lesson the learners
should be able to:
• Defines communication
• Explains the nature, elements and types of
communication.
Motivation
What is your idea/insight
when you heard the word,
“COMMUNICATION” ?
 What is Communication?
• Communication is a process of conveying messages
or information from one person to another within
and across channels, contexts, media, and cultures.

• Simply, a process by which information is

exchanged between individuals through a common
system of symbols, signs or behaviour.
Nature of Communication
• Communication is a process.
• Communication occurs between two or more
people.
• Communication can be expressed through
written or spoken words, actions (nonverbal), or
both spoken words, nonverbal actions at the
same time.
Elements of
Communication
 Communication is divided into elements which
helps us better understand its mechanics or
process. These elements are the following:

Speaker/Sender Receiver
Message Feedback
Encoding Context
Channel Barrier
Decoding
 Speaker/Sender
• The one who convey the message or
information. The sender/speaker also
known as the encoder decides on the
message to be sent, the most effective way
that it can be sent.
 Message
The content of the communication.
This is also the subject matter of the
communication, this may be an
opinion, attitude,, feelings, views,
orders, or suggestions.
Encoding
Since the subject matter of communication
is theoretical and intangible, its further
passing requires use of certain symbols
such as words, actions, or pictures etc.
Conversion of subject matter into these
symbols is the process of encoding.
Channel
The channel is responsible for the
delivery of the chosen message form.
The information is transmitted to the
receiver through certain channels
which may be either formal or
informal.
Decoding
The person who receives the message
or symbol from the communicator
tries to convert the same in such a way
so that s/he may extract its meaning to
his/her complete understanding.
Receiver
The person who receives the message
or from whom the message is meant
for. It is the receiver who tries to
understand the message in the best
possible manner in achieving the
designed objectives.
Feedback
Feedback is the process of ensuring that
the receiver has received the message
and understood in the same sense as
sender meant it.
Context
The context of any communication act is
the environment surrounding it. This
includes, among other things, place, time,
event and attitudes of sender and
receiver. Simply saying, it is where the
conversation takes place.
Barriers
There are many barriers in the process of
communication. These barriers may occur
at any stage or moment of conversation
which may lead to your message becoming
destroyed or distorted, and you therefore
risk wasting both time and/or money by
causing confusion and misunderstanding.
Common Barriers Example
to Effective Communication
 Differences in perception and viewpoint.
 The use of jargon.
 Lack of attention, interest, distractions, or irrelevance
to the receiver.
 Language differences and the difficulty in
understanding unfamiliar accents.
 Physical disabilities such as hearing problems or
speech difficulties.
Types of Communication
• Intrapersonal Communication
- Intrapersonal communication can be
defined as communication with one’s self, it
involves self-talk or simply talking to
yourself, acts of imagination, visualization,
and even recall of the memory.
• Interpersonal Communication
– it involves talking to one or a limited
number of people.
According to Dyad, an interpersonal
communication is a communication between
two people
Small Group – is an interpersonal
communication between three or more people.
• Public Communication
- Involves communicating to a wide
group of people with very varied
traits, background, interests and
persuasions.
• Intercultural
- Involves communicating with person
of group of people who may not share
same assumptions, values allegiances
as that of yours and may have different
associations with the symbols you take
for granted for having a particular
meaning.
Generalization

Is teaching Oral Communication in

Context skills essential?
Definitely, YES! Teaching Oral
Communication in Context skills is one of
the abilities that we need to develop and
enhance to help the students/learners
become accurate and fluent in attaining
effective communication. It will help
them a lot choosing their career and
become an effective communicator.
 Evaluation:

Get ½ Crosswise
Drill A. TRUE or FALSE. Write True if the statement is correct
and FALSE if the statement is incorrect. (1/2 Crosswise)

__________ 1. Communication is the exchange of information

between a sender and a receiver.
__________ 2. In organizations, only top managers are sources of
messages.
__________ 3. Telephone communication is the richest medium.
__________ 4. Feedback is the receiver's response to the sender's
message.
__________ 5. The computer industry is an example of a profession
that has developed its own jargon.
__________ 6. The terms verbal communication and oral
communications are interchangeable.
__________ 7. A good listener refers to the message in the following
sequence: hear, interpret, understand and respond.
__________ 8. Communication must include a verbal component.
__________ 9. Encoding is the process of converting a message into
symbols that people will understand.
__________ 10. The main advantage of written communication is that it
provides a permanent record of a message.

Drill B. ESSAY. Explain!

  How will you attain/achieve effective communication?
Activity. (1 whole sheet of paper)
Discuss briefly.
• Do you think oral communication is an essential
subject? Why or why not?
• How would you describe good/effective
communication?
• Can culture, gender, nationality or social

class have an effect on communication?