Communication Processes,

Principles and Ethics

PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
 Communication

“common” “communico”

belonging to confer
to many with others
It is the mutual exchange of information, ideas and
understanding by any effective means.
Communication is a process by which people
send messages or exchange thoughts with one
another in a verbal or non-verbal manner.
“Communication is a two-way street.”
 sender

feedback message

ELEMENTS OF
receiver COMMUNICATION medium

noise channel

context
 Principles and
Characteristics of
Communication
 Communication is schemata driven

• The theory states that all knowledge/data is

organized into units. Each unit is a schema.
Within each schema information is stored – this
information can pertain to anything.
• Schemata are the cornerstones for our knowledge
and decisions, without them quick thinking
wouldn’t be possible.
• Transmitted messages become understandable or
meaningful because of your background
knowledge about the messages.
 Communication is an interpretative act

The sender has the absolute knowledge

about his/her message therefore the role of
the receiver is just to interpret, infer, or
guess the meaning of things appealing to
his sense of hearing.
Communication does not guarantee a direct
or automatic link between two minds

This form of knowledge becomes

meaningful only to others when you initiate
to communicate with them.
Communication is active, powerful or forceful

• It is active because it engages speakers

and listeners in action of giving and
receiving information.
• It is powerful and forceful for it elicits
different meanings or reactions.
 Communication is symbolic

• Symbols, signs or marks

like letters, words,
sentences graphs, pictures
and other concrete objects
represent or stand for ideas
that you intend to convey
verbally.
• For non-verbal
communication, you resort
to bodily actions.
 Communication always results in
something
It is impossible for any person
communicating not to get any response or
reaction at all from his listeners
Communication is irreversible

You are free to talk about anything

under the sun, but once you utter
something, the things you have said
remain as it is susceptible to different
interpretations or meanings.
 Communication is contextual

Communication also takes into

consideration the time, place, topic,
occasion, purpose and manner of
communication.
 Communication is
developmental or progressive
• To communicate ideas is to go through
the different stages of language learning
that begins from birth to elementary, high
school, and college levels.
• It is not a one time learning towards
communicative competence.
 Communication is a process

Several stages of communication take

place when people exchange or share ideas
with one another. Each stage involves
elements with different functions.
 Communication is ethical

Any communication event is expected to apply

rules, moral values and beliefs agreed upon by
societal members and cultural group you belong
 Communication is influenced by
media and technology
• You are in the era of “knowledge
explosion” or modern technology.
• Using modern electronic communication
devices, an exchange of ideas occurs just
in seconds or minutes regardless of the
distance between or among the
participants.
 Flow of Communication

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