Philippine College of Health Sciences, Inc.

College of Medical Technology

Name: Monillo, Mariel Date & Time of Submission: 8/29/2021 1:30 PM

Student Id No:

Laboratory Exercise # 1

1. Cite the detailed steps of Handwashing.

1. Wet hands with water.

2. Apply enough soap to cover all hand surfaces.
3. Rub hands together in a circle.
4. Put one palm on top the other hand and rub soap up and down.
5. Put palms and fingers together and rub soap up and down.
6. Put fingers of both hands together and rub soap up and down.
7. Clean thumbs by rubbing each one around several times with the other
palm.
8. Clean both palms by rubbing soap around palm with fingers of the other
hand.
9. Rinse hands with water.
10. Dry hands completely using a single use towel.
11. Use towel to turn off faucet and throw it away
12. Your hands are now clean.

2. How do we properly remove soiled gloves?

1. Grasp the outside of one glove at the wrist. Do not touch your bare skin.
2. Peel the glove away from your body, pulling it inside out.
3. Hold the glove you just removed in your gloved hand.
4. Peel off the second glove by putting your fingers inside the glove at the
top of your wrist.
5. Turn the second glove inside out while pulling it away from your body,
leaving the first glove inside the second.
6. Dispose of the gloves safely. Do not reuse the gloves.
7. Clean your hands immediately after removing gloves.
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3. What are the types of Safety Hazards?

BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS: Associated with working with animals,

people, or infectious plant materials. Work in schools, day care facilities, colleges
and universities, hospitals, laboratories, emergency response, nursing homes,
outdoor occupations, etc. may expose you to biological hazards.
PHYSICAL HAZARDS: Are factors within the environment that can
harm the body without necessarily touching it.
CHEMICAL HAZARDS: Are present when a worker is exposed to any
chemical preparation in the workplace in any form (solid, liquid or gas). Some are
safer than others, but to some workers who are more sensitive to chemicals, even
common solutions can cause illness, skin irritation, or breathing problems.
ERGONOMIC HAZARDS: Occur when the type of work, body positions
and working conditions put strain on your body. They are the hardest to spot since
you don’t always immediately notice the strain on your body or the harm that these
hazards pose.
WORK ORGANIZATION HAZARDS: Hazards or stressors that cause
stress (shortterm effects) and strain (long-term effects). These are the hazards
associated with workplace issues such as workload, lack of control and/or respect,
etc.

4. How do we properly dispose biological waste?

1. Determine whether the biological waste is Category 1 or Category 2.
Category 1 biological waste includes any human-derived
biological or substance known, assumed, or suspected of
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being infectious to humans, plants, or animals before

treatment that may cause harm to the general public if
released into the environment. Category 1 biological
waste also includes any material contaminated with the
aforementioned infectious substances and all items
containing or contaminated with human blood or fluids.
All Category 1 biological waste must be treated by
autoclave or with an appropriate chemical disinfecting
agent such as bleach prior to pickup.
Category 2 biological waste, also known as "look-alike
waste", is non-infectious and includes material such as
animal tissue, fluids, cell cultures and Petri dishes not
fitting the Category 1 description. Category 2 waste does
not require treatment.

2. All solid biological waste, including sharps containers, must be placed into
a cardboard box provided by REM. The box should be taped shut once it is
full. Do not overfill the box; the box flaps should easily fold down onto the
top of the box.
3. A REM technician will come to your lab and remove the waste. The
technician will leave behind the same number of boxes that were removed
from the lab. It is the responsibility of the lab personnel to construct each
new box.

5. How do we pack and label Category B infectious substances?

An infectious substance which does not meet the criteria for inclusion in
Category A. Infectious substances in Category B shall be assigned to UN 3373. NOTE:
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The proper shipping name of UN 3373 is “BIOLOGICAL SUBSTANCE,

CATEGORY B”

6. Draw the triple-packaging system and label its parts.

7. What is the purpose of a Chemical Hygiene Plan?

 Philippine College of Health Sciences, Inc.
College of Medical Technology

The principal focus of the WPI Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) is

that of a written plan capable of protecting laboratory workers from health
hazards associated with hazardous chemicals, and keeping exposures below the
Permissible Exposure Levels (PEL), as published and enforced by OSHA as a legal
standard.

8. How do we properly dispose radioactive waste?

Storage and disposal of radioactive waste is
strictly regulated. All radioactive waste must be transferred to Environment, Health &
Safety (EH&S) for disposal.

 Separate all wastes by isotope and physical form.

o Note: EH&S considers uranium and thorium compounds such as nitrates and
acetates to be radioactive. However, they should be contained separately from other radioactive
wastes.
 Designate a specific location for the storage of radioactive waste.
o Post the area and label each collection container with a RADIOACTIVE warning
symbol.
o Use appropriate shielding where applicable.
o Give special shielding consideration to high-activity or high-energy isotopes such
as orthophosphate. Notify EH&S when generating this type of waste.

 Attach a completed hazardous waste tag to each container in the radioactive waste
storage area.
 Keep containers closed, except when material is being added. Make sure the
container and bag exteriors are free of contamination.
 Request hazardous waste collection when you're ready for a waste pick up.
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o Note: When you have high-activity or high-energy isotopes, note this in the
"Other" field on the Request Hazardous Waste Collection form (if you're not using the Online
Waste Tag Program), so the hazardous waste technician can bring appropriate shielding.

9. Answer this case study:

The serology supervisor who has been working for the last 20 years in a small rural
hospital is training a new employee. A dilution of a patient’s serum must be made
to run a particular test. The supervisor was having difficulty using a serological
pipette, so she removed one glove.
In uncapping the serum tube, a small amount of serum splashed onto the
workbench. She cleaned this up with a paper towel, which she discarded in the
regular paper trash.
She also spilled a small amount onto her disposable lab coat. She told the new
employee that since it was such a small amount, she wasn’t going to worry about
it, and she continued on to pipette the specimen. She then replaced the glove onto
her ungloved hand and said that since it was almost break time, she would wait to
wash her hands until then. Please identify all the safety violations involved.

 Gloves should always be worn whenever contact is possible with

blood, all body fluids and substances (except sweat), broken skin, or
mucous membranes. Wear gloves when touching any item or area that
may be contaminated. Don't touch uncontaminated items with
contaminated gloves.
 Blood and body fluids (Regulated medical waste). Treated with
bleach or autoclaved and put down the sanitary sewer.
 Certain biological waste can be disposed of as non-biohazardous/ non-
infectious waste, if approved in writing by Biological Safety. The waste
must have been decontaminated by autoclave, chemical disinfection or
other appropriate decontamination method. If the treatment of choice is
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a validated decontamination procedure, the waste will be labeled as

"non-biohazardous/non-infectious" and can go as regular trash. 
 Use of the sanitary sewer reduces the chance for leaks or spills during
transport and reduces disposal costs. Biological liquid waste can be
poured down the drain (sanitary sewer), under running water after it has
been decontaminated by autoclave or chemical means. Human or
animal blood and body fluids do not need to be disinfected before being
poured down the drain. The sink should be rinsed well and disinfected if
necessary, after the disposal procedure.
 If the lab coat is contaminated, it should be decontaminated by
autoclaving before being placed in the laundry. If decontamination is not
possible and since it is disposable, any contaminated coat should be
placed in the biohazard waste container.
 Disposable gloves shouldn’t be washed or reused.
 Safe glove removal includes: grasping one glove at the top of your wrist,
being careful not to touch bare skin. Peel this glove off, away from your
body, turning it inside out. Hold that glove you just removed in your
gloved hand. Insert non-gloved hand into the cuff of the glove at the top
of your wrist. Turn this glove inside out while tilting it away from your
body. Dispose of the gloves – do not reuse.
 R.A. No. 5527