RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology

Department of Architecture

Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter contains the information and methods used in the

research. This chapter also deals with the research design, population and

sample of the study, instruments, data collection procedure and statistical

treatment of the data which are used to identify some techniques to the

aspects of the proposed project.

Research Method and Design

Research design is a set of techniques and methods used to collect

and analyze data that are defined to address the research problem, while

the research method is a systematic plan to collect and analyze the

necessary data. The descriptive survey method was used as a primary

method to present the data which helped give an informative approach

towards the study. In survey method research, participants answer

questions administered through interviews or questionnaires. After

participants answer the questions, researchers describe the responses

given. In order for the survey to be both reliable and valid it is important

that the questions are constructed properly. Questions should be written

so they are clear and easy to comprehend. Both qualitative and

quantitative designs were applied to the interview and survey, respectively.

Population Frame and Sampling Scheme

MODERNO: Lifestyle Center and Vertical Residences in Quezon City

A Modern and Biophilic Architecture Approach
Page 1
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology
Department of Architecture

A purposive sampling was done and used the residents of Quezon

City as the respondents. The Quezon City has over 2.9M residents based

on the National Statistics Office of the Philippines and National Statistical

Coordination Board. By applying Slovin’s Formula, the study will have a

total of 400 respondents.

Description of the Respondents

The proposed project is committed to the users, residents,

employees, tourists, and investors. The main respondents of this research

are the residents and employees that are working in the City of Quezon

and the business man and investors to provide the schemes of the

proposed project.

Research instruments used

Research instruments were materials used to gather the information

necessary in the proposed project. Using these instruments, the researcher

was able to understand the problem and come up with a design solution.

The Survey is where the researcher is capable in gathering and

obtaining information from large samples of population. Surveys also well

suited to gathering demographic data that describe the composition of the

sample. A survey research method is adopted to address the research

questions, using the questionnaire as the main instrument. Survey data

was thus obtained through pre-determined questions that were made

through “Google Forms” using internet as a medium.

MODERNO: Lifestyle Center and Vertical Residences in Quezon City

A Modern and Biophilic Architecture Approach
Page 2
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology
Department of Architecture

The Interviews is where the researcher specifically used the

structured type of interview which the researcher gave a set of ready

questionnaire to ask the respondent about the specific kind of problem,

because of this the researcher able to gain fact about the specific

problems. The validity of the Interview is proven because persons who are

interview are the one who’s an expert or authorized person regarding a

specific field.

Data Gathering Procedures

There are different gathering procedures that were used by the

researcher as a guide to handle this chaotic data mining, the following are

the basic procedures used:

Data Mining

One of the procedures was to gather data from the specific

departments, government offices and some trusted sites from the internet.

Existing and other related case studies from those concerned departments

helped the research to be more concrete by means of legit information from

those departments and offices.

Interviews

One of the benefits that the researcher got from this process was it

can actually gather raw and reliable data direct from subjects. The oral

investigation that the researcher presented to the residents, employees,

government officials of Quezon City and tourists was the face to face and

online interviews.

MODERNO: Lifestyle Center and Vertical Residences in Quezon City

A Modern and Biophilic Architecture Approach
Page 3
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology
Department of Architecture

Observation

An analysis of embodied lived experience before empirical data are

collected via self-inspection and reflection of own experience. This is

considered necessary as all empirical data are regarded as being

reductions and objectifications.

Surveys

This procedure is as important as the other procedures, it is a way to

gather more data and information that is necessary to the proposed project.

The researcher provided a questionnaire to address the research questions

that is related to the study and distributed it online. This form of method is

capable of collecting information from large population of sample and this

method is also convenient for the researcher and the respondent.

Existing Data

The researcher will use existing data, case studies and other related

projects that are necessary and can be used in the study like books,

journals, magazines, internet and other mediums in collecting data.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The data was tabulated and solved using the mean, median, mode

and slovin’s formula to determine the sample population size that the

project will cater.

Slovin’s Formula

A sampling was done to gather the survey results of the project. The

slovin’s formula was used to determine the number of respondents of the

MODERNO: Lifestyle Center and Vertical Residences in Quezon City

A Modern and Biophilic Architecture Approach
Page 4
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology
Department of Architecture

survey. This statistical formula was used to get the numbers of sample from

Quezon City (source: National Statistics Office of the Philippines and

National Statistical Coordination Board) and is used to narrow down the

number of the respondent’s population.

The population of Quezon City was used as the N and a margin of

error of 5% was used. The total number of population is 2,936,116.

Applying to the formula below, the result of which the researcher needs to

survey is 400 respondents within Quezon City.

Formula: n = N / (1+Ne2)

Where:

n is the sample size

N is the population size

e is the margin of error

N = 2,936,116 / population of Quezon City (2015)

e = 5%

n = N / (1+Ne2)

n = 2,936,116 / (1+2,936,116 * 0.052)

n= 399.9 or 400 respondents

Mean Formula

MODERNO: Lifestyle Center and Vertical Residences in Quezon City

A Modern and Biophilic Architecture Approach
Page 5
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology
Department of Architecture

Mean formula implies average and it is the sum of a set of data

divided by the number of data. Mean can prove to be an effective tool when

comparing different sets of data.

Where:

∑ represents the summation

X represents observations

N represents the number of observations

Median Formula

Median is the middle value when the data is arranged in numerical

order. It is another effective tool to compare different sets of data,

If the total number of observations (n) is an odd number, then the formula

is given below:

If the total number of the observations (n) is an even number, then the

formula is given below:

Mode Formula

MODERNO: Lifestyle Center and Vertical Residences in Quezon City

A Modern and Biophilic Architecture Approach
Page 6
 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology
Department of Architecture

Mode formula is the value that appears the most. A given set of data

can contain more than one mode, or it can contain no mode at all.

MODERNO: Lifestyle Center and Vertical Residences in Quezon City

A Modern and Biophilic Architecture Approach
Page 7