STTP SHEMA Semester 3 Lecturer: Charlen A Kosakoy S.

MG

5 Jenis Teks Bahasa Inggris

1. Narrative Text

Jenis teks yang satu ini akan kamu temukan saat sedang membaca cerita legenda
atau dongeng. Narrative text berisikan tentang suatu cerita yang menghibur dan rangkaian
peristiwanya saling terhubung. Ciri-ciri dari teks ini adalah menggunakan action verb dalam
bentuk past tense dan menggunakan adjective yang membentuk noun phrase.

Lalu struktur yang digunakan adalah:

1. Orientation (pengenalan)
2. Complication (konflik)
3. Resolution (pemecahan masalah)
4. Reorientation (kesimpulan)

Dari sisi tata bahasa, tenses yang digunakan di dalam narrative text adalah past
tense, kecuali untuk dialog. Narrative dan recount text memang hampir mirip. Keduanya
sama-sama menceritakan kejadian di masa lampau dan sama-sama menggunakan past
tense (simple past tense, simple past continuous tense, atau past perfect tense. ) Yang
membedakan adalah narrative text berupa dongeng, legenda, folklore. Sedangkan
recount text biasanya berupa biography, atau untuk menceritakan pengalaman pribadi.

Hal yang membedakan antara narrative dan recount text adalah struktur teksnya. Di
dalam narrative text menceritakan konflik yang terjadi sedangkan di recount text, tidak
ada konflik yang terjadi.

Berikut contoh narrative text untuk membantu latihan membacamu.

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STTP SHEMA Semester 3 Lecturer: Charlen A Kosakoy S.MG

The origin of Surabaya

Once upon a time, in the northern part of East Java, there lived a scary giant
crocodile. He was the ruler of the river and a predator who was feared by all the animals
in the forest near the river.The name of the crocodile was Baya. He was very good at
hunting, so all of the animals in the jungle were afraid of him. Baya lived in a river. In the
sea, there lived a wild shark named Sura. He ruled the sea, and every fish were scared of
him. However, Sura felt bored because he ate fish every day. He was curious about the
river near the sea.

One day he decided to go to the river. At the side of the river, there was a deer that
was drinking water. Sura felt hungry, so he swam silently to the edge and jumped out to
catch the deer. Sura was happy to get such delicious food. After eating the deer, Sura
became addicted. The next day, he hunted back on the river and got a lot of food. After a
couple of days, Baya became suspicious because it was harder and harder for him to find
prey. He started investigating what was happening. When Baya saw Sura catched a little
monkey in the river, Baya became angry. “Hey Sura, what are you doing here? This is my
territory. How dare you snatch my prey.” Sura was not afraid of Baya – he challenged Baya
to a fight. “Hey, I can look for food anywhere I want. It’s not just your territory here. All
animals are free to look for food here. ”

Finally, a fight could not be avoided, and the fight began. Because both of them
were strong, the fight was very long. For days, all of the animals in the forest were disturbed
by the fight. They couldn’t sleep. Finally, the two wild animals were exhausted. No one
won, and no one lost, because both of them were equally strong.”Sura, we better end this
fight. I’m too tired.” “So am I, Baya. Okay, let’s end this battle.” “Sura, first, we need to
limit our hunting area. The end of the river is the limit. Don’t you break the line, or you will
feel the consequences.” “Okay Baya, I accept this agreement.” Sura finally left the river
and returned to the sea. For months, the forest calmed down. There were no fights between
Sura and Baya, but Sura felt uneasy. He longed to eat deer meat like before. There were
a lot of fish in the sea, but it wasn’t enough for him . He couldn’t bear it, so quietly, he
swam toward the mouth of the river, “Ah, if I look for prey near the river’s mouth, Baya

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STTP SHEMA Semester 3 Lecturer: Charlen A Kosakoy S.MG

won’t know because he lives further up the river.” Unfortunately, no prey approached the
mouth of the river. Sura was tired of waiting. Finally, he swam up the river toward the
forest. Sura wanted to go back to the jungle again.

The plan was successful, and for months Sura hunted in the river without being
discovered. Over time, Baya became suspicious because again, his prey was reduced. But
this time he didn’t see Sura on the river. But he believed, this was Sura’s doing. “Hmmm,
this must be Sura! Watch out, Sura!” Then, Baya prepared plan. Baya found a deer but
didn’t catch him right away. Instead, he hurt the deer’s leg so he couldn’t run away. The
deer was placed on the edge of the river, then Baya hid. A short time later, Sura swam up
the river and saw the injured deer. He felt excited because the deer was fat. “Wow, lucky
me! Today, I’ll have a feast! Na na na na.” Just as he was about to bring the deer to the
sea, suddenly Baya confronted him . “Hey! You sure are stubborn and shameless Sura!
How greedy are you? Imagine, the fish in the sea are abundant, but you are still hunting
in my area.” “Hey Baya! If you want, you can hunt in the sea. I don’t forbid you.” “Hmm,
I don’t like fish, and I especially can’t stand the sea water.” “Well, it’s okay if you don’t
want it. At least I have offered it to you.” Sura answered lightly and dragged the deer to
the sea. Baya got angry, then attacked Sura. “Hey! Where do you think you’re bringing
that deer?” “To the sea! I’ll eat it there.” “Bring the deer here, I caught it to trap you.”
“Well, it’s your fault you didn’t eat the deer yourself.” “You forgot our agreement? This
river is my territory!” “Hey, if there is water, there is me! This agreement is ridiculous.”
“Okay, then our agreement is cancelled. Now, the strongest one has the right to rule this
area.”

Finally, Baya attacked Sura, a fight couldn’t be prevented. This time it was even
more exciting, no one dared to approach the area of the fight. “Ah! Hiya!” “Grr” Sura
always dodged his attacks, and Baya became annoyed. When Sura was off guard, Baya
managed to bite his tail. “Ouch, my tail!” Sura did not want to lose. Both of them were in
pain and seriously injured. However, Baya did not despair, he continued to bite until Sura’s
tail was cut off. Sura was in so much pain, he ran away leaving Baya towards the sea.
Since then, Sura has not dared to approach the river. And since he no longer had a tail,

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STTP SHEMA Semester 3 Lecturer: Charlen A Kosakoy S.MG

he couldn’t swim as hard as he once had, “Argh it’s so painful, oh my!” To commemorate
the fierce fight, the area where the two animals fought was called Surabaya, and the name
remains to this day.

2. Procedure Text

Kamu sering melihat tutorial memasak? Kalau begitu procedure text sudah tidak asing
lagi bagi kamu. Teks ini adalah jenis teks yang menjelaskan dan membantu kita dalam
membuat atau menggunakan sesuatu. Untuk tahu jenis teks ini sangatlah mudah karena dari
judulnya saja sudah dapat terlihat. Biasanya ketika ada tulisan 'how to make' atau 'how to
use' sudah pasti ini adalah procedure text.

Stuktur dari teks ini terdiri dari tiga, yaitu:

1. Goal/ Purpose of the text (tujuan)

2. Material atau Ingredient (bahan)
3. Step (langkah)
Berikut contoh procedure text untuk membantu latihan membacamu.

How to make a sandwich

You need:
 2 slices of bread
 peanut butter
 banana
 honey
What you should do are:
 Take 2 slices of bread
 Spread peanut butter
 Cut up a banana onto small slices and put them on one of the slices
 Pour some honey over the bananas
 Put the other slice of bread on top

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STTP SHEMA Semester 3 Lecturer: Charlen A Kosakoy S.MG

3. Descriptive Text

Lalu jenis teks berikutnya adalah descriptive text. Teks ini memberikan informasi serta
menggambarkan suatu hal apapun itu seperti manusia, hewan, tumbuhan, dan benda mati
secara detail. Saat membaca teks ini, secara otomatis kamu bisa langsung membayangkan
apa yang dimaksud dalam teks tersebut. Descriptive text menggunakan simple present
tense karena banyak berbicara tentang fakta. Selain itu, jika menggunakan banyak kata sifat
dan kata kerja penghubung.

Kalau untuk struktur, teks ini hanya memiliki 2, yaitu:

1. Identification (identifikasi)
2. Description (deskripsi)
Berikut contoh descriptive text untuk membantu latihan membacamu.

MY FAVORITE ROOM

My favorite room in the whole world is my own bedroom in my parents’ house.

It has everything that I want in this life: a comfortable bed that faces a wide
window on the east side of the room. So, when I wake up in the morning and swipe the
window curtain, the light of sunrise enters the room little by little, creates a beautiful
silhouette and warms the whole room. On the right corner of room near the window,
there’s a study desk that was once my father’s. Next to that desk, there’s a white
wardrobe where I put all of my clothes.

In front of the wardrobe, at the other side of the room, there’s a yellow bookshelf
where I put half of my book collection. I choose the collor yellow so it matches the collor
of my bedroom wall. Next to the bookshelf, I have a dressing table. And next to that
dressing table is where I put my guitar. It’s a fifteen-year-old guitar but it still sounds
great and I love it so much.

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STTP SHEMA Semester 3 Lecturer: Charlen A Kosakoy S.MG

4. Report Text

Report text seringkali disamakan dengan descriptive text. Kedua teks tersebut tentunya
berbeda. Jika descriptive text menjelaskan sesuatu secara detail dan berdasarkan opini
penulis, maka report text memberikan deskripsi secara umum dan ditulis berdasarkan fakta
ilmiah yang ada.

Karena sifat dari teks ini adalah menjelaskan secara umum, kamu akan lebih sering
menemukan general nouns dibandingkan particular nouns. Lalu teks ini juga menggunakan
istilah-istilah teknis.

Sama seperti descriptive text, struktur dari report text ini hanya terdiri dari 2, yaitu:
1. General Classification (klasifikasi umum)
2. Description (deskripsi)
Berikut contoh report text untuk membantu latihan membacamu.

Venice

Venice is a city in northern Italy. It is the capital of region Veneto. Together with
Padua, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area. Venice has been known
as the “Queen of the Adriatic”, “City of Water”, “City of Bridges”, and “The City of Light”.
The city stretches across 117 small islands in the marshy Venetian Lagoon along the
Adriatic Sea in northeast Italy.

Venice is world-famous for its canals. It is built on an archipelago of 117 islands

formed by about 150 canals in a shallow lagoon. The islands on which the city is built are
connected by about 400 bridges. In the old center, the canals serve the function of roads,
and every form of transport is on water or on foot.

You can ride gondola there. It is the classical Venetian boat which nowadays is
mostly used for tourists, or for weddings, funerals, or other ceremonies. Now, most
Venetians travel by motorized waterbuses (“vaporetti”) which ply regular routes along the
major canals and between the city’s islands. The city also has many private boats. The only

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STTP SHEMA Semester 3 Lecturer: Charlen A Kosakoy S.MG

gondolas still in common use by Venetians are the traghetti, foot passenger ferries crossing
the Grand Canal at certain points without bridges.

You can see the amusing city’s landmarks such as Piazza San Marco, Palazzo
Contarini del Bovolo, Saint Mark’s Cathedral or villas of the Veneto. The villas of the
Veneto, rural residences for nobles during the Republic, are one of the most interesting
aspects of Venetian countryside. They are surrounded by elegant gardens, suitable for
fashionable parties of high society. The city is also well known for its beautiful and romantic
view, especially at night.

5. Recount Text

Jenis teks yang satu ini adalah untuk menceritakan. Berbeda dengan narrative text,
recount text memiliki tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengalaman masa lalu dengan cara
menceritakan kembali kejadian tersebut secara berurutan. Biasanya jika teks tersebut tentang
pengalam liburan, bertemu dengan idola, atau hal- hal yang berkaitan dengan masa lalu
maka itu disebut sebagai recount text.

Teks ini ditulis menggunakan simple past tense, past continous tense, past perfect
tense, dan past perfect continous tense. Selain itu juga menggunakan temporal
sequence dan action verb.

Struktur yang digunakan dalam teks ini ada 3, yaitu:

1. Orientation (pengenalan)
2. Event (peristiwa)
3. Reorientation (kesimpulan)
Berikut contoh recount text untuk membantu latihan membacamu.

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STTP SHEMA Semester 3 Lecturer: Charlen A Kosakoy S.MG

Holiday in Korea

I spent my last summer holiday in Seoul, South Korea. I went there with my friends

On the first day, I was landed at Incheon Airport around 7 AM after a 6 hours long
flight. Then I went to Seoul by train and checked in to the hotel I already booked. I decided
to take a rest for a while. At night, I went to Hongdae, a famous district in South Korea. I
went to eat traditional Korean food. On the next day, I went to the Gyeongbokgung Palace
and National Museum. I also went to learn how to make Kimchi and see the scenery of
Seoul from Seoul Tower. I went back to the hotel at 10 PM and immediately went to sleep.

I spent my last day in Myeongdong and bought some stuffs and souvenirs for my
family and friends. I also ate the street food there. I went to the airport at 3 PM because
my flight was at 5 PM. I had a fantastic experience in South Korea and made wonderful
memory with my friends. It was a great trip.