You are on page 1of 6

Available online at www.sciencedirect.

com

ScienceDirect
Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 1103 – 1108

:RUOG0XOWLGLVFLSOLQDU\&LYLO(QJLQHHULQJ$UFKLWHFWXUH8UEDQ3ODQQLQJ6\PSRVLXP
:0&$86

2OGDQG1HZ±WKH&RPSOH[3UREOHPRI,QWHJUDWLQJ1HZ)XQFWLRQV
LQWR2OG%XLOGLQJ
,RDQ$QGUHHVFXD 9ODG*DLYRURQVFKD0DULXV0RVRDUFDD
a
Politehnica University of Timiúoara, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Traian Lalescustr, nr. 2/A, 300223,
TimiЮoara, Romania

$EVWUDFW

7KHQHFHVVLW\WRDGGUHVVERWKKLVWRULFDODQGLQGXVWULDOEXLOGLQJVLQRUGHUWRDGDSWWKHPWRQHZIXQFWLRQVSURGXFHGWZRGLVWLQFW
DSSURDFKHV)LUVW±WKH³DXJPHQWDWLYH´DSSURDFKLVXVHGIRUWKHLQQHUFLW\EXLOGLQJV1HZYROXPHVZHUHDFFRPPRGDWHGLQWRWKH
DYDLODEOH VSDFHV LQ RUGHU WRDYRLG LQWHUYHQWLRQV LQVLGH WKH H[LVWLQJ VWUXFWXUHV 7KH QHZ VWUXFWXUHHQDEOHG WKH DYRLGDQFH RI WKH
VWUXFWXUDOXSJUDGHVVLPSO\FRQQHFWLQJWKHQHZDQGROG6HFRQG±WKH³HQYHORSLQJ´DSSURDFKXVHGIRUWKHLQGXVWULDOEXLOGLQJVD
'RYHUODSSLQJVWUXFWXUHLV³FRDWLQJ´WKHH[LVWLQJEXLOGLQJEHLQJDQFKRUHGGLUHFWO\RQLWVVWUXFWXUH7KHQHZHQYHORSHLV³KROORZ´
DFFRPPRGDWLQJQHZIXQFWLRQV,WDOVRRIIHUVDQHZLGHQWLW\WRWKHEXLOGLQJ
‹7KH$XWKRUV3XEOLVKHGE\(OVHYLHU/WG
© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
3HHUUHYLHZXQGHUUHVSRQVLELOLW\RIWKHRUJDQL]LQJFRPPLWWHHRI:0&$86
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of WMCAUS 2016
Keywords: KLVWRULFEXLOGLQJVLQGXVWULDOEXLOGLQJVQHZIXQFWLRQVQHZYROXPHVRYHUODSSLQJVWUXFWXUH

 ,QWURGXFWLRQ

$UFKLWHFWXUDOILUP$QGUHHVFX *DLYRURQVFKL>@LVRSHUDWLQJLQ7LPLVRDUDDW\SLFDO&HQWUDO(XURSHDQWRZQ
VLWXDWHGLQWKH:HVWHUQWLSRI5RPDQLD7KHEDFNERQHRIWKHXUEDQIRUPFRQVLVWVRQZHOOGHILQHGKLVWRULFDOGLVWULFWV
;9,,,WK WR PLG ;;WK FHQWXU\  FRQWDLQLQJ KLVWRULFDO EXLOGLQJV ZKLFK KDYH VXUYLYHG SHULRGV RI QHJOHFW ,W LV WKH
FRQVLVWHQWIDEULFRIWKLVXUEDQWLVVXHZKLFKJLYHV7LPLVRDUDLWVXQLTXHLGHQWLW\>@%HVLGHDIHZGR]HQVRIPRQXPHQWDO
EXLOGLQJVWKHEXONRIRXUXUEDQKHULWDJHFRQVLVWVDYHUDJHKLVWRULFEXLOGLQJVVWLOOLQXVHWRGD\DQHVVHQWLDOSDUWRIRXU


&RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU7HO
E-mail address:LRDQDQGUHHVFX#XSWUR

1877-7058 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of WMCAUS 2016
doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2016.08.513
1104 Ioan Andreescu et al. / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 1103 – 1108

GD\WRGD\DPELHQWH>@$URXQGWKHKLVWRULFGLVWULFWVWKHUHDUHFRQVLVWHQWPLG;;WKFHQWXU\KRXVLQJHVWDWHVEXLOW
DURXQGWKHUHPQDQWVRIPRGHUQLQGXVWULDOEXLOGLQJVGLVSOD\LQJFRPSHWHQWPRGHUQVWUXFWXUHV±PRVWO\FRQFUHWH
$IWHUWKHHFRQRPLFDQGVRFLDOFKDQJHVEURXJKWIRUZDUGDQHZDSSURDFKDGDSWLQJH[LVWLQJVWUXFWXUHVWRQHZ
IXQFWLRQVRIILFHVSDFHUHWDLOFRQIHUHQFHFXOWXUDO7KHUHFRQYHUVLRQRIWKHH[LVWLQJEXLOGLQJVDSSOLHGGLIIHUHQWO\WR
WKHKLVWRULFDODQGWKHLQGXVWULDOEXLOGLQJV

7KHWZRDSSURDFKHVWRLQWHUYHQWLRQLQH[LVWLQJEXLOGLQJV

2XUH[SHULHQFHKLJKOLJKWHGWZRGLVWLQFWDQGFRPSOHPHQWDU\DSSURDFKHV

2.1. The "augmentative” approach

)LUVW±WKHDXJPHQWDWLYH´DSSURDFKXVHGPDLQO\IRUWKHLQQHUFLW\KLVWRULFEXLOGLQJV)RUWKLVNLQGRIEXLOGLQJV
WKHFRQVHUYDWLRQRIERWKWKHRULJLQDORXWORRNDQGRIWKHDXWKHQWLFPDWHULDOVLVDFXOWXUDOSULRULW\&RQVHUYLQJRQO\WKH
RXWHUVKHOOLVDQH[WUHPHRSWLRQZKLFKZHDYRLGHG
%DVLFDOO\QHZVXSSOHPHQWDU\DQGWHFKQLFDOVSDFHVDUHDFFRPPRGDWHGLQWRQHZYROXPHVLQVHUWHGLQWKHDYDLODEOH
RSHQLQWHUVWLWLDORUUHVLGXDOVSDFHVDYRLGLQJVWUHHWYLVLELOLW\:KHQUHTXLUHGVOLJKWWUDQVSDUHQWYROXPHVDUHSURYLGHG
LQRUGHUWRDFFRPPRGDWHVXFKVSDFHVDVDWULXPVDQGDXGLWRULXPV±LQRUGHUWRDYRLGPDVVLYHLQWHUYHQWLRQVLQVLGHWKH
H[LVWLQJVWUXFWXUHV
7LPLVRDUDLVDVHLVPLFDUHDDQGRQHRIWKHPDLQEHQHILWVRIFUHDWLQJQHZVWUXFWXUHVLVWRHQKDQFHWKHROGEXLOGLQJV
UHVSRQVHWRKRUL]RQWDOIRUFHVE\FRQQHFWLQJWKHPWRWKHQHZRQHVRUWRSDUWVRIWKHQHZVWUXFWXUHV±DWULXPVYHUWLFDO
WXEHVHWF2IIHULQJVSHFWDFXODUVSDWLDOH[SHULHQFHVRIWKHLQQHUVSDFHWKHVHQHZYROXPHVDUHDOVRRIIHULQJUHOLDEOH
VROXWLRQVWRVRPHFRQWUDGLFWRU\SUREOHPVFRQVHUYLQJWKHRULJLQDOVXEVWDQFHRIWKHKLVWRULFEXLOGLQJXSJUDGLQJWKHLU
VHLVPLFEHKDYLRXURIIHULQJQHZVSDFHVDQGIXQFWLRQDOYROXPHV



)LJ+RWHO6DYR\± D WKH³DUWGHFR´YLOOD E 9LOODDWULXPDQGWKHQHZZLQJ F YLHZRIWKHDWULXP

$PRQJWKHPRVWLQWHUHVWLQJSURMHFWVLQWKLVFDWHJRU\DUH+RWHO6DYR\ )LJD UHDOL]HGLQDQG³&KULVWLDQ


<RXWK&HQWHURIWKH2UWKRGR[$UFKLHSLVFRSDWH´ SURMHFW >@
7KH ³6DYR\ +RWHO´ SURMHFW ZDV LQWHQGHG WR WUDQVIRUP DQ ³DUW GHFR´ XUEDQ YLOOD IURP WKH ODWH ¶V )LJ E 
RYHUORRNLQJWKHULYHUIURQWLQWRDKLJKFODVVDFFRPPRGDWLRQ7KHYLOOD¶VFDSDFLW\WRDFFRPPRGDWHURRPVZDVOLPLWHG
ZLWKRXWPDVVLYH±DQGSRWHQWLDOO\GHVWUXFWLYHLQWHUYHQWLRQVVRDQHZYROXPHZDVDGGHG%HWZHHQWKHROGEXLOGLQJ
Ioan Andreescu et al. / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 1103 – 1108 1105

DQGWKHQHZDGGLWLRQDWUDQVSDUHQWVWHHODQGJODVVDWULXPZDVLQVHUWHGRIIHULQJWKHVSDWLDOH[SDQVHDQGUHTXLUHGLQQHU
FRQQHFWLRQV
7KHDWULXPZDVHQGRZHGZLWKDUROHRIVWUXFWXUDOVHLVPLFVXSSRUWIRUWKHH[LVWLQJEXLOGLQJEXW±WKHVWUXFWXUDO
HQJLQHHU GHFLGHG WR HQKDQFH DOVR H[LVWLQJ YLOOD¶V KRUL]RQWDO FDSDELOLW\ E\ SRXULQJ FRQFUHWH LQWR FKLPQH\V DQG WKH
VWLIIHQLQJRIWKHH[LVWLQJIORRU )LJF 
´6DYR\+RWHO´LVDJRRGH[DPSOHRIWKH³DGGLWLYH´DSSURDFK±DQGLWVDGYDQWDJHVSUHVHUYLQJWKHRXWORRNRIWKH
KLVWRULFEXLOGLQJLWVVXEVWDQFHDQGRIIHULQJHIILFLHQWDQGVSHFWDFXODUQHZVSDFHV



)LJ7KH³&KULVWLDQ<RXWK&HQWUH´7LPLVRDUD± D 7KH³<RXWK&HQWUH´YLHZ E 7KHVWUXFWXUDOFRQQHFWLRQEHWZHHQWKHYLOODDQGWKHQHZ
ZLQJ F 7KHQHZZLQJ±JDUGHQYLHZ

7KH ³&KULVWLDQ <RXWK &HQWHU RI WKH 2UWKRGR[ $UFKLHSLVFRSDWH´ )LJ D  UHSUHVHQWV D VLPLODU DSSURDFK EXW WKH
FRPSOHPHQWDULW\ EHWZHHQ WKH SURSRVHG DQG WKH QHZ EXLOGLQJV LV VXSHULRU 7KH 5HVLGHQFH DQG PDLQ RIILFHV RI WKH
³2UWKRGR[ $UFKLHSLVFRSDWH´ DUH RFFXS\LQJ WZR DGMDFHQW EXLOGLQJV LQ WKH EHVW SUHVHUYHG UHVLGHQWLDO GLVWULFW RI WKH
¶V¶VLQ7LPLVRDUD7KHWKLUGVWUHDPOLQHG³DUWGHFR´YLOODVLWXDWHGRQDSDUDOOHOURZZDVERXJKWUHFHQWO\
LQRUGHUWRDFFRPPRGDWHWKH³<RXWK&HQWHU´$QHZODQGVFDSHGDUHDZLOOFRQQHFWWKHWKUHHYLOODVVLWXDWHGDWWKHWLSV
RIWKHWULDQJOHZLWK;9,,,WKFHQWXU\ZRRGHQFKXUFKWUDQVODWHGLQWKHFHQWHU
7KHVWUDWHJ\ZDVWRDFFRPPRGDWHERWKDQDXGLWRULXPDQGWKHWHFKQLFDODQGFLUFXODWLRQVSDFHVRIWKH&HQWUHLQWRD
VLQJOHYROXPHDEOHWRVWUXFWXUDOO\VXSSRUWWKHH[LVWLQJEXLOGLQJ )LJE DQGWRIRUPDQHOHJDQWEDFNJURXQGWRWKH
ZRRGHQFKXUFK7KHWHFKQLFDODQGDX[LOLDU\VSDFHVZHUHSODFHGEHQHDWKWKHDXGLWRULXPDQGFDPRXIODJHGE\DEHQGLQJ
RIWKHWHUUDLQWKHKHLJKWRIWKHDXGLWRULXPZDVPDLQWDLQHGEHQHDWKWKHULGJHRIWKHFKXUFK¶VURRIDQGLWVPDLQIDoDGH
ZLOOGLVSOD\DVWDLQHGJODVV )LJF %HWZHHQWKHDXGLWRULXPDQGYLOODDIODWYHUWLFDOFRQFUHWHWXEHZLOO³HPEUDFH´
WKHH[LVWLQJVWUXFWXUHSURYLGLQJDOVRFRQQHFWRUVDWWKHOHYHORIWKHIORRUEHDPV

2.2 The “enveloping ”approach

7KHVHFRQGDSSURDFK´7KH(QYHORSLQJ´LVXVHGPDLQO\IRUWKHPLG;;WKFHQWXU\LQGXVWULDOEXLOGLQJVHPEHGGHG
LQWRWKHZRUNLQJFODVVHVWDWHVQRWIDUIURPWKHKLVWRULFFHQWUH
7KRVH OLJKW LQGXVWULDO EXLOGLQJV HUHFWHG LQ WKH V DQG V  KDYH FRQFUHWH VWUXFWXUHV RIIHULQJ DERYH WKH
DYHUDJH VSDQV  P  DQG JRRG IOH[LELOLW\ 7KH VWUXFWXUH LV WKH RQO\ WKLQJ WKDW LV FRQVHUYHG 7KHVH W\SHV RI WKH
VWUXFWXUHVZHUHQ¶WGHVLJQHGDFFRUGLQJWRVHLVPLFSURYLVLRQV,QRUGHUWRHQVXUHDJRRGGXFWLOLW\ULJLGLW\DQGEHDULQJ
FDSDFLW\UHTXLUHGIRUWKHVHLVPLF]RQHLQZKLFK7LPLVRDUDLVSODFHGWKHVWUXFWXUHVZHUHFRQVROLGDWHGE\LQWURGXFLQJ
UHLQIRUFHGFRQFUHWHRUVWHHOWXEHVLQWKHFHQWUDO]RQHDQGLQWKHFRUQHUVRIWKHEXLOGLQJ%\SODFLQJULJLGWXEHVLQWKHVH
SRVLWLRQVWKHJHQHUDOWRUVLRQHIIHFWRIWKHEXLOGLQJLVUHGXFHG
7KH ´(QYHORSH´ LV D FRPSOH[ ZHOO GHYHORSHG ' VWUXFWXUH DQFKRUHG DQ H[LVWLQJ VWUXFWXUH DQG FRPSOHWHO\
RYHUODSSLQJLW7KHQHZHQYHORSHLVSDUWLDOO\´KROORZ´LWDFFRPPRGDWHVYDULRXVIXQFWLRQVPHFKDQLFDOLQVXODWLRQ
FLUFXODWLRQOLJKWLQJGRXEOHJOD]LQJRUHYHQDQHZIORRU,WRIIHUVDFRPSOHWHO\QHZLGHQWLW\WRWKHH[LVWLQJYROXPHLQ
FRRUGLQDWLRQZLWKWKHDOWHUDWLRQRIWKHLQQHUVWUXFWXUH:HPD\VD\WKDW\RXSXWDQHZ³IOHVK´RQWKHH[LVWLQJ³ERQHV´
7KHQHZEXLOGLQJFRQVHUYHVWKHIRRWSULQWRIWKHIRUPHULQGXVWULDOIDFLOLW\7RJHWKHUZLWKWKHPRGLILHGH[WHULRUVSDFHV
LWKDVDFRQVLGHUDEOHLPSDFWRQLWVVXUURXQGLQJEDFNJURXQG,WLVYHU\RSSRVLWHDSSURDFKWRZDUGVWKH´DXJPHQWDWLYH´
1106 Ioan Andreescu et al. / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 1103 – 1108

RQH7KHPRVWGLVWLQFWLYHSURMHFWVLQWKLVFDWHJRU\DUH´*DOOHULD´VKRSSLQJHPSRULXP  DQG´7KH5HJLRQDO


)UHLJKW5DLOZD\+HDGTXDUWHUV´  ERWKLQ7LPLVRDUD



)LJ*DOOHULD7LPLVRDUD± D (QWUDQFHYLHZ E 6WUXFWXUHDQGHQYHORSH F ,QQHUYLHZ

7KH´*DOOHULD´ )LJD VWUXFWXUHLVEDVHGRQWKHVWUXFWXUHRIIRUPHUIRRGSURFHVVLQJSODQWVLWXDWHGDWWKHQRUWK


HGJHRIWKHFLW\FHQWHU
7KH FRQFUHWH VWUXFWXUH ZDVXSJUDGHGXVLQJFDUERQ ILEHU PHVK LQRUGHU WR VDWLVI\ WKH DQWLVHLVPLF UHTXLUHPHQWV
ZLWKRXW EHFRPLQJ PDVVLYH )RXU FRPSDFW FRQFUHWH WXEHV GLVSRVHG LQ WKH FRUQHUV RI WKH VWUXFWXUH ± FRQWDLQLQJ
HYDFXDWLRQVWDLUVDUHWDNLQJRYHUWKHKRUL]RQWDOWKUXVW>@7KHFRPSOHWH´(QYHORSH´LVDVHOIVXSSRUWLQJPXOWLOD\HUHG
VWUXFWXUHFRQWDLQLQJDOOWKHPHFKDQLFDOGHYLFHVRIWKHHPSRULXP )LJE 7KHIURQWLVFODGGHGLQGDUNPHVKIRUPLQJ
WKH EDFNJURXQG IRU WKH VSHFWDFXODU ORJR RI WKH HPSRULXP WKH ODWHUDOV DUH FODGGHG LQ ELFRORXUHG EDFNOLJKW
SRO\FDUERQDWHVXJJHVWLQJDZKLWHEOXHEDUFRGHDGLUHFWUHIHUHQFHWRWKHIXQFWLRQRIWKHVSDFH,QFRQWUDVWWRWKHIDoDGH
WKHLQWHULRULVOLJKWDQGDLU\ZLWKVN\OLWDWULXPVDQGZDWHUPLUURUV )LJF &RQVHUYLQJWKHROGSODQW¶VVWUXFWXUHKDG
DSRVLWLYHLQIOXHQFHRQWKHFRVWDQGVFKHGXOHWKHLQWHUDFWLRQEHWZHHQ´WKLFN´HQYHORSHDQGWKHQHZLQWHULRUOHGWRD
QHZVSDWLDODQGYLVXDOH[SHULHQFH
7KH³5HJLRQDO)UHLJKW5DLOZD\¶V+HDGTXDUWHUV´ )LJ   LVPRUHFRPSOH[SURMHFW7KHRULJLQDOEXLOGLQJZDV
DZRUNHUV¶FDQWHHQRIWKHIRUPHUHOHFWULFIDFWRU\HPEHGGHGLQVLGHDKRXVLQJHVWDWHRIWKHODWHV7KHSRVLWLRQ
RIIHUHGDGLUHFWYLHZWRWKHPDLQERXOHYDUG7KHVSDWLDOUHTXLUHPHQWVRIWKH³+HDGTXDUWHUV´ZHUHFRPSOH[RIILFHV
PHHWLQJURRPVFRQIHUHQFHURRPVFDIHWHULDVDQGDFFRPPRGDWLRQ7KHDWULXPZDVFDUYHGLQWKHFHQWHURIWKHYROXPH
VXSSRUWHGE\DVWHHOVWUXFWXUHFRQWDLQLQJWKHPDLQVWHHODQGJODVVVWDLUV7KHWXEHRIIHUHGWKHQHHGHGUHVLVWDQFHWRWKH
KRUL]RQWDOIRUFHVDQGWKHVXSSRUWIRUDVSHFWDFXODU³IO\LQJURRI´>@
,WDOVRSOD\VWRJHWKHUZLWKWKHZDWHUPLUURUDQLPSRUWDQWUROHDVDFOLPDWHFRQWUROGHYLFH )LJ 7KH³(QYHORSH´
LVFRPSOH[OLNHDPDVVLYHOLGH[FDYDWHGLQWKHPLGGOHRILWVKRUL]RQWDOSDUWFRQWDLQLQJDVXSSOHPHQWDU\RIILFHVIORRU
RUJDQL]HGDURXQGWZRLQQHUFRXUW\DUGVVXUURXQGLQJWKHDWULXP¶VWXEH7KHIURQWDOSDUWRYHUORRNLQJWKHERXOHYDUGZDV
GHVLJQHGDVDGRXEOHJOD]LQJIDoDGHWKHODWHUDOVZHUHWUHDWHGDVUHJXODUGRXEOHOD\HUHGIDFDGHV7KHEXLOGLQJ¶VRXWORRN
DQGXUEDQLPSDFWZHUHUDGLFDOO\LPSURYHG

Ioan Andreescu et al. / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 1103 – 1108 1107

)LJ³5HJLRQDO)UHLJKW5DLOZD\+HDGTXDUWHUV´± D $HULDOYLHZ E 6WUHHWYLHZ F 9LHZRIWKHDWULXP

)LJ³5HJLRQDO)UHLJKW5DLOZD\+HDGTXDUWHUV´&URVVVHFWLRQWKURXJKWKHDWULXPFOLPDWHFRQWURO D VXPPHU E ZLQWHU

&RQFOXVLRQV

7KH SURFHVV RI UHFRYHULQJ WKH H[LVWLQJ VWUXFWXUHV LQ RUGHU WR DGDSW WKHP WR QHZ IXQFWLRQV LV FRPSOH[ DQG
FRQWUDGLFWRU\±LWKDVPRWLYDWLRQVUHODWHGWRVXVWDLQDELOLW\DQGGHQVLILFDWLRQEXWDWWKHVDPHWLPHLWLVUHODWHGWRWKH
FXOWXUDODQGFRPPXQLW\YDOXHV
6RPHWLPHVWKHOLPLWVEHWZHHQUHFRYHULQJH[LVWLQJVWUXFWXUHVDQGSXUHFRQVHUYDWLRQDQGRUUHVWRUDWLRQDUHYHU\WKLQ
,QWKHODVW\HDUVWKHHFRQRPLFIDFWRUEHFDPHGRPLQDQWLQWKLVNLQGRIRSHUDWLRQVIRUREYLRXVUHDVRQV
$ GLVWLQFWLRQ KDV WR EH PDGH EHWZHHQ YDULRXV W\SHV RI EXLOGLQJV XQGHUJRLQJ IXQFWLRQDO FKDQJHV DQG VWUXFWXUDO
DOWHUDWLRQV
2QWKHRQHKDQGZHKDYHKLVWRULFEXLOGLQJVRIDFHUWDLQYDOXH QRWKLVWRULFDOPRQXPHQWV SDUWRIWKHWUDGLWLRQDO
WLVVXHRIWKHLQQHUFLW\DQGRQWKHRWKHUKDQGZHKDYHFRPPHUFLDODQGRULQGXVWULDOEXLOGLQJVRIQRSDUWLFXODUKLVWRULFDO
YDOXHEXWZHOOFRQVWUXFWHGDQGRIIHULQJDPSOHVSDFHVIRUGHYHORSPHQW
,QRXUH[SHULHQFHDFRKHUHQWRSWLPLVDWLRQSURFHVVLVQHFHVVDU\LQRUGHUWRDGDSWWRWKHFRQWUDGLFWRU\FKDUDFWHULVWLFV
RIWKHEXLOGLQJVWREHUHFRYHUHG6RZHIRUPXODWHGWKHWZRDSSURDFKHVWKH³DXJPHQWDWLYH´DQGWKH³HQYHORSLQJ´
%RWKDUHWKHUHVXOWRIDVLPLODUVWUDWHJ\RILQWHUYHQWLRQLQRSSRVLWHFRQGLWLRQVFRQVHUYLQJWKHPD[LPXPRIWKHRULJLQDO
EXLOGLQJVVXEVWDQFHDQGH[SUHVVLRQLQWKHILUVWFDVHDQGFUHDWLQJDQHZDSSHDUDQFHDQGVSDWLDOLW\E\³FRDWLQJ´WKH
LPSURYHGLQQHUVWUXFWXUHLQWKHVHFRQGFDVH
1108 Ioan Andreescu et al. / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 1103 – 1108

5HIHUHQFHV

>@,$QGUHHVFX9*DLYRURQVFKL7KH 3RVW 0RGHUQ'LDORJXHVRI$UFKLWHFWXUH(GLWXUD)XQGDWLHL$UKLWHFW'HVLJQ%XFXUHVWL


>@3,OLHVX7HPHVZDU7KHKLVWRU\RIDQHXURSHDQFLW\ LQ*HUPDQ 3ODQHWDULXP7LPLVRDUDSS
>@*&DUERQDUD$YYLFLDPHQWRDO5HVWDXUR/LJXRUH(GLWWRUH1DSROLSS
>@0+DUWD,PSDFWRIVWHHOVWUXFWXUHVLQPRGHUQDUFKLWHFWXUH3K'WKHVLV LQ5RPDQLDQ 3ROLWHKQLFD (G 
>@ 0 0RVRDUFD9 *LRQFX 5HFRQYHUVLRQ RI D GDPDJHG LQGXVWULDO EXLOGLQJ XVLQJ )53 3URWHFWLRQ RI +LVWRULFDO %XLOGLQJV 352+,7(&+
0D]]RODQL (G SS
>@ 0 0RVRDUFD9 *LRQFX  6WUHQJWKHQLQJ RI EXLOGLQJ E\ PRGLILFDWLRQ RI VWUXFWXUDO V\VWHP 3URWHFWLRQ RI +LVWRULFDO %XLOGLQJV
352+,7(&+0D]]RODQL (G SS



You might also like