STATICS OF RIGID BODIES

A . COURSE CODE / T I TLE : STATICS 2 1 3 / STATICS O F R I GID B ODIES

B . M ODULE N UMBER : M ODUL E 3 - R ESULTANT O F FORCE
SYSTEMS ( FORC ES IN SPAC E )
C . T IME F RAME : 4 T H WEEK ( 3 HO URS) - D ESCRIPTION:

D. D ES CRI PTIO N :
T H I S M O D UL E LO O KS I N TO T H E T H E P RO P ERT I ES O F A FO RC E S PA C E.
 STATICS OF RIGID BODIES

OBJECTIVES:
AT THE END OF THIS MODULE, THE LEARNER
SHOULD BE ABLE TO :
1. ESTABLISH A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE
COMPONENTS OF THE FORCE IN SPACE.
2. SOLVE PROBLEMS ON RESULTANT OF CONCURRENT
FORCE SYSTEMS IN SPACE USING COMPONENT METHOD.
Possible position of a force in space ( 1ST to 8th OCTANT )
y

3 4

2 1 x

676 5

z
 STATICS OF RIGID BODIES

F. CONTENTS:
1. RECTANGULAR COMPONENTS OF A FORCE IN SPACE
y
Cos θy = Fy / F
B C
Cos θx = Fx / F
A D Cos θz = Fz / F
Fy θy F
θx
Fx x
O
G
Fz θz Fy = F Cos θy
E Fx = F Cos θx I
z F
Fz = F Cos θz
 STATICS OF RIGID BODIES

2. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE FORCE AND ITS

COMPONENTS
y Consider the triangle BDO:
𝐹 2 = 𝐹𝑦 2 + 𝐵𝐷 2
B C
Consider triangle GFO:
𝑂𝐹 2 = 𝐹𝑥 2 + 𝐹𝑍 2
A D But for rectangle BDFO:
Fy θy OF = BD
F Therefore:
𝐵𝐷 2 = 𝑂𝐹 2 = 𝐹𝑥 2 + 𝐹𝑍 2
Fx x
O
G 𝐹 2 = 𝐹𝑦 2 + (𝐹𝑥 2 + 𝐹𝑍 2 )
Fz
E 𝑭𝟐 = 𝑭𝒙𝟐 + 𝑭𝒚𝟐 + 𝑭𝒛𝟐 II
z F
 STATICS OF RIGID BODIES

3. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ANGLES

From equation I and II:
Fx = F Cos θx
y
Fy = F Cos θy
B C Fz = F Cos θz

A D 𝑭𝟐 = 𝑭𝒙𝟐 + 𝑭𝒚𝟐 + 𝑭𝒛𝟐

Fy θy F Substitute I in II:
θx 𝑭𝟐 = (F Cos θx )𝟐 +(F Cos θy )𝟐 +(F Cos θz )𝟐
Fx x
O 𝑭𝟐 = 𝑭𝟐 Cos 𝟐 θx +𝑭𝟐 Cos 𝟐 θy +𝑭𝟐 Cos 𝟐 θ𝒛
θz G
Fz
E
𝟏 = Cos 𝟐 θx + Cos 𝟐 θy +Cos 𝟐 θz
z F Cos 𝟐 θx + Cos 𝟐 θy +Cos 𝟐 θz= 1 III
Problems: 1. A force of 500N forms angles of 60˚, 45˚ and 120˚
respectively with x, y, and z axes. Determine the components Fx, Fy and
Fz.
y
Fx = F Cos θx
Fx = 500 Cos 60 F=500N
Fx = 250 N Fy 𝟒𝟓 𝟎

Fy = F Cos θy
Fy = 500 Cos 45 Fz
Fy = 353.55 𝟔𝟎𝟎
x
Fz = F Cos θz 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎 Fx
Fz = 500 Cos 120
Fz = - 250 N z
 2. A force F has the components Fx = 20 N, Fy = - 30 N, and Fz = 60 N.
Determine the magnitude of this force and the angles it forms with the
coordinates.
y
Fx = F Cos θx
20 = 70Cos θx θy Fx = 20N x
θx = 73.4 0 θx
Fy = F Cos θy Fz = 60N
𝑭𝟐 = 𝑭𝒙𝟐 + 𝑭𝒚𝟐 + 𝑭𝒛𝟐
-30 = 70 Cos θy 𝑭𝟐 = (𝟐𝟎)𝟐 + (−𝟑𝟎)𝟐 + (𝟔𝟎)𝟐
Fy = -30N
θy = 115.38 0 z θz 𝑭 = 𝟕𝟎 𝑵
Fz = F Cos θz 𝑪𝒉𝒆𝒄𝒌:
F
60 = 70 Cos θz Cos 𝟐 θx + Cos 𝟐 θy +Cos 𝟐 θz = 1
θz = 31 0 Cos 𝟐 73.𝟒 + Cos 𝟐 115.38 +Cos 𝟐 31 = 1
𝟏= 𝟏
4. FORCE DEFINED BY ITS MAGNITUDE AND TWO POINTS ON
ITS LINE OF ACTION
Cos θy = Fy / F ; Cos θy = dy / d
y
Fy / F = dy / d
Fy / dy = F / d
Fx Fy Fx
B
◦ dx = dy = dx C
Cos θx = Fx / F ; Cos θx = dx / d
θy
Fx/ dx = F / d
Fy
F Cos θz = Fz / F ; Cos θz = dz / d
d Fz/ dz = F / d
dy Fx x
dzO dx
Fz
G Fx Fy Fz F
= = =
dx dy d𝒛 d IV
E
z F If: 𝑭𝟐 = 𝑭𝒙𝟐 + 𝑭𝒚𝟐 + 𝑭𝒛𝟐
then: 𝒅𝟐 = 𝒅𝒙𝟐 + 𝒅𝒚𝟐 + 𝒅𝒛𝟐 V
Problem:
A tower guy wire is anchored by means of a bolt A. The tension in the wire is 2500N. Determine the
components of this force exerted at the bolt A and the angles θx, θy and θz, defining the direction of
this force.
y B

80m

30m A

40m
O
x

z
 Consider particle A
Fy 2500
Fx Fy Fz F
= = = 80 = 94.34
dx dy d𝒛 d
dx = -30m
(-30, 80, 40)
y
𝑭𝒚 = 𝟐𝟏𝟐𝟎𝑵
dy = 80m B
Fz 2500
dz = 40m =
F = 2500N 40 94.34
𝒅𝟐 = 𝒅𝒙𝟐 + 𝒅𝒚𝟐 + 𝒅𝒛𝟐
𝒅 = (−30)2 + 802 + 402
𝑭𝒛 = 𝟏𝟎𝟔𝟎𝑵
80m
𝒅 = 94.34N x
A
Fx FyFz 2500
−30 = 80 = 40 = 94.34 O 30m Problem:

Fx 2500 A tower guy wire is anchored by means of a bolt A. The

=
−30 94.34 tension in the wire is 2500N. Determine the components of
this force exerted at the bolt A and the angles θx, θy and θz,
z
𝑭𝒙 = −𝟕𝟗𝟓𝑵 defining the direction of this force.
Cos θx = dx / d
Cos θx = -30 / 94.34 (-30, 80, 40)
y
θx = 108.54 𝟎 B F = 2500N
Cos θy = dy / d θy
Cos θy = 80/ 94.34 θx
θy = 3𝟐 𝟎 80m
A x
Cos θz = dz / d θz
Cos θz = 40/ 94.34 Problem:
30m
θz = 6𝟒. 𝟗𝟏 𝟎 O A tower guy wire is anchored by means of a bolt A. The
tension in the wire is 2500N. Determine the components of
this force exerted at the bolt A and the angles θx, θy and θz,
z
defining the direction of this force.