LESSON 1

Question 1. The police were baffled by the attack as there seemed to be no apparent ______ .
A design B. principle C. motive D. plot
Question 2. If you want to be sure of receivihg a copy of the magazine, I suggest you _____ an
annual subscription.
A put down B. take out C. write off D. send up
Question 3. After feeling off _______for days, Tom finally went to see his doctor.
A food B. color C. fitness D. balance
Question 4. _______ the phone rang later that night did Anna remember the appointment
A No sooner B. Only C. Not until D. Just before
Question 5. There was ________ evidence to bring charges against the man.
A insubstantial B. inferior C. ineffective D. insufficient
Question 6. The runner got a huge blister on his heel where his new shoes ______ .
A scratched B. rubbed C. scraped D. gripped
Question 7. The size of the pop-star's personal fortune was the subject of much _____ in the
press.
A doubt B. guessing C. speculation D. wonderment
Question 8. Jeremy's friends were fond of him ______ because of his generosity.
A at least B. still less C. even less D. not least
Question 9. The thick fog _____ out any possibility of our plane taking off before morning.
A ruled B. struck C. stamped D. crossed
Question 10. Looking down at the coral reef, we saw ________ of tiny, multi-colored fish.
A swarms B. flocks C. teams D. shoals
Question 11. Of all the paintings in the gallery, it was this one that really _______ my eye.
A grasped B. snatched C. caught D. seized
Question 12. She had made a firm decision and wasn't _______ by anything I said against it
A detracted B. prevailed C. induced D. swayed
Question 13. We might have to change our plans for the weekend and, _________ we'll let you
know as soon as possible.
A in case B. if so C. providing D. supposing
Question 14. I was reluctant to _____the subject because 1 thought he wouldn't want to
discuss it
A raise B. originate C, advance D. provoke
Question 15. My attempts to solve the problem only ________ to make it worse.
A contributed B. functioned C. served D. attained
Question 16. Can you tell me the ________ of these shoes?
A charge B. price C. amount D. expense
Question 17. It is too early in the _________ to expect many visitors to the town.
A term B. season C.time D. calendar
Question 18. She took up so many hobbies when she retired that she had hardly any time

A on her hands B. in hand C. at her hand D. at hand

Question 19. Please leave this space _________ on the enrolment form.
A absent B. blank C. missing D. undone
Question 20. After the flash flood, all the drains were overflowing _______ storm water.
A from B. with C. by D. for
Question 21. I would like to___ _____ Mr Fukuyama to present the trophy to the victorious
team.
A. call over B. callout C. call upon D. callup
Question 22. My neighbor is _____ ; he is always showing that he never cares about his bad
behavior.
A grim-faced B. faceless C. face-saving D. barefaced
Question 23. The teacher doled _____ the chocolates to his students for having done well in the
examinations.
A off B. on C. out D. away
Question 24. He kept his marriage a secret for years, but eventually the truth______.
A came out B. came through C. went out D. turned out
Question 25. "I call _____ you at 6 o'clock," said James.
A by B. up C. for D. in
Question 26. Many a leader ______ fallen due to pride.
A is B. are C. has D. have
Question 27. If you want a good flat in London, you have to pay through the ______ for it
A month B. car C. nose D. teeth
Question 28. Employees who have a ______ are encouraged to discuss it with the
management.
A hindrance B. disturbance C. disadvantage D. grievance
Question 29. William was as _____ as a cucumber when the harsh punishment was meted out
to him by the judge.
A cool B. cold C. placid D. impassive
Question 30. ______ of the financial crisis, all they could do was hold on and hope that things
would improve.
A Atthe bottom B. At the height C. On the top D. In the end
Question 31. Nathalie seems very tough at work. She's a different person at home, _____
A though B. although C. as though D. even though
Question 32.1 kept out of the conversation because it _____ me.
A wasn't concerned B. wasn’t concerning
C. didn't concern D. didn't concern to
Question 33. Hats like this may have been fashionable in the 60's, but now they are ________
the times.
A behind B. over C. beneath D. under
Question 34. Henry was overweight, so he went on a strict diet and _____ twenty kilos.
A missed B. lost C. failed D. fell
Question 35. He was arrested because he answered to the description of the _______ man.
A searched B. pursued C. wanted D. hunted
Question 36. Humanity has done great damage to the environment in its search for _____
materials.
A. live B. raw C. crude D. rude
Question 37. ______ , the balcony chairs will be ruined in this weather.
A. Leaving uncovered B. Having left uncovered
C. Left uncovered D. Been left uncovered
Question 38. One way to let off ______ after a stressful day is to take some vigorous exercise.
A cloud B. tension C. steam D. sweat
Question 39: Salaries have not ___________ inflation in the last few years.
A. Put up with B.taken up on C.done out of D. kept up with
Question 40. After three days in the desert, his mind began to play ______ on him.
A games B. jokes G. tricks D. fun
Question 41. It was the third time in six months that the bank had been held __________.
A over B. down C. up D. out
Question 42.1 know you didn't want to upset me but I'd sooner you _____ me the whole truth
yesterday.
A could have told B. told C. have told D. had told
Question 43. As the drug took _____ , the patient became quieter.
A effect B. force C. influence D. impact
Question 44. The dawn redwood appears __ some 100 million years ago in northern forests
around the world.
A was flourished B. having to flourish
C. to have flourished D. have flourished
Question 45. His comments _______ little or no relation to the facts and the figures of the case.
A reflect B. bear C. give D. possess
Question 46. We're having terrible weather for our holiday. I just can't _____ it for much longer.
A come up with B. fed up with C. keep up with D. put up with
Question 47. His wife is a terrible snob. She ___ almost all his friends because they have
north country accents.
A looks up to B. looks forward to C. looks out D. looks down on
Question 48. John: This grammar test is the hardest one we've ever had this semester!
Maiy: ___ but I think it's quite easy.
A I couldn't agree more B. I understand what you're saying
C. You're wrong D. I don't see in that way
Question 49. Nga is very modest, always _____ her success.
A keeping down B. turning around C. playing down D. pushing back
Question 50.1 wish you'd do the accounts. I don't have _____ for numbers.
A a head B. a mind C. the heart D. the nerve

LESSON 2

Question 1. He sent his children to the park so that he could have some _____ .
A. fresh and quiet B. quiet and peace C. peace and quiet D. fresh and peace
Question 2.1 _____ to see Chris on my way home.
A. dropped back B. dropped in C. dropped out D. dropped off
Question 3. There is_______ to be a serious energy crisis in the next century.
A. reputed B. known C, foreseen D. bound
Question 4. Another ___ will be drawn from the experiment
A, conclusion B. attention C. contrast D. inference
Question 5. In studying this planet astronomers have found that life may be possible on Mars,
the first ____ of this is that Mars has seasons, just like Earth.
A. indication B. print C. mark D. trace
Question 6. The instructor blew his whistle and __ .
A. off the runners were running B. off ran the runners
C. off were running the runners D. the runners runs off
Question 7. In the early years of the 20th century, several rebellions _______ in die northern
parts of the country.
A. turned out B. rose up C. broke out D. came up
Question 8. When he started that company, he really went _____. It might have been a disaster.
A. out on the limb B. on and off Cover the odds D. once too often
Question 9, We regret to tell you that the materials you ordered are ______
A. out of stock B. out of practice C. out of reach D. out of work
Question 10. My sister is a woman of ____ age.
A. marriage B. married C. mariying D. marriageable
Question 11. People are encouraged to take bottles to bottle-banks, and only shops in
supermarkets which use ____ packing.
A. environment-friendly B. environmental-friendly
C. environmentally-friendly D. friendly-environment
Question 12. -1 think the main problem in this area is die lack of a good bus service.
- You're right You've hit the ______ on the head
A. nail B. wall C. lips D. hand
Question 13: Jane is a very sociable girl. She likes parties and ____.
A rituals B. ceremonies C. celebrities D. celebrations
Question 14: Of the two sisters, Thuy Kieu is the ____ .
A. eldest B. elder C. eldly D. most eldly
Question 15: She is walking on the ______ . She doesn't know how to say.
A air B. road C. street D. garden
Question 16: __________ to British universities depends on examination results.
A. Admission B. Admittance C. Permission D. Permit
Question 17: When you do something you should _______
A. pay through the nose B. turn over a new leaf
C. weigh up the pros and cons D. huddle into a pen
Question 18: 45. He left the country ________ arrest if he returned.
A. in fear that B. with fear of
C. under threat of D. with threat of
Question 19: They decided to move away from the city to the countryside for the sake of the
children.
A. speaking about B. talking about C. dreaming about D. thinking about
Question 20: Did Mr. Tan _____ Hie class while Miss Fiona was ill in hospital?
A take away B. take over C. take up D. take off
Question 21: Someone who is inexperienced is ______ .
A. red B. blue C. black D. green
Question 22: Although the conditions weren't ideal for a walk, we decided to _____ a go of it
A. make B. do C. run D. carry
Question 23: In order to __________ their goals in college, students need to invest the maximum
amount of time, money, and energy in their studies.
A manage B. catch C. establish D.achieve
Question 24: She has changed so much that I didn't ________ her right away.
A. reckon B. recognize C. acknowledge D. realize
Question 25: Donald Trump has suggested he could grant legal status to millions of
undocumented immigrants who have not _______ serious crimes in what could be a major policy
shift
A. committed B. took C. served D. done
Question 26: Birth control methods have ______ women from the endless cycle of childbearing
and rearing.
A. free B. freely C. freedom D. freed
Question 27: The use of computer aids in teaching, ______ the role of teachers is still very
important
A. yet B. unless C. despite D. where
Question 28: She ran in a marathon last week but ________ after ten kilometers.
A. dropped out B. closed down C. broke up D. made up
Question 29: A huge amount of solar energy _______ the earth's outer atmosphere.
A. reach B. reaches C. that reaches D. is reached
Question 30: In China, there are still a lot of ______ families sharing the same house.
A. extent B. extension C. extended D. extensive
Question 31. David was deported on account of his expired visa. He ____ it renewed.
A. must have had B. should have had C. needn't have had D. mightn't have had
Question 32. A good leader should not be conservative, but rather ______ to new ideas.
A. receptive B. acceptable C. permissive D. applicable
Question 33. ____ individuals are those who share the same hobbies, interests, or points of
view.
A. Light-hearted B. Like-minded C. Even-handed D.Open-
minded
Question 34. The child has no problem reciting the poem; he has ______ it to memory.
A. devoted B. added C. committed D. admitted
Question 35. After several injuries and failures, things have eventually ___ ______ for Todd
when he reached the final round of the tournament.
A. looked up B. gone on C. taken up D. turned on
Question 36: The year-end party was out of this world. We had never tasted such delicious
food.
A. enormous B. terrific C. strange D. awful
Question 37: As the clouds drifted away, the pattern of the fields was clearly _______ from a
height.
A. apparent B. visible C. foreseeable D. evident
Question 38: Peter is not a modest boy since he often shows _____________ his prizes.
A. around B. up C. off D. through
Question 39: Women in some parts of the world are still struggling for _____ job opportunities
to men.
A. equal B. various C. suitable D. legal
Question 40: The manager ____ his temper with the employees and shouted at them.
A. had B. lost C. took D. kept
Question 41: Garvin is _______ a new computer application to see whether it works.
A. looking after B. putting on C. trying out D. turning up
Question 42: Terry is a very imaginative boy. He always comes ______ interesting ideas.
A, out of B. down on C. up with D. in for
Question 43: Sorry, 1 can't come to your party. I am snowed under with work at the moment
A. busy with B. free from C. relaxed about D. interested in
Question 44: A number of young teachers nowadays ______ themselves to teaching
disadvantaged
children.
A. offer B. stick C. give D. devote
Question 45: "Sorry for being late. I was _______ in the traffic for more than an hour."
A. carried on B. held up C. put off D. taken after
Question 46: She was tired and couldn't keep _____ the group.
A. up with B, up against C- on to D. out of
Question 47: The nominating committee always meet behind closed doors, lest its
deliberations become known prematurely.
A. privately B. safely C. publicly D. dangerously
Question 48: You'd better leave now if you want to arrive early for the exam. Break a ley?
A. Good luck B. Good night C. Good bye D. Good job
Question 49: ______ stay the night if it's too difficult to get home.
A. By all means B. In all C. At all costs D. On the whole
Question SO: Let me please ___ my memory before I get down to answering the questions.
A. resume B.ease C. awake D. refresh

LESSON 3

Question 1. The newspaper did not mention the ____ of the damage caused by the fire.
A. range B. extent C. amount D. quality
Question 2. It was found that he lacked the _ _______ to pursue a difficult task to the very end.
A persuasion B. commitment C. engagement D. obligation
Question 3. She's so ______; you really have to watch you say or she’ll walk out of the room.
A high and dry B. prim and proper C. rough and ready D. sick and tired
Question 4. Mr. Nixon refused to answer the questions on the ______ that the matter was
confidential.
A reasons B. excuses C. grounds D. foundation
Question 5. We can’t speed up production _______ the expense of quality.
A in B. at C. on D. of
Question 6. Humans have difficult choices to ______ about saving endangered species.
A make B. do C.give D. bring
Question 7. The Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King fought to put an end to racial ______in the
United States.
A integration B. education C. torture D. segregation
Question 8. _________ , the number of people at the first New York show equaled the entire
car population of the United States at that time.
A By design B. On purpose C. For example D. By happenstance
Question 9. I can’t walk in these high-heeled boots. I keep _______.
A falling off B. falling back C. falling over D. falling out
Question 10. Like everyone else, Sue has her ____ __ of course but on the whole, she's quite
satisfied with life.
A ups and downs B. ins and outs C. safe and sound D. odds and ends
Question 11. You will have to ____ if you want to pass the final exam.
A pull up your socks B. work miracles C. take the trouble D. keep your hand in
Question 12. It never _______ my head that such a terrible thing would happen.
A struck B. dawned C. occurred D. entered
Question 13. People are advised to_____ smoking because of its harm to their health.
A cut down B. cutoff C. cut in D. cut down on
Question 14. Mr. Peter is the big _________ in the company as he has just been promoted to the
position of Managing Director.
A bread B. meat C. cheese D. apple
Question 15. ________ to the South in the winter is a popular fact
A Where birds migrate B. Bird migratings
C. When birds migrate D. That birds migrate
Question 16. Some crimes seem to be _______ in this country than in others.
A less common enough B. much less common
C. the least common D. very less common
Question 17. It took Ted a long time to get ______ the breakup of his marriage.
A over B. across C. along with D. through
Question 18. Sarah and I ________ reserved the rooms in the same hotel. She was really
surprised to see me there.
A coincidentally B. practically C. intentionally D. deliberately
Question 19. We spent nearly 3 hours waiting outside the station, then out _________
A the star came B. did the star come C. came the star D. under
Question 20. My mother often ________ our mistakes, whereas my father is very strict and
punishes us for even the slightest one.
A neglects B. overlooks C. avoids D. passes
Question 21. Despite all the evidence, he wouldn’t admit that he was in the_________ .
A fault B. error C. wrong D. slip
Question 22.1 find mending old socks incredibly_____, that's why I always ask my mother to
do it for me.
A hilarious B. tedious C. furious D. recreational
Question 23. Children used to ____ their parents; now they are inclined to regard them as
equals.
A look up to B. watch out for C. stand up to D. come round to
Question 24. Bill Gates is probably the best known and most successful _______ in computer
software.
A pioneer B. navigator C. generator D. volunteer
Question 25. What I like about this restaurant is that there is ___ ________ parking space right
outside it.
A plenty B. ample C. expanded D.big
Question 26. Peter is working in an office. He’s a white- ______ worker.
A collar B. sleeve C. shirt D. button
Question 27. Maria will _____ charge of the advertising for the play.
A get B. make C. do D. take
Question 28. Negotiating is the process of communicating back and _______ for the purpose of
reaching an agreement
A next B. forth C. again D. from
Question 29. If you don't take a flu shot, you’re likely to ______ the flu.
A. keep up with B. go in for C. come down with D. put up with
Question 30. Although they are important, these visible expressions of culture, which are taught
deliberately and learned consciously, are only the ________of the iceberg of culture.
A. ship B. rid C. tone D. tip
Question 31. Please don't ______ a word of this to anyone else, it's highly confidential.
A breathe B. speak C. pass D. mutter
Question 32. I’m not sure my brother will ever get married because he hates the feeling of being
_________ .
A. tied in B. tied down C. tied up D. tied in with
Question 33. The entire city was ______ electricity last night - it was chaotic.
A no B. almost no C. hardly any D. without
Question 34.1 suppose I could _____ advertising.
A catch on B. get out of C. go in for D. work out
Question 35. We had to turn ____ their invitation to lunch as we had a previous appointment
A over B. out C. up D. down
Question 36. The black widow spider's notoriety is not without foundation. However, an
element of exaggeration has led to certain _____ regarding its evil nature.
A concept B. preconception C. misconception D. conception
Question 37. When confronted with a mass of __ tape, many people feel a sense of_________
powerlessness.
A red B. green C. blue D. brown
Question 38. Everyone is hoping and praying that _______ peace will eventually come to the
area.
A durable B. ongoing C. temporaiy D. enduring
Question 39. Their research into the causes of cancer promises to break the new ______ in the
field and possibly lead to a cure.
A earth B. ground C. soil D. land
Question 40. He decided to buy some chocolate kept in an _______ container for his father, a
_____ watch for his mother and a doll with _ ____ for his little sister.
A tight air; proof water; white snow B. air-tiglited; water-proofed; snow-whited
C. tight aired; proof watered; white snowed D. air-tight; water-proof; snow-white
Question 41. The match will be screened on ITV with _____ commentary by Any Gray.
A lively B. live C. alive D. living
Question 42 .There's a list of repairs as long as _______.
A a mile B. a pole C. your arm D. your arms
Question 43. He suddenly saw Sue ____ the room. He pushed his way ______ the crowd of
people to get to her.
A across; through B. over; through C. across; across D. over; along
Question 44. She _____ till the early hours listening to pop music.
A kept me up B. took me up C. hold me up D. caught me up
Question 45.1 don't know what we are going to ______________ if I lose this job.
A get by B. give away C. live on D. grow on
Question 46. All ____ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.
A what is needed B. for our needs C. the thing needed D. that is needed
Question 47. It is urgent that this letter ____ immediately.
A was posted B. posted C. be posted D. be post
Question 48. No one knows where Sam is living now. The last time that I _ _____ was about four
years ago.
A ran into him B. ran him out C. ran him down D. ran after him
Question 49. It is only recently that ballets have been based on the themes ___ ______ American
life.
A reflecting B. reflects C. is reflecting D. reflected
Question 50. As an adult I'm independent _____ my parents financially.
Aon B. with C.of D. from

LESSON 4
Question 1. They are conducting a wide ____ of surveys throughout Viet Nam.
A. collection B. range C. selection D. group
Question 2. John paid $20 for his meal, _____ he had thought it would cost
A not much as B. not so much as C, less as D. not so many as
Question 3. Make sure you __________your assignment before you go to bed
A have B. do C. take D. make
Question 4. Peter was ejected after committing five personal __________ in water sport game
yesterday.
A. mistakes B. faults C. fouls D. errors
Question 5. Toxic chemicals in the air and land have driven many species to the __________ of
extinction.
A. tip B. edge C. verge D. border
Question 6. She ran ________ an interesting article about fashion while she was reading the
newspaper.
A. after B. across C. away D. out
Question 7. We went away on holiday last week, but it rained day _ day ______ .
A in/on B. in/out C. out/in D. in/up
Question 8. In the past, British children were frequently encouraged to try _____ their
performing skills for the benefit of adults.
A on B. out C. up D. over
Question 9. She built a high wall round her garden _____________
A. in order that her fruit not be stolen B. to enable people not taking her fruit
C. so that her fruit would be stolen D. to prevent her fruit from being stolen
Question 10.1 try to be friendly but it is hard to ______ some of my colleagues.
A get on with B. watch out for C. come up with D. stand in for
Question 11. I was in two ____ about taking the flat because it is very good but the rent was
rather high.
A heads B. minds C. hands D. ways
Question 12. Of all the factors affecting agricultural yields, weather is the one __ the most _____.
A that influences farmers B. farmers that is influences
C. why farmers influence it D. it influences farmers
Question 13. John _____ knowledge from many of his life experiences to his work.
A approved B. accomplished C. appreciated D. applied
Question 14. The robbers made ________with $2,000 from die store.
A away B. down C. up D. off
Question 15. ______ 90 percent of Asia's people live in the eastern and southern parts of the
continent, which contain some of the most ____ regions in the world.
A. Most/thick-populated B. Most/thickly-populated
C. Almost/thick-populated D. Almost/thickly-populated
Question 16.1 have been looking for this book for months, and __________ I have found it
Aintheend B. intime C. attheend D.atpresent
Question 17. There's a lot more to Willie than one would think: still waters run ______.
A deep B. deeply C. deepness D. depth
Question 18. The ideas ____ to nothing because I couldn't afford to do it
A went B. came C. turned D. changed
Question 19. You can always ____ Ann to give you sound advice.
A bank of B. bank for C. bank at D. bank on
Question 20. His emotional problems _______ from the attitudes he encountered as a child, I
think.
A stem B. flourish C. root D. sprout
Question 21. The head teacher loves Literature. She __________ significance to reading classical
novels by great writers like Charles Dickens or Leo Tolstoy.
A admits B. attaches C. attributes D. plays
Question 22. They are getting married. They have just ______ the news to their friends.
A told B. informed C. broken D. had
Question 23. The computer has had an enormous _______ on the way we work.
A alteration B. change C. impression D. influence
Question 24. We've lost everything. Still, there’s no point in complaining. We'll just have to try
and make ________
A no bones about it B. a splash C. the best of a bad job D. a clean sweep
Question 25. In the future, the robot will not cost a(n) _______ and a leg.
A arm B. hand C. foot D. nail
Question 26. The African killer bees could not be handled safely, nor ______.
A their honey could be harvested B. harvested could their honey be
C. could not their honey be harvested D. could their honey be harvested
Question 27. Your argument ____ that Britain is still a great power, but this is no longer the
case.
A outlines B. presupposes C. concerns D. presents
Question 28. Our teacher told us that if we don't ________ the environment, our grandchildren
may not even be able to carry on living.
A look into B. look out for C. look after D. look for
Question 29: We are ______ a survey to find out what our customers think of their local bus
service.
A conducting B. researching C. corresponding D. investigating
Question 30. In order to grow vegetable properly, gardeners must know ___
A what die requirements for each vegetable are
B. Thatthe requirements for each vegetable
C. what are each vegetable's requirements.
D. that is required by each vegetable.
Question 31. He was given a medal in ________ of his service to the country.
A gratitude B. recognition C. knowledge D.response
Question 32. Don't let all this praise go to your ____________ .
A mind B. brain C. head D. mouth
Question 33. Six novels a year, you say? He's certainly a ______ writer.
A fruitful B. fertile C. virile D. prolific
Question 34. The company received ___________ complaints about the quality of its products.
A continual B. continued C. continuous D. continuing
Question 35. When Tet holiday comes, Vietnamese people often feel inclined to ----- their
houses.
A do up B. do through C. do over D. do in
Question 36. Could you close the window? There is a bit of a __ _________.
A current B. wind C. draught D. breeze
Question 37. Thousands of steel _________ were used as the framework of the new office block.
A beams B. girders C. stakes D. piles
Question 38. If I were you, I would take more ____ in my work.
A confidence B. pride C. dedication D. solution
Question 39. He set one alarm-clock for five o’clock and the other for five past so as to _ _____
that he did not oversleep.
A assure B. ensure C. insure D. reassure
Question 40. When Tim was eating a cherry, he accidentally swallowed the __ .
A nut B. stone C. seed D. core
Question 41. Their eventual choice of house was __ by the time Peter would take to get to the
office.
A related B. consequent C. determined D. dependent
Question 42. His _________of the safety regulations really has resulted in a number of minor
accidents.
A disregard B. unfamiliarity C. carelessness D. inattention
Question 43. When he realized the police had spotted him, the man ____ the exit as quickly as
possible.
A made off B. made for C. made out D. made up
Question 44. The government is thinking of bringing _____ a law to make it compulsory for
cyclists to wear crash helmets.
A on B. up C. in D. round
Question 45. Members of my family share the household chores; Dad is always willing to ____
a hand with cooking and washing up.
A give B. make C. put D. join
Question 46. David is a captain of the school basketball team, _____ his father before him.
A similar to B. just like C. such as D. as wellas
Question 47. This house ___a non-profit organization.
A belongs in B. belongs to C. belongs for D.belongs at
Question 48. My father is very talented and kind-hearted. I always ____ him.
A look for B. look like C. look after D. look up to
Question 49. He was arrested on the ________ on the way to the airport
A spot B. sport C. slot D. top
Question 50. She always turned her term paper in at the eleventh __________ .
A minute B. second C. hour D. time