Soil Water Resources Development and Conservation Irrigation Drainage

SOIL & WATER RESOURCES
DEVELOPMENT AND CONSERVATION,

IRRIGATION, DRAINAGE AND ALLIED
SUBJECTS
BOARD EXAM COMPILATION AND REVIEW MATERIALS

UPDATED
Prepared by: ESTEH FRANK DFE

CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY (CPU)
ILO-ILO CITY
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SOIL & WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AND
CONSERVATION, IRRIGATION, DRAINAGE AND ALLIED
SUBJECTS
(HASSANAL-BASRI)
1. The recent monsoon rains have posted a nearly uniform rainfall intensity
of 30 mm/hr over a 1,500-hectare watershed area in Central Luzon. If the
runoff coefficient is 0.15, what is the runoff in m3/sec?
a. 18.75 b. 187.5
c. 1.87 d. 1.875
2. Ratio of the dry weight of soil particles to the weight of an equal volume
of water
a. Particle Density
b. Bulk Density
c. Real specific Density
d. Apparent specific density
3. A television network is planning to air four 30-minute sitcoms namely:

“Mana-Mana”, “Okidoki”, “Tanging Ama” and “Home Along da Sea”. In how many
ways can the network arrange these sitcoms in a 7-9 pm time slot if “Mana-
Mana” should be aired third?
a. 1 b.2 c.6 d.24
4. An artesian well has a diameter of 10 cm. Under steady state condition,

what is the expected discharge (lps) if the drawdown is 2.5 m and the radius
of influence is 120 m? The aquifer’s hydraulic conductivity and thickness are
75 m/day and 4 m, respectively.
a. 7.01 lps
b. 8.01 lps
c. 9.01 lps
d. 10.01 lps
5. For rolling areas and non-uniform distribution of gages, distance factor

fixed by location of gages is used for analysis using this method.
a. Inverse Distance Ratio Method

b. Grid-Point Method
c. Isohyetal
d. Thiessen polygon
6. What is the soil erosion of 10 T/ha/yr in mm/yr? Assume that the soil
bulk density is 1.2 T/m3.
a. 0.083 mm/yr c.0.83 mm/yr

b. 8.33 mm/yr d.80.33 mm/yr
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7. Which among the elements is a major element for plant nutrition?
a. Boron
b. Chlorine
c. Nitrogen
d. Silicon
8. The process of converting water and carbon dioxide into sugar using
chlorophyll and light energy accompanied by the production of oxygen by green
plants:
a. respiration
b. oxidation
c. transpiration
d. photosynthesis
9. An irrigation engineer, in his study, was able to establish that the

irrigation requirement of crop XYZ is 6.5 mm/day. If the rootzone depth was
estimated at 2 in. on the average, what should be the design discharge of a
canal to be able to deliver the 5-day requirement of a 10-ha farm in 24
hours?
a. 31.62 lps
b. 47.62 lps
c. 57.62 lps
d. 37.62 lps
10. Total water yield from a storm for a given watershed
a. Surface runoff
b. Subsurface runoff
c. Groundwater runoff
d. Runoff volume
11. The gross application depth is 93mm to irrigate a crop with a crop
coefficient of 0.9. The reference crop evapotranspiration is 6mm/day. If the
application efficiency is 70%, the irrigation interval is.
a. 10days b.11days c.12days d.13days
12-13. An irrigation engineer is to irrigate a crop planted in furrows of

100m x 100m area. It was found out that the inflow rate is 0.5 lps per 100 m.
If he decides to have a furrow spacing of 50 cm and an application depth of
100 mm, determine:
12. The total time to irrigating the whole field.
a. 2.78 hrs c. 555.55 hrs

b. 27.8 hrs d. 2,000,000 sec
13. The time of irrigating each furrow.
a. 2.78 hrs c. 555.55 hrs

b. 27.8 hrs d. 2,000,000 sec
14. This resembles terracing in that the drainage ditches are constructed
around the slope on a uniform grade according to the land topography.
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a. Random ditch system
b. Double-main system
c. Interception or cross-slope system
d. Diversion or parallel ditch system…
15. It is the soil moisture allowable depletion of most crops.
a. 50%
b. 20%
c. 80%
d. 100%
Given the following data:

Evapotranspiration = 5 mm/day,
Percolation = 2mm/day,
Rainfall for November = 200 mm,
Effective rainfall for Nov. = 50%,
Soil Porosity = 60%,
Apparent Specific Gravity = 1.4,
Residual Soil Moisture = 15%,
Rootzone depth = 200mm,
Application efficiency = 75%,
Conveyance efficiency = 80%,
Ave. fraction of area covered = 0.5,
Dependable flow = 4.5 m/sec,
Duration of land soaking = 5 days
16. What is the net land soaking requirement?
a. 78 mm/day c. 15.6 mm/day

b. 7.8 mm/day d. 0.65 mm/day
17. Wherein the surface is rarely wet since the water is supplied from the
soil underneath
a. Sprinkler irrigation
b. Sub-irrigation
c. Drip or trickle irrigation
d. Contour-ditch irrigation
18. An internal condition of a seed or bud that prevents its prompt germinating
or sprouting under normal growth conditions:
a. dormancy
b. diffusion
c. germination
d. dominant
19. The process of moisture lost of plants through the leaves:
a. germination
b. transpiration
c. oxidation
d. flowering
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20. A natural body composed of a variable mixture of broken and weathered
minerals and decaying organic matter and when containing the proper amount of
air and water, supplies sustenance and gives mechanical support of plants:
a. fertilizer
b. soil
c. humus
d. mineral
21. A concrete lined canal is to convey water over a distance of 250 m from
the well to a tomato farm. Drop in elevation is 0.5 m over the 250 m canal
length and roughness coefficient, n, is 0.018. Estimate the bottom width of a
rectangular canal with a depth of flowing water of 0.25 m if the hydraulic
radius is equal to the area of flow.
a. b = 0.5 m
b. b = 50 m
c. b = 0.25 m
d. b = 25 m
22. The velocity of water in the canal in Problem 21 is
a. 0.62 m/sec
b. 6.2 m/sec
c. 62 m/sec
d. 0.062 m/sec
23. It involves controlled flooding from field ditches along the contour of
the land, which allows the water to flood down the slope between field
ditches without employing dikes or other means that guide or restrict its
movement.
b. Sub-irrigation
c. Level-border or basin irrigation
24. The volume of the soil sample during sampling was 85 cc and weight after
drying in the area was 130g. The volume weight of the soil is
a. 1.5 g/cc
b. 1.75 g/cc
c. 1/25 g/cc
d. nota
25. The percentage of moisture by weight in Problem 24 if the weight of the

sample before drying was 145 g.
a.12.5% b.10.5% c.9.5% d.11.5%
26. The amount of water in the soil layer of thickness 10 cm in Problem 24 is
a.1.5 cm b.1.8 cm c.2.2 cm d.0.6 cm

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27. Similar to that of tertiary canals, the main systems (main and secondary
canals) also incur losses termed as conveyance losses. Seepage and
percolation losses and evaporation along the conveyance canals comprise the
conveyance losses.
a. Diversion Water Requirement (DWR)

b. Farm Water Requirement (FWR)
c. Irrigation Water Requirement (IWR)
d. Crop Water Requirement (CWR)
28. The common name for Capra hircus:
a. sheep b. pig c. mule d. goat
29. The discharge of first emitter in a dropper line is 12 lph. What is the
allowable minimum discharge in the last emitter?
a.9.6 lph b.10.8 lph c.10.6 lph d.9.8 lph
30. The ability of the stream to provide water determines the extent of the
total service area of a national irrigation system
a. Secondary canal
b. Main canal
c. Canal
d. Canal capacity
31. The common name for Anser domesticus:
a. chicken
b. goose
c. duck
d. turkey
32. Includes evaporation and transpiration, lumped together as

evapotranspiration.
a. Irrigation water requirement (IWR)

b. Consumptive
c. Non-consumtive
d. Crop water requirement (CWR)
33. What is the depth of flowing water in a trapezoidal canal with a side
slope of 1:1 and base of 1.0 m if the stream velocity is 1 mps and the
average discharge is 6 cms.
a. 1.0 m
b. 2.0 m
c. 3.0 m
d. 4.0 m
34. The ratio of the weight of water to the dry weight of the soil
a. Soil Texture
b. Soil Structure
c. Porosity
d. dry weight basis
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35. The soil has a field capacity and permanent wilting point of 27% and 13%,
respectively. What is the readily available moisture in cm of water per cm of
soil if the bulk density is 1.25 g/cc?
a. 10.25 cm/m
b. 17.5 cm/m
c. 13.12 cm/m
d. 14.0 cm/m
36. Advanced stage of rill erosion. Rills when neglected develop in size and
become gullies.
a. Slip erosions
b. Wind erosions
c. Stream bank erosion
d. Gully erosion
37. What discharge can be expected from an unconfined well 200 mm in diameter
if the drawdown is 5 m in an aquifer saturated to a depth of 18 m? Assume the
permeability and the radius of influence to be 20 m/day and 150 m,
respectively.
a.14.3 lps b. 13.8 lps

c.15.4 lps d. 12.6 lps
38. Used for flood forecasting and water quality studies; watershed response
time
a. Surface time
b. Time to peak
c. Recession time
d. Peak recession time
39. The hydraulic radius of a pipe with a diameter of 12 mm.
a. 3 mm b. 12 mm c. 6 mm d. 4 mm
40. This is suitable on flat, poorly drained soils that have numerous shallow
depresssions.

d. Diversion or parallel ditch system
41-44 A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 122m x

183m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under
the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 122 m
Spacing = 18.3 m Sprinkler
spacing = 12.2 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Water holding capacity = 120 mm/m Irrigation
period = 12 hrs
Average rooting depth = 1.0 m Application
efficiency = 70% Readily available
moisture = 45%
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41. What would be the application rate in mm/hr?
a.12.86 b. 6.43 c. 0.54 d. 4.5
42. What is the irrigation interval in days?
a.9 b. 12.86 c. 4.5 d. 6.43
43. What is the sprinkler discharge in lps?
a.398.77 b. 39.88 c. 3.99x104 d. 0.4
44. What is the system capacity in lps?
a.39.87 b. 27.91 c. 0.0279 d. 0.03987
45. Water is supplied to level plots surrounded by dikes or levees. This

method is particularly useful on fine-textured soils with low permeability,
it is necessary to hold the water on the surface to secure adequate
penetration.
b. Sub-irrigation
46. The most efficient trapezoidal cross section.
a. width of the bottom= twice the depth

b. depth = twice the bottom width
c. width of the bottom = 4x the depth
d. width of the top=2x the sum of sides
47. Removal of water from the road area by the use of culverts, ditches,
channels and other several structures
a. Crushed Gravel
b. Roadway Embankment
c. Course
d. Drainage
48. The fraction of the irrigation water that must be leached through the
root zone to control soil salinity at specified level.
a. Leaching Requirement (LR)

49. Water horsepower divided by pump efficiency, in decimal.
a. Stochastic process
b. Water horsepower
c. Brake horsepower
d. Barrow process
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50. In an attempt to the groundwater flow of a certain farm, two parallel
canals have to be constructed. It was observed that the impervious layer
exist at a depth of 1.9 m below the soil surface and the soil has a k value
of 1.2 m/day. If the water table has to be maintained at a depth of 0.8 m
below the soil surface, what will be the spacing of the drain when the drain
level is 1.5 m below the soil. Assume a steady recharge of 2 mm/day.
a. 2.52 m b. 50.20 m c. 5.02 m d. 502 m
51. A discharge of 20 lps is equivalent to:
a. 2 m3/hr
b. 20,000 m3/hr
c. 0.02 li/min
d. 72 m3/hr
52. This involves the averaging arithmetically all the rainfall depths
measured by the rain gages within the area

c. Thiessen polygon
d. Arithmetic mean
53. Given an irrigation depth of 30 cm and 10 hrs of irrigation time.

Determine the discharge to irrigate a hectare of land.
a.100 m3/hr b. 10 m3/hr c.300 m3/hr d. 50 m3/hr
54. Any open or close ground or surface for the passage of water.
a. Water way
b. Seepage
c. Percolation
d. Watershed
55.-58. An undisturbed soil sample 100 cc was gathered from a field 2 days
after heavy rains when the soil moisture was expected to be at field
capacity. The weight of the fresh sample was 176 g but was reduced to 142 g
after oven drying. A second soil sample with a fresh weight and oven dried
weight of 130 g and 116 g, respectively, was gathered 3 weeks later when the
crop was observed to have a permanently wilted.
55. Determine the bulk density in g/cc.
a.42 b.1.42 c.1.76 d.17.6
56. Determine the apparent specific gravity.
a.1.42 b.1.42 c.1.76 d.17.7
57. Determine the field capacity (dry basis).
a.19.32% b. 1.93% c. 23.94% d. 2.39%
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58. Determine the wilting point (dry basis).
a.1.2% b. 12% c. 10.77% d. 1.08%
59. Combination of sheet and splash erosion
a. Interrill erosion
b. Rill erosion
c. Gully erosion
d. Stream channel erosion
60–61.A crop has a depth of 0.6 m. F.C. and W.P. are 16% and 8%,
respectively. Bulk density is 1.25 g/cc. The desired allowable soil moisture
deficit is 60% of the allowable moisture and the average is 6 mm/day.
60. The depth of water to be stored in the rootzone per irrigation is:
a. 3.6 m b.0.036 m c.36 mm d. 36 cm
61. The irrigation interval is:
a. 6 days b.5 days c.7 days d.8 days
62. Caused by high velocity winds moving over barren land surfaces.
a. Slip erosions
b. Wind erosions
c. Coastal erosions
d. Stream bank erosion
63. Soil productivity is the ability of the soil
a. to produce the desired amount of plant yield

b. supply nutrients in sufficient and balanced amounts
c. store and resist leaching nutrients
d. all of the above
64. The percent N, P2O5 and K2O in a fertilizer

a. fertilizer grade
b. fertilizer ratio
c. fertilizer recommendation
d. none of the above
65. Which is not a single-element or straight fertilizer?
a. Urea
b. Muriate of Potash
c. Ammonium phosphate
d. Ammonium sulfate
66. Given bed slope=0.0003; Manning’s coefficient, n=0.03; b/d ratio=3.5;

wetted perimeter, p=14; z=0.5. The velocity of flow along a trapezoidal canal
is:
a. 8.9 m/s b. 0.89 m/s c. 89 m/s d. 0.089 m/s

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67. Primarily caused by raindrop
a. Slip erosions
b. Wind erosions
c. Coastal erosions
d. Splash/Raindrop erosion
68. The thickness of a confined aquifer is 5 m, well diameter=40 cm, radius

of influence=250 m, k=10 m/day, height of water in the pumping well=1,325 m,
height of piezometric surface=1,500 m. The steady state discharge is:
a. 0.89 m3/sec
b. 0.089 m3/sec
c. 0.089 lps
d. 0.89 lps
69. Surface runoff plus interflow
a. Base flow
b. Direct runoff
d. Peak flow
70. How many sprinklers with spacing of 7m x 7m are needed to irrigate a

rectangular field of 150m x 200m if the laterals are set parallel to the
larger side of the field:
a. 588 b. 609 c. 616 d. 638
71. The soil type largely influences the width of bed to be used. The
furrows drain to collection ditches.

c. Bedding system
d. Natural system
72. The scientific name for pigeon:
a. Columbia livia
b. Anser domesticus
c. Gallus gallus
d. Numida meleagris
73. If the theoretical flow of velocity in an orifice is 4 m/s, what is the

height of water flowing above the center of the orifice?
a. 0.8m b. 8.0m c. 0.9m d. 9.0m
74. The needed for water to infiltrate into the soil, depending on the depth
of water and the soil.
a. Infiltration rate
b. Infiltration
c. Infiltration efficiency
d. None of the above
11
75. Irrigation systems that have relatively large service areas and are
managed by government agencies
a. Shallow Tubewell Irrigation Systems (STW)

b. On-Farm Irrigation Facilities
c. Communal Irrigation Systems (CIS)
d. National Irrigation Systems (NIS)
76. Given an irrigation depth of 30 cm and 8 hrs of irrigation time.

Determine the discharge needed to irrigate a hectare of land:
a. 375 m3/hr
b. 10 m3/hr
c. 30 m3/hr
d. 200 m3/hr
77. The soil moisture content when plants permanently wilt. The soil moisture
tension at this point is about 15 atmospheres. Permanent wilting percentage
can be estimated by dividing the field capacity by a factor ranging from 2.0
top 2.4, with the value higher for soils with higher silt content.
a. Computation of moisture content

b. Readily available moisture (RAM)
c. Available moisture (AM)
d. Permanent wilting point (or wilting coefficient)
79. A flood flow of 560 m3/s was determined to have a 50% probability of
occurrence. What is its return period?
a. 2 years c. 20 years
b. 5 years d. 50 years
80. Type of flow wherein the depth of flow in a prismatic channel is constant
at any point in the channel
a. laminar flow
b. uniform flow
c. steady flow
d. critical flow
81. Urea is one of the many form of commercial fertilizers with a typical grade
of ______?
a. 14-14-14
b. d. 0-0-60
c. 45-0-0
d. 0-30-0
82. The study of soil which puts more emphasis on the origin, characteristics,
classification and description:
a. Pedology
b. Botany
c. Pathology
d. Agronomy
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83. The unit of heredity, variation, sex determination and related phenomena:
a. plasma
b. protein
c. gene
d. cell
84. A farmer is to irrigate a crop planted in furrows of 100m x 100m area.

His furrow spacing is 50 cm and the application depth is 100 mm. If the
inflow rate is 0.4 lps/100m, determine the time of irrigating each furrow:
a. 3.47 hrs b. 0.69 hrs c. 28.94 hrs d. 15 days
85-88. A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 150m x

100m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under
the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 150 m
Lateral Spacing = 10.0 m
Sprinkler spacing along lateral = 10.0 m
Soil water holding capacity = 120 m/min
Average rooting depth = 0.5 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Readily available moisture = 50%
Irrigation period = 8 hrs.
Application efficiency = 70%
85. What would be the application rate in mm/hr?
a.3.75 b.5.36 c.63.6 d.37.5
86. What is the irrigation interval in days?
a.5 b.3.75 c.7.14 d.6
87. What is the sprinkler discharge in lps?
a.1.5 b. 148.89 c. 536 d. 0.15
88. What is the system capacity in lps?
a. 22.32 b. 15.62 c. 2.32 d. 1.56
89. Lands serviced by natural irrigation or irrigation facilities. These

include land where water is not readily available as existing irrigation
facilities need rehabilitation or upgrading or where irrigation water is not
available year-round
a. Irrigators’ Association
b. Irrigation System
c. Irrigated Lands
d. Irrigable Lands
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90. This property of run-off is used for flood forecasting and water quality
analysis. It is the time where the flood flow is highest.
a. Recession time
b. Time to lag
c. Run-off time
d. Time to peak
91. A rectangular lined canal will be used to irrigate 60 has. If a Francis

weir of 0.4m crest will be used to control the flow, what would be the
depth of water over the crest in order to supply 2 lps/ha?
a. 0.07m b. 0.30m c. 1.94m d. 4.47m
92. If the canal in the above condition is changed into a triangular canal,
what would be the depth of water over the crest if a V-notch weir is used?
a.0.37m b. 2.15m c.3.7m d. 0.22m
93. The ratio of water beneficially used on the project, farm or field to the
amount of water delivered to the farm expressed in percent.
a. Consumptive use efficiency

b. Water storage efficiency
c. Water-use efficiency
d. Water application efficiency
94. A type of terrace usually used for 9-24% slope characterized by breaking
the slope at certain intervals by a ridge and a flat portion to trap runoff.
a. Bench terrace
b. Zingg terrace
c. Broad-based terrace
d. Manning’s terrace
95. The operating pressure of the sprinkler heads in a sprinkler irrigation

system is 12.52 kg/cm2. What is the allowable pressure (kg/m2) variation
between the first and the last sprinkler head in a lateral?
a. 2.504 b. 5.240 c. 25.04 d. 4.520
96. The ratio of the void volume to the total soil volume (unitless)
a. Soil Texture
b. Soil Structure
c. Porosity
d. dry weight basis
97. Ratio of the bulk density of the soil with the density of water; it is
the ratio of the weight of soil to the weight of water with volume equal to
the total soil volume
a. Bulk density
b. Particle density
c. Apparent specific gravity
d. Real specific gravity
14
98. A rectangular water tank, 2 meters high, is filled with water. Due to
rust, a circular hole was made on lowest portion of one side of the tank.
Considering that the tank is maintained full, what is the velocity of water
right after its take-off from the hole?
a. 6.26 m/s
b. 39.22 m/s
c. 4.43 m/s
d. 19.63 m/s
99. If the speed of an irrigation centrifugal pump is increased by 30%, the

power requirement is increased by:
a. 2.197 b. 1.297 c. 2.917 d. 1.972
100. Include seepage and percolation losses.
a. Irrigation water requirement (IWR)

b. Consumptive
c. Non-consumtive
d. Crop water requirement (CWR)
15
SUBJECTS
(AL-SAHID)
1-2. A farm ditch has depth of flowing water of 60 cm, bottom width=50 cm,
side slope=1horizontal:1vertical, channel slope=0.02%.
1. The velocity of flow in m/sec is:
a. 0.143 b. 0.0134 c. 0.314 d. 0.431
2. The discharge in m3/sec is:
a. 0.027 b. 0.207 c. 0.702 d. 0.072
3. Determine the size of a pump to irrigate a 5-ha riceland. The water source
is a stream with pumping head of 2 m.
Evaporation=8mm/day;
Percolation=2mm/day;
Irrigation interval=5 days
Irrigation period=10 hrs; Friction loss=0;
Pump efficiency=80%
Irrigation efficiency=80%.
a. 2.129 hp b. 2.85 hp c. 5 hp d. 1.5 hp
4. Governed by chance; time dependent
b. Probabilistic process
c. Deterministic process
d. Barrow process
5. A farmer proposes to use sprinkler on a rectangular field 160m x 120m with

lateral line parallel to the shorter side. The land is adjacent to the river
from which he pumps water. He needs a maximum application depth of 60 mm
every 10 days. The maximum intake rate of the soil is 8.5 mm/hr and the
application efficiency is 80%. Sprinkler spacing is 9m x 9m. What is the
desired discharge per sprinkler in lps?
a. 1.91 x 10-4 lps

b. 0.19125 lps
c. 0.6885 lps
d. 688.5 lps
16
6. Interval between corresponding points on successive terraces
a. Horizontal interval
b. Vertical Interval
c. Contour line
d. Contour topography
7. It is a variation of the furrow method and it uses small rills or

corrugations for irrigating closely spaced crops, such as small grains and
pastures.
b. Sub-irrigation
d. Corrugation irrigation
8-11. A farmer proposes to use sprinkler on a rectangular field 160m x 120m

with lateral line parallel to the shorter side. The land is adjacent to the
river from which he pumps water. He needs a maximum application depth of 60
mm every 10 days. The maximum intake rate of the soil is 8.5 mm/hr and the
application efficiency is 80%. Sprinkler spacing is 9m x 9m.
8. How many sprinklers are in a lateral?
a. 13 b. 18 c. 14 d. 17
9. How many number of lateral positions?
a. 13 b. 18 c. 14 d. 17
10. How many hours will it take him to apply the water requirement in one
lateral position?
a. 7.06 hrs b. 10 days c. 2 hrs d. 8.82 hrs
11. What is the required pump discharge in lps?
a. 45.53 b. 3.4 c. 2.55 d. 25.5
12. What should be the diameter of a pipe such that the two of them will be
just sufficient to hold the water in an open canal 2m wide and 1m deep?
Assume half square section canal and use a common slope of 0.0007 and Chezy’s
coefficient = 58.
a. 1.26 m b. 1.8 m c. 1.085 m d. 1 m
13. Measures the velocity of a floating object preferably in a straight

section of a stream
a. Float method
b. Float type water stage recorder
c. Bubbler gage
d. Crest stage gage
17
14. The following depths of water penetration in meters were observed at 10m
interval along a furrow irrigation system:0.65, 0.66, 0.68,0.72, 0.73, 0.77,
0.78, 0.80, 0.82, and 0.86. The uniformity coefficient is.
a. 92% b.79% c.96% d.86%
15. Given the soil sampler with a diameter of 5.2 cm and length of 4.7 cm.
What is the bulk volume of soil it could gather?
a.100 cc b. 95 cc c. 120 cc d. 24.4 cc
16. A crop grown between orchard trees or on field between cropping season to
protect the land from leaching and erosion:
a. cover crop
b. inter-tilled crop
c. cash crop
d. companion crop
17. A crop which is planted in shortly before the first crop is to be harvested:
a. inter-tilled crop
b. cash crop
c. relay crop
d. companion crop
18. The science or study of disease, its causes, and its controls:
a. Agrometeorology
b. Horticulture
c. Pathology
d. Botany
19. An engineer is to design the mainline of a sprinkler system which will

use a steel (Scobey’s coefficient K = 0.40) to carry a flow of 6.5 lps. The
length of pipe is 150m and the inside diameter is 100 mm. Compute the head
loss of the system assuming a uniform flow.
a. 3.16 m b. 1.36 m c. 1.5 m d. 1.8 m
20. A practical adaptation of reforestation whereby the species planted have

economic value, such as mango, pili and so on.
a. Cropping systems
b. Strip cropping
c. Agroforestry
d. Reforestation
21. What is the evapotranspiration of corn during its growing period if the
crop coefficient is 2.5 and the reference crop evapotranspiration is 6
mm/day?
a. 2.44 mm/day b. 0.42 mm/day

c. 8.5 mm/day d. 15 mm/day
22. The composite parts of the irrigation system that divert water from
natural bodies of water such as rivers, streams, and lakes
18
a. Headworks
b. Communal irrigation system
c. Secondary canal
d. Main canal
23. The scientific name of strawberry:
a. Vitis vinifera
b. Sandorium koetjape
c. Cocos nucifera
d. Fragaria vesca
24. The crop water requirement of an area grown to a certain crop refers to
the amount of water used for the non-consumptive demands such as land soaking
and land preparation, and for the consumptive demands such as
evapotranspiration requirements of the crop during its entire growth period.

25. The soil has a field capacity of 30.8% volume basis and a permanent
wilting point of 12% dry mass basis. The apparent specific gravity is 1.4. If
the rootzone depth is 1.0m and the management allowable deficit is 50% the
net application depth is.
a. 70mm b.60mm c.50mm d.40mm
26. The capacity of a certain canal will be measured using a Cipolleti weir
having a length of 0.5m. If the height of the flowing water above the crest
is 13 cm, what is the well capacity in lps?
a. 44.6 b. 43.59 c. 45.59 d. 42.59
27. With this discharge, what will be the head above the crest if a V-notch
is installed somewhere along the same canal?
a. 25 cm b. 24 cm c. 26 cm d. 27 cm
28. Delivery of 360 cfs to an 80-acre field is continued for 4 hrs. Tail
water flow is estimated at 10 cfs. Soil probing after the irrigation
indicates that 1 ft. of water was stored in the rootzone. Compute the
application efficiency.
a.60% b. 62% c. 92% d. 67%
29. (Crop rotation) planting different crops, one after the other each season
19
a. Graded terrace
b. Relay cropping
c. Multi cropping or mixed cropping
d. Strip cropping
30. The duration of irrigation application for a 10ha cornfield for a given
discharge of 100lps to obtain an average depth of application of 200mm
assuming an application efficiency of 70% should be.
a. 8hrs b. 10hrs c. 12hrs d.14hrs
31. How much water is needed in each irrigation if the moisture holding
capacity of the soil is 1.5 in/ft and irrigation was started when 40% is
depleted. The crop uses 0.25 in/day of moisture and has a root depth of 3 ft.
If there is no rain, how often will irrigation be required?
a. 4.8 in. every 6 days b. 1.8 in. every 7.2 days

c. 2.8 in. every 4 days d. 3.8 in. every 5 days
32. The name for seasonal winds (derived from Arabic mausim, a season)
a. trade winds
b. Monsoon winds
c. Valley winds
d. Mountain winds
33. The Philippine Agricultural Engineering law of 1998.
a. RA 8559
b. RA 8599
c. RA 8995
d. RA 8595
34. The Agriculture and Fisheries modernization act of 1998?
a. RA 8535
b. RA8435
c. RA8543
d. RA8453
35. A notch of regular form through which the irrigation stream is made to
flow and built as either portable or stationary structure.
a. Parshall flume
b. Weir
c. Dam
d. Orifice
36. Is soil detachment and transport resulting from the impact of water drops
directly on soil particles or on thin water surfaces.
20
b. Rill erosion
c. Splash / raindrop erosion
37. Compute the water holding capacity of soil in inches if the F.C. is 30%
and the wilting point is 15% of the dry soil density. This density is 80
lbs/ft3 and the soil depth to be irrigated is 2 feet.
a. 3.6 b. 2.6 c. 5.6 d. 4.6
38. The mass per unit volume of the soil particle is:
a. Porosity b. void ratio

c. soil density d. specific gravity
39. Can stabilize the slopes of the gully and hence reduce runoff velocities.
a. Riprap
b. Grassed waterways
c. Check dams or weirs
d. Vegetation
40. The trapezoidal canal is to have a base width of 6 m and side slopes of
1:1. The velocity of flow is 0.6 m/sec. What slope must be given the bed in
order to deliver 5 m3/sec. Use Kutther’s C, n=0.025.
a. 0.00263 b. 0.0000263 c. 0.000263 d. 0.0263
41. Caused by the rising of warmer, lighter air in colder, denser

surroundings.
a. Frontal
b. Convective precipitation
c. Cyclonic precipitation
d. Orographic precipitation
42. Land slides and slips due to saturation of steep hills and slopes.
a. Slip erosions
b. Wind erosions
c. Coastal erosions
43. Given a probability of occurrence or exceedence of 5%. How many years

will it take before a discharge of 1000 m3/sec will be equaled or exceeded?
a. 10 b. 15 c. 20 d. 25
44. Composite facilities that permit entry of water to paddy areas and
consist of farm ditches and turnouts
21
45. Given the following: bed slope = 0.0003 manning constant, n= 0.03
b/d ratio = 3.5 wetted perimeter = 14; z =0.5. The velocity of flow along a
trapezoidal canal is?
a. 8.2 m/s
b. 0.82 m/s
c. 82 m/s
d. 0.082 m/s
46. It is accomplished by running water through small channels or furrows

while it moves down or across the slope of the field.
a. Corrugation irrigation
b. Furrow irrigation
47. The recommended flow velocity on earth canals is.
a. 0.30-1.0 m/s
b. 1.0-2.0 m/s
c. 0.10-0.75 m/s
48. Which is highly dependent on soil texture, refers to the downward

movement of water through a depth of soil.
a. Percolation
b. Evapotranspiration
c. Transpiration
d. Seepage
49. A soil sample has wet mass of 120g and an undisturbed volume of 78cc. If
the dry mass basis moisture content is 20%, the bulk density is.
a. 3.28g/cc
b. 1.28g/cc
c. 2.28g/cc
d. 4.28g/cc
50. If the rectangular canal have base of 0.65 m, what would be the depth of
flow when the hydraulic radius is equal to the area of flow.
a. 0.418 m
b. 4.18 m
c. 0.17 m
d. 1.7 m
51. The ____ is the amount of water to be applied to the field as irrigation.

22
52. A concrete lined canal is to convey water over a distance of 250 m, from
the well to farm, drop in elevation is 0.50 m over canal length and roughness
coefficient, n=0.018. Estimate the bottom width of a rectangular canal with a
depth of flowing water of 0.25 m, if the hydraulic radius is equal to the
depth of flow?
a. 0.5 m
b. 5 m
c. 50 m
53. What is the velocity of water in the canal in item above.
a. 0.062 m/s
b. 0.62 m/s
c. 6.2 m/s
d. 62 m/s
54. Graphs that show interrelations between speed, head discharge, and
horsepower of a pump.
a. Static head
b. Total dynamic head
c. Drawdown
d. Characteristic curve
55. The most hydraulically efficient trapezoidal channel section to carry a
discharge of 5m3/s on a bed material with roughness n of 0.02 and a bottom
slope of 1 in 800 should have a bottom width of.
a. 1.65m b. 2.65m c. 3.65m d. 4.65m
56. A discharge of 20 L/sec is equivalent to.
a. 2 cu.m/hr
b. 20000 cu.m/hr
c. 0.02 L/min
d. 72 cu.m/hr
57. That portion of the available moisture that is most easily extracted by
plants; this is approximately 75% of the available moisture.

58. Given an irrigation depth of 30cm and 10 hrs of irrigation time,

determine the discharge needed to irrigate a hectare of land
a. 100 cu.m/hr
23
b. 10 cu.m/hr
c. 30 cu.m/hr
d. 300 cu.m/hr
59. Associated with the movement of air masses from high-pressure to low-
pressure regions
a. Frontal
b. Non Frontal
60. One liter per second is equal to.
a. 16.85 gpm
b. 15.5 gpm
c. 15.85 gpm
d. 17.35 gpm
61. Lands which display marked characteristics justifying the operation of an

irrigation system
c. Irrigated Lands
d. Irrigable Lands
62. A farm channel carries a flow of 20 L/s for a field using furrow
irrigation. If each furrow required a flow of 1 L/s, how many furrow can be
irrigated at a time?
a. 20
b. 200
c. 2000
d. NOTA
63. A method of asexual propagation involving the transfer of aerial parts of

one plant (scion) to the root or trunk material (stock) of another plant:
a. Hydroponics
b. Grafting
c. Inoculation
d. Marcotting
64. The sequences of events occurring in a viable seed, starting with the
inhibition of water, that leads to the growth and development of embryo:
a. Reproduction
b. Vegetative stage
c. Fertilization
d. Germination
65. A crop produced for direct sale for cash, as contracted with crops produced
as livestock feed:
a. cover crop
24
b. inter-tilled crop
c. companion crop
d. cash crop
66. An unlined trapezoidal irrigation canal is to carry a maximum discharge

of 2,800lps. The side slope is to be set at 1:1. The head loss over a 1km
distance is 1m. The Manning’s roughness coefficient is 0.025. If the maximum
permissible velocity is 0.92m/s, the design depth should be.
a. 10.95m b. 0.95m c. 2.95m d. 5.95m
67. The ratio of the normal consumptive use of water to the net amount of
water depleted from the root zone soil.

68. An agricultural engineer uses the quarter time rules in irrigating the
field. If the contact time required to fill the soil reservoir is 1 day, how
long will the water reach the far end of the field
a. 240 min
b. 260 min
c. 360 min
d. 320 min
69. The ratio between water stored in the soil root zone during irrigation
and the water delivered to the farm expressed in percent.

c. Water application efficiency
d. Water conveyance efficiency
70. An average depth of 100mm of water is needed to irrigate 5 ha of land in

20 hrs, what stream size is needed?
a. 6.95 L/s
b. 69.5 L/s
c. 695 L/s
d. 6950 L/s
71. The velocity of flow into the soil caused by a unit hydraulic gradient in
which the driving force is one kilogram per kilogram of water.
b. Intake rate
c. Permeability
d. Saturation point
72. 75mm of water is needed to irrigate the field. In order to irrigate

adequately over the whole area, an average depth of 100mm must be applied,
how much water is lost
25
a. 2.5mm
b. 25mm
c. 75mm
d. 7.5mm
73. The time rate at which water will percolate into the soil and can be
expressed in terms of the following empirical equations
b. Intake rate
c. Permeability
d. Saturation point
74. Suppose a farm channel 4km long with a cross sectional area of 0.75 sq.m
is to be filled with water before irrigation can begin. How long will this
take when the discharge is 30Lps?
a. 27 hours
b. 17 hours
c. 10 hours
d. 5 hours
75. Construction of earth embankment or ridge and channel across the slope at
an acceptable grade to control the flow of runoff as well as soil particles.
a. Riprap
b. Gabions
c. Diversion canal
d. Terracing
76. An 8 mm rainfall was measured by a USWB standard rain gauge, 8 inches in

diameter. Determines the depth in the inner cylinder whose area is 1/10 of
the catch area
a. 0.8 cm
b. 259 mm
c. 80 mm
d. 80 cm
77. A 30inch diameter 1-meter long culvert has been designed to carry a
maximum discharge of 1.7m3/s when flowing half-full. Its roughness
coefficient n is 0.014. If the inlet and the outlet are both unsubmerged, the
difference in elevation between the inlet and the outlet should be.
a. 10cm b. 20cm c. 30cm d.40cm
78. Erosion caused by wave action on the seashore.
a. Slip erosions
b. Wind erosions
c. Coastal erosions
79. Determine the 10 year period peak runoff for a 80ha watershed having a
runoff coefficient of 0.4, maximum length of water is 610m and the fall along
this path is 6m. The rainfall intensity for that return period is 101.25mm/hr
having duration equal to the time of concentration
26
a. 9.0
b. 1.5
c. 16.5
d. 16.3
80. Combination and splash and sheet erosion
a. Slip erosions
b. Gully erosion
c. Rill erosions
d. Interrill erosions
81. The approximate threshold for the soil loss in the Philippines is around
12metric ton per hectare per year. Assuming a soil bulk density of 1.2 metric
ton / cu. m, What is the soil erosion in mm/ yr.
a. 0.1 mm / yr
b. 1.0 mm / yr
c. 10 mm / yr
d. 100 mm / yr
82. Time for surface and interflow to recede; duration of flooding
a. Surface time
b. Base time
c. Recession time
d. Surface interflow time
83. The discharge in a triangular channel with a vertex angle of 90 degrees

is 390lps. The critical depth is.
a. 0.5m b. 5m c. 2.0m d. 1.0m
84. What is the erosion rate in 10 ha farm with an average slope of 3%.
Given: slope length factor =1.0
soil erodibility= 0.25
conservation practice factor =1.0
rainfall factor =178
a. 267 mm / yr
b. 26.7 mm / yr
c. 2.67 mm /yr
d. 80.1mm /yr
85. Same as groundwater runoff
a. Base flow
d. Runoff volume
86. A flood flow of 560 cu.m per second was determined to have a 20%
probability of occurrence. What is its return period?
a. 2 years
27
b. 5 years
c. 20 years
d. 50 years
87. For a watershed of 360 ha, the peak runoff rate for 0.5 cm/hr rain
intensity (at the time of concentration) was observed as 2.5 cu.m/s. What is
the runoff coefficient?
a. 0.5
b. 0.005
c. 5.0
d. 0.05
88. If the depth changes abruptly over a comparatively short distance such as
in a hydraulic jump
a. Turbulent flow
b. Gradually varied flow
c. Rapidly varied flow
d. Unsteady flow
89. Is the detachment and transport of soil particles from the land by water
or wind action.
a. Erodibility
b. Erosivity
c. Erosion
d. Soil erosion
90. The theoretical flow velocity in an orifice is 4 m/s, what is the height
of water flowing the center of the orifice?
a. 20.4 cm
b. 81.6 cm
c. 361.2cm
d. 90.3 cm
91. Which wets the entire land surface
a. Hose pipe
b. Watering can
c. Drainage
d. By flooding
92. Determine the crest length of a structure for a chute spillway for a
design flow of 1.4 cms and a maximum water level at the inlet is 0.5 m, the
coefficient of discharge is 1.66.
a. 0.54 m
b. 2.38 m
28
c. 4.38 m
d. 3.28 m
93. Replanting of forest trees species in the watershed area
a. Cropping systems
b. Strip cropping
c. Agroforestry
d. Reforestation
94. A rectangular water tank, 2 m high is filled with water. Due to rust, a
circular hole was made to the lowest portion of one side of the tank.
Considering that the tank is maintained full, what is the velocity of water
right after its take-off from the hole?
a. 6.26 m/s
b. 4.43 m/s
c. 39.22 m/s
d. 19.63 m/s
95. The channel where diverted water from a source flows to the intended area
to be irrigated
a. Headworks
b. Secondary canal
c. Main canal
d. National irrigation system
96. The normal depth in a 2m wide concrete lined trapezoidal irrigation canal
with a side slope z of 2 and a bottom slope of 0.2% for a discharge is
1.65m3/s is.
a. 0.6m b. 1.6m c. 2.6m d. 3.6m
97. The method of fertilizer application in which the fertilizer is dissolved

in water as prescribed and then sprayed on the upper portion of the plant
particularly the leaves:
a. broadcast method
b. side dressing method
c. foliar spray fertilizer
d. localized fertilizer
98. The percentage of moisture on dry weight basis that is held against the
pull of gravity, after drainage has ceased in a soil that has been saturated:
a. wilting point
b. air dry
c. Hygroscopic coefficient
d. field capacity
29
99. Plants living more than one year but in some cases, producing seed in the
first year and every season thereafter:
a. annual
b. quarter-annual
c. biennial
d. perennial
100. What is the water depth in a 24 inch diameter culvert which flows at 500
gpm and 2 ft/s velocity?
a. 24 in
b. 1.4 in
c. 12 in
d. 7.2 in
30
SUBJECTS
(KHALID-MAD)
1. Vulnerability or susceptibility of the soil to erosion. It is a function

of both the physical properties of the soil and land management practices.
a. Erodibility
b. Erosivity
c. Susceptibility
d. Vulnerability
2. A horizontal fully flowing 4 in pipe is discharging water. The x and y-

coordinate of the water trajectory is measured from the end of the pipe are
1.5 m and 0.8 m, respectively. Assuming that the coefficient of discharge is
1.0, what is the discharge of the pipe?
a. 10 lps
b. 20 lps
c. 30 lps
d. 40 lps
3. It is the simplest piece of overhead irrigation equipment and is commonly

used in small-scale upland farming.
a. Hose pipe
b. Watering can
c. Drainage
d. Overhead irrigation
4. An imaginary line of constant elevation on the surface of the ground.
c. Contour map
d. Contour line
5. What should be the minimum weir height for measuring a flow of 1000 gpm
with a 90 degree V-notch weir, if the flow is now moving at 5 ft/sec in a 2
ft wide rectangular channel?
a. 1.5 ft
b. 1.3 ft
c. 1.4 ft
d. 1.2 ft
31
6. The peak runoff in an 80ha watershed corresponding to a rainfall intensity
of 20mm/hr and a runoff coefficient of 0.7 is.
a. 3.1m3/s b. 4.1m3/s c. 5.1m3/s d. 6.1m3/s
7. The process of covering the land surface with plant residues, plastic or
other materials appropriate to arrest loss of moisture through evaporation
a. Cropping systems
b. Contour cultivation
c. Mulching
d. Strip cropping
8. A 10 inch diameter pipe is flowing 1/3 full, what is the velocity of the
water if the volume of flow is 135 gpm?
a. 7.2 m/s
b. 2.0 ft/sec
c. 10.6 ft/sec
d. 3 m/s
9. The ratio of the volume of water to the total soil volume
a. Soil Texture
b. Volume basis or volumetric MC
c. Porosity
d. dry weight basis
10. The Scientific name for onion:
a. Raphanus sativus
b. Daucus carota
c. Allium sativum
d. Allium sepa
11. On a 20% hill slope, it is proposed to construct bench terraces with 1.1
batter slope, if the vertical interval is 2 m, what is the width of the
terrace?
a. 10 m
b. 20 m
c. 8 m
d. 16 m
12.A major irrigation system managed by the national irrigation

administration
a. Communal irrigation system

b. Secondary canal
c. Main canal
32
13. 1250 cu.m of water was delivered to a 10 ha farm for the month of June in
which the consumptive use is estimated at 8 mm/day. The effective rainfall
for the period was 150 mm. What is the irrigation frequency?
a. 32%
b. 87%
c. 72%
d. 52%
14. Evapotranspiration in an 8 ha farm is 7 mm/day and percolation losses is

2 mm/day. What is the design discharge of a canal to be able to deliver a 5
day requirement of the farm in 24 hours, if irrigation efficiency is 75%?
a. 150 cu.m/hr
b. 200 cu.m/hr
c. 175 cu.m/hr
d. 140 cu.m/hr
15. Expresses the relationship between speed in rpm, discharge in gpm, and
head in feet.
a. Static head
b. Specific speed
c. Drawdown
16. What is the depth of water in a trapezoidal channel with a sideslope of 2

and carrying a 2.5 cu.m/s water flow? The channel bottom width is 1.5 m and
the flowing water has a velocity of 0.8 m/s.
a. 1.00 m
b. 0.93 m
c. 1.20 m
d. 0.82 m
17. Provide record of the highest stage observed at a stream
a. Float method
c. Bubbler gage
d. Crest stage gage
18. An association of farmers within a contiguous area served by a national

irrigation system or communal irrigation system
c. Irrigated Lands
d. Irrigable Lands
33
rectangular piece of land 125m x 190m if the laterals are set parallels to
the longer side of the field.
a. 503
b. 504
c. 486
d. 485
20. Given the following direct runoff hydrograph in m3/s taken at 1hr
interval in the mainstream of a 50sq.km watershed:0, 2.8, 13.8, 44.8, 77.8,
37.8, 12.8, 4.5, 1.8, 1.3, 0.9, 0.6, 0.2. The equivalent depth of direct
runoff is.
a. 14.3mm b.15.3mm c.16.3mm d.17.3mm
21. The ratio between the water delivered to the farm and the water diverted
from a river or reservoir expressed in percent
a. Water storage efficiency

b. Water-use efficiency
c. Water application efficiency
d. Water conveyance efficiency
22. Consists of carrying out agricultural operations very nearly on the

contour. It reduces the velocity of overland flow and retards soil erosion
a. Cropping systems
c. Mulching
d. Strip cropping
23. If the impeller speed of a centrifugal pump is increased from 1800 rpm to
2340 rpm, the resulting power will be how many times the original?
a. 1690
b. 2197
c. 1091
d. 1140
24. Is a graphical representation of the instantaneous runoff rate against

time. The area under the hydrograph gives the runoff volume
a. Hydrograph
b. Pearson hydrograph
c. Log-Normal Distribution hydrograph
d. Normal hydrograph
25. One liter per second is equal to
a. 16.85 gpm
b. 15.5 gpm
c. 15.85 gpm
d. 17.35 gpm
34
26. An irrigation system that is managed by a bonafide irrigators’
association
a. Headworks
c. Shallow tubewell
27. Record the pressure required to maintain a small flow of gas from an
orifice submerged in the stream
a. Float method
c. Bubbler gage
d. Crest stage gage
28. A soil sample was obtained using s cylindrical soil sampler with a 4
inches diameter and 10 inches height. After oven drying the sample weight
2470 g, what is the soil bulk density?
a. 12 g/cc
b. 11 g/cc
c. 1200 kg/cu.m
d. 1.3 kg/cu.m
29. Compute the wetted perimeter of the above problem:
a. 0.163 m
b. 1.63 m
c. 16.3 m
d. NOTA
30. The hydraulic radius is:
a. 0.22 m
b. 2.2 m
c. 22 m
d. NOTA
31. The velocity of the flow is:
a. 0.58 m/s
b. 1.05 m/s
c. 0.25 m/s
d. 0.45 m/s
32. What is the discharge in li/sec?
a. 300 li/sec
b. 178 li/sec
c. 209 li/sec
d. 200 li/sec
35
33. A dam spillway is to be designed to have a service life of 50 years. If
the acceptable risk for structural failure due to excessive flood discharge
is 10%, the spillway should be designed for a return period of.
a. 175 years
b. 275 years
c. 375 years
d. 475 years
34. Planting different crops simultaneously in the same field at the same
cropping season.
a. Graded terrace
b. Relay cropping
d. Strip cropping
35. An irrigation engineer is to irrigate a crop planted in furrows of 100m x

100m area. The inflow rate is 0.5 li/sec/100m. If the furrow spacing is 50 cm
and the application depth is 100 mm, determine the time in hours to irrigate
the whole area.
a. 55.68 hrs
b. 555.6 hrs
c. 450.17 hrs
d. 245.56 hrs
36. Discharge is not constant with respect to time
a. Spatially variable flow

b. Turbulent flow
c. Laminar flow
d. Unsteady flow
37. From the above problem, determine the time in hours to irrigate each
furrow
a. 2.78 hrs/furrow
b. 2.45 hrs/furrow
c. 147 min/furrow
d. Two of the above
38. The lateral flow of liquid through porous media; the lost of water from
irrigation canals.
a. Soil conservation
b. Seepage
c. Percolation
d. Watershed
36
39. Find the irrigation interval. Given the ff.
WHC- 1.5; MAD- 50%; allowed depletion-0.75 cm; ET/Ea-2.22 mm/day
a. 3 days
b. 2 days
c. 4 days
d. All of the above
40. The discharge in a 6.56ft wide trapezoidal open channel with a side slope
of 1:1 and a bottom slope of 0.1% is 98.8 ft3/s when the depth of flow is
1.0m.The roughness coefficient is.
a. 0.025 b.1.025 c.2.025 d.3.025
41. A term adapted to measures utilizing both or in combination with the

biological and engineering measures.
a. Culvert
b. Vengineering
c. Drop structures
d. Flume
42. Establishment of natural waterways or construction of canals and planting

it with grasses to make it stable and arrest soil erosion
a. Riprap
b. Grassed waterways
d. Farm Ponds / Water Impounding Dams
43. Landslides and slips due to saturation of steep hills and slopes.
a. Slip erosions
b. Wind erosions
c. Coastal erosions
44. A floating object travelled a distance of 10m in 9.5 seconds on the

average in a 0.5m deep parabolic channel. If the top width is 1.0m the
discharge is.
a. 10.3m3/s
b. 1.3m3/s
c. 0.3m3/s
d. 5.3m3/s
45. The peak runoff in the mainstream of a watershed has a mean of 128 m3/s
and a standard deviation of 52 m3/s. If the sample data is normally
distributed, the magnitude of runoff corresponding to a probability of
exceedance of 16% is
a. 128 m3/s b. 76 m3/s c. 180 m3/s d. 52 m3/s

37
46. The scientific name for sheep:
a. Capra hircus
b. Sus domesticus
c. Bubalus Bubalis
d. Ovis aries
47. Moisture content present in the soil when gravitational water has been
removed is called:
a. wilting point b. field capacity

c. unavailable moisture d. nota
48. A culvert has been designed for a flood discharge with a return period of
50 years. The risk that the culvert will experience the design flood one or
more times in 75 years is
a. 2% b. 22% c. 67% d. 78%
49. 75% of available moisture is called:
a. readily available moisture

b. hygroscopic water
c. permanent wilting point
d. nota
50. The following infiltration capacity equation has been derived based on
experimental data: f = 10 + 5e-12t where f is in mm/hr and t is in hr. The
cumulative infiltration in mm after 45 minutes is
a. 7.5mm b. 7.9 mm c. 79 mm d. 450 mm
51. The water right based on the concept first time, first in right:
a. Right of way b. Appropriation Act

c. General Appropriation d. nota
52. The volume of water that can be stored in or released from an aquifer per
unit horizontal area per unit change in hydraulic head is
a. specific storage
b. specific yield
c. storage coefficient
d. transmissivity
53. The lateral movement of water in the soil:
a. seepage b. drainage
c. irrigation d. flooding
38
54. The velocities at depths of 0.16m and 0.64m in a 0.8m deep and 1.0m wide
rectangular open channel are 1.2m/s and 0.3m/s, respectively. The discharge
is.
a. 0.6m3/s
b. 1.6m3/s
c. 2.6m3/s
d. 3.6m3/s
55. The discharge through a 90 v-notch weir may be computed by:
a. Q = 0.0184LH3/2 b. Q = 0.0184(L-.2H)3/2
c. Q = 0.0186LH3/2 d. Q = 0.0138H5/2
56. A fully penetrating well installed in a confined aquifer with a

transmissivity of 197 m2/day is pumped at a constant rate. If the drawdowns
in two observation wells 8 m and 22 m from the pumped well were observed to
be 1.42 m and 0.44 m, respectively, the steady state pump discharge is
a. 200 gpm b. 220 gpm c. 240 gpm d. 260 gpm
57. Development of deep well by compressed air is best suited for ___wells.
a. big b. small* c. open d. nota
58. The velocities at 0.2 and 0.8 of the depth of flow in a parabolic open
channel are 1.0 m/s and 0. 2 m/s, respectively. If the flow depth is 0.5 m
and the top width is 1.5 m, the discharge is
a. 500 lps b. 450 lps c. 300 lps d. 250 lps
59. The mass per unit volume of the soil particles is:
a. specific gravity b. porosity

c. soil density d. void ratio
60. The ratio of the volume of pores to the volume of solid is:
a. void ratio b. porosity

c. specific gravity d. soil density
61. Given the following direct runoff hydrograph in m3/s taken at 1-hr
interval in the mainstream of a 50 sq. km watershed: 0, 2.8, 13.8, 44.8,
77.8, 37.8, 12.8, 4.5, 1.8, 1.3, 0.9, 0.6, 0.2. The equivalent depth of
direct runoff is
a. 10.3 mm b. 12.3 mm c. 14.3 mm d. 16.3 mm
62. Water held by forces of surface tension and continuous films around the
soil particles is:
a. capillary water b. hygroscopic water

c. gravitational water d. soil water
39
63. A fully penetrating well installed in a confined aquifer with a
transmissivity of 197m2/day is pumped at a constant rate. If the drawdowns in
two observation wells 8m and 22m from the pumped well were observed to be
1.42m and 0.44m, respectively the steady state pump discharge is.
a. 120gpm b.220gpm c.420gpm d.320gpm
64. Water held tightly to the surface of soil particle by adsorption

forces is:
a. capillary water b. hygroscopic water

c. soil water d. gravitational water
65. The peak runoff in a 50 ha-watershed corresponding to a rainfall

intensity of 25 mm/hr and a runoff coefficient of 0.8 is
a. 2.8 m3/s
b. 28 m3/s
c. 280 m3/s
d. 1,000 m3/s
66. Streamflow in a river was measured at various stages using a current

meter. The results are given below:
The stage-discharge relation of the form q = ahb is to be developed. Based on

the observed data, the value of the exponent b is
a. 0.9 b. 1.9 c. 2.1 d. 2.9
67. It is the sheet of water which overflows a weir:
a. Napped b. weir pond

c. weir crest c. weir gauge
68. Sprinkler type with operating pressure from 20-40 psi:
a. high pressure b. low pressure

c. medium pressure d. nota
69. The type of erosion that takes place in small channels which cannot be
obliterated by tillage operations is called
a. sheet b. rill c. interrill d. gully
40
70. An appurtenance to the pipeline which permits the passage of air to or
from the pipeline.
a. surge b. water hammer c. vent d. gate
71. It is the combined process of evaporation and transpiration from plants.
a. evaporation b. transpiration
c. evapo-transpiration d. condensation
72. Barrier constructed to hold water back and raise its level.
a. channel
b. dam
c. well
d. weir
73. The volume of water flowing each second, measured in m3/sec.
a. stream b. discharge
c. velocity d. cross-sectional area
74. Term for solar radiation received at the earth’s surface
a. insolation
b. illuminance
c. radiation
d. reflectiion
75. The channel connected to the main canal which distributes irrigation to
specific areas
a. Headworks
c. Shallow tubewell
d. Secondary canal
76. The minimum distance from the center of the lone pumped well wherein no
drawdown will be observed is the __________________.
a. well radius
b. radius of interference
c. radius of influence
d. drawdown curve
77. A 27 mm/day water requirement is equivalent to
a. 29.75 gpm/ha c. 3.125 lps/ha

b. 1.125 lps/ha d. 17.875 gpm/ha
41
78. On the weather map, lines representing points of equal pressure is
called.
a. Isohyets
b. Contour lines
c. Isobars
79. Planting different crops simultaneously in the same field at the same
cropping season.
a. Mixed/multiple cropping
b. Relay cropping
c. Inter cropping
d. Strip cropping
80. Compute the unidirectional flow in two parallel drains; 1200 m apart if
the soil hydraulic conductivity is 10m/day and the water level at the drains
are 7 and 9 meters.
a. 0.00035 m2/hr c. 0.0083 m2/hr

b. 0.0007 m2/hr d. 0.0056 m2/hr
81. Compute the land soaking requirement for a soil ( depth of rootzone =
35cm) with residual moisture content of 15% by mass, bulk density of 1,280
kg/m3 and porosity of 45%. Standing water for planting is 25 mm.
a. 115.3 mm c. 90.3 mm
b. 134.4 mm d. 159.4 mm
82. A 25-ft thick confined aquifer with hydraulic conductivity of 500ft/day

was tapped by a 4” shallow tubewell. With a radius of influence of 2000 ft,
determine the maximum discharge of the STW in liters per second. Assume an
allowable drawdown of 10 ft.
a. 29.61 c. 41.15
b. 27.43 d. 44.42
83. For an 8m x 8m sprinkler spacing, what is the design sprinkler throw for
a 40% overlap?
a. 3.2 m
b. 6.4 m
c. 5.6 m
d. 10 m
84. Vigna radiata is commonly known as:
a. mungbean
b. castor bean
c. rice bean
d. peanut
42
85. Determine the design freeboard for a canal with a 100% safety factor for
discharge. The canal bottom width is 1.2 meters and the inverse side slope
is 1.75. The design discharge is 10. 4427 m3/s; roughness coefficient is
.015 and the water surface slope is 5x10-3.
a. 0.40 m c. 1.98 m
b. 1.40 m d. 0.58 m
86-88. An unconfined aquifer is situated above a horizontal impervious base

and is composed of sand with a hydraulic conductivity of 12m/day. In this
aquifer, two fully penetrating ditches from a strip of land with a constant
width of 1250m. The water level in the left and right ditches rises to 8 and
12m above the impervious base, respectively. The recharge by rainfall is 7.5
mm/day. Evaporation losses amount to 2.5 mm/day.
86. Compute the flow into the right drain.
a. 3.509 m2 / day c. 2.741 m2 / day

b. 5.0715 m2 / day d.4.3035 m2 / day
87. Compute the flow into the left drain.
a. 3.509 m2 / day c. 2.741 m2 / day

b. 5.0715 m2 / day d.4.3035 m2 / day
88. Compute the maximum elevation of water table inside the strip of land.
a. 18.53 m
b. c. 16.41 m
c. 16.11 m
d. d. 18.70 m
89. The 60 cm deep rootzone of a soil has volumetric field capacity and
wilting point of 0.345 and 0.236 respectively. Crop consumptive use is
7.2 mm/day. Compute for the irrigation interval assuming there is 1.7 mm
daily rainfall and 80% allowable moisture depletion.
a. 8 days c. 10 days
b. 9 days d. 11 days
90. For the most efficient trapezoidal cross-section:
a. width of the bottom=1.5 of the depth

b. width of the top=sum of sides
c. width of the bottom=twice the depth
d. width of the to=1/2 the sum of sides
91. A conveyance structure used to turn conduits of varying sizes and shapes.
a. cut off b. transition

c. weir d. chute
43
92. Surface irrigation method where a much smaller area is enclosed by
levees.
a. trickle irrigation b. drip irrigation

c. basin flooding d. flood routing
93. The critical depth in a rectangular channel with a bottom width of 4.0 m
for a discharge of 5 m3/s is
a. 0.34 m b. 0.44 m c. 0.54 m d. 0.64 m
94. That part of surface runoff that flows over the surface towards the
stream channel
a. Base flow
b. Direct runoff
c. Overland flow
d. Peak flow
95. Erosion of stream banks by flowing water.
a. Slip erosions
b. Wind erosions
c. Coastal erosions
95. A 30-inch diameter 1-meter long culvert has been designed to carry a
maximum discharge of 1.7 m3/s when flowing half-full. Its roughness
difference in elevation between the inlet and the outlet should be
a. 5 cm b. 7.5 cm c. 10 cm d. 12.5 cm
96. What is the depth of water in a trapezoidal channel with a sideslope of 2

and carrying a 2.5 m3/s water flow? The channel’s bottom width is 1.5 meters
and the flowing water has a velocity of 0.8 m/s.
a. 0.93m
b. 1.93m
c. 2.93m
d. 3.93m
97. A vertical section to the soil mass where significant changes in the soil
texture and structure with depth are observed
a. Soil profile
b. Soil structure
c. Soil texture
d. Soil taxonomy
44
98. The moisture content of the soil when tension is 1/3 atmosphere.
a. Field capacity
b. Saturation point
c. Wilting point
99. This refer to the additional height or depth of hydraulic structures
a. Flash board
b. Free board
c. Jump height
d. Critical dept
100. The rational method of determining runoff is applicable to.
a. Small watershed
b. Large watershed
c. Watershed with good vegetation
d. All watershed
45
SUBJECTS
(OMAR)
1. Refers to the number of days between irrigation periods without rainfall.
a. irrigation frequency
b. irrigation efficiency
c. Irrigation method
d. irrigation period
2. It is type of erosion where small channels are formed on the surface of

the soil
a. Splash
b. rill
c. sheet
d. gully
3. One in which a definite law of certainty exists
d. Barrow process
4. The other term for gravity well.
a. Confined well
b. Water table well
c. Deep well
d. Well on perched aquifer
5. A storm type occuring at the boundaries of warm moist air and dry cold
air.
a. Orographic storm
b. Frontal storm
c. Convective storm
6. The no. of days allowed for operating irrigation to a given design area
during the peak consumptive period of the crop being irrigated.
a. irrigation method b. irrigation period

c. irrigation frequency d. irrigation efficiency
46
7. A concrete-lined trapezoidal canal is to carry a maximum discharge of 2.0
m3/s. The required head loss over a horizontal distance of 1 km is 2.0 m. The
side slope is to be set at 1:1 and the permissible b/d ratio is 3. If the
Manning’s roughness coefficient is 0.015, the design depth required is
a. 0.42 m b. 0.56 m c. 0.64 m d. 0.78 m
8. A property associated with surface tension of liquid and manifested in the

rise and fall of liquids in small diameter tubes.
a. conduction b. capillary
c. cavitation d. condensation
9. Amount of rainfall in the rootzone.
a. consumptive use b. seepage

c. percolation d. effective rainfall

discharge of 5 m3/s on a bed material with a roughness n of 0.02 and a bottom
slope of 1 in 800 should have a bottom width of
a. 0.75 m b. 1.35 m c. 1.65 m d. 2.25 m
11. The soil has a field capacity of 22% and a permanent wilting point of 12
%, both on a dry mass basis. The apparent specific gravity is 1.4. If the
rootzone depth is 1.0 m and the management allowable deficit is 50%, the net
application depth is
a. 50 mm b. 60 mm c. 70 mm d. 80 mm
12. A 3-ha of cornfield is to be irrigated at a discharge of 250 lps. The

average available water holding capacity is 140 mm/m soil, the management
allowable deficit is 40%, and the rootzone depth is 0.5 m. The reference crop
potential evapotranspiration is 5 mm/day and the crop coefficient is 0.8.
Assuming 70% application efficiency, the irrigation period should be
a. 1 hr b. 1 ¼ hrs c. 1 1/3 hrs d. 1 ½ hrs
13. The soil has the following characteristics: porosity = 50 %, bulk density
= 1.25g/cc, residual moisture content is 15% dry mass. The rooting depth is
300 mm and the duration of land soaking is 5 days. If the evaporation and
percolation losses amount to 5 mm/day the gross land soaking requirement is
a. 15.75 mm/day
b. 17.75 mm/day
c. 22.75 mm/day
d. 27.75 mm/day
14. A notch of regular form through which the irrigation stream is made to
flow and flow built as either portable or stationary structures is called:
a. orifice b. parshall flume c. weir d. dam

47
15. For the most efficient circular cross-section, semi-circle the hydraulic
radius is equal to:
a. ¼ its radius b. its radius

c. ½ its radius d. ¼ its diameter
16. A hydraulic structure that serves as an outlet of water in irrigation

canals whereby water passes through and discharges into the main farm ditch
of service area is called
a. headgate
b. checkgate
c. turnout
d. offtake
17. The amount of water used in producing crop is:
a. water holding capacity b. critical growth stage

c. rooting characteristics d. percolation
18. Water that moves freely and drains out of the soil is:
a. gravitational
b. capillary
c. S.I.A.
d. hygroscopic
19. How much water should be applied to a 6 ha farm where the rooting depth
is 80 cm if it is in its permanent wilting point? Volumetric moisture
contents are 0.15 and 0.32 for permanent wilting point and field capacity,
respectively.
a. 1,160m3
b. 4,160m3
c. 6,160m3
d. 8,160m3
20. Sugarcane is to be irrigated using sprinkler irrigation. The sprinkler

spacing is 12.2 m while the lateral spacing is 18.3 m. The soil water holding
capacity is 120 mm/m, crop rooting depth is 1.0 m and management allowable
deficit is 45%. If the irrigation period is 12 hrs and the application
efficiency is 70%, the required sprinkler discharge is
a. 0.2 lps b. 0.3 lps c. 0.4 lps d. 0.5 lps
21. In drainage, open channel is often referred to as:
a. canals b. traps c. manholes d. drains
22. The direct attraction of similar molecules between similar molecules.
a. collision b. attraction c. repulsion d. cohesion

48
23. Groundwater is to be pumped from a shallow aquifer for irrigation
purposes. The required discharge is 300 gpm. The suction head is 8 ft and the
maximum drawdown is 10 ft. The friction and minor losses are 0.45 ft and 0.3
ft, respectively. If the pump efficiency is 60%, the theoretical input power
required is
a. 2.0 hp b. 2.2 hp c. 2.4 hp d. 3.0 hp
24. A temporary method of drainage artificially produced in the subsoil with

digging a trench from the surface.
a. canal
b. flood routing
c. transition
d. mole drain
25. The depth of water in mm or inches to be removed in 24 hr period from

the drainage area.
a. infiltration rate
b. drainage coefficient
c. infiltration
d. percolation
26. Other terms for drip irrigation are __________ irrigation and __________
irrigation. This type of overhead irrigation operates at low pressure.
a. trickle – micro
b. sprinkle – slide
c. trickle – border
d. corrugation – trickle
27. Evapotranspiration in an 8 ha farm is 7 mm/day and percolation losses is

2 mm/day. What is the design discharge of a canal to be able to deliver a 5-
day requirement of the farm in 24 hours if irrigation efficiency is 75%?
a. 200m3/hr
b. 400m3/hr
c. 600m3/hr
d. 800m3/hr
28. It is the average interval of time within the magnitude of given event
will be equaled or exceeded at least once on the average.
a. period of exceedence
b. hydrologic frequency
c. return period
d. all of the above
29. Ratio of the bulk density to the density of water.
a. oven-dry weight
b. apparent specific gravity
c. soil volume
d. porosity
49
30. One thousand two hundred and fifty cubic meters of water was delivered to
a 10 ha farm for the month of June in which the consumptive use is estimated
at 8 mm/day. The effective rainfall for the period was 150 mm. What is the
irrigation efficiency?
a. 52% b.62% c.72% d.82%
31. In open channel, the term A/P is:
a. hydraulic gradient
b. hydraulic radius
c. hydraulic conductivity
d. hydraulics
32. These are usually rural traders or barrio buyers who do accumulation of
the produce of individual farmers and bulk these for storage or for
distribution to wholesalers
a. assemblers
b. wholesalers
c. retailers
d. agents and brokers
33. It is used to divide and distribute the flow of water at desired

direction usually placed or built in main farm ditch to divert water to
supplementary farm ditches.
a. spill wall
b. turnout
c. flume
d. division box
34. In designing an open channel, it is necessary to know what the material

firming the channel bed is to know the value of:
a. roughness coefficient
b. side slope
c. bed slope
d. bottom slope
35. This refers to wants for specific satisfiers backed up by an ability and
willingness to buy them.
a. need
b. want
c. demand
d. value
36. An irrigation method formed by building longitudinal levees approximately

parallel to the contour and connecting them at a desirable places with levees
at right angle.
a. check contour
b. border
c. basin
d. furrow
50
37. A device used to control the flow of water to or from a pipeline.
a. Inlet
b. gate
c. weir
d. flume
38. Determine the head loss in a 4” aluminum lateral 500 ft long if sprinkler
spacing is 50 ft. Sprinkler discharge is 0.25 lps.
a. 2.72ft b.3.72ft c.4.72ft d.5.72ft
39. A closed conduit usually circular, square or rectangular in cross

section, used for conveying water across and under an elevated roadway,
embankment and dikes.
a. gate b.culvert c.canal d.drop
40. This is a marketing function which facilitates transfer of ownership
a. assembly b. storage c. negotiation d. grading
41. It also refers to consumptive use by crops.
a. evapotranspiration
b. water circulation
c. saturation vapor pressure
d. osmosis
42. It is natural or artificial channel that shortens a meandering stream.
a. cut off b. drawdown

c. chutes d. transition
43. A concept used to evaluate the losses of water during irrigation from the
time it leaves that source to the point of use.
a.irrigation efficiency b. drainage efficiency

c.Discharge flow rate d. nota
44. This is oftentimes not considered a marketing activity, but it is a

marketing function. This is because agricultural products must pass through
some levels of transformation before being made available to the users. This
marketing function increases marketability of products by changing product
forms.
a. packaging/packing
b. grading
c. storage
d. processing
51
45. The most simple form of open channel flow computation is:
a. unsteady uniform flow

b. steady non-uniform flow
c. steady uniform
d. unsteady non-uniform
46. These are intermediaries who deal directly with the end-users or the
consumers. They are the wholesalers’ partners in distribution activities.
a. agents b. retailers c. assemblers d. brokers
47. The soil has the following characteristics: porosity = 50 %, bulk density
= 1.25g/cc, residual moisture content is 15% dry mass. The rooting depth is
300 mm and the duration of land soaking is 5 days. If the evaporation and
percolation losses amount to 5 mm/day the gross land soaking requirement is.
a. 17.75mm/day
b. 27.75mm/day
c. 37.75mm/day
d. 47.75mm/day
48. The speed at which water flows in channel is:
a. velocity b. discharge
c. runoff d. volumetric flow
49. It is equal to the cross-sectional area times the velocity of flow.
c. evaporation d. runoff
a. hygroscopic water b. capillary water

c. gravitational water d. sea water
51. It is the state of felt deprivation of some basic satisfaction
a. need b. want c. demand d. exchange
52. It is the most elaborate method of computing potential

evapotranspiration:
a. Blaney-Criddle b. Jensen-Haise
c. Hargreaves d. Penman
53. Methods of supplying water in the basin
a. direct supply and cascade supply

b. flooding and pumping
c. sprinkling and dripping
d. wild flooding and pressurized supply
52
54. It is anything offered for sale, attention, and acquisition
a. prospect
b. target market
c. product
d. market segment
55. Which is not part of the macro-environment?
a. demographic
b. suppliers of raw materials
c. technological
d. politico-legal
56. Groundwater is to be pumped from a shallow aquifer for irrigation

purposes. The required discharge is 300 gpm. The suction head is 8 ft and the
maximum drawdown is 10 ft. The friction and minor losses are 0.45 ft and 0.3
ft, respectively. If the pump efficiency is 60%, the theoretical input power
required is.
a. 5.4Hp b.4.4Hp c.3.4Hp d.2.4Hp
57. Same as interflow
a. Surface runoff
d. Runoff volume
58. It is the ratio of the dry weight of the soil to the weight of the water
with volume equal to the soil bulk volume.
a. particle density c. real specific gravity

b. bulk density d.apparent specific gravity
59. It accounts for the losses in an irrigation system from the water source
and prior to delivery of water into the field ditches.
a. evaporation c. diversion efficiency

b. application efficiency d. conveyance efficiency
60. A geologic formation that contains water but do not have the capacity to
transmit it.
a. aquifuge c. aquitard
b. aquifer d. aquiclude
61. Compute the land soaking requirement for a soil ( depth of rootzone = 60cm)
with residual moisture content of 18 % by weight, bulk density of 1,320 kg/m3
and porosity of 50%. Standing water for planting is 20 mm.
a. 177.44 mm c. 253.44 mm
b. 157.44 mm d. 273.44 mm
53
62. Farm water requirement minus the application losses is the_______.
a. diversion water requirement

b. farm irrigation requirement
c. application efficiency
d. land preparation water requirement
63. What is the rootzone depth of a farm with land soaking requirement of 90mm
if the soil porosity is 45%, residual moisture content is 18% (by weight) and
bulk density is 1,250kg/m3?
a. 35cm c. 40cm
b. 45cm d. 60cm
64. This results from overlapping radii of influence of neighboring wells.
a. drawdown c. well interference

b. groundwater decline d. drawdown curve
65. In furrow irrigation, the rate of water application should be __________

the intake rate of the soil.
a. less than c. equal to

b. greater than d. not related to
66. For an 10 m x10m sprinkler spacing, what is the design sprinkler throw for
a 50% overlap?
a. 15 m c. 8 m
b. 7.5 m d. 5 m
67. Four liters per second is equal to
a. 14.4 m3/hr c. both a and b

b. 63.41 gpm d. neither a nor b
68. Irrigation method used fore row crops wherein only a part of the surface
is wetted.
a. basin flooding c. border irrigation

b. furrow irrigation d. border-strip flooding
69. What is the design discharge of a canal to be able to deliver a 6-day

requirement of a 6-ha farm in 9 hours if the irrigation requirement is 8mm/day?
a. 88.9 m3/s c. 0.889 m3/s

b. 8.89 m3/s d. 0.0889 m3/s
70. The amount of drainage water to be removed per unit time per unit area is
the____.
a. drainage requirement c. drain spacing

b. drainage coefficient d. drainage volume
54
71. In Hooghoudt’s drain spacing formula it is assumed that _____.
a. The water table is in equilibrium w/ the rainfall or irrigation water.

b. The drains are evenly spaced.
c. Darcy’s law is valid for flow through the soils.
d. All of the above.
72.______ is a mathematical expression for the macroscopic flow of water

through a porous system.
a. Steady state groundwater flow equation

b. Darcy’s Law
c. Laplace Equation
d. Scobey’s Equation
73. It is the soil moisture constant describing the amount of moisture retained
by the soil against a suction pressure of 1/3 atmosphere.
a. field capacity c. permanent wilting point

b. hygroscopic moisture d. saturation point
74. The infiltration equation based on the exhaustion process is the _____.
a. Lewis-Kostiakov’s c. Philip’s
b. Horton’s d. Darcy’s
75. Run-off is the difference between the gross depth of irrigation water and
the____.
a. net depth requirement

b. depth that infiltrated
c. crop evapotranspiration
d. water use rate
76. It is the type of sprinkler irrigation system where the number of laterals
installed is equal to the total number of lateral positions.
a. hand move system c. special type

b. periodic move d. set system
77. In a drip system, the allowable pressure variation in a lateral with

minimum and average head of 1.51 and 1.38 mters respectively is _____.
a. 0.185 psi c. 0.370 psi

b. 0.462 psi d. 0.130 psi
78. The head in an emitter discharging 4 liters of water per hour and with
discharge coefficient of 0.798 and exponent of 0.5 is___.
a. 6.4 m c. 10 m
b. 5 m d. 1.8 m
79. Computer aided method wherein it averages estimated precipitation at all
points of a superimposed grid.
55
c. Isohyetal
d. Thiessen polygon
80-81. A soil with root zone depth of 1.2 meters has 24% initial volumetric
moisture content, volumetric field capacity of 30%, permanent wilting point
of 15% and 50% allowable moisture depletion.
80. Determine the initial depth of water in the soil.
a. 43.2 mm c. 288 mm
b. 270 mm d. 360mm
81. When soil water reaches or falls below ____, irrigation should be
done.
a. 43.2 mm c. 288 mm
b. 270 mm d. 360mm
82. The field is installed with hand-moved system and 2 sets of laterals can
be installed per day. Calculate the minimum numbers of laterals that can be
installed per set if there are 5 operating days per irrigation interval.
a. 2 c. 3
b. 4 d. 1
83. Natural drainage occurs when the soil water reaches or exceeds a depth of
_____.
a. 43.2 mm c. 288 mm
b. 270 mm d. 360mm
84. It is a surface irrigation system where the area is subdivided by dikes

and water flows over these dikes from one subdivision to another.
a. border irrigation c. basin irrigation

b. furrow irrigation d. corrugation irrigation
85. Distribution control structures placed across an irrigation ditch to block

the flow temporarily and to raise the upstream water level.
a. turnouts c. culverts
b. checks d. weirs
86. Using Scobey’s equation for friction loss, a lateral with 10 sprinklers
has a reduction coefficient of ____.
56
a. 0.3766 c. 0.200
b. 0. 100 d. zxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx0.3964
87. Which is not a component of the impact arm of an impact sprinkler?
a. nozzle c. vane
b. counterweight d. spoon

was tapped by a 4” shallow tubewell. With a radius of influence of 2500 ft,
determine the maximum discharge of the STW in liters per second. Assume an
allowable drawdown of 12 ft.
a. 22.17 c. 62.71
b. 20.57 d. 25.63
89. Used when there is skewness in the data distribution
a. Gamma Density Function

b. Pearson Type III Distribution
c. Log-Normal Distribution
d. Normal Distribution
91. Governed by chance; time series INDEPENDENT
d. Barrow process
91. Station locations and amounts of rainfall are plotted on a suitable map,
and contours of equal precipitation (isohyets) are then drawn.

c. Isohyetal
d. Thiessen polygon
92. This method can be used if there is a piped water-distribution system where
a hose pipe can be connected to a tap or outlet and there is enough pressure
in the water as it emerges from the hose pipe
a. Hose pipe
b. Watering can
c. Drainage
93. In surface irrigation, the ratio between the gross amount of irrigation
water and the net requirement of the crop is the _____
57
a. application efficiency c. seepage
b. deep percolation d. runoff
94. It is an orderly sequence of planting crop in an area for a 365-day period.
a. cropping pattern c. crop sequence

b. crop combination d.cropping schedule
95. A 21.6mm/day water requirement is equivalent to
a. 23.8 gpm/ha c. 2.5 lps/ha

b. 0.9 lps/ha d. 14.3 gpm/ha
96-98. In a 5 ha area, it was determined that the soil volumetric field capacity
and permanent wilting points are 25% and 15% respectively. Crop consumptive
use is 5mm/day, application efficiency is 80% and irrigation application rate
is 32m3/hr. The allowable soil moisture depletion is 60%, apparent specific
gravity is 1.2 and the depth of rootzone is 0.8m.
96. Determine the net depth of irrigation water to be applied
a. 80 mm c. 24 mm
b. 48 mm d. 36 mm
97. Determine the gross depth of irrigation water to be applied
a. 100 mm c. 64 mm
b. 60 mm d. 38 mm
98. The irrigation interval in days is ______.
a. 10 c. 9
b. 5 d. 4
99. Compute for the irrigation period in hours.
a. 93 c. 230
b. 47 d. 94
100. In the furrow irrigation, it is the difference between the depth of water
that infiltrated and the net depth requirement is the
a. runoff c. deep percolation

b. application losses d. seepage
58
SUBJECTS
(EDSIR)
1-3. A rectangular piece of land 180 m x 240 m is laid out with one-sided
sprinkler irrigation system. Laterals are set parallel to the longer side of
the field. Sprinkler spacing is 6m x 6m, irrigation water requirement is
150mm and irrigation period is 6 hours. Laterals are set on only one side of
the mainline
1. Calculate the sprinkler discharge
a. 0.500 lps c. 0.250 lps

b. 0.375 lps d. 0.125 lps
2. Determine the total number of lateral positions.
a. 30 c. 40
b. 20 d. 60
3. Determine the number of sprinklers per lateral.
a. 30 c. 40
b. 20 d. 60
4. If a soil sample is compacted:
a. its moisture content decreases

b. its porosity remains the same
c. its nutrient content diminishes
d. its bulk density increases
5-8. An unconfined aquifer is situated above a horizontal impervious base and

is composed of sand with a hydraulic conductivity of 8m/day. In this
width of 1200m. The water level in the left and right ditches rises to 6 and
10m above the impervious base, respectively. The recharge by rainfall is
7mm/day. Evaporation losses amount to 2 mm/day.
5. Determine the location of the stagnation point of the groundwater flow.
a. 557 m from left drain c. 557 m from right drain

b. 643 m from left drain d. 587 m from right drain
59
a. 2.787 m3 / day c. 0.213 m3 / day

b. 3.213 m3 /day d.4.287 m3 / day
a. 2.787 m3 / day c. 0.213 m3 / day

b. 3.213 m3 /day d.4.287 m3 / day
8. Compute the max and min elevation of water table inside the strip of land.
a. 11.259 m
b. 11.921 m
c. 12.302 m
d. 11.302 m
9. The moisture content of the soil when the tension is 1/3 atmosphere:
a. field capacity b. saturation point

c. wilting point d. wilting coefficient
10. This is a group of actual and potential buyers with similar needs and
wants interacting with sellers offering various products or services to
satisfy those needs and wants.
a. market b. prospects c. consumers d. retailers
11. It is the measure of the difference in ground level between two places in
a field is referred to as percentage. It is the number of meter difference in
elevation for each 100 m of horizontal distance.
c. land slope d. side slope
12. Applying small quantities of water through a network of tubing is

otherwise known as:
a. drip irrigation b. trickle irrigation

c. emitter irrigation d. any of the above
13. The most dominant species cultured in brackishwater in the country are:
a. Oyster and mussels

b. Mudcrab and grouper
c. Milkfish and shrimp
d. Tilapia and milkfish
60
14. It is a gate placed across a stream from which it is desired to divert
water:
a. check gate b. head gate

c. culvert d. spillway
15. Which of the following is not a major aquaculture species in the

Philippines?
a. Carp
b. Seaweeds
c. Salmon
d. Tiger prawn
the soil hydraulic conductivity is 12m/day and the water level at the drains
are 6 and 8 meters.
a. 3.007m2/hr
b. 0.007m2/hr
c. 1.007m2/hr
d. 2.007m2/hr
17. The part of the dam that releases surplus of flush flood water which
cannot be contained in the active storage of the reservoir.
a. freeborad b. spillway c. gates d. weir
18. This shrimp or prawn undergoes 11 larval stages to metamorphose to post

larvae:
a. Giant tiger prawn

b. Giant freshwater prawn
c. Whiteleg shrimp
d. Indian shrimp
19. The frequent slow application of water to the specific rootzone area of
the plant is called:
a. sprinkler irrigation b. trickle irrigation

c. flooding d. furrow irrigation
20. What is the line defined by the water level in a group of artesian wells?
a. water table
b. piezometric surface
c. specific yield
d. nota
61
21. Penaeid shrimps undergo these larval stages in sequence before they
become post larvae:
a. Nauplius, megalopa, instar

b. Nauplius, mysis, zoea,
c. Nauplius, zoea, mysis
d. Zoea, megalopa, instar
22. The sum total of head above the vapor pressure of the liquid being pumped
at a given pumping temperature.
a. Required net positive suction head

c. Pump static head
d. Total static head
23. In the identification of potential dam sites, which one is not part of
the guidelines?
a. high density population to supply the needed labor

b. availability of potential service area for irrigation, power,
domestic water supply, and flood control
c. availability of a narrow gorge for minimum earthwork for dam
embankment
d. topographic condition providing a wide and deep reservoir upstream
of the dam sites
24. The recommended pressure head variation in the lateral between the first
and the last sprinkler.
a.20% b. 50% c. 70% d. 100%
25. What is the expected annual rice production for a 5-ha farm with 140%
cropping intensity and 2 croppings per year if the average yield is 4 tons
per hectare?
a. 18tons
b. 28tons
c. 38tons
d. 48tons
26. The Philippines ranks as the world’s third largest producer of:
a. Shrimp
b. Sea cucumber
c. Milkfish
d. Seaweeds
27. If the suction lift is 6 m, the suited type of pump is
a. Axial flow b. Centrifugal

c. Submersible d. Mixed flow
62
28. The moisture content of the soil when the tension is 1.5 atmosphere.
a. Wilting point b. Wilting coefficient

c. Field capacity d. Saturation point
29. The rate at which water percolates through the soil surface.
a. Irrigation b. Drainage coefficient

c. Soil permeability d. Infiltration rate
30. Water like in estuarine areas with intermediate salinity due to the
mixing of fresh and sea water is referred to as:
a. Freshwater
b. Brackishwater
c. Seawater
d. Marine water
31. Difference in moisture content of soil between field capacity and

permanent wilting point.
a. Available moisture
b. Reality available moisture
c. Irrigation water requirement
d. Saturation capacity
32. The most simple form of open-channel flow computation is
a. unsteady uniform flow

b. Steady uniform flow
c. Steady non-uniform flow
d. Unsteady non-uniform flow
33. Breeding and growout production of commercially important marine species

are grown in zonified marine cages which the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic
Resources refers to as:
a. Industrial cage parks

b. Ocean cage parks
c. Seawater cage farms
d. Mariculture parks
34. For a 9m x 9m sprinkler spacing, what is the design sprinkler throw for a
40% overlap?
a. 3.3m b.4.3m c. 5.3m d. 6.3m
35. The sum total of water lost in a given area thru transpiration from
plants, evaporation from soil and water surface and for building tissues of
plants.
a. Consumptive use
b. Deep percolation
c. Runoff
d. Seepage
63
36. Eye ablation is a way of inducing females to spawn in:
a. Milkfish
b. Oysters
c. Mussels
d. Shrimp
37. Small water impounding management (SWIM) projects, in general, are those
small scale water impounding dams which have structural heights of not more
than.
a. 45 m
b. 50 m
c. 30 m
d. 100 m
38. The common name for Camelus dromedaries:
a. camel
b. buffalo
c. rabbit
d. guinea pig
30cm) with residual moisture content of 16% by weight, bulk density of 1,200
a. 102.4mm
b. 202.4mm
c. 302.4mm
d. 402.4mm
40. A piece of wire 120 meters long is bent to form a right triangle with a
hypotenuse 50 meters long. Find the length of the other two sides of the
triangle.
a. 30 m and 40 m
b. 35 meters
c. 50 m and 20 m
d. 45m and 25m
41. What is the term for capillary water in the smaller pore space of the
soil?
a. Interception
b. Depression storage
c. Basin recharge
d. Soil moisture
64
42. What is the term for water that penetrates into the soil and flows
laterally in the surface soil to a stream channel?
a. Runoff
b. interflow
c. Percolation
d. All of the above
43. After 2 hours of driving, Noel and Chester are 260 meters apart. Find
their average speed if their difference in speed is 30 km per hour (kph).
a. 100 and 130 kph

b. 50 and 80 kph
c. 80 and 110 kph
d. 30 and 60 kph
44. That which travels over the ground surface and through the channels to
reach the basin outlet
a. Surface runoff
d. Runoff volume
45. The amount of moisture content that is left from the soil 2-3 days after
heavy application of rain or irrigation water
a. Field Capacity
b. Wilting point
c. Excess water
d. Available water
46. Kim can do the job in 6 days but if Andre will help they can finish it in
2 days. How long will it take Andre to do the job alone?
a. 5 days b. 4 days c. 3 days d. 2 days
47. Soil less agriculture.
a. Hydrophonic
b. Hygrophonic
c. Barren
d. NOTA
48. Potential ability of the rain to cause erosion. It is a function of the

physical characteristics of the rainfall.
a. Erodibility
b. Erosivity
c. Susceptibility
d. Vulnerability
65
49. Wherein the soil is moistened in much the same way as rain
a. Hose pipe
b. Watering can
c. Drainage
50. Is the practice of growing different crops in alternate strips across the
slope to serve as barriers for soil erosion.
a. Cropping systems
c. Mulching
d. Strip cropping
51. Sugarcane is to be irrigated using sprinkler irrigation. The sprinkler

spacing is 12.2 m while the lateral spacing is 18.3 m. The soil water holding
capacity is 120 mm/m, crop rooting depth is 1.0 m and management allowable
deficit is 45%. If the irrigation period is 12 hrs and the application
efficiency is 70%, the required sprinkler discharge is.
a. 2.4lps b.1.4lps c.0.4lps d.3.4lps
52. Determine how many liters of an 8% acid solution and how many liters of a
10% acid solution should be mixed to obtain 10 liters of 9% acid solution.
a. 5 liters of each solution

b. 4 liters of the 8% ; 6 of the 10 %
c. 6 liters of the 8%; 4 liters of the 10%
d. 10 liters each
53. Characterize by irregular path of particle movements which keep of

crossing and re-crossing
a. Turbulent flow
b. Laminar flow
c. Steady flow
d. Uniform flow
54. Marketing overcomes the discrepancy wherein producers produce and sell in
large quantities while consumers prefer to buy and consume in small
quantities. This is discrepancy in
a. assortment
b. quantity
c. location
d. value
55. Constructed along the channel or waterway to control the velocity of

flowing water and encourage deposition of sediments carried by water
a. Riprap
b. Gabions
66
56. It is one of the realities of marketing. It includes actual and potential
rivals in product and service marketing
a. competition
b. marketing environment
c. supply chain
d. marketing channels
57. This system is used in rolling topography where drainage is necessary

only in small valleys.

c. Bedding system
d. Natural system
58. The key objectives of each of the 3 Cs of marketing must be attained to

be considered
a. profitable
b. effective
c. marketing-oriented
d. successful
59. Refers to the lateral movement of water along the soil profile
a. Percolation
c. Transpiration
d. Seepage
60. A 3-ha of cornfield is to be irrigated at a discharge of 250 lps. The

average available water holding capacity is 140 mm/m soil, the management
allowable deficit is 40%, and the rootzone depth is 0.5 m. The reference crop
potential evapotranspiration is 5 mm/day and the crop coefficient is 0.8.
Assuming 70% application efficiency, the irrigation period should be.
a. 1 1/3 hrs
b. 2 1/3 hrs
c. 3 1/3 hrs
d. 4 1/3 hrs
61. This is the set of tools a firm uses to pursue the marketing objectives
for the target market
a. marketing environment
b. marketing mix
c. marketing channels
d. relationship marketing
62. The difference in moisture content of the soil between field capacity and
the permanent wilting point.

67
63. This is an indispensable component of a firm to continuously satisfy
customers. It comes from having excess of sales over cost and expenses
a. sales
b. profit
c. revenues
d. market share
64. The amount of water a soil profile will hold against drainage by gravity
at a specified time (usually from 24 to 48 hours) after a thorough wetting
b. Volume of irrigation water
c. Permeability
d. Field capacity
65.___________ are products that underwent secondary or the second level of

transformation. These are in the forms which are for use by other industries
and processors but may not be consumed.
a. fresh agricultural products

b. finished products
c. semi-processed products
d. processed products
66. A field is divided into a series of strips by borders or ridges running

down the predominant slope or on the contour.
a. Border-strip flooding
b. Ordinary flooding
c. Herringbone Pattern
d. Gridiron Layout
67. Is the sum of transpiration and water evaporated from the soil, or
exterior portions of the plants where water may have accumulated from
irrigation, rainfall, dew, or exudation from the interior of the plants.
a. Percolation
c. Transpiration
d. Seepage
68. These are activities that create faster and more efficient performance of
other marketing activities. These include market intelligence and marketing
information dissemination, financing, provision of marketing support
facilities, and promotions.
a. transactional activities
b. physical handling and distribution of products
c. facilitating activities
d. agroservices activities
68
69. The soil has a field capacity of 22% and a permanent wilting point of 12
%, both on a dry mass basis. The apparent specific gravity is 1.4. If the
rootzone depth is 1.0 m and the management allowable deficit is 50%, the net
application depth is.
a.70mm b.80mm c.90mm d.100mm
70. This is a continuous function of marketing. The objective of this

function is to inform prospective buyers of product availability and also to
increase sales.
a. pricing
b. promotion
c. research and development
d. distribution
71. This is used if the main source of excess water is drainage from hill
lands. The drains are placed along the toe of the slope to protect the
bottom land.
a. Ordinary flooding
b. Herringbone Pattern
c. Gridiron Layout
d. Intercepting Drain
72. A piece of land divided into strips by small earth bunds usually sloping
uniformly away from the farm channel in the direction of water flow to
irrigate similar crops and soil.
a. Basin
b. Contour
c. Borders
d. Ponds
73. The scientific name of eggplant:
a. Solanum melongena
b. Hibiscus esculantus
c. Lyconpersicon esculantum
d. Moringa oleifera
74. Small earth embankment or dam built around each basin to hold water
without leakage while it is infiltrate.
a. Ponds
b. Border
c. Bunds
d. Basin
69
75. It is the art and practice of crop production:
a. farming
b. edaphology
c. pathology
d. fishing
76. Refers to the proportion of Carbon and Nitrogen in fresh organic matter,
humus, and whole soil:
a. alkalinity
b. C:N Ratio
c. dry matter
d. salinility
77. Because of the variability in agricultural outputs, ___________ must be

done to facilitate buying, selling, transportation, storage, and pricing of
the produce. This is also done to standardize measurements, which could be in
terms of size, weight, and overall quality.
a. grading
b. assembly
c. negotiation
d. packing/packaging
78. Volume of water to be applied to increase a the soil moisture content

from an initial to final value
b. Volume of irrigation water
c. Permeability
d. Field capacity
79. Coarse-textured soils generally have
a. lower water holding capacity

b. higher water holding capacity
c. minimal water holding capacity
80. The amount of pure N in a 50-kg bag of urea (46-0-0)
a. 32 kg b. 23 kg c. 15 kg d. 10 kg
81. Agronomics crops consist of:
a. cereal crops e.g rice, corn

b. fiber crops e.g. maguey, sisal
c. turf grasses e.g. Bermuda
d. a and b only
70
82. These are the types of middlemen who do the business of negotiating in
behalf of the producers and the buyers. They do not assume ownership of the
products that they are handling.
a. retailers
b. wholesalers
c. assemblers
d. agents and brokers
83. This is a fairly homogeneous group of customers who will respond to

marketing mix in a similar way
a. market potential
b. market segment
c. market prospects
d. target market
84. The moisture content of the soil when the gravitational water has been
removed
a. Available water
b. Field Capacity
c. Permanent wilting point
d. Readily available moisture
85. This is the proportion of a company’s total sales of a product during a

defined duration in a specific market or geographical area
a. primary demand
b. market share
c. market potential
d. profit
86. Applying a small amount of water through a network of tubing.
a.Drip irrigation
b.Emitter irrigation
c.Trickle irrigation
d.All of the above

discharge of 5 m3/s on a bed material with a roughness n of 0.02 and a bottom
slope of 1 in 800 should have a bottom width of.
a. 1.65m b.1.10m c.1.95m d.1.25m
88. This is the consumer’s estimate of the overall capacity of the product to
meet desired needs and wants
a. satisfaction
b. delight
c. quality
d. value
71
89. This describes the long process which starts from raw material sourcing
to the marketing of the final products
a. supply chain
b. marketing mix
c. marketing channels
d. transactions
90. Water that moves freely and drains out of the soil.
a. Hygroscopic water
b. Capillary water
c. Gravitational water
d. none
91. Marketing overcomes several separations. One of these is ____________.

This happens when producers tend to locate where it is economical to produce
while consumers are located in many scattered locations.
a. Separation in Time
b. Separation in Information
c. Separation in Location
d. Separation in Value
92. The pressure under a gravity dam producing an overturning effect
a. Uplift pressure
b. Downward pressure
c. Foundation Pressure
93. This is a fairly homogeneous group of people or organizations to whom a

company wishes to appeal.
a. market segment
b. target market
c. market potential
d. market prospects
94. The relative proportion of primary particles (sand, silt and clay) in the
soil
a. Soil Texture
b. Soil Structure
c. Porosity
d. dry weight basis
95. Value can be increased by:
a. raising benefits
b. reducing costs
c. raising benefits by more than the raise in costs
d. all of the above
72
96. Ratio of the particle density of the soil with the density of water; it
is the ratio of the weight of soil to the weight of water with volume equal
to the volume of the soil particles alone
a. Bulk density
b. Particle density
97. The value chain consists of primary activities and support activities. An
example of a support activity is:
a. procurement
b. inbound logistics
c. operations
d. all of the above
98. The most elaborate method of computing potential Evapotranspiration
a. Blaney-craddle
b. Jensen-haise
c. hargreaves
99. The measure of the potential of a soil to give up or exchange positively

charged ions or molecules:
a. alkalinity
b. salinity
c. CEC
d. fertility
100. The pH range of a neutral soil:
a. 2.1-3.1
b. 7.4-8.1
c. 6.6-7.3
d. 4.4-5.1
73
SUBJECTS
(ALTHANI)
1. Irrigation before final seedbed preparation and planting; a method to

insure adequate moisture for the germination of crop seeds:
a. drip-irrigation
b. intermittent
c. pre-irrigation
d. post-irrigation
2. Finger-like rills appear on the soil surface.
a. Gully erosion
b. Rill erosions
c. Interill erosions
d. Sheet erosions
3. This is done to “homogenize” markets
a. prospecting
b. target marketing
c. exchange
d. segmentation
4. Method of supplying water in the basin
a. Direct and cascade supply

b. Flooding and pumping
c. Sprinkling and dripping
5. In a well) is the difference in elevation between the groundwater table

and the water surface at the well when pumping.
a. Static head
c. Drawdown
6. In which of the following is the word STATISTICS used in the singular

sense?
I. The statistics on teen-age pregnancy bring concerns to parents of UPLB
students.
74
II. The different statistics courses offered by the INSTAT are useful to most
students who are going to conduct research in the future.
a. I only
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I nor II
7. Banawe rice terraces is a
a. Broad base terrace

b. Conservation terrace
c. Bench terrace
d. All of the above
8. Total of time to peak and recession time
a. Base flow time

b. Base time
c. Overland flow time
d. Peak flow time
9. Results from mechanical lifting of the air mass over mountain barriers.
a. Frontal
b. Non Frontal
10. Which of the following made use of inferential statistics?

I. According to the survey conducted by Pulse Asia Inc. using randomly
selected respondents, thirteen party-groups would have won at least one seat
in Congress had the elections been held during the first week of the month.
II. Based on the complete list of voters for District 5 of Manila, 300
eligible voters have exactly the same name.
a. I only
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I nor II
11-12.To characterize the habits of UPLB students enrolled for the school
year 2007-08 in using the library, the following information were asked from
each student:
F – frequency of using the library (Everyday, Thrice-a-week, Once-a-week ,
Never)
H – average number of hours spent in the library per week
S – library section most frequently visited (Reserve, Circulation,
Periodicals)
I – IQ score
Y – student classification (1 – Freshman, 2 – Sophomore, 3 – Junior, 4 -
Senior, 5 – Graduate)
N – number of books borrowed this semester
M – major field of specialization
75
11. The universe in the study is the set of _________________.
a. all UPLB students

b. all UPLB students enrolled for the school year 2007-08
c. all freshmen students enrolled for the school year 2007-08
d. students who have visited the library at least once
12. Which of the following is(are) TRUE?
I. The variables H, I and Y are quantitative and are of the ratio, interval
and nominal levels, respectively.
II. The variables S and F are qualitative variables and are of the nominal
and ordinal levels, respectively.
a. I only
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I nor II

I. The variables N and Y are both discrete quantitative variables.
II. The variable I is a quantitative variable in the interval scale.
a. I only
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I nor II
14. The relative proportion of sand, silt and clay determine the.
a. Soil texture
b. Soil particles
c. Soil profile
d. Soil structures
15. The rate of infiltration from a furrow into the soil.
b. Intake rate
c. Permeability
d. Saturation point
16. The most appropriate method to use in order to present the trend of the
performance of Maquiling School graduates in the UP Rural Entrance Exam over
the last 25 years is ______________.
a. textual
b. qualitative FDT
c. graphical
d. quantitative FDT
17. The soil contains more or less equal amounts of sand, silt and clay?
a. Acid soil
b. Volcanic soil
c. Alkaline soil
76
18. A concrete-lined trapezoidal canal is to carry a maximum discharge of 2.0
m3/s. The required head loss over a horizontal distance of 1 km is 2.0 m. The
side slope is to be set at 1:1 and the permissible b/d ratio is 3. If the
Manning’s roughness coefficient is 0.015, the design depth required is.
a. 0.56m
b. 1.56m
c. 2.56m
d. 3.56m
19. Which is the best method of irrigation for irregular topography?
a. flooding b. furrow
c. sprinkling d. sub-irrigation
Consider the table below.
20. How many firms earned less than P4 million?
a. 12.5 b. 6 c. 3 d. 3.48
21. Which is the best method of irrigation for row crops?
a. flooding b. furrow
c. sprinkling d. sub-irrigation
Consider the frequency distribution table below of the number of text
messages Anne received per day last September.
a. About 96.67% of the number of text messages Anne received per day
last September is greater than six and less than 29.
b. About 33.33% of the number of text messages Anne received per day
last September is greater than 12.
c. Twenty percent of the number of text messages Anne received per day
last September ranges from 0 to 11.
d. Thirty percent of the number of text messages Anne received per day
last September ranges from 24 to 29.
77
23. A farmer has 2,400 feet of fencing and wants to fence off a rectangular
field that border a straight river. He needs no fence along the river. What
are the dimensions of the field that has the largest area?
a. 60 by 120
b. 600 by 1,200
c. 24 by 100
d. 10 by 240
For numbers 66 to 68: The following summarizes the amount of soft drinks
consumed per month (ounces) by 200 residents of Brgy. San Lorenzo, San Pablo
City:
24. The average amount of soft drinks consumed per month by residents of
Brgy. San Lorenzo, San Pablo City is ________.
a. 70 b. 100 c. 130 d. 156
25. Seventy five percent of the residents consumed at most ________ amount of
soft drinks per month (ounces).
a. 70 b. 100 c. 130 d. 150
26. A topographically delineated area which drains into a reference point in

the stream.
b. Seepage
c. Percolation
d. Watershed
27. If the depth changes smoothly over a distance

b. Turbulent flow
c. Laminar flow
d. Gradually varied flow
28. The most appropriate measure of central tendency is ________.
a. maximum b. mean c. median d. mode

29. The mean height of this year’s batch of graduating Prep students in a
private school is 88 cm. Two students are extremely tall when compared to
their classmates. The height distribution of this batch of students is
_____________.
a. symmetric
b. normal
c. positively skewed
d. negatively skewed
78
30. The submain is laid in a depression and the laterals join the submain
from each side alternately.
d. Gridiron Layout
31. Interval between corresponding points on successive terraces
c. Contour line
d. Contour map
32. It is the environmentally and genetically determined observable

appearance of an organism; the expression of genes which can be measured by
our senses. What we see in an animal for some trait.
a. genotype
b. phenotype
c. generation
d. pedigree
33. A term that is used to explain the fact that the hybrids or crossbreed
are usually better and more vigorous than their parents.
a. heterosis or hybrid vigor

b. halitosis or hybrid superiority
c. heserosis or hybrid superiority
d. hesterosis or hybrid vigor
34. Location of the rain gauges are plotted on the map of the area and
stations are connected by straight lines.

c. Isohyetal
d. Thiessen polygon
35. A 30-inch diameter 1-meter long culvert has been designed to carry a
maximum discharge of 1.7 m3/s when flowing half-full. Its roughness
difference in elevation between the inlet and the outlet should be.
a. 5cm b. 10cm c.15cm d.20cm
36. Period during which the reproductive organs first become functional
a. heredity
b. puberty
c. adulthood
d. maturity
79
37. The ratio of water stored in the root zone during the irrigation to the
water needed in the root zone prior to irrigation, expressed in percent.

38. The carcass or carcass parts coming from animals sufficiently mature and
healthy.
a. filly b. colt c. chevon d. meat
39. Downward movement of water within the soil.
b. Seepage
c. Percolation
d. Watershed
40. Meat that is derived from cattle that is less than one year old, or meat
from calf.
a. hot meat b. venison c. veal d. mutton
41. This system is often used if the bottom of the depression is wide since
it reduces the lengths of the laterals and eliminates the break in slope of
the laterals at the edge of the depression.

c. Bedding system
d. Natural system
42. The ratio of the dry weight of the soil to the volume of the soil
particles
a. Bulk density
b. Particle density
43. Glands that secrete chemical mediators called hormones that regulate
growth and development, metabolism, reproduction, stress responses, body and
tissue fluid, and electrolyte balance.
a. mammary glands
b. endocrine glands
c. resistive glands
d. maturity glands
80
44. Water is applied from field ditches to guide its flow and it is difficult
to attain high irrigation efficiency using this method.
d. Gridiron Layout
45. The pigs farrowed by a sow or the pups whelped by a bitch at one delivery
period; also the accumulation of materials used for bedding of farm animals.
a. trash
b. litter
c. pool
d. crib
46. The period from conception to birth of the young.
a. mastication b. lactation c. fecundation d. gestation
47. Are specially shaped and stabilized channel sections which may also be
used to measure flow and are generally less inclined than weirs to prevent
floating debris and sediments from detention
a. Culvert
b. Vengineering
c. Drop structures
d. Flume
48. Impregnation or fertilization
a. mastication
b. lactation
c. fecundation
d. gestation
49. Which is not directly related to the small water impounding project
a. To control flood and erosion

b. For supplementary irrigation
c. For power generation and fish culture
50. The hormone that causes ovulation of the reproductive tract in birds is
called
a. luteinizing hormone
b. growth hormone
c. mammary hormone
d. gestation hormone
81
51. A small drain constructed at the end of each boarder to remove excess
surface water.
a. Main drain
b. Tail drain
c. Open drain
52. A hydraulic shock occur when water flowing to pipe undergoes sudden
changes in velocity.
a. Cavitation
b. Hydraulic ram
c. Centrifugal force
d. Water hammer
53. SWIM Project in general are those small scale water impounding dam which
have structural height of not more than
a. 45 m
b. 30 m
c. 50 m
d. 100 m
54. Depth changes along the length of channel
a. Laminar flow
d. Varied flow
55. The formation of cavities filled with the liquid vapor due to a local
pressure drop and their collapse as soon as the vapor bubbles reach regions
of high pressure.
a. Cavitation
b. Hydraulics ram
c. Centrifugal force
d. Water hammer
56. The arrangements of primary particles in the soil into units or peds
a. Soil Texture
b. Soil Structure
c. Porosity
d. dry weight basis
57. An instrument used to measure the water velocity
a. Weir
b. Flume
c. Speedometer
d. Current meter
82
58. Which irrigation method has the best control of water supplied?
a. flooding
b. furrow
c. sprinkling
d. sub-irrigation
59. The locus of the elevation to which water will rise in a piezometric
tube.
a. hydraulic gradient
b. energy gradient
c. Friction gradient
d. velocity gradient
60. The power theoretically required to lift a given quantity of water each
second to specified height.
b. Water horsepower
c. Brake horsepower
d. Barrow process
61. It is the series of processes by which an organism takes in and

assimilates food for promoting growth and replacing worn-out or injured
tissues:
a. digestion
b. metabolism
c. lactation
d. nutrition
62. Term usually applied to microorganisms that require oxygen to live and
reproduce:
a. anaerobic
b. aerobic
c. mesophilic
d. thermophilic
63. A structure for passing out water not needed for storage or diversion.
a. Water way structure

b. Spillway
c. Drop structure
d. Watershed structure
64. The most stable and chief component of most soil on volumetric basis
a. Chemical element
b. Water
c. Mineral particles
d. Air
65. A habit of some fowls of picking at or eating other fowls:
a. cannibalism
b. curing
c. mating
d. underpinning
83
66. The soil characteristic determining the maximum rate at which water can
enter the soil under specific conditions including the presence of excess
water is:
a. Infiltration
b. Capillarity
c. Infiltration rate
d. Surface tension
b. Gravitational water
c. Capillary water
d. Sea water
68. Detachment and transport of soil by concentrated flow of water creating

shallow rills or furrows.
b. Rill erosion
c. Gully erosion
69. A management system wherein nutrients in the soil are being enhanced
and/or maintain to support plant growth is:
a. soil management
b. water management
c. cropping management
d. fertilization
70. Fruit cracking occurs when fluctuation of water supply occurs on

this/these plants:
a. tomato
b. eggplant
c. sweet pepper
d. a and b only
71. Example/s of biofertilizers is/are:
a. Nitro plus which contains Rhizobium bacteria

b. Bio-N containing Azosprillum
c. Mycovam containing mycorrhizae
d. all of the above
72. Metabolic process by which complex substances are converted by living
cells into more simple compounds
a. catabolism b. anabolism c. homogenism d. metabolism
73. For a dam to called SWIM Project the volume of storage should not exceed
a. 50 million cu.m
b. 75 million cu.m
c. 100 million cu.m
d. 125 million cu.m
84
74. The term that pertains to the end product of decomposition
a. slime b. sludge c. humus d. organic matter
75. Groundwater as a source of water for plant growth thru capillary action
is effective only if the groundwater is?
a. Above the root zone

b. Within the depth from which the major needs ofthe plants are
extracted
c. Way above the rootzone
d. all of the above
76. Temporary detainment of water in farm pond and dams to mitigate the
erosive capacity of water
a. Riprap
b. Gabions
c. Diversion canal
77. The process of converting soil Nitrate into gaseous Nitrogen or Nitrous
Oxide.
a. ammonification
b. nitrification
c. denitrification
d. siltation
78. In the identification of potential dam site, which one is not a part of
the guideline
a. Availability of narrow gorge for minimum earth work for dam

embankment
b. Topographic condition providing a wide and deep reservoir upstream
of the dam site
c. Availability of potential service area for irrigation, power,
domestic water supply and flood control
d. NOTA
79. Motion of a float is recorded on a graph
a. Float method
c. Bubbler gage
d. Crest stage gage
80. Water which has been absorbed from an atmosphere of water vapor as a
result of attractive forces in the surface of the particles.
a. groundwater
c. capillary water
d. gravitational water
85
81. Mixed flow pumps are used for:
a. High head, high discharge operation

b. low head, high discharge operation
c. high head, low discharge operation
d. low head, low discharge operation
82. A tube or shaft vertically set into the ground for the purpose of
bringing groundwater to the soil surface from a depth of less than 20 meters
by suction lifting
a. Headworks
c. Shallow tubewell
d. Secondary canal
83. Water held by the surface tension forces as a continuous film around the
particles and in the capillary spaces
a. groundwater
c. capillary water
84. The best way of managing a farm with high water table to obtain optimum
yield is
a. Frequent application of high irrigation thru sprinkler during the

growth season
b. Application of heavy sprinkler irrigation during the rainy season
c. Application of large amount of irrigation water by a surface method
during the growing season
d. Non-application of water during the entire period of growing season
85. The quotient of the weight of a volume of dry soil including air space
and weight of an equal volume of water is:
a. apparent specific gravity*

b. real specific gravity
c. porosity
d. nota
86. Removal of excess water in the soil to create conditions suitable for
plant growth.
a. Hose pipe
b. Watering can
c. Drainage
86
87. Water that is not held by soil but drains under the influence of gravity.
a. groundwater
c. capillary water
88._________ are remains of plants and animals in varying stages of

decomposition
a. humus b. organic matter c. slime d. sludge
89. The water duty at the farm level is 2.0lps/ha. If the application
efficiency is 70% and the conveyance efficiency is 80% the diversion water
requirement is.
a. 1.5lps/ha
b. 2.5lps/ha
c. 3.5lps/ha
d. 4.5lps/ha
90. A flower with all the parts of the perianth and pistil and stamen.
a. perfect flower
b. complete flower
c. complete & perfect flower
d. fertile flower
91. Considers further the skewness of the logarithmically transformed

hydrologic data; preferred for flood flow frequency; log-normal distribution
is a special case of this method

92. It pertains to the starchy interior of a grain.
a. endosperm b. endocarp c. epicotyls d. ecotype
93. A land area drained by bodies of water is called
a. Watershed
b. Drainage area
c. Dam site
d. Borrow pits
87
94. It is the instrument used in measuring stream velocity.
a. anemometer
b. hydrograph
c. Current meter
95.___________ is the vertical section from the surface downward to the

bedrock, individual layers are regarded as horizons.
a. field profile
b. soil profile
c. water profile
d. plant profile
96. One among the ff. is not a major consideration for the SWIM Project
selection
a. Economically depressed and deprived regions

b. A multi project whenever possible
c. Areas with recurrent flooding
d. High population densities and heavy settlements
97. This is determined by placing an air-dry soil in a nearly saturated

atmosphere at 25°C until it absorbs no more water. This tension is equal to a
force of 31 atm. Water at this tension is not available to plants.
a. field capacity water
b. hygroscopic coefficient
c. gravitational coefficient
d. capillary coefficient
98. It is the circulation of water in the earth-atmosphere system.
a. Hydrology
b. Hydrologic cycle
c. Water balance
d. Water circulation
99. A watershed management strategy where the area is left alone in each
natural state and there is minimum or no interference from man is
a. Rehabilitation
b. Vegetation
c. Manipulation
d. Protection
100. A plant that thrives under medium conditions of moisture and salt
content of the soil.
a. mesophyte
b. sporophyte
c. thermophyte
d. agrophyte
88
SUBJECTS
(APS-APPAL)
1. In selecting the optimum capacity of the reservoir of a SWIM Project for

irrigation purposes, the reliability of the reservoir should be above
a. 80-85%
b. 30-40%
c. 50-60%
d. 60-70%
2. Discharge is constant with respect to time

b. Turbulent flow
c. Laminar flow
d. Steady flow
3. A triangular plot of land is to be used as a vegetable garden. The

measures of the plot are AB = 8 meters, BC = 12 meters and AC = 18 meters.
Find the measure of angle B.
a. 127.2° b. 20.7° c. 90° d. 70.2°
4. The mass of radium-226 is given by. Its half-life is 1,590 years. A sample
radium-226 has a mass of 1,000 mg. Find the mass after 1,000 years.
a. 65 mg b. 100 mg c. 165 mg d. 200 mg
5. It is the water retained about individual soil particles by molecular

action and can remove only by heating.
a. Permanent wilting point

b. Hygroscopic water
c. Hydroscopic water
d. All of the above
6. The selling price P of an item is 100 – 0.02x pesos, where x is the number
of items produced per day. If the cost C of producing and selling x items is
40x + 15,000, pesos per day, how many items should be produced and sold every
day in order to maximize the profit?
a. 1,000 b. 1,250 c. 1, 500 d. 2,000
7. A level land surrounded by earth bunds in which water can be ponded unti
it infiltrates into the soil
a. Basin
b. Border
c. Bunds
d. contour
89
8. A ladder 10 feet long rests against a vertical wall. If the bottom of the
ladder slides away from the wall at a rate of 1 ft/sec, how fast is the top
of the ladder sliding down the wall when the bottom of the ladder is 6 feet
from the wall?
a. 0.75 ft/sec
b. -0.75 ft/sec
c. 0.5 ft/sec
d. –0.5 ft/sec
9. The soil which contain more or less equal amounts of sand, silt and clay
a. Acid soils
b. Alkaline soils
c. Volcanic soils
d. Loam soils
10. A water tank has the shape of an inverted circular cone with the base
radius 2 meters and height 4 meters. If water is being pumped into the tank
at a rate of 2 m3/minute, find the rate at which the water level is rising
when the water is 3 meters deep.
a. –0.28/min
b. 0.28 m/min
c. 0.4m/min
d. –0.4 m/min
11. The attraction of water into a hair like opening which defend both on
cohesion of the liquid and on the adhesion of the liquid to solid wall.
a.Infiltration
b.Capillary
c.Infiltration rate
d.Surface tension
12. A pond bottom slope of 2000:1 is equivalent to:
a. 0.05 % slope
b. 0.005% slope
c. 0.5 % slope
d. 5 % slope
13. The phase from germination to panicle initiation in the life cycle of
rice plant.
a. Metaphase
b. Reproductive phase
c. Vegetative phase
d. Ripening phase
14. This is provided in a pipe drain to prevent seepage:
a. Core trench
b. Collar
c. Freeboard
d. Frame
90
15. The process by which elevation of space grid points in the field are
determined
a. Profile leveling
b. Topographic leveling
c. Contouring
d. NOTA
16. These two culture systems in open water are considered as enclosure
culture systems:
a. Raceways and ponds

b. Ponds and cages
c. Pens and cages
d. Raceways and pens
17. The ratio of peak rate of runoff to the rainfall intensity is
a. Time of concentration
b. Rainfall coefficient
c. Runoff coefficient
d. Rational method
18. Size up the nozzle for a sprinkler irrigation system given the following:
application rate, mm/hr 12
operating pressure, kPa 500
irrigated area, m2 250
discharge coefficient 0.80
a. 3.5 mm
b. 4.5 mm
c. 5.5 mm
d. 6.5 mm
19. In a critical flow, the flow specific energy is ___(X)___ for a given
discharge, and the discharge is ____(Y)___ for a given specific energy.
a. X = minimum; Y = minimum
b. X = maximum; Y = maximum
c. X = minimum; Y = maximum
d. a or b
20. The time required for water to flow from the most remote point of the
watershed to the outlet is
a. Time of concentration
b. Recurrence interval
c. Rational method
d. Runoff coefficient
21. The scientific name of tobacco is:
a. Brassica oleracea
b. Nicotiana tabacum
c. Nicotiana tartarum
d. Gossypium hirsutum
91
22. It is the most important consideration for the side slope of a channel.
a. channel size
b. climate change
c. seepage loss
d. kind of channel material
23. The most common method of conveying water for irrigation is
a. Irrigation units
b. Open channel
c. Irrigation system
d. Watershed
24. The velocity of water passed in a cross sectional area
a. Discharge
b. Velocity
c. Stream size
d. Unit stream
25. The arrangement of individual soil particles with respect to each other
into pattern is called:
a. Soil texture
b. Soil structure
c. Soil profile
d. Soil taxonomy
26. This is a colorless and odorless gas at ambient concentrations and is a

major component of smog. It irritates the respiratory tract and eyes.
Exposure to high levels results in chest tightness, coughing and wheezing.
People with respiratory and heart problems are at a higher risk. What is
this gas?
a. ozone
b. carbon monoxide
c. carbon dioxide
d. methane
27. Similar to stone check dams however the stones in this case are placed
on rectangular wire mesh, piled-up as blocks and tied together to form a
reinforced wall or dam structure.
a. Riprap
b. Gabions
c. Diversion canal
d. Terracing
28. If too much water is applied in to the soil it is loss as flood this
term is
a. Runoff
b. Seepage
c. Infiltration
d. Precipitation
92
29. This is the most widely used for irrigating row crops where water is
confined to small channel between the crop row
a. border
b. basin
c. furrow
d. sprinkler
30. A reservoir, with water surface area averaging 6 km2, reads 100 m in
its monitoring gauge. The reservoir is being replenished by a 5000-ha
watershed wherein 85% of the total rainfall that falls in the watershed
reaches the reservoir. What rainfall depth is needed to raise the water
level of the reservoir by 4 meters?
a. 655 mm
b. 556 mm
c. 565 mm
d. 665 mm
31. The energy is commonly associated with fluid flow are potential,
kinetic and
a. Flow
b. Electrical
c. Mechanical
32. Find the area of the shaded region assuming the radius of the circle is
6.0 m.
a. 22.44 m2
b. 33.11 m2
c. 44.22 m2
d. 66.55 m2
33. In a certain farming area, the probability that it will rain on a

November day is 0.60, the probability that a rainy November day will be
followed by another rainy day is 0.80, and the probability that a sunny
November day will be followed by a rainy day is 0.30. What is the
probability that it will rain, rain, not rain, and rain in this place on
four consecutive November days?
a. 0.0288
b. 0.0864
c. 0.0576
d. 0.0162
34. The direct result of the molecular attraction between molecules is
a. Surface tension
b. Collision
c. Tension
d. Repulsion
93
35. The wet land preparation for planting rice consists of soaking,
plowing, and puddling. The third step (puddling) involves harrowing or
rotavating of land under shallow submerged conditions. The following are
the functions of puddling, except:
a. reduce soil permeability

b. control weeds
c. decrease soil acidity
d. destruction of soil aggregates and macro-pore volume
36. The ratio of the density of material to the density of water at 4

degree Celcius
a. Specific gravity/Related density

b. Specific density
c. Unit weight
d. Unit volume
37. Scientific name of santol.
a. Canarium ovatum
b. Averrhoa carambola
c. Sandoricum koetjape
d. Syzygiuum cumini
38. A measured of the variability of viscosity has been established with a

numerical designation is called
a. Dynamic viscosity
b. Kinematic viscosity
c. Absolute viscosity
d. Viscosity index
39. Which employs price-lining technique?
a. An equipment sold at P1999.95

b. P99-store
c. Buy-one-take-one
d. Additional two tomatoes for every kilo purchased
40. Attraction of unlike molecules is
a. Adhesion
b. Cohesion
c. Tension
d. Repulsion
41. Type of rainfall cause by the upward lifting of the air mass due a
mountain:
a. Convective
b. Cyclonic
c. Orographic
d. Frontal
94
42. What do called the mountain side, with reference to the wind direction
in which the air masses passing through it is clod and dry:
a. Wayward
b. Leeward
c. Trade wind
d. Windward
43. Compute the land soaking requirement for a soil (depth of rootzone = 25
cm) with residual moisture content of 15% by weight, bulk density of 1,200
a. 90 mm
b. 100 mm
c. 110 mm
d. 120 mm
44. A property associated with a surface tension of a liquid and manifested

in the rise and fall of a liquid in small diameter tube
a. Capillary
b. Cavitation
c. Condensation
d. Conduction
45. If sprinkler irrigation is applied to an area with many irregular or

curved boundaries, what is the appropriate pattern to be used?
a. staggered
b. square
c. sliding
d. rectangular
46. A gas _________
a. Will not fill a container

b. Can be compressed
c. Has its molecule closer together than a liquid
d. It can occupy space
47. The pressure at which a liquid boils is
a. Gage pressure
b. Absolute pressure
c. Atmospheric pressure
d. Vapor pressure
48. The basic form of energy loss in flow equation stating that the energy
loss is directly proportional to the some friction factor, the length of
the system and the kinetic energy level and inversely proportional to the
diameter of the conductor
a. Darcy equation
b. Manning equation
c. Bernoullis equation
d. Hagen – Poiseuille equation
95
49. Which is true about unconfined aquifer?
a. Its piezometric surface is at the water table.

b. It is found between two impermeable layers.
c. It is also known as phreatic aquifer.
d. It is a completely saturated aquifer.
50. A device for measuring temperature based on the electrical difference

of two materials.
a. Tee
b. Thermistor
c. Thermocouple
d. Thermometer
51. Fluid moves in parallel layers with no cross-currents; Re <= 2000

b. Turbulent flow
c. Laminar flow
52. Bianca is twice as old as Pio and Meggie is twice as old as Bianca. In
ten years, their combined ages will be 58. How old is Bianca now?
a. 4 yrs
b. 8 yrs
c. 12 yrs
d. 10 yrs
53. A highly efficient variable head flow meter whose restriction contracts
and expand very slowly
a. Piezometer
b. Weir
c. Venturi
d. Sluice gate
54. At what time will the acceleration of the object moving in rectilinear
motion whose position after t seconds is defined by s(t) = t5 – 80t2 be
zero?
a. 3.17 sec
b. 2.34 sec
c. 2.00 sec
d. 4.31 sec
96
55. These are breaks which occur in channel bank causing water to spilled
from the channel in an uncontrolled manner
a. Erosion
b. Breaches
c. Cavitation
d. Drainage
56. What three most important factors input into the determination of
prices?
a. cost, demand, competition

b. target market, promotional expenses, distribution channels
c. market share, competitive moves, substitutes
d. demographics, purchasing habits, shelf position
57. The soil property which described the ability of the soil to transmit
water
a. Hydraulic conductivity
b. Matric potential
c. Percolation rate
d. Infiltration rate
58. Graphical representation of instantaneous runoff rate against time :
a. Hydrograph
b. Log-probability graph
c. Monograph
d. Hyetograph
59. Irrigation systems that have relatively large service areas and are
managed by government agencies.
a. CIS
b. NIS
c. STW
d. SFR
60. It is the natural and synthetic hydrograph for one unit of direct
runoff from the catchments in a specific unit of time:
a. Basic hydrograph
b. Unit hydrograph
c. Design hydrograph
d. Runoff hydrograph
97
61. It is the ratio of water stored in the root zone during the irrigation
to the water needed in the root zone prior to irrigation, expressed in
percent.
a. water use efficiency

b. consumptive use efficiency
c. water conveyance efficiency
d. water storage efficiency
62. Removal of soil by water from small but well defined channels when
there is concentration of over land flow
a. Stream channel erosion

b. Rill erosion
c. Gully erosion
d. Sheet erosion
63. The velocities at 0.2 and 0.8 of the depth of flow in a parabolic open
channel are 1.0 m/s and 0. 2 m/s, respectively. If the flow depth is 0.5 m
and the top width is 1.5 m, the discharge is.
a. 200 lps
b. 300 lps
c. 400 lps
d. 500 lps
64. If the width of a pump impeller is increased by 20%, how much will the
increase in the discharge be?
a. 20%
b. 40%
c. 400%
d. no increase
65. When is the best/recommended time to sample sediment load in the stream
a. Peak flow
b. Intermittent flow
c. Base flow
d. Perennial flow
66. Which is not true about pipe flow?
a. It exerts no direct pressure.

b. Flow is confined in a closed conduit.
c. It exerts hydraulic pressure.
d. Flow is subjected to atmospheric pressure.
67. A super critical flow is a flow condition where:
a. Fr =1 ( critical)
b. Fr >1
c. Fr<1 (sub-critical)
d. Fr >4000 (turbulent)
98
68. The USLE is a method of computing soil erosion. What type of soil
erosion does it estimate?
a. Sheet erosion only

b. Sheet and rill erosion only
c. Sheet, rill and gully erosion
d. All types of erosion
69. The peak runoff in a 50 ha-watershed corresponding to a rainfall

intensity of 25 mm/hr and a runoff coefficient of 0.8 is.
a. 0.8m3/s
b. 1.8m3/s
c. 2.8m3/s
d. 3.8m3/s
70. A horizontally fully flowing 2-inch pipe, with a discharge coefficient

of 0.97, is discharging water. What is the discharge of the pipe if the X
and Y coordinates of the water trajectory measured from the end of the pipe
are 1.3 m and 0.9 m, respectively?
a. 5.0 lps
b. 5.5 lps
c. 6.0 lps
d. 7.0 lps
71. Type of flow wherein the discharge or flow in a prismatic channel is

constant with respect to time
a. Laminar flow
b. Steady flow
c. Uniform flow
d. Critical flow
72. Assume that the pipe is repositioned with its mouth upwards. If the
vertical rise of the water jet is 0.55 m, what will be the discharge of the
pipe?
a. 5.0 lps
b. 5.5 lps
c. 6.5 lps
d. 7.0 lps
73. Type of sediment load along the stream characterized as sediments that
are sometimes stationary or sometimes carried by the water along the stream
a. Saltating load
b. Temporary load
c. Bed load
d. Suspended load
99
74. The critical depth in a rectangular channel with a bottom width of 4.0
m for a discharge of 5 m3/s is.
a. 0.54m
b. 1.54m
c. 2.54m
d. 3.54m
75. For soil with higher organic matter content, soil erosion is
____________.
a. higher
b. lower
c. easier
d. a or c
76. Who is a merchant?
a. Someone who engages in commodity production.

b. Someone who helps potential customers get access to products.
c. Someone who buys and resells commodities.
d. Someone who provides warehouses and storage facilities.
77. The quantity of water exclusive of precipitation required to maintain

desired soil moisture and salinity level during the crop season
a. Crop water requirement

b. Farm water requirement
c. Diversion requirement
d. Irrigation water requirement
78. For a canal with capacity of 20 cfs, 1.5 coefficient, and water depth
of 5.0 m, what is the freeboard?
a. 5.0 ft
b. 4.0 ft
c. 3.0 ft
d. 2.0 ft
79. Darcy's law states that the flow of water through a porous medium is
a. Proportional to the medium hydraulic conductivity

b. Inversely proportional to the length of flow path
c. Both a and b
d. Neither a nor b
80. A smooth metal flume (n=0.012) of semi-circular cross-section has a

diameter of 1.8 m and a slope of 0.005. What diameter of corrugated metal
flume (n=0.025) will be required for the same capacity?
a. 2.0 m
b. 2.2 m
c. 2.4 m
d. 2.6 m
100
81. Refer to the short-period variations in the atmosphere
a. Weather
b. Climate
c. Horizontal visibility
d. NOTA
82. The physical characteristics of water which greatly affect the survival
of flora and fauna in the body of water, and its increase will also cause
increase in the biological activity and higher demand for dissolved oxygen.
a. sediment
b. temperature
c. turbidity
d. pH
83. Characterized by a vertically isothermal structure in the lower portion

followed by increasing temperature in the upper portion
a. Troposphere
b. Stratosphere
c. Mesosphere
d. Thermosphere
84. The peak runoff in the mainstream of a watershed has a mean of 128m3/s
and a standard deviation of 52m3/s. If the sample data is normally
distributed, the magnitude of runoff corresponding to a probability of
exceedance of 16% is.
a. 480m3/s
b. 380m3/s
c. 280m3/s
d. 180m3/s
85. Which does not belong to the group?
a. Yorkshire
b. Hampshire
c. Berkshire
d. Ayshire
86. Most of the thermosphere.
a. Ionosphere
b. Exosphere
c. Protosphere
d. NOTA
87. PVC means:
a. poly veneer chloride

b. poly vinyl carbide
c. poly vinyl chloride
d. poly veneer-vinyl chloride
101
88. The most stable and chief component of most soil on a volumetric basis.
a. Mineral particles
b. Chemical elements
c. Water
d. Air
89. Which is not a correct description of a soil erosion plot which is used
to experimentally measure soil erosion?
a. bare follow
b. 9% slope
c. 22 meters long
d. 7.26 feet high
90. Upper part of the thermosphere, where earth magnetic field is more
important than gravitational field in controlling the behaviors of proton
a. Ionosphere
b. Exosphere
c. Protosphere
d. NOTA
91. Which is true about infiltration?
a. The process involves three stages: surface entry, filling up of

soil profile storage potential, and transmission of water going
out the soil profile.
b. It has a high initial rate that diminishes with time.
c. The fluid and the medium (soil properties) are the only factors
affecting infiltration.
d. Infiltration stops when runoff occurs.
92. Average lapse rate in troposphere
a. 6.5 C/km
b. 7.5 C/km
c. 8.5 C/km
d. NOTA
For questions 93-94

A centrifugal pump is used to irrigate an entire field. But upon starting
the engine, the pump has shakes and produces too much noise. Worse, the
water discharged has inconsistent flow.
93. What is the probable remedy for the uneven water discharge?
a. increase pump speed

b. clean clogged strainer
c. tighten defective gland packing
d. check if impeller and casing rub
102
94. How will the problem on vibration and noise be solved?
a. increase pump speed

b. tighten defective gland packing
c. check if impeller and casing rub
d. check and correct pump rotation
95. Lower part of the thermosphere, ionized layer which the long distance
radio communication is possible.
a. Ionosphere
b. Exosphere
c. Protosphere
d. NOTA
96. The average cross-sectional area of a stream is 4 m2 and the maximum

velocity of flow is noted at 4.2 m/s. Estimate the stream discharge by
float method.
a. 16.8 m3/s
b. 11.2 m3/s
c. 8.4 m3/s
d. 25.2 m3/s
97. At what time where the sun is farthest distance from the earth
a. Aphelion
b. Perihelion
c. The permeability is high
98. A culvert has been designed for a flood discharge with a return period
of 50 years. The risk that the culvert will experience the design flood one
or more times in 75 years is.
a. 78%
b. 58%
c. 68%
d. 38%
99. What factors would lead a marketer to adopt a going-rate pricing

strategy?
a. There are no product differentiation and competitor moves are

uncertain.
b. The pricing policy is 20% recovery on production cost.
c. There is an unusually high demand for the product.
d. The product is inferior.
100. Refers to the long period manifested by weather
a. Weather
b. Climate
c. Horizontal visibility
d. NOTA
103
SUBJECTS
(CHIN-CHIN)
1. An equation or method used in the estimation and representation of

evapotranspiration rate.
a. Hargreaves equation
b. Horton’s equation
c. Lewis-Kostiakov equation
d. Rational equation
2. Characterized by a nearly uniform decrease in temperature with height,

most weather changes are limited here
a. Troposphere
b. Stratosphere
c. Mesosphere
d. Thermosphere
3. The number of crops grown per annum on a given area of land.
a. cropping index
b. planting density
c. yield index
d. relative yield
4. A type of flow where the discharge passing a given cross section of a

stream is constant with time .
a. Turbulent flow
b. Laminar flow
c. Steady flow
d. Uniform flow
5. Scientific name of pullet.
a. Gallus gallus
b. Anas platyrhynchus
c. Cairina moschata
d. Columbia livia
6. The time rate at which water will percolate into the soil is
a. Intake rate
b. Infiltration rate
c. Permeability
d. NOTA
104
7. When laterals of a sprinkler irrigation system run ___(X)___, the
pressure in the lateral ___(Y)___ because of friction and because of the
change in elevation.
a. X = uphill; Y = increases
b. X = downhill; Y = drops
c. X = uphill; Y = drops
d. a or b
8. The velocity of flow into the soil caused by a unit hydraulic gradient
in which the driving force is 1 kg/kg of water.
a. Intake rate
c. Permeability
d. NOTA
9. Ananas comosus is commonly known as:
a. santol
b. soursop
c. pineapple
d. guyabano
10. If the operating pressure of a sprinkler nozzle is doubled but the

diameter remains the same, what will happen to the discharge?
a. double
b. eight times as great
c. increase by 41.4%
d. four times as great
11. The fraction of the irrigation water that must be leached through the
root zone to control soil salinity at specific level
a. Percolated water
b. Available moisture
c. Field capacity
d. Leaching requirement
12. It is the time required for water to flow from the most remote point of
the water shed to the outlet
a. Time to peak
b. Recession time
c. Lag time
d. Perennial time
105
13. The equation used in current meters is V= a+bN. What is b signifies?
a. Starting velocity
b. Bed slope
c. Y-intercept
d. Number of revolution
14. A campaign against the importation of genetically-mutated organisms is

done by some organizations of local growers. What marketing management task
is employed?
a. remarketing
b. countermarketing
c. conversional marketing
d. synchromarketing
removed.
a. Available water
b. Field capacity
c. Permanent wilting point
d. Readily available moisture
16. The product of Available Moisture to the Percent Moisture Depletion
a. Moisture Allowed Deficit

b. Readily Available Moisture
c. Available Moisture
d. NOTA
17. A hotel swimming pool has for its boundary a curve given by the
equation x2 + y2 = 2x – 4y + 20, where the units are all in meters. Find the
volume of water required to fill the pool to a depth of 2.80 m.
a. 200 m
b. 120 m
c. 160 m
d. 220 m
18. The sum of irrigation requirement and farm ditch losses

106
19. The diversion water requirement is 28.0mm/day for an irrigable area is
500ha. If the dependable flow is 2.0m3/s the residual flow is.
a. 1.2m3/s
b. 2.2m3/s
c. 3.2m3/s
d. 4.2m3/s
20. The capacity of rainfall to effect the detachment and transport of soil
particles:
a. Erodability
b. Effectivity
c. Erosivity
d. Conductivity
21. Static water level is the level at which the water rests in a well
before pumping. On the other hand, pumping water level is the level at
which water stands in a well when pumping at any given rate. What do you
call the difference between the two water levels?
a. depression
b. specific yield
c. drawdown
d. coefficient of storage
22. It is the difference between field capacity and wilting point

d. NOTA
23. How does a gully develop?

i. stabilization stage
ii. channel erosion by downward scour of the topsoil
iii. healing stage
iv. upward movement of gully head and enlargement of the gully width
a. ii, iv, i, iii

b. iv, ii, iii, i
c. ii, iii, iv, i
d. ii, iv, iii, i
24. 75% of the available moisture

d. NOTA
107
25. Which best describes red soil?
a. contains plenty of iron with good drainage

b. poor in organic matter
c. low in fertility and poor in drainage
d. very rich, particularly high in nitrogen
26. Uniform removal of soil in thin layers from sloping land resulting from
over land flow
a. Stream channel erosion

b. Rill erosion
c. Gully erosion
d. Sheet erosion
27. These are pipelines built on or near the ground surface to convey water
across wide depressions
a. Inverted siphons
b. Siphons
c. Laterals
d. Flumes
28. A rectangular channel has a width equal to 12 meter and carries a

discharge of 14 m3/s. If n = 0.017, find the critical slope.
a. 0.002
b. 0.003
c. 0.004
d. 0.005
29. It is the ratio of the dry weight of soil particles to the weight of an
equal volume of water
a. Particle density
b. Bulk density
c. Real specific density
d. Apparent specific gravity
30. It is a process of destroying most disease-producing microorganisms and

limiting fermentation in milk subjected to heating for a definite time at a
definite temperature and thereafter cooling it immediately.
a. evaporation
b. pasteurization
c. homogenization
d. fabrication
108
31. Farm turnout requirements plus conveyance losses in the main canal and
lateral up to the farm turnout.

For questions 32-33

A soil sample initially weighed 150 grams with a volume of 90 cm3. After
drying for 24 hours at 105OC, the mass of soil sample reduced to 120 grams.
32. What is the volumetric water content in cm3 of water/ cm3 of soil?
a. 0.11
b. 0.22
c. 0.33
d. 0.44
33. What depth of water must be applied to increase the volumetric water
content of the top two feet of soil to 0.55?
a. 5.2”
b. 11.88”
c. 7.92”
d. 2.64”
34. The wastes resulting from the production and processing of crops and
animals of agricultural products, including manures with at least 20%
solids, pruning and crop residues wherever produced.
a. biomass
b. agricultural solid waste
c. sludge
d. volatile solids
35. The sum of evapotranspiration and percolation losses

36. The relative proportion of sand, silt and clay determines the:
a. Soil texture
b. Soil structure
c. Soil profile
d. Soil taxonomy
109
37. This is the highest classification of coastal and marine water. Water
is deemed suitable for growing fishes and shellfishes for commercial
purposes. The water can even be classified as tourist zone or a national
marine park. What is this water classification?
a. SC
b. SB
c. SA
d. IA
38. In the Soil Conservation Service method (curve number method), if the
curve number is 100, this indicates that
a. Rainfall is equal to runoff

b. Runoff is zero
c. Rainfall is less than runoff
d. Rainfall is highly erosive
39. What is the variance of samples of measurements: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8?
a. 2.92
b. 2.25
c. 2.29
d. 2.39
40. The rate of decrease of temperature with the increase in elevation is

called.
a. updraft
b. Lapse rate
c. Convention rate
d. Deflection rate
41. These are crops planted too late for regular crops after regular crops
have failed on the account of unfavorable weather conditions.
a. cover crops
b. catch crops
c. companion crops
d. cash crops
42. The La Mesa dam reservoir is said to be near the critical level of
water shortage. Assuming that it is already in the critical level, 80m in
its monitoring gauge, if the average area of the reservoir water surface is
approximately 6 km2 and if under normal condition 90% of the total rainfall
that falls in the watershed finds its way to the reservoir, what amount of
rainfall over the watershed is needed to raise the water level of the
reservoir by 2 meters? Watershed area is 2,700 hectares.
a. 194mm
b. 294mm
c. 394mm
d. 494mm
110
43. A type of cropping system where in different crops are planted in an
area one after the other each season.
a. Strip cropping
b. Cropping pattern
c. Mixing cropping
d. Relay cropping
44. Process of removing air in the suction line of the water pump.
a. back flow
b. priming
c. cavitation
d. suction
45. Using the float method in determining the velocity of water in a

channel, the float velocity in relation the average water velocity is:
a. Equal to the average water velocity

b. Less than the average water velocity
c. Greater than the average water velocity
d. No relation at all
46. This refers to wants for specific satisfiers backed up by an ability

and willingness to buy them.
a. need
b. want
c. demand
d. value
47. In discharged measurement, the readings in the staff gage are useless
without this:
a. Synthetic hydrograph
b. Rating curve
c. Unit hydrograph
d. Matching curve
48. Modification of copping system such as crop rotation and mixed cropping
a. Cropping systems
c. Mulching
d. Strip cropping
49. A man lifts a bucket of cement to a scaffold 30 ft. above his hand by
means of a rope passing over a pulley on the scaffold. If he holds his end
of the rope at a constant height and walks away beneath the pulley at 4
ft/sec, how fast is the bucket rising when he is 22-1/2 ft away?
a. 2.4 ft/sec
b. 2.0 ft/sec
c. 3.2 ft/sec
d. 4.8 ft/sec
111
50. A type of terrace usually used for 9-24% slope characterized by
breaking the slope at certain intervals by a ridge and a flat portion to
trap runoff.
a. Bench terrace
b. Broad based terrace
c. Zingg terrace
51. Compute the unidirectional flow in two parallel drains 600 m apart if
the soil hydraulic conductivity is 12 m/day and the water level at the
drains are 7.5 and 10.2 meters.
a. 0.01 m/day
b. 0.02 m/day
c. 0.03 m/day
d. 0.04 m/day
52. A type of terrace usually used for 25-30% slope characterized by

construction of series of platforms along the contours cut into the hill
slope in a step like formation
a. Bench terrace
b. Broad based terrace
c. Zingg terrace
53. A storm occurred in two similar watersheds, Glads and Karl, both 700
has. in area. Glads watershed is long and slender while Karl watershed is
short but wide. Which watershed will experience the earliest and highest
peak flow assuming that the rainfall over the watershed is evenly
distributed?
a. Karl
b. The same
c. Glads
d. Neither Karl nor Glads
54. In frequency analysis, most hydrologic processes follow this process.

This process governed by chance and time dependent. What type of process is
this?
a. Deterministic Process
b. Stochastic Process
c. Probabilistic Process
d. Hydrolistic process
55. What is the total volume of rainfall when 29 mm fall over an area of
183 km2?
a. 5.307 x 103 cu.m

b. 6.307 x 103 cu.m
c. 7.307 x 103 cu.m
d. 8.307 x 103 cu.m
112
56. Under microirrigation system, water is applied:
a. below the root zone

b. at low flow rates
c. at high pressure
d. over short period of time
57. The sheet of water which overflows a weir.
a. Nappe
b. Weir pond
c. Overflow
d. Discharge
58. Removal of impurities inside the pipes.
a. flushing
b. fertigation
c. brushing
d. air compressing
59. The rate of infiltration from a furrow into the soil is
a. Intake rate
c. Permeability
d. NOTA
60. The total rainfall for the month of May was 600mm as measured by a USWB
standard raingauge (8 inches in diameter). Determine the average daily
rainfall for the month.
a. 19.4mm
b. 29.4mm
c. 39.4mm
d. 49.4mm
61. In a study on the drying time of a certain crop as affected by the

drying temperature, a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.98 was derived. What
is the appropriate interpretation for the result?
a. 98% of the total variation in drying time is due to drying

temperature.
b. 2% of the data in drying time is varied.
c. 49% of the total variation in drying time is due to drying
temperature.
d. 96% of the total variation in drying time is due to drying
temperature.
113
62. The amount of moisture present in the soil (mc) given the percent AM
content retained or used and the FC and PWP moisture contents of the soil
can be computed using the equations:

63. Marikina watershed having a drainage area of 500 sq. km. has been
characterized to have an average CN value of 65 in 1970 where it
experienced a storm depth of 100mm. After 30 years, the same storm
magnitude was felt but this time, due primarily to a change in land use
inside the watershed, the CN value now is 84. What is the percentage
change in the depth of runoff?
a. 133%
b. 13.3%
c. 1.33%
d. 13%
64. The following are the functions of drainage, except:
a. decreases the depth of root zone

b. improves soil ventilation
c. facilitates early plowing and planting
d. increases water infiltration into soil
65. Groundwater discharge into a stream due to deep percolation of the

infiltrated water into groundwater aquifers
a. Groundwater surface runoff

b. Groundwater subsurface runoff
d. Groundwater runoff volume
66. Which is not an advantage in using isohyetal method in determining

average rainfall over an area?
a. It utilizes stations outside the basin.

b. It is easy at a glance to see rainfall pattern.
c. It is subject to only slight errors in computation.
d. It is possible to account for topography.
67. Is the elevation above some arbitrary zero datum of the water surface
at a station along a river or stream.
a. Stilling basin
b. Staff gage
c. River stage
d. Hydrology
114
68. Which does not belong to the group?
a. detention dams
b. SWIP
c. CIS
d. SFR
69. Consist of growing alternate strip of clean cultivated and close-

growing crops in the same field oriented across the slope.
a. Graded terrace
b. Relay cropping
d. Strip cropping
70. For a 2-inch orifice with a discharge coefficient of 0.60, what head
results when measuring a discharge of 0.45 cfs?
a. 6.50 m
b. 4.60 m
c. 5.60 m
d. 4.30 m
71. If soil sample is compacted.
a. Its mc decreases
b. Its porosity remains the same
c. Its nutrient content diminishes
d. Its bulk density increases
72. Determine the discharge of a 90O triangular weir having a head of 0.40
m.
a. 120 lps
b. 130 lps
c. 140 lps
d. 150 lps
73. It is the measure in difference in the ground level between two places
in the field and referred to as percentage. It is the number of meter
difference in elevation for each 100 m horizontal distance
a. Velocity
b. Discharge
c. Land slope
d. Sides slope
74. A vertical section through the soil mass where significant changes in
soil texture and structure with depth are observed is:
a. Soil texture
b. Soil structure
c. Soil profile
d. Soil taxonomy
115
75. Water held tightly to the surface of the soil particles by adsorption
forces is called:
c. Capillary water
d. Sea water
a. 15 years
b. 5 years
c. 25 years
d. 50 years
77. Its purpose is to prevent erosion at the toe of the dam which may
result to failure to structure. As water charges over an overflow dam, most
of its potential energy are converted into kinetic energy producing high
velocities at the toe of the dam which causes erosion of the toe of the
structure.
a. apron
b. flume
c. weir
d. spillway
78. The recommended variation in the lateral between the first and last
sprinkle.
a. 20%
b. 50%
c. 70%
d. 100%
79. The following are noted key constraints in the full development of
aquaculture in the country, except:
a. lack of hatcheries and nurseries

b. inadequate processing facilities
c. high production cost
d. lack of breeds
80. The type of climate prevailing in region 1 and 2.
a. Type 1
b. Type 2
c. Type 3
d. Type 4
116
81. A farmer asked you, an engineer, “What is the erosion rate in my 10-
hectare farm with an average slope of 3%?” The following were determined
during you visit: slope-length factor is 1.0; soil type is loam with a
factor 0.25; cropping management factor of 0.6 for overgrazed; conservation
practice is conventional with factor 1.0; and from your assessment the
rainfall factor is 178. What will you answer the farmer?
a. 16.7mm/yr
b. 26.7mm/yr
c. 36.7mm/yr
d. 46.7mm/yr
For questions 82-84

Two rivers, Latina and Bisdak, are the main source of water for two
different watersheds, each measuring 1,000 hectares. Both rivers are very
much alike. Both also contain water all year round even during dry seasons.
Bisdak river has sinuosity equal to one while that for Latina river is
slightly greater than one. The watershed where Latina drains is elongated
and slender, while Bisdak watershed is short and broad.
82. Which best describes Latina river?
a. It is an effluent stream with appreciable meandering.

b. It is an intermittent stream with minor meandering.
c. It is a straight stream with unsteady flow.
d. It is an effluent and straight stream.
83. Which best describes Bisdak river?
a. It is an effluent stream with minor meandering.

b. It is an ephemeral stream with steady flow.
c. It is an intermittent stream with no meandering.
d. It is an effluent stream with severe meandering.
84. What type of watershed the Latina and Bisdak rivers drain?
a. small watershed
b. medium watershed
c. large watershed
d. river basin
85. A soil ph above 7.7.
a. Acidic
b. Basic
c. Alkali soil
d. None
86. Breeding of cousin to, the cousin.
a. Cross breeding
b. Line breeding
c. Up breeding
d. Close breeding
117
87. Which is the most probable coverage of the watersheds?
a. one municipality
b. one province
c. one barangay
d. one region
88. If the suction lift is 6 m, the suitable pump is
a. Centrifugal
b. Axial flow
c. submersible
d. Mixed flow
89. Structured devise design to hold a pool of water to cushion the impact
and retard the flow of falling water as from an overflow weir, chute or
drop
a. sill
b. apron
c. Stilling basin
d. pond
90. If a similar storm occurred in both watersheds, which will experience

the earlier and highest flow assuming rainfall is evenly distributed?
a. Bisdak
b. Latina
c. The same.
d. Bisdak will experience the earliest while Latina the highest.
91. Free flow in artesian wells occur when?
a. The piezometer level is higher than the top of the well

b. The unconfined aquifer is beneath a confined aquifer
c. The permeability is high
92. Determine the 10-year period peak runoff for a 80-hectare watershed
having a runoff coefficient of 0.4. The maximum length of flow of water is
610 meters and the fall along this path is 6.0 meters. The rainfall
intensity for that return period is 101.25 mm/hr having a duration equal to
the time of concentration.
a. 7.0
b. 8.0
c. 9.0
d. 10.0
93. The chemical constituent of water which hastens growth of aquatic

vegetation and sometimes lead to eutrophication.
a. sediment
b. phosphorus
c. potassium
d. sulfur
118
94. Pipelines built on or near the ground surface to convey water across
wide depressions.
a. Inverted siphon
b. Siphon
c. Laterals
d. flumes
95. Photophosphorylation is the production of ________ using the energy of

light – excited – electrons produced in the light reaction of
photosynthesis.
a. NADP
b. sugar
c. Protein
d. ATP
96. Naturally occurring elements or inorganic compounds in solid state,

with definite chemical composition, unique crystalline structure, and
certain physical properties:
a. humus
b. minerals
c. solum
d. compost
97. The process whereby rocks undergo physical or chemical changes, or

both, to achieve equilibrium with conditions other than those underwhich
they were originally formed:
a. weathering
b. disintegration
c. metamorphism
d. decomposition
98. Refers to the relative proportion of various size groups of individual

soil grains:
a. soil texture
b. soil colloid
c. soil consistency
d. soil structure
99. The mass per unit volume of the soil particle is:
a. Soil density
b. Specific gravity
c. porosity
d. Void ratio
100. A structure which conveys water from a higher to a lower level, maybe
inclined or vertical.
a. Water way structure
b. Spillway
c. Drop structure
d. Watershed structure
119
SUBJECTS
(ABDULLAH)
1. If the area of flow using the most efficient rectangular cross-section

is 8 ft2, find the depth of flow.
a. 4 ft
b. 2.83 ft
c. 2 ft
d. 1.78 ft
2. The downward movement of water through saturated or nearly saturated

soil in response to the force of gravity.
a. Seepage
b. Permeability
c. Interflow
d. Percolation
3. The phase from flowering to full maturity in the life cycle of the rice
plant is.
a. Metaphase
c. Vegetative phase
d. Ripening phase
4. Subsurface system wherein laterals join the submain on the both sides
alternately.
a. gridiron
b. herringbone
c. Parallel drain system
d. Double main system
5. A banana plantation is to be irrigated by sprinklers with a nozzle

discharge of 0.5 lps. The sprinkler spacing is 40ft and the lateral spacing
is 60ft. The soil water holding capacity is 120mm/m, crop rooting depth is
1.0m and management allowable deficit is 60%. If the application efficiency
is to be 75%, the irrigation period should be.
a. 12hrs
b. 13hrs
c. 14hrs
d. 15hrs
120
6. It is the ratio of the volume of voids to the total volume of the soil
a. Void volume
b. Bulk density
c. Porosity
d. Void density
7. Momordica charantia is commonly known as:
a. white gourd c. bitter gourd

b. wax gourd d. ribbed gourd
8. An 8mm rainfall was measured by a USWB standard raingauge (8 inches in

diameter). Determine the height of water in the inner cylinder, whose area
is one tenth of the catch area
a. 80.0mm
b. 70.0mm
c. 60.0mm
d. 50.0mm
9. At what soil type will the furrow length be longer in a furrow

irrigation system?
a. sandy soil
b. silty soil
c. clay soil
d. sandy loam
10. It is geologic formation which transmits water at a rate insufficient

to be economically developed for pumping
a. Aquifer
b. Aquiclude
c. Aquifuge
d. Aquitard
11. These are wells that are used for obtaining only freshwater in
situations where freshwater and saltwater interface blend.
a. skimming wells
b. semi-artesian wells
c. screen wells
d. deep tube wells
12. The artificial application of water to the soil for the purpose of crop
production.
a. Percolation
b. Drainage
c. Irrigation
121
13. Determine the maximum total head at which a 5 hp centrifugal pump can
extract water at a rate of 25 lps if pump efficiency is 65%.
a. 12.48ft
b. 22.48ft
c. 32.48ft
d. 42.48ft
14. What is the run-off coefficient for a 576-ha watershed if the peak run-
off rate for a 0.80 cm/hr rainfall intensity is 3.25 m3/sec?
a. 0.50
b. 0.75
c. 0.25
d. 1.00
15. The volume of water flowing each second.
a. velocity
b. Stream flow
c. Cross sectional area

rectangular piece of land 125 m x 190m if the laterals are set parallel to
the longer side of the field?
a. 386
b. 486
c. 586
d. 686
17. The following are the causes of soil acidity, except:
a. excessive evaporation with low rainfall

b. increase of inorganic acids by roots and decaying organic matters
c. leaching of bases due to heavy rainfall
d. increase of compounds like hydrated silicates
18. The process by which the precipitation does not reach the ground and
evaporated back to the atmosphere
a. Interception
b. Precipitation
c. Transpiration
d. Evaporation
19. When the lower leaves are scorched or burned on margins and tips, the
plant is suffering a deficiency in:
a. nitrogen
b. iron
c. potassium
d. phosphorus
122
20. Photoperiodism is the response of plant to different _____________.
a. time of the day

b. amount of solar radiation
c. day lengths or light periods
d. amount of light exposure
21. The slight checking of the growth of plants before transplanting to

improve their ability to resume growth quickly in the new location is
referred to as:
a. off-barring
b. priming
c. hardening
d. mulching
22. This type of rock forming minerals is formed by direct union of an

element with sulfur.
a. ferromagnesium
b. carbonate
c. Sulfide rock-forming minerals
d. non-ferromagnesians
23. It refer to the number of days between irrigation during period without
rainfall.
a. Irrigation efficiency
b. Irrigation frequency
c. Irrigation period
d. Irrigation method
24. Under a perfect competition, a firm can sell at a price of P200 per
unit all of a particular commodity it produces. If C(X) pesos is the total
cost of each day’s production when x units are produced, and C(x) = 2x2 +
40x + 1400, find the number of units that should be produced daily for the
firm to have the greatest daily total profit.
a. 10
b. 20
c. 40
d. 50
25. Plants that grows in dry situation and regularly endures and survive
drought are called.
a. Xarophytes
b. Hydrophytes
c. Bryophytes
d. Spermatophytes
123
26. The required diameter of a sprinkler to be operated at an average
pressure of 50psi at a discharge of 6.34gpm assuming a discharge
coefficient of 0.965 is.
a. 2/16”
b. 3/16”
c. 4/16”
d. 5/16”
27. If the impeller width of a pump is decreased by 40%, what will happen
to the head required?
a. decrease by 16%
b. increase by 6.32%
c. increase by 16%
d. decrease by 64%
28. Plants that thrive well in water or swamps are;
a. Xarophytes
b. Hydrophytes
c. Bryophytes
d. Spermatophytes
29. If the impeller speed of a centrifugal pump is increased from 1800 rpm
to 2340 rpm, the resulting power will be how many times the original?
a. 1.197
b. 2.197
c. 3.197
d. 4.197
30. It is the fraction of water entering the soil that must pass through
the root zone in order to prevent soil salinity from exceeding a specified
value.
a. gravitational water
b. leakage factor
c. return flow
d. leaching requirement
31. A plot of line of equal potential and paths of flow conveniently drawn
so that the flow between any two adjacent streamlines is equal to the flow
between any other two adjacent streamlines;
a. Contour lines
b. Flow net
c. Isohyets
d. Spermatophytes
124
32. A sprinkler irrigation system is to be operated at an average pressure
of 40psi. The friction losses along the lateral running uphill amount to
16.5ft. If the elevation difference between the first and last sprinkler is
3ft and the riser heights is 4ft, the required inlet pressure at the
lateral is.
a. 18psi
b. 41psi
c. 48psi
d. 80psi
33. Find the depth of a trapezoidal open channel to carry 300 cfs assuming
a bottom width of 4.5 ft, a slope of 0.08%, a side slope of 2:1, freeboard
of 20%, and a clean, straight channel with no rifts (n=0.03).
a. 2.0 ft
b. 3.0 ft
c. 5.0 ft
d. 6.0 ft
34. A plot of line of equal elevation is
a. Contour lines
b. Flow net
c. Isohyets
d. Isobars
35. Washing salt from the soil by using excess water to dissolve and carry
each beyond the root zone
a. Leaching
b. Bleaching
c. Blanching
36. What is the void ratio for a soil with apparent specific gravity and
real specific gravity of 1.15 and 2.35, respectively?
a. 1.2
b. 0.96
c. 1.04
d. 1.44
37. A plot of line of equal rainfall is
a. Contour line
b. Isohyets
c. Flow net
d. Isobars
38. A scale set at the river/stream so that a portion of it is immersed in

the water at all times to measure river stage.
a. Stilling basin
b. Staff gage
c. River stage
d. Hydrology
125
39. How does a tropical cyclone develop?
i. tropical depression
ii. tropical storm
iii. typhoon
a. i, ii, iii
b. ii, i, iii
c. ii, iii, i
d. i, iii, ii
40. The field needs the application of 65 kg of N per hectare (60-0-0).

Nitrogen can be supplied by either urea (45-0-0) or ammonium sulfate (21-0-
0), each bag of which weighs 50 kg. If the field measures 3 hectares, how
many bags of urea are needed?
a. 9
b. 145
c. 7
d. 19
41. Glycine max is commonly known as:
a. millet
b. pigeon pea
c. soybean
d. peanut
42. A watershed management strategy which makes used of reforestation and

infrastructures for the conservation
a. Rehabilitation
b. Vegetation
c. Manipulation
d. Protection
43. The process of determining the difference in elevation between two

points
a. Profile leveling
c. Contouring
d. NOTA
44. Compute for the brake horsepower of a pump needed to pump-out a fluid
efficiency of 60%.
a. 1.5Hp
b. 2.5Hp
c. 3.5Hp
d. 4.5Hp
126
45. The infiltration downward and lateral movement of water into soil or
substrate from a source of supply such as reservoir or irrigation canal is.
a. Seepage
b. Permeability
c. Interflow
d. Percolation
46. The process of determining the elevation of points at measured distance

along selected line
a. Profile leveling
c. Contouring
d. NOTA

was tapped by a 4” shallow tubewell. With a radius of influence of 2000
ft, determine the maximum discharge of the STW in liters per second.
Assume an allowable drawdown of 10 ft.
a. 19.0
b. 17.55
c. 14.55
d. 18.89
48. Determine the rainfall for November for a 800-ha watershed given the
following:
Station Total Rainfall, Thiessen Polygon

mm Area
A 2154 120
B 4751 50
C 3214 240
D 2987 180
E 3567 80
F 3845 130
a. 20815.00 mm
b. 3419.67 mm
c. 26.02 mm
d. 3237.83 mm
49. The following are the main functions of terracing, except:
a. For farmability and tillability of slopeland

b. For flood control
c. For increased soil fertility
d. For water conservation
127
50. When contour line from a closed figure with the highest elevation in
the center, the topographic map indicates
a. Mound
b. Valley
c. River
d. Depression
51. When contour line from a closed figure with the lowest elevation in the
center, the topographic map indicates
a. Mound
b. Valley
c. River
d. Depression
52. Which is not true about dew point temperature?
a. If air is cooled, it will attain saturation.

b. It is equal to wet bulb temperature.
c. Air relative humidity is 100%.
d. Dew starts to form on surfaces.
53. The features of topographic map which shows the low area between two
adjacent hills
a. Mound
b. Valley
c. River
d. Depression
54. Given a shallow tubewell with maximum discharge of 15 lps and a total
dynamic head of 7 meters. Determine the power rating of the primemover for
the pump if pump and primemover efficiencies are 60 and 55 % respectively.
a. 5Hp
b. 4Hp
c. 6Hp
d. 8Hp
55. The hereditary make-up of characteristics of a plant or a pure line or
variety.
a. germ cell
b. genotype
c. cell
d. gametophyte
56. When a sickly yellowish green color was found, the plant was possibly
suffering from what major element deficiency?
a. nitrogen d. boron
b. phosphorus c. potassium
128
57. Refers to the manifestation of physical forces of cohesion and adhesion
acting within the soil at various moisture contents.
a. soil consistency
b. soil cohesion
c. soil aggregate
d. soil texture
58. It has the property of soil which enables clay to change slope without
cracking when it is subjected to deforming stress.
a. puddlability
b. friability
c. permeability
d. plasticity
59. It is often used where accurate measurements of low streamflows are

required.
a. sharp-crested weir
b. Venturi flume
c. Parshall flume
d. V-notch weir
60. The process by which a substance changes from solid to gaseous state
without passing liquid state
a. Convection
b. Precipitation
c. Sublimation
d. Evaporation
61. The three most common varieties of bananas in the country are:
a. butuhan, cavendish, and tampuhin

b. lacatan, latundan, and saba
c. lacatan, morado, and bacood
d. sabang tagalong, galamay señora, and butuhan
62. The features of topographic map which is the line connecting the lowest
elevations between two adjacent ridges
a. Mound
b. Valley
c. River
d. Depression
129
63. What is the discharge in each sprinkler nozzle to irrigate a
rectangular piece of land 150m x 180m if the laterals are set parallel to
the longer side of the field. Sprinkler spacing is 6m x 6m, irrigation
water requirement is 150mm and irrigation period is 6 hours.
a. 0.250lps
b. 1.250lps
c. 2.250lps
d. 3.250lps
64. Which wets only a part of the ground surface
a. Hose pipe
b. Watering can
c. Drainage
d. Furrows
65. Its purpose is to increase the flow velocity and decrease the length of
levees by shortening the channel length.
a. retards
b. geosynthetic
c. riprap
d. cut-offs
66. The features of topographic map which the line connecting the highest
elevation between two adjacent valleys
a. Ridge
b. Valley
c. River
d. Saddle
67. If all sacks of rice distributed by a local retailer have a mean weight
of 50 kilograms with a standard deviation of 0.02 kilograms, at least what
percentage of the sacks must contain between 49.95 and 50.05 kilograms of
rice?
a. 96%
b. 90%
c. 84%
d. 80%
68. The no. of years before a storm of given intensity and duration can be
expected to recur is
a. Rainfall intensity
b. Duration period
c. Recurrence interval
d. Weather
130
69. The effective rainfall during the month of May is 120 mm. On a certain
farm with an area of 12.355 acres, the consumptive use was 9 mm/day. If
10,000 m3 of water was used to irrigate the farm, what is the irrigation
efficiency?
a. 79.5%
b. 71.7%
c. 60.0%
d. 50.1%
70. A soil sample was obtained using a cylindrical soil sampler with a 4”
diameter and 10” height. After oven drying, the sample weighed 2,470
grams. What is the soil’s bulk density?
a. 3200kg/m3
b. 1200kg/m3
c. 2200kg/m3
d. 6200kg/m3
71. The period of time that the rainfall at a particular rate or intensity
b. Duration period
d. Weather
72. This mineral element increases root growth proliferation and hastens
ripening of fruits.
a. potassium
b. iron
c. phosphorus
d. copper

requirement of a 5-ha farm in 12 hours if the irrigation requirement is
8mm/day?
a. 0.065m3/s
b. 2.065m3/s
c. 6.065m3/s
d. 1.065m3/s
74. The rate of rainfall in depth per unit time
b. Duration period
d. Weather
131
75. Evaporation occurs when some water molecules in a free water surface
attain enough kinetic energy to overcome the attractive forces of other
molecules and eject themselves from the water mass. The motion of the
escaping molecules produces a pressure which is called as:
a. vapor pressure
b. air pressure
c. pressure gradient
d. bi-directional pressure gradient
76. The phase from panicle initiation to flowering in the life cycle of
rice plant.
a. Metaphase
c. Vegetative phase
d. Ripening phase
77. It is the ratio of the production attained with the operating

irrigation system, compared to the total production expected under ideal
condition.
a. Irrigation efficiency
b. Irrigation frequency
c. Irrigation period
d. Irrigation method
78. Which one is the flattest canal side slope?
a. 1:1 b. 1:4 c. 4:1 d. 2:1
79. Determine the irrigation interval for a farm with soil root zone having
a field capacity of 200mm and a wilting point of 105mm. Assume that the
consumptive use for August is 7.5 mm/day with no rainfall and the allowable
moisture depletion is 75%.
a. 7days
b. 8days
c. 9days
d. 10days
80. Determine the side slope angle of an unlined canal with slope ratio z
of 2:1 (run: rise)?
a. 16.6º
b. 26.6º
c. 45º
81. What is the bottom width for the best hydraulic cross-section (best
proportion) of concrete open channel if design depth is 5 meters and side
slope is 45º?
a. 3 m
b. 4m
c. 5 m
132
82. What is the bottom width for best hydraulic cross-section of unlined
open channel for minimum seepage if design depth is 5 meters and side slope
is 45º?
a. 3 m b. 4m c. 8 m d. NOTA
83. What is the bottom width for best hydraulic cross-section of unlined
open channel with minimum seepage if design depth is 5 meters and side
slope is 2:1?
a. 4.72 m b. 7. 42 m c. 2.47 m d. nota
84. A Parshall flume of throat width equal to 2.0 ft. will be used to
measure peak discharge. The expected peak stage at the flume well is 2.5
ft. What is the peak discharge which this flume can estimate?
a. 43.1cfc
b. 33.1cfc
c. 23.1cfc
d. 13.1cfc
85. The estimated width and depth of concrete-lined rectangular open

channel for water velocity of 2 m/s and discharge of 10 m3/s.
a. 6.1 m, 2.3m
b. 3.2 m, 1.6m
c. 2.5m , 5.0m
35cm) with residual moisture content of 15% by mass, bulk density of 1,280
a. 40.3mm
b. 60.3mm
c. 90.3mm
d. 20.3mm
87. The soil reservoir is filled with flooding water on to the soil surface
so that it can be absorbed by the soil. Absorbing water in this way is
called
a. Runoff
b. Seepage
c. Infiltration
d. Precipitation
88. A uniform distribution of water is obtained in border irrigation by

stopping the flow at the right time and using a
a. Large stream size

b. Small stream size
c. Variable stream size
d. Rapid stream size
133
a. 17.43
b. 27.43
c. 37.43
d. 47.43
90. The equation used in current meters is V = a + bN. What does a

signifies?
a. proportionality constant
b. bed slope
c. starting velocity
d. number of revolutions
91. Run-off is produced when this property of the soil surface is exceeded
a. Percolation rate
b. Erodibility
d. Permeability
92. For an 8m x 8m sprinkler spacing, what is the design sprinkler throw

for a 40% overlap?
a. 2.6m
b. 1.9m
c. 5.6m
d. 4.6m
93. The simplest and most widely used of all surface irrigation method,
adapted to suit many crops and farming practices are
a. border
b. basin
c. furrow
d. sprinkler
94. When the land is divided into strips by small bunds to irrigate similar
crops and soils, sloping uniformly away from the farm channel, the
irrigation method is
a. border
b. basin
c. furrow
d. sprinkler
134
95. A level area surrounded by earth bunds in which water can be ponded
until each infiltrate into the soil
a. border
b. basin
c. furrow
d. sprinkler
96. The 60 cm deep rootzone of a soil has volumetric field capacity and
wilting point of 0.345 and 0.236 respectively. Crop consumptive use is 7.2
mm/day. Compute for the irrigation interval assuming there is 1.7 mm daily
rainfall and 80% allowable moisture depletion.
a. 10days
b. 9days
c. 6days
d. 8days
97. A type of terrace usually used for 25-30% slope characterized by the
construction of series of platforms along the contours cut into hill slope
in a step like formation
a. Bench terrace
b. Zingg terrace
c. Broad-based terrace
98. A reservoir, with water surface area averaging 6 km2, reads 100 m in
its monitoring gauge. The reservoir is being replenished by a 5000-ha
watershed wherein 85% of the total rainfall that falls in the watershed
reaches the reservoir. What rainfall depth is needed to raise the water
level of the reservoir by 4 meters?
a. 565mm
b. 665mm
c. 765mm
d. 865mm
99. A young male horse
a. colt
b. filly
c. gelding
d. cytorchid
100. Compute the land soaking requirement for a soil (depth of rootzone =
25 cm) with residual moisture content of 15% by weight, bulk density of
1,200 kg/m3 and porosity of 42%. Standing water for planting is 30 mm.
a. 40mm
b. 20mm
c. 70mm
d. 90mm
135
SUBJECTS
(ABDUL SATIL)
1. A surveyor counted 50, 52, 53, 51, 53, and 51 paces in walking along a
45-m course laid out on a concrete pavement. He then took 768, 771, 772,
770, 769, and 770 paces in walking an unknown distance XY. What is the
length of XY based on the pace factor of the surveyor?
a. 641.33m
b. 670.67m
c. 715.67m
d. d) 51.59m
2. For a watershed of 360 hectares, the peak run-off rate for a 0.5 cm/hr
rain intensity (at the time of concentration) was observed as 2.5 m3/s.
What is the run-off coefficient?
a. 0.5
b. 5.0
c. 0.005
d. 0.05
3. A steel tape with a coefficient of linear expansion of 0.0000116/ 1ºC is

known to be 50m long at 20ºC. The tape was used to measure a line which was
found out to be 532.28 m long when the temperature is 35ºC. Determine the
correct length of the line.
a. 533.23
b. 531.67
c. 530.28
d. 532.37
4. This is a fairly homogeneous group of customers who will respond to

marketing mix in a similar way
a. Market potential c. Market prospects

b. Market segment d. Target market
5. This is the proportion of a company’s total sales of a product during a

defined duration in a specific market or geographical area.
a. Primary demand c. Market potential

b. Market share d. Profit
136
6. What is the water depth in a 24-inch diameter culvert which flows at 500
gpm and 2 ft/sec velocity?
a. 4.2inches
b. 7.2inches
c. 6.2inches
d. 10.2inches
7. This is the consumer’s estimate of the overall capacity of the product

to meet desired needs and wants
a. Satisfaction c. Quality
b. Delight d. Value
8. This describes the long process which starts from raw material sourcing
to the marketing of the final products.
a. Supply Chain c. Marketing Channels

b. Marketing Mix d. Transactions
9. Marketing overcomes several separations. One of these is separation in

__________. This happens when producers tend to locate where it is
economical to produce while consumers are located in many scattered
locations.
a. Separation in Time
b. Separation in Location
c. Separation in Information
d. Separation in Value
with a 90 degree V notch weir, if the flow is now moving at 5 ft/sec in a 2
ft. wide rectangular channel?
a. 2.2ft
b. 1.2ft
c. 5.2ft
d. 3.2ft
11. They are recognized long narrow shape varying in size from 100-300m
long and 3-30m wide and none level following the general slope of land
a. border
b. basin
c. furrow
d. sprinkler
12. This is a fairly homogeneous group of people or organizations to whom a

company wishes to appeal.
a. Market segment c. Market potential

b. Target market d. Market prospect
137
13. Value can be increased by:
a. Raising benefits
b. Reducing costs
c. Raising benefits by more than the raise in costs
d. All of the above
14. The value chain consists of primary activities and support activities.
An example of a support activity is
a. Procurement c. Operations
b. Inbound logistics d. All of the above
15. This is done to “homogenize” markets
a. Prospecting c. Exchange
b. Target marketing d. Segmentation
16. This includes the participants in the supply of raw materials and
production, distribution, promotion and consumption of products
a. Industry environment c. Economic environment

b. Macro-environment d. Demographic environment
17. On a 20% hill slope, it is proposed to construct bench terraces with

1:1 batter slope. If the vertical interval is 2 meters, what is the width
of the terrace?
a. 40m
b. 30m
c. 20m
d. 10m
18. The scientific name of Nile tilapia is:
a. Tilapia niloticus c. Oreochromis nilotica

b. Oreochromis niloticus d. Tilapia niloticus
19. The scientific name of milkfish is:
a. Ephinephelus coioides c. Chanos chanos

b.Oreochromis niloticus d. Cyprinus carpio
20. The scientific name of the giant tiger prawn is:
a. Penaeus vannamei c. Penaeus indicus

b. Macrobrachium rosenbergii d. Penaeus monodon
21. A seaweed that is mainly produced in the country is:
a. Kappaphycus c. Nori
b.Kelp d. Aristichthys
22. The most dominant species cultured in brackishwater in the country are:
a. Oyster and mussels c. Mudcrab and grouper
b. Milkfish and shrimp d. Tilapia and milkfish
138
23. The Philippines ranks as the world’s second largest producer of:
a. Shrimp c. Sea cucumber

b. Milkfish d. Seaweeds
24. The height of the levee from the water surface to the top of the levee
is called:
a. Dike height c. Side slope

b. Freeboard d. Fetch
25. A pond bottom slope of 2000:1 is equivalent to:
a. 0.05 % slope c. 1.0 % slope

b. 0.5 % slope d. 5 % slope
26. This is provided in a pipe drain to prevent seepage:
a. Core trench c. Collar

b. Freeboard d. Frame
27. A small channel between the crop rows large enough to carry water
a. border
b. basin
c. furrow
d. sprinkler
28. A thin film of soil layer detached and transported by water flowing on
the land surface.
a. Slip erosions
b. Wind erosions
c. Sheet erosions
d. Splash/Raindrop erosion
29. Conservation of energy is often applied in practice as
a. Pascal Law
b. Torrecelli Theorem
c. Darcy Equation
d. Bernoullis Equation
30. These two culture systems in open water are considered as enclosure
culture systems:
a. Raceways and ponds c. Ponds and cages

b. Pens and cages d. Raceways and pens
31. The term head is often used to mean a
a. Momentum
b. Velocity
c. Energy
d. Discharge
139
32. A ladder 10 feet long is standing straight up against the side of
a house. The base of the ladder is pulled away from the side of the house
at the rate of 2 feet per second. How high up the side of the house will
the top of the ladder be 1 second after the base begins being pulled away
from the house? How high up the side of the house will the top of the
ladder be after 3 seconds?
a. 9 ft. b. 8 ft c. 7 ft. d. 6 ft.
33. Flow energy is sometimes expressed as
a. Velocity head
b. Pressure head
c. Elevation head
d. NOTA
34. The shear stress of the fluid times the slope of the velocity vectors
is a constant called
a. Dynamic viscosity
b. Unit weight
c. Relative density
d. Compressive stress
35. The attraction between like molecules is called
a. Adhesion
b. Cohesion
c. Tension
d. Repulsion
36. A sheet of cardboard 3 ft. by 4 ft. will be made into a box by cutting
equal-sized squares from each corner and folding up the four edges. What is
the largest possible volume of the box?
a. 0.57 ft b. 1.77 ft c. 3.03 ft3 d. 4.99 ft3
37. A device for measuring atmospheric pressure
a. Barometer
b. Blower
c. Accumulator
d. Hydrometer
38. A cylindrical can is to hold 20 m.3 The material for the top and
bottom costs Php 10/m.2 and material for the side costs Php 8/m.2 Find the
radius r and height h of the most economical can.
a. r = 2, h=5
b. r=5, h=2 ft
c. r = h = 2
d. r = h=5
140
39. A certain type of bacteria, given a favorable growth medium, doubles
in population every 6.5 hours. Given that there were approximately 100
bacteria to start with, how many bacteria will there be in a day and a
half?
a. 8464 b. 6448 c. 4846 d. 4648
40. A container for storing a pressurized fluid
a. Barometer
b. Blower
c. Accumulator
d. Hydrometer
41. A device to move a gas, generally at a higher rate and lower pressure
than a fan does
a. Barometer
b. Blower
c. Accumulator
d. Hydrometer
42. Two trains A and B, started simultaneously from the opposite ends of a
100-km route and traveled toward each other on parallel tracks. Train A,
traveling at a constant rate, completed the 100-km trip in 5 hours, Train
B, traveling also at a constant rate, completed the 100-km trip in 3 hours.
How many kilometers had Train A traveled when it met Train B?
a.37.5 b. 48 c. 64 d. 77.5
43. In the Fernandez family, each daughter has the same number of brothers
as she has sisters. Each son has twice as many sisters as he has brothers.
How many sons and daughters are in the family?
a. 3 daughters and 4 sons c. 4 daughters and 3 sons

b. 3 daughters and 3 sons d. 4 daughters and 4 sons
44. Miriam can finish a job in 5 hours, Jorge can finish the same job in 3
hours. How long will it take them to finish the whole job if they work
together?
a. ¾ hour b. 5/4 hours c. 15/8 hours d. 8/3 hours
45. The doctor gives you three pills and tells you to take one every half
hour. How many minutes will it take before you run out of pills?
a. 120 b. 90 c. 60 d. 45
46. The sum of two numbers is 80. What is their greatest product?
a. 6400 b. 1600 c. 160 d. 400
141
47. Geologic formations arranged in decreasing economic attractiveness of
pumping
a. aquifer, aquifuge, aquitard, aquiclude
b. aquifer, aquiclude, aquitard, aquifuge
c. aquifer, aquitard, aquifuge, aquiclude
d. aquifer, aquitard, aquiclude, aquifuge
48. It is the right of each land owner along the stream which entitles
him/her to have the water flow in its natural channel undermined in
quantity and unpolluted in quality.
a. appropriation right c. water right

b. riparian right d. irrigation right
49. The minimum distance from the center of the lone pumped well wherein no
drawdon will be observed is the __________________.
a. well radius c. radius of interference

b. radius of influence d. drawdown curve
50. It is the ratio of the dry mass of the soil to the mass of water with
volume equal to the soil bulk volume.
a. Particle density c. Real specific gravity

b. Bulk density d.Apparent specific gravity
51. It accounts for the losses incurred before the water is delivered into
the field ditches.
a. Application efficiency
b. Conveyance efficiency
c. Water inflow.
d. Water outflow.
52. What is the expected annual rice production for a 5-ha farm with 140%
per hectare?
a. 56 tons c. 20 tons
b. 28.6 tons d. 28 tons
53. Drain layout for fields with relatively flat portions in the middle.
m2/hr
a. herringbone c. double main

b. grid iron d. natural
54. For a 9m x 9m sprinkler spacing, what is the design sprinkler throw for
a 40% overlap?
a. 12.6 m c. 6.3 m
b. 5.4 m d. 10.8 m
142
30cm) with residual moisture content of 16% by weight, bulk density of
1,200 kg/m3 and porosity of 45%. Standing water for planting is 25 mm.
a. 136.4 mm c. 77.4 mm
b. 102.4 mm d. 111.4 mm
the soil hydraulic conductivity is 12m/day and the water level at the
drains are 6 and 8 meters.
a. 0.168 m3/day c. 0.0005 m2/hr

b. 0.012 m3/day d. 0.007 m2/hr
57. Tensiometers are not capable of measuring a wide range of soil moisture
content because they can only measure soil moisture tension up to _______.
a. 0.7 atm c. 75 Kpa

b. 68.4 cmHg d. 608 mmHg
58-59.An unconfined aquifer is situated above a horizontal impervious base

and is composed of sand with a hydraulic conductivity of 12m/day. In this
width of 1200m. The water level in the left and right ditches rises to 8
and 12m above the impervious base, respectively. The recharge by rainfall
is 6.5 mm/day. Evaporation losses amount to 2.5 mm/day.
a. 3.5 m2 / day c. 2.0 m2 / day

b. 4.3 m2 / day d.2.8 m2 / day
a. 3.5 m2 / day c. 2.0 m2 / day

b. 4.3 m2 / day d.2.8 m2 / day
60. The depth of water to be removed from a drainage area in 24 hrs is

called
a. runoff coefficient
b. drainage coefficient
c. discharge coefficient
d. maximum observed rainfall
61. Determine the head loss in a 4” aluminum lateral 500 ft long if

sprinkler spacing is 50 ft. Sprinkler discharge is 0.25 lps.
a. 6.86 ft c. 3.60 ft
b. 2.72 ft d. 1.43 ft
143
62. It is the ratio of the dry weight of soil particles to the weight of an
equal volume of water.
a. particle density c. real specific gravity

b. bulk density d. apparent specific gravity
removed.
a. available water
b. permanent wilting point
c. field capacity
d. readily available moisture
64. One thousand two hundred and fifty cubic meters of water was delivered
to a 10 ha farm for the month of June in which the consumptive use is
estimated at 8 mm/day. The effective rainfall for the period was 150 mm.
What is the irrigation efficiency?
a. 32% c. 72%
b. 87% d. 52%
65. These are pipelines built on or near the ground surface to convey water
across wide depressions.
a. inverted siphons c. laterals

b. siphons d. flumes
66. Evapotranspiration in an 8 ha farm is 7 mm/day and percolation losses

is 2 mm/day. What is the design discharge of a canal to be able to deliver
a 5-day requirement of the farm in 24 hours if irrigation efficiency is
75%?
a. 150 m3/hr c. 175 m3/hr

b. 200 m3/hr d. 140 m3/hr
67. Subsurface drain system wherein laterals join the submain on both sides
alternately.
a. gridiron c. parallel drain system

b. herringbone d. double main system
68. The amount of water the soil profile will hold when all its pore spaces
are filled up with water
b. Intake rate
c. Permeability
d. Saturation point
144
69. How much water should be applied to a 6 ha farm where the rooting depth
is 80 cm if it is in its permanent wilting point? Volumetric moisture
contents are 0.15 and 0.32 for permanent wilting point and field capacity,
respectively.
a. 7,200 m3 c. 15,360 m3
b. 6,120 m3 d. 8,160 m3
70. What is the depth of water in a trapezoidal channel with a sideslope of

2 and carrying a 2.5 m3/s water flow? The channel’s bottom width is 1.5
meters and the flowing water has a velocity of 0.8 m/s.
a. 1.00 meter c. 1.20 meters

b. 0.93 meter d. 0.82 meter

rectangular piece of land 125 m x 190m if the laterals are set parallel to
the longer side of the field?
a. 503 c. 486
b. 504 d. 485
72. What is the expected annual rice production for an 8-ha farm with 130%
per hectare?
a. 83.2 tons c. 24.6 tons

b. 28.6 tons d. 41.6 tons
73. If the impeller speed of a centrifugal pump is increased from 1800 rpm
to 2340 rpm, the resulting power will be how many times the original?
a. 1.690 c. 1.091
b. 2.197 d. 1.140
74. Darcy’s law states that the flow of water through a porous medium is
a. proportional to the medium’s hydraulic conductivity

b. inversely proportional to the length of flow path
c. both a and b
d. neither a nor b
75. One liter per second is equal to
a. 16.85 gpm c. 15.85 gpm

b. 15.5 gpm d. 17.35 gpm
76. The Scientific name for white potato:
a. Mahinot esculenta
b. Ipomoea batatas
c. Dioscorea alata
d. Solanum Tuberosum
145
77. It is the ratio of the volume of voids to the total volume of the soil.
a. void volume c. porosity

b. bulk density d. void density
78. A process of a phase change between vapor to liquid involving removal

of heat
a. Capillary
b. Cavitation
c. Condensation
d. Conduction
79. A soil sample was obtained using a cylindrical soil sampler with a 4”
diameter and 10” height. After oven drying, the sample weighed 2,470
grams. What is the soil’s bulk density?
a. 12 g/cc c. 1200 kg/m3

b. 1.1 g/cc d. 1.3 kg/ m3
80. It is the water retained about individual soil particles by molecular

action and can be removed only by heating.
a. permanent wilting point c. hydrophobic water

b. hygroscopic water d. microscopic water
81. Compute for the brake horsepower of a pump needed to pump-out a fluid
(=1.3 g/cc) at a rate of 300 gpm with a total head of 6m. Assume pump
efficiency of 60%.
a. 2.5 hp c. 3.5 hp
b. 3 hp d. 5 hp

a. 16.85 c. 5.59
b. 17.55 d. 6.59
83. It refers to the composite parts of the irrigation system that divert
water from natural bodies of water such as rivers, streams and lakes.
a. main canal c. irrigation structures

b. diversion dam d. headworks
84. It is a measure of the amount of water that the soil will retain
against a tension of 15 atmospheres.
a. readily available moisture

b. available moisture
c. permanent wilting point
d. field capacity
146
85. Given a shallow tubewell with maximum discharge of 15 lps and a total
dynamic head of 7 meters. Determine the power rating of the primemover for
the pump if pump and primemover efficiencies are 60 and 55 % respectively.
a. 4 hp c. 4.5 hp
b. 3.5 hp d. 5 hp
86. What is the discharge in each sprinkler nozzle to irrigate a

rectangular piece of land 150m x 180m if the laterals are set parallel to
the longer side of the field. Sprinkler spacing is 6m x 6m, irrigation
water requirement is 150mm and irrigation period is 6 hours.
a. 0.250 lps c. 0.500 lps

b. 0.375 lps d. 0.125 lps
87. The International Soil Science Society describes sand as a soil

particle with a diameter of
a. 0.02 to 2 mm c. 0.002 to 0.02 mm

b. 0.2 to 2mm d. 0.002 to 0.2 mm
88. Determine the irrigation interval for a farm with soil root zone having
a field capacity of 200mm and a wilting point of 105mm. Assume that the
consumptive use for August is 7.5 mm/day with no rainfall and the allowable
moisture depletion is 75%.
a. 10 days c. 4 days
b. 9 days d. 3 days
89. Ten cubic meters per hour is equal to
a. 2.78 lps c. both a and b

b. 44.03 gpm d. neither a nor b
90. The localized lowering of the static or piezometric water level due to
pumping
a. groundwater decline c. subsidence

b. drawdown d. depression
91. The aggregation of soil particles into peds.
a. soil texture c. clay

b. soil structure d. soil porosity

requirement of a 5-ha farm in 12 hours if the irrigation requirement is
8mm/day?
a. 65 m3/s c. 0.65 m3/s

b. 6.5 m3/s d. 0.065 m3/s
147
93. It is a geologic formation which transmits water at a rate insufficient
to be economically developed for pumping.
a. aquifer c. aquifuge
b. aquiclude d. aquitard
94. Determine the maximum total head at which a 5 hp centrifugal pump can
extract water at a rate of 25 lps if pump efficiency is 65%.
a. 25.32 ft c. 33.39 ft
b. 32.48 ft d. 35.12 ft
95. An 8mm rainfall was measured by a USWB standard raingauge (8 inches in

diameter). Determine the height of water in the inner cylinder, whose area
is one tenth of the catch area.
a. 0.8 cm b. 80.0 mm
c. 259.0 mm d. 80.0 cm
96. What is the effect of the presence of extensive vegetation in a

watershed?
a. reduce peak runoff rates

b. both a and b
c. increases infiltration capacity
97. Type of rainfall caused by the upward lifting of the air mass due to a
mountain.
a. Convective rainfall b. Orographic rainfall

c. Frontal rainfall d. Cyclonic rainfall
98. What do you call the mountain side, with reference to the wind
direction, in which the air mass passing through it is cold and dry?
a. Wayward b. Trade wind

c. Windward d. Leeward
99. Graphical representation of instantaneous runoff rate against time
a. hydrograph
b. monograph
c. log-probability graph
d. hyetograph
100. A device used in measuring temperature based on some physical

properties of materials
a. Tee
b. Thermistor
c. Thermocouple
d. Thermometer
148
SUBJECTS
(CHIQUE)
1. The capacity of rainfall (precipitation) to effect the detachment and

transport of soil particles.
a. erodibility b. erosivity
c. affectivity d. conductivity
2. The equation used in current meters is V = a + bN. What does b

signifies?
a. proportionality constant
b. bed slope
c. starting velocity
d. number of revolutions
3. A simple vertical tube used to measure pressure on the basis of the height
of the column of liquid
a. Piezometer
b. Weir
c. Venturi
d. Sluice gate
4. Uniform removal of soil in thin layers from sloping land resulting from
overland flow
a. rill erosion b. coastal erosion

c. sheet erosion d. splash erosion
5. When is the best/recommended time to sample sediment load in the stream?
a. Intermittent flow b. Base flow

c. Peak flow d. Perennial flow
6. Water which has been absorbed from an atmosphere of water vapor as a

result of attractive forces in the surface of the particles.
a. capillary water
b. rainwater
c. hygroscopic water
d. mineral water
149
7. The Scientific name for cauliflower:
a. Brassica juncea
b. Brassica chinensis
c. Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
d. Brassica oleracea var. capitala
8. A panel generally rectangular, located near the lowest level of a tank or

reservoir that, when lifted permits flows
a. Piezometer
b. Weir
c. Venturi
d. Sluice gate
9. It is refer to the ease of crumbling of soils.
a. puddlability
b. soil consistency
c. friability
d. plasticity
10. An aerobic process involving the production of Nitrates from Ammonium

salt:
a. Nitrification
b. Salinization
c. Denitrification
d. Ammonification
11. A high-energy molecule that is the major source for usable chemical
energy for cellular work:
a. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)

b. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
c. Vitamins
d. Protein
12. It is the term used in referring the unconsolidated materials above the
bedrock:
a. regolith
b. subsoil
c. topsoil
d. humus
13. Determine the 10-year period peak runoff for a 80-hectare watershed
having a runoff coefficient of 0.4. The maximum length of flow of water is
610 meters and the fall along this path is 6.0 meters. The rainfall
intensity for that return period is 101.25 mm/hr having a duration equal to
the time of concentration.
a. 9.0 b. 1.5
c. 16.5 d. 16.3
150
14. A type of cropping system wherein different crops are planted in an area
one after the other each season
a. strip cropping b. cropping pattern

c. mixed cropping d. relay cropping
15. A farmer asked you, an engineer, “What is the erosion rate in my 10-
hectare farm with an average slope of 3%?” The following were determined
during you visit: slope-length factor is 1.0; soil type is loam with a
factor 0.25; cropping management factor of 0.6 for overgrazed; conservation
practice is conventional with factor 1.0; and from your assessment the
rainfall factor is 178. What will you answer the farmer?
a. 267.0 mm/yr b. 26.7 mm/yr

c. 2.67 mm/yr d. 80.1 mm/yr
a. 2 years b. 20 years
c. 5 years d. 50 years
17. Type of flow wherein the discharge or flow in a prismatic channel is

constant with respect to time
a. laminar flow b. uniform flow

c. steady flow d. critical flow
18. Determine the average monthly rainfall in a 500 ha watershed based on the
rainfall data for September of 5 rainfall gaging stations. The areas of the
corresponding Thiessen polygons are also indicated.
Stati Rainfall Thiessen Polygon

on Total Area, ha
(September),
mm
A 2190 22
B 1731 106
C 2040 75
D 1560 203
E 1974 94
a. 1747 mm b. 1774 mm
c. 17470 mm c. 17740 mm
19. Marikina watershed having a drainage area of 500 sq. km. has been
characterized to have an average CN value of 65 in 1970 where it experienced
a storm depth of 100mm. After 30 years, the same storm magnitude was felt
but this time, due primarily to a change in land use inside the watershed,
the CN value now is 84. What is the percentage change in the depth of
runoff?
a. 133 % b. 41%
c. 80 % d. 29 %
151
20. The only substance on earth that exists naturally in three phases,
namely, gas, liquid and solid
a. mercury b. water
c. carbon dioxide d. oxygen
21. Type of precipitation associated with the movement of air masses from
high pressure regions to low-pressure regions
a. Orographic precipitation
b. Convective precipitation
d. Artificial precipitation
22. Water molecules are said to be influenced by this/these type of molecular

bonding
a. ionic b. polar
c. covalent d. all of the above
23. Science that deals with space-time characteristics of the quantity and
quality of the waters of the earth, encompassing their occurrence, movement,
distribution, circulation, storage, exploration, development and management
a. Geology b. Environmental science

c. Hydrology d. Paleontology
24. The total rainfall for the month of May was 600mm as measured by a USWB
standard raingauge (8 inches in diameter). Determine the average daily
rainfall for the month.
a. 20.0 cm b. 20.0 mm
c. 19.4 cm d. 19.4 mm
25. When the water level in the pipe drops below the upper edge of the pipe
or culvert and its conduit controls, the flow becomes:
a. weir flow b. open channel flow

c. orifice flow d. pipe flow
26. The rate of vertical water movement through the soil at saturated
condition is
a. infiltration rate b. percolation rate

c. depletion rate d. soil permeability
27. A barrier placed on a stream/canal to constrict the flow of water and

cause it fall over a crest usually used to measure discharge.
a. drop structure
b. weir
c. crest stage gage
d. staff gage
152
28. A hydraulic jump is a classic example of this type of flow
a. Unsteady flow
c. Rapidly Varied flow
d. Critical flow
29. The soil property which describes the ability of the soil to transmit
water
a. hydraulic conductivity b. percolation rate

c. matric potential d. infiltration rate
30. It is a natural or synthetic hydrograph for one unit of direct runoff

from the catchment in a specified unit of time.
a. basic hydrograph b. design hydrograph

c. unit hydrograph d. runoff hydrograph
31. Removal of soil by water forming small but well defined channels due to
the concentration of overland flow
a. stream channel erosion

b. gully erosion
c. rill erosion
d. sheet erosion
32. In discharge measurement, the readings in a staff gage are useless

without this:
a. synthetic hydrograph
b. unit hydrograph
c. rating curve
d. matching curve
33. Structured device designed to hold a pool of water to cushion the impact
and retard the flow of falling water as from an overflow weir, chute or drop
a. sill
b. stilling basin
c. apron
d. pond
34. What law prevails in air masses in the atmosphere that for every drop
(increase) of pressure there is a corresponding decrease (increase) of
temperature resulting to the cooling of such air masses inducing
precipitation.
a. Law of Conservation of Mass

b. Law of Conservation of Energy
c. Avogardo’s Law
d. Ideal Gas Law
153
35. It is the time required for water to flow from the most remote point of
the watershed to the outlet
a. time to peak
b. lag time
c. recession time
d. time of concentration
36. What is the total volume of rainfall when 29 mm fall over an area of 183
km2?
a. 5.307 x 109 cu.m

b. 5.307 x 106 cu.m
c. 5.307 x 103 cu.m
d. 5.307 cu.m
37. The La Mesa dam reservoir is said to be near the critical level of water
shortage. Assuming that it is already in the critical level, 80m in its
monitoring gauge, if the average area of the reservoir water surface is
approximately 6 km2 and if under normal condition 90% of the total rainfall
that falls in the watershed finds its way to the reservoir, what amount of
rainfall over the watershed is needed to raise the water level of the
reservoir by 2 meters? Watershed area is 2,700 hectares.
a. 494 mm b. 722 mm
c. 222 mm d. 889 mm
38. In the Soil Conservation Service method (curve number method), if the
Curve number is 100, this indicates that:
a. rainfall = runoff b. rainfall is less than runoff

c. runoff = 0 d. rainfall is highly erosive
39. A supercritical flow is a flow condition where
a. Fr = 1 b. Fr < 1
c. Fr >1 d. Fr > 4000
40. A restriction placed in an open channel for the purpose of flow

measurement
a. Piezometer
b. Weir
c. Venturi
d. Sluice gate
41. Light steady rain in fine drops about 0.5 mm and intensity less than 1
mm/h
a. Drizzle
b. Virga
c. Glaze
d. Dew
154
42. When the water level in the pipe drops below the upper edge of the pipe
and the conduit controls, the flow becomes
a. Weir flow
b. Orifice flow
c. Open channel flow
d. Pipe flow
43. The rate of decrease of temperature with the increase in elevation is

called
a. updraft b. lapse rate

c. convection rate d. deflection rate
44. A Parshall flume of throat width equal to 2.0 ft. will be used to measure
peak discharge. The expected peak stage at the flume well is 2.5 ft. What
is the peak discharge which this flume can estimate?
a. 33.1 cfs b. 35.1 cfs

c. 34.1 cfs d. 36.1 cfs
45. The approximate threshold for soil loss in the Philippines is around 12
metric T/ha/yr. Assuming a soil bulk density of 1.2 metric T/m3, what is the
soil erosion in mm/yr?
a. 0.1 mm/yr b. 1.0 mm/yr

c. 10 mm/yr d. 100 mm/yr
46. The USLE is a method of computing soil erosion. What type of soil
erosion does it estimate?
a. sheet erosion only

b. sheet and rill erosion only
c. sheet, rill and gully erosion
d. all types of erosion
47. A storm occurred in two similar watersheds, Gladz and Karl, both 700 has.
in area. Gladz watershed is long and slender while Karl watershed is short
but wide. Which watershed will experience the earliest and highest peak flow
assuming that the rainfall over the watershed is evenly distributed?
a. Karl
b. Gladz
c. The same
d. Neither Karl nor Gladz
48. Type of sediment load along the stream characterized as sediments that
are sometimes stationary and sometimes carried by the water along the stream.
a. Saltating load
b. Bed load
c. Temporary load
d. Suspended load
155
49. In frequency analysis, most hydrologic processes, more or less, follow
this process. This process is governed by chance and time dependent. What
type of process is this?
a. Deterministic Process
b. Probabilistic Process
c. Stochastic Process
d. Hydrolistic Process
50. Run-off is produced when this property of the soil surface is exceeded
a. Percolation rate
b. Erodibility
d. Permeability
51. Type of flow wherein the depth of flow at every section of a prismatic
channel is constant
a. laminar flow
b. uniform flow
c. steady flow
d. critical flow
52. The capacity of water bodies to cleanse themselves of pollutants over a

period of time and/or stretch
a. stress capacity
b. assimilative capacity
c. driving capacity
d. water holding capacity
53. The soil erosion in a certain 10-ha farm practicing conventional tillage
(P factor = 1.0) was computed to be 50 T/ha/yr. By what percentage will be
the difference in soil erosion if zoning (P factor = 0.25) was employed?
a. 25% increase
b. 25% decrease
c. 75% increase
d. 75% decrease
54. What is the water depth in a 24-inch diameter culvert which flows at 500
gpm and 2 ft/sec velocity?
a. 24.0 inches
b. 12.0 inches
c. 1.4 inches
d. 7.2 inches
with a 90 degree V notch weir, if the flow is now moving at 5 ft/sec in a 2
ft. wide rectangular channel?
a. 1.5 ft.
b. 1.4 ft.
c. 1.3 ft
d. 1.2 ft.
156
56. On a 20% hill slope, it is proposed to construct bench terraces with 1:1
batter slope. If the vertical interval is 2 meters, what is the width of the
terrace?
a. 10 m b. 8 m
c. 20 m d. 16 m
57. The rate of vertical water movement through the soil at saturated
condition is.
b. Depletion rate
c. Percolation rate
d. Soil permeability
58. Combination of anabolic and catabolic reactions occurring in the body

with the liberation of energy. It involves all the chemical reactions
performed by the cells to use the basic units of the nutrients for their
specific functions:
a. nutrition
b. excretion
c. metabolism
d. digestion
59. Used if the entire area is to be drained and is usually more economic.
Laterals enter the submain from one side only to minimize the double drainage
that occurs near the submain.
d. Gridiron Layout
60. Complex protein produced in living cells that causes changes in other
substances within the body without being changed itself (organic catalyst):
a. enzymes
b. plasma
c. genes
d. protein
61. The process of providing oxygen to the cells of the body and removing
carbon dioxide from them:
a. digestion
b. respiration
c. excretion
d. perspiration
157
62. To inoculate – with a mildly toxic preparation of bacteria or a virus of
specific disease to prevent or lessen the effects of that disease:
a. culling
b. vaccination
c. fecundation
d. parturition
63. The process of producing and secreting milk in order to nourish the
young:
a. mastication
b. lactation
c. conception
d. emaciation
64. The scientific name for Oriental Cattle:
a. Bos taurus
b. Bos indicus
c. Bubalus bubalis
d. Sus scrofa
65. A hydraulic jump is classic example of the type of flow:
a. Unsteady flow
b. Uniform flow
d. Critical flow
66. The term applied for the carcass or carcass parts coming from animals
sufficiently mature and healthy:
a. meat
b. milk
c. hide
d. organ
67. The term applied for the meat of a goat:
a. cara-beef
b. veal
c. mutton
d. chevon
68. What is the effect of the presence of extensive vegetation in a

watershed:
a. Reduce peak runoff rate

b. Increases infiltration capacity
c. Both a and b
d. NOTA
158
69. Meat that has not undergone any substantial change from the time of
slaughter:
a. meat-by-product
b. hot meat
c. fresh meat
d. hot boned meat
70. Term used for meats coming from an illegal source:
a. meat-by-product
b. corned meat
c. hot meat
d. hot boned meat
71. The removal of the testicles whether by surgical or chemical means:
a. oviposition
b. kidding
c. unsoundness
d. caponization
72. Dried milk obtained by evaporating the moisture from milk solids:
a. certified milk
b. condensed milk
c. powder milk
d. filled milk
73. It is a process of destroying most disease-producing microorganisms and

limiting fermentation in milk subjected to heating for a definite time at a
definite temperature and thereafter cooling it immediately:
a. evaporation
b. fabrication
c. pasteurization
d. homogenization
74. Concentrated milk to which sugar has been added. It has 27 percent water,
8.1 percent protein, 54.8 percent lactose, and 1.7 percent mineral:
a. certified milk
b. condensed milk
c. powder milk
d. filled milk
75. Term applied for slaughtering an animal which is already dead of some
causes prior to slaughter:
a. flaying
b. fabrication
c. curing
d. cold slaughter
159
76. A group of animals, which possesses certain characteristics that are
common to individuals within that group of animals within the same species:
a. breed
b. family
c. spray
d. gait
77. The term applied for the meat of a young sheep:
a. pork b. lamb c. mutton d. chevon e. beef
78. Consists of soil removal from stream banks or soil movement in the
channel.
b. Rill erosion
c. Gully erosion
79. Used to determine the magnitude of floods and a valuable consideration in

the design of structures
a. Base flow
d. Peak flow
80. Air is lifted through horizontal convergence of the inflow into a low
pressure area
a. Frontal
b. Non frontal
81. This system is adapted to areas that have depressions which are too deep
or too large to fill by land leveling. The ditches meander from one low spot
to another, collecting the water and carrying it to an outlet ditch.

d. Diversion or parallel ditch system
82. This method is the application of water to the surface of the soil in the
form of spray, simulating that of rain.
b. Sub-irrigation
160
83. Managed and operated by farmers’ or irrigators’ associations

84. The process by which water vapor escapes from living plants, principally
by leaves, and enters the atmosphere.
a. Percolation
c. Transpiration
d. Seepage
85. From the tertiary canal to the field, application losses are incurred.
Application losses include the seepage and percolation losses along the
canals as well as losses due to evaporation.

86. The difference in elevation of the water surface in a pond, lake, or

river from which pumped water is taken, and the water surface of the
discharge canal into which the water flows from a submerged discharged pipe
or the difference in elevation between the water surface in the well and the
water surface of the discharged canal.
a. Static head
c. Drawdown
87. Lifting of warm air over cold air at the contact zone between air masses
having different characteristics
a. Frontal
b. Non Frontal
88. A system of irrigation facilities covering contiguous areas
c. Irrigated Lands
d. Irrigable Lands
161
89. Wherein the water is directed to the base of the plant. Water is applied
to the soil through small orifices. Surface or buried. The rate of
discharge is determined by the size of the orifice and the pressure in the
pipelines.
b. Sub-irrigation
90. Is a science that treats of the waters of the earth, their occurrence,
circulation, and distribution, their chemical and physical properties, and
their reaction with their environment, including their relation to living
things.
a. Bureau of Soils
b. Hydroponics
c. Soil water conservation engineering
d. Hydrology
91. Depth of flow is the same at every section of the prismatic channel

b. Varied flow
c. Uniform flow
d. Unsteady flow
92. Data is more or less normally distributed

93. A channel constructed around the slope and given a slight gradient to
cause water to flow to a suitable and stable outlet.
a. Riprap
b. Gabions
c. Diversion canal
d. Terracing
94. Pipes vertically set into the ground that abstract groundwater to be used
for irrigation, usually owned and operated by individual farmers

95. The sum of total static head, pressure head, velocity head and friction
head.
a. Static head
c. Drawdown
162
96. Interval between corresponding points on successive terraces or from top
of slope to the bottom of first terrace.
c. Contour line
d. Contour map
97. Special case of flow in which the discharge varies with distance along
the channel

b. Turbulent flow
c. Laminar flow
98. Detachment and transport of soil particles by concentrated flow of water

creating channels larger and deeper than rills.
b. Rill erosion
c. Gully erosion
99. Characterized by pulsatory cross-current velocities; re => 4000

b. Turbulent flow
c. Laminar flow
100. Gives the best fit for most stations for 1-week, 2-week, 3-week and
monthly rainfall totals of the country

163
SUBJECTS
(MATE)
1. The ratio of the volume of voids to the total soil volume is called:
a. Soil density
b. Specific gravity
c. porosity
d. Void ratio
2. The quantity expressing the ratio of the volume of pores to the volume of
solids is termed as:
a. Soil density
b. Specific gravity
c. porosity
d. Void ratio
3.Water held by forces of surface tension as continuous films around soil

particles termed as:
c. Capillary water
d. Sea water
4. A device in which the volume of soil planted with vegetation is located in

a container to isolate it hydrologically from the surrounding soil.
a. Tensiometer
b. Lysimeter
c. Infiltrometer
d. Evaporator
5. The movement of water from the surface from the soil.
a. Infiltration
b. Capillary
d. Surface tension
6. The science concerned with study of the atmosphere phase of the hydrologic
cycle.
a. Hydrology
b. Hydrometeorology
c. Meteorology
d. Aerodynamics
164
7. The science with the study of water in all phase of existing is called.
a. Hydrology
b. Hydrometeorology
c. Meteorology
d. Aerodynamics
8. The branch of science with the study of weather condition including their
daily movement.
a. Hydrology c. Meteorology
b. Hydrometeorology d. Aerodynamics
9. The transmission of heat from one part of the liquid or gas to another by
the movement of air or water.
a. Convection
b. Conduction
c. Precipitation
d. Evaporation
10. It refers to all forms for water, solid, liquid coming from the
atmosphere.
a. Convection
b. Conduction
c. Precipitation
d. Evaporation
11. The process by which a substance changes from liquid to vapor state.
a. Convection
b. Precipitation
c. Sublimation
d. Evaporation
12. The areas of land on which crop are irrigated, the size of which can vary
from a few hectares to 70 ha or more
a. Irrigation units
b. Open channel
d. Watershed
13. The system of canal used to distribute water from some sources to an
irrigated land
a. Irrigation units
b. Open channel
d. Watershed
165
14. The drainage system or open channel are called
a. Canals
b. Crops
c. Drains
d. AOTA
15. The speed at which water flows in a channels is
a. Discharge
b. Velocity
c. Stream size
d. Unit stream
16. The discharge required to irrigate basin, borders and furrow is
a. Discharge
b. Velocity
c. Stream size
d. Unit stream
17. The discharge for each meter width of the border irrigated
a. Discharge
b. Velocity
c. Stream size
d. Unit stream
18. The process of heat moving from atom by an exchange of kinetic energy
a. Capillary
b. Cavitation
c. Condensation
d. Conduction
19. The formation and collapse of vapor bubbles at low pressure
a. Capillary
b. Cavitation
c. Condensation
d. Conduction
20. The volume per unit mass
a. Specific weight
b. Specific gravity
c. Specific volume
d. Specific density
21. The ratio of the specific weight to the density
a. Acceleration due to gravity

b. Mass
c. Weight
d. Specific gravity
166
22. Absolute or dynamic viscosity is a relationship between
a. Shear stress and velocity gradient

b. Velocity and force
c. Force and area
d. Velocity and area
23. The appropriate unit for dynamic viscosity
a. Joule
b. Newton
c. Pascal
d. NOTA
24. Hydrometer is used to measure
a. Humidity
b. Viscosity
c. Specific gravity
d. NOTA
25. The Baume, API, and Twaddell are all use for
a. Absolute viscosity
b. Specific gravity
c. Kinematic viscosity
d. NOTA
26. A simplification of Darcy equation for energy loss, applicable solely to

the laminar flow is
a. Darcy equation
b. Manning equation
c. Bernoullis equation
d. Hagen – Poiseuille equation
27. A device for measuring temperature that is made from oxide, indicate
absolute temperature and can be formed of the variety of shape
a. Thermistor
b. Thermocouple
c. Thermometer
d. NOTA
28. A device for connecting three flows paths
a. Tee
b. Thermistor
c. Thermocouple
d. thermometer
167
29. What size of a sewer pipe should be laid @ a slope of 0.0001 to carry a
discharge of 650 lps when flowing half full? The pipe is circular & the
roughness of coef “n” has a value of 0.015.
a. R=1.0 m
b. R=2.0 m
c. R=3.0 m
d. R=4.0 m
30. Find the required diameter for circular pipes such that two of them will
be just sufficient to carry the water delivered by an open channel of half
square section 1.8 m wide & 900 mm deep. Given for the channel & pipe S =
0.0009 & C = 66.
a. d=4.14
b. d=3.14
c. d=1.14
d. d=2.14
31. That which infiltrates into the soil surface and moves laterally through
the upper soil horizons towards streams as perched groundwater above major
groundwater level
a. Base flow
b. Interflow
c. Overland flow
d. Peak flow
32. Act of giving birth in swine
a. Kidding
b. Farrowing
c. Calving
d. Breeding
33. Mature male horse for breeding
a. Stud horse
b. Cara-steer
c. Colt
d. Stag
34. Carabao meat?
a. Cara-beef
b. Venison
c. Cara-lapan
d. Veal
35. Carcass or carcass parts coming from animals sufficiently mature and
healthy?
a. Meat
b. Pork
c. Veal
d. Beef
168
36. Device in which a sow is confined during farrowing and lactation periods
and prevents sow from turning around
a. Farrowing stall or Farrowing crate

b. Creep area
c. Sow fence
d. Farrowing brace
37. Piglets born in one farrowing
a. Litter
b. Gilt
c. Weaner
d. Fatterner
38. Unbred sows which have just been weaned; non-pregnant sows
a. Dry Sows
b. Doe
c. Sow
d. Gilt
39. Swine which are 66 kg and up

a. Grower
b. Finisher
c. Gilt
d. Boar
40. Piglet that has been recently separated from its mother
a. Litter
b. Gilt
c. Grower
d. Weaner
41. Female horse for breeding?
a. Brood mare
b. Mare
c. Heifer
d. Filly
42. Meat of swine?
a. Pork
b. Veal
c. Lapan
d. Beef
43. Refers to a male breeding swine which is at least 8 months old
a. Boar
b. Finisher
c. Grower
d. Gilt
169
44. Place for piglets inside the farrowing pen
a. Creep area
b. Herd area
c. Litter area
d. Culling animals rate
45. Male swine castrated at a young age
a. Barrow
b. Steer of bullock
c. Boar
d. Gilt
46. Space requirement for 21-40 kg swine
a. 0.15 m2 per animal

b. 0.10 m2 per animal
c. 0.35 m2 per animal
d. 0.40 m2 per animal
47. Rate of removing undesirable or unproductive animals within the herd
a. Culling rate
b. Herd rate
c. Animals herd rate
d. Culling animals rate
48. Philippine term for water buffalo?
a. Cow
b. Tamaraw
c. Baka
d. Carabao
49. Mature female carabao?
a. Carabao
b. Cara-cow
c. Cow
d. Mare
50. Young female carabao below 3 years of age
a. Cara-heifer
b. Heifer
c. Calf
d. Cara-calf
51. Young carabao of either sex under 1 year of age?
a. Cara-heifer
b. Heifer
c. Calf
d. Cara-calf
170
52. Meat from sheep?
a. Mutton
b. Lapan
c. Venison
d. Veal
53. Rabbit’s meat?
a. Lapan
b. Veal
c. Chevon
d. Venison
54. Meat from deers?
a. Venison
b. Chevon
c. Lapan
d. Veal
55. Space requirement for boar pens

56. Mature female cattle that has already calved
a. Sow
b. Cow
c. Cara-Cow
d. Mare
57. Mature male horse

a. Stallion
b. Stag
c. Colt
d. Filly
58. Male animal which one or both testicles failed to descend to the scrotal
sac
a. Steer of bullock
b. Wether Goat
c. Gilt
d. Cryptorchid
59. Any breeding female pig that has farrowed
a. Gilt
b. Sow
c. Finisher
d. Grower
171
60. Castrated goat while young?
a. Steer of bullock
b. Wether Goat
c. Gilt
d. Cryptorchid
61. Swine raised for meat production usually starts at 15 kg
a. Litter
b. Weaner
c. Grower
d. Fattener
62. Mature female goat that has kidded
a. Ewe
b. Doe
c. Gilt
d. Sow
63. Meat of goat
a. Lapan
b. Veal
c. Chevon
d. Venison
64. Sterile female ox born twin with a bull calf
a. Steer of Bullock
b. Calf
c. kid
d. Free martin
65. Male ox castrated at old age
a. Stallion
b. Stage
c. Filly
d. Colt
66. Meat of ox
a. Beef
b. Pork
c. Veal
d. Chevon
67. Male horse castrated at old age
a. Stag
b. Stug
c. Stud
d. Stallion
172
68. Dry mare for horse
a. Yeld mare
b. Brood mare
c. Filly
d. Colt
69. Act of delivery for horse
a. Foaling
b. Farrowing
c. Calving
d. Kidding
70. Space requirement for dry sows
a. 2.0 m2 per sow

b. 1.75 m2 per sow
c. 1.8 m2 per sow
d. 2.5 m2 per sow
71. Meat of calf
a. Veal
b. Chevon
c. Lapan
d. Beef
72. Young cattle male or female under one year of age
a. Baby cattle
b. Filly
c. Calf
d. Heifer
73. Area in which a sow is confined during farrowing and lactation periods
sow can turn around
a. Farrowing pen
b. Farrowing Stall
c. Farrowing block
d. Farrowing crate
74. Sheep under six months of age
a. Lamb
b. Kid
c. Calf
d. Heifer
75. Pregnant sheep
a. In Calf
b. In Kid
c. In lamb
d. In foal
173
76. Male horse castrated while young
a. Gelding
b. Stud
c. Colt
d. Steer of bullock
77. Space requirement for pigs in group

78. Space requirement for broiler above 4 weeks old
a. 15.5 m2 per 100 birds

b. 12.5 m2 per 100 birds
c. 14.5 m2 per 100 birds
d. 10.5 m2 per 100 birds
79. Pregnant goat
a. In lamb
b. In Kid
c. In calf
d. Farrow
80. Act of parturition of goat?
a. Kidding
b. Farrowing
c. Calving
d. Breeding
81. Goat’s meat?
a. Calf
b. Chevon
c. Veal
d. Cara-beef
82. Pregnant cattle
a. In Kid
b. In calf
c. In calv
d. In foal
174
83. Act of giving birth for cattle
a. Parturition
b. Farrowing
c. Calving
d. Foaling
84. Mature male goat
a. Ram
b. Buck
c. Bull
d. Ewe
85. Male goat castrated at old age
a. Stag
b. Stage
c. Steer of bullock
d. Buck
86. Act of parturition in carabao?
a. Calving
b. Kidding
c. Farrowing
d. Breeding
87. Space requirement for swine 61-80 kg

88. Young female horse
a. Filly
b. Colt
c. Heifer
d. Calf
89. Male carabao castrated while young?
a. Steer of bullock
b. Bull
c. Cara-steer
d. Cara-bull
175
90. Male carabao castrated at old age
a. Cara-stag
b. Cara-steer
c. Colt
d. Stag
91. Horse breeding establishment
a. Stage
b. Stud
c. Stag
d. Stage establishment
92. Space requirement for gilt up to mating
a. 4 m2 per animal
b. 1 m2 per animal
c. 2 m2 per animal
d. 3 m2 per animal
93. Pregnant horse
a. In Kid
b. In calf
c. In calv
d. In foal
94. Young male horse
a. Colt
b. Calf
c. Steer of bullock
d. Heifer
95. Female cattle between two to three years of age which has not given
Birth
a. Cow
b. Heifer
c. Mare
d. Ewe
96. Mature female sheep that has already lambed
a. Ewe
b. Calf
c. Doe
d. Mare
176
97. Number of days an animal can stay in pen
a. 120 days
b. Occupancy
c. 2 months
d. Creep index
98. Breeding male cattle of any age
a. Steer of bullock
b. Bull
c. Colt
d. Bull calf
99. Male ox castrated while young
a. Bull
b. Colt
c. Bull calf
d. Steer of bullock
100. Swine from 40 to 65 kg
a. Grower
b. Finisher
c. Litter
d. Weaner
177
SOIL & WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AND CONSERVATION,
IRRIGATION, DRAINAGE AND ALLIED SUBJECTS
(ANSWERS)
HASSANAL-BASRI 1-100
1.A 11.C 21.B 31.B 41.B 51.D 61.A 71.C 81.C 91.B
2.C 12.C 22.A 32.B 42.A 52.D 62.B 72.A 82.A 92.A
3.C 13.A 23.D 33.B 43.D 53.C 63.A 73.A 83.C 93.C
4.A 14.C 24.A 34.D 44.A 54.A 64.A 74.A 84.A 94.B
5.A 15.A 25.D 35.C 45.C 55.B 65.C 75.D 85.B 95.A
6.C 16.A 26.B 36.D 46.A 56.B 66.B 76.A 86.A 96.C
7.C 17.B 27.A 37.C 47.D 57.C 67.D 77.D 87.D 97.C
8.D 18.A 28.D 38.B 48.A 58.B 68.B 78.A 88.A 98.B
9.D 19.B 29.A 39.A 49.C 59.A 69.B 79.C 89.C 99.A
10.A 20.B 30.D 40.D 50.B 60.B 70.A 80.C 90.D 100.C
AL-SAHID 1-100
1.C 11.A 21.D 31.B 41.B 51.C 61.D 71.C 81.B 91.D
2.B 12.D 22.A 32.B 42.A 52.A 62.A 72.B 82.C 92.B
3.B 13.A 23.D 33.A 43.C 53.B 63.B 73.A 83.A 93.D
4.A 14.A 24.D 34.B 44.B 54.D 64.D 74.A 84.B 94.A
5.B 15.A 25.A 35.B 45.B 55.A 65.D 75.D 85.A 95.C
6.A 16.A 26.B 36.C 46.B 56.D 66.B 76.C 86.B 96.A
7.D 17.C 27.A 37.D 47.A 57.B 67.A 77.A 87.D 97.C
8.A 18.C 28.D 38.C 48.A 58.D 68.C 78.C 88.C 98.D
9.D 19.B 29.B 39.B 49.B 59.C 69.C 79.A 89.D 99.D
10.D 20.C 30.A 40.C 50.C 60.C 70.B 80.D 90.B 100.D
KHALID-MAD 1-100
1.A 11.C 21.D 31.A 41.B 51.B 61.C 71.C 81.C 91.B
2.C 12.D 22.B 32.C 42.B 52.C 62.A 72.B 82.B 92.C
3.B 13.C 23.B 33.D 43.A 53.A 63.B 73.B 83.C 93.C
4.D 14.B 24.A 34.C 44.C 54.A 64.B 74.A 84.A 94.C
5.D 15.B 25.C 35.B 45.C 55.D 65.C 75.D 85.D 95.D
6.A 16.B 26.B 36.D 46.D 56.B 66.A 76.C 86.A 96.A
7.C 17.D 27.C 37.A 47.B 57.B 67.A 77.C 87.C 97.A
8.B 18.A 28.C 38.B 48.D 58.C 68.B 78.C 88.C 98.A
9.B 19.C 29.B 39.A 49.A 59.C 69.D 79.A 89.B 99.B
10.D 20.A 30.A 40.A 50.B 60.A 70.C 80.D 90.C 100.C
OMAR 1-100
1.A 11.C 21.A 31.B 41.A 51.A 61.B 71.D 81.B 91.C
2.B 12.C 22.D 32.A 42.A 52.D 62.B 72.B 82.C 92.A
3.C 13.D 23.C 33.D 43.A 53.A 63.C 73.A 83.D 93.A
4.C 14.C 24.D 34.A 44.D 54.C 64.C 74.B 84.C 94.A
5.B 15.D 25.B 35.C 45.C 55.B 65.A 75.B 85.B 95.C
6.B 16.C 26.A 36.A 46.B 56.D 66.B 76.D 86.D 96.B
7.B 17.A 27.A 37.B 47.B 57.B 67.C 77.B 87.A 97.B
8.B 18.A 28.C 38.A 48.A 58.D 68.B 78.C 88.B 98.C
9.D 19.D 29.B 39.B 49.B 59.D 69.D 79.B 89.C 99.D
10.C 20.C 30.C 40.C 50.C 60.A 70.B 80.C 90.B 100.C
178
(ANSWERS)
EDSIR
1.C 11.C 21.C 31.A 41.D 51.C 61.B 71.D 81.D 91.C
2.A 12.D 22.B 32.B 42.B 52.A 62.C 72.C 82.D 92.C
3.C 13.C 23.A 33.D 43.B 53.A 63.B 73.A 83.B 93.B
4.D 14.A 24.A 34.D 44.A 54.B 64.D 74.C 84.B 94.A
5.B 15.C 25.B 35.A 45.A 55.C 65.C 75.A 85.B 95.D
6.A 16.B 26.D 36.D 46.C 56.A 66.A 76.B 86.D 96.D
7.B 17.B 27.B 37.C 47.A 57.D 67.B 77.A 87.A 97.A
8.B 18.B 28.D 38.A 48.B 58.C 68.C 78.B 88.D 98.D
9.A 19.B 29.D 39.A 49.D 59.D 69.A 79.A 89.A 99.C
10.A 20.A 30.B 40.A 50.D 60.A 70.B 80.B 90.C 100.C
ALTHANI
1.C 11.B 21.B 31.A 41.B 51.B 61.D 71.D 81.B 91.B
2.B 12.B 22.C 32.B 42.B 52.D 62.B 72.A 82.C 92.A
3.D 13.B 23.B 33.A 43.B 53.B 63.B 73.A 83.C 93.A
4.A 14.A 24.B 34.D 44.B 54.D 64.C 74.C 84.D 94.C
5.C 15.B 25.C 35.B 45.B 55.A 65.A 75.B 85.A 95.B
6.B 16.C 26.D 36.B 46.D 56.B 66.C 76.D 86.C 96.D
7.C 17.D 27.D 37.B 47.D 57.D 67.B 77.C 87.D 97.B
8.B 18.A 28.C 38.D 48.C 58.C 68.B 78.D 88.B 98.B
9.D 19.C 29.C 39.C 49.D 59.A 69.A 79.B 89.B 99.D
10.A 20.C 30.C 40.C 50.A 60.B 70.A 80.B 90.C 100.A
APS-APPAL
1.A 11.B 21.B 31.A 41.C 51.C 61.D 71.B 81.A 91.B
2.D 12.A 22.D 32.C 42.B 52.B 62.A 72.C 82.B 92.A
3.A 13.C 23.B 33.A 43.A 53.C 63.B 73.A 83.B 93.C
4.A 14.B 24.A 34.A 44.A 54.C 64.A 74.A 84.D 94.C
5.C 15.B 25.B 35.C 45.C 55.B 65.A 75.B 85.D 95.A
6.C 16.C 26.A 36.A 46.B 56.A 66.D 76.C 86.B 96.B
7.A 17.C 27.B 37.C 47.D 57.A 67.B 77.D 87.C 97.A
8.B 18.D 28.A 38.D 48.A 58.A 68.B 78.A 88.A 98.A
9.D 19.C 29.C 39.B 49.B 59.B 69.C 79.C 89.D 99.A
10.B 20.A 30.C 40.A 50.C 60.B 70.C 80.C 90.C 100.B
CHIN-CHIN
1.A 11.D 21.C 31.C 41.B 51.B 61.D 71.D 81.B 91.A
2.A 12.A 22.C 32.C 42.D 52.A 62.A 72.C 82.A 92.C
3.A 13.A 23.D 33.A 43.D 53.A 63.A 73.C 83.A 93.B
4.D 14.B 24.B 34.B 44.B 54.B 64.A 74.C 84.A 94.A
5.A 15.B 25.A 35.A 45.C 55.A 65.C 75.A 85.C 95.D
6.B 16.A 26.D 36.A 46.C 56.B 66.C 76.B 86.B 96.B
7.C 17.D 27.A 37.C 47.B 57.A 67.C 77.A 87.A 97.C
8.C 18.B 28.C 38.A 48.A 58.A 68.C 78.A 88.A 98.A
9.C 19.A 29.C 39.C 49.A 59.A 69.D 79.D 89.C 99.A
10.C 20.C 30.B 40.B 50.C 60.A 70.C 80.A 90.A 100.A
179
(ANSWERS)
ABDULLAH
1.C 11.A 21.C 31.B 41.C 51.D 61.B 71.B 81.B 91.D
2.C 12.C 22.C 32.C 42.A 52.B 62.C 72.C 82.C 92.C
3.D 13.C 23.C 33.D 43.D 53.B 63.A 73.A 83.A 93.B
4.B 14.C 24.C 34.A 44.C 54.B 64.D 74.A 84.B 94.A
5.A 15.D 25.A 35.A 45.A 55.B 65.D 75.A 85.B 95.B
6.C 16.B 26.B 36.C 46.A 56.A 66.D 76.B 86.C 96.B
7.C 17.A 27.D 37.B 47.B 57.A 67.C 77.A 87.C 97.A
8.A 18.A 28.B 38.B 48.D 58.D 68.C 78.C 88.B 98.A
9.C 19.C 29.B 39.A 49.C 59.A 69.A 79.C 89.B 99.A
10.B 20.C 30.D 40.A 50.A 60.C 70.B 80.B 90.C 100.D
ABDUL SATIL
1.B 11.A 21.A 31.D 41.B 51.B 61.B 71.C 81.C 91.B
2.B 12.B 22.B 32.B 42.A 52.D 62.C 72.D 82.B 92.D
3.D 13.D 23.D 33.A 43.C 53.C 63.C 73.B 83.D 93.A
4.B 14.A 24.B 34.A 44.C 54.C 64.C 74.C 84.D 94.B
5.B 15.D 25.A 35.B 45.C 55.B 65.A 75.C 85.A 95.B
6.B 16.A 26.C 36.C 46.B 56.D 66.B 76.D 86.A 96.B
7.D 17.D 27.C 37.A 47.B 57.D 67.B 77.C 87.A 97.B
8.A 18.B 28.C 38.A 48.B 58.C 68.D 78.C 88.B 98.D
9.B 19.C 29.D 39.D 49.B 59.D 69.D 79.C 89.C 99.A
10.B 20.D 30.B 40.C 50.D 60.B 70.B 80.B 90.B 100.D
CHIQUE
1.B 11.B 21.C 31.C 41.A 51.B 61.B 71.D 81.A 91.C
2.A 12.A 22.D 32.C 42.C 52.B 62.B 72.C 82.A 92.D
3.A 13.A 23.C 33.B 43.B 53.D 63.B 73.C 83.C 93.C
4.C 14.D 24.D 34.D 44.A 54.D 64.B 74.B 84.C 94.A
5.C 15.B 25.B 35.D 45.B 55.D 65.C 75.D 85.B 95.B
6.C 16.C 26.B 36.B 46.B 56.A 66.A 76.A 86.A 96.B
7.C 17.C 27.B 37.A 47.A 57.A 67.D 77.B 87.A 97.A
8.D 18.B 28.C 38.A 48.A 58.C 68.C 78.D 88.B 98.C
9.C 19.A 29.A 39.C 49.C 59.D 69.C 79.D 89.C 99.B
10.A 20.B 30.C 40.B 50.C 60.A 70.C 80.B 90.D 100.A
MATE
1.C 11.D 21.A 31.B 41.A 51.A 61.D 71.A 81.B 91.B
2.D 12.A 22.A 32.B 42.A 52.A 62.B 72.C 82.B 92.B
3.C 13.C 23.D 33.A 43.A 53.A 63.C 73.A 83.A 93.D
4.B 14.A 24.C 34.A 44.A 54.A 64.D 74.A 84.B 94.A
5.A 15.B 25.B 35.A 45.A 55.A 65.B 75.C 85.A 95.B
6.B 16.C 26.D 36.A 46.C 56.B 66.A 76.A 86.A 96.A
7.A 17.D 27.A 37.A 47.A 57.A 67.A 77.A 87.B 97.B
8.B 18.D 28.A 38.A 48.D 58.D 68.A 78.B 88.A 98.B
9.A 19.B 29.A 39.B 49.B 59.B 69.A 79.B 89.C 99.D
10.C 20.C 30.C 40.D 50.A 60.B 70.C 80.A 90.A 100.A
180
REFERENCES:
* Philippine Agricultural Engineering Standards, 2nd ed.
*Biogas Plant Design by Arthur It. Tambong, 1992
* Renewable Energy Journal, various issues & authors
*Fundamentals of Environmental Science by G. C. Catchillar, 2008
* Handouts and fact sheets from various sources
*Mindanao State University – General Santos City College of Agriculture
*Agricultural Engineering Licensure Examination Review Class
*Philippine Society Of Agricultural Engineers Region IVAe Board Review
*Agricultural Processing, Structures, Electrification, And Allied Subjects By Alexis T. BeloniO
*PSAE Region IV Agricultural Engineering Board Review Materials
*Soil and water conservation engineering, and allied subjects By Guiller B. Damian
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Soil Water Resources Development and Conservation Irrigation Drainage

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Soil Water Resources Development and Conservation Irrigation Drainage

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SOIL & WATER RESOURCES

DEVELOPMENT AND CONSERVATION,

BOARD EXAM COMPILATION AND REVIEW MATERIALS

Prepared by: ESTEH FRANK DFE

3. A television network is planning to air four 30-minute sitcoms namely:

a. 1 b.2 c.6 d.24

4. An artesian well has a diameter of 10 cm. Under steady state condition,

5. For rolling areas and non-uniform distribution of gages, distance factor

a. Inverse Distance Ratio Method

a. 0.083 mm/yr c.0.83 mm/yr

9. An irrigation engineer, in his study, was able to establish that the

10. Total water yield from a storm for a given watershed

a. 10days b.11days c.12days d.13days

12-13. An irrigation engineer is to irrigate a crop planted in furrows of

12. The total time to irrigating the whole field.

a. 2.78 hrs c. 555.55 hrs

13. The time of irrigating each furrow.

a. 2.78 hrs c. 555.55 hrs

15. It is the soil moisture allowable depletion of most crops.

Given the following data:

a. 78 mm/day c. 15.6 mm/day

19. The process of moisture lost of plants through the leaves:

22. The velocity of water in the canal in Problem 21 is

25. The percentage of moisture by weight in Problem 24 if the weight of the

a.12.5% b.10.5% c.9.5% d.11.5%

26. The amount of water in the soil layer of thickness 10 cm in Problem 24 is

a.1.5 cm b.1.8 cm c.2.2 cm d.0.6 cm

a. Diversion Water Requirement (DWR)

28. The common name for Capra hircus:

a. sheep b. pig c. mule d. goat

a.9.6 lph b.10.8 lph c.10.6 lph d.9.8 lph

31. The common name for Anser domesticus:

32. Includes evaporation and transpiration, lumped together as

a. Irrigation water requirement (IWR)

a.14.3 lps b. 13.8 lps

39. The hydraulic radius of a pipe with a diameter of 12 mm.

a. Random ditch system

41-44 A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 122m x

a.12.86 b. 6.43 c. 0.54 d. 4.5

42. What is the irrigation interval in days?

a.9 b. 12.86 c. 4.5 d. 6.43

43. What is the sprinkler discharge in lps?

a.398.77 b. 39.88 c. 3.99x104 d. 0.4

44. What is the system capacity in lps?

a.39.87 b. 27.91 c. 0.0279 d. 0.03987

45. Water is supplied to level plots surrounded by dikes or levees. This

46. The most efficient trapezoidal cross section.

a. width of the bottom= twice the depth

a. Leaching Requirement (LR)

49. Water horsepower divided by pump efficiency, in decimal.

a. 2.52 m b. 50.20 m c. 5.02 m d. 502 m

51. A discharge of 20 lps is equivalent to:

a. Inverse Distance Ratio Method

53. Given an irrigation depth of 30 cm and 10 hrs of irrigation time.

a.100 m3/hr b. 10 m3/hr c.300 m3/hr d. 50 m3/hr

55. Determine the bulk density in g/cc.

a.42 b.1.42 c.1.76 d.17.6

56. Determine the apparent specific gravity.

a.1.42 b.1.42 c.1.76 d.17.7

57. Determine the field capacity (dry basis).

a.19.32% b. 1.93% c. 23.94% d. 2.39%

a.1.2% b. 12% c. 10.77% d. 1.08%

59. Combination of sheet and splash erosion

a. 3.6 m b.0.036 m c.36 mm d. 36 cm