BUILDING TECHNOLOGY LECTURE  A.K.

A “Zigzag Rule”
NOTES  Sturdier thus is more accurate in measuring
 Mostly used for measuring boards, pipes, wires,
etc.
BASIC/COMMON TOOLS &
EQUIPMENTS 10. SURVEYOR’S WHEEL / MEASURING
WHEEL
HAND TOOLS  Measuring wheel with a handle/stick
 Measures distance by number of rotations
1. NYLON STRING – “Tansi/Pisi”
 Layout / alignment guide 11. CALIPER
 “Nasa Batak/Tansi” – horizontally aligned  For measuring small lengths and thicknesses, as
well as interior and exterior diameters
2. CHALK LINE – “Pitik”  Although you can measure thicknesses using
 Tool to make a snapline metro (folding or steel tape), caliper measures
 Snapline – Marking from the snapline thicknesses more accurately

3. PLUMB BOB – “Hulog” 12. OCULAR

 For Vertical Alignment
 “Nasa hulog” – vertically aligned
 Triangular shape/pointed – to transfer point
vertically, point reference
4. LEVEL HOSE
 For levelling / transfer elevation
 Contains water
 Hose usually has 1/4 diameter, 5meters in length
 Differential Leveling – w/ offset ; has the same
level pero mas malalim iyong measurement noong
isa.
 Salida – indicating the marking
SALIDA
 A.K.A. “Precision micrometers” with the most
accurate measurements used for mechanical
13. CARPENTER’S SQUARE / FRAMING
SQUARE – “Skwala”
 To check if to joints or adjacent surfaces are
squared (90-degrees in angle)
14. MITER BOX – “Iskinihan”
 Guide a hand saw for making precise cuts in 45
degree mitre cuts
 Miter joint – kanto mesa
15. CLAW HAMMER – “Martilyo”
 Usual hammer used by carpenters to drive or
remove nails.

5. LEVEL BAR / SPIRIT LEVEL BAR 16. BALL-PEEN/BALL PEIN HAMMER/

 Cartridge has alcohol & bubble MACHINIST’S HAMMER –
 When the bubble is in the center, it indicates that  Commonly used to drive cold chisels, set rivets,
the surface is levelled or aligned and bend and shape metal

6. STEEL TAPE MEASURE – “Metro” 17. RUBBER MALLET – “Malyete”

 Easily bends/flops  For setting tiles, laminates, veneers, etc.
 Varying length, commonly: 3m, 5m, 8m
18. SLEDGE HAMMER – “Maso”
7. LONG TAPE MEASURE  For demolition.
 A.K.A “Surveyor’s Tape”  In buying, it varies in the weight of its head.
 For long-range, usually cloth like material
19. HANDSAW – “Lagari”
8. LASER (Light Amplifying By Stimulated  For woodworks.
Emission of Radation) Meter/ Digital Meter  Usually linear in sawing.
 Advanced technology used to measure
walls/spaces
 Ideal for indoor

9. FOLDING RULE – “Pulgadera”

20. HACKSAW – “Lagaring Bakal”
 Sandvik – most recommended brand
 Mostly used to saw rebars
 Can also be used for wood
21. COPING SAW
 Used for intricate external / interior cuts, can cut
curvilinear
 Narrow blade make it able to turn while cutting
22. RIPSAW
 Chisel-like teeth designed for ripping or cutting
with the grain of wood
23. CROSSCUT SAW
 Used to cut across the grain of wood
24. CROW BAR/PRY BAR – “Bareta de Kabra” in
short “Kabra”
 For prying/disassembling formworks
25. HAND PLANER – “Katam”
 For leveling the surface of the wood
26. CARPENTER’S FILE – “Kikil”
 For sharpening blades of saw
 Like planer for steel materials
 When should carpenter sharpen their saw blades?
Anytime as long as not the hours of work.
27. WOOD CHISEL – “Paet”
 Carving or trimming wood
28. COLD CHISEL – “Sinsil”
 For chipping concrete
29. NAIL SETTER – “Pang punsol”
 To drive and hide the head of the nail
30. STEEL TROWEL – “Rodelang Bakal”
 Smoothing/topping of plaster
 Usually used by carpenters for smoothing plaster
with purong semento
31. (WOOD) FLOAT – “Rodelang Kahoy”
 For leveling/ rough finishing of wet concrete.
32. DARBY
 Slimmer and longer than a wood float.
 Ideal for smoothing plastering or screed
33. NOTCHED TROWEL – “Rodelang de
Ngipin”
 Used to spread tile adhesive
 Sizes of notches: 6x6, 12x12
34. POINTED TROWEL/BRICK TROWEL –
“Kutsara”
 Partnered with wood float to do “palitada”
 For filling masonry
 More commonly seen used for scooping and
spreading plaster
35. BLIND RIVETER– “Pang-Rimatse”
 Partnered with Rivets (or “Rimatse”) to
punch/fasten through metal sheets/objects
 Mostly seen to be used for connecting metal
furring, channels and angle bars
36. TIN SNIP– “Gunting Yero”
 For cutting metal sheets
 Mostly seen to be used for connecting metal
furring, channels and angle bars
37. AVIATION SNIP
 Type of Tin Snip
 Preferred to be used than the tin snip due to its
handy-ness.
38. GLASS DIAMOND CUTTER (PENCIL
TYPE)
 Blade is made of synthetic diamond
 Not to be used for tempered glass
39. T-TYPE GLASS CUTT
 Type of glass cutter that is quicker and more
accurate when it comes to linear cutting of glass.
40. MANUAL REBAR CUTTER (BAR
CUTTER)
 With diamond blade
 Rebar cutters, designed to cut reinforcing steel bars
 Has to be partnered with a straight edge in order to
make clean straight cut
41. SPRAY GUN
 For spraying paint or varnish using air pressure to
spread/apply on a surface
42. PULLEY – “Kalo”
 Used to lift heavy objects/loads
43. PULLEY BLOCK – “Piko”
 System of two or more pulleys
44. SCORING KNIFE
 For cutting a groove in a material.
45. LINEAR TILE CUTTER
 Linear/straight line cutting of tile

46. TILE NIPPER Continuous

 For cutting straight lines or small precision cuts in drilling
class mosaic tiles

47. PUTTY KNIFE – “Paleta”

 Used to spread, apply and smooth the putty or
other filler materials 5. ELECTRIC DRILL – “Barena”
 Loaded with Drill Bits
48. SPATULA / SCRAPER –  For drilling holes in wood, metal or concrete
 Flat metal tool for application of putty or surface  3/8” dia for Wood; Up to 1/2” dia for Concrete
scraping
49. STRAIGHT EDGE – “Bara” 6. ROTARY DRILL
 For achieving straight lines  Has air pressure that is doing the hammer
 Can also be used for checking alignment by means mechanism.
of pushing to the surface  Drill holes in concrete
 Most workers use an aluminum square tubular  Has more impact energy
 Can have settings
50. PICK MATTOCK – “Piko”
 For digging, unearthing boulders or dirt and rocks. 7. HAMMER DRILL
 One side is flat  A.K.A percussion/impact drill
 Provides rapid succession of short hammer thrusts
51. PICKAXE – “Piketa”
 For breaking up hard surfaces; pry apart broken 8. POWER PLANER
rocks  Electric type of wood/hand planer; faster
 Both sides pointed smoothing and tapering of wood.

9. CIRCULAR SAW
POWER TOOLS / SMALL MACHINES  Limitation: Linear cutting
 Used to make a make-shift table saw
 Blades: 3mm thickness, 10” diameter
POWER CUTTING/GRINDING – aggressive
cutting or polishing 10. SAW DUST – “Kusot”

1. ANGLE GRINDER/DISC GRINDER – 11. JIGSAW/ SABRE SAW

 4” Grinding/Cutting disc  Used for cutting shapes and curves in wood.
 Turbo rim/ diamond cutting disc – for masonry
 Can be loaded w/ different types of disc depending 12. ROUTER SAW
on use  Make even and level cuts
 Tiles, rebars, hardiflex, etc.  Can cut grooves, recess hinges, grommet, profile
 RPM of blade shall be matched with the RPM of edges, etc.
the grinder
13. POWER MITRE SAW
2. POWER SANDER (BELT TYPE)  A circular saw mounted over a small table used to
 For faster sanding cut various angles in wood
 Loads the sanding paper 14. HOLE SAW
 Attached to the barena to make holes
3. ORBIT SANDER  Ideal for drilling/sawing hole for door knobs / lock
set
4. ELECTRIC DRILL – “Barena”
 Loaded with Drill Bits 15. CUT-OFF SAW / CHOP SAW / SPEED
 For drilling holes in wood, metal or concrete CUTTER / PRESS CUTTER
 3/8” dia for Wood; Up to 1/2” dia for Concrete  Used widely in metal cutting
16. PNEUMATIC HAMMER / JACKHAMMER
 Used to break up concrete or asphalt paving.
 For demolition
 With more impact energy than demolition hammer
 With compressor
 If vertical buhos , the vibrator should be in verictal
positionl; if horizontal, the vibrator should be
angled
 If immersed excessively, it will disintegrate the
concrete mix. It will be too runny.

17. DEMOLITION HAMMER 28. SURFACE VIBRATOR / FORM VIBRATOR

 Used to break up concrete or asphalt paving.  Vibrating the formworks when needle vibrator
 For demolition cannot be inserted due to crowded rebars

18. CHIPPING HAMMER / CHIPPING GUN 29. CONSOLIDATION COMPACTION

 Head is a chisel  Another term for concrete compaction
 For light demolition
30. MECHANICAL REBAR BENDER
19. BENCH PRESS DRILL  Mechanical equipment for bending rebars
 For precise drilling of holes; for enlarging holes.
31. CONCRETE MIXER
 Heavy duty barena
 1 bagger
20. TABLE SAW  Rotating drum to mix the raw materials
 For accurate and precise cut on woods  6-7 cubic feet capacity
 Usually linear
32. BENCH VISE – “Gato”
21. RADIAL ARM SAW  Mechanical apparatus used to secure an object that
is to be worked on.
 Used for cutting crosscutting wood and consists of
motor-driven saw blade that ishung on an arm over
a table 33. DIAMOND CORE –
 For light demolition  For boring on tiles, granites, etc.
 Has same uses as mitre saw
34. BENCH VISE – “Gato”
22. POWER TROWEL / FLOAT  Mechanical apparatus used to secure an object that
is to be worked on.
 Usually used for buhos / slabs
 Used to create a polished, level finish on a variety
of concrete surfaces
 Enclosed in a safety cage; consists of one or more
multiple rotating blades

23. VIBRATORY SAND SCREEN

 “Pang bistay” / “bistayan”
 For sand sieving
 To separate fine grain sand easily

24. VIBRATORY TAMPING RAMMER

 For compaction
 De gasolina; has jumping operation

25. PLATE COMPACTOR

 For thin compaction
 Needs to pass more than 1 time

26. TANDEM ROLLER COMPACTOR

 Finer compaction

27. IMMERSION VIBRATOR / NEEDLE

VIBRATOR
 For compaction of concrete
 3-5 seconds upon point of immersion
  Has metal crawlers
HEAVY EQUIPMENTS
9. TOWER CRANE
 Hammerhead tower crane – has longer; not
1. DELIVERY/ ELF TRUCK feasible if there are a lot of neighboring buildings
 2-3 cubic meter capacity  Laughing tower crane – can be gradually adjusted

2. TIPPER TRUCK
 4-6 cubic meter capacity
 Smaller than dump truck but bigger than elf truck
 Has a dumping body
d. , e.
3. DUMP TRUCK
 20 cubic meter capacity
 10-wheeler for 20 cubic meter capacity
 12-14-wheeler: 28-30 cubic meter capacity a. b. ; c.
 For security measures, someone would stick the f.
load to ensure that it has been occupied to its
maximum capacity
 “truck load” – dump truck

4. AGITATOR TRUCK / TRANSIT MIXER /

READY MIX TRUCK a.) Lifting jib
 Smallest capacity – 2 cubic meter b.) Counter weight
 Usual capacity to order is 5 cubic meters c.) Counter weight jib
 9-12 cubic meter capacity for roads d.) Jib mother mast
 They’ll come from the batching plant e.) Cabin
f.) Mast
5. PUMPCRETE – BOOM TYPE /
10. BULLDOZER
BOOMCRETE / MOBILE PUMPCRETE
 motorized machine for moving/pushing materials:
 Type of concrete pump
soil, sand, trees, etc.
 Has vertical height limitations
 Very slow due to its metal tracks
 Faster to use in terms of mobilizing its use from
 Ripper – para madali ikalat /ikayod
one point to another
 Outrigger – to stabilize the equipment
11. PAYLOADER / WHEELED LOADER /
6. STATIONARY PUMPCRETE FRONT LOADER
 To connect pump line  For loading materials such as soil, rock, demolition
debris, etc.
 Pumpline – 3m (l) x 6” dia.
 Shallow loader
 Suction ball – panghigop ng concrete, babalik sa
pumpcrete
12. MOBILE SCRAPER
 Disadvantage: takes time to disassemble and
assemble especially if there are multiple pouring  For loading and hauling soils over medium to long
points distances
 Must be braced due to its vibration impact
13. MOTOR GRADER
7. CRANE / TRUCK CRANE / MOBILE  For grading / leveling
CRANE / BOOM CRANE
14. ASPHALT PROFILER
 Telescopic boom
 For leveling and smoothing asphalt
 Metric ton capacity
 Rigger – taga senyas
 Needs permit if Triple A company
15. EXCAVATOR
 Can do 360 degrees turn
8. CRAWLER CRANE
 Has bigger bucket capacity and longer booms
 Either with telescopic boom or lattice boom
16. BACKHOE
 With rubber wheels
 With grader
 Can disassemble its bucket to attach different
equipment

17. COMBINATION BACKHOE-LOADER

18. SMOOTH STEEL WHEELED ROLLER

COMPACTOR –
 For compaction ; to prepare road for paving

19. PILE HAMMER / DRIVER

 For driving load-bearning piles
 Assisting in sheet pile driving even in the most
difficult soil conditions

20. PILE DRILLING RIG

 For drilling holes and take samples of mineral
deposits
 For testing physical properties of rocks, soil and
groundwater

21. CONSTRUCTION FREIGHT ELEVATOR

 “ALIMAK” – commonly known brand/company
for freight elevator
 Transporting men and materials vertically in a safe
and speedy manner

22. INVERTED UMBRELLA SAFETY

CATCHER
 Overhead safety

23. PERIMETER SAFETY NET

 “ALIMAK” – commonly known brand/company
for freight elevator
 Transporting men and materials vertically in a safe
and speedy manner

24. TOWER CRANE LIFTING PLATFORM

 For tower crane’s up and down mobility