CARPENTRY

CARPENTRY
The art and trade of cutting, working, and
joining timber. The term includes both
structural timberwork in framing and items
such as doors, windows, and staircases.

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Types and Uses of Construction Materials
and Tools

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 Materials Uses
Lumber Construction/Carpentry
Nails Construction/Carpentry
Screw Construction/Carpentry
G.I. wire Construction/Carpentry
Cement Construction/Carpentry
Sand Construction/Carpentry
Gravel Construction/Carpentry
Water Construction/Carpentry
Steel Reinforcement Construction/Carpentry
G.I Sheet Construction/Carpentry 4
 Tools Uses
Saw Cutting lumber or board
Tri Square Testing squareness

Level Hose Testing level

Level Bar Testing Level

Claw Hammer Driving nails

Chisel Cutting
Plane Smoothing
Drill Bit Drilling/Boring holes 5
Description of Materials and
Tools

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LUMBER
sawn Timber
a milled or
processed piece of
wood ready for use.

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NAILS
made of metal used for
fastening woods.
refers to the different sizes
of nails ranging from 1”-4”
(25mm.-100mm.) in length.
CWN are the most
commonly used.

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CEMENT
a powdered substance
which when mixed
with water acts binder
of aggregate.

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SAND
a granular material
composed of finely
divided mineral
particles.

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PLYWOOD
 thin cross laminated sheet of
wood.
 refers to the board commonly
used as covering in
constructing of forms.

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GRAVEL
coarse aggregate

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PULL-PUSH RULE
used for measuring long distance.

This is a flexible strip of metal

provided with the scale of the
English and Metric Systems of
measurements. It is rolled in a
case.
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CLAW HAMMER
used for driving and pulling
out nails. It is usually made of
steel and has been tempered
to withstand very strong
impact and stress.
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CROSS CUT SAW

used for cutting across

the grain of wood.

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RIP SAW

hand saw used to cut the

wood along the grain.

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PLUMB BOB
a cone shaped metal
suspended on a string and is
used to check the verticalness
of post or column and other.

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TRY SQUARE
It looks like the steel square
and is used to check the
flatness and squareness of a
small piece of stock or lumber.

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HACK SAW
fine toothed saw used to cut
metals and pipes

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BAR LEVEL SPIRIT LEVEL

a tool used to test the

horizontal levelness of the
surfaces of material. It is
framed in aluminum or
wood.
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REQUEST APPROPRIATE
MATERIALS AND TOOLS

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PROCEDURE
1. State the name of the project and date when you requested for
materials.
2. Fill the classification of the project and its purpose.
3. Write the number of required materials.
4. List the unit of materials to be requisitioned.
5. Enumerate the materials with their description.
6. List the cost per unit and the total cost.
7. Write your name as requisition er.
8. Secure the approval of authorities concerned.
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CARPENTRY

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SELECT MEASURING
INSTRUMENT

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PULL-PUSH RULE
used for measuring long distance.

This is a flexible strip of metal

provided with the scale of the
English and Metric Systems of
measurements. It is rolled in a
case.
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ZIGZAG RULE

a rule composed of light

strips of wood joined by
rivets so as to be foldable, all
the opening and closing parts https://www.dreamstime.com/illustration/
zigzag-rule.html

being in parallel planes.

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ZIGZAG RULE

a rule composed of light

strips of wood joined by
rivets so as to be foldable, all
the opening and closing parts https://www.dreamstime.com/illustration/
zigzag-rule.html

being in parallel planes.

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RULER
A ruler can be defined as a tool or device used to
measure length and draw straight lines. A ruler
is used to measure the length in both metric and
customary units

https://www.fruugo.ph/10-pack-12-inches-clear-plastic-ruler-straight-ruler-plastic-measuring/p-76760323-155026049 28
CALIPER
Any of various measuring
instruments having two usually
adjustable arms, legs, or jaws
used to measure thickness,
diameter, and distance between https://ph.rs-online.com/web/p/calipers/8412530

surfaces 29
CALIPER
Any of various measuring
instruments having two usually
adjustable arms, legs, or jaws
used to measure thickness,
diameter, and distance between https://ph.rs-online.com/web/p/calipers/8412530

surfaces 30
DIVIDER

used for measurement in

geometry. Dividers are used
for scribing circles and also
for taking off and
https://www.faithfulltools.com/p/FAIDIV3/Spring-
Dividers

transferring dimensions. 31
DIVIDER

used for measurement in

geometry. Dividers are used
for scribing circles and also
for taking off and
https://www.faithfulltools.com/p/FAIDIV3/Spring-
Dividers

transferring dimensions. 32
TRY SQUARE
It looks like the steel square
and is used to check the
flatness and squareness of a
small piece of stock or lumber.
https://www.johnsonlevel.com/P/
1648/200mmMetricProfessionalAluminumTrySquare

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METER STICK

a measuring device which is (1) one meter in

length.

https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1865883/davao/local-news/cops-carry-1-meter-stick-for-physical-distancing

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COMPASS

used for scribing arcs and

circles.

https://www.freepik.com/free-photos-vectors/compass-drawing-tool
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COMPASS

used for scribing arcs and

circles.

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PROTRACTOR
It is used for laying out
angles.

https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/protractor-using.html

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DO’S
1. Wipe measuring tools/instruments before
returning them to the storage room.
2. Oil the movable parts of the measuring
tools such as zigzag rules, calipers, dividers
and compasses to avoid stock-up.
DO’S
3. Make sure that grits like sand do not
get inside the housing or case of a pull-
push rule to avoid wearing off of the
graduations.
4. Check the lock of a pull-push rule if it
is working.
DON’T’S
1. Do not wipe off edges of the steel tape of
pull-push rule with bare hands to avoid
injury.
2. Do not pull the steel tape of pull-push
rule too much to avoid the coil spring from
damage.
3. Do not use the caliper as tongs.
SYSTEMS OF MEASUREMENT

https://nerdherdcorner.com/2019/03/20/the-metric-system/
ENGLISH SYSTEM
INCH
The English system of FOOT
measurement consists of POUND
standardized weights and OUNCE
measurements developed out of
archaic approximations, such as GALLON
a human foot equating to a MILE
standardized ''foot.'' YARDS
METRIC SYSTEM
International decimal  Meter
system of weights and measures, Kilometer
based on the meter for length Gram
and the kilogram for mass, that Kilogram
was adopted in France in 1795 Liter
and is now used officially in kiloliter
almost all countries.
READING THE INCH
The inch is divided into segments called graduations.
Each graduation represents a measurement in form
of a proper fraction. The inch can be divided into 16,
8, 4 and 2, equal parts.

https://www.shutterstock.com/search/ruler
READING THE CENTIMETER AND
MILIMETER

https://www.shutterstock.com/search/ruler
CONVERTING FRACTION TO DECIMAL

In converting fractions to
decimals, divide the
numerator by its
denominator whether it is
proper, improper or mixed
proper fraction.
CONVERTING FRACTION TO DECIMAL
GUIDE TABLE IN UNIT CONVERSION
 TAKING DIMENSIONS
Ways of taking dimension

1. Measure end to end of stock with a tool.

 TAKING DIMENSIONS
Ways of taking dimension

2. Measure edge to edge with a tool

 TAKING DIMENSIONS
Ways of taking dimension

3. Measure outside diameter of a cylindrical object

using a caliper.
 TAKING DIMENSIONS
Ways of taking dimension

4. Measure inside diameter with a caliper.

 TAKING DIMENSIONS
Ways of taking dimension

5. Lay-out width.
ALPHABET OF LINES
Refers to the different styles of lines used in
drafting to show different features about an
object that is drawn.

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