JERRY A.

GERONA, RME, ECT

CARPENTRY NCII TRAINER
0975-815-4681 TM
 3 KINDS OF
COMPETENCY
OF
CARPENTRY NCII
 BASIC COMPETENCIES
• PARTICIPATE IN WORKPLACE
COMMUNICATION
• WORK IN TEAM ENVIROMENT
• SOLVE GENERAL WORKPLACE
PROBLEM
• DEVELOP CAREER AND LIFE DECISION
• CONTRIBUTE TO WORKPLACE
INNOVATION
• PRESENT RELEVANT INFORMATION
• PRACTICE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
AND HEALTH POLICIES AND
PROCEDURES
• EXERCISE EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE
SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES IN THE
WORKPLACE
• PRACTICE ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS
IN THE WORKPLACE
PARTICIPATE IN WORKPLACE
COMMUNICATION
WORK IN A TEAM ENVIRONMENT
SOLVE GENERAL WORKPLACE
PROBLEM
PRACTICE CAREER PROFESSIONALISM
PRACTICE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
AND SAFETY PROCEDURES
CONTRIBUTE TO WORKPLACE
INNOVATION
PRESENT RELEVANT INFORMATION
 EXERCISE EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE
SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES IN THE WORKPLACE
PRACTICE ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS
IN THE WORKPLACE
 COMMON COMPETENCY
• PREPARE CONSTRUCTION • MAINTAIN TOOLS AND
MATERIALS AND TOOLS EQUIPMENT
• OBSERVE PROCEDURES,
SPECIFICATIONS AND
MANUALS OF INSTRUCTION
• PERFORM MENSURATION
AND CALCULATIONS
PREPARE CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
AND TOOLS
OBSERVE PROCEDURES, SPECIFICATIONS
AND MANUALS OF INSTRUCTION
PERFORM MENSURATIONS AND
CALCULATIONS
MAINTAIN TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
 CORE COMPETENCY
• LAYOUT REFERENCE LINES • INSTALL WOODEN FLOOR SUPPORTS
AND PANELS
• FABRICATE, INSTALL AND REMOVE
WOODEN FORMWORKS • FABRICATE AND INSTALL ROOFING
SYSTEM
• INSTALL WOODEN DOOR JAMB,
WINDOWS FRAME AND PANELS • FABRICATE AND INSTALL WOODEN
CABINET
• INSTALL CEILING AND WALL FRAMES
AND PANELS
• FABRICATE AND INSTALL WOODEN
STAIRS
LAYOUT REFERENCE LINES
FABRICATE, INSTALL AND REMOVE
WOODEN FORMWORKS
INSTALL WOODEN DOOR JAMB,
WINDOWS FRAME AND PANELS
INSTALL CEILING AND WALL FRAMES
AND PANELS
FABRICATE AND INSTALL WOODEN
STAIRS
INSTALL WOODEN FLOOR SUPPORTS
AND PANELS
FABRICATE AND INSTALL ROOFING
SYSTEM
FABRICATE AND INSTALL WOODEN
CABINET
 CARPENTRY NCII
CERTIFICATE

THIS IS AN EXAMPLE NATIONAL

CERTIFICATE II (NCII)
 WHAT IS
CARPENTRY
The Definition of Carpentry
 CARPENTRY
• Carpentry is a skilled trade and a craft in which the
primary work performed is the cutting, shaping and
installation of building materials during the construction of
buildings, ships, timber bridges and concrete formwork.
CARPENTRY TOOLS
The tools used when doing carpentry work
 CROW BAR

Crowbars are commonly used to open nailed wooden crates.

Common uses for larger crowbars are: removing nails, prying
apart boards, and generally breaking things.
 CLAW HAMMER
The main use of a claw hammer is to pound in and remove
nails. However, you can also use this versatile tool for other
purposes, such as minor demo, digging holes, or straightening
out thin metal.
 SLEDGE HAMMER
The sledge hammer is a heavy-duty hammer used for
demolition jobs where high force is required.
 PLUMB BOB
A plumb bob is a weight with a pointed tip on the bottom
that's hung from a string, and it's used to establish a vertical
reference (called a plumb line). It can be used to make sure
that constructions are plumb, but it can also be used in
surveying to establish the nadir with respect to gravity at a
specific point.
 PULL PUSH RULE
A pull push rule is something that is stretched to measure
long stocks and can retract by itself to a coil in a compact
case. It can be used to measure long, short, and straight
lengths. This tool is also useful for woodworking and
metalworking to mark out the lines for cutting or other
operations.
 L -SQUARE
An L-shaped square used in woodworking for checking an
inside or outside angle when assembling workpieces, such as
boxes. They are designed to be rigid enough to be clamped in
place.
 SPIRIT LEVEL BAR
A Spirit Level Bar is a tool used to indicate how parallel
(level) or perpendicular (plumb) a surface is relative to the
earth. A spirit level gets its name from the mineral spirit
solution inside the levels.
 HACK SAW
A hacksaw is mainly used for cutting thin metal such as
aluminum, brass, steel, or copper. Hacksaws are also used for
cutting plastics such as PVC, PEX, or ABS on pipes or on
sheet goods made of PVC, polystyrene, and more.
 CROSS CUT SAW
A crosscut saw (thwart saw) is any saw designed for cutting
wood perpendicular to (across) the wood grain. Crosscut saws
may be small or large, with small teeth close together for fine
work like woodworking or large for coarse work like log
bucking, and can be a hand tool or power tool.
 C CLAMP
A C-clamp or G-clamp or G-cramp is a type of clamp device
typically used to hold a wood or metal workpiece, and often
used in, but are not limited to, carpentry and welding.
 CEMENT
Cement is mainly used as a binder in concrete, which is a
basic material for all types of construction, including housing,
roads, schools, hospitals, dams and ports, as well as for
decorative applications (for patios, floors, staircases,
driveways, pool decks) and items like tables, sculptures or
bookcases.
 ELECTRIC HAND DRILL
Drills are primarily used for drilling circular holes in
material, or for inserting screws and other threaded fasteners
into material. Drills are also available in the impact driver
configuration, high-torque tools primarily used for driving
screws and tightening nuts.
 AUGER DRILL BIT
Auger drill bits are bits used to drill holes into wood. They are
commonly used for boring holes into bulkheads and general
timber applications. These drill bits come with a spiral drill
bit head which, when drilling, is designed to pull the bit into
the wood
 BENCH VISE
It is used to hold a specific thing to perform different tasks,
such as gluing, filing, sawing, or pounding. Sawing is
performed in carpentry. A bench vice is used when you use a
saw to cut metal or wood. A heavy duty bench vice is used to
grip the material effectively when you cut the object.
 SCREWDRIVER
A screwdriver is a tool that is used for turning screws. It
consists of a metal rod with a flat or cross-shaped end that fits
into the top of the screw.
 CHISEL
a hand tool used for carving, cutting, shaping hard materials
such as wood, stone, metal. It is one of the most common tools
used to shape wood, mostly in carpentry work.
 CABINET SCRAPER
Cabinet scrapers are used manually to scrape small amounts
of material from the surface of wood – to smooth it, shape it,
or remove an old finish from its surface
 NAIL
a slender metal shaft that is pointed at one end and flattened
at the other end and is used for fastening one or more objects
to each other.
 STRING LINE LEVEL
Line levels (or "string" levels) are a special brand of spirit
level used for leveling across longer distances.
 CHALK LINE MARKER
A chalk line or chalk box is a tool for marking long, straight
lines on relatively flat surfaces, much farther than is practical
by hand or with a straightedge. They may be used to lay out
straight lines between two points, or vertical lines by using the
weight of the line reel as a plumb line.
CARPENTRY TERMS
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
• Bill – a statement of payment due to goods and services

• Damage – a destruction, injury, or harm to a person or thing

• Job – a piece of work of a definite extent or character for a set of fee

• Material – a stuff upon which a thing is made

• Quantity – a number, amount in size

• Requisition – act of requiring something to be furnished; a written request for

something authorized but not made available automatically

• Tool – a simple implement, as a hammer, saw, and spade chisel etc. used in work

• Work – something made or accomplished

KINDS OF CHISEL
The kinds and uses and meanings
PARTS OF CHISEL
 HOT CHISEL
Hot chisel is used for cutting hot metals in blacksmith’s
workshop. There is a hole in a chisel in which a wooden
handle is fixed. Their cutting edge is made at an angle of 30°.
While using this part, it is frequently dipped into water for
making it cold so that its edges remain intact.
 COLD CHISEL
Cold chisels are generally used in sheet metal and fitter trade
workshops. With cold chisel cutting or chipping of metal can
be done when these metals are in cold condition.
 FLAT CHISEL
In these types of chisel, It is an all-metal chisel used for
obtaining a flat surface on metal by chipping. This chisel is
used to cut wires, thin sheets and round rods etc. The edge of
this chisel is in “V” shape and is flat, which is raised from the
centre. Because of this projected parts, it does not get stuck
into the cut surface, while chipping.
 COW MOUTH CHISEL
In these types of chisel, Its shape is like that of the broad
mouth of a cow. That is why it is known as cow mouth chisel.
Edges of the protruding parts of plain metal and rivet heads
and big round holes are made with it. Its forging angle is at an
angle.
 CROSS CUT CHISEL
It is mainly used to cut square slots and channels. Keyway on a
shaft is made with this chisel. Its cutting edge is from 3 mm to
12 mm in width.
In order to ensure that this chisel does not get stuck into the
grooves and slits while using it in the grooves and slits, the part
behind its edge is made comparatively thin.
 DIAMOND POINT CHISEL
This is made of good quality steel. Its shape is square and it is
tapered. Its edge is pointed and of the shape of a diamond. On
the basis of its square ends, its measurement is determined.
Square corners and triangle corners are cleaned with it. We
can make a groove in plain surface with this chisel.
 ROUND NOSE CHISEL
Its edge is round. It is used for making an oil groove in a
bearing and for cutting slits at corners. Its forging angle is at
and cutting angle is of 35 ° to 40 °. In such jobs where the drill
is dislocated at the time of drilling and some substance is left,
the leftover metal is set right with this chisel.
 SIDE CUT CHISEL
Where other types of chisel cannot be used easily, side cut chisels
are used. The keyway and cotter way is cleaned with this chisel.
It is almost similar to the flat chisel but the part which performs
the function of cutting is turned to one side. It is turned at an
angle and then forged. Its cutting angle is generally at and
forging angle at an angle.
 CHISEL USING METHODS
• Chisel is used for cutting and chipping a thin metal sheet, plate, round rod and such other
material. In fig cutting of a metal plate has been illustrated. The following points should
be kept in mind while using a chisel
1. Accurate marking should be done on the metal to be cut.
2. Always hold the chisel properly with your left hand and the hammer in your right hand.
3. Set the chisel properly on the marked line then strike the hammer on its head. Before striking the second
blow on the chisel, it should be set again.
4. While cutting with a chisel we should concentrate on its cutting edge.
5. Strike the hammer blow at the centre of the head of the chisel.
 PRECAUTIONS OF USING CHISEL
• At the time of chipping, we must always use safety goggles.
• Keep your face towards the wall, while chipping.
• If someone is working in your front, you should fix chipping guard at the rear of the vice
so that chips do not hit him.
• The mushroom head chisel should never be used for chipping.
• There should not be any greasy substance on the chisel head and face of the hammer being
used for chipping.
• An extraordinarily long chisel should not be used for chipping.
• While chipping we should keep on applying grease on the edge of the chisel.
KINDS OF HAMMER
The kinds and uses and meanings
 CLAW HAMMER
Claw hammers are available in a variety of materials, styles,
and lengths.
 CROSS PIN HAMMER
This instrument is not appropriate for metalworking and is a
modest variant of the cross peen hammer. It’s best used for
cabinetry, light joinery, and other woodworking projects.
 SLEDGE HAMMER
Straightening round rods, iron bars, angle iron, channel, or
flat iron is a common task for the tools in blacksmithing. It
has the appearance of a double-faced hammer.
 BALL PEEN HAMMER
Ball peen hammers are generally made of high–carbon steel
that has been honed to a smooth surface. It has a flat striking
hammer face and circular bell. The hemispherical is widely
used for delicate rounding work and gasket fabrication
 RUBBER HAMMER
The rubber hammer, also known as a rubber mallet, is an exceptionally
useful instrument when gentle but strong strikes are required.
Upholstery hammers, woodworking hammers, and sheet metal
hammers are all frequent uses for this type of hammer.
Because the rubber head produces minimum damage, it’s an excellent
choice for hammering materials like plasterboard into place.
 TACK HAMMER
Upholstery hammers, also known as tack hammers, are used
by persons who make seats and chairs with soft cushioning.
This one-of-a-kind hammer has two long claw-like heads, one
of which is magnetic.
 DEAD BLOW HAMMER
Hammerheads of this type are designed for low recoil and
mild strikes. A solid rubber or plastic head, or a semi–hollow
head filled with sand or a lead tablet, is frequently used.
 KNIFE EDGE HAMMER
In all intents and purposes, a knife–edged hammer resembles
an axe with a flat square hammer on the other side. It’s
considerably simpler to cut and split wood with a knife edge,
and sharpening the wood is easier with a flat surface.
 BRICK HAMMER
A brick hammer is a tool used by stonemasons to shape and
breakstone, brick, and concrete. It features a smooth square face
and a sharp chisel peen.
 FRAMING HAMMER
You can avoid applying unnecessary force to massive nails by
using the framing hammer. It weighs nearly twice as much as
a standard claw hammer.
 DRYWALL HAMMER
A drywall hammer, as the name implies, is used to round up
or down drywall. It frequently has a serrated front face,
which makes it better for pounding nails and driving them
precisely than a conventional hammer.
 BODY MECHANIC HAMMER
This hammer is made up of a flat head, a long peen, and a
conical die. They are used in conjunction with a bent anvil to
eliminate the dent in the car’s panel. A body mechanic’s
hammer is another name for it
 PLANISHING HAMMER
These hammers have a cylindrical die and a beak with a
somewhat convex head. During the planning stage, it is used
to precisely shape and smooth the metal, allowing it to adopt
the shape of the snakehead. A levelling types of hammers are
a tiny hammer that is typically used to shape and smooth
fine–shaped metal.
 PROSPECTORS HAMMER
This hammerhead is popular among geologists due to its flat,
smooth, or textured stunning face. The peen tapers to a single
spike–shaped claw that comes in during the attack
complex groundwork The handle is short and ergonomically
designed to minimize hotspots while maintaining a firm grip
 SPLITTING MAUL HAMMER
A splitting hammer looks like a combination of a sledgehammer
and an ax. The head of the ax is sharpened to the point used to
break the tree.
The side of the hammerhead of the sledgehammer can be used
to hit the tree, or more generally, to drive nails into the tree as
much as possible to prepare it for the tool. Both sides of the
head are designed to reduce the chance of getting caught in a
tree.
 STRAIGHT PEEN HAMMER
It’s similar to a cross peen hammer, however, the peen is
angled vertically instead of horizontally. Straight peen
hammers, like cross peen hammers, are used for shaping and
nailing metal.
 CHIPPING HAMMER
A chipping hammer is another name for welding hammers. At
one end, there’s a spherical chisel, and at the other, there’s an
upright pein. This hammer’s handle has a spiral pattern that
resembles spring.
 SOFT FACED HAMMER
Soft hammers are utilized on projects that are prone to leave
scars when we strike a hammer blow. Wood, Bakelite, plastic,
brass, copper, or aluminum are used to make these hammers.
Mallet refers to a wooden hammer.
Some plastic or nylon hammers are constructed in such a way
that the interior of the hammer is composed of iron. They
feature a cap made of plastic or nylon on both ends.
 HALF HACHET HAMMER
The half–hatchet hammers are a combination of an ax and
a hammer, giving the user a choice of possibilities. It’s
also known as a rigging axe, and it’s useful in
a variety of situations.
 BLOCKING HAMMER
On one side, the hammer has a flat, square head and on the
other, it has a cylindrical head. Another hammer used by
blacksmiths is this one. On a block or anvil, it can be used to
shape metal.
 BUSHING HAMMER
With an extended metalhead, the bushing hammer resembles
a tenderizer. They are used to provide a stone with a rough
texture, which can be attractive or to make the stone’s path
less slippery.
 BRASS HAMMER
The brass hammers are made to pound steel pins without causing
damage to the surface. It may be found in both car and woodworking
shops.
The tapered, cylindrical double–head of a brass hammer is used to
sharpen steel pins without injuring the surrounding surface. The
brass hammer, as its name implies, has a brass cylindrical double
head that is ideal for striking steel pins into various materials without
causing damage to the surrounding region.
KINDS OF SAW
The kinds and uses and meanings
 HACK SAW
The hack saw was created to cut through metal, and due to its
thin blade, it works well to cut through thin materials such as
plastic or metal pipes. For very occasional use, it could also be
used as a multi-purpose saw for cutting through wood, but
this could damage the blade.
 COPING SAW
The coping saw, as the hack saw, has a blade that is secured in
place by tension. It is used for making curved cuts on wood,
and in fact, this is where it gets its name from, as it is ideally
used to create coping joints rather than miter joints.
 CROSS CUT SAW
This saw is used for making rough cuts of wood, for example,
trimming branches or cutting lumber, and is designed to cut
across the grain of the wood (i.e., perpendicular to the grain).
These saws have large teeth and a relatively thick blade to
make it sturdy against rough wood.
 BOW CUT SAW
A bow cut saw is a modern type of crosscut saw. It is a
medium-sized hand tool that is most commonly used outdoors
for pruning trees and cutting logs. A bow cut saw has crosscut
teeth that are able to remove sawdust while being pushed in
and out.
 FRET SAW
These saws are designed to complete much more intricate
woodwork. The name of ‘fret’ comes from the French word
‘freter,’ which translates in English to ‘lattice,’ as this saw was
made for use on latticework.
 KEYHOLE SAW
These saws take the shape of a dagger, with a blade that
comes to a point at the opposite end of a single handle. They
are also known as ‘jab saws’ because the sharp point allows
them to jab through materials such as drywall, and then saw
through. Their thin blade makes them ideal for making
awkward cutting maneuvers or making small holes.
 JAPANESE SAW
A Japanese saw consists of a strong and narrow blade
attached to a handle at one end. These are designed to cut on
the pull motion, unlike most other saws that cut on the push
motion. The benefit of this is a cleaner and narrower cut.
 RIP CUT SAW
A rip cut saw is one of the most common types of saws that
anyone who works with wood will own, and probably the saw
that gets used the most often as it is versatile and suitable for
a number of jobs. A rip cut saw is designed to cut wood
parallel to the grain.
 BACK SAW
These saws are also known as dovetail saws, as they are ideal
for making dovetail joints that require precision and
accuracy. These saws have fine teeth and narrow blades,
making them suitable for making exact cuts.
 PRUNING SAW
These saws are specifically designed for use in the garden, as
a quick and easy means of pruning trees and large shrubs.
They have a single curved handle attached to a curved blade,
and can easily access even hard to reach branches hidden
amongst dense-growing trees.
 VENEER SAW
These saws are designed for cutting hardwood veneers,
laminates, and plastics. They are a double-edged saw with a
small, curved blade, usually measuring just 3 or 4 inches long.
Their size means they are only useful for working on small
areas, but they offer fast and smooth results.
 WALLBOARD SAW
Also known as drywall saws, these saws look very similar to
keyhole saws. The difference is that wallboard saws usually
have shorter and wider blades. Their blades are also often
double-edged, with sharp teeth running along both the top
and bottom sides of the blade. These saws have a pointed nose
and are used for punching holes into drywall or paneling.
 CAMPING SAW
There are many types of camping saws available, offering various
features and differing designs. For most people who will need a saw
when camping, the most important elements are that the saw is
versatile and able to cut a range of materials and that it is compact
and lightweight for easy portability. The folding camping saw fits all
of these criteria, being ideal for slipping into a pocket of clothing or a
bag.
 BONE SAW
A bone saw as you might expect, is for cutting bones. These
are used primarily in the meat butchering trade, or by
hunters to make cuts through deer or other game.
MEASUREMENT CHART
KINDS OF WOOD
JOINTS
The kinds and uses and meanings
 BUTT JOINT
The end of a timber board is called the “butt.” Woodworkers forming
this joint are placing two ends together at a right angle to create a
corner. Mechanical fasteners such as nails or screws are necessary to
preserve this joinery.
You see this technique used most often when building wall or attic
framing. Some picture frames, decking, and sandboxes also use it.
 MITER JOINT
Since the miter joint has minimal strength, it is typically used
for trim and molding purposes. Depending on the purpose,
you may need to strengthen the miter joint by adding nails. A
classic example of mitered butt joinery is the wooden picture
frames.
 HALF LAP JOINT
Woodworkers use this joint to join two boards together to
create a flush surface.
It happens most often when a connection is needed in the
middle of the timber, although corner connections are also
possible.
 CROSS LAP JOINT
You see this woodworking joint used for framing and
cabinetry quite often. A birdsmouth joint is a common
variation used when the connection must be at an angle.
 POCKET HOLE JOINT
Pocket-hole joinery is where a basic butt joint is fastened using
screws that are at an angle. It requires the woodworkers to drill a
pilot hole between the two boards. The two pieces get connected
with a screw to create a durable, flat surface for the wood.
Usually, the holes are drilled at a 15-degree angle. Since the hole for
the screw must get pre-drilled, measurement accuracy is critical to
this technique’s success. The best way to accurately do this by using
a pocket-hole jig to drill the holes.
Cabinet doors and face frames often use this technique. Pocket joint
is also sometimes found in door jambs and residential archways.
 TONGUE & GROOVE JOINT
All high-traffic flat surfaces benefit from the use of tongue
and groove joinery.
Tongue and groove joinery can also be used to form square
joints. In this case, the groove is cut into the surface of the
board and the tongue is milled on the edge.
 DADO JOINT
The dado joinery method is similar to a tongue and groove
joint. The only difference is that the dado is cut across the
woodgrain whereas a groove is cut in the grain direction
which is usually along the length of the board. Moreover,
there is no tongue carved on the edges, instead, the groove is
cut wider to accept the thickness of the mating piece.
 BISCUIT JOINT
Woodworkers use this technique to create a more robust version of the butt
joint using tongue and groove principles. Both ends of the timber get a slot
cut into them to hold a small wafer that acts as a connection. When the glue
gets added to the insert, it starts swelling until the entire carved-out area gets
filled.
Most tabletops and wooden counters use the biscuit joinery method to create
a more reliable joint suitable for daily use. You can use the woodworking tool
called biscuit joiner or plate joiner to make this type of edge joints
accurately.
A dowel joint is a modification of this option. In dowel joints, instead of
biscuit slots, you will drill holes and put wooden pins along with glue blocks.
 MORTISE AND TENON JOINT
This type of wood joint is often used in furniture making and
crafts. Your table legs are most probably joined by a stopped
mortise and tenon joint and the chair legs are often attached
with the help of angle mortise.
 RABBET JOINT
This technique allows a flat piece, such as the back of a
cabinet, to sit flush with both sides for a seamless finish. A
variation of this joint is the dado rabbet joint.
You also see this joint used in windowsills and doors when
glass inserts must sit within a frame.
 DOVETAIL JOINT
Woodworkers use this option to add strength to a corner. It
uses interlock joinery of a series of pins and tails to create a
resilient edge that can be used for furniture, cabinetry, and
framing.
 HALF BLIND DOVETAIL JOINT
Most drawers use this joint design because it features a
trapezoid design for the pins that fit together at the end of the
timber. Woodworkers use it to avoid having the connection
visible from the front of the piece without compromising their
work’s strength.
 SLIDING DOVETAIL
Yet another variation of dovetail joinery is the sliding dovetail
joint, which works like a tongue and groove while using the
dovetail technique.
 BOX JOINT
This joint works at the end of two timber pieces to build a seamless right
angle. You carve out a series of symmetrical slots to form rectangular
projections called fingers. Once you glue the connection, the fingers get
inserted to create a permanent bond that results in a solid corner.
Box joinery is an effective alternative to dovetail joints. The dovetail joinery
works best on hardwood and it requires a complex machining process.
 BRIDLE JOINT
This approach uses a modified version of the mortise and
tenon joint. Instead of cutting a square piece to form a corner,
woodworkers create a lengthy edge that fits into a grooved
receptacle. It creates a right angle through this connection
with three adequate surfaces that hold adhesive for added
strength.
 FINGER JOINTS
This type of wood joinery technique is mainly used to join two
pieces of wood to make a longer board. A lengthening joint
usually has a larger gluing surface between the joined pieces.
WINDOW DIAGRAM
DOOR JAMB DIAGRAM