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Quarter 1 – Module 6:
Ore Minerals: How they are
Found, Mined, and Processed
for Human Use
Earth Science
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 6 – Ore Minerals: How they are Found, Mined, and Processed
for Human Use.
First Edition, 2020
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Welcome to the EARTH SCIENCE Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module
on Ore Minerals: How They are Found, Mined, and Processed for Human Use!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
Welcome to the EARTH SCIENCE Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Ore
Minerals: How They are Found, Mined, and Processed for Human Use!
The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. This
module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
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This will give you an idea of the skills or
What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
This part includes an activity that aims to
What I Know check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
This is a brief drill or review to help you link
What’s In the current lesson with the previous one.
In this portion, the new lesson will be
What’s New introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the
What is It lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent
What’s More practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
This includes questions or blank
What I Have Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
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The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
This module was designed and written based on the prescribed learning competency.
The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations.
The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The activities
included in this module will assist you to achieve the set learning standard.
The module is composed of lesson on how ore minerals are found, mined, and
processed for human use.
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What I Know
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11. Which of the following statement/s is/are correct?
1. Surface and underground mining use explosives.
2. Underground mining is cheaper than surface mining
3. Open pit mining is the most common type of surface mining
a. 1 only b. 2 only c. 1 and 2 d. 1 and 3
12. Which of the following is the final step in mineral processing?
a. Analysis b. Comminution c. Dewatering d. Sampling
13. Which is not true about surface mining?
a. It is the most dangerous method of mining.
b. It is used to extract ore minerals near the surface of the earth.
c. Surface mining can be done through open pit, dredging and strip
mining.
d. In surface mining, the soil and rock that covered the ores are
removed through blasting.
14. Engr. Atienza took a sample of mineral from the prospective mineral deposit.
What mineral processing did he do?
a. analysis b. sampling c. comminution d. dewatering
15. Which of the following processes involved crushing and grinding of mineral ore?
a. analysis b. sampling c. comminution d. dewatering
What’s In
1. _________________________________
2. _________________________________
3._________________________________
4._________________________________
5._________________________________
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What’s New
Guide questions:
1. Since we cannot see what underlies beneath, what can you suggest on how
minerals can be found?
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. What do you think are the mineral deposit present in these layers of rocks?
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. How will you separate each mineral component?
__________________________________________________________________________________
What is It
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There are two methods of mining:
a. Surface Mining – is used to extract ore minerals near the surface of
the earth. The soil and rocks that covered the ores are removed through
blasting. Blasting is a controlled use of explosives and gas exposure to break
rocks. Some examples of surface mining are:
Open-pit Mining
2. Strip mining – This mining type involves the removal of a thin strip
of overburden (earth or soil) above a desired deposit, dumping the removed
overburden behind the deposit, extracting the desired deposit, creating a
second, parallel strip in the same manner, and depositing the waste materials
from that second (new) strip onto the first strip. This mining method is used
for coal, phosphates, clays, and tar mining.
Strip Mining
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3. Dredging – This is the process of mining materials from the bottom
of a body of water, including rivers, lakes, and oceans.
Dredging
b. Underground mining – is used to extract the rocks, minerals and
other precious stories that can be found beneath the earth’s surface. In
underground mining, miners need to create a tunnel so they can reach the
ore minerals. This kind of mining is more expensive and dangerous as
compared to surface mining because miners need to use explosive devices to
remove the minerals from the rocks that cover them.
Underground Mining
Mineral processing is the process of extracting minerals from the ore,
refining them, and preparing these minerals for use. The primary steps
involved in processing minerals include:
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4. Concentration – involves the separation of the valuable minerals from the
raw materials
5. Dewatering – uses the concentration to convert it to usable minerals. This
involve filtration and sedimentation of the suspension and drying of the
solid materials harvested from this suspension.
What’s More
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What I Have Learned
Direction: Using the concept learned, make a mind map starting from the word
inside the circle below.
Mining
What I Can Do
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Assessment
Directions: Read and analyze the following questions. Write the letter
that best answers each question.
3. Chromite miners in the Philippines use drill or explosive to bore hole in the ground
to extract the mineral deposits. Which mining method did the miners use?
a. Dredging c. Strip mining
b. Open-pit mining d. Underground mining
4. The following are the processes done by modern miners to determine the
prospective mineral ore body except
a. using geophysical techniques
b. determining the elevation of the area
c. measuring the magnetic reading of the area
d. determining the sonic responses of the location
5. Black sand is mined at sea and coastline in some areas in the Philippines. Which
method is applicable to mine black sand?
a. Dredging c. Strip Mining
b. Open-pit mining d. Underground mining
7. A geologist examined the ore sample from unidentified mining site. He tested the
chemical, mineral and particle size of the mineral sample. What mineral
processing did he perform?
a. Analysis c. Dewatering
b. Comminution d. Sampling
8. What method of mining involves digging of tunnels to extract the ore deposits?
a. Deep mining c. Surface mining
b. Open - pit mining d. Underground mining
9. Which mineral process involves filtration and sedimentation of the mining water
and drying of the solid minerals harvested from this suspension?
a. Comminution c. Dewatering
b. Concentration d. Sampling
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10. Which of the arrangement of mineral processing is correct?
a. comminution, dewatering, crushing, grinding, and analysis
b. sampling, analysis, comminution, filtration, and dewatering
c. sampling analysis, comminution, concentration, and dewatering
d. dewatering, comminution, analysis, sampling, and surface mining
13. Which of the following processes involved crushing and grinding of mineral ore?
a. Analysis c. Dewatering
b. Comminution d. Sampling
Additional Activities
Explain the quotation given by Gina Lopez on the proposal to lift and review
the open-pit mining ban in the Philippines.
“Mining is not a right. It’s a privilege. It’s a privilege granted on certain
conditions. But the Filipino right to our water, our air, our river, our streams is not
only constitutional, it’s God-given. And it’s the duty of government to protect the
rights of the Filipino”.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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Assessment What's More What I Know
1. C 1. T 1. A
2. B 2. F 2. D
3. B 3. F 3. C
4. B 4. T 4. B
5. A 5. T 5. B
6. D 6. E 6. C
7. A 7. B 7. D
8. D 8. C 8. C
9. C 9. A 9. C
10. C 10. D 10. A
11. D 11. 5 11. D
12. D 12. 1 12. C
13. B 13. 3 13. A
14. B 14. 2 14. B
15. B 15. 4 15. C
Answer Key
References
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