Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Summarizing a Text
Learning Objectives:
II-KEY CONCEPTS
What is summarizing?
Summarizing means giving a concise overview of a text’s main points in your
own words. A summary is always much shorter than the original text.
Writing a summary does not involve critiquing or analyzing the source—you
should simply provide a clear, objective, accurate account of the most important
information and ideas, without copying any text from the original and without
missing any of the key points.
A summary is also a shortened version of a text, piece or a gist. Remember
the following:
1. Base your summary on the original piece.
2. Keep your summary short.
3. Use your own wording.
4. Refer to the central and main ideas of the original piece.
5. Read with who, what, when, where, why and how questions in mind.
6. Avoid putting in your opinion about the issue or topic discussed in the
original piece.
There are several strategies to consider when summarizing a text:
1. Read the entire text.
2. Identify the title, author, and text type.
Author: May Ben T. Bayogbog
School/Station: Taft National High School
Division: Surigao City
email address: mayben.tingson@deped.gov.ph
1
3. Describe the central ideas.
4. Identify key supporting details.
SAMPLE SUMMARY
Example #1
It’s 5 o’ clock in the morning. Mang Eloy woke up early for work. He is a
security guard at a downtown pawnshop in Ozamiz City. Aleng Mameng, his wife
prepared breakfast for the family and readied herself for work too. She is a cashier
at a department store.
Exactly 7:00 a.m. when they finished breakfast, Mang Eloy and Aleng
Mameng wore their face masks, grabbed their bags and rushed out of the house.
After a while, Coco wore his face mask, took out a bag of garbage from the trash
bin, threw it away in their compost pit, and washed his hands with a foamy
antibacterial soap. He made sure he washed his hands properly and dried them
thoroughly.
At 9:00 a.m., he completed all his tasks, he then opened his cellphone,
texted his mother for the alcohol and finally opened his DepEd Commons mobile
app for his online learning.
Summary
A couple named Mang Eloy and Aleng Mameng got up and prepared
early for work one morning.They had a son named Coco whom Aleng Mameng
called to get up early too. When the whole family seated at the dining table for
breakfast, they discussed about home necessities such as throwing the
garbage, washing the hands and buying home disinfectants. The couple then
went to their works, leaving Coco doing his home tasks until he finished them
all and he’s ready for his online learning during the time of pandemic .
When I saw my sister, Delia, beating my dog with a stick, I felt hate heave like
Now,
a caged, let’s read
angry beastthe
in story of “The
my chest. OutCentipede”
in the sun,by Rony V. Diaz
the hair and
of my afterglinted
sister you like
metal
read theand, in let’s
story, her brown
answerdress,
more she looked
activities like ait.sheathed dagger. Biryuk hugged the
about
earth and screamed but I could not bound forward nor cry out to my sister. She had
a weak heart and she must not be surprised. So I held myself, my throat swelled, and
I felt hate rear and plunge in its cage of ribs.
I was thirteen when my father first took me hunting. All through the summer
of that year, I had tramped alone and unarmed the fields and forest around our farm.
Then one afternoon in late July my father told me I could use his shotgun.
Beyond the ipil grove, in a grass field we spotted a covey of brown pigeons. In
the open, they kept springing to the air and gliding away every time we were within
range. But finally they dropped to the ground inside a wedge of guava trees. My father
pressed my shoulder and I stopped. Then slowly, in a half-crouch, we advanced. The
breeze rose lightly; the grass scuffed against my bare legs. My father stopped again.
He knelt down and held my hand.
“Wait for the birds to rise and then fire,” he whispered.
I pushed the safety lever of the rifle off and sighted along the barrel. The saddle
of the stock felt greasy on my cheek. The gun was heavy and my arm muscles
twitched. My mouth was dry; I felt vaguely sick. I wanted to sit down.
“You forgot to spit,” my father said.
Father had told me that hunters always spat for luck before firing. I spat and I
saw the breeze bend the ragged, glassy threads of spittle toward the birds.
“That’s good,” Father said.
“Can’t we throw a stone,” I whispered fiercely. “It’s taking them a long time.”
“No, you’ve to wait.”
Suddenly, a small dog yelping shrilly came tearing across the brooding plain of
grass and small trees. It raced across the plain in long slewy swoops, on outraged
shanks that disappeared and flashed alternately in the light of the cloud-banked sun.
One of the birds whistled and the covey dispersed like seeds thrown in the wind. I
fired and my body shook with the fierce momentary life of the rifle. I saw three
pigeons flutter in a last convulsive effort to stay afloat, then fall to the ground. The
shot did not scare the dog. He came to us, sniffing cautiously. He circled around us
until I snapped my fingers and then he came me.
“Not bad,” my father said grinning. “Three birds with one tube.” I went to the
brush to get the birds. The dog ambled after me. He found the birds for me. The
breast of one of the birds was torn. The bird had fallen on a spot where the earth was
worn bare, and its blood was spread like a tiny, red rag. The dog scraped the blood
with his tongue. I picked up the birds and its warm, mangled flesh clung to the palm
of my hand.
“You’re keen,” I said to the dog. “Here. Come here.” I offered him my bloody
palm. He came to me and licked my palm clean.
Nothing I did ever pleased her. She destroyed willfully anything I liked. At first,
I took it as a process of adaptation, a step of adjustment; I snatched and crushed
every seed of anger she planted in me, but later on I realized that it had become a
habit with her. I did not say anything when she told Berto to kill my monkey because
it snickered at her one morning, while she was brushing her teeth. I did not say
anything when she told Father that she did not like my pigeon house because it stank
and I had to give away my pigeons and Berto had to chop the house into kindling
wood. I learned how to hold myself because I knew we had to put up with her whims
to keep her calm and quiet. But when she dumped my butterflies into a waste can
and burned them in the backyard, I realized that she was spiting me.
My butterflies never snickered at her and they did not smell. I kept them in an
unused cabinet in the living room and unless she opened the drawers, they were out
of her sight. And she knew too that my butterfly collection had grown with me. But
when I arrived home, one afternoon, from school, I found my butterflies in a can,
burned in their cotton beds like deckle. I wept and Father had to call my sister for an
explanation. She stood straight and calm before Father but my tear-logged eyes saw
only her harsh and arrogant silhouette. She looked at me curiously but she did not
say anything and Father began gently to question her. She listened politely and when
Father had stopped talking, she said without rush, heat or concern: “They were
attracting ants.”
I ran after Biryuk. He had fled to the brambles. I ran after him, bugling his
name. I found him under a low, shriveled bush. I called him and he only whimpered.
Then I saw that one of his eyes was bleeding. I sat on the ground and looked closer.
The eye had been pierced. The stick of my sister had stabbed the eye of my dog. I was
stunned. ,For a long time I sat motionless, staring at Biryuk. Then I felt hate crouch;
its paws dug hard into the floor of its cage; it bunched muscles tensed; it held itself
for a minute and then it sprang and the door of the cage crashed open and hate
clawed wildly my brain. I screamed. Biryuk, frightened, yelped and fled, rattling the
dead bush that sheltered him. I did not run after him.
On my way back to the house, I passed the woodshed. I saw Berto in the shade
of a tree, splitting wood. He was splitting the wood he had stacked last year. A mound
of bone-white slats was piled near his chopping block When he saw me, he stopped
and called me.
His head was drenched with sweat. He brushed away the sweat and hair from
his eyes and said to me: “I’ve got something for you.”
He dropped his ax and walked into the woodshed. I followed him. Berto went to
a corner of the shed. I saw a jute sack spread on the ground. Berto stopped and
picked up the sack.
“Look,” he said.
“I found him under the stack I chopped.” Berto smiled happily; he looked at me
with his muddy eyes.
I stiffened. “Did it, really?” I said trying to control my rising voice. Berto was
still grinning and I felt hot all over.
“I didn’t expect to find any centipede here,” he said. “It nearly bit me. Who
wouldn’t get shocked?” He bent and picked up a piece of wood.
“This wood was here,” he said and put down the block. “Then I picked it up,
like this. And this centipede was coiled here. Right here. I nearly touched it with my
hand. What do you think you would feel?”
I did not answer. I squatted to look at the reptile. Its antennae quivered
searching the tense afternoon air. I picked up a sliver of wood and prodded the
centipede. It uncoiled viciously. Its pinchers slashed at the tiny spear.
“Yes,” Berto said. “I did not kill him because I knew you would like it.”
“That’s bigger than the one you found last year, isn’t it?”
I stuck the sliver into the carapace of the centipede. It went through the flesh
under the red armor; a whitish liquid oozed out. Then I made sure it was dead by
brushing its antennae. The centipede did not move. I wrapped it in a handkerchief.
My sister was enthroned in a large chair in the porch of the house. Her back
was turned away from the door; she sat facing the window She was embroidering a
strip of white cloth. I went near, I stood behind her chair. She was not aware of my
presence. I unwrapped the centipede. I threw it on her lap.
My sister shrieked and the strip of white sheet flew off like an unhanded hawk.
She shot up from her chair, turned around and she saw me but she collapsed again
to her chair clutching her breast, doubled up with pain The centipede had fallen to
the floor.“You did it,” she gasped. “You tried to kill me. You’ve health… life… you
tried…” Her voice dragged off into a pain-stricken moan
“But it’s dead!” I cried kneeling before her. “It’s dead! Look! Look!” I snatched
up the centipede and crushed its head between my fingers. “It’s dead!”
Marian came home from school. She went to the kitchen and saw her mother
cooking.
Marian got some seeds and planted them in a wooden box. She watered the
seeds every day. She made sure they got enough sun. After three days, Marian was
happy to see stems and leaves sprouting. Her mongo seeds grew into young plants.
GIST SUMMARY
WHO What
When Where
Why how
Directions: Read the summary below and answers the needed information in the
given graphic organizer. Write it on a separate sheet of paper.
Summary of Harvest
by Loreto Paras Sulit
Vidal and Fabian were taking palay stalks in the late afternoon sun. Fabian is
insecure of his brother’s handsomeness. When they were harvesting, they talked about
the five carabaos wherein Vidal must marry Milia. It was because their need of carabao
for plowing the fields. While they were talking, a not exactly young or beautiful girl came
named Miss Francia. She called out Vidal saying he’s a perfect model. Fabian also
noticed the woman. Miss Francia noticed Fabian and approached him praising his arms.
After the chatting, the brothers went to work again until sunset. On their way home,
Vidal saw a moth and paused to catch it but then; his brother crashed the moth in no
time. Vidal asked, “Why are you that way”. Fabian replied, “What is my way?”. “That way
of destroying things that are beautiful like moths”, Vidal answered. “Things that are
beautiful have a way of hurting. I destroy it when I feel a hurt”, Fabian explained.
While eating dinner, Tinay did not join them for she cannot leave her baby and
her daughter Trining was playing siklot in a corner all by herself. Fabian keeps on
telling that Vidal must marry Milia so that they could have five carabaos. For the reply,
Vidal said that he will go with Miss Francia to the city to work as her model.
The next day, Fabian went to Miss Francia’s place. Instead of saying that Vidal
will marry Milia for the five carabaos, he said that his brother will have a child with
Milia so that he may not go with the said work in the city. Miss Francia did not say
anything but she asked Fabian to be her model to finish her work.
When Fabian went home, he saw his brother and his wife Tinay talking to each
other in the batalan. He heard that Vidal already accepted to marry Milia. Vidal watched
Fabian cleansing his face and arms and later wondered why it took his brother that long
to watch his arms, why he was rubbing them so hard as that.
Source: https://bit.ly/2TfBkZZ
wanted
Who did the character want?
but
What was the problem?
SO
How did the character try to solve the
problem?
Then
What was the outcome/result?
IV-INDEPENDENT PRACTICE
Activity 1: I am Puzzled!
Directions: Unlock the vocabulary words from the story “The Centipede by Rony V.
Diaz”. Copy and complete the cross-word puzzle using the clues inside
the box below. Do it on a separate sheet of paper.
CLUES
6 5
Across
1. pronounced guilty 4
3. sharp high-pitched sounds or
cries 1
6. a leather-covered seat for the 2
rider CLUES
3
Down
2. a small flock
4. shake involuntarily
5. to fear greatly
Directions: Read the story “The Centipede by Rony V. Diaz”. After you read the
story, fill in the details inside the pyramid. Do it on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. ONE WORD
NAME OF
MAIN
CHARACTER
Directions: Read the story “The Centipede by Rony V. Diaz” and write a five-
sentence summary of what you have read. Do it on a separate sheet of
paper. Be reminded that you are rate based on the scores in the given
rubric below.
VI. ASSESSMENT
Directions: Read and analyze each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. When summarizing a text, if I’m not sure with what I’m writing, I should ______.
A. keep reading. C. reread the original piece.
B. keep writing. D. judge the text with my own opinion.
3. When you determine the main idea of a text, significant details and condensing
information into a short one or two sentence summary, you are:
A. evaluating C. predicting
B. judging D. summarizing
The first reason to avoid comparing yourself with others is that there will
be always someone better than you. It doesn’t matter in which aspect, but it is
always true. Therefore, you could feel inferior to others and maybe without a real
reason. For example, you can be an incredible architect and the best of your
generation, and this can make you feel incredibly good, but if someday someone
is better than you are, you could feel sad although you are still the same
incredible architect that you were before.
The second reason to elude this kind of comparison is that you will always
find someone worse than you, but as opposed to the first reason, this can make
you feel better than the others, and this feeling can turn into a horrible pride. For
example, if you are the second-best student of your class, and one day the very
best student leaves the school, you will then be the best one although you are still
only as good as you were before.
These two first reasons lead us to a third one: If you want to be better than
the others, you don’t need to improve yourself; you only have to make the others
look bad. If I want to be the leader of the group, but you are the leader now, what
I need to do is to make you look like a traitor or stupid and then I can take your
place. Then I will be better than you.
A fourth reason to stop comparing ourselves is that the one who compares
him/herself with others is judging, and this doesn’t help us develop as human
beings. Nobody knows the internal reality of the other; nobody knows his/her
story and his/her most deep intentions, and when we judge it’s harder to accept
the others.
The
Author: May Benlast but most important reason to avoid comparing ourselves with
T. Bayogbog
School/Station: Taft National
others is that when we Highdo,
School
we can be tempted to copy them, to do the same
Division: Surigao City
things, and to act and think like them. The problem with this is that if we copy
email address: mayben.tingson@deped.gov.ph
someone, 16
RUBRIC
we will never know who IN SUMMARIZING
we really ANreally
are and what we ESSAY want, and then we will
never grow spiritually.
For all these reasons and because we are unique, we should not compare
ourselves with others, only with ourselves. The only comparison pattern that we
really have is our consciousness. So, if we use this pattern we will not feel less or
more than others; we will not try to make others look bad; we will not judge so
much; and we will accept ourselves as we really are. In other words, we will live
happier.
Source: https://bit.ly/2ThTYRa
Author: MayActivity 1.
Ben T. Bayogbog Activity 1
School/Station: Taft National High School
Learners’
Division: Surigao Cityanswers may vary. ACROSS
email address: mayben.tingson@deped.gov.ph . 1. condemned
Activity 2. 17 3.shrilly
REFERENCES
Books:
Summary, English7 Learner’s Material, p. 170, DepEd-BLR, 2017
Pado, Felicitas E., et.al. (2018). The Philippine Informal Reading Inventory Manual
2018. Pasig City, Philippines. Department of Education – Bureau of Learning
Resources (DepEd-BLR)
Images:
https://bit.ly/3reY497
https://www.slideshare.net/elkissn/narrative-summary-rubric
Electronic Sources:
https://www.mpc.edu/home/showdocument?id=12794#:~:text=Summarizig
%20reduces%20a%20text%20to,information%20to%20its%20key
%20ideas.AccessedJuly 01, 2021
https://www.slideshare.net/03Nayer/analysis-harvest-by-loreto-paras-
sulit.Accessed July 02,2021
https://www.coursehero.com/file/p1p18l7/3-Describe-the-central-ideas-4-Identify-
key-supporting-details-5-Avoid-opinions/AccessedJuly01,2021