1.

Following are the closing prices of Google Stock for each trading day in May and June of a
recent year.
MAY
880.37 877.07 873.65 866.20 869.79 829.61
880.93 884.74 900.68 900.62 886.25 820.43
875.04 877.00 871.98 879.81 890.22
879.73 864.64 859.70 859.10 867.63
 Determine the Mean, Media and Mode:
Solution:
Arrage the data first from lowest to highest value.
820.43 829.61 859.1 859.7 864.64 866.2 867.63 869.79 871.98 873.65 875.04 877 877.07 879.73 879.81 880.37 880.93 884.74 886.25 890.22 900.62 900.68

A. Mean
Formula:
x̄=
∑ of all values => x̄=
820.43+829.61+859.1 … 890.22+900.62+900.62
=> x̄=
19195.19
=> x̄=872.50
number of values 22 22
B. Median
820.43 829.61 859.1 859.7 864.64 866.2 867.63 869.79 871.98 873.65 875.04 877 877.07 879.73 879.81 880.37 880.93 884.74 886.25 890.22 900.62 900.68

To determine the median you need to find the middle most value/s on the arrange data list. If the
number of values is even you need to add the two middle values and divided it by 2.

(875.4 + 877.00)/2 = 1752.04/2 = Median = 876.02

C. Mode - value that appears most often in a set of data values.
Answers: Since all the datas are unique to each other, it means that no single data occurs most
often. This data set has no MODE.

JUNE
871.22 870.76 868.31 881.27 873.32
882.79 889.42 906.97 908.53 909.18
903.87 915.89 887.10 877.53 880.23
871.48 873.63 857.23 861.55 845.72
 Determine the Mean, Media and Mode:
Solution:
Arrage the data first from lowest to highest value.
845.72 857.23 861.55 868.31 870.76 871.22 871.48 873.32 873.63 877.53 880.23 881.27 882.79 887.10 889.42 903.87 906.97 908.53 909.18 915.89

D. Mean
Formula:
x̄=
∑ of all values => x̄=
845.72+857.23+861.55 … 908.53+909.18+ 915.89
=> x̄=
17636
=> x̄=881.80
number of values 20 20
E. Median
845.72 857.23 861.55 868.31 870.76 871.22 871.48 873.32 873.63 877.53 880.23 881.27 882.79 887.10 889.42 903.87 906.97 908.53 909.18 915.89

To determine the median you need to find the middle most value/s on the arrange data list. If the
number of values is even you need to add the two middle values and divided it by 2.

(877.53+ 880.23)/2 = 1757.76/2 = Median = 878.88

F. Mode - value that appears most often in a set of data values.
Answers: Since all the datas are unique to each other, it means that no single data occurs most
often. This data set has no MODE.
 2. Explain why it is necessary to check whether the population is approximately normal
before constructing a confidence interval.

Answer: It is necessary to check the population if it is normally distributed because is the most
important probability distribution in statistics because it fits many natural phenomena, normal
distribution is always represented by bell shape curve. Normal distribution describes how the data or
values are distributed. Being normally distributed is important in doing confidence interval because in
confidence interval its is important that the Mean Media and Mode are relatively close to each other.
On the question above about the Philippine Stock Exchange, peso prices are not normally distributed to
each other having a mean of 63.353 a mode of 53.51, and the mode is not present on this data set.

3. A social scientist suspects that the mean number of years of education u for adults in a
large city is greater than 12 years. She will test the null hypothesis Ho: u = 12 against the
alternate hypothesis H1: u > 12. She surveys a random sample of 100 adults and finds that the
sample means a number of years are x = 12.98. Assume that the standard deviation for the
number of years of education is o = 3 years.
a) Compute the value of the test statistic.
Solution:
Given
u = 12
x = 12.98
n = 100
o=3

x−u 12.98−12 0.98

t= t= t= .98
o => 3 => 3 => t= => t=3.67
.3
√n √100 10

b) Compute the P-value.

To determine the P-Value we need the newly computed test statistic value of 3.67,
 if we check the table of value z the equivalent of 3.67 in terms of 0.05 is 0.9991 where If
we minus it to 1, the value will be 1-0.9991 = 0.0001. and if we multiply it by 2 it will
become p=.0002 (two-tailed).
 if we check the table of value z the equivalent of 3.67 in terms of 0.01 is still 0.9991
where If we minus it to 1, the value will be 1-0.9991 = 0.0001. and if we multiply it by 2
it will become p=.0002 (two-tailed).

c) Interpret the p-value.

Since the p-value is equivalent to 0.0002, and it is below the critical value of 0.05 we can say that
the null hypothesis is being rejected. Therefore the research hypothesis is confirmed that there is a
significant adult year in a large city is greater than 12 when it comes to the number of year in education

d) Is Ho rejected at the = 0.05 level? State a conclusion.

Yes, Ho is rejected since the p-value of 0.0002 (two-tailed) is less than the critical value of 0.05
The Researcher's hypothesis is confirmed that there is a significant adult year in a large city is
greater than 12 when it comes to the number of years in education.

e) Is Ho rejected at the = 0.01 level? State a conclusion.

Yes, Ho is rejected since the p-value of 0.0002 (two-tailed)(same as 0.05) is less than the critical
value of 0.05 The Researcher's hypothesis is confirmed that there is a significant adult year in a
large city is greater than 12 when it comes to the number of years in education.
1) The result is significant at the 0.01 level. Explain why it must also be significant at the
0.05 level.
Answer: When it comes to p-value we always encounter 0.01 and 0.05 critical values. 0.01 is
typically denoted as 99% confidence which is greater than 0.05 (9% confidence level). The
lower the p-value the greater the result so some of the researchers usually choose 0.01
significance rather than 0.05. But, the downside of this is the lower the significance the more
you need to provide strong evidence to reject the null hypothesis, getting 0.05 is the most used
significance because it is the safest level for proving a research hypothesis when there are no
actual differences.

2) In what ways are hypothesis tests for a population mean different from hypothesis tests
for a proportion? In what ways are they similar?
Answer: Hypothesis Testing in Population Mean is typically used in determining if the p-
value of lies below or above the critical/alpha value inside the normal curve. Hypothesis
Testing in proportion is usually assessed whether or not a sample from a population represents
the true proportion from the entire population. But the similarity is, they are both used to
determine if the Null Hypothesis will be rejected or not.

3) Why do large values of x2 provide evidence against Ho? Why don't small values x 2
provide evidence against Ho?
If the calculated chi-square has a larger value it indicates that there is a VALID/TRUE
difference in the distance from the observed count to the expected count, this implies that
there's strong evidence against the null hypothesis. In contrary to that having smaller Chi-
Square Values implicates that you theirs is a small difference between the observed and the
expected count on the research which means it consistently stuck to the null hypothesis.

4) Explain what the expected frequencies represent in a goodness-of-fit test.

Answer: Expected Frequencies in Goodness-of-fit test (Chi-Square) represents the population
proportion of certain research. G-O-F is a non-parametric test for nominal or ordinal data.
Frequencies in G-O-F were obtained by multiply the total of the observed frequencies by the
probability for each category.

5) In what ways is the procedure for constructing a confidence interval for the difference
between two proportions similar to constructing a confidence interval for one
proportion? In what ways is it different?
Answer: When it comes to finding the Confidence Interval of both two proportions and a
single proportion there is a similarity when it comes to the needed value: they both needed a
value of Standard deviation, population means, hypothesis mean, and z-value. The difference
is in two proportions you are considering a two population as a basis of your research.