Experiment No.

:- __01___

AIM :- Design a protection system using IDMT Relay

to protect system for given fault currents

& plot the operating time characteristics

of the relay used

Name of Student : - ___________________________

Roll No. :- __________

Date of Performance :- ___/___/___

Date of Checking :- ___/___/___

 PAGE No. :
EXPERIMENT No. : ____
AIM :- Design a protection system using IDMT Relay to

protect system for given fault currents & plot the

operating time characteristics of the relay used

Apparatus :- 1) ICM 21 N Relay ABB make ( IDMT ) 01 no.

(Plug setting 0.5 A to 2.0 A & TSM - 10% to
100%. Induction disc type relay with dc coil
energized by 110 V for flag indication. Flag is
hand reset & relay self reset).
2) 1 Φ auto transformer 01 no.
3) Rheostat 34 Ω, 6.4 A. 01 no.
4) Timer 01 no.
5) Ammeter 0-5 A AC 01 no.
6) D.P. Switch 01 no.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
230V 1Ф 50 Hz supply

START STOP
L N
C TIMER C

(0-5)A RESET
PH A
5
6
1
(34 ohm,6.4 A)
230V,
1Ф V
50 Hz , (0-300V)
supply

N 2
4 3

110 V DC

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Theory The relay used here is IDMT. IDMT means inverse definite
minimum time. This relay has inverse characteristics. The relay is
used for over-current protection. The relay will operate for a particular
current setting. The set value of current is known as plug setting. For
this particular IDMT relay (ICM21 N) the plug setting is ranging from
0.5 A to 2 A in steps of 0.1 A. The relay has time multiplier setting
from 10 % to 100%. This is an electromagnetic relay. The operating
torque & the restraining torque are equal when the fault current is
equal to plug setting. Above plug setting current the operating torque
is more than restraining torque & the circular disc start rotating. The
current at which the relay starts its operation is known as pick up
current. The current at which the relay starts resetting is known as
drop out current.
When the operating current is more than pick up value the disc
start rotating. When the moving contacts touches the fixed contacts
the relay is said to operate. The duration between closing of DPDT
switch to touching of fixed contact with moving contact is known as
operating time of the relay.
Application
The relay type ICM is an over current relay with an inverse-time
characteristic. Its tripping time is shorter and the fault current is
greater. As secondary relay parts, it is fed by current transformers. It
is used to protect parts of electrical installations and simple line
systems against over current, earth fault and short circuits. For the
protection of solidly earthed systems against earth faults, relays are
available with current setting up to 0.1 A. The relay can be employed
in all situations where delayed interruption of short circuits is required,
provision also being made for instantaneous tripping at a set
maximum current.
Design & principle
The relay comprises a temperature-compensated Ferraris
measuring system which requires no coupling, gearing or hinged
armature. The 1 mm thick Ferraris disc of aluminum is drawn by a
recall spring, a recall tape and a worm against a stop on the time
adjustment disc, and is thus held in its position of rest. The worm
compensate for any change in the force of the recall spring within an
angle of rotation of the Ferraris disc of 320o. Thus the recall torque
remains constant. The driving torque and the angular speed of the

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Ferraris disc are constant. As a result the current/time characteristics
of the relay are exactly proportional. The relays are manufactured
with two current/time characteristic for 50 Hz The characteristic
determines the type designation of the particular relay. The current
coil of the driving solenoid has 14 tapings, corresponding to the seven
stages of the non interrupting setting switch for the relay current. The
adjustment of the time setting disc determines the angle of rotation of
the Ferraris disc prior to contact making. The braking magnet
consisting of a pair of cross magnetized magnets determines the
speed of rotation of the Ferraris disc at a given current.

1 Coil terminals of the indicating contactor

2 Indicator button of delayed trip
3 Contacts of the indicating contactors CV2
4 Time setting disc
5 Moving contact pin of the relay time contact
6 Relay time contact
7 Indicator button of instantaneous trip
8 Drum for setting the instantaneous trip
9 Damping magnet
10 Damping magnet mounting screw
11 Temperature compensating lever
12 Pointer of arm 11
13 Locking arm
14 Switch for setting relay pick-up current
15 Slide for adjusting current
16 Scale for marking factory adjustment of slide

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17 Driving magnet
18 Coil of the driving magnet
19 Ferraris disc
20 Test contacts
Procedure a) Make the connection as shown in the circuit diagram.
b) Set the plug setting at 0.5 A or any other suitable plug setting.
c) Set the time multiplier setting to 50 % or any other suitable value.
d) Check the position of the dimmerstat. Make it to zero position.
e) Switch on the supply.
f) Adjust the current through circuit more than plug setting. Select
the value of current proportional to PSM.
g) After setting of fault current, switch off the supply. Reset the timer.
Reset the flag. Wait till disc reach to its backstop position.
h) Switch on the supply. Note the time period required for the
operation of the relay.
i) Compare this time with the time marked on the relay.
j) Repeat the steps (f) through (i) for different values of fault current.
k) Plot the characteristics of the operating time verses fault current.
l) Repeat the procedure for other time multiplier setting & plug
setting.
Observation Table
Plug Setting :- 0.5 ; If = P.S. x P.S.M.

Time Multiplier Setting → _______ _______

Time Marked Time Marked
Fault Time Marked on Actual
Sr. on relay for on relay for Actual
Current P.S.M. relay for given Time
No TMS = 100% given TMS Time (sec)
(A) TMS (sec) (sec)
(sec) (sec)
1) 1
2) 1.5
3) 2
4) 2.5
5) 3
6) 3.5

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Graph :- Plot a graph for operating time vs. PSM for different TMS on same
graph paper.
Conclusion :- ICM 21 N ABB make, IDMT relay is used to provide protection. It
can be observed from the graph that by reducing the time multiplier
setting the operating time reduces.

Inverse time characteristics (BS 142/ IS 3231) of relay type ICM21..

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