SRISAI PUBLIC SCHOOL: PATANCHERU

CHEMISTRY
CLASS X
CHAPTER 1
PERIODIC TABLE
DAY: 1 PART :1 DATE:17062021
Main concepts and points
1. Recall the necessary for the classification of elements.
2. Earlier attempts: Dobereiner’s Triad - Newlands law of Octaves -
Mendeleev’s periodic table.
3. Atomic number of an element is an unique property.
4. Modern periodic law: “The physical and chemical properties of
elements are the periodic function of their atomic number.”
5. Henry Mosely put forward the modern periodic table and Niels
Bohr Framed the Long form of periodic table.
6. The vertical columns in the periodic table are known as
GROUPS.
7. The horizontal rows in the periodic table are known as the
PERIODS.
8. Modern Periodic table has 18 groups and 7 periods.
SALIENT FEATURES OF MODERN PERIODIC TABLE
GROUPS:
1.Group 1 elements are Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium,
caesium and Francium. They are known as ALKALI METALS
because they react with water and form strong alkalis.
2.Group 2 elements are Beryllium, Magnesium, calcium, Strontium
and Barium. They are known as ALKALINE EARTH METALS. They
react with water form weak alkalis and their oxides are found in the
earth crust.
3. Groups 3,4,5,6,7,8,910,11,12 are known as TRANSITION
ELEMENTS .These elements have their outer most orbit and
penultimate shells incomplete.
4. Group 13 is BORON family .
5. Group 14 is known as CARBON family.
6. Group 15 is known as NITROGEN family.
7. Group 16 is known as OXYGEN family.The members of this
group is also known as CHALCOGENS meaning ore forming.
8.Group17 elements are Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine and Iodine.
They are also known as HALOGENS because they are salt
producers.
9. Group 18 elements are Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon
and Radon. All the members of this group are gases. They are also
known as INERT GASES because they are chemically inert as they
have stable electronic configuration ie. Their outermost orbit is
completed with the maximum number of 8 electrons.
10.Elements belong to group number 1,2,13, 14, 15,16,17 have
1,2,3,4,5,6,7 valence electrons. The outermost orbits of these
elements are incomplete. The elements are called MAIN GROUP
ELEMENTS or REPRESENTATIVE ELEMENTS.