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Science
Quarter 4 – Module 4
Rotation and Revolution
and the Effects of Earth’s Motions
Science – Grade 6
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 4: Rotation and Revolution and the Effects of the
Earth’s Motions
First Edition, 2020
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Science
Quarter 4 – Module 4
Rotation and Revolution
and the Effects of Earth’s Motions
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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
ii
For the learner:
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while
being an active learner.
What’s New
In this portion, the new lesson will
be introduced to you in various
ways such as a story, a song, a
poem, a problem opener, an activity
or a situation.
iii
This section provides a brief
What is It
discussion of the lesson. This aims
to help you discover and
understand new concepts and
skills.
iv
At the end of this module you will also find:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part
of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
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What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you master the skills in differentiating between rotation and revolution
and describing the effects of the Earth’s motions. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of pupils. The lessons are arranged to
follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read
them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. In
this module, you will be able to differentiate between the rotation and
revolution and describe the effects of Earth’s motions (S6ES-IVe-f-5).
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What I Know
2
Lesson
Rotation and Revolution of
1 the Earth
The Earth is made up of rocks, soil, water, and air. It is one of the
planets that spins and travels around the Sun. The Earth is a very tiny part
of the universe, but home to many forms of life. The Earth moves at a constant
speed. It follows a counter clockwise direction. The Earth moves in three ways,
it rotates and travels around the Sun, and moves through the Milky Way
galaxy with the rest of the planets in the Solar System (Sarte, et al., 2016).
In this module, you are going to learn about rotation and revolution
of the Earth.
What’s In
Analyze the sentences below and identify the season being described.
Write W for wet season and D for dry season. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.
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What’s New
5) 6)
1)
3)
2) 4)
ACROSS:
1- It is the direction of the Earth while revolving around the Sun.
2- It is the movement of the Earth on its axis.
3- It refers to the path of the Earth when it revolves around the Sun.
4- It is an imaginary line describing Earth’s tilt.
DOWN:
5- It refers to the movement of the Earth around the Sun.
6- It is the shape of an orbit.
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What is It
Earth’s Rotation and Revolution
Rotation
Everyday, the Sun appears to rise in the east, travel across the sky, and
set in the west. You can observe this day in and day out. But the Sun does
not move from east to west. Instead, the Earth is spinning on its axis, an
imaginary line passing through the center of Earth which goes through both
the North Pole and the South Pole, at a regular and steady rate once every 24
hours (one day). The movement of the Earth on its axis is called rotation. The
direction of its rotation is from west to east or counter clockwise direction
(Sarte, et al., 2016).
Earth’s Rotation
Earth’s rotation
on its own axis
The Equator
Earth’s Axis
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Revolution
The Earth rotates as it travels around the Sun in space. The movement
of the Earth around the Sun is called revolution. The Earth revolves around
the Sun in a counter clockwise direction. It takes the Earth a year, or 365 ¼
days to revolve around the Sun.
The calendar we presently use, the Gregorian calendar, only uses 365
days. So to compensate for the excess time to keep the calendar in sync with
the revolution of the Earth, a leap year is used every four years. A leap year
adds one day to the end of February. The Earth travels around the Sun in a
path or orbit. This orbit has an elliptical shape. This is the reason why
sometimes the Earth is far from or close to the Sun (Sarte, et al., 2016).
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What’s More
Activity 1
Activity 2
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Activity 3
Column A Column B
B. From the information that you have read, answer the following
questions. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
6. What is rotation?
7. In what direction does the Earth rotate?
8. How many days does the Earth take to complete its rotation?
9. What is revolution?
10. How long does it take the Earth to make a complete revolution around the
Sun?
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What I Have Learned
Fill in the blanks with the correct answer to complete the thought of the
paragraphs. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
I learned that…
The Earth is spinning on its axis at a regular and steady rate once every
(1) ___________ hours. The movement of the Earth on its axis is called
(2) ___________. The direction of its rotation is from (3) ___________ or
(4) ___________. Earth’s rotation is inclined or tilted (5) ___________ degrees
relative to its plane of revolution around the Sun.
The Earth rotates as it travels around the Sun in space. The movement
of the Earth around the Sun is called (6) ___________. It takes the Earth a
year, or (7) ___________ days to revolve around the Sun. The Earth travels
around the Sun in a path or orbit. This orbit has an (8) ___________ shape.
This is the reason why sometimes the Earth is far from or close to the Sun. It
is closest to the Sun when it is in its orbit’s (9) ___________. It is farthest from
the Sun when it is in its orbit’s (10) ___________.
What I Can Do
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Assessment
3. What do you call the movement of the Earth on its own axis?
A. circulation C. revolution
B. direction D. rotation
4. How many days does the Earth take to complete its revolution?
A. 366 B. 365 ¼ C. 365 ¾ D. 366 ¼
5. What do you call the point in the orbit of the Earth where it is closest to
the Sun?
A. aphelion C. revolution
B. perihelion D. rotation
7. What is the reason why sometimes the Earth is far from or close to the
Sun?
A. The Earth rotates on its axis.
B. The orbit has an elliptical shape.
C. The Earth travels around the Sun.
D. Earth’s rotation is inclined or tilted 23.5 degrees.
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8. Which is NOT true about the Earth?
A. It revolves around the Sun.
B. It revolves in counter clockwise direction.
C. It rotates on its axis in clockwise direction.
D. It takes one day for the Earth to complete its rotation.
9. How many hours does the Earth take to complete its rotation?
A. 6 B. 12 C. 24 D. 48
10. Where does the Earth make a complete turn to make a day?
A. axis B. ellipse C. orbit D. tilted
Additional Activities
Rotation
(Spin)
24 hours
Revolution
(Orbit)
365 ¼ days
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Lesson
Effects of the Earth’s
2 Motion
In this module you are going to learn about the effects of the Earth’s
motion.
What’s In
A. Write TRUE if the statement is correct or FALSE if not. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Column A Column B
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What’s New
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What is It
Daytime Nighttime
It takes 365 ¼ days for Earth to complete one revolution around the
Sun. This period defines a year. In some countries, this movement of the Earth
causes the four seasons--summer, autumn, winter, and spring. Why are
there four seasons in some countries?
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Different parts of the Earth have different seasons throughout the year
because of the Earth’s revolution, and the tilt of its axis. As the Earth moves
around the Sun, the Earth’s axis is always tilted in the same direction
throughout its orbit. As a result, different parts of the Earth receive different
amounts of sunlight at different times of the year.
Summer begins in the northern hemisphere on June 21 or 22. During
this time, the North Pole is tilted to its full 23.5 degrees towards the Sun. The
northern hemisphere experiences its longest daylight period. At the same
time, the southern hemisphere experiences its shortest daylight.
March 21st
beginning of spring
September 23rd
beginning of autumn
The Sun and the four seasons
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The four seasons do not occur in the Philippines because it is located
near the equator or below 30 degrees latitude. It does experience the local
season: dry and wet seasons (Padpad, et al., 2017)
What’s More
Activity 1
Activity 2
A. Write YES if the statement is correct or NO if it is not. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. There are four seasons in some countries.
2. The revolution of the Earth causes day and night.
3. During summer, the North Pole is tilted to its full 23.5 degrees toward the
Sun.
4. During winter the northern hemisphere experiences its shortest daylight
period.
5. Different parts of the Earth received different amounts of sunlight at
different times of the year.
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B. Match the items in column A with the items in column B by writing
the letter of the correct answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Column A Column B
6. June 21 or 22 A. start of winter
7. December 21 or 22 B. yearly equinox
8. Rotation of the Earth C. spring equinox
9. Equal day and night on March 21 D. start of summer
10. Equal day and night on September 23 E. autumnal equinox
F. causes of day and night
Activity 3
A. Fill in the blanks by choosing the correct word in the box. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
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What I Have Learned
Complete the statements below by choosing the correct word in the box.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
The rotation of the Earth causes (1) _____________. Places facing the
Sun experience (2) _____________ while those facing away from the Sun
experience (3) _____________. Earth’s rotation affects the flow of air and water
on Earth. The diversion of direction is called (4) _____________.
Twice a year, the daylight and nighttime periods are of (8) _____________
length. On March 21, the length of the day and night is equal and it is called
(9) _____________or vernal equinox. On September 23, the day and night are
again of equal length and it is called (10) _____________.
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What I Can Do
Based on the illustration given, answer the questions below. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
4)
1) 3)
2)
Write the date and season in every position of the Earth shown in the
illustration.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. What causes day and night on Earth?
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Assessment
Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.
4. When the northern hemisphere is pointing towards the Sun, what season
is it?
A. autumn C. summer
B. spring D. winter
5. On March 21, the length of the day and night is equal, what is it called?
A. autumnal equinox C. summer
B. spring equinox D. winter
6. What happens when a side of the Earth is facing away the Sun?
A. it is daytime C. it is nighttime
B. it is fulltime D. it is noontime
7. What is the season in southern hemisphere when the North Pole is tilted
away from the Sun?
A. autumn C. summer
B. spring D. winter
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8. On September 23, the day and night are again of equal length, what is it
called?
A. the autumnal equinox C. the summer time
B. the spring equinox D. the winter time
9. From December to February, Earth’s axis is pointing away from the Sun.
What is the season in the northern hemisphere?
A. autumn C. summer
B. spring D. winter
10. What time of day is it in your location when the other part of the Earth is
facing the Sun?
A. daytime C. nighttime
B. midnight D. noontime
Additional Activities
Rotation
Revolution
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What I Know What’s In What’s New What’s More What’s More
1. B 1. D
2. D 2. D 1. counterclockwise Activity 1
3. C 3. W 2. rotation 1. NO Activity 2
4. C 4. W 3. orbit 2. YES 1. revolution
5. C 5. W 4. axis 3. NO 2. TRUE
6. TRUE 6. W 5. revolution 4. NO 3. TRUE
7. FALSE 7. D 6. elliptical 5. YES 4. 23.5
8. TRUE 8. D 6. YES 5. rotation
9. TRUE 9. D 7. YES 6. elliptical
10. TRUE 10. W 8. NO 7. TRUE
9. YES 8. TRUE
10. YES 9. imaginary
10. TRUE
What I Can Do
What’s More What I have Assessment
Learned
Possible answers: 1. A
Activity 3 1. 24 2. B
1. B 2. rotation -Rotation is the movement 3. D
2. D of the Earth on its axis. It 4. B
3. west to east
3. C takes the Earth 24 hours 5. B
4.counterclockwise 6. A
4. E or one day to complete its
5. A 5. 23.5 7. B
rotation. It rotates from 8. C
6. Rotation is the 6. revolution
west to east or 9. C
movement of the 7. 365 ¼
Earth on its axis. counterclockwise direction 10. A
8. elliptical and tilted 23.5 degrees.
7. from west to
east/counterclock 9. perihelion
wise 10. aphelion -Revolution is the
8. one day movement of the Earth
9. Revolution is the around the Sun. It takes
movement of the the Earth a year or 365 ¼
Earth around the days to revolve around the
Sun.
Sun. It travels in a path or
10. one year
orbit.
Additional Activities
Rotation is the movement of the Earth on
its axis.
Revolution is the movement of the Earth
around the Sun.
Lesson 1- Rotation and Revolution of the Earth
Answer Key
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What’s In What’s More What’s More What’s More
1. TRUE Activity 1 Activity 2
2. TRUE 1. RE 1. YES Activity 3
3. FALSE 2. RO 2. NO 1. axis
4. TRUE 3. RO 3. YES 2. Earth
5. FALSE 4. RO 4. YES 3. longest daylight
6. A 5. RE 5. YES 4. direction
7. F 6. RE 6. D 5. revolves
8. E 7. RE 7. A 6. Because of the rotation
9. D 8. RO 8. F of the Earth on its axis.
10. B 9. RE 9. C / Because of the
10. RE 10. E movement of the Earth
on its axis.
7. nighttime
8. four seasons / changes
of seasons
9. no
10. Because Philippines is
located near the
equator or below 30
degrees latitude
Additional Activities
Answers may vary
Rotation
Cause
Movement of the Earth
What I have What I Can Do Assessment on its axis.
Learned Effects
1. June 21 or 22 - 1. C -day and night
Summer 2. A
1. day and night Hours/Day
2. September 23- 3. A
2. daytime -24 hours/1 day
4. C
3. nighttime Autumnal Equinox Revolution
5. B
4. Coriolis Effect 3. December 21 or 6. C Cause
5. seasons 22 - Winter 7. C Movement of the Earth
6. summer 4. March 21 – 8. A around the Sun.
7. winter Spring Equinox 9. D Effects
8. equal 10. C *Seasons in other parts
5. Rotation of the
9. spring of the world)
Earth on its axis/
equinox -spring
Earth’s rotation on
10. autumnal -winter
its axis.
equinox -summer
-autumn
-wet and dry - in the
Philippines
Hours/Days
-365 ¼ days or 1 year
Lesson 2- Effects of the Earth’s Motion
Answer Key
References
Padpad, E. C. The New Science Link 6. Manila, Philippines: Rex Bookstore, Inc. 2017. pages 443-444
Sarte, E. T., Garcia, E. T., Lopez, E. A., Dela Cruz, M. J. G., & Arradaza, H. A. Science Beyond Borders
6. Quezon City, Philippines: Vibal Group, Inc. 2016. pages 208-210
Villanueva, F. J. Z., Del Prado, N. A., & Gaviola, J. M. E. Conceptual Science Science and Beyond 6.
Novaliches, Quezon City, Philippines: Brilliant Creations Publishing, Inc. 2015. pages 261- 268
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