Bachelor'S Degree in Civil Engineering: Project Report

PROJECT REPORT
ON
ANALYSIS & DESIGN OF MULTI-STOREY BUILDING
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD

OF THE
BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

CONFERRED BY
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
SUBMITTED BY
AVINASH BARVE (05)
DIPIKA INGLE (19)
RASIKA MHATRE (35)
TANMAY PEDNEKAR (52)
GUIDE
PROF. HARSHAL DESHPANDE
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SARASWATI EDUCATION SOCIETY’S
SARASWATI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

KHARGHAR, NAVI MUMBAI-410210
2020-2021
SARASWATI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
VISION
"To become center of Excellence in Engineering education and research."
MISSION
"To educate students to become quality technocrats for taking up

challenges in all facets of life."
Program Educational Objectives
 To provide sound foundation in mathematical, scientific and engineering

fundamentals necessary to analyze, formulate and solve engineering problems.
 To develop core competency in students by imparting in depth theoretical and practical

knowledge in civil engineering subjects.
 To provide relevant engineering experience in designing and conducting experiments as

well as analyzing the significance of the experimental data.
 To provide training to exhibit effective interpersonal skills in teams and at work place.
 To inculcate the habit of lifelong learning for career development through

higher studies, professional development courses, industrial training etc.
 To impart technical knowledge, ethical values for professional development of the

student to solve complex problems and to work in multi-disciplinary ambience, whose
solutions will lead to significant societal benefits.
Programme outcome
At the end of the program, a student will be able:

 To apply knowledge in mathematics, science and engineering subjects.
 To identify, formulate and solve engineering problems.
 To conduct experiments to interpret data and analyze the results.
 To design system components or processes to satisfy the needs of the society within
realistic constraints such as economic, social, political, ethical, health, safety and
manufacturing.
 To function on multi-disciplinary teams.
 To understand professional and ethical responsibilities.
 To communicate effectively.
 To gain knowledge to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global,

environmental and social context.
 To understand the need and engage in life-long learning process.
 To gain knowledge on contemporary issues, and
 To use techniques, skills and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering
practice.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Project Report entitled “Analysis & Design Of Multi-
storey Building” duly submitted by the following students:
AVINASH BARVE (05)
DIPIKA INGLE (19)
RASIKA MHATRE (35)
TANMAY PEDNEKAR (52)
has been successfully completed in a satisfactory manner as a part of first stage of

the project in a partial fulfilment of requirements for award of Bachelor’s Degree in
Civil Engineering conferred by the University of Mumbai.
Project Guide Project Coordinator

Prof. Harshal Deshpande Prof. Asmita B. Lakhote
HOD, Civil Dept. (Shift-II) Principal (S.C.O.E).

Prof. Pooja Somani Dr. Manjusha Deshmukh
APPROVAL SHEET
This thesis entitled “Analysis & Design of Multi-storey Building” by the following
students:
1. AVINASH BARVE (05)

2. DIPIKA INGLE (19)
3. RASIKA MHATRE (35)
4. TANMAY PEDNEKAR (52)
are approved for the Degree of Bachelor of Civil Engineering.
Internal
Examiner
External
Examiner
Date: - / / 20
Place: - SCOE, Kharghar, Navi-Mumbai

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is a genuine pleasure to express our deep sense of thanks and gratitude to our mentor and
guide Prof. Harshal Deshpande, Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Saraswati
College of Engineering. His dedication and keen interest in the Field of Structures is responsible for
completion of our project. His timely advice, meticulous scrutiny, scholarly advice have helped we
to a very great extent to accomplish this project.
We are thankful to our Project Co-ordinator, Prof. Asmita Lakhote, Assistant Professor,
Civil Engineering Department, Saraswati College of Engineering, for helping us and giving her
useful insights in this project.
We are extremely thankful to Prof, Pooja Somani, Head of Department, Civil

Engineering Department (II Shift), Saraswati College of Engineering for providing his kind help
and co-operation throughout our study period.
We are thankful to, Dr. Manjusha Deshmukh, Principal, Saraswati College of

Engineering, for helping us and co-operation throughout our study period.
ABSTRACT
The main objective of this project is to analyse and design a multi-story building
(G+20), the design of reinforced concrete slabs, beams, columns, footings and staircase
were made by hand calculations according to IS code and compare the results by using
software.
This project is deal with many computer programs to help us to complete the
work. An excel programs were designed to calculate the moments in slabs using method
two with interpolations to factors and loads in beams with moments and design section
and reinforcement. This program is more effective for analysis the two-way slab; by
inter a few numbers of variables that related with type of slab and the dimension of beam
and Columns and the expected applied load. Then the program calculated the
combination load that will be applied on the frame; and then check the thickness of slab
with the limitation of shear. Then the program divided the slab to several frame in the
two directions vertical and horizontal; and calculate the details moment for each part of
span; and then calculate the required area of steel for each moment.
Keywords: G+20 RC Building, Multi-storey Building, Software, Manually

calculations.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER TITLE Pg. no

NO
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 General 1
1.2 Reinforced Concrete 3
1.3 Structural Elements 3
1.4 Need of Work 5
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 General 7
2.2 Finding of Literature review 9
3. AIM & OBJECTIVES 10
4. ANALYSIS & DESIGN 12

4.1 Structural Designing 13
4.2 Structural Planning 13
4.3 Estimation of Loads 20
5. METHODOLOGY 22
5.1 Methodology 23
5.2 Assumption of Problem Statement 23
5.3 Drafting Plan of G+20 Building 25
5.4 Structural Layout of Building in AutoCAD 27
5.5 Structural Layout Plan 28
5.6 Structural Layout in Staad-Pro 29
5.7 Layout of Beam with number 30
5.8 Assigning Loads 31
5.9 Dimensioning of Beams & Columns 31
5.10 B.M & Area of Steel (Ast) 32
5.11 Design of concrete 32
5.12 Manually Calculated Values 32
6. ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE 38
6.1 Wind Load Analysis 39
6.2 Seismic Load Analysis 40
6.3 Working on Staad-Pro 41
7. RESULTS 47
7.1 Design of Beam 48
7.2 Design of Column 49
7.3 Calculation of Loads 51
7.4 Seismic Parameters 51
7.5 Joint Weights 52
7.6 Reinforcement Details of Respective Beam 53
7.7 Reinforcement Details of Column 55
8. CONCLUSION 57
9. FUTURE SCOPE 59
10. REFERENCES 61
LIST OF FIGURES
SR NO. TITLE Pg no.

1. Reinforced Section 4
2. Slabs 4
3. Positioning of Columns 16
4. Layout & Spanning of Stairs 19
5. Selected Plan of Multi-Storey Structure 25
6. Parking Floor Plan 26
AutoCAD Layout for Plan 27
7. Structural Layout of Building 28
8. Structural Layout in STAAD Pro V8i 29
9. Numbering of Beams 30
10. 3D Rendering 42
11. Bending Momem Diagram 42
12. Shear Force Diagram 43
13. Axial Force Diagram 43
14. Load Definition 44
15. Wind Load Diagram 45
16. Output File 46
17. Layout of Beam 48
18. Reinforcement Details of Beam 49
19. Reinforcement Details of Column 50
20. Seismic Parameters 52
21. Joint Weight 52
22. Reinforcement Details of Beam 6402 53
23. Reinforcement Details of Column 11778 55
LIST OF TABLES
SR NO. TITLE Pg no.
1. Beam Dimensions 31
2. Column Dimensions 31
3. Wind Load Calculation 40
4. Beam Details 48
5. Column Details 49
6. Calculation of Loads 51
Analysis & Design of Multi-Storey Building
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
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Department of Civil Engineering (Shift-II), SCOE, Kharghar
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
There is growing responsiveness of multi-storey reinforced concrete
structures, to accommodate growing population. Generally, such structures have prismatic
sections which are common in developing countries, which resist applied loads without
any appreciable deformation of one-part relative to another. It is the need to accomplish
some function, one of them is to receive loads (usually known as service loads) at certain
points & transmit them safely to other points, that prompts the designer to give life to a
structure furthermore since it is the need for a safe, serviceable, feasible and aesthetically
pleasing fulfilment of a structure. The ultimate aim of structural analysis is to design all
the structural elements of a structural system in such a way that they perform their
functions satisfactorily and at the same time assist design to become efficient, elegant and
economical which helps to choose the right type of sections consistent with economy
along with safety of the structure.
Many structures are built of reinforced concrete: bridges, viaducts,

buildings, retaining walls, tunnels, tanks, conduits, and others. This deals primarily with
fundamental principles in the design and investigation of reinforced concrete members
subjected to axial force, bending moment, shear, torsion, or combinations of these. Thus
these principles are basically applicable to the design of any type of structure, so long as
information is known about the variation of axial force, shear moment, etc., along the
length of each member. Although analysis and design may be treated separately, they are
inseparable in practice, especially in the case of reinforced.
The multi-storey building is statically indeterminate structure and there are several
methods to analysis this structure such as method three and moment distribution, etc.
To analyse and design the multi-storey building we must analyse and design the
elements that combined it, such slabs, beams, columns and footing. Large amounts of
concrete are used in the construction industry in Iraq and most countries due to its
availability. Concrete is arguably the most important building material, playing a role in
all structures. It has the virtue of versatility, i.e., its ability to be moulded to take different
shapes n the structural work. It is also very durable and fire resistant with good control
and correct construction procedures are followed.
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1.2 Reinforced Concrete
Reinforced concrete is simply concrete in which steel bars with desirable

magnitude are introduced in the casting stage; the resulting composite material can resist
the stresses developed by the external loads. The revolutionary engineering concept of
reinforcing the weak tensile zone of the concrete with steel bars was developed in the
mid-19th century. The early 20th century witnessed significant improvement in the
development and use of reinforced concrete mainly due to the production of a good
quality concrete with improved strength and the improved quality of steel with surface
characteristics suitable to develop a good bond with the steel and concrete.
1.3 Structural Elements
1.Beams:
A beam is a structural element that primarily resists loads applied laterally to the
beam’s axis. Its mode of deflection is primarily by bending. The loads applied to the
beams result in reaction forces at the beam’s support points. The total effect of all the
forces acting on the beam is to produce shear forces and bending moments within the
beams that in turn induce internal stresses, strains and the deflection of the beam. Beams
transfer load from slabs to columns, beams are designed for bending. In general, we have
three types of beam: singly reinforced beam, doubly reinforced beam and flanged beam.
2.Columns:
A column or strut is a compression member, which is used primary to support

axial compressive loads and with a height of at least three it is least lateral dimension.
Column that carries the load down to foundation must have means to transfer the loads
without over stressing foundation material.
3.Slabs:
Slabs are most widely used structural elements used structural elements forming
floor and roof of building. Slab support mainly transverse load and transfer them to
supports by bending actions more or one direction. On the basis of spanning direction, it is
divided into Two types one way slab and two-way slab.
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4.Footing:
Foundations are structural elements that transfer loads from the building or
individual column to the earth. If these loads are to be properly transmitted, foundations
must be designed to prevent excessive settlement or rotation, to minimize differential
settlement and to provide adequate safety against sliding and overturning.
Fig 1.1: Reinforced Section
Fig 1.2: Slabs
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1.4 Need of Work
There has been a rapid increase in the number of multi-storey buildings for
commercial as well as residential purposes. Structural designers are always attracted
towards multi-storey buildings all over the world. There has been a lot of advances in the
field of construction in recent years. New methods of design and construction are being
introduced every year. Since the population is increasing day by day, so the demand for
multistorey structure is also increasing. In order to fulfill this demand we need to find out
an easy way for design and analysis which can be done with the help of software.
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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY
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LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 General
Various relevant literatures were studied and suitable were selected to design the
structural components of the selected G+20 structure. A brief review of all these literatures is
presented in this chapter.
P. Leela Krishna (2020), et.al published paper on "Analysis and Design of (G+20)
multistorey Residential Building using STAAD Pro” The code refer for this project are NBC,
DS 456-2000), Sp16. The concrete mix used in this project is M30. The used of computer
aided tools in structure analysis & design has been proven to be effective from result output.
R. Sanjaynath, Mr. K. Prabin Kumar, (2018), et.al published paper on “Planning,

Analysis and Design of (G+20) Multi-Storey Residential Building using STAAD. Pro”
and get proper awareness of right designing & detailing of building. First planning is
done using AUTOCAD. The design involves load calculations manually structure is
analyse using STAAD PRO. Deflection & shear tests are checked for beams, columns &
slabs & the tests Proved to be safe.
Narla Mohan, A. Mounika Vardhan (2017), et.al published paper on “Analysis of

(G+20) RC Building in Different zones Using ETABS” & Studied on behaviour of multi
storied RC building Irregular in subjected to earthquake load by adopting response
Spectrum. The analysis carried with the help of FEM Software ETABS. Different values
Seismic zone factor are taken their corresponding effects we interpreted in the results.
A. Pavan Kumar Reddy. R. Master Praveen Kumar (2017), et.al Published paper on
“Analysis of G+ 30 Highrise Buildings by Using ETABS for Various Frame In zone IV
zone V and the behaviour of high-rise structure for both the scheme is studied of got the
results from mathematical model for model Details of each & every member will be
obtained by ETABS
Borugadda Raju, Mr. R. Rattaiah (2015), et.al Published paper on “Analysis & Design
of High -rise Building (G+30) Using STAAD. PRO" and involves very Popular designing
Software STAAD PRO because its be the capability to calculate reinforcement for any
concrete section. The programme contains Parameters the design per IS: 456(2000).
Mr. A P Patil, Mr. A.A Choudhari, Mr. V.V Patole, Ms. A. D. Dange (2017), et.al
Published paper on “Design & Analysis of multi storeyed Building (G+ 10) By Using
STAAD Pro V8i (Series4) and involves Staad modelling. The design involves load
calculations & analysing the whole structure by STAAD Pro. Limit state design
conforming to Indian standard code of Practice.
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D.R. Deshmukh, A.k. Yadav, S.N. Supekar, I.M. Jain (2016), et. al Published Paper
on” Analysis & Design of (G +19) storied Building Using STAAD-Pro" and applied
various load like wind static, earthquake & results are studied compared by manual
calculation. STAAD- PRO provides fast efficient, easy to use & accurate platform for
analysing designing structure.
Azhar. Sarang Piyush Jain, Jaykumar Lodha (2018), et. al Published paper on”
Design and analysis for (G+14) RCC Structure” with presence of shear wall has been
found to be more economic & safer as compared to brick masonary wall & involves
design & analysis of (G+14) RCC structure like AUTOCAD & STAAD Pro which
provide my maximum optimization in terms of Safety and expenditure.
T. Dinesh Kumar, Mohammed Ibrahim, Mohammed Akbar Khan (2019), et.al

published Paper on “Design and analysis & design of high-rise building using STAAD
Pro”. And concentrated on analysis & design of multi-storeyed Residential building with
all possible case of loading using STAAD PRO. The deflection of various members
under given loading combination are checked.
Shaikh Ibrahim, Md Arifuzzaman, Sagar Biswas (2019), et.al Published paper on "
Design & Analysis of Residential Building Planning, Analysis & Design of (G+4)
residential building Structure by using IS- Code method, manually designed & over
verifies by using software. Different load active on member (beam, column) are
considered according to the code IS: 875.
2.2 Finding of Literature Review
After a review of all the available literatures it can be said that the design of high-rise
structures is one the most important and critical phenomenon in the current civil industry.
Various methods and software’s are incorporated in the process of analysis and design of the
structures. High-rise structures have multiple numbers of structural components that tend to
make the design more complex and require insurance of structural stability. Design of high-
rise structures can be done using automated software’s viz Means, Etabs, STAAD.pro. Brief
summary can be stated as follows:
 The analysis and design of high-rise structure can be done by software. Various
loading can be assigned in the software.
 Structural stability and provision of structural requirements as per codal provisions
can be easily applied and checked using software.
 The advantages of using computer program are faster to analysis the structural
element and time consuming.
 By using software time is consumed and work is reduced.
18
 Various load like wind, static, earthquake is compared by manual calculations.

 We gain more knowledge in practical work when compared to theoretical work.
 The use of computer aided tools in structural analysis & design has been proven to be
effective from result output.
 Accuracy of the results depends upon the input accuracy.
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CHAPTER 3
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
20
AIM:
To Analyse and Design Multistorey RCC building of G+20.
OBJECTIVE:
1. To select suitable plan for G+20 RCC structure.

2. To create structural layout of selected structure.
3. To analyse the structure manually as per is codal provisions and using
STADD-Pro as well as manually component.
4. To design the structural component of the G+20 building and to present them
as result.
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CHAPTER 4
ANALYSIS & DESIGN
22
4.1 STRUCTURAL DESIGNING:
In the process of structural design involves following stages:
1. Structural planning,
2. Estimation of loads,
3. Analysis of structure,
4. Member design,
5. Drawing, detailing and preparation of schedules,
6. Design of model,
Reinforced concrete structures can be designed by using one of the following design
philosophies.
1. Working Stress method (WSM)
2. Ultimate load method (ULM)
3. Limit State method (LSM)
The latest I.S. code gives emphasis on limit state method which is the modified version of
ultimate load method. It is based on sound scientific principles backed up by 25 years of
research. The limit state method has proved to have an edge over the working stress
designs from the view point of economy.
4.2 STRUCTURAL PLANNING

This involves determination of the form of the structure, the material for the same,
the structural system, the layout of its components, the method of analysis, and the
philosophy of structural design.
For example, if a larger area is to be provided with a cover, the design is required to
decide first the appropriate form or system of the covering structure. He has to fix up
whether the roof shall consist of steel roof trusses and girder, or R.C. folded plates, or
R.C. shell or a cable stayed tension structure or a beam slab grid system, or a pre-stressed
23
hanging roof. or combination of above. The form and the system will have to decide from
the considerations of economy and aesthetics. After deciding the form and the system, the
designer is required to select material appropriate to the form. Of course, the choice of
material will also be governed by requirements of aesthetics, economy and the availability
of material. Once the form and the material to be used are finalised the layout of the
component members (e.g., positioning of columns, spacing of trusses, or beams,
configuration of trusses etc.) will be required to be determined. And finally, the designer
will have to choose the realistic design philosophy and the method of analysis appropriate
to the structural system and the material used.
The principal elements of a R.C. building frame are as follow:
1. Slabs to cover large area,

2. Beams to support slabs and walls,
3. Columns to support beams,
4. Footings to distribute concentrated column loads over a large area of supporting
soil.
After getting an architectural plan of the building, the structural planning of the building
frame is done. This involves determination of the following:
1. Column positions,
2. Beam locations,
3. Spanning of slabs,
4. Layout and planning of stairs,
5. Type of footing.
4.2.1 POSITIONING OF COLUMNS
Following are some of the guiding principles, which help in deciding the column
positions.
1. Columns should preferably be located at or near a corner of a building, and at the

intersections of walls, because basically the function of the column is to support
beams, which are normally placed under the walls to support them.
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2. When the centre-to-centre distance between the intersections of walls is large or

where there are no cross walls, the spacing between two columns is governed by
limitations on spans of supported beams, because spacing of columns decides the
span of the beam, and hence its self-weight, and the total load on beam increases. It
is well known that the moment governing the beam design varies with the square of
the span and directly with the load. Hence, with the increase in span, there is
considerable increase in the size of the beam. On the other hand, in the case of a
column, the increases rapidly with the span as compared to that of column.
Columns are, therefore, in general, always cheaper, compared to beams on the base
of unit cost. Therefore, larger span of beams should preferably be avoided for
economy reasons. This aspect is illustrated in Fig. In this case, either one column at
C can be provided making ACB a two-span continuous beam or two columns can
be provided at E and G to form AB a three-span continuous beam.
3. In the first case, spans AC and CB will be larger and the beam has to carry two-
point loads, one at E and the other at G, transferred from secondary beams. This
will require heavier section for the beam. In the later case, when two columns are
provided, one at E and other at G. The beam becomes a three-span beam. Length of
beam span is reduced and it is required to carry only one concentrated load and that
too on central span which further reduces the moment in outer spans AE and GB
without appreciable increase in design moment in portion EC leading to
considerable reduction in the cost of beam.
25
fig 4.1: Positioning of columns
4.2.2 POSITIONING OF BEAMS:
Following are some of the guiding principles for positioning of beams:

1. Beams should, normally, be provided under the walls or below a heavy concentrated
load to avoid these loads directly coming on slabs. Basic principle in deciding the
layout of component members is that heavy loads should be transferred to the
foundation along the shortest path.
2. Since beams are primarily provided to support slabs, its spacing shall be decided by
the maximum spans of slabs. Slab requires the maximum volume of concrete to carry
a given load (i.e., its volume/load ratio is very high compared to other components).
Therefore, the thickness of slab is required to be kept minimum.
4.2.3 SPANNING OF SLABS:
This is decided by the positions of supporting beams or walls. When the supports are only on
opposite sides or only in one direction, then the slab acts as one-way supported slab. When
the slab is supported in two perpendicular directions, it acts as two-way supported slab.
However, the two-way action of slab does not depend only on the manner in which it is
supported but also on the aspect ratio L/L (the ratio of long span L to short span L). the ratio
26
of reinforcement in the two directions (A/A, or M/M) and the boundary conditions.
Therefore. designer is free to decide as to whether the slab should be designed as one-way or
two-way. This decision may be taken considering the following points:
1. A slab acts two-way slab when the aspect ratio Ly/Lx < 2. A slab with Ly/Lx> 2
is designed as one way, since in that case one-way action is predominant. In
practice, however a slab is designed as a two way only when Ly/ Lx<2.
2. A two-way slab is generally economical compared to one-way slab because steel
along both the spans acts as main steel and transfers the load to all the four
supports, while in one-way slab, main steel is provided along the short span only
and the load is transferred to two opposite supports only. The steel along the long
span just acts as distribution steel is not designed for transferring the load.
3. The two-way action is advantageous essentially for large spans (greater than 3m)
and for live loads greater than 3kN/m². For short spans and light loads, steel
required two-way slab does not differ appreciably as compared to steel for one-
way slab because of the requirement of minimum steel.
4. A slab having supports on all sides but having Ly/Lx<2 can made to act as a one-
way slab spanning across the short span by providing main steel along the short
span and only distribution steel along the long span. In such case, provision of
more steel in one direction increases the stiffness of the slab in that direction.
According to elastic theory, the distribution of load being proportional to stiffness
in two orthogonal directions, major Joad is transferred along the stiffer short span
and the slab behaves as one-way.
4.2.4 LAYOUT OF STAIRS
The type of stair and its layout is governed essentially by the available size of staircase room
and the positions of beams and columns along the boundary of the staircase. Following are
useful guide lines to deciding the layout of stairs:
1. The stair slabs, in general, are heavy compared to floor slabs because of:
i. Heavy dead load due to inclined length of slab acting over horizontal span,
and due to the additional weight of steps.
ii. Greater live load on stairs than that of floors. Therefore, longer spans for
the flights are avoided as far as possible.
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2. Stair flights shall preferably be supported on beams or walls. Supporting the flight
on landing slab should be avoided as far as possible especially when the span of
landing slab exceeds twice the width of stair, because this causes stress
concentrations in the supporting landing slab at their junction.
3. Wherever possible, landing beams may be provided at the end of flight to reduce
the span. For example, in Figure 3.2 Beams can be provided either at AB or at EF
on one side and at GH or at CD on the other side. Beams at EF and GH not only
reduce the span of stair slab but the landing slabs beyond EF or GH acts as
cantilever which reduce the span of stair slab but the landing slabs beyond EF or
GH acts as cantilevers which reduce the design moment at mid-span giving double
benefit and hence this arrangement is most economical Supporting stair slabs
along AB and CD is uneconomical. When the provision of a mid-landing, the
flight may be supported on landing slab itself. The landing slab may be made to
span transversely across AE and BF on walls or on bracket beam taken out from
the columns as shown in Figure.
4. If the span of flight is greater than 4.5 meter, the flight may be supported on a
central stringer beam spanning across AB and CD and the steps of the stair flight
cantilevering out from the stringer beam on both sides. This arrangement is
aesthetically excellent for public buildings like hotels, theatres, banks, etc. See
figure 4.2.
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Fig.4.2 Layout and spanning of stairs
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4.2.5 SELECTION OF FOOTING
The type of footing depends upon the load carried by the column and the bearing
capacity of the supporting soil. For framed structures under study, isolated column footings
are normally preferred except in case of soils with very low bearing capacities. If such soil or
black cotton soil exists for greater depths, pile foundations can be an appropriate choice. If
columns are very closely spaced and the bearing capacity of the soil is low, raft foundation
can also be an alternative solution. For a column on a boundary line, a combined footing or a
strap footing may be provided.
4.3 ESTIMATION OF LOADS
Loads and properties of materials constitute the basic parameters affecting the
design of a R.C. structure. Both of them are basically of varying nature. For such a
quantity of varying nature, it is necessary to arrive at a single representative value. Such a
value is known as characteristic value. The value to be taken in design which provides
appropriate or desired margin of safety is known as Design value. Ration of the two
greater than unity is known as Partial Factor of safety.
1) Characteristic Load (Fck):

It is defined as that value of the load which has 9% probability of not being
exceeded during the life time of the structure. It can be determined using statistical
probabilistic principles from the mean value and standard deviation. However.
This requires large amount of statistical data. But since such data are not available
at present to express the load in statistical form, Code recommends to take
working loads service loads, decided in the past using the principle of equivalent
load giving the same maximum effect and which are based on past experience and
judgement, as the characteristic loads.
2) Design Load (Fd)
It is given by Fd=Yf. Fck
Where, Fck= characteristic load
Yf= partial safety factor for load (> 1)
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4.3.1 TYPES OF LOADS
The various types of loads acting on a structure which need consideration in building design
are as follows:
1. Dead loads: The dead load on a frame is calculated floor-wise and consists of
permanent or fixed loads, e.g.: -weight of floor, girders, walls etc. as per IS 875 (Part
1) 2005.
2. Live loads: The magnitude of live loads depends upon the type of occupancy of the
building and is according to IS 875 (Part 2)-2005.
3. Wind loads: First of all, the wind load was defined as per IS code 875 (Part3). These
loads relay on the rate of the wind at the situation of the structure, permeableness of
the structure, height of the structure etc. They will be horizontal or inclined forces.
4. Seismic loads: Seismic loading is one of the basic concepts of earthquake engineering
which means application of an earthquake-generated agitation to a structure.
 Dead loads
It includes (a) self-weight, (b) weights of finishes, (e) weights of partitions, walls,
grills etc. With reference to IS 875 (Part 1)-2005.
 Live loads
Live loads live loads on roofs and on floors are taken according to IS 875 (Part 2)-
2005.
 Wind loads
Wind load are specified in IS 875 (Part 3) -2005.
 Seismic loads
Seismic load values were calculated as per IS 1893-2002.
31
CHAPTER 5
METHODOLOGY
32
5.1 METHODOLOGY
The working flow chart is as below:
5.2 ASSUMPTION OF PROBLEM STATEMENT
Design a G+20 Structure for a layout:
 Type of building- Residential building
 Type of structure- Multi-Storey framed structure
 No of store - G+20
 Location- Mumbai
 Floor to floor height- 3m
 Height of plinth- 0.6m
33
 Height of Building- 64m
 No. of Flats per floor-4
 Total no. of Flats- 80
 Slab thickness- 150mm
 Wall thickness- 230mm
 Staircase: Dog-legged
 No of lifts- 2
INPUT DESIGN PARAMETER:
 Live load- 2.0 KN/m2
 Floor Finish- 1.0 KN/m2
 Terrace Finish- 1.0 KN/m2
 Clear cover- 40mm
 Fck- 40N/mm²
 Fy- 500N/mm²
 Grade of concrete & steel used: used M40 concrete & Fe500 steel
34
5.3 DRAFTING PLAN OF G+20 BUILDING:
35
Fig5.1: Selected plan of multi-storeyed structure
Fig 5.2: Parking floor plan
36
5.4 STRUCTURAL LAYOUT OF THE BUILDING IN AUTOCAD:
37
Fig 5.3: AutoCAD layout for selected plan
5.5 STRUCTURAL LAYOUT OF THE BUILDING
The structural layout of the building is prepared in AUTOCAD from Architectural plan of
the building by deciding the position of the beams and columns.
38
Fig 5.4: Structural layout of the building
5.6 STRUCTURAL LAYOUT OF THE BUILDING IN STADD-PRO
The structural layout of the building which is prepared in AutoCAD from architectural plan
of the building by deciding the position of the beams and columns is used to prepare the
structural layout of the building in STADD-Pro.
39
Fig 5.5: Structural layout in STADD-Pro
40
5.7 LAYOUT OF BEAM WITH NUMBER
Fig 5.6: Numbering of Beams
41
5.8 ASSIGNING LOADS
1. Dead load:
i) As per IS 875 (Part 1) -1987.
ii) Volume x unit weight
iii) Total dead load = self-weight +FF
iv) Assume FF=1 KN/m²
2. Live load:
i) Minimum design live load specified by IS 875 (Part 2)-1987.
ii) Live load considered in analysis: 3000 N/m².
5.9 DIMENSIONING OF BEAMS AND COLUMNS

The dimensions of beams and columns were assumed. The beam numbering and column
grouping is carried out.
Table 5.1: Beam dimensions
Beam type Dimensions (mm)

External Beam 230 x 600
Internal Beam 230 x 600
Table 5.2: Column dimensions
Floor No. Dimensions (mm)

1-3 230 x 600
4-6 230 x 600
7-10 230 x 600
42
5.10 BENDING MOMENT AND AREA OF STEEL (Ast)
The maximum bending moment of beams and columns were calculated and critical beam
and column were found out. The designing of beams and columns is done for three floor
each. For every three floors one critical beam and column is taken into consideration for
designing.
5.11 DESIGN OF CONCRETE
Generally, concretes are strong in compression and very negligible (almost zero) to the
tension. So reinforced (steel bars) are provided to resist the tension and to counteract the
moment which can't resist by the concrete. The partial safety factor for concrete generally
taken as 1.5 due to non-uniform compaction and inadequate curing and partial safety factor
for steel is taken as 1.15. The compressive strength of concrete is always taken as because it
is always lesser than the cube strength. So, for design work the maximum strength of
concrete is taken as:
0.67fck/1.5 = 0.45fck and for steel is fy/1.15 = 0.87fy.
5.12 MANUALLY CALCULATED VALUES:
5.12.1 SLAB DESIGN VALUES
TWO WAY SLAB (SIMPLY SUPPORTED)
Ly = 4m
Lx = 3.38m
Fy = 500 N/mm²
Fck = 40 N/mm²
LL = 3 kN/m²
43
FF = 1 kN/m2
S1 = Ly/Lx = 4/3.38 = 1.18 < 2 (two-way slab)
Step 1. Depth by deflection criteria:
d = Lx/26x1.4 = 3380/26x1.4 = 92.85 ≈ 95mm
Assume eff. Cover = 20 mm
D = 95 +20 = 115mm
d = D = 20 = 115 - 20 = 95mm
Step 2. Effective Span
Lex= 3380 mm
Ley = 4000mm
Step 3. Load calculation (Assume 1m wide strip of slab)
a) self weight = b x D x ρ = 1 x 0.115 x 25 = 2.87 kN/m

b) Live Load = 3x1 = 3 kN/m
c) Floor finish = 1x1 = 1kN/m
Total Factored load = 1.5 x 6.87 = 10.305 KN/m
5.12.2 BEAM DESIGN VALUES
M40 Grade of steel
Fe500 Grade of concrete
Floor to floor height = 3m
Span = 4000mm
b = 250mm (assume width)
D = 4000/10 = 400mm
Effective cover = 40mm
44
d = 400-40 = 360mm
Effective size of beam = 250 x 360mm
Slab thickness S1 = 115mm
Step1: Load on beam
a) self weight of beam =b x (D-thick of S1) x ρ
=0.25 x (0.4-0.115) x 25
=1.781KN/m²
b) wt. from slab = width of wall x ht. of wall x ρ of wall
= 0.23 x (floor height-depth of beam)
= 0.23 x (3-0.4) x 20=11.96KN/m
c) wt. from slab, S1 = Wley/2 x (1-1/3β²)

= 6.87 x 3.38/2 x (1-1/3 x 1.05²)
= 16.64KN/m
Total factored load=1.5 x (1.781+11.96+16.64) = 45.57 KN.m
45
5.12.3 COLUMN DESIGN VALUES
Column Direction of loads To
L→ R← DN↓ UP↑
Beam Load Beam Load Beam Load Beam Load
PB _ PB15 27.34 PB _ PB1 19.238 46.
C1 FBX20 _ FB15X20 45.57X20 FBX20 _ FB1X2 32.06X20 155
RB _ RB15 36.47 RB _ RB1 25.65 62.
GROSS LOAD 1
Pu = 1661.37 x 1.33 = 2209.62KN
Unsupported length, l = floor ht. – D = 3000 – 400 = 2600mm
fck = 40N/mm², fy = 500N/mm²
5.12.4 STAIRCASE DESIGN VALUES
Floor to floor height = 3m.
Height of each Flight 3/2 = 1.5m.
Riser 150 mm (assumed)
Tread 300 mm (assumed)
46
No. of Risers in cash flight = 1500/150 = 10 nos.
Fck = 40 N/mm2
Fy = 500 N/mm²
Clear cove = 25mm.
Step1.Effective span of Stair
Width of Staircase 1.25m
Total span = 0.1m
(1.25+0.1+1.25) = 2.6m
width of Landing = 4.8- (9 x 0.3) = 2.1m
width of landing = 2.1/2 = 1.05m
No. of treads in each flight = No. of rises in each Flight -1
= 10-1
= 9 nos
Flight height = 8 = 1.5m.
Step2.Projected length of staircase = Tread width x no of tread x (width of landing)
= 0.3 x 9 x (1.05 +1.05) = 4.80m
Inclined length of staircase = 1.05+√ (10 × 0·15) ² + (9 x 0.3) ² + 1.05 = 5.189 m
Step3. Loading on staircase,
Consider,
Waist slab thickness = 0.150m
Self weight of staircase = 0.15 x 25 = 0.375m
Floor finish = 1.5 kN/m²
Live load = 3.0 kN/m²
47
Total load,
Dead weight of staircase = [ 25 x 0.15 + 1.5] x 5.189 x 1.25
= 5.25 x 5.189 x 1.25 = 34.00
Total wt. of steps = 1/2 x riser width x width of staircase x No. of risers
= [ (1/2 x 0.15 x 0.3) x 1.25 x 10] x 25 = 7.03
Live load on staircase = live load x projected length
= 3 x 4.8 x 1.25
= 18
Total dead load = (Dead wt. of staircase + wt. of staircase /width of staircase x 2)
= 34.00 + 7.03/ 1.25 x 2 = 16.4 kN/m
Total live load = 18/1.25 x 2 = 7.2 kN/m
48
CHAPTER 6
ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE
49
6.1 WIND LOAD ANALYSIS
Wind load calculation
1.Vz = Vb x k1 x k2 x k3
where,
Vz = design wind speed at any height in m/s
K1 = probability factor (Risk coefficient] [5.3.1]
K2 = Terrain, height & structure size factor [5.3.2]
K3 =Topography factor [5.3.2]
2.Pz = 0.6Vz²
Calculation for K2,
Category – 3 (Terrain category) (clause 6.3.2.2)
By interpolation method
50m 1.12
64m 1.14
100m 1.20
Vz = 44 x 1 x 1.14 x 1 x 1 = 50.19
Pz = 0.6 x Vz ² = 1509.615 N/m² = 1.509 KN/m²
Exposure factor =1
The wind speed in the atmospheric boundary various with the height from zero at the ground
level to the maximum at the height called gradient height. The variation with height depends
primarily on the terrain conditions.
50
Terrain category -3 Class – C Using (IS 875 Part 3)
By interpolation method we can create the following table:
Table 6.1: wind load calculation
6.2 SEISMIC LOAD ANALYSIS
6.2.1 SEISMIC COEFFICIENT METHOD
IS-1893-2016
In this section, the method is described to find out base shear as per IS-1893-2016.
Base shear Vb=Ah×w [page17]
Ah=(Z/2×sa/g)/(R/I) [page 09]
sa/g=Design acceleration coeff. (Its dependence on type of soil and fundamental time period)
[page09]
R=Response reduction factor
(It depends on type of structure) [page 20; table09]
I = importance factor [page 19; table08]
= 1.5 for important structure like school, railway station
= 1.2 for residential or commercial not mentioned above
51
= 1.0for all other buildings
W = seismic weight
It is total dead load plus appropriate amount of specified imposed load (lL)[pg20]
The base shear is distributed laterally at each storey level and calculated as by;
Qi = wihi²/ΣWihi² x VB [page 23]
6.2.2 FUNDAMENTAL TIME PERIOD (T):
IS-1893-2016 [page21]
It is the first (longest) model time period of vibration.
It is calculated as;
a) For moment resisting frame without brick infill
T=0.075h (for RC framed building)
T=0.085h (for steel framed building)
b) For moment resisting frame with brick infill
T= 0.09h/√d
The calculated value of T either by (a)or (b)will be used to find sa/g along with soil type.
Seismic parameters:
Px = 0.9sec
Pz = 1.1sec
6.3 WORKING ON STADD PRO
6.3.1 INTRODUCTION OF STAAD PRO
It is one of the effective software which is used for the purpose of analysis and design
of structure by the structural engineers. Our project is aimed to complete with the help of
Staad.pro STAAD Pro gives more precise and accurate results than manual techniques
Features.
 Analysis and design tool

 GUI based modelling
 Input file/Output file
 Results as per Indian & other standards
52
 Report generation
6.3.2 ANALYSIS DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS
Step 1: Importing of centre line plan from AutoCAD in “.dxf” format.
Step 2: Representation of beams and columns. By using add beam command we had drawn
the beams and columns between the corresponding node points.
Step 3: 3D view of structure; here we have used the transitional repeat command to get 3D
view of structure.
Fig 6.1: 3D Rendering
53
Fig 6.2: Bending Moment diagram
Fig 6.3: Shear force diagram
Fig 6.4: Axial force diagram
54
Step 4: Supports and property assigning.
After the creation of structure, the supports at the base of structure are specified as
fixed. Also, the materials were specified and cross section beams and columns members was
assigned.
Step 5: Assigning of dead loads
Dead load is calculated as per IS 875 (Part 1) for external walls, internal walls and parapet
wall including self weight of structure.
55
Fig 6.5: Load Definition
Step 6: Assigning of live loads
Live loads are assigned for every floor as 3KN/m² based on IS 875(Part 2)
Step 7: Assigning of wind loads
Wind loads are defined as per IS 875 (Part 3) based on intensity calculated and exposure
factor. Then loads are shown below in +x direction.
Fig 6.6: Wind load diagram
Step 8: Adding of load combinations.
The load combinations are given with suitable factor of safety as per IS875 (Part 5).
Step 9: Analysis after the completion of all the above steps we have performed the analysis
and checked for errors.
56
Fig 6.7: Outfile
Step 10: Design.
Finally concrete design is performed as per IS 456:2000 by defining suitable design

commands for different structural components. After the assigning of commands again we
perform analysis for any errors.
57
CHAPTER 7
RESULTS
58
7.1:DESIGN OF BEAMS
The moment of beams is calculated using various load combinations. For every beam is taken
into consideration and area of steel is calculated.
Fig 7.1: Layout of beam
Beams are designed as per the layout shown in fig 7.1. The beams are of types namely;
secondary beam and main beam.
Table 7.1: Beam details
Beam no. Size of beam Moment inertia Ast

Ix Iy Iz Top Bottom Shear
149 230 x 600mm 1846.79m 608.35m 4140.00m 10-10mm# 3-16mm# 2L-8mm
1320 230 x 600mm 1846.79m 608.35m 4140.00m 2-25mm# 10-10mm# 2L-8mm
2480 230 x 600mm 1846.79m 608.35m 4140.00m 3-20mm# 6-12mm# 2L-8mm
59
Fig 7.2: Reinforcement details of beam
The reinforcement details of one of the Beam 1320 is shown in the fig.7.2.
7.2 DESIGN OF COLUMN
The moment of column is calculated using various loads. For every column is taken into
consideration and area of steel is calculated using bending moment.
Table 7.2: Column details
Column no. Size of column Moment inertia Ast

Ix Iy Iz
11812 500 x 500mm 8789.06m 5208.33m 5208.33m 28-12mm#
11816 500 x 500mm 8789.06m 5208.33m 5208.33m 20-12mm#
11821 500 x 500mm 8789.06m 5208.33m 5208.33m 20-12mm#
60
Fig 7.3: Reinforcement details of column
The reinforcement details of one of the columns 11816 is shown in fig.7.3.
61
7.3 CALCULATION OF LOADS
Our multi-storey building has 21 floors including ground floor. We will be dividing the load
calculation in three steps.
1. Slab load
2. Wall load
3. Member load
Table 7.3: calculation of loads
SLAB LOAD WALL LOAD MEMBER LOAD
 Dead load on slab =  Wall thickness= 230  Wall thickness=230

0.15* 25 (density of mm mm
concrete)
 Height of parapet  Height of parapet
 Floor finish= 1.5 wall=1.2m wall= 1.2m
KN/m²
 Height of wall=3m
 (O.23*20+0.04*24)
 Total Dead Load= *1.2= 6.67KN/m
5.25 KN/m²  Unit weight of brick =
20KN/m²
 Thickness of brick
wall (Including
plaster) = 40mm
 Load of wall =
(0.23*20+0.04*24)
*(3-0.6) =13.344
7.4 SEISMIC PRAMETERS
Load cases are generated by software and are accordance with Indian standards. Seismic
load: These loads are applied in X-direction and in Z-direction in STAAD Pro. These loads
will simulate the building as in actual condition during earthquake. All the loading is done
with the accordance with IS – 1893.
62
63
Fig 7.2: Seismic parameters
7.5 JOINT WEIGHTS
A Joint weight is calculated using the same procedure used for calculating a joint load
If a convenient way to consider the weight of fixtures on the structure is through a
concentrated weight applied at a joint, the JOINT WEIGHT is the appropriate means to do
so. It can also be used in cases such as modelling the weight associated with bolts, rivets,
gusset plates, etc. which are not usually considered part of the structural geometry.
For Joint Weight Calculation, introduces a pin support at all the beam-column
junction of the structure.
Fig 7.3: joint weight
7.6 REINFORECEMENT DETAILS OF RESPECTIVE BEAM (Beam No.6402)
The pattern of the property, shear bending, deflection and concrete design for one of the
samples Beam No. 6402
64
65
Fig 7.4: Beam property
66
Fig 7.5: Shear bending of Beam
Fig 7.6: Beam Deflection
67
Fig 7.7: Beam Concrete design
7.6 REINFORECEMENT DETAILS OF RESPECTIVE COLUMN (Column No.11778)

The pattern of the property, shear bending, deflection and concrete design for one of the
samples of Column No.11778
Fig 7.8: Column Property
68
Fig 7.9: Shear Bending of Column
Fig 7.10: Column Deflection
Fig 7.11: Column Concrete design
69
CHAPTER 8
CONCLUSION
70
CONCLUSION
The following conclusions were drawn:
 Designing using Software's like STAAD.pro reduces lot of time in design work.
 Details of each and every member can be obtained using STAAD Pro.
 The List of all failed members can be Obtained and also Better Section is given by the
software.
 Accuracy is improved by using software.
 The analysis and design of structure was carried out successfully. The designing of the
various members was done in check with the IS codes. The structure is designed as per
the provisions of IS 456:2000.
 Design for Shear: Shear reinforcement is calculated to resist both shear forces. Shear
capacity calculation at different sections without the shear reinforcement is based on the
actual tensile reinforcement provided by STAAD program. Two-legged stirrups are
provided to take care of the balanced shear forces acting on these sections.
 Beam design Output: The default design output of the beam contains flexural and shear
reinforcement provided along the length of the beam.
 Column Design: Columns are designs for axial forces and biaxial moments at the ends.
All active load cases are tested to calculate reinforcement. The loading which yields
maximum reinforcement is called critical load. Column design is done for critical section.
All major criteria for selecting longitudinal and transverse reinforcement as stipulated by
IS 456 have been taken care of in the column design of STAAD.
71
CHAPTER 9
FUTURE SCOPE
72
FUTURE SCOPE
 The same study can be extended for steel structural building and composite building.
 The study can be extended for soil structure interaction and detailed dynamic analysis
can be carried out.
 The same study can be extended for seismic analysis and wind load analysis.
 The study can be carried out with other computer software’s like E-TABS, and results
can be compared to showcase different approaches.
73
REFRENCES
74
REFRENCES
1. P. Leela Krishna (2020) "Analysis & Design of (G+20) Multi-Storey Residential

Building using Staad Pro” International Journal for Innovative Engineering &
Management Research vol. 09 Issue 03, 2456 -5083.
2. 2. R. Sanjaynath, Mr. K. Parbin Kumar (2018) “Planning, Analysis & Design of

(G+2O) Multi-storey Residential Building using STAAD. Pro" International Journal
of Pure Applied Mathematics volume 119 No.17 2018, 139-145.
3. 3. Narla Mohan, A. Mounika Vardhan (2017) “Analysis of G+20 RC Building in

Different zones using ETABS" International Journal of Professional Engineering
studies Volume VIII/Issue 3 /Mar 2017.
4. 4. A. Pavan Kumar Reddy, R. Master Praveen Kumar (2017) “Analysis of G+30

High Rise Building by using ETABS for various frame sections in zone IV and zone
V” International Journal of Innovative Research Science, Engineering and
Technology. Vol: 6 Issue 7, July 2017.
5. 5. Borugadda Raju, Mr. R. Rattaiah (2015) “Analysis Design of High-Rise Building

(G+30) using STAAD. PRO International Journal Research Science and Advanced
Engineering (IJRSAE)TM Volume 2, Issue 12 PP :50-54, OCT-DEC 2015.
6. 6. Mr. AP Patil, A. A Choudhari, Mr. V. V Patole, Ms A.D. Dande (2017) “Design &
Analysis of Multi- Storeyed Building (G+10) By Using STAAD Pro V8i (Series 4)"
International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science (IJAEMS)
Vol-3, Issue – 3, Mar-2017.
7. 7. T. Dinesh kumar, Mohammed Ibrahim, Syed Abdul Rahman (2019) "Design and
Analysis of High-rise Building using STAAD pro" SSRG International Civil
Engineering (SSRG-IJCE) volume:6 Issue6.
8. 8. Azhar Sarang, Piyush Jain, Jaykumar Lodha (2018) "Design and Analysis for
G+14 RCC structure" International Advanced Research Journal in science,
Engineering and Technology vol.5, special Issue3.
9. 9. D. R. Deshmukh, A. K Yadhav, S. N Supekar, I. M. Jain (2016) "Analysis and

Design of G+19 storied Building Using STAAD pro" D. R. Deshmukh. et.al. lmt.
Journal of Engineering Research and Application vol.6, Issue 7.
75
10. 10. Shaikh Ibrahim, Sunuwar Biswas, Sagar Biswas (2019) "Design and Analysis of
Residential Building" International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology
(IRJET) volume:06 Issue04.
76
CERTIFICATES OF APPRECIATION
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PROJECT REPORT

ANALYSIS & DESIGN OF MULTI-STOREY BUILDING

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD

BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

AVINASH BARVE (05)

DIPIKA INGLE (19)

RASIKA MHATRE (35)

TANMAY PEDNEKAR (52)

PROF. HARSHAL DESHPANDE

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SARASWATI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

"To become center of Excellence in Engineering education and research."

"To educate students to become quality technocrats for taking up

Program Educational Objectives

 To provide sound foundation in mathematical, scientific and engineering

 To develop core competency in students by imparting in depth theoretical and practical

 To provide relevant engineering experience in designing and conducting experiments as

 To inculcate the habit of lifelong learning for career development through

 To impart technical knowledge, ethical values for professional development of the

At the end of the program, a student will be able:

 To identify, formulate and solve engineering problems.

 To conduct experiments to interpret data and analyze the results.

 To function on multi-disciplinary teams.

 To understand professional and ethical responsibilities.

 To gain knowledge to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global,

 To understand the need and engage in life-long learning process.

 To gain knowledge on contemporary issues, and

DIPIKA INGLE (19)

RASIKA MHATRE (35)

TANMAY PEDNEKAR (52)

has been successfully completed in a satisfactory manner as a part of first stage of

Project Guide Project Coordinator

HOD, Civil Dept. (Shift-II) Principal (S.C.O.E).

1. AVINASH BARVE (05)

Place: - SCOE, Kharghar, Navi-Mumbai

We are extremely thankful to Prof, Pooja Somani, Head of Department, Civil

We are thankful to, Dr. Manjusha Deshmukh, Principal, Saraswati College of

Keywords: G+20 RC Building, Multi-storey Building, Software, Manually

CHAPTER TITLE Pg. no

3. AIM & OBJECTIVES 10

4. ANALYSIS & DESIGN 12

SR NO. TITLE Pg no.

Many structures are built of reinforced concrete: bridges, viaducts,

1.2 Reinforced Concrete

Reinforced concrete is simply concrete in which steel bars with desirable

1.3 Structural Elements

A column or strut is a compression member, which is used primary to support

Fig 1.1: Reinforced Section

Fig 1.2: Slabs

1.4 Need of Work

R. Sanjaynath, Mr. K. Prabin Kumar, (2018), et.al published paper on “Planning,

Narla Mohan, A. Mounika Vardhan (2017), et.al published paper on “Analysis of

T. Dinesh Kumar, Mohammed Ibrahim, Mohammed Akbar Khan (2019), et.al

2.2 Finding of Literature Review

 Various load like wind, static, earthquake is compared by manual calculations.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES

1. To select suitable plan for G+20 RCC structure.

ANALYSIS & DESIGN

4.1 STRUCTURAL DESIGNING:

In the process of structural design involves following stages:

5. Drawing, detailing and preparation of schedules,

1. Working Stress method (WSM)

2. Ultimate load method (ULM)