Force and Motion Study Guide

VOCABULARY:

Acceleration – the change in movement

Balanced forces – an act on an object without causing a change in the

object’s motion

Energy – the ability to cause changes in matter

 Potential – is the energy an object has because of where it is or
because of its condition
 Kinetic – the energy of motion, any object in motion has kinetic energy

Force – a push or pull and can make an object speed up, slow down, or change
direction

Friction – when you slide one object over another, and the force of friction
acts in the opposite direction

Gravity (gravitation) – a force that attracts all objects towards each other

Inertia – the tendency of an object to remain at rest or in motion unless it is

acted on by a force. The force is called inertia.

Magnetism – is force of repulsion (the act of pushing away) or attraction

between objects with two poles.

Momentum – is changed by how fast an object is moving and how much mass
that object has

Net force – adding of subtracting individual forces gives a combined force.

This is called net force.

Position – an object’s’ place or location

Power – is the amount of work done for each unit of time, it measures how
quickly someone or something does the work

Speed – a measure of distance an object moves

Unbalanced forces – When an object’s motion changes, you know the forces
are unbalanced.

Velocity – an object’s speed in a certain direction

Work –is when a force is applied to an object and the object moves

SHORT ANSWERS:

What is the equation used to calculate work?

Force x distance = work

What 3 forces affect Earth and objects on Earth each day?

Friction, magnetism, and gravity

What happens to an object’s motion when unbalanced forces act on it?

Its motion changes

If you see an object change its motion, what has happened to it?
A force or forces have acted on it

If effort is applied and nothing moves, is work done?

No

What causes friction?

Friction occurs when one surface rubs against another

Work is measured in units called joules

Scientist measure weight in newtons