1B.

Prepare a query list that includes details of potential discrepancies and divergences
between drawings and other documents.

Difference between tenders and documents during the contract phase is detected. The method
involved the findings of the contractor in planning building work. PAM Contract 2006 requires
the contracting firm to inform the architect in writing when any differences exist between
documents are identified during the planning and subsequent execution of the works.
Consequently, the notification architect must enable written instructions to be provided in good
time before any work on discrepancies begins. However, it advises the contractor not to apply at
the last minute for extra instructions in order to minimise delays.

There are discrepancies in the documents of the consultants. Therefore, differences did not
include either architectural and engineering drawings or designs, or architectural drawings and
quantity sheets, or engineering drawings and quantity sheets. The needs of the customers are
increasingly sophisticated in line with the documentation. A lot of cooperation is needed to
support the complexity, especially for public projects, to minimise any delay.

Information and graphic for two dimensional drawing

A sequence of information which is shown in the graphs is shown in the drawings. Drawings are
to the builder's sole papers showing the design concept, the size and the extent of the work.
Another author also claimed that the design has a sequence of images that represent the size,
shape, placement and layout of the individual pieces to be built.

Specifications for measurement:

The drawings given for each project supplement the specifications. Specification requirements:
type and quality of all works; manufacturing quality, installation and finalization requirements;
applicable regulatory requirements; overall dimensions and dimensions of components; specific
unit price allocation descriptions and processes. Rosen et al, (2018) distinguished that the
specific requirement describes the type and quality of all the work.

Pursuant to paragraph 12. of the contract by PAM 2006, measuring building works and the
quantities of work covered by the contract shall be deemed to be those set out in the contract
bills and shall, except as otherwise expressly stated, be prepared according to the principles of
the Institute's Standard Measuring Process (SMM). Kandan et al (2017). did, however,
recognize uncertainty regarding the measurement of contractual provisions, measuring methods
for different construction works using SMMs and CESMMs for civil engineering works, but in
contrast to mechanical and electrical works the measuring process does not accept accepted
standards.. Nevertheless, the application of standards is vitally crucial have emphasized.

Jafar et al. emphasized that the fundamental estimates for construction work are created at the
early design stage using estimations of the project and pricing. The author said that measuring
is the procedure by which the Standard Method of Measurement (SMM) is abstracted; the
quantity of each building part is collected as a quantity note. On the other hand pricing is the
cost calculation procedure reflected in the Quantity Records for each building item. For the
actual estimate of a building, detailed drawings such as design plans, elevations, sections and
an exact inventory of building elements are used.
Figure 1 components of building according to Malaysian standard method.

Coordination of 2 dimensional drawing in 2 D:

The team player's involvement in a project is coordinated. Rosen stressed that the
uniformity of information should be shown in it in order to increase cooperation
between drawings and specifications. One factor to reduce differences is coordination.

1. Increased coordination by consultants during the design stage;

2. Increased coordination and use of consultants in the final design, work plans
and contract drawing at the tender stage.

3. The verification and evaluation of contract papers

4. Integrated project planning and management technologies;

 5. To provide a clear working framework for the project parties concerned;

Relation between SMM with the bills of quantities and architectural drawings for tender
The study is to determine the link between the component building of the Standard Measuring
Method (SMM) with the size letters (quantity surveyor data collected) and the architectural
tendering (gathered information from architect). In line with SMM, the supplied quantity bills
are created. Some of the elements in the legislation have repeatedly followed the SMM aspects
from this comparison. For example, concrete works, metalwork, floor, wall and ceiling fittings
were repeated in bills of quantity under the building component. A comparison with SMM is
used to identify the range of drawings and documents. Another relevant investigation is
conducted according to the comparison of Table 2. The elements of quantity charts are
contrasted between architectural tenders and aspects of a standard technique of measuring
(SMM). This comparison makes the data in the amount charts simpler. In addition, some
components are categorised in bills of quantities in conjunction with one element. The
interaction of steps between steps, for example, includes concrete elements, metalwork, floor,
wall and ceiling finishing in the list of quantities to be compared to detail. Therefore, the linkage
between tender architectonic designs and SMM is confused, although the tender architectonic
drawings are in order in comparison with bills of amounts. The connection must, however, be
further reduced.
Figure 2 Relation between SMM with the bills of quantities and architectural drawings for
tender

Correspondence between bills of quantities with architectural drawings for tender

Table 3 simplifies the amount facts by removing items to be measured in separate components and not
essential for design. However, according to the element in the quantity tables, architectural tenders are
still repeated. For example between internal Windows and exterior Doors and Windows the
architectural designs of the Detail Port and the details ironmongery are recalled. This synchronisation is
not final as architectural design management will have issues.
Figure 3 Correspondence between bills of quantities with architectural drawings for tender

Correspondence between architectural drawings of tender and bills of quantities

Tabulation is done in accordance to Table 4 to synchronise architectural designs with quantities.
The results of the proposed model of synchronisation drawings and papers have already been
clarified in each of the parts. For simpler coordination reasons, tender drawings for the architect
are indicated with regard to the items in the quantity billing.

Figure 4Correspondence between architectural drawings of tender and bills of quantities

References

1. P. A. Malaysia, Agreements And Conditions Of PAM Contract 2006 (Without Quantities)

(2006)
2. Public Works Department, Standard Form of Contract to be Used Where Bills of Quantities
Form Part of the Ccntract PWD Form 203A (Rev 1/2010) (2010)
3. P. I. Tan, K. S. Low, J. Sum, and S. T. Chee, Handbook for PAM Contract 2006. Kuala
Lumpur: PAM Publication (2010)
4. Y.-M. Cheng, “An exploration into cost-influencing factors on construction projects,” Int. J.
Proj. Manag., vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 850–860 (2014)
5. H. J. Rosen and J. Regener, Construction Specifications Writing: Principles and Procedures
(Fifth Edition). Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley & Sons. (2005)
6. D. Arditi and H. M. Gunaydin, “Total quality management in the construction process,” Int.
J. Proj. Manag., vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 235–243 (1997)