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Lesson Proper
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Definition

Instructional material is defined as:

 Instructional material is also named teaching/learning materials (TLM), and refers

to educational materials that assist teachers in the materialization of the learning
objectives (Lewis, 2020).
 Instructional material is also called learning material, but experts in the field of
educational technology preferred the term instructional material to emphasize
academic instruction. (Manurung, 2017).
 Instructional material refers to the materials designed to exhibit reality and
improve the teaching and learning experience (Awolaju, 2016).
 “Instructional materials refer to those alternative channels of communication,
which a classroom teacher can use to concretize a concept during the teaching
and learning process.” Teachers utilize instructional materials to support their
oral discussions and improve the delivery of the content. Instructional materials
became a necessity as an agent for communication within the learning
environment (Samuel, 2009).
 Instructional materials can be interpreted as “especially designed classroom tools
which contain instructions to learners and teachers, and which specify for each
increment of learning: (a) the content to be learnt; (b) the techniques of
presentation, practice and use of that content; and (c) the modes of teaching
associated with those techniques.” (Johnson, 1972)

Roles of Instructional Materials

Instructional material fulfills various functions as:

1. It primarily facilitates the instructional process. Teachers are expected to

carefully select a material that will carry out their teaching methods and
objectives.
2. It serves as a learning guide and resources for the learners. The list of
contents to be studied are specified resembling a learning directory
(syllabus). The content, itself, contains the lessons.
3. It serves as a language reference source: pronunciation, vocabulary,
grammar, etc.
4. It is the source of activities to enable retention and to promote classroom
interaction. Workbooks or worktexts provides relevant tasks to be
 accomplished by the learners. These tasks can be in the form of individual
work, partnership, or group work.
5. It encourages learners to do self-study. Learning in school is limited to
classroom hours, and with the help of textbooks, learners can continue
reading lessons and practice other skills at home, even at their rate.
6. It supports less-experienced teachers may serve as a handbook equipped
with

Significance of Instructional Materials

Instructional materials are essential to teachers as:

1. It assists teachers in exposing the learners into language and in providing the
language input to be used in the learning environment.
2. It serves as a teacher’s activity bank that requires learners’ involvement.

Instructional materials are essential to learners as:

1. It serves as the visible frame of the entire language lesson.

2. It works as a manual on how they are going to learn a certain topic in certain
ways and be able to apply based on the learning experience.

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References
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Awolaju, B. (2016). Instructional Materials as Correlates of Students’ Academic

Performance in Biology in Senior Secondary Schools in Osun State Bisiriyu Ajani
Awolaju. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, Vol. 6(9).

Brooks, A. & Janovsky, A. (2015, September 26). Instructional Materials: Definition,

Examples & Evaluation. Retrieved from: https://study.com/academy/lesson/instructional-
materials-definition-examples-evaluation.html.

Johnson, F. (1972). The Design, Development, and Dissemination of Instructional

Materials. https://doi.org/10.1177/003368827200300101

Lewis, B. (2019, July 7). "TLM: Teaching/Learning Materials." Retrieved from:

thoughtco.com/tlm-teaching-learning-materials-2081658.

Manurung, K. (2017). Designing Instructional Materials. Palu, Indonesia: Untad Press.

Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333718857
Samuel, A. (2009). The Importance of Instructional Materials in Our Schools an
Overview. New Era Research Journal of Human, Educational and Sustainable
Development, Vol. 2. 61-63.

Sharma, Y. (2006). Preparation and Try-out of Materials for Teaching 'Functional

English' at the Undergraduate Level. H.M. Patel Institute of English Training and
Research Vallabhvidyanagar. Retrieved from: http://hdl.handle.net/10603/75432