Assignment#3

Advanced Power system

Protection

Zahid​ ​Mehmood
(MSEE-F18-005)

Submitted to: ​Dr. Tariq Humayun

Submission Date: 20-03-2020

Q#1. How to handle a situation in a turbo-alternator wherein the generator
has full input mechanical power but no output electrical power due to tripping
of generator in case of some fault?
Answer:
As the complete load tripped off suddenly the generator speed will increase up to
dangerous level called over speed. The speed is measured with over frequency
relay or techno generator which produce signal for the governor that control the
speed through the steam pressure valve operation.

Q#2. Why generator is not solidly grounded?

Answer:
The neutral provides a path for fault current to leave the system and flow
into ground.

Since the voltages produced by generators are usually very high, the current
produced will also be high. Such high current could destroy the neutral grounding.
So to limit its value we connect the grounding through high resistance.

Q#3. Identify the faults in turbo alternator which can detected by

longitudinal differential scheme and transverse differential scheme?
Answer:
Longitudinal differential protection scheme.
This scheme is used for detecting the Phase to Phase and Phase to ground faults.
Transverse differential scheme
This scheme is used to find the inter turn faults
Q#4. What is normal suggested percentage bias setting for longitudinal
differential protection of generator stator winding as compared to
power transformer setting?
Answer:
Normal suggested percentage bias setting for longitudinal differential protection of
generator stator winding is 5 to 10%, whereas power transformer settings are
20-40%.
.

Q#5. Why DC excitation in generator is preferred over AC excitation?

Answer:
For successful operation of alternator it must produce sinusoidal ​AC​ voltage at a
particular frequency. Now, ​dc excitation​ produce a fixed polarity electromagnet in
field which runs at a constant speed by the prime mover. Thus it produce almost a
sinusoidal ​AC​ by the stator armature
If we apply AC excitation voltage to the rotor, then its magnetic field will alternate
due to the excitation and the stator windings will receive alternating flux varying
both with rotation and AC excitation. The resulting generated voltage is hard to
predict but it won't be the nice three-phase AC that you want. The rotor must be
excited with DC.