Department of Education

Region I
11
Schools Division I of Pangasinan
BAYAMBANG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Information and Communication Technology

Computer Systems Servicing NCII
Quarter 3
MODULE 3 AND 4

INSTALL AND CONFIGURE COMPUTER SYSTEMS

Prepared by:
Mrs. Jhoana Marie B. Tamondong
Mr. Vincent Ephraim D. Gabriel
ICT-CSS Teacher
Lesson 3 – Multimedia Storage Devices Objectives:
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After completing this lesson, you should be able to:
1. identify the different multimedia storage devices;
2. understand functions, advantages & disadvantages of the
different multimedia storage devices;
3. appreciate the importance of learning the different multimedia
storage devices.
MULTIMEDIA STORAGE DEVICES
The storage devices are one of the most important components of
the computer system. They are the data storage devices that are
used to store the data. The computer has many types of data
storage devices. Some of them can be classified as the Internal
Storage Devices and External Storage Devices.
INTERNAL STORAGE DEVICES
Internal storage device/s are devices that are installed or prebuilt
in a computer system. These devices vary in types and storage
capacities. The following are examples of Internal Storage Devices.
1. Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
This is the computer's main storage device used to
store all data on the computer permanently using
magnetic storage disk.
There are two types of HDD according to its
connector:
a. SATA (Serial ATA)
b. EIDE (Enhanced Integrated Drive
Electronics)
Advantages of Hard Disk Drives:
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a. Capable of holding vast amounts of data at affordable prices
b. Fast read and write speeds
c. Reliable technology
d. Relatively small in size
Disadvantages of Hard Disk Drives:
a. Due to the nature of its moving parts, they will eventually wear
and break
b. Although very fast, waiting for the moving parts means it will
never perform as fast as solid state drives
c. More fragile and less robust than a solid state drive
d. Higher power consumption than a SSD
e. Some noise is created by the moving parts
2. Hybrid Hard Drive (HHD)
HHD or Hybrid Hard Drive is a combination of
Hard Disk Drive and Solid State Drive technology.
They’re bigger than Solid State Drive (SSD) and
faster than a plain-old mechanical drive.
3. Solid State Drive (SSD)
Non-volatile storage devices capable of holding large amounts
of data.
Perform faster than traditional hard disk drives,
however they are significantly more expensive.
Advantages of solid state drives:
a. Extremely fast read/write speeds
b. Small in physical size and very light, ideal for
portable devices
c. No moving parts to wear, fail or get
damaged – ideal for making portable computers and devices more
reliable and durable
d. Uses less power than a HDD, increasing battery life time
e. Very quiet
f. Generates less heat
Disadvantages of Solid State Drive:
a. Expensive
b. Limited in capacity due to the expense
EXTERNAL STORAGE DEVICES
External storage devices, also referred to as
auxiliary storage and secondary storage, are devices
that contain all the addressable data storage that is
not inside a computer's main storage or memory. Basically,
external storage devices are removable & portable. The following
are examples of External Storage Devices.
1. External Hard Drive
Also known as a portable hard drive, is a device
that is connected outside of a computer system.
Portable storage device that usually uses ATA,
USB technology or E-SATA technology.
2. USB Flash Drive
Also known as data stick, pen drive, keychain drive and thumb
drive.
It is a data storage device that includes flash memory with an
integrated USB interface and typically removable, rewritable and
much smaller than an optical disc.
Advantages of USB Flash Drive:
a. Portable - small and lightweight
b. Durability - flash has no moving parts to damage
c. Range of capacities available
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d. Fast speeds, with no moving parts of boot up time
Disadvantages of USB Flash Drive:
a. Limited number of write cycles possible
b. Limited storage capacities
c. Expensive storage option compared to a HDD
3. Compact Disk (CD)
It is a flat, round storage device that can be read by
a laser in an Optical Disc Drive and capable of storing
data up to 700 MB.
Applicable for Audio, Video and small amounts of
data
Types of Compact Disc:
a. CD-ROM (Read Only) - the data is permanently written to the
disc at the point of manufacture.
b. CD-R (Recordable) - blank discs that can be burnt (written to)
once.
c. CD-RW (Re-writable)- - blank discs that can be burnt (written
to) over and over again (can be erased and reused many times).
4. Digital Versatile Disc
A disc capable of storing large amounts of data up to 4.7 GB
compared to compact disc.
Data can be stored and retrieved using Optical Disc Drive
Applicable for standard definition movies and data
Types of Digital Versatile Disc:
a. DVD-ROM (Read Only) - the data is permanently written to the
disc at the point of manufacture.
b. DVD-R (Recordable)- blank discs that can be burnt (written to)
once.
c. DVD-RW (Re-writable)- blank discs that can be burnt (written
to) over and over again (can be erased and reused many times).
5. Blu Ray Disc
An optical disc capable of storing data from 25 GB
up to 128 GB
The name "Blu-ray" refers to the blue laser (which is
actually a violet laser) used to write and read the disc
Applicable for HD videos and large amounts of data
Types of Blu Ray Disc:
a. Blu-Ray-ROM (Read Only) - the data is permanently written to
the disc at the point of manufacture.
b. BD-R (Recordable)- blank discs that can be burnt (written to)
once.
c. BD-RE (Re-writable) - blank discs that can be burnt (written to)
over and over again (can be erased and reused many times).
Lesson 4 – COMPUTER SYSTEM
SPECIFICATIONS
Objectives:
After completing this lesson, you should be able to:
1. identify the computer system specifications;
2. understand computer system specifications;
3. appreciate the importance of learning computer system
specifications.
COMPUTER SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS
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Computer system specifications are technical descriptions of the
computer's components and capabilities. Decisions on hardware
specification are often driven by the minimum hardware required
to run specific software. In broad terms, the performance of a
computer depends on four factors: the speed and architecture of
its processor or "central processing unit" (CPU), how much random
access memory (RAM) it has, its graphics system, and its internal
hard drive speed and capacity.
PROCESSOR SPEED & ARCHITECTURE
The speed of a computer's processor chip
is measured in gigahertz (GHz). For most
computing tasks -- including web
browsing, sending e-mails, word
processing and spreadsheet work -- any
processor running at 1GHz or more
remains perfectly sufficient.
The architecture of a processor is the most important factor to
determine its performance, and refers to its basic design and
complexity. Some processors are simply more sophisticated than
others, with Intel (for example) producing "basic" processors called
Celerons and Pentiums, as well as more powerful processors under
its "Core" processor family. The later include the Core 2, Core i3,
Core i5, Core i7 & Core i9, with the last of these being the most
powerful.
RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY (RAM)
RAM -- or "random access memory" -- is the
temporary storage space that a computer loads
software applications and user data into when it is running. To a
large exten t, the more RAM a computer has the faster and
more effectively it will operate.
RAM is measured in megabytes (MB) and gigabytes (GB). Just how
much RAM a computer needs depends on the software it is
required to run effectively. A computer running Windows XP will
usually function quite happily with 1GB of RAM, whereas twice
this amount (ie 2GB) is the realistic minimum for computers
running Windows 7.
GRAPHICS SYSTEM (VIDEO CARD)
A computer's graphics system determines how well it can work
with visual output. Graphics systems can either be integrated
into a computer's motherboard, or plugged into the motherboard
as a separate "video card". Graphics systems integrated into the
motherboard (also known as "onboard graphics") are now quite
powerful, and sufficient for handling the requirements of most
software applications aside from games playing, 3D modelling, and
some forms of video editing.
As a basic rule, unless a computer is going to be used to handle
3D graphics or to undertake a significant volume of video editing
or recording, today there is little point in opting for anything other
than onboard graphics (not least because separate graphics cards
consume quite a lot of electricity and create quite a lot of heat and
noise). Adding a new graphics card to a computer with onboard
graphics is also a very easy upgrade if required in the future.
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Graphics cards connect to what is known as either a "PCI Express"
or an "AGP" slot on a computer's motherboard. PCI Express is the
more powerful and modern standard, with the best graphics cards
requiring the use of two PCI Express slots. A PC being upgraded
from onboard graphics sometimes also requires an upgraded
power supply if it is to continue to run in a stable fashion.
HARD DRIVE SPEED AND CAPACITY
Hard disk drives are the high capacity storage
devices inside a computer from which software
and user data are loaded. Like most other
modern storage devices, the capacity of the one
or more internal hard disks inside a computer
is measured in gigabytes (GB), as detailed on
the storage page.
Two key factors determine the
speed of Hard Drive:
1. Rotational velocity - The faster
the disk spins, the quicker data
can be read from or written to it,
hence the faster the disk the
better. Most desktop hard disks
run at either 5400 or 7200 rpm,
while most laptop hard disks run at 4200 or 5400. However,
upgrading to a 10000 or 15000 rpm disk -- such as a Velociraptor
from Western Digital -- can prove one of the most cost-effective
upgrades for increasing the performance and responsiveness of a
desktop computer.
2. Interface used to connect it to the computer's motherboard
Types of Interfaces
a. SATA - the most modern and commonly used on new PCs
b. IDE (also known as UDMA) - which is a slower and older form of
interface
c. SCSI - the oldest but in it most modern variant is still the
fastest disk interface standard

The above points all noted, for users seeking ultimate performance,
there is now the option of installing a computer's operating system,
programs and data on a solid state drive (SSD), rather than a
traditional, spinning hard disk. SSDs are far faster and more energy
efficient than traditional, spinning hard disks, which in time they
will largely replace. This said, at present SSDs are still a lot more
expensive than traditional spinning hard disks in terms of cost-per-
gigabyte.

REFERENCES:
Felix C. Vergara, Jr. – et. Al, “Computer Systems Servicing NCII –
Grade 11
Quarter 1 – Module 5: Multimedia Storage Devices
First Edition, 2020”
Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Felix C. Vergara, Jr. – et. Al, “Computer Systems Servicing NCII –

Grade 11
Quarter 1 – Module 7: Computer System Specifications
First Edition, 2020”
Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City