PAI

NTI
NG

1. Whatist
heSwedi
shst
andar
dofsur
facepr
epar
ati
onandhowdoesi
tdi
ff
er
f
rom BS4232?

SI
S–05– 5900i stheSwedi
shst
andar
dofsur
facepr
epar
ati
on.I
tisa
pi
ctor
ial
repr
esent
ati
on.

2. St
atet
heSwedi
shgr
adeofbl
astcl
eani
ngandcompar
ethem t
oBS4232.

SI
S–05–5900 BS4232
Sa3 –Whi teMet al. Fi
rstQual
i
ty
Sa2½ --NearWhi teMetal(Ver
y SecondQual
it
y
thor
oughbl
asting)
Sa2 –Thor oughbl ast
ing Thi
rdQual
i
ty
Sa1 –Li ghtBl asti
ng N/A

3. Ident
if
yt hr
eeabr
asi
vesusedinblastcl
eani
ngandst
atet
hei
ruse,
advantagesanddi
sadv
antages.

Chil
ledi
rongri
t,cr
ushedslag,ceramicgrits.
Chil
ledir
ongr i
t:Excell
ental
lpur poseabr asi
ve,duet oitsrel
ati
velyhi
gh
densi
ty
whichgiveshi
ghpar t
icl
eenergy,mai nt
ainssharpcutt
ingedgesont hegri
t.
Canbe
reusedcausesroguepeaksifdirectedatapar t
icul
arplaceforaquietl
ong
ti
me.

Crushedslag:From amet al
l
ur gi
calpr
ocessiti
scheap/expendable
abrasi
ve.Quiet
eff
ectiv
egr i
tforoneuseonly.Nor ecl
amationduetot
hei
rrapidbreakdown
to
dust.Noreuse.E.g.copperslag,al
umini
um.

Cer
ami
cgr
it
s:Expensi
vegr
it
.Ret
ainst
hei
rshar
pcut
ti
ngedges.Canbe
Page0of1
usedon
hardbasemat
erial
s.Usedatl
owerpressur
eont
hinmetalandonst
ainl
ess
steel
,
non-f
err
ousmateri
alsast
heyar
einer
tanddonotst
ainordi
scol
our
s.

4. Whatdosur
facepr
ofi
l
eandampl
i
tudemean?

Theshapeofacr oss–secti
onalblastf
ini
shisknownassur facepr
ofi
le.
Thesizeof
prof
il
e as measur
ed from t
he peaks t
ot he t
roughs i
s known as t
he
ampli
tudeorpeaktotr
oughhei
ght.

5. Whati
sthemaxi
mum ampl
i
tudeonBGCpai
nti
ngcont
ract
?

75mi
crons.(
Max) 30mi
crons(
min)

6. Cansandbeusedasanabr
asi
vei
nbl
astcl
eani
ngoper
ati
on?

No.

7. Howar
etheSwedi
shst
andar
dsofwi
rebr
ushi
ngdef
ined?

St
2 – Wir
e brushi
ng bymanualmeans,thorough scr
appi
ng and wi
re
br
ushi
ng.
St
3–Verythor
oughscrappi
ngandwi
rebr
ushingbymachinebrushi
ng.

8. Descr
ibet
het
wobl
ast
ingt
echni
quest
hatusewat
er.

Sl
urr
ybl
ast
ingandwetbl
ast
ing.

9. Whati
sami
cronandhowmanyar
ether
einonet
hou?

Micronisameasurementoff
il
mt hi
ckness.Onet
hou=1/
1000ofani
nch.
25.4microns=onethou,40thou=1mm.

10. Howt
hickar
eimper
ial
andmet
ri
cval
uesofapl
ast
icbacki
ngoft
est
ex?

Page1of2
 I
mperi
al=50micr
ons
Met
ri
c=0.2mil

11. Whatdi
sadv
ant
agesi
sassoci
atedwi
thwi
rebr
ushi
ng?

Care mustbe t aken to avoi

d overbr
ushing a part
icul
arar
ea causing
“Bur
nishing”aconditi
onwi t
hapoli
shedsurfacethathasanadver
seeffect
oncoatingadhesion.Ver
ylabori
ousandexpensiv
e.

12. WhatisJason’
shammer?Wher
ecoul
ditbeused,
whatr
est
ri
cti
onsar
e
associ
atedwit
hit
suse?

Needl
eguni sJason’
shammer .Needlegunsareusedforcl
eaningdi
ffi
cul
t
surf
aces
suchasriv
etheadsandwel ds.Theyleavesharpedgecrat
ersandrogue
peaks,and theyhaveatendencytopushi mpurit
iesi
ntothesurf
ace.

13. Expl
aint
hef
oot
nerpr
ocessandsequenceofoper
ati
on.

Phosphating–f ootnerordupl exprocess:thi

st echniqueinvol
vesaf i
nal
tr
eatmenti naonet otwoper centphosphori
cacidsol uti
onheldat80cfor
onetot womi nutes.Thisleavesat hi
nar ustinhibi
ti
vephosphat ecoat
ing
onthesteelsurfacetowhi chthecoati
ngshallbepr ef
erablyappl
iedwhil
eit
i
sstil
lwar m,possibl
yaf t
erafinalwash.
14. Howdoest hefl
amecl eaningprocessworkandwhatpr ecaut
ionsare
necessaryifi
tisusedf orBGC?

Cleaningofthesur
facebypassi
ngahighvel
ocit
yoxyacet
ylenefl
ameover
thesur f
acetobecl
eaned.Thepr
ocessremovesmuchofthemi l
lscal
eand
rust,butleav
esadustont hesurf
ace,whi
chhast oberemov edbywire
brushing.

15. Whati
smi
l
lscal
eandi
sitmor
eorl
essnobl
ethanst
eel
?

Mill
scal
eisanoxideofir
onproducedwhenthest
eel
ismanufact
ured.I
tisa
resul
tofhotst eelcomi ng i
nto cont
actwit
h ai
rand forming oxi
des
composedofthreelayer
s,FeO,Fe2O4andFe2O3.Mil
lscal
eisnoblethan
steel
.

16. Whati
sar
oguepeak?Whatpr
obl
em cani
tcause?
Page2of3
 Roguepeaksar
epeaks,whichst
andoutabov
ether
equi
redpr
ofi
l
e.They
l
eadtospotorf
lashr
ust
ing.

17. I
fasur
facei
sdesi
gnat
edBsa2½,
whatdoesi
tmean?

Rustgr
adeB,
blastcl
eant
oSa2½.

18. Descr
ibet
het
womet
hodsofmeasur
ingt
heampl
i
tude.

Surfaceprofil
eneedl egauge:Rel iesont heneedl etouchingthebot t
om of
thet r
oughsont hesur facepr of
ile.Take20r eadi ngsandcal cul
atethe
averageofampl itude.
Testextape:
1.Zer othemi cromet erensur ingflatcontactpoi ntandcl eantipofit.
2.Remov et hepaperbacki ngf r
om t het estext apeandst ickt hetestex
tapetothesur facet obemeasur ed.
3.Rubt het estexint ot het roughsusi ngabl unti nstrument,unti
lthepeaks
canbeseenbut tingupt othetransparentpl astic.
4.Remov et het est ext apef rom t hesur faceand measur et heov eral
l
thi
cknesswi thdi almi cromet er
.
5.Deduct50mi cronsf ort heplast i
cbackingf rom t hereadingt oobtain
amplit
ude.

19. Gi
vef
iveessent
ial
requi
rement
sforabr
asi
vebl
ast
ingatsi
te.

1.Remov essurf
acecontaminat
ion.
2.I
tgiv esasurfaceprofi
l
e.
3.Economi calandeff
ici
entway.
4.Betterresul
tsthanothercl
eaning.
5.Relativ
elysafe.

20. Descr
ibet
heact
ionandpur
poseofdeadman’
shandl
e.

Deadman’
shandl
eisusedfordir
ectoperat
orcont
rol
,tost
opoft
hef
lowof
abr
asiv
ewhentheoperat
orlet
sgooft henozzl
e.

21. Wher
eshoul
dai
rpr
essur
eforbl
ast
ingbedet
ermi
nedandhowi
sitdone?
Page3of4
 Thepressureatthenozzlemaybemeasuredusi
ngthehypodermicneedl
e
gauge.Thisisplacedt
hroughthehoseneart
othenozzl
ewi t
ht hehol
ein
theneedl
ef aci
ngthenozzl
eat45.

22. I
dent
if
ytwobl
ast
ingnozz
lesbyshape.St
ateadv
ant
ageofeach.

Straightbor enoz zl
econcent rat
esmostoftheabrasiveinthecentr
alarea
oft hebl astpattern,fringeareaoflowerblasti
ngsize.Forsmallorrepai
r
areasandsof termet als.
Vent urishapednozzl epr oducesalar
geblastpatter
nwi t
ht hewholearea
receivingr el
ativ
elyequalamountofabr asi
v e.Gi
vesanev enblastpatt
ern
areaov erarelati
velylargearea.

23. Descr
ibeat
estf
ordet
ect
ingmi
l
lscal
eonabl
astcl
eansur
face.

Anacidicsoluti
onofcoppersolut
ionwhenappl
iedtoablastcl
eansur
face
wil
lreactbyt urningtobri
ghtcol
ouroncleansheetbutwil
ltur
ntoblack
col
ourifmill
scal eispr
esent.

24. Whi
chBGCcodeofpr
act
icer
elat
est
obl
astcl
eani
ngatsi
te?

BS7079.

25. Whati
sapol
ymerandwher
edot
heyoccur
?

Pol
ymerproducedbythegr
owthofsui
tabl
establ
emolecul
escal
l
ed
monomers.
Monomers,t
heyoccurinsy
nthet
icr
esi
n,pol
yuret
hane.

26. Whati
spol
ymer
izat
ionandhowi
tisbr
oughtabout
?

Pol
ymerspr oducedbythegrowt
hofsuit
abl
establemolecul
escall
ed
monomer s.
Theprocessbyt hesemonomersar
ejoi
nedtogetheri
scall
edcross-
li
nki
ng
andtheresultasinthehar
deni
ngofdry
ingoi
ltypeofpaint
.

27. Whatar
econv
ert
ibl
eandnon-
conv
ert
ibl
ecoat
ings?

Conv
ert
ibl
ecoat
ingsar
ethoset
hatunder
goachemi
calchangedur
ingt
he
Page4of5
 dryi
ngpr ocessthatcannotber ever
sede.g.al
kydepoxy.
Non-conv er
ti
blecoat i
ngsar ethose,whichaf t
ertheyhavedri
edmaybe
rest
or edtotheor i
ginalli
quidform bytheappli
cati
onofsol
vent
.E.
g.Ni
tr
o
cell
uloseandchl or
inatedrubber,
thermoplast
icresi
ns.

28. Whatar
ethebasi
ccomponent
sofpai
nt?

Paintconsi
stsofbinder
sorresi
nsinwhichpi
gmentorcol
our
ingmat
teri
s
suspended.Usual
l
yt hebi
nderi
sdil
utedbyt
headdi
ti
onofasol
vent
.

29. Whatar
ethechar
act
eri
sti
csofM.
I.
Oandi
tsadv
ant
ages?

M.I.
O –Micaceousi r
onoxi
de:Itdecreasesthepermeabi
li
tyofthef i
l
m.
Protect
sthesubstrat
efr
om theenvi
ronment.Int
erf
ereswi
ththecor
rosion
reacti
ons(i
nhi
bit
ors).

30. Whati
sthef
unct
ionofbi
nderandpi
gmentcont
ent
?

Binderconsistsofoi lorresinsorblendofoil
sandr esi
ns.It
’sessenti
alis
thef i
lmf or
mat i
on,theabi l
itytochangefrom l
iqui
df i
lm whi
chf l
owst oa
mor eorlesshardplasticfi
lm.
Pigmenti susedf orcolourort omodifythephysi
calproper
tiesofbinder
resins.Topr ovi
der ustinhibit
ingpr
operti
es.Toprotectthefilmfrom the
effectsofult
ravi
oletli
ghtandweat her.Toaddbody.

31. Nameei
ghtbi
nder
s.

1.Naturaldryi
ngoils – Li
nseedoi l
,tungoi l
2.Ol
eor esinousoil
s – Alkyds, resins
3.Converti
blebinder – Vi
nyl,
nitr
ocel lulose,chlori
nat
edr
ubber
.
4.Non-conv er
ti
blebinder– Epoxy,urethane, polyester
.

32. Whati
sthef
unct
ionofsol
ventandi
tsmai
npr
oper
ti
es?

Solv
entsarevol
ati
l
eorgani
cli
quidsusedinpai
ntst
oreducethev
iscosi
tyor
consist
encyofthemateri
alandtofacil
i
tatet
heappli
cati
onofauni f
orm
coati
ng.

33. Namef
ivesol
vent
sandt
hei
rassoci
atebi
nder
s.

Page5of6
 1.Water–Wat erbasedpai
nts,emulsi
ons
2.M.I
.B.K–Vinyl
3.M.E.K–Epoxies.
4.Acetone–Epoxy
5.Turpent
ine/whitespi
ri
t–Alkyds
6.Tol
uene/xy l
ene–Chlorinat
edrubber.

34. Expl
ainT.
L.V,
M.A.
C,P.
P.M

T.
L.V–Threshol
dli
mitvalue
M.A.
C–Maxi mum al
lowableconcent
rat
ion
P.
P.M –Part
spermill
ion

35. Howi
stoxi
cit
yofasol
ventmeasur
ed?

Tr
i–Tect
orcanmeasur
etoxi
cit
y.

36. Def
inet
het
hreet
ypesofdr
yingmechani
sm.

Evaporation:Thisinvol
vestheev apor at
ionofasolv entfr
om t hev ehi
cle,
l
eav i
ngbehi ndafil
m ofsoli
dmat erial.
Chemi calreacti
on:Poly
mer i
zati
on–mol ecul
argr
owt hbycr oss-l
i
nkageof
theresins.
Oxidati
on:Thi si
nvolv
est heconversionoftheconsti
tuentsofthev ehicl
eto
thesolidst at
ebychemi calchangesi nvolv
ingmainl
yoxidati
onbyr eacti
on
withatmospher i
coxygen.

37. Howdochl
ori
nat
edr
ubber
,epoxyandal
kydpai
ntdr
ies?

Bychemi
cal
react
ionandsol
ventev
apor
ati
on.

38. Whati
smeantbypotl
i
feandhowdoesi
tdi
ff
erf
rom t
hei
nduct
ionper
iod?

Potlifeist
het i
meli
mi twi
thi
nwhi
chthemixedcomponent
scanbeused
e.g.fi
veminut
esat20c.
Inducti
onperi
odist
hetimeofmixt
otheappl
i
cati
onti
me.

39. Whatar
epl
ast
ici
ersandwhatar
etheyusedf
or,
giv
ee.
g.’
s?

Pl
ast
ici
ers ar
e usual
l
yli
qui
dsand musthav
e a mi
nimum t
endencyt
o
Page6of7
 vol
ati
ze so t
hatt
heywi
l
lremai
nint
he f
il
m.E.
g.camphor
,cast
oroi
l
,
chl
ori
nat
edwaxes.

40. Whatar
edr
yer
sandwhyt
heymi
ghtbeaddedt
ooi
lbasedpai
nts?

Dryi
ngagent( Si
ccativ
e)isaddedt oanoxidat
ivepaintt
ospeedupt he
dry
ingprocess.Siccati
vei
ncreasesthecapaci
tyofthebindert
oabsorb
oxygen.

41. Whatist
hefor
mulaf
ordensi
ty?
Densi
ty=Mass/Vol
ume.(Uni
ts–gms/cubi
ccent
imet
re)

42. Whati
scat
hodi
cdi
sbondmentandunderwhatcondi
ti
onsdoesi
toccur
?

Ifthei mpr essedcur rentisgreaterthanthecor r

osioncurr
entthent he
cathodicdi sbondingmayr esul
t.Thiseff
ecthappenswhenexcessi v
eCP
currentissuf f
ici
entlyst r
ong to begi
nto generate gasesatthe met al
surfacebyapr ocessofel ect
rol
ysisofmoist
ureont hesurf
ace.Thegas
generatedpushest hecoat i
ngfr
om thesurf
aceandcausesadhesionfail
ure
beneatht heedgesoft hecoat i
ng.
43. Explainrelati
vehumi di
t yanddewpoi nt
.

Rel
ati
vehumi di
tyi
sdefi
nedastheamountofmoi
stur
e( wat
erv apour
)inai
r
compared withthe maximum possibl
ein ai
r.Itis expressed as a
per
centage.
Dewpointisdefi
nedasthetemper
atur
eatwhi
chcondensat
ionoccurs.

44. Namef
ivemet
hodsofpai
ntappl
i
cat
ions.

1.Brushappli
cat i
on
2.Roll
erappli
cat i
on
3.Di
pcoat i
ng( electr
ostat
ictechni
que)
4.El
ectrost
aticspr ayappl
icati
on
5.Conventi
onal sprayappli
cati
on
6.Ai
rlesssprayappl i
cati
on

45. St
atet
headv
ant
agesofai
rl
essspr
ayov
erconv
ent
ional
spr
ay

1.Ai
rl
essspr
ayappl
i
esmostt
ypesofpai
ntmuchf
ast
ert
hananyot
her
manual
l
y
Page7of8
 operatedmet hodofpaintapplicati
on.
2.Ast hepaintisnotunderpressuret hepumpcanoper at
ef r
om the
manuf acturer’
scan.
3.Becausenoai risused,t
hereisnoov erspray.
4.Auni formthickcoatisproduced, r
educingt henumberofcoatsrequired.
5.Av erywetcoati sappli
ed,ensuringgoodadhesi onandf l
owout .
6.Mostpai ntscanbespr ayedwithv eryli
ttl
ethinni
ng.
7.Not hinnagesont hespraypatternmeansnoov erl
appi
ngi neachst r
oke
wit
hwi def orm patter
n.Thismakesai r
lessspraymuchf asterthan
conv enti
onalspray.
8.Becauseoft heev enspraypatternandcl eanage,cutt
ingatangl escan
beachi eved.
9.Thesi nglehoseconnectiontothegunmakesi teasi
ertohandle.

1.PAI
NT

1. Whati
spai
nt?

Paintisafi
lm-for
minf
lui
dthati
sspr
eadi
nthi
ncoat
stodecor
ateandor
protectasurf
ace.

2. Whatdoespai
ntcont
ain?

Page8of9
 Pai
ntconsi
stsofbi
nder
s,r
esi
ns,
pigment
sandext
ender
s.

3. Whatar
ethei
mpor
tantpr
oper
ti
esofpai
nt?

1.Provi
desadhesiontothesur
facebei
ngpainted.
2.Colourr
etenti
onandstabi
li
ty.
3.Gloss
4.Permeabili
ty
5.Mechanicalproper
ti
es–Hardness,r
esist
ancetoabr
asi
onorexpansi
on
andcontracti
onduetotemperat
urechanges.

4. Whati
nfl
uencest
hemechani
cal
proper
ti
esofapai
ntf
il
m?

Nat
ureofsubst
rat
eandacoat
ingwi
thi
deal
char
act
eri
sti
cs.

5. Whati
sabi
nderandwhatdoesi
tdo?

Binderconsistsofoi
lsorresi
nsorabl
endofoil
sandr esins.I
tsessent
ial
functi
onisfilmformati
on.Theabi
li
tyt
ochangefrom aliquidf
il
mt hatf
lows
tomor eorlesshardplast
icfi
lm.

6. Whataremodernbi
ndersmadefrom?
Manufact
uredf
rom sy
nthet
icorr
esins.

7. Whatiscross-li
nki
ng, ‘
expl
ainbet
terinepoxycoati
ngspecif
icati
on’?
Polymerisproducedbyt hegrowthofsuit
ablest
ablemoleculescall
ed
monomer s.Thepr ocessbywhichthesemonomer sarej
oinedtogetheri
s
call
edcross-
linki
ngandt heresul
tisasinthehardeni
ngofthedryingoil
typeofpaint
.

8. Namet
hef
ourgr
oupsofbi
nder
s.

1.Naturaldryi
ngoils - Li
nseedoil,
tugoi l
.
2.Ol
eor esinousoil
s - Alky
d
3.Converti
ble - Vi
nyl,
nitr
ocel l
ulose
4.Non-conv er
ti
ble - Epoxies,
urethane,poly
ester.
9. Whatar epigments?

Pi
gmentsar
esmallpart
icl
est
hatar
esolubl
einthepaintsolv
entsthatmay
beusedf
orcol
ourortomodif
ythephy
sical
propert
iesofbinderresi
ns.
Page9of10
10. Namet
het
wogr
oupsofpi
gment
s.

Organicpi
gment - I
ndianyel
l
ow.
I
nor gani
cpigment - Ti
tani
um dioxi
de.

11. Whyi
spi
gmentaddedt
opai
nt?

Toprov
idecolour
,hidet
hesurface,pr
otectthef
ilmfrom UVli
ghtand
weat
her,decr
easethepermeabil
it
yoffil
m, r
ust-
inhi
bit
ingpr
opert
iesadd
body
.

12. Whati
sM.
I.
O.andwhatar
eit
sadv
ant
ages?

M.I
.O.–Micaceousir
onoxi
dedecreasestheper
meabi
l
ityoff
il
m.Pr
otect
s
f
rom UVl
ightandfrom t
heenv
ironment.

13. Whatar
eext
ender
s?

Extender
sar
eaddedt
opai
ntst
oaddt
hicknesse.
g.chal
ks,
chi
nacl
ay,
and
tal
c.

14. Whatar
eant
iski
nni
ngagent
sandwhatdot
heydo?

Adryi
ngagenti
saddedt
oanoxidat
ivepai
ntt
ospeedupt
hedr
yingpr
ocess.
E.
g.compoundsofl
ead,
cobal
t.

15. Namet
het
wogr
oupsofpai
nts.

1.Non–conver
ti
blecoati
ngs,
e.g.nit
rocel
l
ulose,
ther
mopl
ast
icr
esi
n
2.Conv
ert
ibl
ecoat
ings,e.
g.al
kyds,epoxyresi
n.

16. Namet
hreeway
sapai
ntsy
stem candr
y.Expl
aineachmet
hod.

1.Evaporationofsolventf r
om thev ehi
cleleavingbehindaf i
lm ofsol i
d
mat er
ial.
2.Oxidati
oni nvol
vesconv ersi
onoft heconstit
uentsoft hevehicl
et othe
soli
dst atebychemi calchangesinvol
vingmai nl
yoxidat
ionbyr eact
ion
withatmospher i
coxygen.
3.Chemi calreact
ion–poly meri
zat
ion.Moleculargrowthbycross-l
i
nkage.
Page10of11
17. Expl
ainconv
ert
ibl
eandnon-
conv
ert
ibl
ecoat
ings.

Converti
blecoat i
ngsundergoachemi cal
changeduri
ngt
heprocessthat
cannotber eversed.
Non-converti
blecoat i
ngsarethoset
hatcanberestor
edt
othei
rorigi
nal
l
iqui
df or
m af t
ert heyhavedri
ed.

18. Namet
woheav
y-dut
ycoat
ingsandwhatar
ethei
rdi
sadv
ant
ages?

Coaltar
,asphal
ti
cbi
tumen.Appl
i
edatel
evat
edt
emper
atur
es260
c,f
umes
–fir
ehazardous.

19. Whatar
epl
ast
iccoat
ingsandhowar
etheyappl
i
ed?

Useofpl ast i
csforcor
rosi
onr esi
stantcoat
ing.
1.Dippingt hepreheat
edobj ecti
ntoeit
heraliqui
dplast
icorapowderof
plasti
c
parti
cles.
2.Sprayingpowderpar ti
clesontot heheat
edobjectorthr
oughfl
ameonto
the
obj
ect.
3.Byext rusion.

20. Whati
sthedi
sadv
ant
ageofpl
ast
iccoat
ings?

Poorbondi
ngt
othesubst
rat
e.St
ressesi
nducedbyt
heheat
ing/cool
i
ng
cycl
e.

21. Whatar
esel
fadhesi
vet
apes?

PVCorpol
yet
hyl
enebacki
ngwi
thar
ubberbaseadhesi
vewr
appi
ngt
apes.

22. Whati
spol
yet
hyl
enecoat
ing?

Si
nter
ingapowderdi
rect
lyt
othepi
pe,i
nmucht
hesamewayasanepoxy
powder.
Hotextr
usi
onontoanadhesiv
eormasti
c.

23. Whyi
sconcr
etecoat
ingused?
Page11of12
 Itact
sasbal
l
astandensur
est
hatt
hepi
pel
i
newi
l
lhav
enegat
ivebuoy
ancy
evenwhenempty
.

24. Whati
sant
if
oul
i
ng?

Topr
eventgr
owt
hofmar
ineor
gani
sms.

25. Whatar
epowdercoat
ings?

Useoft
her
mopl
ast
icpowder
s.

26. Whatar
ether
equi
rement
sforpr
imi
ngpai
nts?

To securegood wet t
ing ofthesubstr
ateand prov
ideadhesi
ont ot he
subst
ratefortheenti
resystem.Tocont
rolcor
rosi
onofst
eel
s(byinhi
bit
ion)
.
27. Whataresolvents?

Solv
entsarevol
ati
leor
ganicl
iqui
dsusedinpai
ntst
oreducev
iscosi
tyor
consist
encyofthemater
ialandtofaci
li
tat
etheappl
i
cati
onofunifor
m
coati
ng.

28. Whatar
ethei
mpor
tantf
eat
uresofsol
vent
s?

Rateofev apor
ati
oniftooslowl
eadst
orunsorsags,
ift
oof
asti
tleadst
o
drysprayandpoorf i
lm.
Fl
ashpoi nt–Firehazard.
Toxici
ty –Heal t
hhazard.

29. Whati
stheM.
A.Cofcommonsol
vent
sgi
vev
alues?

M.
A.C–Maxi
mum al
l
owabl
econt
entl
i
mit
ingv
aluef
ort
heexposur
e.

Xyl
ene - 200 ppm
Tol
uene - 200 ppm
Benzene - 100 ppm
Acetone - 1000ppm
M.I
.E.K - 100 ppm
Carbontet
rachl
ori
de - 10 ppm.

Page12of13
30. Whatar
ethe

Posit
ivefeat
ures Negativefeat
ures
1.Excell
entext
eri
ordur
abi
l
ity 1.Poorchemi calandsolv
ent
Resist
ance.
Al
kyd 2.Goodf l
exi
bil
it
y,r
ecoatabi
l
ity 2.Fairwaterr
esist
ance.
3.Excell
entadhesi
ontomoist 3.Poorheatr esist
ance.
surf
aceandeasiertoappl
y.

1.Fastdry
ing. 1.Li
mitedheatr
esi
stance.
Chlori
nated 2.Goodchemi calandwater 2.Poorsol
ventr
esi
stant.
rubber. r
esist
ant.
3.Goodext er
iordur
abi
li
ty. 3.Blastcl
eanedsur
face
requir
ed
1.Excellentchemicaland 1.Poorgloss,t
oext
erior
solvent exposure.
resist
ant .
Epoxy 2.Excellentadhesion. 2.Dif
fi
culttoover
coat
.
3.Goodhi ghbuil
dcapabil
it
ies, 3.Mistakespossi
blei
nmi
xi
ng
andgoodl ongterm and
performance. appl
icati
on.

31. Namef
ourt
ypesofsol
vent
s.

1.Hy drocarbons –Tur

penti
ne,benzene,whit
espray
2.Alcohol –Methy
l,Et
hyl,
isopropyl
3.Ket ones –Methy
l,et
hyl-
ketone(MEK)
4.Esters –Methy
lacetat
e,amy lacet
ate.

32. Whatar
epl
ast
ici
ers?

Plast
ici
sersareusual
l
yliquidandmusthav
eami ni
mum tendencyt
o
volat
izesothatt
heywill
r emaini
nthefi
l
m e.g.camphor
.

33. Li
stsol
vent
sandassoci
atedpaints.
Water - Waterbasedpaint
s
Tol
uene/Xylene - Chl
orinat
edrubber
Page13of14
 Acetone - Epoxies
M.I
.B.K - Viny
l
M.E.
K - Epoxies

34. I
npai
ntmanuf
act
ureexpl
ainpr
emi
xi
ng.

Binder,sol
ventanddilutant
sarepumpedi ncorrectquant
iti
esthrougha
central
lycontr
oll
edpipesy stem i
ntomeasuri
ngandmi xi
ngv at
s,where
measur equant
iti
esofpigmentandpossi
bleext
endersareadded.

35. Whati
sdi
sper
sion?

Therawmateri
alsmixedint
oabatcharedi
spersedbymeansofadi
ssol
ver
,
consi
sti
ngofashaftwit
har ot
ati
ngser
iat
eddisc.

36. Pai
ntgr
indi
ng?Namet
ypesofmi
l
landexpl
ain.

Pear lorsandmi ll:Thepai ntispumpedi nt

ot hesandf il
l
edmi llfrom below
i
nav er
ticalmi l
lorf r
om oneendi nahor i
zont almi l
l.Thepai nti spumped
underpr essur et hroughanumberofr otati
ngdi scs,whi chcreat esstrong
abrasionef fectsandcancausev eryfinedi sper sioni nt heshor ttimeofi ts
travelthrought hemi ll
.Pai ntcol lect
edatt het opoft hemi l
latar ateupt o
1000l it
res.
Rollermi l
l:Thi suni tconsi stsofadj ust ablest eelr ollers,rotatingagai nst
eachot hersot hatt hepai nti ssubj ect edt opr essur eandshearf orces,
whichdecr easet hecongl omer atesize.Thepai nti sr emov edfrom t hefinal
roll
erint her owbyascr aperbl adeorkni fe.
Ballmi l
l:Thi sconsi stsofar otatingdr um,par tf i
l
ledwi thst eelorpor celain
ball
sofabout2–3cms.Di a.Themi l
li sfil
ledwi tht hepai ntunt iltheballs
arecov er edandt hedr um i sseti nmot ion,thepi gmentcongl omer atesar e
grounddownduet ot heabr asionbet weent hebal ls.Ther otationspeedi s
slow, gener all
ylesst hanoner evoluti
onpersecondandt hepi gmentsi zei s
cont r
oll
edbyt heper i
odoft imet hemi llisoper ated.

37. Expl
ainf
inal
bat
chmi
xi
ng.

Aft
ergri
nding,t
hepaintispumpedt ofinalbat
chi
ngwher emor ebi
nderand
orthi
nnerareaddedwhi l
est i
rr
inginordertoobtainthecor r
ectdel
iver
y
vi
scosi
ty.Ti
nti
ngcolouradjustmentandqualit
ycont
roladjust
mentsmaybe
per
formed,pri
ortol
oadingt hemateri
alsint
othedel
iver
ycontainer
s.
Page14of15
38. Dr
awt
hedi
ff
erentsket
chesf
orv
ari
ousmi
l
ls.

Page15of16
 3.QUALI
TYCONTROLTESTI
NG–PAI
NT

1. Whati
sspeci
fi
cgr
avi
ty?

Speci
ficgr
avit
yiscal
ledrelat
ivedensi
ty.Rati
oofdensi
tyofmat
eri
aland
thedensi
tyofwater(
compar i
son).
SG=Densi t
yofx
Densit
yofwater
.I tisarati
o.Nouni t
s.

2. Howi
stest
ingf
orspeci
fi
cgr
avi
tycar
ri
edout
?Namet
heequi
pment
.

Equi
pmentname:
Wei
ghtpergal
l
oncup.

1.Weight hecupandl i
dempt y
.
2.Fil
lthecupwi t
ht hepaint
.
3.All
owt hepainttostandfortwominut
es.
4.Excesspaintremov ed.
5.Cleanexternalsurf
aceofthecup.
6.Weight hecuplid+paint.
7. 6–1=Speci f
icgravit
y.

3. Whati
sthet
ypi
cal
speci
fi
cgr
avi
tyofpai
nt?

1t
o1.
75

4. Whati
svi
scosi
ty.

Vi
scosi
tyi
sthei
nter
nal
resi
stancet
ofl
owpossessedbyal
i
qui
d.

5. Howi
svi
scosi
tycal
cul
ated?

ByFordFlowCupNo. 4
1.War mt hecup.
2.Cov ertheholeatthebottom oft
hecupwi t
hfingerandf
ill
thepaint
.
3.Remov eexcesspaint.
4.Startthestopwatchwhi l
esimult
aneousl
yremov i
ngthef
ingerfr
om the
hole.
5.Obser vetheti
met akenforthefl
owofpainttostartt
obreakint
o
Page16of17
 dr
opl
ets.
6.Ti
metakeni
nsecondsi
sthev
iscosi
tyv
alue.

6. Whati
sthecal
cul
ati
onf
orv
olumeofsol
i
ds?

Vol
umeofsol
i
ds=D.F.
T x100
W.F.T

7. Whati
susedt
ofi
ndwetf
il
mthi
ckness(
W.F.
T)howi
sitused?

Wetcombgauge:I ti
spushedf ir
mlyi nt
ot hewetpaintsot hatt heout
er
mostt eet
hmakescont actwiththesubst r
ate.Hel
datr i
ghtangl estothe
surf
ace.Gaugeisremov edandtheteethareexamined.W.F.
T.liesbetween
thelasttoothi.
e.coatedandt hef i
rsttooththatisuncoated.Mi dpoi
nt
betweenthisi
sW.F.T.

8. Whati
susedt
ofi
nddr
yfi
l
mthi
ckness(
D.F.
T)howi
sitused?

Bananagauge–magnet icpullofgauge:
1.Cal i
bratetheinst
rumentonst eelsurfaceprof
il
e,whichmatcheswit
h
theprofi
leofthepaintedsur f
acebei ngmeasured.
2.Usi ngshim ofknownt hickness,cali
bratethei
nstrumenti
nt her
ange
expectedmeasuredt hicknesswilll
ie.

9. Whatar
ethet
hicknessoft
heshi
msusedandi
dent
if
ybyi
tscol
our
?

25microns – purple
51microns – darkblue
127microns – brown
254microns – white
508microns – yell
ow

10. Howi
sthi
cknessmeasur
edonM.
I.
Oandwhy
?

Metal
li
cpainti
ngbyW.F.
T.
ByknowingtheW.F.
T.andconv
ersi
onusi
ngt
hef
ormul
a

W.
F.T.=100xD.
F.T
Vs
Page17of18
11. Expl
aint
hecr
osscutt
estmet
hod.

Pressuresensi ti
v etape,sharpkni f e,
andr ubbereraser.No.ofcutsshallbe
sixorelev en.Surfaceiscleananddr y.40-mm l ongspace,cut1mm apar ti
f
carryi
ng11cut s,twomm apar tforsi xcut s.Cutthroughthefil
mi nsteady
mot i
on.Repeatt hepr ocessi nt heopposi teplanetogive1mm or2mm.
Inspectt hecutt oestabli
sht hatt hesur facehasbeenpenet rat
ed.Placethe
tapeov ert hegridandsmoot hi tbyf inger,thenrubwither
aser.Remov ethe
tapeaf ter90seconds.Af termaki ngsev eralcutsexaminethecutti
ngedge
anddi scardifjaggedori fteari
ngoft hepai ntfil
m.

12. Whatar
eaccept
abl
eresul
tsofcr
osscutt
apes?

5B:Theedgesoft hecut sarecompl etel

ysmoot h,noneoft hesquar esof
thelatti
ceisdet ached.
4B:Smal lflakesoft hecoat i
ngar edet achedati ntersecti
onsl essthanf iv
e
percentoft heareai saffect
ed.
3B:Smal lf l
akesoft hecoat i
ng aredet ached along theedgesand at
i
ntersectionsofcut s.Thear eaaf f
ectedi sf iv
et of i
fteenper centoft he
l
atti
ce.
2B:Thecoat i
nghasf l
akedal ongt heedgesandonpar tsoft hesquar es.
Thear eaaf f
ectedisf i
ft
eent ot hi
rtyfi
veper centofthel att
ice.
1B:Thecoat inghasf l
akedal ongt heedgesoft hecut sinlarger i
bbonsand
wholesquar eshavedet ached.Ar eaaf f
ectedi sthi
rtyfi
v etosixtypercentof
thelatti
ce.
0B:Flakinganddet achmentwor sethangr ade1B.

13. Expl
aint
heXcutt
est
.

Pressur e sensit
ivetape,shar p knife,rubberer aserar et he mat erial
s
requi redt ocarryoutthet est.Surfaceshoul dbecl eananddr y
.Maket wo
cut si nt hecoat i
ngeachappr oxi
mat ely40mm t hati ntersectsneart he
mi ddlewi thanangleof30 .
Inspectt hecutt oestablisht hatthesur facehasbeenpenet r
ated.Usi nga
pieceoft ape75-mm,pl acet hecent reoft hetapeatt heintersecti
onoft he
cut s,smoot hthetapebyf i
ngerandt henr ubfi
rmlywi theraser .Brusht he
areal ightlywithsoftbrush,r emov et hetapeaf t
erappr oximate90seconds
byt akingoneendandr apidly.Exami net hecutt
ingedgeoft oolforsi gns
wearandr epl
acewhenneeded.I nspectthecutareaandr atetheadhesi on.
Page18of19
14. Whatar
etheaccept
abl
eresul
tsofX-cutt
est
s?

5A:
Nopeel i
ngorremov al
.
4A:
Tracepeeli
ngorr emovalal
ongi
ncisions.
3A:
Jagged,remov edal
ongmostofincisionsupt
o1.6mm onei
thersi
de.
2A:
Jagged,remov edal
ongmostofincisionsupt
o3.2mm onei
thersi
de.
1A:
Remov alfr
om mostoft hear
eaofXundert hetape.
0A:
Remov albeyondtheareaofX.

15. Expl
ainpul
loft
est
.

Adollymadeofal umi
nium al
loyisstuckont othecoat
ingsyst
em under
eval
uati
onusi
ngaraldi
teadhesi
ve.Af
tertheadhesiv
ehascured,t
hedoll
yis
removedbydirectpul
l-ofusi
ngaspeci altoolandthef or
cerequi
redis
measured.

16. Expl
ainf
lashpoi
ntandhowt
hisi
sobt
ained?

Fl
ashpoi ntofamat er i
alist hel owestt emper atureatwhi cht hev apours
gi
venofwi lli
gnitewhenaf lameorspar kispassedov erit.Flashpoi ntis
obtai
nedbyt heuseofAbelcup.Fi llthetestcupwi t
ht hepai ntandpl aceit
i
nt hewat erbat h,whi chisheat edt ot her equiredtemper ature.Lightt he
i
gniti
ondev icewhent hepai nthasr eachedt her equir
edt emper ature.Car r
y
outflamet est.Raisethet emper at ureby0. 5candr epeati gniti
on,inst eps
of0.5cr
aiseunt ilthef l
ashpoi ntisr eached.Readt het hermomet erreading
ofthetemper atureaccur at
ely.

17. Whati
srel
ati
vehumi
dit
y?

I
tistheamountofwatervapouri
ntheai
rexpressedasapercentageandit
i
s obtained bya cal
cul
ati
on made f
rom the drybulb and dew point
t
emper atur
es.

18. Whatar
eaccept
abl
eappl
i
cat
ioncondi
ti
onsf
orbl
ast
ingandpai
nti
ng?

Paintshouldbeappl i
edonl ytothesur f
acesthatar ethor
oughl
ydr yand
undersuchcondi ti
onsofhumi dit
yandt emperatur
e,asitwi l
lpromote
evaporat
ion,rat
hert han condensat
ion. Otherf act
orsto beawar eare
str
onghar dsunl
ight
,strongwindswhi chcouldcausetoorapidevapor
ati
on
Page19of20
 ofsolv
entsandt hepai ntf
il
m beingimpregnatedwithdi
rtet
c.,
BgasSpeci f
icati
on
1.Theai rormet al t
emperatur
ei sat
least3
cabov ethedewpoint
t
emper ature.
2.Ther elat
ivehumi dit
yislessthan90%.
3.Thet emper aturesfort
heappl i
cat
ionsarewithi
nthemanufactur
er
r
ecommendat ions.

19. Whati
sdewpoi
nt?

Dewpoi
ntist
het emperat
ureatwhi
chcondensat
ionofwat
erv
apouri
nthe
ai
rwoul
dform onthesurf
ace.

20. Whatequi
pmenti
susedt
ofi
ndhumi
dit
yanddewpoi
nt?Expl
aini
tsuse.

Usingwhi r
li
nghy gromet er,
1.Checkt hefabri
coft hewetbul bi
sclean,wetandsecureatboththeends.
contai
nershoul dbef ullofcl eanwat er.
2.Whirlthehygromet erataboutt hr
eer evol
uti
onspersecondforone
minute.
3.Readbot hthet hermomet er s, not
ingt hewetbul
bfir
st.
4.Whirlagainforanot hermi nut e.Readt emperat
ureagai
n.Repeatunti
l
const
ant
temperaturereadingar eobt ained.
5.Recordswetanddr ybul bt emper ature.
6.Calcul
aterelati
v ehumi dit
y, dewpoi ntusingchart
.

21. Howi
ssur
facepr
ofi
l
emeasur
ed?

Model 123-surfaceprofi
l
egaugei saquick,
directreadingandeasyt ouse
i
nstrument .Thegaugei sfi
rstsett ozer
obylevelingthef ootandthepoint
er
onaf latsurface.Whenthef ootissubsequentl
ypr essedagainstablasted
profi
le,thefootwillr
estupont hepeaksandt hepoi nt
erwi l
lpenet
ratethe
vall
eys.Thedi alwil
lshowr eading.Taketensuchr eadingsandtakethe
averageofi t
.

22. Whati
sBS7079?

Pr
eparati
onofst
eel
subst
rat
esbef
oreappl
i
cat
ionofpai
ntsandr
elat
ed
pr
oducts.
Page20of21
23. Whati
sthemaxi
mum t
imebet
weenbl
ast
ingandpai
nti
ng?

Fourhour
s.

24. Whatspeci
fi
cat
ioni
susedt
odef
inet
hist
ime?

BS5493.

25. Namet
hef
ouri
nter
nat
ional
standar
dsf
orbl
astcl
eani
ng.

1.SSPC-St eelStr
ucturesPaint
ingCouncil.
2.NACE-Nat i
onalAssociat
ionOfCor r
osionEngi
neers
3.SIS-05-5900-Swedi shstandar
d-pictori
alsur
faceprepar
ati
onst
andar
d
forpai
ntingsteelst
ructur
es.
4.BS7079-Br i
ti
shStandardSpecif
icati
on.

26. Li
stblastcl
eanedsur
facei
.e.gi
vecompar
isonofbl
ast
inggr
adest
othe
above
standar
ds.

Compar
isonofbl
ast
inggr
ades.

SSPC BS-7079, BS4232 NACE

SI
S-05-5900 depr
eciat
ed
Whi t
emetal (
SP5) Sa3 Fi
rstqual
it
y Gr
ade1
Nearwhitemet al Sa2.
5 Secondquali
ty Gr
ade2
(SP10)
Commer ci
al f
ini
sh Sa2 Thi
rdqual
i
ty Gr
ade3
(SP6)
Lightbl
astand Sa1 N/A
brushoff(SP7)

27. Expl
aint
het
estf
orsol
ubl
eir
on.

Testpaper-soakingoffil
terpaperinaf reshl
yprepared5% sol
utionof
potassi
um fer
ri
cyani
deinwaterandall
owi
ngt hepapertodry
.
When pressed agai
nsta wetst eelsur
face itwil
lshow a blue col
our
Page21of22
 whenev
ersol
ubl
eir
onsal
tshasbeendi
ssol
vedbywat
er.

28. Expl
aint
estf
orsol
ubl
esul
phat
es.

Fil
terpapersoakedinabar i
um chl ori
dedehy drates6% wetsolutionand
dri
ed.Thedrypaperisthenpr essedagai nstthet estsur
facebackedbya
secondpapersoakedinsatur
atedpot assium permanganate,cont
ami nat
ion
i
sabsor bedandheldi
nt hebarium sulphatelatt
ice,impar
ti
ngapi nkcolour
tothosepart
softhepaperwhichcont actedsulphat es.

29. Expl
aint
hesol
ubl
echl
ori
des.

Fil
terpaperwet tedwi thsilv
ernitr
ate2% wetsol uti
onandt henpr essed
againstthesteelsurfaceforaboutt
went yseconds.Itisthenpeel
edof fand
thoroughly washed i n chlori
de free water.I mmer sion photogr
aphic
developercan det ectanysi lv
erchlorideformed r emainsint hepaper.
Chlori
desitesshowsbr own-blackareas.

30. Expl
aint
estf
ormi
l
lscal
e.

Anacidicsolut
ionofcoppersoluti
onwhenappl i
ed t
o abl
astcl
eaned
sur
facewil
lreactbyt
urni
ngtoabr i
ghtcoppersol
uti
ononcl
eanst
eel
,but
wil
ltur
ntoablackcol
ouri
fmil
lscaleispr
esent
.

31. Expl
aint
het
estf
oroi
lcont
ami
nat
ion.

Shinning on ul
tr
aviol
etl
ightsource on t
he surface causi
ng the oi
lto
fl
uorescence.Pouri
ngsol
ventacr
ossthesurface,
thesol v
entshouldfor
ma
continuousfl
owandnotbreakint
odroplet
s.

32. Expl
aint
het
estf
ordust
.

Useofstri
pofclearcel
l
o-tape25-mm widestr
ip.Pr
esst het
apeontothe
surf
aceli
ghtl
yruboverthetapewithf
inger
,thensnatchthetapeof
f.Any
l
oosedustwillst
icktot
het apeandwil
lshow upclearl
ywhent het
apeis
putont
owhitepaper.

33. Expl
aincar
eofbl
ast
edsur
face.

Sur
facepr
epar
edf
orcoat
ingshoul
dnotbeal
l
owedt
odet
eri
orat
eort
he
Page22of23
 contami
nated i
n anyway bet
ween gr
itblast
ing and spr
ayi
ng.Bl
ast
ed
surf
acesshouldneverbehandl
edortouchedunlesshandsar
eprot
ect
ed
wit
hcleanglov
es.

4.SURFACEPREPARATI
ON

1. Whati
susedt
odet
ectpi
nhol
esi
npai
nt?

DCVol
tage-wetsponge(
lowv
olt
age)t
estbyhol
i
daydet
ect
or.

2. Whati
stacki
ng?

Coati
nghasparti
all
ysetonl
y;surf
aceisnotwetbuthasast
ickyf
eel
,li
ke
tape,
duetoexcessi
vethi
nner,i
nsuff
ici
entdr
yingt
ime,l
owtemperat
ure.

3. Whatpr
obl
emsr
esul
tfr
om poormi
xi
ngofpai
nt?

Pooropaci
ty,
slowdr
ying,
poorgl
oss.

4. Whatt
ypeofst
ir
reri
susedwhenmi
xi
ngbyhand?

Proper
lymadest
ir
rershoul
dbeusedwhichislongenoughtor
eacht
he
bott
om oft
hecontai
nerandwi
thabroad,chi
selli
keedgeanda
Page23of24
 comf
ort
abl
ehandl
e.

5. Whatper
cent
ageoft
hinneri
snor
mal
l
yrequi
red?

Tenper
cent
.

6. Whati
sther
esul
tofov
ert
hinni
ng?

Thi
ncoat
ingwi
l
lresul
tinpoordur
abi
l
ityandal
owerr
esi
stancet
ocor
rosi
on.

7. Whati
sinduct
ionper
iod?

I
nmul
tipackpai
nts,
iti
sthet
imeoft
hemi
xtot
heappl
i
cat
iont
ime.

8. Whati
spotl
i
fe?

Thepotl
i
feisthet
imeli
mitwi
thi
nwhi
cht
hemi
xedcomponentcanbeused.
E.
g.fi
veminut
esat20
c.

9. Whatcondi
ti
onshowswhenpai
nti
sst
oredf
orl
ongper
iodsori
npoorar
eas?

Onagingpai
ntmaytendt
othickenorgooutofcondi
ti
on.Pai
ntt
endst
o
set
tl
eduri
ngstor
ageandaft
erprolongedper
iod.

10. Whati
sdr
yingt
ime?

Dr
yingti
meist
heperi
odwhen,
1.Solv
enti
sevapor
ati
ngfr
om t
hefil
m
2.Curi
ngbyoxi
dati
onorwhenchemical
react
ioni
staki
ngpl
ace.

11. Whati
sdr
yingt
imeaf
fect
edby
?

a.Temperat
ure
b.Pai
ntfi
lmthickness.
c.Vent
il
ati
on(concentr
ati
onofsol
vent
simmedi
atel
yabov
ethesur
face)

12. Whatdomanuf
act
urer
sdat
asheet
squot
efordr
yingt
ime?

Page24of25
 Touchdry:Whenthefi
lmisnolongertacky.
Harddry:
Whent hefi
l
mi ssuf
fi
cient
lyhardt oper
mitmeasur
ementofD.
F.T.
Ful
lcure:
Whenmaxi mum chemicalr
esistancehasbeenbui
l
tupwit
hint
he
coat
ing.

13. Whatdat
awoul
dyour
equi
ref
rom manuf
act
urerpr
iort
opai
ntappl
i
cat
ion?

Paintmanuf
act
urer
sshoul
dquotet
het
emper
atur
eatwhi
cht
hedr
ying
ti
mesareappli
cabl
ee.
g.20c.

14. Whatimprov
ementt
oapai
ntsur
facewoul
dbl
astcl
eani
nghav
eov
erot
her
methods?

Bet
tersur
facepr
epar
ati
oni
mpr
ovest
heper
for
manceofanycoat
ing.

15. Whati
sthef
undament
alpr
inci
pleofbl
astcl
eani
ng?

I
ti sthe remov
alofr ust
,mi l
l
scale,orot hersur
face cont
aminantby
proj
ecti
ng a hi
ghl
y concentrat
ed stream ofr el
ati
vely smal
labrasi
ve
part
icl
esathi
ghvel
oci
tyagainstthesurfacet
obecleaned.

16. Whatt
ypeofabr
asi
vescanbeused?

Chi
l
ledi
rongr
it
,cr
ushedsl
ag'
s,cer
ami
cgr
it
s.

17. Thedegr
eeofsur
facer
oughnessi
srel
atedt
owhat
?

Thedegreeofsurf
aceroughnessandtherat
eofcl
eani
ngdependpr
imar
il
y
onthecharact
eri
sti
csoftheabrasi
vegri
tused.

18. Whatabr
asi
vesar
ecommonl
yused?

Cr
ushedwal
lnutshel
l
s,gl
assandcr
ushedsl
ags,
var
iousmet
all
i
cshot
sand
gr
it
s.

19. Whyi
ssandandf
li
ntnott
obeusedf
orbl
astcl
eani
ng?

Duet
oheal
thhazar
d-f
ormat
ionofsi
l
icosi
s.

20. Namet
ypesofsur
facecl
eani
ngot
hert
hanbl
ast
ing.
Page25of26
1.Waterblasting
2.Manual cleaning
3.Fl
amecl eani ng
4.Needlegunni ng
5.Weathering
6.Aci
dpi ckli
ng
7.Degreasing.

Page26of27
 5.METHODSOFPAI
NTAPPLI
CATI
ON

1. Whatpoi
ntshav
etobeconsi
der
edwhenbr
ushpai
nti
ng?

Paintappli
cati
onhasasi gni
fi
canteffectont heli
feofapaintsyst
em.By
employing skil
l
ed pai
nters,applyi
ng paints underproperl
y cont
rol
l
ed
condit
ions,andonl
ysui
tableambientcondit
ionsoutsi
de.

2. Whatmet
hodofpai
ntappl
i
cat
ioni
sper
for
medf
orpr
imerandwhy
?

Brushpai
nti
ngissaidt ohaveachiev
edsuperiorwett
ingandistheonly
accept
abl
ewayt oapplysomeanticor
rosi
vepri
mers.Brushmar
ksleadsto
areasofl
owfil
m bui
ld.Rubbi
ngacti
onofabrushcanbeanaddit
ionalai
dto
getgoodadhesi
on.

3. Whatar
etheadv
ant
agesanddi
s-adv
ant
agesofr
oll
erappl
i
cat
ion?

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
1.Mobil
i
tyandl
owequipmentcost
. 1.Notsuitedf
orir
regul
arsurfaces.
2.Cl
eanert
hanspr
aygun. 2.Thinunevencoatswit
hmi sses/
pi
nholes.
3.Fast
ert
hanbr
ush. 3.Poorpenetr
ati
on,notsui
tedf oral
l
ty
pes
ofpaint
s.

4. Wheni
sdi
pcoat
ingused?

Obj
ect
scoatedbydi
ppingareusual
lypartofaconvey
orbel
tsyst
em i
n
whi
chstowi
ngisal
soinvol
vedinordertopreventmor
edri
ps.

5. Namemet
hodsofpowdercoat
ing.

1.Fl
uidbed,el
ectr
ostat
ict
echni
que.
2.El
ectr
ostati
cspray
.
Page27of28
6. Expl
ainel
ect
rost
ati
cspr
aywi
thadv
ant
agesanddi
sadv
ant
ages.

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
1.Nooverspr
ay. 1.Notsui
tableforwatert
hinnedpai
nts
or
heav
il
ypigment edmetal
li
ccoati
ng.
2.Ver
ycl
eant
ouse. 2.Equi
pmenti scostl
yandnoteasil
y
maneuvered.
3.Gr
eatsav
ingi
npai
nt

7. Whatt
ypesofspr
aypumpsar
eused?

1.Ai
rmotor
s
2.El
ect
ri
cal
l
ydr
ivenhy
draul
i
cpump.

8. Expl
ainconv
ent
ional
spr
ayi
ngwi
thadv
ant
agesanddi
sadv
ant
ages.

Thisinvolvesusingcompressedai
rtobothatomizedpaintandt oconveyi
t
tothesubst r
ate.
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
1.Highlyqualityfini
sh. 1.Paintf
ogandl ossofmat erial
.
2.Evenf i
lmt hickness. 2.Highequipmentcost .
3.Easyadj ustment . 3.Notalwayssuitedforoutdoorwork.
4.Applieswat erbor nesi
li
cat
es. 4.Unsuit
ableforhighbuil
dandhi gh
vi
scosit
ypaints.
5.Poorpenetrat
ion,ri
skofov erspr
ay.

9. Expl
ainai
rl
essspr
ayi
ngwi
thadv
ant
agesanddi
sadv
ant
ages.

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
1.Ver
yhighwor krat
e. 1.Highequi
pmentcost
.
2.Goodautomationwit
hli
tt
leorno 2.Dependsonpowersour
ce.
pai
ntf
og.
3.Pol
egunf orawkwardpl
aces. 3.Lessmobi
l
ethanbr
ush/r
oll
er.

Page28of29
4.Onlyreal
lysui
tabl
emethodf
ort
he 4.Ri
skofdr
yspr
ay.
appl
icati
onofhighbui
l
ds.
5.Goodpenet r
ator
. 5.Adj
ustment
sonl
ybychangi
ngt
he
nozzl
e.

10. Whatar
efl
uidt
ipsandwhatdot
heycont
rol
?

Readi
l
ychangeabl
epartofthegunandarefit
tedbytheret
aini
ngnut.
1.Contr
olst
hewidthofthespraypatt
ernbyvary
ingtheangleoft
hetip.
2.Contr
olst
hequanti
tyofpaintpassi
ngthr
ough.

11. Whyi
sar
ever
sibl
eheadused?

Tosaveremovi
ng,cl
eani
ngandr epl
aci
ngt
het
ipeacht
imet
ocl
eart
he
bl
ockagebysmall
parti
clesofdust.

12. Whatt ypeofflui

dlinehosesareusedandwhy ?
Speciall
ydesignedhighpressure,solventresist
ant,smallbor
ehoses,
rei
nforcedwithwiremesh, f
itt
edwi ththreadconnect i
on,swivel
fit
ted
betweenhoseandt hegunallowingfreemov ement.(Forremotelocat
ion
appli
cation)
13. Explai
nt headvantagesofair
lessspr ayoverconv enti
onalspray
.

1.Airl
essspr ayappl i
esmostt y
pesofpai ntmuchf ast
erthananyot her
manual lyoperatedmet hodofpai ntappli
ed.
2.Ast hepai nti snotunderpr essure,thepumpcanoper atefrom the
manuf acturer'
scan.
3.Noai risused.Noov erspray.
4.Auni f
ormt hickcoati sproduced,reduci
ngthenumberofcoats.
5.Av erywetcoati sappl i
edensur i
nggoodadhesionandflowout .
6.Mostpai ntscanbespr ayedwi t
hv er
ylit
tl
ethi
nning.
7.Fasterthanconv enti
onalspray.
8.Evenspr aypat t
er n,
cleanedge,cutti
ngatanglescanbeachieved.
9.Singl
ehose, easiertohandle.

Page29of30
 6.I
NSPECTI
ON,
STANDARDSANDSPECI
FICATI
ON.

1. Whatmaj
orf
act
ordet
ermi
nest
hesuccessofacoat
ing?

a.Envi
ronmentinwhichiti
splaced.
b.Temperatur
e,thecoat
inghastoendure.
c.Dir
ectimpact,
mechanicaldamage,wearorer
osi
on.
d.Chemical
s.
e.Servi
cecondit
ions.

Page30of31
2. Whyar
eenv
ironment
alt
est
scar
ri
edoutdur
ingapr
oject
?

a.Extremesofweat hercanbedet r
imentaltot hecoat
ingprocess.
b.Moi st
ureont hesurfacepreventsfi
lmf ormat i
onorreducest hequali
ty
ofcoat i
ngadhesion.
c.Hight emperatur
emaycauser apidevapor ati
onofsolventsorcr eat
ea
l
ay erofcoat i
ngatthesubstrateint
erface,whi chhasnotbeenabl eto
fl
ow.
d.Lowt emper at
uremayr educesolventev aporati
onrateorinterf
erewith
thecur ecy
cleofthecoating.

3. Expl
ainhowenv
ironment
alt
est
ingi
scar
ri
edout
?

a.Measuretheambientt
emperature(ai
r)andsubst
ratet
emperat
ure.
b.Rel
ati
vehumidit
yanddewpoi ntbytheuseofwhirl
inghygr
ometer.
c.Sur
facetemperat
ure-magneticdialt
ype.

4. Whenshal
lcoat
ingbenotappl
i
ed?

a.Duri
ngr ai
n,snoworhi ghwind.
b.Whent heairormetaltemperatureisdowntowit
hin3cofthedewpoi
nt
temperatur
e.
c.Whent heairormet altemperatur
eisbelow5c.(
accordi
ngtothepai
nt
manufacture).
d.Whent herelat
ivehumidit
yRHi sabove90%.
e.Substr
ateiswet .

5. Expl
ainhowwetf
il
mthi
cknessgaugesar
eused?

Thewetf
il
m gaugeshoul
dbepl
acedi
nthecoat
ingf
il
m ataangl
e90t
o
t
he
Surf
ace.Teethareexaminedaft
erimmer si
oni
nthewetcoat
ingsonthei
r
surf
ace
MeasureslessthantheW.F.
T.,whil
ethosewit
hnocoati
ngmeasuresmore
than
W.F.
T.Midoft heval
uesshallbetaken.

6. Whati
sBS7079?

Page31of32
 Prepar
ati
onofst
eel
subst
rat
esbef
oreappl
i
cat
ionofpai
ntsandr
elat
ed
pr
oducts.

7. Whati
srustgr
adeD?

Heav
il
ycor
rodedandpi
tt
edst
eel
.

8. Whati
sthewr
it
tenequi
val
entofSa21/
2?

Secondqual
i
tyt
oBS4232.

9. Howi
ssur
facet
emper
atur
emeasur
ed?

Bymagnet
icsur
facet
emper
atur
egauge.

10. Howaccur
atear
emagnet
icD.
F.T.gauges?

+/-10%.

11. Whatar
etheadv
ant
agesofel
ect
roni
cD.
F.T.gauge?

Electr
onicgaugescanbev er
ygoodwhent heyareproper
lycal
ibr
ated.
Accur
acyi s
veryprecise.Capabl
eofstori
ngmanymeasurements,maki
ngstati
sti
cal
anal
ysi
s
andpr i
nti
ngtheresul
tsonacomput
erpoi
nter
.

12. Whatv
olt
agei
susedf
orawetspongehol
i
daydet
ect
or?

Oper
ati
ngatv
olt
agesbel
ow100v
olt
s.(
nor
mal
l
yat67.
5vol
ts)

13. Whatst
andar
ddescr
ibest
heuseofhol
i
daydet
ect
or?

NACEst
andar
dRP-01-88.

14. Whati
stest
ex?Howi
situsedandwhatar
ethei
rli
mit
ati
ons?

TestextapePress-o-fi
l
mi sarepl
icatapecomposedofanincompressi
ble
Mylarbackingofknownthi
ckness(2mils)coat
edwithacompressi
blefi
l
m.
Peeloffonepieceoftape,removethebackingtapeandst
ickthetapeon
Page32of33
 theblastcleanedsur f
ace.Rubthet opsur faceoft het ape(i.
e.onthemi ddle
ofthest i
ckysect i
on)withabluntt oolsuchaser aserheadofapenci l
,unt i
l
thetapehaspi ckedupani mpressi onoft hebl ast -
cleanedsur f
ace.Sett he
dialt
apemi cr
omet ertothezeromar k.Putt het apei ntothejawsoft hedi al
tapemi cr
omet er
.Besureitisplacedont het apewi ndowonl y.Measuret he
readi
ng,subt racttwomi l
sfrom ther eading.Itgi vest hesurfaceprofil
e.I f
anchorpr ofi
leislessthan0.8mi lsorgr eatert han4. 5mi l
stestextapewi l
l
notgiveawor thwhi
lemeasurement .

15. Whenar
ehi
ghv
olt
agehol
i
daydet
ect
orsar
eusedandatwhatv
olt
age?

Hol
i
day
sinv
irt
ual
l
yanyt
hickness,
1000v
olt
s-20,
000v
olt
s.

16. Whati
sBS4800?

Schedul
esofpai
ntcol
our
sforbui
l
dingpur
poses.

17. Whati
s5493?

Codeofpr
act
icef
orpr
otect
ivecoat
ingofi
ronandst
eel
str
uct
ures.

18. Whati
sBS3900?

Met
hodoft
estf
orpai
nts.

19. Whati
sBS5750?

I
SO9000ser
ies-Qual
i
tysy
stem.

20. Whati
sani
nspect
or'
spr
imeconcer
n?

Moni
tor
ingqual
i
tyonacoat
ingpr
oject
.

21. Whyar
ever
bal
communi
cat
ionsi
mpor
tant
?

Needtocommuni
cat
eef
fect
ivel
y.Takeanobj
ect
ivev
iewofi
nter
per
sonal
ski
ll
s.

22. Whyar
ewr
it
tencommuni
cat
ionsi
mpor
tant
?

Page33of34
 Wri
teri
sawarewhowill
readthedocument,
whatisneeded,
topassont
he
r
equir
edinf
ormat
ion,
descri
betheacti
vi
ti
esetc.
,

23. Asani
nspect
orwoul
dyoubeexpect
edt
osuper
vise?

No.

24. Asani
nspect
orwhatdoy
ouconsi
derasy
ourmai
nresponsi
bil
i
ties?

a.Toensur ecompliancetot hespecifi

cation.
b.Toassesst hequalityofthewor k.
c.Toensur esafewor ki
ngmet hodsar eadopt ed.
d.Tor eportt
hedefici
ency/anydev iati
onf r
om thesetst
andar
ds.
e.Topr eparei
nspectionreports.
f. Toensureadherencetogoodwor kpracti
ces.

25. Doy
ouconsi
deragoodr
elat
ionshi
pwi
tht
hecl
i
entt
obei
mpor
tant
?

Yes.Goodworkingrel
ati
onshi
phel
pst
oresol
vepr
obl
ems,
toar
ri
veatan
amicabl
esol
ution.

26. Whatf
act
orsdet
ermi
net
hel
evel
ofi
nspect
ion?

Typeofprotecti
ontreat
ment,r
equir
ementsofthecoati
ng,
itsenduse,cost
ofinspect
ion,
quali
tyofsuper
visi
ontobeexpectedoft
hecoati
ngappli
cator
.

27. Whatwoul
dyouapai
nti
ngspeci
fi
cat
ioncont
ain?

a.I
tshouldoutl
ineapr ocedur
e.
b.Howmanymeasur ement saret
obet aken,
timeinter
valwheniti
stobe
done?
c.Whichinst
rumenttouse.
d.Whatwouldbet heinspecti
onauthori
tyandresponsi
bil
i
ty?
e.Guidel
i
neforcompl eti
onandsubmi ssi
onofinspecti
onrepor
ts.

28. Whatwoul
dapr
ejobconf
erencepr
ovi
de?

a.Contr
ibuteanunder
standi
ngoft heinspecti
oncri
ter
ia,
whi
char
e
speci
fied,
thet
oolsandmet hodsthatwillbeused.
Page34of35
 b.Ensur
ethatever
ycl assofthespecif
icat
ioni
sunder
stood.
c.Highl
i
ghtpotent
ialprobl
ems.
d.Torecor
dthepur poseofthemeeting.

29. Whatsaf
etycheckswoul
dani
nspect
orcar
ryoutpr
iort
obl
astcl
eani
ng?

a.Wor kpermi tobt ai

ned.
b.Ar easar ecor donedof( restr
ict i
ont oentry)
.
c.Ear t
hi ngisdone.
d.Displ ayofcaut ionboards.
e.Anobser vert owat chtheoper ati
on.
f. UseofPPE, overall
,br
idgingappar atus,shoesandeardef
ender
s.
g.Airinl etwit
houtanycont ami nation.
h.Equi pment sar echeckedf ort heirper f
ormance.
i
. Unaut hori
zedent r
yrestr
icted.

30. Whatcheckswoul
dani
nspect
orcar
ryoutpr
iort
opai
nti
ng?

a.Checkt hemaski ngofsensit

iveareasofsi
te,
electr
oniccomponent
s,
pl
atesetc.,
b.Ensureexi sti
ngcoatersar
eprotectedfr
om overspray
.
c.Checkcont aminantscr
eens.
d.Ensuret hatthehazardwarni
ngsignsareinplace.
e.Checkt heequi pment.
f. Checktheenv ir
onmentcondit
ions.

31. Whatsur
facepr
epar
ati
onchecksdoy
ouconsi
dert
obemosti
mpor
tant
?

a.Vi suall
yexami net hesubst ratepr iortobl astcl eaningorpowert ool
cl
eaning t o ensur et herei s no i nherent def ects or detr
imental
contami nationsuchasmud, oil,
orconst ructi
ondebr is.
b.Checkbl ast-cleaningai rt
oensur eitisfr
eeofoi l
andwat er
.
c.Checkt hatt heoi landwat ertrapsar efunct i
oningandempt yofwater
.
d.Obser v
e t he sur face pr epar at
ion l ooking f or unusual sur f
ace
conditi
ons/ col ourati
on.
e.Vi suall
ycheckt heabr asi
vebei ngused.
f. Measur eanchorpr ofi
leatl
eastoncef oreachhourofbl astcleani
ng.
g.Sur facecleanl iness-doesi tmeett hestandar d.
h.Sur facepr ofilepat t
ern.
i
. Unbl astedar eas.
Page35of36
 j
. Makescot
cht
apet
estt
oensur
edusthasbeenr
emov
ed.

7.HEALTHANDSAFETY.

1. Whatdocument
sst
ateheal
thandsaf
etyatwor
k?

Heal
thandsaf
etywor
kact1974(
HASWA)
.
Page36of37
2. Whaty
earwast
heheal
thandsaf
etyactpassed?

1974.

3. Whati
sani
nspect
or'
sfi
rstdut
ytoaccess?

Accesst
her
isk.

4. Howl
ongwoul
drecor
dsofper
sonal
exposedbekept
?

Thi
rt
yyear
s.

5. Whati
sE.
P.A?

Env
ironment
alpr
otect
ionact
.

6. Whati
sV.
O.C?

Vol
ati
l
eor
gani
ccompounds.

7. Whati
stheV.
O.C.r
egul
ati
onont
hemaxi
mum l
evel
ofpoundspergal
l
on?

4.
5poundspergal
l
on.

8. Howwoul
dst
ruct
urescoat
edbyl
eadbasedpai
ntsbebl
astcl
eaned?

Bl
astcl
eani
ngi
nanencl
osedenv
ironment
.

9. Namesomeheav
ymet
alsusedi
ncoat
ingandpai
nti
ng.

Redl
ead,
zincchr
omat
e,chr
omel
ead.

10. I
sper
sonal
prot
ect
ionequi
pmenti
mpor
tant(
PPE)
?

Yes.I
tisamustf
orsaf
ewor
king.

11. Whatt
ypesoff
il
ter
sar
eusedf
orbr
eat
hingappar
atus?
Page37of38
 Char
coal
fil
ter
s.

12. Howwoul
dyour
emov
eorr
educer
isk?

a.Ceasingt ouset hepr ocess,whi chusesthehazardousmat er

ial
,orby
substitut
inganal ternatemat eri
al.
b.Providesuf fi
cientv enti
lati
oni ntheareatoreducet hehazardtonon-
hazard.
c.Encloset heareacompl etel
y.
d.Restrictaccesst othear ea.
e.Providepr ot
ectiveclothing,breat
hingequi
pment,ppe.

13. Whattypeofpr
otecti
veclot
hingisrequi
red?
Longsleev
ecover-
all
,ful
ll
eatherpr
otect
ivesui
ti
ngf
ort
hebl
ast
-cl
eani
ng
oper
ator.

14. Whati
stoxi
cit
y?
Ri
skofexpl
osi
oninanencl
osedenv
ironment
.

15. WhatisL.E.
L?
Lowerexposur
elev
el.

16. Whati
sP.P.
M?
Par
tspermi
ll
ion.

17. Whatisusedforgastest
ing-l
i
stequi
pment
.
a.Explosiv
emeter.
b.Draggermeter.
c.Tri
at ect
or.
d.Oxygenmet er
.

18. Whenmustapai
ntcont
ract
orr
egi
sterwi
tht
heE.
P.A?

Whenappl
yi
ngmor
ethant
went
ytonsofpai
ntorf
ivet
onsofsol
vent
.

19. Pai
nti
ngcont
ract
orsar
emoni
tor
edt
oensur
ewhat
?

Hydr
ocar
bonssolventemissi
onr
atesar
elessthan50mgofcar
bonper
cubi
cmetrecoat
ings,250mgperli
tr
eofsolv
ent.
Page38of39
20. Whati
sawor
kper
mitandwhyi
tisr
equi
red?

Work document ati

on syst
em thatmustbe f ol
lowed befor
e worki s
perf
ormedi nahazardousenvi
ronment.Requi
rementsforent
rytoconf
ined
spaces.Restr
ict
iononaccess,
equipmentandworki
ngmet hod.
8.CATHODI
CPROTECTI
ON.

1. Whati
scor
rosi
on?

Cor
rosi
oni sanelect
rochemical
process.Corr
osi
onist
hedecayor
det
eri
orat
ionofthesurfaceduetoint
eracti
onwit
htheenv
ironment
.

2. Whatf
act
orscanpr
eventcor
rosi
on?

a.Materialsel
ecti
on.
b.Protecti
vecoating.
c.Cathodicprotecti
on.

3. Namesev
ent
ypesofcor
rosi
on.

a.Sur facecorrosion.
b.Pitt i
ngcorrosion.
c.Str esscorrosioncracki
ng.
d.Fret ti
ngcorrosion.
e.Cr evicecorrosion.
f. Cor r
osioninaci doral
kali
neenv
ironment
.
g.Bact erial
corrosion.

4. Whatf
act
orsi
nfl
uencecor
rosi
on?

a.Temperat
ure.
b.Humidi
ty.
c.Surf
acecondit
ionoft
hemet
al.
d.Ti
me.
e.Eff
ectofst
ress.
Page39of40
 f
. At
mospher
icpol
l
uti
on.

5. Howwi
l
lcoat
inghel
ptopr
eventcor
rosi
on?

a.Preventsorrestri
ctscontactbet
weent heenv i
ronmentandthe
substrat
e.
b.Releasessubstances(inhibi
tor
s)whichr epel
attackbytheenv
ironment
.
c.Producesanel ectr
iccurr
ent,whichprotectst
hesubstrate.

6. Whati
scat
hodi
cpr
otect
ion?

Cathodicprot
ect
ioni
stheprocessofr
educi
ngorel
iminat
ingcor
rosi
onby
al
teri
ngt hefl
owofel
ectr
iccurr
enti
nsuchawaythatanodesbecome
cathode.

7. Namet
wot
ypesofcat
hodi
cpr
otect
ionsy
stem.

a.Sacr
if
ici
alanodesystem.
b.I
mpressedcurrentsy
stem.

8. Li
stmet
alsi
nthenobl
eor
der
.

a.Gold. b.Si
lver
c.Copper d.Hydrogen
e.Lead f.Ni
ckel
g.Ir
on h.Zinc
i
.Aluminium j.Magnesium

9. Li
stanodesnor
mal
l
yusedf
or

a.Pi
pel
inesi
nthegr ound-Magnesi
um.
b.Pi
pel
inesunderthesea. -Zi
nc.
c.Fi
xedseastr
uctures -ZincorAlumi
nium.

10. Expl
ainst
raycur
rentef
fect
s.

Othermet
alst
ruct
uresneartot
hegroundbedmaycauseCPcur rentt
ofl
ow
i
n an unpr
edi
ctabl
ef ashi
on.Int
erf
eri
ng st
ruct
ures t
o be connect
ed t
o
Page40of41
 el
ect
ri
cresi
stor
.

11. Expl
aincat
hodi
cdi
sbondi
ng.

Ifthei mpressedcurr
entisgreat
erthant hecor r
osioncurrentt heyar e
str
ongenought ogenerat
egasesatthemet alsurf
acebyel ectrolysi
sof
moistureont hesur
face.Thegasgenerat
edpushest hecoatingf r
om t he
surfaceandcausesadhesi
onfai
lur
ebeneaththeedgeoft hecoating.

12. Whati
nfor
mat
ioncanbegat
her
edusi
ngsur
veyt
echni
ques?

a.Measur
ementofsoil
resisti
vi
ty.
b.Measur
ementofcorr
osionpotenti
al.
c.Pear
sonsurv
ey(forl
ocationofhol
idaysi
ncoat
ing)
d.I
nter
fer
encesur
vey.

13. Whati
smi
l
lscal
e?I
sitmor
enobl
ethanst
eel
?

Mil
lscal
eisat
hinblack,
flakylayerofoxi
dizedir
onf or
medont
hest
eel
dur
ingit
smanufact
ure.Millscal
eismor enoblethansteel
.

14. Whati
scal
ori
sing?

Calorisi
ngi samethodofimpregnat
ingal
umini
um powderont
oandintoa
met alsurfaceathi
ghtemperat
ure(700to800
c)produci
ngasur
facewit
h
excellentcorr
osi
onresi
stant
.

15. Whati
sst
ainl
essst
eel
?

I
tisanal
l
oyofi
ronandchr
omi
um.

16. Whati
scor
ten?

I
tisal
ow-
gradest
ainl
essst
eel
.

17. Whati
sMonel
?
Page41of42
 I
tisanal
l
oyof70%ni
ckel
,25%copperandi
ron,
magnesi
um andsi
l
icon.

18. Wher
eiscupr
o-ni
ckel
used?

Wher
eer
osi
onandcor
rosi
onmi
ghtoccur
.

19. Expl
ainani
mpr
essedcur
rentCPsy
stem.

Voltage f r
om an ext er
nalpowersour ce cal
led tr
ansformerr ecti
fieris
i
mpr essedont hecir
cuitbetweent hepipeli
neandbur iedeart
hconnect i
ons
knownasgr oundbedr esult
ingi nadi r
ectcurrentbeingdischarged.I n
discharging curr
entt o eart
ht he ground bed mat eri
alis subjected to
corrosion.Thei mpressedcurr entsystem canbeusedi nalltypesofsoi l
resisti
vit
ies,thegreaterther esist
ivi
ty,thegreaterthedr i
vi
ngv ol
tageor
numberofanodest oachieveCP.

20. Whycor
rosi
oni
spar
ti
cul
arl
ysev
erei
nindust
ri
alandmar
ineenv
ironment
s?

a.Vari
ationinoxy gencontentonthest eelsurface( wet/dry)
b.RH%( above60%i scr i
ti
cal
)
c.Presenceofimpur iti
esinair(
acids,alkali
,saltetc.)
d.Highernobil
itymet al
sincontactwitht hesteel (
e.g.mil
lscale)
e.Temper atur
e( ambientandsubst r
atet emperature)

PAPER1.(
B-gas)PAI
NTI
NGGRADE3,
2.

1. Descr
ibewhyandhowcor
rosi
onoccur
s.

Corr
osi
onisanel
ectr
ochemi
calprocesscal
l
edelect
rol
ysi
s,whi
chr
esul
ts
fr
om ananodi
creact
ionandatl
eastonecathodi
creacti
on&metali
ron
Page42of43
 reducti
on.
Whenev eramat eri
alwhichi shav i
ngfree+v eionsi simmersedinan
elect
rol
ytehave-veionsorfreeelectr
ons,metalisreducedtoi
tsoxi
deby
chemicalbondi
ngprocess.Thisi
scalledcor
rosionofmet al
s.

2. Descr
ibewhati
smeantbybi
met
all
i
ccor
rosi
on.

Bimetal
l
iccorr
osi
onoccurswhentwodiff
erentmetalsar
eattachedcl
ose
toget
her.Thl
essnobl
eofthetwomet al
swillactasananodetothenobl
er
one,t
hecathodeandwil
lsacr
if
icei
tsel
f.

3. Descr
ibet
hef
oll
owi
ng.

a.Thegal v anicseries:ist hatmet alscarryanor derofnobi l

it
yt ocor
rode.
Thisnobi lit
yisfoundbyt est i
ngi nseawater.Gol dandsi lv
ercor r
odeless
quickl
yt hancoppermi l
lscal e,steel
,aluminium andzi nc.Sowecanuse
thegalv anicseriest obr i
ngaboutcat hodicpr otectiontosteel.
b.Millscale:isabl ackf lakyl ay erofoxidi
zedironf oundonst eelduri
ngits
manuf act ure.
c.Rustgr adest oSI S05- 5900: Therearefourgr ades.
GradeA-Cov eredwi t
hmi l
l scale,wit
hlitt
leornor ust.
GradeB-Ami xtureofmi ll
scal eandr ust.
GradeC-Nomi llscale,sur facei ssl
ightl
yrust ed.
GradeD-Heav i
l
yr ustedandpi tt
ed.
d.Blastcleani nggradest oSIS05- 5900:Therear ef ourstandards.
Sa1-Li ghtblastcl ean.
Sa2-Thor oughbl astclean.
Sa21/ 2-Ver ythor oughbl astcl ean.
Sa3-Bl astcleaningt ov isual l
ycleansteel.

4. Descr
ibet
hedi
ff
erencebet
weenwat
erbl
ast
ingandpr
essur
ewashi
ng.

Wat erblastingiscar ri
edoutatv er
yhi ghpsiandwi thaddedabr asivesto
remov ethemostcont aminati
ons-cancutapr ofi
leinsteel
.Alsov er
ygood
i
nr emov ingt oxi
ccoat i
ngs.Iti
sexcel l
entatcleaningtubebundles.Pressure
washi ngisal ow-pressur
ewat ersy stem mainlyusedf orcl
eaningpai nt
ed
surfaces,itcanal sobeusedwi thadet ergentforremov alofsal
ts,chlori
des,
andcont ami nat
ionf r
om subst r
ates.Ver yusef ultoolinthemai ntenance
paintfiel
d.

Page43of44
5. Nametwot est
susedtodet
ermi
net
hepr
esenceofhy
groscopi
csal
tsl
eft
ona
bl
astcl
eanedsurf
ace.

Pot
assi
um fer
ri
-cyani
detest-forsolubl
eir
onsal
ts.
Si
lv
erni
trat
etest-forsol
ublechlor
idesalt
s.

6. Namef ourexpendabl
eabrasi
vesandst
atet
hedi
ff
erencebet
weenan
expendabl
eandar eusabl
eabrasi
ve.

Expendableabr asi
ves-Glassflakes,copperslag,garnetshell
s,ice,walnut
shell
s, coconutshells.
Expendableabr asi
ves-Theycannotber eusedafterblasti
ng.Theyf al
lwith
hi
gh
i
mpactov ert he steelsur
face and shat t
ered,and on f al
li
ng becomes
powder y.Can
beusedonl yonet i
me.
Reusableabrasive-Af t
erbl
ast
ingt heycanber eusedupt otwent
yt i
mes.E. g.
steel
i
ron,shotwi t
hgr it
.Itcanbereclai
med,cl eanedandmoni t
oredfort hesize
before
reusi
ng.

7. Namethethreebasicconst
it
uentsofasol
ventcar
ryi
ngpai
ntsandt
he
f
unct
ionseachperformsinthepaint
s.

a.Binder:Itbindst hepar ti
cletogether,holdst hem i nsuspensi onand
givesthepaintitsfini
sh,fl
exibi
li
ty,
givesgoodadhesi ontot hesur face.It
convertst oasol i
ddr yf i
l
m andgi vesr esi
stancet owat er ,alkalisand
abrasion.
b.Pigment :Giv
escol ourandopacitytothepai nt
.Gi vesresi
stancet oacids,
al
kalis,l
ight.
c.Solvent:Formst heev apor at
ivepartoft hedr yingpr ocess.Thi nsthe
paintforeasyappl icat
ion.Washesoutt heequi pmentandbr ushescan
actasadegr easi
ngagenti fapproved.

8. Namesi
xpi
gment
sandgi
vet
hei
rrespect
ivecol
our
s.

Page44of45
 Cal
cium plumbate - Creamywhi te
Redironoxide,
Redl ead - Red
Zi
ncchr omate - Yel l
ow
Phthalocy
amebl ue - Bl
ue
Phthalocy
amegr een - Gr een
Burntumber - Brown
Zi
ncphosphat e - White
Coaltar - Brownishblack.

9. Descr
ibewhatqual
i
tiesal
ami
narpi
gmentgi
vest
opai
ntandnamef
our
pi
gments.

I
tgiv
esahighresi
stantcoati
ngtothepassageofwater,
E.
g.M.I
.O,
graphi
te,gl
assflakes,
mica,al
umini
um fl
akes.

10. Descr
ibea)abar
ri
erpai
ntsy
stem,
b)asacr
if
ici
alpai
ntcoat
ing.

Abarri
erpai ntsystem isalowper meabi l
it
ycoat i
ngsy stem,nor
mal l
yaf our
-
coatsystem.Pr imer,t
iecoat ,
M. I
.Ohighbuildandat opcoat .
Asacrif
icialpaintcoati
ngisusual lyzincoraluminium basedpai nt
,whichis
l
essnobl ethant hesteelsubstratethatisbeingcoat ed.Sothelessnobleis
coati
ng(anode)sacr if
icesitsel
ftot henoblersteelsubstrat
e(cathode)
.

11. Descr
ibewhatat
ie-
coati
sandgi
vet
hreer
easonswhywemayr
equi
reone.

At ie-
coatisapai nt
,whichcant i
etwonor mall
yincompati
blesystems
together,mai
nlyusedformaintenancepaint
ing.I
tisusedinant i
-f
ouling
system.
Reasons:To getpr operadhesion,to av
oid bl
eedi
ng,to avoi
d solvent
stri
pping.

12. Descr
ibeatypi
cal
pai
ntmanuf
act
uri
ngpr
ocessandgi
vet
het
wot
ypesof
pai
nt
mil
lwhichcoul
dbeused.

Selectr awmat er
ials,millthepaint,carr
youtanyQCt esti
ngr equirements,
cant hepai nt,
storei nthewar ehouseandt hendist
ribut
ethepai nt.
Directchar gemi l
l
, ball
mi ll
,at
triat
ormi l
l
.
Ballmi ll
-itgri
ndsal lther awi ngr
edientstogether
.Premixmillt akesal
lthe
premi xedi ngr
edientsandr efi
nest hi
smi xtur
et ohighquali
typai ntusedin
Page45of46
 l
argebat
chi
nrun.

13. Descr
ibewhaty
ouknowofv
iscosi
tyandoutl
i
neonemet
hodoft
est
ing.

Viscosit
yisthemeasur eoff luidr esi
stancet ofl
ow.I tisusedt ofindt he
amountofsol v
entt hatisaddedt ot hepai nt
.Iti
stestedat20+/ -0.
5c.
Fordf l
owcup#4i sused.Bringy ourpai nttemperatureto20c.placey our
fi
ngerov ert
hehol eofthecup, fil
lwi t
hpai nt
,lev
eloffthepaintwithruler
.
Notet heti
met akeni.e.howlongt hepai ntfl
owsbef orethebreakcomesi n
theflowofthepaintwheny our emov ethef i
ngerfrom thehole.

14. Descr
ibewhatdoy
ouknowofdensi
ty.

Densi
tyi
swei
ghtperuni
tvol
ume.Uni
ts=gms/
cubi
ccent
imet
re.

15. Cany
ouuseabananagaugeov
er

a.AnM.I
.Ocoat
ing - No
b.Anal
umini
um subst
rat
e- No.
c.Agal
vani
zedsurf
ace - Yespr
ovi
dedi
tisov
erst
eel
sur
face.

16. Descr
ibeadest
ruct
ivet
estf
ordet
ermi
ningt
hedr
yfi
l
mthi
cknessofpai
nt.

PAINTINSPECTOR'SGAUGE( P.I
.G)
:Cuta'V'cutshapedchannelsovert
he
pai
ntfil
m coatedoveranarea.Pl
aceitov
erami croscopeandmeasur et
he
thi
cknessoft hepaintandhow manycoat saret her
e.Todet er
minethe
compatibi
l
itybet
weendiffer
entcoat
s.

17. Gi
vef
ourar
ti
fi
cial
weat
her
ingdev
icesanddescr
ibewhatt
heysi
mul
ate.

a.Saltsprayt est-I ti
susedt osi
mul atemar i
neenvir
onment.
b.Wat ersoapt est-Itisatestf
orpai ntf
il
m permeabili
ty.
c.Tropical box-I tisusedtosimulatehighhumi denvir
onment.
d.Coldcr ackingt est-Iti
susedtocheckt hecontr
acti
onatv er
ylow
temper ature.
e.Temper aturecy cli
ng-Iti
susedt osimul at
ealt
ernatelowandhigh
temper atureofapai nt
.
Page46of47
18. Whatisthenameofthei
nst
rumentwhichmeasuresopaci
tyandgi
vet
wo
examples
Crypt
ometer-a)Pf
undCr
yptomet
er,b)Hidi
ngpowerchart
.

19. Descri
beadol l
ytestforadhesi on.
a.Cleant hesubst
ratecoat edwi ththepaint.Degreaseitandr
oughen.
b.Attachdollybyregulararaldit
e.
c.Leav e24hourst i
meat25 c.
d.Af t
erwardscutaar ounddol lytoisol
atet hesubstrat
e.
e.Appl ypull
offorceandnot edownt hepr essure(psi)
.
f. Noteatwhatpressur ethef ai
lureoccurs.
g.Whatt ypesoffail
ureoccur s( cohesi
ve/adhesi ve)

20 Howdoest hefoll
owi ngwork?
a)Conventionalspraysetup
b)Ai
rl
essspr aysy stem
c)El
ectrostati
cspr aysyst
em.

a)Conv entionalspr aysetupi susedf orrelati

vel
ylow pr essuresandt hin
mat erial
s.Al sot hecupgundoesnothol dbigquantiti
esofpai nt.Soy ou
aref oreverf il
li
ngt hem up.Al sothegr avi
tyandsuctiongunscanonl ybe
usedi nt heupr ightposition.
b)Airlessspr aysy stem isav eryf astsystem forappl yingpai nttov ery
l
ar gear eas,r oughl yonesquar emet reperminute,largespr aypat tern
andappl i
est hickcoat i
ngi noneappl icati
on.
c)Elect rostaticspr aysy stem requiresaspeci alspraygun,whi chappl ies
char get ot hepai ntpart
icles.Thesubst rateisposit
ivelyeart
hedandt he
paintpar ticlesar egivenanegat ivechar geatthet i
past heyl eavet he
gun.Sot hepai ntparti
clesgot otheear thandwr apt hemselv esaround
thenor mal l
yt ubul arcomponent sandaev encoatingi sobt ained,very
l
ittl
ewast ageofpai nt.

21. Howi
sBS4800usedi
ntheconst
ruct
ioni
ndust
ry?

Itspecif
ies100col oursoutofthe237i nBS5252.Iti
susedtoident
if
yt he
exist
ingcol ourpaintforwhichmaintenancepai
nti
nghastobedone.I tis
usefulforthemanuf actur
er'
stover
ifywiththest
andar
dcolour
sgiveninBS
4800( 100col our
s).

Page47of48
22. Whatar
etheessent
ial
dif
fer
encesbet
weenbl
i
sterandosmot
icbl
i
ster
?

Expansionorcont r
acti
onofthepaintfi
l
m agai nstthesubstrat
eusually
causesdryblist
ers.Osmoti
cbli
steri
sablist
er,whichcontainsgas,li
qui
d,
orcryst
al.I
tiscausedbytheentr
apmentofsolvent,hygr
oscopicsal
ts.I
tis
usuall
ydomeshaped.

23. Whatshal
lpai
nti
ngequi
pmentcompl
ywi
thwhenbei
ngusedont
heBgas
si
te?

Tot
hepai
ntmanuf
act
urer
'sr
ecommendat
ion.

24. Howdot
hef
oll
owi
ngdi
spl
ayt
hei
rchar
act
eri
sti
cs?

Bleedi ngi sadi scol ourati

onofanewpai ntappl iedov eranol done.Bi t
umen
andpai nt scont ainredpi gment sar epar ticularlyproblemat i
c.
Bloomi ng.I ti swher eaf inishingpai ntassumesami l
kyt y peappear ance
andt hel ossofgl ossduet ocol ourordampenedai rset t
lingont hepai nt
bef orei twasdr y.
Chal king.Pai ntbecomespowder yorchal ky .Breakdownoft hebinderdue
toul trav iol etlightandal soduet opoorweat hercondi ti
on.
Cissi ng.I n-compl etepaintf il
msduet opai ntov eroilandgr ease.
Grinni ng.Seei ng t heunder ly
ing sur facet hrought hef inishcoat .Colour
cont rast , lackofopaci ty.
Floccul at i
on.Separ ati
ngoutpai ntconst i
t uentsi nthet i
nandt herefusalt o
best i
rredbackt ogetheragai n.
Lifti
ng.At tempt ingpaintov er,under neathacoat i
ng,whichi snotf ull
ycur ed.
Theev apor ati
ngsol ventwi llli
ftup, pickingup.
Roopi ness.Br ushmar ksi napai ntedsur f ace.
Solv entst rippi ng.Pai ntwi t
h a power fulsol ventwi l
ll iftt he coat i
ng
under neat hduet othepoweroft hesol vent .
Oxidi zat ion.Thedr yi
ngpr ocessbet weencer t
ainbindersandoxy gene. g.
alky dr esi n.
Chemi calcur i
ng.Themi xingoft wocomponent swhichpr oducesdr yi
ngi na
two- packpai nt .
Ov erspr ay .Pai ntwhi chi snotgoi ngt osubst r
ate.Paint,whi chf al
lsov eran
areawhi ch, i
snotr equiredt obepai nted.

25. Defi
net
hefol
lowing,Dew poi
nt,Rh,I
nduct
ionper
iod,Potl
if
e,Fl
ashpoi
nt,
Shel
fLi
fe,Batch No.,Maski
ng outA.G.I
,Rustblooming,Waterbor
ne
Page48of49
 coat i
ng, BSa21/ 2, Feat her ing, ASt 3, PA9, P10.
Dew poi nt :The t emper at ure atwhi ch condensat i
on woul df orm on a
subst rat e.
RH:Theamountofwat erv apouri nt heai rexpr essedasaper cent ageand
cal cul atesf rom t hewetanddr ybul bt emper atures.
Induct ionPer iod:Thel engt hoft imeapai ntisr equi r
edt ost andaf t
ermi xi
ng
andbef or eappl i
cat ion,t oal low t heai rbul bt oescapeandorchemi cal
react i
onst ot akepl aceandi sspeci fi
edbyt hepai ntmanuf actur er.
Potl ife:Thel engt hoft i
me( followi ngi nduct ion)t hatapai ntr emai nsinan
appl icabl econdi tionaccor di ngt ot hemanuf acturer '
sinstructions.
Flashpoi nt:Thel owestt emper atureatwhi chagi venmat erialwi l
lflash, i
fa
flameorspar ki spr esent .
Shel fl ife:Maxi mum i nterv ali nwhi chamat er i
almaybest oredi nausabl e
condi tion.
Bat chnumber :Manuf actur er '
sdat anumberf orpr oduct i
ondat e.
Maski ng out :Mustbe car ried outon i tems t o be pr otect ed dur i
ng
pr epar at ionandpai nting, itemsnor mal l
ymaskedoutar econt rol equi pment ,
firepr ot ect i
onequi pment ,wel dends,sensi ngandspr ayingheads,name
plat es.
A. G.I: Abov egr oundi nstal lation.
Rustbl oomi ng:I tiscausedbymoi stureorhumi dityonnew bl ast edst eel
andshowsupbef or epr i
mi ng.
Wat erbor necoat ing: Onewhosesol ventiswat er.Itdriesbycoal escent .
BSa21/ 2:Rustgr adeB.Mi xt ureofmi l
lscal eandr ust .Pr epar edbyv ery
thor oughbl astcl eani ng.
Feat her i
ng:Smoot hingbackt hecoat ingedget oal l
owr epair.Pai ntt of l
ow
i
nt oandpr oduceasmoot hedgesi .e.smoot hingdownofr oughpai ntedges.
ASt 3: Notpossi ble.
PA9:Bgasdocumentpr oper t
iesandper for mancer equi r
ement sr eferto
theor der ingofpai nt sandper for manceofpai ntssy stems.Anypai ntused
onB- gaswor kmustcompl ywi thPA9.
PA 10:I ti st het echni calnamespeci f
icationf ornew andmai nt enance
pai ntingatwor ksandsi tef orabov egr oundpi pelineandpl anti nstallati
ons
andi sar rangedi ntot hreesect ions.Pr i
mar yi nfor mation,gener alpai nti
ng
i
nf or mat ion, informat ionf orspeci fi
cpai ntingappl i
cations.

26. Gi
veasmuchdet
ail
sasy
oucanf
ort
hef
oll
owi
ng.

SPA 1:Appli
est
othepai nt
ingatworkorsi
teofnew i
nst
all
ati
onand
component
sandmai
ntenancepai
nt.(
CS)
Page49of50
 SPA2:Forindooruseandshortterm uses.
SPA 3:New inst
all
ati
onandmai ntenance,abov
e100
c,upt
o340
c,and
abov
e.
SPA4:Painti
ngofdampf err
oussur faces.
SPA6:Painti
ngofnon-f
erroussurfaces.

PAPER2.(
B-gas)PAI
NTI
NGGRADE3,
2.

1. Whatki
ndofpr
ocessi
scor
rosi
on?

El
ect
rochemi
cal
process.

2. Whatpart
icul
arprobl
emsr
elat
etot
hemai
ntai
ningofanef
fect
ivecoat
ing
sy
stem i
nsplashzone?

Rapi
dchangei
noxygen,
sal
tspray
,growthofmarineli
fe,
accesst
othe
wor
king
ar
eaisdi
ffi
cul
t.Wav
eimpactanderosi
on.Mechanical
damageduetoshi
p
movement.

3. Whatf
act
orsi
nfl
uencet
her
ateofcor
rosi
on?

a.Vari
ati
oni noxygencontentonsteel
sur
face(
wetanddr
y)
b.RHper centageabove60%.
c.Highernobili
tymetal
sincontact
.
d.Ai
rbor neacids,al
kal
isandsalt
s.

4. Whatil
lsmil
lscal
eandwhyi
tisapar
ti
cul
arpr
obl
em whenat
tempt
ingt
o
pr
otectst
eel
?

Page50of51
 Mil
lscal
eisanoxidi
zedi
ron.Millscalei
snobl
erthanst
eel
sot heexposed
ar
easofsteel
(anode)wi
l
l sacr
if
iceitsel
ftopr
otectt
hemil
lscale(
cathode)
.

5. WhatisthenumberoftheSwedi
shst
andar
dcont
ainedwithi
nBS7079and
l
istt
herustandbl
asti
nggradest
oget
herwi
tht
hei
rbr i
efr
elevantt
it
les?

RUSTGRADE BLASTINGGRADE
RustgradeA-Cov eredinmillscal
ewith Sa1-Li
ghtblastclean.
l
it
tleornorust.
RustgradeB-Ami xtur
eofmi l
lscal
e Sa2-Thoroughblastcl
ean.
andrust.
RustgradeC-Mi l
lscale,r
ustedwith Sa21/2-Verythoroughblastcl
ean.
sl
ightsurf
acepit
ti
ng.
RustgradeD-Heav i
l
yrustedandpitt
ed. Sa3-Blastcl
eanandv i
suall
yclean.

6. Namethreetest
sforl
ocat
inghy
groscopi
csal
tsandmi
l
lscal
eonabl
ast
cl
eanedsurf
ace.

Potassium ferri
cyanidet
est - Solubl
eironsal
ts
Si
lvernitr
ate - Sol
ublechlor
ides
Coppersul phate - Mil
lscal
e
7. Whatf actorsinfl
uencehowcleanandhowr oughthesur
facebecomes
af
terblastcleaning.

Usingthecorrectabrasi
vesensuringthatsi
ze,har
dness,densi
tyandshape
arethecorrectforthesubstr
ate.
Oper at
or'
sabili
tytoensureproperspeeds,angl
esanddistancepl
usspeed
(t
ime) .
Surfaceprofi
leandcleanli
ness.

8. Regardi
nghandandpowertool
cleani
ngst
atewhatal
way
sconcl
udest
his
processandt
owhatstandar
ds.

Wirebrushing:Brushesmustbemadef r
om phosphor,br
onzeorberyl
l
ium
bronze.
St2-Thor oughhand&mechani cal
cleani
ng(manual).
St3-Ver yt hor
oughhand&mechani cal(
mechanical
).Usedonrustgr
ades
B,
C,D.

Page51of52
9. Whatt
hreebasi
cingr
edi
ent
smakeupat
radi
ti
onal
sol
ventcar
ryi
ngpai
nt?

Bi
nder
,pi
gmentandsol
vent
.

10. Whatar
ethef
unct
ionsofeachoft
heset
hreei
nasol
ventcar
ryi
ngpai
nt?

Binders:Itbindst heparti
clestogetherandholdst hem i
nsuspension.Gives
thepaintitsf i
nish,makest hecoatingadheret othesurfaces,gi
ves
fl
exibil
it
y.Conv ertstoasol iddryfi
lm, r
esi
stancet owaterandchemi cal
s.
Pigment s:Givescol ourandopaci t
yt othepaint.Resi
stancetoalkali
s,aci
ds
andl i
ght.
Solvent:Br ushes & equi pmentcl eaner,thins the paint,degreases i
f
approved.f ormst heevapor at
ivepartofthedryingprocess.

11. Namef i
vei
temsthatcanbeincl
udedi
npai
ntt
oimpr
ovei
tsper
for
manceor
sui
tabi
l
ityf
oracert
ainuse.

Dri
erorcatal
yst,ext
ender
s,pl
ast
ici
ers,t
hixot
ropi
c agent
,ant
iski
nni
ng
agent
,st
abi
l
izer
.

12. I
dent
if
ysi
xpai
ntsbyt
hei
rbi
ndername.

Poly
urethane,alkyd,chlori
nat
ed rubber
,epoxy
,emul
sion,al
umi
nium,
achrol
i
c, v
inyl
,si
l
icon,cel
l
uloseandzi
nc.

13. Namef
ourbi
nder/sol
ventcombi
nat
ion.

Epoxy - Acetone.
Chlori
natedrubber - Xyl
ene.
Alkydresin - Whit
espirit
.
Emulsion - Water.

14. Namesi
xopaquepi
gment
stoget
herwi
tht
hei
rrespect
ivecol
our
s.

Cal
cium plumbate - Creamywhite
Redironoxide - Red
Redlead - Red
Zi
ncchr omate - Yell
ow
Zi
ncphosphat e - White
Coaltar - Darkbrownorbl
ack.
Page52of53
15. Descr
ibewhatal
ami
narpi
gmenti
s.

Thelaminarpigment(M.I
.O,Mica,gl
assfl
akes)par
ti
cleshapet
inyhandsor
l
eaves,upondr y
ingtheyi
nter
weav eandoverl
apeachothertofor
m aleave
ty
pe.Surfaceprovi
desalowper meabil
i
tyt
owat er
.

16. Whati
sthedi
ff
erencebet
weenaconv
ert
ibl
eandanon-
conv
ert
ibl
ecoat
ing?

Conver
tibl
ecoati
ngdri
esbychemical
l
ychangi
ngupon,
aft
erwardsi
tcannot
besoft
enedordamagedbyi tsownsolv
ent.Non-
conv
ert
ibl
ecoati
ngdries
bysolventevapor
ati
ononly
.Itcannotbedamagedorsof t
enedwheni t
cont
actswithit
sownsolv
ent.

17. Def
inet
het
ermi
nduct
ionper
iod.

Thel engt
hoft hetime,thetwopackhast ost
andaftermixi
ng,bef
ore
applyi
ngf oral
l
owingtheairbubbl
estoescapeandchemicalr
eact
ionhas
totakeplaceandi
sstatedbythemanufact
urer
.

18. Def
inet
het
erm potl
i
fe.

Thelengthoft i
meaft
erinduct
ionthetwo-packpai
ntremai
nsi
nanappl
yi
ng
condi
tion,accordi
ngt
othemanuf act
urer
'sinst
ruct
ions.

19. Def
ineabar
ri
ersy
stem ofcoat
ing.

Thistype ofcoati
ng i
solat
es t
he subst
rat
efr
om t
he env
ironmentby
prov
idi
ngal owper
meabil
it
ycoati
ngsyst
em.

20. Def
inet
het
ermt
ie-
coatandgi
veanexampl
eofi
tsuse.

A coat used t
o apply ov
er t
wo i
ncompat
ibl
e coat
ings e.
g.dur
ing
mai
ntenancepai
nti
ng.

21. Whati
sthedi
ff
erencebet
weent
her
moset
ti
ngandt
her
mopl
ast
ic?
Page53of54
 Heatcur
edpl
ast
ic,

Thermosetti
ng:Theycan bef ormed byheat ing and curi
ng heatcur
ed
pl
asti
c.Afterset
ti
ngtheywi
ll
notsof tenordegrease.
Thermoplasti
c:Theycan bef ormed byheat ing and cur
ing heatcur
ed
pl
asti
c.Af t
ersetti
ng,whentheyar er e-
heat
edi twillbecomesof t
erand
becomeliquidandagai
ncanber eused.

22. Whatisimpr
essed cur
rent
.Whatpr
obl
em can ar
isef
rom i
tsi
ncor
rect
set
ti
ngup?

Voltagefrom anext ernalpowersour cecalledat ransfor

merr ecti
fi
eris
i
mpr essedont heci
rcuitbetweent hepipeli
neandbur iedearthconnecti
ons
knownasgr oundbedsr esul
tinginadi r
ectcur rentbeingdi schar
ged.In
dischargi
ng curr
entt o eartht he ground bed mat eri
als ar
e subjectto
corrosi
on.Theimpressedsy stem canbeusedi nalltypesofsoilresi
sti
vi
tes.
Thegr eat
ertheresi
stiv
itythegr eat
erthedrivi
ngv oltageorno.ofanodest o
achieveCPcathodicdisbondmentwi l
loccur.

23. Namet
wot
ypesofpai
ntmi
l
landgi
vet
woexampl
esofeach.

DIRECTCHARGEMI LL PRE-MI
XMI LL COLLOIDMILL
Ballmil
l Bi
gmi l
l(Ball
otoni
) Si
mpleroll
Attr
it
ormil
l SandpearlandBeadmi
l
l Dri
edrol
lmill
Highspeeddi
sper
sermil
l Sl
urr
ymi l
l Tr
ipl
eroll
.

24. Whatist
heti
tl
eofBS3900?
Methodoft
estforl
i
qui
dpai
nt.

Howmanyt
estset
sar
einBS3900?
Ei
ght
.

Howar ethetest
sidenti
fied(name,number )?
Ti
tl
eandl ett
erfr
om At oH.
A.Met hodoftestforl
iquidpaintf
il
ms( excludeschemical
s)
B.Liquidanddriedfi
lmsi ncl
udechemical examinat
ion.
C.Testassociatedwithpaintfi
lmformation
D.Opaci t
ytestonpaints.
Page54of55
 E.Mechanicaltestonpai ntfil
ms
F.Durabil
it
ytestonpai ntfi
lm.
G.Envir
onment alt
estonpai ntfi
l
m.
H.Designati
onofi ntensity,quali
tyandsi
zeofcommont
ypeofdef
ect
.
Generalpri
ncipl
eandr atingscheme.

25. Whatdoesaf
inenessofgr
indgaugemeasur
e?

Gri
ndgaugemeasurespi
gmentgrai
nsi
ze,
howf
inel
ythepi
gmenthasbeen
(gr
ained)gr
oundi
nthemil
li
ngpr
ocess.

26. Whati
sthef
lashpoi
ntandbywhatappar
atusi
sitdet
ermi
ned?

I
tisthemi nimum t
emper at
ureatwhichthev apoursofal
i
qui
dbegi
nto
i
gnit
ewhent heext
ernalsour
ceofigni
ti
onisintr
oduced.
TheclosedcupAbelty
pedetermi
nesflashpoint
.

27. Whati
svi
scosi
tyandwhatequi
pmenti
susedt
omeasur
ethev
iscosi
tyofa
f
ree
f
lowi
ngpai
ntandThixot
ropi
cpai
nt?

Vi
scosit
yist heinternalmeasur eoff l
uidresistancet of l
ow.
a)Freeflowingpai ntviscosit
yisdet erminedbyFor dflowcupno. 4.
b)Thixotropicpaintviscosit
yisdeter minedbyr otat
ingv iscometer/r
ota
thi
nner ,kr
ebsst ormerv i
scomet er.Sett her.p.mt hrought hewindowat
200r .
p.m.t omakei tafreeflowingpai nt.Paintisputi ntheviscometer
andpai ntisthi
nnedsi mil
artothef ordf l
owcupno. 4t est,not
et heti
me
takenfort hepainttobebr okent odr oplets.Timet akeni nsecondswi l
l
givethev isoci
ty.

28. Whati
sdensi
tycupandgi
veanexampl
eofi
tsuse?

Smallbl
ackcupof100cc, whichismadeofaircraf
tall
oy,isknownas
densi
tycup.Thelidini
thasaholeinthetop.Pourthepainti
nsidethe
densi
tycup.Closeitwi
ththeli
d.Wipeoftheextr
apaintcomi ngoutofthe
hol
efrom thecup.Weighitbyusi
ngtheformulaDensity=Wei ght/vol
ume.
Fi
ndoutthedensityoftheli
qui
d.
Densi
tycupisusedf or
,
a)Tocheckt heamountofsolventaddedtothepaint.
Page55of56
 b)Whet
hert
het
wo-
packpai
nthasbeenmi
xedt
othecor
rectr
ati
o.

29. Cal
culat
ethevol
umeofsol
idsoft
hepai
nti
ftheW.
F.Twas186mi
crons
andtheD.F.
T-93mi
crons.

VS%=D. F.Tx100=50%
W.F.T.
30. Calcul
atetheW. F.
T.ofapai
nti
ftheVs%gewas66andD.
F.Twas88
microns.

W.
F.T=D.
F.Tx100=133.
3mi
crons
Vs%

31. Cal
cul
atet
heD.
F.T.ofpai
nti
fVs%was44andW.
F.Twas234mi
crons.

D.
F.T=W.
F.TxVs% =102.
96mi
crons
100

32. Cal
cul
atet
hedensi
tyofpai
nti
fa5-
li
tr
eti
nwei
ghed15kg.

Densi
ty=wei
ght=3gms/cu.
cm
Vol
ume

33. Cal
cul
atethedensi
tyoft
wopackmater
ial
ifpartApai
ntwas1.
5g/
cu.
cm
and
par
tBcataly
stwas0.5g/cu.
cm (
assumerati
o1:1)

1.
5+0.5=1g/cu.
cm
2

34. Nameanexampl
eofanondest
ruct
iveD.
F.T.gaugeanddest
ruct
iveD.
F.T.
gauge.

NDT-D.
F.T.gauge-El
ect
roni
cgauge,bananagauge.
DT-D.
F.T.gauge-Pai
nti
nspect
orsgauge.

35. Namefourar
ti
fi
cial
weat
her
ingdev
icesandsaywhatt
heyar
edesi
gnedt
o
si
mul
ate.

Sal
tspr
ayt
est - Mar
ineenv
ironment
Page56of57
 Tropicalboxtest - Highhumidi
tyenv
ironment
Watersockt est - Testf
orpermeabi
lit
yofpaintsystem
Coldcr ackt
est - Testf
orlowt emper
ature
Cracking - Temperat
urecycl
ingtestf
orflexi
bil
i
tyofpai
nt
fi
l
m
v
ary
ingt
emper
atur
eal
ter
ati
on(
hight
emp&l
ow
t
emp)

36. Namet
wodr
ying/cur
ingt
est
sandst
atehowt
heyar
eoper
ated.

Drying/curingtest
:Ballot
ini
test-har
denedsteel
ball
sputovert
hewet
paintf i
l
m panel.
Stylustest
:Itconsi
stsofaser i
esoftrai
l
ingneedl
es.Tofi
ndouttackdr
y,
harddr yandfull
ycured.
Coldl eaft
est:I
tismov edoverthewetfil
m si
ncetheyar
eusedindif
fer
ent
tensions.

37. WhatdoesaCry
ptomet
ermeasur
eandgi
vet
woexampl
esofa
Cr
yptometer
.

I
tisusedt
omeasur
etheopaci
ty.Hi
dingpowerchar
tsandP-
fund
Cr
yptomet
er.

38. Whatdet er
minesthedegr eeofgloss,
apaintmaypossess.
a)Ther ati
obetweenbi nderandpigment
.Thefinenessoft
hepi
gment
grind.
b)Finenessofpigmentgr ind.
c)Skillofspr
aypai nt
er.
d)Met hodofapplicati
on.
e)Absor bi
ngofthesubst ratef
orthepai
nt.

39. Namet
hreeadhesi
ont
est
sanddescr
ibehowoneoft
hem i
scar
ri
edout
.

a)Crosscuttest
b)Crosshatchtest
c)Doll
ytest
.

Clean,
degreaseandroughenthesurface.Applydol
lywit
hr egul
araral
dit
e
andgive24-hrst
imeat25c.Cutaroundt hedoll
ytoisol
atethesubstr
ate.
Applythepull
offfor
ceandfindout,
Page57of58
 1.Atwhatpr
essur
e(psi
)fai
l
ureoccur
s.
2.Whatty
peoffai
lur
eoccur
s.Cohesi
ve/
adhesi
ve.

40. St
atet
hecondi
ti
onsunderwhi
chB-
gasal
l
owspai
nti
ngt
otakepl
ace.

a)Theambientorsur facet emperatureshoul

dbeat l
east3candabove
thedewpointtemperature.
b)Therel
ati
vehumi di
tyshoul dbelessthan90%
c)Temperat
ure condition f or apply
ing pai
nt shoul
d be wi t
hin t
he
manufact
urer'
sinst
ruction.(maximum andmini
mum t emper
atur
e)

41. Nameei
ghtdut
iesofapai
nti
nspect
or.

1.Inspectandr epor t
2.Hemustactwi t
hi nt
egr ityatallti
mesandt r
uet othespecifi
cation.
3.Learnt hespeci f
icationandf ami l
iarizewiththeplantsandequi pment
used.
4.Inspectt hesubst r
atecondi t
ion( gradeofpai nt)andselectasui tabl
e
paintsy stem aspert hespeci f
icationr equi
rement .
5.Checkwhet herdr ybul bt emper at
ur e,dewpoi nt&RH%i swithi
nt he
accept ablelev elornot .
6.Inspectt hepr epar edsur facefori tssur f
acepr of
il
eandcl eanli
ness
(gradeSa1, Sa2, 21/ 2,3)
7.Verifywhet hert hecor rectmat eri
al havebeenobt ainedforthepai nt
application.
8.Wi t
nesspai ntpr eparat i
on( mixing)andoper ati
onatsite.
9.Measur eWFT, DFTandcheckadhesi onandcur i
ng.
10.
Maker eports-dai ly,weekl y,mont hly .

42. Li
stei
ght
-cont
ract
ormal
pract
ice.

1.Usingunqualifi
edper sonnel
.
2.Usingunsafepl antandequi pment .
3.Usingequipment ,whichareinpoorcondi t
ion.
4.Proceedi
ngt of urthercoatwithoutinspect
ionbei
ngcarr
iedout
.
5.Applyi
ngcoati nwr ongsequence,omi ssi
onofacoat.
6.Applyawr ongpai nt .
7.Useofdate, expiredpr oduct
s.
8.I
mpr opercoatingt hickness.
9.Usingmoresol v ent.
Page58of59
 10.
Lessthicknessofcoat
.
11.
Impropermi xi
ngofpai
nt.

43. Namethr
eemet hodsofappl
yingpai
ntandcomparet
headv antagesand
di
sadv
antagesofeachin-
ter
msofqualit
yandcostef
fect
iveness.

Brush:Cheapeasymet hod,bestforapplyi
ngpri
mers.Disadvantages-slow,
coverssmallareasandmessyt ohandl e.
Roll
er:Cheapandeasyt oapply.Disadvant
ages-unevencoating,orange
peeleff
ect.
Conventi
onal(air
):Expensive(fourtofiveti
mescostl
i
ert hanothers),cov
ers
l
argeareas.Disadvantages-ov erspray
.

44. WhatdoesBS2015,
glossar
yofpai
ntt
ermsr
efert
oandgi
vet
hree
exampl
es?

1.Bleeding:Penet ratinganddi scolouri

ngofpai ntcoat
edov eri
t.
2.Bli
stering:Domeshapedbl istersformedduet ocontr
action-dr
yblist
ers.
3.Osmot i
cbl i
sters:Itisformedduet oentrappedl i
qui
d,gasandsalts.
4.Chalking:Pigmentbecomeschal kyorpowder ywhenitcomesunder
chlori
des, sulphides.
5.Fl
occul ati
on: Separ ati
ngoutofcer t
ainelement s.
6.Grinning:Seeingt heunder neathsur f
acet hr
ought hefi
nishcoat.
7.Holiday s:
Poor l
yormi ssedcoat ing.
8.Pinholing:Hol esdownt hrought hepai ntcausedduet oescapeofgases.

45. Whati
sBS4800andhowi
situsedi
ntheconst
ruct
ioni
ndust
ry?

Iti
sarr
angedof100standar
dcol ourstakenf r
om t
he237col
our
scont
ained
i
n
BS5252andusedi nt heconstr
uct i
oni ndustr
y.I
tcanbeusedtoi
dentif
y
exi
sti
ngcolourswhenmaintenancepai nti
ngandi samethodbywhi
chal l
manufact
urerscanmakeexactl
yt hesamecol our.

46. HowdoesB-
gasdef
inet
hef
oll
owi
ng.

Longter
m pr otect
ion:
Upto10y ears.
Shor
tterm protect
ion:Upt
o2- 3years.
Medium t
erm pr ot
ecti
on:Upto5y ears.
Newgalvanizing:Asubstr
atecoatedwi t
hzi
ncgal
vani
zedsur
facewher
e
Page59of60
 t
hiscohesiveoxidelay erhasnotformedglossyandshinni
ngappearance-
l
essthanthreemont hsol d.
Weather
edgal vani
zing: Wi r
ebrushedwit
hstif
fbrushes,moret
han3
monthsold.Agal v
ani zedsur f
acewherethecohesiv
eoxidelay
ershas
f
ormeddul landlackingi nsheen.

47. Whati
sthepr
ocedur
eforr
emov
ingoi
landgr
easef
rom asur
facebef
ore
pr
epar
ati
oncommences?

Becauseofoil&greasepai ntwillnotspr
eadproperl
y.Whitespir
itshould
notbe
used.Useonl
yapprovedsolv entwit
hsafet
yprecaut
iontobefoll
owed.For
applyi
ngsol
ventusedisposableswab.Donotusecot t
onrags.Aft
ersolvent
cleani
nguseadetergentpressurewashingfol
lowedbycleanwater,ri
nsing
and
thendryi
ngi
t.

48. Whatist
heprocedureforremov
ingoi
landgr
easef
rom asur
face,
found
af
ter
pr
eparat
ionhastakenplace?

Useapprov
edsolv
entandaf
terdegr
easing,
dopr
essurewashingwi t
h2%
det
ergentf
oll
owedbycl
eanwaterri
nsi
nganddry
ingitof
f.Reblastand
cl
eanit.

49. Whati
sthepr
ocedur
eforr
emov
ingAl
gaeandmoul
dgr
owt
hfr
om pi
pe
wor
k?

Applyanti
fungi
cidalbi-
oxidantov erthealgaeandmouldgrowthandgi v
e
minimum twenty-f
ourhour sti
me.Leav eitfreef
orthi
speriod.Af
terthi
s
ti
meel apseusest i
ffwirebr ushest oscruboff,pr
essur
ewashwi t
ha
deter
gentfol
lowedbycl eanwat erri
nsing.

50. Underwhatcondi
ti
onsmustpai
ntbest
ored?

I
naddr y,
lockabl
e,wel
lvent
il
atedbui
l
dingawayf
rom gasareas,
flames,
heatspar
ksandr ay
softhesunandfoll
owanyspeci
alst
oragecondit
ion.
Page60of61
51. Whati
sT-wash?Whatisi
tusedfor
?Whatcol
ouri
sit
?Howdowecheckf
or
acor
rectr
eact
ionwhenusi
ngit?

I
tisanet chprimer.
Whenappl iedfi
rsti
tprovi
desakeyfornewgalvani
zedsteel
.
Bl
uei ncolour.
Turnsblackupondr yi
ng.*T-
washshouldnotbeusedinalumini
um.Use
PVB*

52. Whatt
wocoatpai
ntsar
eappl
i
edatwor
ks?

Highsol
i
dsolventbasedepoxypr
imert
o75mi
cronsd.
f.
t.
Epoxym.i
.o.Mi
dcoatt o75micr
onsd.f
.t
.

53. Whatdi
stancemustbel
eftatar
east
obewel
dedwhenpai
nti
ng?

Sev
ent
y-f
ivemm.

54. Howmuchmustnewpai
ntov
erl
aponol
drepai
rs?

Hundr
edmm.

55. Whati
sthemaxi
mum all
owedti
meforpr
imingtot
akepl
acef
oll
owi
ngt
he
pr
epar
ati
onandbywhatmethodi
spri
merappli
ed?

Maxi
mum f
ourhour
sfol
lowcomplet
ionofbl
ast
ing.ExceptSpa4wher
e
pr
imi
ngi
simmediat
e.Bybrushi
ngorspr
ayasappropri
ate.

56. WhatdoB-
gascl
assashotdut
yser
vices?

Onewhi
chr
eachesat
emper
atur
eofabov
e99
c,when(
iti
swor
king)i
nuse.

57. Whatmustal
lpneumati
cal
l
yandel
ect
ri
cal
l
yoper
atedpowert
ool
equi
pment
's
shoul
dbedonebefor
euse?

Pr
oper
lyear
thed.

58. Whatt
ypeofsheet
ingmayandmaynotbeusedf
orpr
otect
ionagai
nst
Page61of62
 spi
l
lageandspot
ti
ng?

Sheet
ingmustbenon-f
lammabl
e.Fl
ammabl
esheet
sli
ket
arpaul
i
nsshoul
d
notbeused.(
Fir
ehazar
d)

59. Whatmustnotbeusedt
ocl
eanoutket
tl
esordi
sposeofr
ubbi
sh?

Fi
reorf
lames.

60. Gi
vet
her
ulesf
ormi
xi
ngofpai
ntsr
egar
dingsi
zes.

Upt
ofivel
it
resmaybemi
xedbyhand.Abov
efi
vel
i
tresmustbe
mechani
cal
lymix
ed.

61. Whatar
eosmot
icbl
i
ster
sandwhatcancauset
hem?

Osmot icbl
ist
ersar
eblist
ers,
whi chcontainli
quid,gasorcr
ystal
s
(chl
orides)
.Maincausesaresolvententrapment,waterent
rapment
,
hygroscopi
csaltsl
eftontheblastcleanedsurface.

62. Somemet al
saredi
ff
icul
ttopr
epar
e.Namet
hreeanddescr
ibehowy
ou
might
prepar
ethem.

1.Alumini
um sheet ingex t
rusions: I
nfact or
y-Degr easei nacidbath.Onsit
e
-Etchanddegr easewi t
hemer yclothandwhi tespiri
t.Etchprimer,zi
nc
chromate( noleadpai nts).
2.Galvani
zedi r
on( steeldippedi nmol tenzinc):Inf
actory-Degr easein
acidoralkalibath(t-
wash) .Onsi t
e-Al l
owtoweat herforseveralmonths
ordegreasewi thzincchr omat e,calcium plumbateoret chpr i
mer .
3.Copper,brassandbr onze:Infactory-Degr easeinsol ventbath.Onsit
e-
Useemer yclothandwhi t
espi r
it(donotweat herordr yabrade).Et
ch
pri
mer .

63. Wheredoesapipel
i
nel eavethegr
oundandwhatpr
obl
emswoul
dyouf
ind
andhowmi ghty
outreatthi
s?
Sket
ch:

Page62of63
 1.Mechani caldamagef r
om backf i
ll
i
ng.
2.Rapidchangei noxygeni nsoil
,st
eeli
nter
faceduet oal
ter
nat
ewetti
ngor
dryi
ngcondi ti
ons.
3.Soilmaybechemi cal
lyreacti
ve.
4.Acidat tack.
5.Willproducecor r
osi
on.-a)applyextr
acoating b)appl
ymasking
(pol
y ethylene) c)bett
erdrainagetoavoi
dst andi
ngwaterd)top
must lewel lseeded.

64. Whataddi
ti
onali
nfor
mationwouldyourecordwhenmai
ntenancepai
nti
nga
pi
pel
inewi
thoutr
emov i
ngtheprevi
ouscoats?

1.Itneedst obeest abl

ishedwhet hert heexisti
ngsy stem containsany
toxi
ccoat i
ngsast hiswilldictatethemet hodofpr epar ati
onused.
2.Aret heexisti
ngcoat ingscompat i
blet othenew sy st
em i nt
er msof
adhesionpossibil
it
yofsol ventst ri
pping,possibi
li
tyofbl eeding.Gett he
i
nformat i
onfrom thepaintmanuf acturer
.
3.Furt
her i nformati
on r equired. Nat ure and ext ent of sur face
contaminati
on,ext entofbr eak down,ext entofcor rosi
on,wher e
adhesionproblems,sol ventst ripi
ngorbl eedingmi ghtoccur .At iecoat
wouldbeempl oy
edt opr eventt hesepar ti
cularpr oblemsar i
singe.g.
i
nserv i
ceenvir
onment alcondi tion.

65. Namef i
vepai ntsandstatetheirdr yi
ngorcuringmethod.
1.Emul sion-Coalescence-Ev apor ateswit
houtchemicalactionbutitalso
getsdr iesl
ikeanon-conv er
tiblebutactsli
keaconv ert
ibl
ecoat i
ng.
2.Alkyd-Sol ventevapor
at i
onfol l
owedbyoxi dati
on.
3.Chlorinaterubber-Sol
v entev aporati
ononly.Non-
converti
blecoati
ng.
4.Twopackepoxy-Sol v
entev apor ati
onfol
lowedbychemi cal r
eacti
on.
5.Fusionbondedepoxy-Heatcur ed-Thermosetti
ng,convert
iblecoati
ng.

66. Nameablackpigmenti
ncommonuseapar
tfr
om coal
tar
.
Car
bonblocks.
67. Whati
sahol i
daydet
ect
orandapi
nhol
edet
ect
or?Whatdoesi
tdet
ect
,and
howdoesitwork?

I
tisanel
ect
ri
cal
dev
iceappl
i
edt
odet
ecthol
i
day
s,pi
nhol
e,v
oidset
c.,
Page63of64
 Coilspri
ngt ype:
1.Pr esetthev oltage.
2.Passt hi
shol idayequi pmentthroughi t(job).
3.Wher etherei sahol i
daypresent ,itproducesaspar k,visualwar ni
ng
audiosignal peepwi l
lbeheard.
4.Speedofr unni ngt hecoili
s1f t-2ft/
sec.
Itneednotbeusedonabov egr oundcondi tions.Itcanalsobeusedi nsi
de
tanks,offshorest r
uct ur
e,andpl atforms,onunder groundpipelines100%
holi
dayt estisrequi red.Brushshape,hor seshoet ype,coi
lspringtype,wet
spri
ngt ypearet hev arioustypesofhol i
dayandpi nholedetect
ors.

68. I
fyouworkedonacontractwheref
requentst
oppagesoccur
redf
orpoor
weat
her
,whataddi
ti
onal
inf
ormati
onwouldyourecor
d?

1.Timeofst art
ingandstoppingofwork.
2.Wastageofmat er
ial
sshouldbenoteddown.
3.Extr
ar easonsforweather.
4.Progressofthewor kbefor
et heworki
sst opped.
5.Record ofdamages t o partl
y dr
ied coati
ng on t
o pr
epar
ed ar
eas
(bl
asted).

69. I
fapi pel
i
newasi
ndi
rectcont
actwi
thacoust
iccladdi
ngwhatpai
ntsyst
em
mightbeappl
i
edi
fwewishedtomai
ntai
nitever
yt hr
eeyear
sornotatal
l
?

Claddi
ng-Nomai ntenancer
equi
red.
Acousti
ccladding doesnothav eanyanticorr
osi
onproperty
.Acousti
c
cl
addingreducesthenoisel
evelby10-20dB.Thermalcl
addingiscar
ri
ed
outtowithstandt
het emper
atur
esinbet
ween-10ct
o+1000c.

70. Whati si
mport
antaboutsel
ect
ingapai
ntsy
stem sui
tabl
eforacer
tai
n
env
ironment
?

Eachandev er
ypainthasi t
sownchar acter
ist
ics.Sel
ectapaintsystem t
hat
shoul
d with stand the envi
ronmentalcondi t
ions and comply withthe
speci
fi
cati
onrequirement.Marinecondit
ions,highhumidcondit
ion,tool
ow
temperat
urecondit
ions.

71. Whatinf
ormati
ondoB-gasrequi
retobeonapaintt
inandwhatB-
gas
documentdeal
swit
hthepropert
iesandper
for
manceofpaint
s.

Page64of65
 ThedocumentPA9pr oper ti
esandper f
ormanceofpant
.
1.Manuf act urer
sname.
2.Transcoi dent i
fi
cationnumber .
3.Descri
pt ionoft hepr oduct .
4.Colourcode( specifiedbyTr ansco)
5.Anyspeci alstorager equi
rement .
6.Theexpi rydat e.
7.Appli
cationgr ade(br ush/spray)
8.Batchident i
fi
cationcode.
9.Ident
ifi
cat ionofpar ts,mixingr at
iobyv ol
ume(pai
ntcat
aly
st)
10.
Anymar kingr equir
edbycur rentlegi
slati
on.

72. Whati
sunusual
aboutt
hepr
epar
ati
onofsur
faceswhi
char
edeal
tbySPA4?

Af
terbl
ast
ingr
emov
egr
itcont
ami
nat
ionwi
thcl
eanwat
er.

73. Descr
ibewhaty
ouknowofHASWAandCOSHH?

HASWA -Heal thand safet

yatwor kact1974.I tdealswi
thdut
iesof
employerandemployeewithregardtohealt
handsafety
.Empl
oyeeshould
repor
taccident
,spi
ll
age.I
tisast atut
oryrequi
rement
.COSHH-Controlof
subst
anceshazardoustoheal
th1988.

74. Giv
eoneadv
ant
ageofusi
ngt
est
ext
apeandpl
ast
icdi
sposabl
eW.
F.T
combs.

I
tcanbekeptasaper
manentr
ecor
d.

75. Statethepri
nci
plesofbei
ngabl
etouseabananagaugef
ort
aki
ngD.
F.T.
readings.

Whenusi
ngthebananagaugeonf er
rousmet
al(
subst
rat
e)coatedwi
thnon
-
fer
rouscoat
ings,t
hent heD.F.
Tcanbemeasuredwithbananagauge.I
t
wor
ksontheprinci
pleofmagneti
sm.

76. Bri
eflydescribethevari
ouspaintappl
i
cat i
onmethodsandit
slimi
tati
ons.
Brushapplicati
on:
Brushpaintingissai
dt oachi
evesuperiorwet
ti
ngandistheonlyaccept
able
wayt
o
applysomeant icor
rosiv
eprimers.Brushmarksleadstoareasoflowfil
m
Page65of66
build.
Useofbr ushi sslow, andt imeconsumi ng.Rubbi ngact ionofabr ushcanbe
and
addi ti
onalai dt ogoodadhesi on.Abr ushofsui tablesi zef ort hewor kin
hand
shoul dal way sbesel ected,asasmal lbrushonal argear eamakesi t
diffi
cultt o
appl yanev encoat i
ngandsl owsdownt her ateofwor king,whi lstusinga
l
ar ge
brushonanar rowar eamakesaccur at
ewor kingi mpossi bl e.
Roller s:
Qual ityofr ollerappl icationdependspar tlyont hecov eringorsl eev eofthe
roll
er
andpar tlyonhowconsci ent ioust heappl i
catoris.I ti
snotsui tedf oranti-
cor r
osive
andant i-foul ingpai nt s.
Dip-coat ings:
Paintmusthav eaf astdr yi
ngt i
me.Thepai ntint hedi ppi ngt ankmustbe
stirr
ed
cont i
nuousl yast hev i
scosi t
yoft hepai ntisimpor tant.Rapi dwi thdrawal
from the
dipt ankcancauset oot hinacoat ing.
PowderCoat ing-Fl uidbed&El ect rost
at i
cTechni que.
Af luidbedi sonei nwhi chamassofbr okenupsol idi skepti nast ateof
agitati
on
bymechani calorot hermeans.Fl ui dbedsf orcoat i
ngpur posesconsi stof
fi
nel y
powder edpi gment edr esinoussol idsthr oughwhi chai risbl ownt okeept he
particlesi nmot ion.
Electr ostat i
cSpr ay :
Painti sspr ay edf rom apr essur ef eedt ankt hroughaf l
ui dhoset ot hegun
i
nt he
usual way .Att hesamet imepai nti sgi
v ena- veel ectrical char ge.Ast he
electricallychar gedpai ntl eav est hegun, i
tatomi zesandeachpar ti
cleis
attractedt o
anyear thenobj ect, i
ni tspat hi .
e.t hear ticlebeingspr ay ed.
Conv entional spr aying:
Thisi nv olvesusi ngacompr essedai rt
obot hat omi zet hepai ntandt o
conv eyi tto
thesubst r ate.I nhighpr essur e, thepai nt i
ngi sst oredinapr essur ed
Page66of67
contai
nerf rom
whichlargequantit
iescanbedel i
ver
edquickl
y.
Air
lesssprayi
ng:
Paintsuppli
edbyahy dr
auli
cpumpi sfor
cedathi ghpressur
ethr
ougha
narr
ow
ori
ficeinatungstencarbidenozzl
e.Thepressureissuchthatt
hepai
nti
s
atomized
andcar r
iedtothesubstratebyit
sownmoment um.

1.PAI
NT/PAI
NTINGINSPECTI
ON -PAPER1
B-
gasGrade-1

Page67of68
1. Descr
ibet
hef
oll
owi
ngt
ermsa)Spl
ashzoneb)Jacketc)Cai
sson

Splashzone:2.5mt+12mtabov et
heL.A.T.
Jacket:Weldedsuppor
tframeoftheplat
formtubul
ar.
Caisson:Openendedpipethatr
unsfrom t
opsidest
otheseabot
tom.Has
pumpsandf i
lt
erst
otakewasteaway.

2. Whi
chst
atut
oryi
nst
rumentdocumentr
elat
est
osaf
etyf
orof
fshor
e?

SI-1091.Theof
fshor
esaf
etyr
egul
ati
on1976.

3. Li
stt
hesafetymeasuresr
equi
redforov
erthesidewor
kingi
ndescendi
ng
or
derofpr
eferencei
fscaf
fol
dingi
snotpract
icabl
e.

3Rail barr
ier
Safetynet
Safetybeltli
ne
Rescueboatandradi
o
Ful
l l
i
fej acket
.

4. Whoi
sul
ti
mat
elyr
esponsi
blef
orsaf
etyatof
fshor
e?

O.
I.
M -Of
fshor
einst
all
ati
onmanager
.

5. Namef
ourdecksonapl
atf
orm.

Hel
i-deck
Spi
der -deck
Dri
l
ling-deck
Cel
lar-deck.

6. Namet
hreemaj
ordanger
s,whi
chexi
stwhenwor
kingof
fshor
e?

Fal
l
ingov
erboar
d,f
ir
eexpl
osi
onandadv
erseweat
her(
gal
es&st
orms)

7. Namet
hreemet
hodsofkeepi
ngapl
atf
ormi
naf
ixedposi
ti
on.

Pi
l
ing,
semi
submer
sibl
e,mat
eri
alsuppor
t,j
acketl
egs,
seat
ank.

8. Howar
eescaper
out
esi
dent
if
iedonanof
fshor
epl
atf
orm?
Page68of69
 Byar r
owscutoutofr ef
lect
ingstr
ipsandfi
xedontopofthenon-ski
d
designateddeck.Deckcoati
ng:100-mm -Pr
imerout
e,50-mm -Searout
e.
9. Whatpr ecauti
onsmustbeobser vedwhenboar
dingandtrav
ell
ingin
hel
icopters?

Allasdescr
ibedi
ntheC.
A.A.cour
sewhi
chy
oumustat
tendbef
ore
tr
av el
l
ingof
fshor
e.

10. Howof
teni
smedi
cal
treat
mentr
equi
redf
orper
sonnel
wor
kingof
fshor
e?

Fr
om t
heages30-39,
every3years.
Fr
om t
heages40-50,
every2years.
Fr
om t
heage50andabove-year
ly.

11. Li
sttheessent
ial
itemsofcl
othi
ngandequi
pmentf
oranof
fshor
epai
nti
ng
i
nspector
.

Rigger
sboot s,
saf
etyhelmet,
100%cot
tonoveral
ls,
saf
etygl
asses,
andl
i
fe
belt-j
acketandweatherandpai
nti
nst
ruments.

12. Whati
sbr
eakercapsul
e?

Acompl
etel
yencl
osedsaf
etyandr
escueboatf
orescape.

13. Ar
epai
nter
sper
mit
tedt
oer
ectscaf
fol
ding?

No.Itmustbetheworkofaqualif
iedscaffolderholdi
ngaC. I
.T.
Bcard.
Pai
nter
spai
ntonly
,butt
heycanref
uset owor kont hescaf
fol
diftheyare
notsur
eofi
tssaf
etyf
ort
hei
rjoborpersonnel
saf et
y.

14. Descr
ibet
hemeani
ngofH-120i
nrel
ati
ont
ofi
repr
otect
ion.

H-standsforhydrocarbon.120st
andsf
ortheti
meinminutes,
thatt
hefi
re
pr
otect
ionsy st
em isdesignedtostopthepassageoffl
ames,smoke,to
al
l
owper sonneltoescapetosafet
y.

15. Onwhatpartsofanof fshor

est ruct
ur eareanti-
foul
antcoati
ngsappl
i
ed?
Nametwocommont y
pesoft oxicmat eri
alusedinant
i-f
oul
ants.
Ant
i-
foul
antcoat
ingsareappliedont hesubmer gedandsplashzonear
eas
Page69of70
 ofthesea.
Organi
ct i
n,cupr
os-oxi
dearetwocommontypesoftoxi
cmat
eri
alsusedi
n
anti
-f
oulant
s.Mercury,
arseni
candl
eadar
enotused.

16. Namet het wotypesoff i

reproofcoati
ngs.saywhichtypeisusedmost ly
and
descri
behowi tworks.
Cement ious and I ntumescent aret wo types of f
irepr
oof coati
ngs.
I
ntumescentcoat ings aret he prefer
red ones f
oroffshore coat
ing i
n
hydrocarbonf i
resandcel l
ulosicfi
res.Theyswellupt
omanyt imestheir
thi
cknesst husdelayingthefirespr
eadupto200%

17. Whatappl
icat
ionrequi
rement
sar
especi
fi
edf
ort
hespr
ayappl
i
cat
ionof
pai
ntt
olar
gesurfacear
eas?

Themanuf actur
er'sspeci
fi
cati
onsheets(dat
a)speci
fytheappl
icat
ion
requi
rements.Largefansprays,v
ert
icalandhor
izont
alparal
l
elpasses,non-
organi
cpainti
ngsshoul dover
lapby50%.

18. Forwhi
chcoat
edar
easi
s100%hol
i
daydet
ect
ionr
equi
red?

Seabedandspl
ashzonet
othecel
l
ardeck.

19. a)Fi
nishblastcl
eani
ngmaybenotcar
ri
edout,
when?
Whent hedewpointi
snotabov
e3cabovet
hesteel
temper
atur
e.

b)Canblastcl
eani
ngbecarri
edoutatni
ght
?
Yes,butmustbefi
nishedi
nthedayl
i
ght.

c)Whatst
andar
disspeci
fi
edf
orpowert
ool
cleani
ng.
ST-
3.

d)Powert
ool
cleani
ngmustov
erl
apexi
sti
ngcoat
ingbyat
least-50mm.

e)Coat
ingsmustnotbeappl
i
edwhensur
facesar
elesst
han-3
cabov
e
DP,whenRH%i sabove85%.

20. a)Coat
ingsmustnotcomewi
thi
n-50mm ofwel
dpr
epar
ati
on.

b)I
sitper
mit
tedt
ospr
aypai
ntf
rom aBOSUNSchai
r-no,
butbr
ush
Page70of71
 appl
i
cat
ioni
saccept
abl
e.

c)Whatdist
anceandangl
eshoul
dasprayguni
shel
dfr
om t
hesur
face?
Dist
ance-18",
450-600mm,atanangl
eof90.

PAPER2.PAI
NTI
NGGRADE1(
B-gas)-OFFSHORE.

1. WhatdoesaRadi
omanf
ulf
il
l?

Hei salookoutper son.Hekeepsi nthreewaycont

actdur
ingandov erthe
sit
eoper ati
on.Heshoul dalsobeonhandwher ethepeopl
earewor kingin
vessel
sorencl osedspacei nof
fshore.Tosummonhelpincaseofaccident
i
nt heradiooperator
'soffi
ce.

2. Whatdocumentdoesapai
nti
nspect
orneedt
oknowt
owor
konof
fshor
e?

Theof
fshor
esafetyregulat
ion1976SI-1091.
Medi
calcer
ti
fi
cate,passport,
li
feboatsur
viv
alt
rai
ning,
B-gasappr
oval
.

3. Gi
veal
i
stofdut
iesanN.
R.P.mi
ghtper
for
m.

I
nchargeofdesi
gnatedar
easoft
heplatf
orm.I
ssui
nghotandcol
dpermi
ts.
Recei
vingcompl
etedworkper
mit
s,checki
ngworkcar
ri
edoutonper
mit.
Areaauthor
it
yO.I
.M.

Page71of72
4. Whyar
ear
easencapsul
atedandgi
veway
sinwhi
cht
hiscoul
dbedone?

To protectinst
rumentsandf ir
eprotecti
onequi pment'
sdur i
ng bl
asti
ng,
cl
eaningandpai nt
ingoperati
ons.Duri
ngmai ntenancewor k,completel
y
covertheareasinplast
icsheet
sormaskof f,
forcli
maticorsafet
yreasons.

5. Whatpossi
blepr
obl
emswoul
dani
nspect
ormeetatof
fshor
e?

a)Highchangeintheweat hercondit
ions.
b)Rapidchangeofti
dal condit
ions.
c)Mov ementsofhel
icoptersandboat s.
d)Accesstoworkdur i
ngdr yi
ngtimes.

6. Howwoul
dani
nspect
orcommuni
cat
ewi
thhi
sbossbackt
oback?

Usuall
ymeetf orhal
fanhourorsoatt
heshi
ftchange,ift
her
ewasa
ser
iousprobl
em toexpl
ainorl
eav
eahandwri
tt
enr epor
tforhi
minhi
s
l
ogbook.

7. Howwoul
dyoudet
ermi
net
hatacont
ract
or'
spl
antandequi
pmentwassaf
e
t
ouse?

Al
lplantequi
pmentusedonoff
shor
emusthav ecalibr
ati
oncer
ti
fi
cat
es,
maint
enancer
ecor
ddetai
l
sdat
edandsignedbyappr
ovedagent
.

8. Whyi
smaski
ngcar
ri
edoutandwhatar
easmi
ghtneedt
his?

Toprotectsensiti
v eequipment( el
ectri
calandi nst
rument
s)inparti
cular
fr
om damagedur ingmai ntenanceoperati
on.Alsothepipeworkandcol
our
codedsectionshast obemaskedof fbefor
ebei ngsprayedbydif
ferent
pai
ntstoprotectareasthatarenotpainted.

9. Gi
ver
easonswhyt
hesubmer
gedzonei
snotal
way
scoat
ed.

Submergedzoneisdi
ffi
cul
ttopaintbecauseofitsposi
ti
on.Al
sobecause
ofwat
erandlackofoxygenpresent
,therateofcorr
osi
onisnotsoser
ious
andal
sosacri
fi
cial
anodesareused.

Page72of73
10. Whataret
het
woway
sinwhi
chgal
vani
zedsur
facescanbepr
epar
ed
bef
ore
pai
nti
ng?

Thet
woway sar
e,
1)Sweepbl
astandet
chpri
mer
2)Powert
oolwit
hmordantwash.

11. Whati
sCOSHHandwhatdosi
tdeal
wit
h?

Controlofsubst
anceshazar doustohealt
hregulat
ion1988.Itdealswi
th
envi
ronmentalsafet
yi nthewor kpl
ace,sol
vent
s,sands,dustexceptl
ead
pai
nts,radi
ati
onexplosi
ves,ownregul
ati
ons.

12. Otherthant
emper
atur
esandRHwhatcoul
dst
opbl
astcl
eani
ngf
rom bei
ng
carr
iedout?

Wheredif
fer
entt
ypesofcl
eani
ngisneededusual
l
ypowerorhandcleani
ng
dueto
maint
enanceorot
herty
peofprobl
ems-weat
hercondi
ti
ons,
operat
ionor
product
ion.

13. Whataret he t
wo t
ypes oft
est
,whi
ch ar
e car
ri
ed outf
orcat
hodi
c
di
sbondment?

St
ati
ctestf
orsubmergedcoati
ngs.
Cycl
i
ctestf
orsplashzonecoat
.

14. Whati
sthet
it
leofCPC-155andwhi
chi
sthecur
renti
ssue?

Ti
tl
e-175C,
Pai
ntcounci
l
-1998I
ssue2,
CPC-companypr
act
icesf
orpai
nt.

15. Whatdot
hef
oll
owi
ngr
efert
o?

AL - Aluminium
BS - Brit
ishstandard
CS - Carbonst eel
Cu - copper
HSE - Healthsafetyenvi
ronment
LAT - Lowestast ronomi
calti
de
Page73of74
 MIO - Micaceousir
onoxi
de
NI - Ni
ckel
SI - St
atutoryi
nstr
ument
SS - St
ainlessst
eel
ZN - Zi
nc.

16. Whatar
ereducedV.
O.C.coat
ings?

ForV.O.C.coati
ngspi
gment
scarr
ymorewat
eremul
sionbi
nder
s.I
tiswat
er
based.Solvent
saregr
eat
lyr
educed.

17. Whati
nfor
mat
ionmustapai
ntmanuf
act
urerpr
intonapai
ntt
in?

Methodofuse( br
ushorspray)
,typeofpaint
,producti
ondate,shel
fli
fe,
conf
irmat
ivewit
hB-gasspeci
fi
cati
onarethethi
ngst hatshoul
dbeprint
ed
onapaintt
in.

18. Whatresul
tsmustbepubl
i
shedbyapai
ntmanuf
act
urerr
egar
dingt
he
qual
i
tiesofhi
spaint
s?

Thef ol
lowingaretheresul
tst
hathavetobepubli
shedbyt hemanuf
act
urer
.
Composi ti
on( pi
gment ,
binder& Manufact
urer
'sname
volati
l
es)
Productdescr i
pti
on Vol
umeofsol i
ds
Viscosit
y Opacit
y
Cov er
ingpower( gloss) Abrasi
onresi
stant
I
mpactr esistant Densit
yandadhesion.

19. Whatinf
ormat
iondoest
hepai
ntmanuf
act
urerhav
etosuppl
ytot
he
cont
ract
or?

Mat
eri
aldat
asheet
s,heal
thandsaf
etyi
nfor
mat
ionr
egar
dingt
hepr
oduct
s.

20. Whoi
sresponsi
blef
orchoosi
ngapai
ntsy
stem f
oruseonapar
ti
cul
arj
ob?

Thecont
ract
orusi
ngr
angeofappr
ovedB-
gaspai
ntsy
stems.

21. Whatar
ethet
woBScodesusedi
nconnect
ionwi
thcol
ourschedul
es?

Page74of75
 BS4800andBS5252.

22. Whatmusthappentoanywel
dspl
att
erwhi
chwasnotr
emov
eddur
ingt
he
f
abri
cat
ionprocess?

I
tmustbegr
oundoff
lushbyt
hebestmechani
cal
means.

23. Whatshal
lsur
facesbef
reef
rom bef
orepai
nti
ng?

Surf
acesshall
bef
reef
rom dust
,moi
stur
e,oi
landgr
easeandot
her
cont
aminants.

24. Howshal
lheav
yormet
all
i
cpi
gmentbekepti
nsuspensi
onwhenappl
yi
ng
pai
nt?

Automati
csti
rrer,
airorpoweroper
atedi
nthepaintpotdur
ingappl
i
cat
ion
andconstant
lyinmotioncankeepiti
nsuspensi
on.

25. Whatshal
ldr
ying/
cur
ingper
iodscompl
ywi
thpai
nti
ng?

I
tshal
lcompl
ywi
thmanuf
act
urer
'sdat
asheet
s.

26. Whati
sast
ri
pecoat
?

I
tisabr
ush-
appliedcoatt
otheweldareastomakesurethatt
hepr
oper
D.
F.Ti
satt
ained.Iti
sanextr
acoattoweldsandedges.

27. Descri
behow t
estpanel
sar
epr
epar
ed and pai
nted and whati
sthei
r
purpose.

Testpanelsareblast
edt oSa3st andar
d,thenaccordi
ngtotestrequir
ed
i
nstruct
ions.Forr
ustgradeaft
erblast
ingiti
slef
tintheatmospher
ef or2-
3mont hs.Testpanel
sarethendippedinseawater
.Dryfor2or3mi nutes,
thencoat.

28. Whatt
ypeofcomponent
scomesunderi
dent
if
icat
ionmar
kingofpai
nts?

Ref
lect
ivepl
ast
icst
ri
ps.
Page75of76
29. Howdoy
oudeci
dewhatgr
adeofpr
epar
ati
onneedst
obecar
ri
edout
?

Dependsont
hedesi
gnl
i
fe.

30. Whenwetblast
ing,whatwi
l
lyout
oar
easl
i
kel
ytobeaf
fect
edbywat
erand
abr
asi
vecontaminati
on?

Secur
elymaskof
f.

31. Whencanabr
ushbeusedt
oappl
ypai
ntf
orof
fshor
est
ruct
ures?

I
nrepai
rmai
ntenancewheni
tisi
mpr
act
icabl
etouseai
rl
ess.

32. I
fB-
gasdeci
det
oinspectwor
kbei
ngcar
ri
edoutwhatmustnothappen?

Al
lot
herwor
kmustbest
opped.

33. Whenar
edest
ruct
ivet
est
susual
l
ycar
ri
edout
?

I
fther
eisapr
obl
em i
nmai
ntenancepai
ntort
estpanel
s.

34. Whoadvi
sesoft
hev
olt
aget
obeusedwhenhol
i
daydet
ect
iont
est
sar
e
bei
ng
car
ri
edout
?

Asperspecif
icat
ion-5v
olt
spermi
cronoraspert
heengi
neeroft
hepai
nt
manufact
urer.

35. Whatisthepr
ocedur
eforr
ect
if
yingcoat
ings,
whi
chhav
eani
nadequat
e
t
hickness?

Rubdownwithsandpaperandbl
owt
hem down.Appl
ymi
stcoatt
obr
ingup
ther
equi
redD.F.
T.

36. Whatdocumentshoul
dbeusedasar
efer
encef
ort
hepr
ocedur
est
o
remove
cont
aminat
ionfr
om asur
face?

BS7079.
Page76of77
37. Whattypeofri
skassessment
sar
elookedf
orwhenunder
taki
ngacl
eani
ng
and
pai
nti
ngprocedur
e?

1.Howsafeisthearea.
2.Danger-Heal
thandsafety
.
3.COSHH.
4.Needofcli
matecondit
ionsandl
i
ght
ing.

38. Whoi
sresponsi
blef
ort
het
rai
ningofper
sonnel
towor
kof
fshor
e?

Thecont
ract
ormustar
rangef
orhi
speopl
etobet
rai
ned.

39. Whatar
ether
equi
rement
sfor'
over
side'
wor
king?

3barrai
l
,scaffol
ds,
boar
dtoes,
saf
etynet
,saf
etyl
i
ne,
li
febel
t,boatwi
th
r
adiocontact
.

40. Whatt hi
ngsmi ghty ounot ewhencar ryi
ngoutv isualinspect i
onf or-
a)Pr eparat i
onpr ocedur es: Cor r
ectpr ocedure,conditionofsubst rat
ei .
e.
freef r
om cont ami nant s,scaf f
oldingr equi
rement, blasti
ngequi pment's,
checksf orai rpur i
ty,obser vati
onofr oguepeaksi .e.unev enampl i
tude,
highpoi ntsshoul dbeabr aded.
b)Pai nt
ingpr ocedur es:Cor rectusageofpai ntsasr equiredbyt he
speci f
icat i
on, colours,v i
sual checkf oranyski nni
ngorj el
lingofpaint,
whet hert inisseal edbef orefirstuse, shel
fli
fe,potl i
fe,paintmixi
ng
ratiosandappr opr i
atet hinnerquant ityaddedt othepai nt,vi
sual
obser vat i
onoft hepai ntsy stem foranypai ntdefect s.
c)Cleaningupofar eaofoper at
ions: Remov alofpaintdebr isanddisposed
asperl ocal rules,don'tf i
re.

Page77of78
 PAPER-3.(
B-gas,
Pai
nti
ngGr
ade1)COATI
NGS

1. Giv
easmuchi nf
ormat
ionasy
oucanf
ort
hef
oll
owi
ngsur
facespr
epar
ati
on
andpai
ntsy
stems.

a)I
nter
nal
sur
facesofpot
abl
ewat
ert
anks:
H.S.
C.shoul
dbecoat
edt
oSa3.
Bl
ast
Page78of79
 medi amustber emov ed.I ndust rial v
acuum cl eaner sar ev er ygoodand
qui ck.Al lwel dsmustbest ripcoat ed.Appl y3- coatsy stem ( as
recommendedbydat asheet s).Itmustbe100%hol i
daydet ectedbywet
spongemet hod.I tshoul dhav e300mi cronsd. f.
thi ghbui l
depoxy .
b)Mat er i
al soper at ingatel ev at edt emper atur e: Itshoul dbebl astcleaned
toSa3.I tmusthav eapr ov ent rackr ecor dl i
kei nor ganiczi ncsi l
icate
andmodi fiedsi liconeseal er s,pol ysi loxene.
c)Coat ingdesi gnedf orl ivingquar ter sandhowt heywor k:Intumescentt o
200 c.
Theyswel lupt omanyt imest her eownt hicknessandt hewi remesh
scr eenhol dst hem t oget herast hecoat i
ngt ur nst oacar bonaceouschar .
Alsot heyshoul dber atedA. 60orH. 120
d)Spl ashzonecoat ings: Itshoul dbebl astedt oSa21/ 2.Asper
manuf act ur especi fi
cat i
on, most lycoal tarepoxyorgl assf lakesar e
used.I tmustbe100%hol idaydet ect ed, sweepbl astedandt hent iecoat
tobecar riedout .
e)Copper , nickel ,al umi ni um, andot hernonf er r
oussur f
aces: Most
nonf errous
met alsar eusual lynotcoat edexceptf orcosmet icandcol ourcodi ng.
Alumi ni um i susedi nt hecomposi ti
onofsomecoat i
ng, andi nsacr ifi
cial
anodes.Handemer y( br ade) ,whi tespi ri
tf orcl eaning, appl yacr yl
ic
uret hanecoatupt o70mi cr onsd. f.t
.
f) Hel idecks: Hel idecksar ebl ast edandcoat edusi ngnonspar kandnon
met al
abr asi vesandpai nts.Al um sur facepr epar ationSa21/ 2l i
ke
appear ance.Mai nt enancebywi rebr ushi ng, zincr ichepoxy , 2pack
epoxy ,tiecoat ,bauxepoxy( pol yami de)
g)I nst rument s/el ect rical equi pment '
s: I
tshoul dbemaskedof ftopr otect
them
from t hepr epar at i
onandpai nti
ngoper ations.Sur facepr epar ati
ont oSt
3, handabr ade, acr yliccoatt o200mi cronsd. f.t.
h)Submer gedzone: Itcanbepai ntedusi ngpai ntsy stem t hatcanbecur ed
under
wat er.Theymaybeunpai nted, ast hisar eai sasl owcor rosionar ea.Due
tol owoxy gen, coal tarepoxyast hatofspl ashzonecanbeappl ied.
i
) Topsi demai nt enance: Oper ationst obecar riedoutbypowercl eaning
toSt3.Appl yal um epoxypr imer .Most lyhandcl eaningpr epar ati
ons
onl ycar riedout .Br ushappl iedcoat ingwi thur ethaneacr yl
icupt o70
mi cr onsd. f .
t.
j
) Gal v anizedst eel struct ur es: Sweepbl astandappl y .
Page79of80
 Powerwi rebr ush-applyt
wodamagedar eas,epoxymasti
cchlor
inated
resi
n.
k)Pipeli
ner i
serint hespl
ashzone:I
tshoul
dbecoat edsameasallother
steel
wor kinthatzone.
l
) Deckcoat ings:Itshoul
dbenon-sli
pescapesystem.Overt
hetop
coating
screenedcoatandseel ershouldbeappli
ed.3-
packcopoly
merisappl i
ed
2-4mm
PAPER-4.PAI
NTI
NGGRADE1(
B-gas)

1. Whatdoy
ouunder
standbyt
hef
oll
owi
ngt
erms?

a)L.
A.T:Lowestastronomicalti
de.
b)El
evat
ion:Si
dev iewofapl atf
orm accor
dingt
ol.a.
t.
c)Spl
ashzone:Ithasadi mensionedarea.Nootherdeckhast
his.I
tis-
2.5
Mts.t
o+12Mt s.ofthel
.a.t.

2. Whi
chst
atut
oryi
nst
rumentdocumentr
elat
est
osaf
etyatof
fshor
e?

S1-1019

3. Whatar
ether
equi
rement
sfori
nspect
ingscaf
fol
dingusedatof
fshor
e?

I
tmustbei
nspect
edbycompetentqual
if
iedper
sonnel
onl
y,ev
erysev
en
day
sandal
waysafteradv
erseweat
her.

4. Howi
ssaf
escaf
fol
dingi
dent
if
ied?

Byt
hecol
our
,gr
eent
ag.

5. Li
stt
hesafetymeasuresr
equi
redforov
erthesidewor
kingi
ndescendi
ng
or
derofpr
eferencei
fscaf
fol
dingi
snotpract
icabl
e.

Saf
etynet
s,saf
etybel
tli
neandl
i
fej
acket
.

6. Namet
wot
ypesofper
mitt
owor
kandgi
veanexampl
eoneach.

Page80of81
 Hot
:All
powerdri
ventool
s,bl
asti
ngandspray
ingequi
pment
s.
Col
d:Worki
ngathei
ghts,
rubbi
ngdown,housekeepi
ng.

7. Whatdocument
ati
oni
srequi
redpr
iort
oent
eri
ngav
essel
atof
fshor
e?

Aper mitmayber equir

edoverandabov ethehotorcoldonesissuedbya
compet entpersontocheckwhetheroxygenisinexcessof20%.Ast andby
personatt heentr
y,K9snif
fertodet
er mineexpl
osi
onlevel
s,M.E.L,O.E.
L.
arealsorequir
edbef or
eenteri
ngav essel.

8. Whoisul
ti
mat
elyr
esponsi
blef
orsaf
etyatof
fshor
e?
O.
I.
M.I
.O

9. Aredr
il
lingmudsacidi
coral
kal
i
ne?
Al
kali
ne.
10. Namet hreedecks,
whi
charemainatof
fshor
epl
atf
orms.

Spl
ashdeck,
atmospher
icdeckandt
opsi
desdeck.

11. Descr
ibet
hef
oll
owi
ngar
easonanof
fshor
epl
atf
orm.

Jacket:I
tisthesupportstr
uctur
eofapl
atf
orm.
Caissons:Openpipewor kwit
hpumpsandfil
ter
s.
Conductor:Joi
nsriserpi
peli
nestot
opsi
depipework.

12. Whatshoul
dyoudoi
mmedi
atel
yaf
terar
ri
vi
ngonanof
fshor
epl
atf
orm?

Booki
nandat
tendsaf
etybr
ief
ing.

13. Howar
eof
fshor
epl
atf
ormsi
dent
if
ied?

I
tisi
denti
fi
edbyoper
ator
'sname,nameofoi
lorgasf
iel
d.Let
ter
desi
gnat
ionsi
gni
sblackandyel
lowincol
our
.

14. Li
stt
hreesaf
etyconsi
der
ati
onsf
oral
lof
fshor
ewor
ker
swor
kingona
pr
oducti
onpl
atfor
m.

Page81of82
15. Whoi
ssueswor
kper
mit
s?

Nomi
nat
edr
esponsi
bleper
son.

16. Forhowl ongmustaper sonwor kof

fshor
ebeforeoff
shoresur
viv
alt
rai
ning
becomescompulsory
?
Av i
sit
orwhovisi
tsaplat f
orm doesnotstayov
erni
ght,f
ornotmoret
han
four
ti
mesay earandmustr egist
erhisvi
sitev
eryti
meont heri
g.

17. Howof
teni
samedi
cal
checkr
equi
redf
orper
sonnel
wor
kingatof
fshor
e?

Bel
ow40y ears -3year
s
Between40-50year
s-2years
Over50year
s -year
ly.

18. Howar
eescaper
out
esi
dent
if
iedonanof
fshor
epl
atf
orm?

Byref
lectiv
estri
ps,byarr
owsovert
hespeci
fi
eddeckcoat,pr
imar
yrout
es-
100Mts,secondaryrout
es-50Mts.
19. Namet hreemethodsofkeepi
ngaplat
for
minf i
xedposi
ti
on?

St
eel
pil
i
ng,
Mat
tsuppor
tandseat
anker
.

20. Whatpr
ecaut
ionsshoul
dbeobser
vedwhenboar
dingandt
rav
ell
i
ngi
n
hel
i
copt
er?

Asr
ecommendedbyt
heC.
A.A.

21. Li
sttheessent
ial
itemsofequi
pmentandcl
othi
ngf
oranof
fshor
epai
nti
ng
i
nspector

100%cottonover
all
s,r
iggerboot
s,safet
yhel
met s,
safet
yglasses,
gloves,
l
if
ejacketandsaf
etysuitar
etheequipment'
srequi
redfort
heinspector.

22. Eddycur
rentpai
ntthicknessmet
resandel
ect
ri
cal
ther
momet
rsmaynotbe
al
lowedatoff
shore,why ?
Page82of83
 Possi
bil
i
tyofspar
kfr
om bat
ter
iesi
sther
easonf
ornotal
l
owi
ngt
heabov
e
sai
dmet er
s.

23. Expl
aint
hef
oll
owi
ngt
erm'
spl
atf
orm,
modul
eandj
acket
.

Platfor
m: St
ruct
uresfr
om wher eoper
ati
ons,dr
il
li
ngandproduct
ionstar
tat
offshore.
Modul e:Lar
geboxeswhi chcontai
naccommodationandcompressoret
c.,
Jacket:Iti
sthesupportstr
uctur
eofaplatf
orm.

24. Whichdocument
sar
eyour
equi
redt
ohav
ebef
oreboar
dingahel
i
copt
ert
o
go
of
fshor
e?

C.A.
A.coursecer
ti
fi
cat
e,boar
dingcar
d,medi
cal
cer
ti
fi
cat
e,saf
etysur
viv
al
cert
if
icat
eandpasspor
t.

25. Whati
stheabbr
evi
ati
onf
orO.
I.
M?

Of
fshor
einst
all
ati
onmanager
.

26. Whati
sthest
ati
onbi
l
l?

I
tist
henot
iceboar
dlocat
edout
sidet
her
adi
oof
fi
cer
'sof
fi
ce.

27. Whatmustbewor
nbel
owt
hecel
l
ardeck?

Asur
viv
alsui
tandaf
ull
li
fej
acket
.

28. I
nanemergencywhatist
hediff
erencebet
weenanint
ermi
tt
entsi
renanda
f
lashi
ngl
i
ght,andaconti
nuoussir
enandar edl
i
ght
?

Int
ermit
tentsi
renandfl
ashl
ightpr
eparet
oabandonr
ig,wher
eas
conti
nuoussir
enandredli
ghtindi
cat
estoabandonr
ig.

29. Whati
sbr
uckercapsul
e?

I
tisanescapev
essel
.Iti
saf
ull
ycov
eredl
i
feboat
.
Page83of84
30. Whataret
heproblemsassociatedwit
hthepr
epar
ati
onandpai
nti
ngof
hel
i
decksand,
splashandtidalzones?

Probl
emsassoci
atedar
eweat
hercondi
ti
ons,
li
mit
edt
imef
act
ors,
airt
raf
fi
c
andti
del
evel
s.

31. Whenwoul
dhel
i
decks,
tidal
andspl
ashzonesar
epai
nted?

Theywil
lbepai
ntedwhenthereisl
owti
desandwhent
her
eisnohel
i
copt
er
act
ivi
tyandi
ndaylightwor
kingonl
y.

32. Whatconsi
der
ati
onsshoul
dbegi
vent
oscaf
fol
dingi
nthespl
ashzone?

Removal
ofboardsaf
terworkast
het
ideswi
l
lwashawayl
ooseboar
ds.I
t
shoul
dbecheckedr
egular
ly.

33. Whyar
eri
ggerboot
swor
natof
fshor
e?

I
tisr
esi
stantt
ooi
l
sandki
ckedofqui
ckl
y.

34. Whyar
eny
lonov
eral
l
susual
l
ypr
ohi
bit
ed?

Duet
ost
ati
cel
ect
ri
cit
ywhi
chcanoccur
.Theymayal
somel
t.

35. Descr
ibet
hreemet
hodsf
orf
ixi
ngapl
atf
ormi
nposi
ti
on.

St
eel
pil
i
ng,
mat
tsuppor
tandseat
anksar
ethet
hreemet
hods.

36. Whati
sder
ri
ckl
aybar
ge?

I
tisavesselforlay
ingoff
shoreoi
landgaspi
pel
i
nesandset
ti
ngt
opsi
des,
r
iser
sandf orpil
i
ngofjacket
s.

37. Wher
eonpl
atf
ormi
sthespi
derdeck?

I
tist
hel
owestdeck.Spl
ashzonewal
kwaybet
weenbr
acesandconduct
ors.

38. Whoi
sast
andbymanorr
adi
oman?

Page84of85
 Heisapersonusedi
nthevesselornearencl
osedspacesincasesof
emergency
.Hemustbealwayspresentinper
sonandont helookout
.
Radi
oman-heisa3waycont act
,himself,
workteam andst
andbyboat.

39. Howi
sapai
ntappl
i
cat
ionequi
pmentear
thedf
oruseatof
fshor
e?

Blastcleani
ng and spray equipmentshal lbe cont
inuousl
y el
ectr
ical
l
y
bondedf r
om nozzl
etothesurfacebeingpaintedandbackwardfr
om nozzl
e
tothecompressor,whi
chshallbeearthed.

40 Whati
sthemi
nimum l
engt
hofnozzl
eforwetbl
ast
ingatof
fshor
e?

Onemet
rel
ong.

41. Namet
hreet
ypesoff
oul
ant
?

Ani
mal
s,pl
antandmi
cro-
organi
sm.

42. Descr
ibet
hemeani
ngofH-
120i
nrel
ati
ont
ofi
repr
otect
ion.

H-Hydrocar
bonand120mi
nut
esi
sthet
imef
ort
hef
ir
epr
oof
,whi
chi
s
r
equi
redtoprot
ecty
ou.

43. Whati
sHP/Aofast
ruct
ural
member
?

I
tist
her
ati
ooft
heheat
edpr
emi
eroft
hest
eel
toi
tscr
oss-
sect
ional
area.

44. Namet
het
womaj
ort
ypesoff
ir
epr
oofcoat
ings.

1.Cementi
ous
2.I
ntumesceenI
ntumescent
.

45. Descr
ibeat
ypi
cal
methodusedtokeepav
eryt
hickf
ir
epr
oofcoat
ing
adher
edontoast
eel
substr
ate.

Atypi
calmet
hodi
sbyt heuseofwi
renet
ti
ng(
rei
nfor
ced)
,pi
nnedt
othe
subst
rat
ebywel
ding.

46. Namefourt
ypesofant
i-
foul
ingcoat
ingsandbri
efl
ydescri
behowt
heywor
k.
1.Sol
ublematr
ixt
ype:Water-
sol
ubl
ebinder
,rel
easeofresi
ns.
Page85of86
 2.Contacti nsol
ublemat ri
xt y
pe: Insol
ublebi nder,
releaseofcuprousoxi
de.
3.Dif
fusiont ype:Chlorinatedr ubberorviny lbi
nderreleasesorgani
c
sol
vent sanddi ff
usesout .
4.Washof forselfpolisht ype: Copolymerisedacry l
i
cbi nder
.Erosi
on
washesof f.I
tisusedi nof fshor est
ructures.
47. Onwhatpar tsofanof f
shor est ructur
eareant i
-f
oulantsappli
ed?

Subandspl
ashzonel
egsandupt
oei
ghtmet
resoft
heL.
A.T.

48. Namet
wocommont
ypesoft
oxi
cmat
eri
alusedi
nant
i-
foul
ant
s.

Cupr
ousoxi
de,
organot
in,
mer
cur
yar
seni
c-r
est
ri
cteduse.

49. Namef ourenv

ironment
alf
act
orst
hatwi
l
lgov
ernt
heef
fect
ivel
i
feofan
ant
i-
fouli
ngcoating.

1.Wavespeed
2.Hi
ghsali
nit
yofwat er
3.Watert
emperatur
eerosi
on
4.Hi
ghpHl ev
els

50. Whatdoy
ouunder
standbyanencapsul
atedar
eaatof
fshor
e?

Thear
eai
sful
l
yencl
osedwor
kingar
eausual
l
yforsaf
etyorcl
i
mat
e.

51. Whattypeoff
ir
epr
oofcoat
ingswel
l
supwheni
treacheshi
ght
emper
atur
e
of200
c?

I
ntumescent
.

52. Namefourconsi
derat
ionsforselect
ingt
hethi
cknessofaspeci
fi
cfi
re
pr
oofcoat
ingforpr
otecti
ngstructur
alst
eel
.

1.Typeoff i
re
2.Durat
ionofprot
ection
3.H/PA oft hest
ructuralf
ormat
ion
4.Thecrit
icalt
emperatureoft
hesteel
(400
cismostcommon)

53. Howdocel
l
ulosi
cfi
resdi
ff
erf
rom hy
drocar
bonf
ir
es?

Page86of87
 Hydr
ocarbonsar
efuel
byoi
lsorgases.Cell
ulosi
cfi
restakelongert
imeto
r
eachtheirmaxi
mum t
emperat
ure.(
Highthermalshock-1250c,
shortt
ime)

54. Namef
iveway
saf
ir
epr
otect
ivecoat
ingcani
nsul
atef
rom f
ir
e.

1.At her
mal l
yinsul
ati
nglayer
2. Abarri
ertoexcludeoxygenfr
om thecombustionsurface
3. Theformationofaheatresi
stantandnoncombustl ayer
4. Theevoluti
onofnoncombustgasesorwat ertoquencht hefl
ames
5. Theremov alofafi
reatt
achedoutersur
facetorevealacoolersur
face.

55. Whatt
ypeoff
ir
epr
oofcoat
ingi
scur
rent
lyi
nfav
ourf
oruseatof
fshor
e?

I
ntumescent
.

56. Howar
eant
i-
foul
i
ngcoat
ingsappl
i
ed?

I
tisusual
l
yappl
i
edbyai
rl
essspr
ay.

57. TheB-gasdraftspeci
ficat
ionentitl
ed' Speci
fi
cat
ionforpai
nti
ngand
coati
ngofoffshorestr
ucturesrelatedequipmentproper
ti
esand
perf
ormanceofpai nt
sandcoat ings'isthe-BG/OS/PS/1206

58. Howi
sthespl
ashzonedef
ined?

Spl
ashzonehasadi
mensioni
narea.Noot
herdeckhast
hisdi
mensi
on.I
t
i
s-2.
5Mt s.t
o+12Mts.oft
heL.
A.T.

59. Arecopperni
ckel
sur
facespai
nted?I
fsodi
scusst
her
easonsf
orpai
nti
ng
them.

Yes,
coppernickel
sur
facesar
epai
nted,
forcol
ourcodi
ngandcosmet
ic
coat
ingonpipework.

60. Whoseresponsi
bil
i
tyi
sittoprovi
deuptodatedat
aandproductsafet
y
sheet
sforthepai
nts/coat
ingsandsol
vent
susedonthecontract
?

Coat
ingmanuf
act
urer
s.

Page87of88
61. Whatisthemi
nimum sur
facepr
epar
ati
onst
andar
dfori
nter
nal
coat
ingon
cai
ssons?
SA3.

62. Whati
stheampli
tuder
anger
equi
redf
orbl
astcl
eanedsur
faces?
50-75micr
ons.

63. Forwhatdi
stancemustsur
facepr
epar
ati
onov
erl
apont
oadj
acentpai
nted
areas.
50mm.

64. Whatsur
facepr
epar
ati
onmet
hodi
susedwi
thi
nonehourofabr
asi
vewet
bl
ast
ing?

Pr
imercoat
ed,
pressur
ewashedwi
thf
reshpot
abl
ewat
er.

65. I
sitper
missi
blet
ousei
nhi
bit
orsf
orwetbl
ast
ing?

No.Theycanl
eav
eadeposi
tont
hesur
face.

66. Whati
sthetemper
atur
e,dewpoi
ntandr
elat
ivehumi
dit
yrest
ri
cti
onf
or
f
ini
shbl
asti
ng?

Dewpointshoul
dbeabove3
cabov
ethesubst
rat
etemper
atur
e.RHshoul
d
notbehi
gherthan85%.

67. I
sbl
astcl
eani
ngper
mit
tedatni
ght
?

Yes,
butt
hej
obmustbef
ini
shedi
nmor
ningday
li
ght
.

68. Whatt
ypeofcl
eani
ngisnor
mal
l
yspeci
fi
edf
orr
epai
randmai
ntenance
wor
kandtowhatgrade?

Wi
rebr
ushi
ngt
oSt3.

69. Ar
epoweri
mpactt
ool
sper
mit
ted?

Inspeci
aloccasi
onsbyagr
eementbyB-
gasengi
neer
.Whenot
hermet
hods
arenotsui
tabl
efoll
owbybrushi
ngt
oSt3.

Page88of89
70. I
sitper
mi ssi
bletopaintwi
thnon-
moist
uret
oler
ancesyst
em i
ftheai
r
t
emperatureis13c,
themetalsur
facei
s12candthedewpoi
ntis9c?

No.Dewpoi nti
slessthan3coft
hemetalsubstr
ate.I
tshoul
dbeov er
thr
eedegrees.RH%i snotknown.Manuf
acturerr
ecommendationsareto
befol
lowed.

71. I
sitper
missi
blet
oappl
ypai
ntsf
rom asi
ngl
eBosunschai
r?

Yes.Nott
obespr
ayappl
i
ed.Br
ushappl
i
cat
iononl
yisal
l
owed.

72. Whatappl
i
cati
onrequi
rementsar
especi
fi
edf
ort
hespr
ayappl
i
cat
ionof
pai
ntt
olargesur
facearea?

Byairl
essspr
ayfol
l
owingmanuf
act
urer
sinst
ruct
ions.Uni
for
m par
all
el
passeshavetobefol
l
owed.

73. Namesixar
easont
heof
fshor
est
ruct
uret
hatmusthav
ecoat
ingsappl
i
ed-
BS729.

Gr
ati
ngs,
ladder
s,cages,
handr
ail
s,st
andar
dwal
kway
s,ki
ckpl
atesandduct
wor
k.

74. Canstai
nlessst
eel
sur
facesbepai
nted?I
fsodi
scusst
her
easonsf
or
pai
nti
ngthem.

Yes,t
heycanbepai nt
ed,i
fthear eai
sunderinsul
ati
ontopreventchl
ori
de-
i
nsti
gatedcorrosi
onandforprotecti
onfrom heat
.
75. Whichprocedurewouldt
akepr ecedenceift
hereisaconf
li
ctbetweenthe
proj
ectspeci
fi
cati
onandthe12-06/A.

12-06/B,
proj
ectspeci
fi
cat
iont
akespr
ecedence.

76. Doest
heB-
gasi
nspect
orhast
her
ightt
ocheckscaf
fol
ding?

Yes,
butcannotappr
ove.

77. Canaut
hor
izat
ionf
orov
ercoat
ingbegi
venv
erbal
l
ybyt
heB-
gasi
nspect
or?

Yes,
buthast
oputi
tinwr
it
ingl
ater
.
Page89of90
78. Howar epai
ntedsurf
aces,
damagedt
obar
est
eel
dur
ingt
ransi
stor
i
nstal
l
ation,
pr
eparedpri
ortorepai
r?

Preparati
onspri
ortorepairar
e,r
epai
ritt
oori
ginalsy
stem.Extend50mm
ontosoundcoati.e.usesameblastst
andar
d,pri
mei nt
ermedi
ateand
topcoatstosameD. F.
T's.

79. Howar
eampl
i
tudesofbl
ast
edsur
faceschecked/measur
ed?

Byusi
ngt
est
ext
ape&mi
cromet
er,
bypr
ofi
l
egauge,
sur
faceneedl
egauge.

80. Howar
eD.
F.T'
smeasur
ed?

Theyaremeasuredwithanel
cometerty
pe,dryfi
l
m gaugecall
edmagnet
ic
bananagauge.Exceptf
orM.I
.O.wher
eW. F.
T.tocal
cul
ateD.F.
T.i
sVsx
WFT
I
N

81. Forwhi
chcoat
ingsi
s100%hol
i
daydet
ect
ionspeci
fi
ed?

Foral
lcoat
ingsfr
om bel
owcel
l
art
oseabed,
coal
tarepoxy
,gl
assf
lake
epoxyandpolysi
l
oxane.

82. Howar
eadhesi
ont
est
scar
ri
edout
?

ByX-cut
,cr
osshat
chordol
l
ytest
.

83. Howmanycoatsofanti
-f
oulingpai
ntar
eappl
i
edt
ospeci
fi
edar
eas?
Thr
eet
ofourcoat
safterti
e-coat
.

84. Whatpai nt/coati

ngsystem i
sspecifi
edforsplashzonesandt owhat
thi
ckness?
Coal t
arepoxy-200mi crons,
epoxyprimer-30mi cr
ons,t otal
630-mi crons.
Glassflakeepoxy-2x250mi cr
ons,epoxypri
mer-30mi crons,tot
al-530
microns.
85. Discussthefullsy
stem fr
om drybl
astpreparat
iontofindcoat ,f
orcoati
ng
the
undersideofacellul
ardeckonshore.
Page90of91
 Bl
astcl
eant
oSa21/
2,z
incr
ichepoxypr
imer-t
iecoat
,then3coat
sofhi
gh
bui
l
d
epoxy
.

86. Whatt
ypeofpri
meristobeusedontheunder
sideofacel
l
ardecki
fwi
re
br
ushi
ngisusedinst
eadofbl
ast
ing?

Hi
ghsol
i
dsal
umi
nium epoxy
.

87. Whatcoat
ingsy
stem i
sspeci
fi
edf
orconduct
ors?

Coal
tarepoxy-samecoat
ingasi
nthezone.

88. Whatcoat
ingsy
stem sspeci
fi
edf
ori
nter
nal
l
ycoat
ingcai
ssons?

Sa3-bl
ast
inggl
assf
lake,
epoxypol
yest
er-2mm.

89. Howar
eescaper
out
est
obei
dent
if
ied?

Byar
rowsmadef
rom r
efl
ect
ivest
ri
ps.

90. Forwhatappl
i
cat
ioni
sheav
y-dut
yscr
eedspeci
fi
ed?

Heavydut
ydeckareas,majorwear
,non-
skidareas,
copol
ymer
sscr
eed,
escaper
oute,
hel
ideck,
skiddeckanddri
lldeck.

91. Whatf
ini
shcoati
sspeci
fi
edf
ort
het
opsi
dezoneandwhy
?

Ultr
aviol
et,
urethaneacr
y l
icsarethefinishcoat
sspecif
ied.I
thasgood
resi
stance,gl
ossr et
ent
ion,easi
lyclearedandstrongbi
nderimpermeabl
e.

92. I
sthepai
nti
ngofgal
vani
zedsur
facesspeci
fi
ed?Di
scuss.

Yes.BecausethehotdipsurfacesmustbeincompliancewithBS729also
ther
earesystemsf orO/coat
inggal
vani
zedi t
emsandt herepai
rof
damagedgalvanizedareasbyepoxymastics.Col
ourcodetobegiven.

93. Whatty
peofsur
facepr
epar
ati
oni
sspeci
fi
edi
fiti
snecessar
ytocoatCu-
Ni
orNial
l
oys?
Page91of92
 Thesurfacehast obedegreased,l
i
ghtl
yabradedandwashedwi
thf
resh
wateranddr i
ed.Coatwit
hur et
haneorepoxyetchpr
imeronl
yonal
umini
um.
Donotbl astcl
ean.

94. Forwhatappl
i
cat
ionmayzi
ncsi
l
icat
ewi
thaseal
erbespeci
fi
ed?

Atmospheresathi
ghel
evat
edtemper
atur
e121cto350c,f
lar
est
acks,
tur
bineexhaust
sandaspermanuf
act
urer
'sspeci
fi
cat
ion.

95. Howar edamagedcoat

ingspr
epar
edandr
epai
redwhent
heyhav
enot
exposedthemetal
surf
ace?

Damagedcoatingsshouldbesuit
abl
ycl
eanedandchamferedtoensur
e
patchcoat
ingi
scont i
nuous.Thebui
l
dupistobeuptothespeci
fi
ed
thi
cknessandsystems.

96. Coat
ingmustnotcomewi
thi
nfi
ft
ymm f
orpr
epar
ingwel
ds.

97. Whati
sinsul
ati
onusedf
or?

Iti
susedforconser
vingheat
,col
d,f
orper
sonnel
prot
ect
ion,
frostandant
i-
condensat
ion.

98. Namet
het
hreegener
alt
ypesofmat
eri
alsusedi
nani
nsul
ati
onsy
stem.

Cal
cium si
l
icat
e,r
ockwool
,expandedper
li
teandmodi
fi
edsl
agwool
.

99. Whi
chB-
gasspeci
fi
cat
ionappl
i
est
oacoust
iccl
addi
ng?

BGC-PS-PW C1

100. Whati
stheai
m ofacoust
iccl
addi
ng?

I
tsmai
nai
mist
ocutdownnoi
sel
evel
by10-20deci
bel
s.

101. Whatist
het
ypi
cal
thi
cknessf
oracoust
iccl
addi
ng?
50-100mm.

Page92of93
102. Whati
sthemetalj
acketcomposedforacoust
iccl
addi
ng?
Al
umini
um al
l
oy,gal
vanizedmi
ldsteel
.

103. Whati
sthei
nsul
ati
onbandi
ngmadef
rom?

Metal
l
icandnon-
met
all
i
cbandi
ngmustbemadef
rom t
hesamemat
eri
alas
t
hatofthej
acket
.

104. Whatarether
equi
rement
sformast
icseal
antandr
ubberorneopr
ene
bedding
str
ips?

I
tmustbesuit
abl
eforuseatt
emper
atur
ebet
ween-
20
cto+50
candi
n
r
areoccasi
onupt
o80c.

105. Whatar
enut
s,bol
tsandwasher
smadef
rom?

Theyar
emadeofei
therst
ainl
essst
eel
orzi
nccoat
edmi
l
dst
eel
.

106. Whatar
ethef
ourbasi
coper
ati
onsf
orappl
yi
ngacoust
iccl
addi
ng?

1.Prepar
ation
2.I
nsulat
ionandf i
xi
ng
3.Repeatinsul
ati
onandfi
xi
ngi
frequi
red
4.Metalcl
addingandfi
xi
ng.

107. Whati
sthemi
nimum ov
erl
apf
ort
hemet
alj
acketont
oit
sel
f?

25mm.

108. Whatact
ioni
stakenwhencl
addi
ngr
eachesabr
anchpi
pe?

Acl
ear
anceof6mm i
smai
ntai
nedandmast
icf
il
led.

109. Whi
chspeci
fi
cat
ionappl
i
est
other
mal
insul
ati
on?

BGC-PS-PW C2.

110. Whati
sver
micul
i
te?

Page93of94
 Ver
micul
i
tei
sal
oosegr
anul
arf
il
lty
peofi
nsul
ati
on.

111. Namesi
xmat
eri
alst
hatcoul
dbeusedf
ort
her
mal
insul
ati
on.

Foamedgl
ass,r
ockwool
,modif
iedsl
agwool,
expandedper
li
te,
cal
cium
si
li
cat
eandphenol
icf
oam (
nottobeusedi
nbuil
dings)
.

112. Whatt
otal
thi
cknesscoul
dbespeci
fi
edf
ort
her
mal
insul
ati
on?

Bet
ween50-100mm andi
ncer
tai
ncaseupt
o400mm.

113. Forwhatappli
cati
onarevapourseal
sused?
I
tisusedforcryogeni
cappl
icat
ion.

114. Whatt y
peofmet alcl
addi
ngisusedf
orther
mal i
nsul
ati
on?
Ei
theralumini
um all
oyorgal
vani
zedmil
dsteel
sheeti
ngwheregr
eat
er
ri
gidi
tyisneeded.

115. Whati
sanal
ter
nat
ivet
omet
alcl
addi
ngf
ort
her
mal
insul
ati
on?

Sel
f-
set
ti
ngcement
,gl
assclot
handhardset
ti
ngcomposit
ion.
116. Namesixbi
ndi
ngmater
ial
susedfort
hermali
nsul
ati
on.

Wir
enetti
ng,bi
ndingwi
re,
sel
ftapi
ngscr
ews,
bindi
ngt
ape,
nut
sandbol
ts
andadhesi
vejoi
ntseal
ant
.

117. Li
stfourbasi
coper
ati
onsf
orappl
yi
ngi
nsul
ati
onf
orheatconser
vat
ionand
pr
otecti
on?

Prepar
ati
onsrepeati
nsulat
ionandfixi
ngi
frequi
red,
met
alcl
addi
ngand
fi
xingorsel
f-
sett
ingorhardset
tingcement
.

118. Li
stthef
ivebasi
coper
ati
onsf
orappl
yi
ngi
nsul
ati
onf
orcol
dconser
vat
ion
and
cry
ogeni
cservi
ce.

Staggerinsul
ati
on,fi
rstlayerofv apourseali
ngcompound,scr um cl
oth
embeddedi nfi
rstseal
ing,secondlayerofsealthencl
addingandbanding
seal,
vapoursealandmet al
claddi
ngar et
hefiv
ebasicoperati
ons.

Page94of95
119. Howf
requent
lyi
sbi
ndi
ngwi
reusedwheni
nsul
ati
ngpi
pewor
ks?

At150mm i
nter
val
s.

120. Howf
requent
lyar
efi
xi
ngbandsusedonequi
pment
?

300mm.

121. Howf
requent
lyar
efi
xi
ngbandsusedonmet
alcl
addi
ng?

450mm.

122. Whati
sthemi
nimum met
alcl
addi
ngov
erl
aponpi
pesgr
eat
ert
han40-
mm
di
ameter
?

75mm.

123. Wher
eisant
i-
abr
asi
vecompoundused?

Forf
ixi
ngmat
eri
al.

124. Whati
sthetemper
atur
erangeappl
i
cabl
etot
heB-
gasspeci
fi
cat
ionf
or
t
hermali
nsul
ati
on?

-200
cto+1000
c

Page95of96