7 OSI MODEL

OSI TPC/IP Explanation

7 - Application 4 - Application Software + protocol that will be used (SMTP for email for example)

6 - Presentation Data Conversion:

Convert the data to a format that the application will understand or vice versa,
convert from the format (jpg,mp4,etc..) to data.

5 - Session Knows when the connection starts and finish. establish a connection

segment 4 - Transport 3 - Transport TCP / UDP Protocols

Provides transparent data transfer between nodes and is responsible for end to
end error recovery and flow control. When some data get lost network layer will
care to bring them back. (TCP, UDP)

packet 3 - Network 2 - Network IP/ICMP - Routers - STATIC and DYNAMIC

The layer which brings routing, addressing, error handling, internetworking
technologies. Makes the path to reach the target node through the network. (IP,
ICMP)

frame 2 - Data Link 1 - Link LLC - determine if its IPv4 or IPv6

MAC - determine the MAC address from source and destination

bit 1 - Physical Responsible for sending bitstream (electrical signals, light pulse, radio waves)
through the network. It provides physical devices including cables, cards,
interfaces. (USB, Bluetooth, Ethernet physical layer, SONET)

ARP (ADDRESS RESOLUTION PROTOCOL): Sent once from the switch to know the mac of the devices connected.
OSI TPC/IP

7 - Application 4 - Application

6 - Presentation

5 - Session

4 - Transport 3 - Transport

3 - Network 2 - Network

2 - Data Link 1 - Link

1 - Physical

Example of OSI MODEL by Renan

Send a Message with whatsapp

Application Layer: Will decide which protocol will be used - WhatsApp uses a customized version of the open standard Extensible
Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP)

Presentation Layer: Will convert the XMPP to a Data (has to be called data, i will clarify later)

Session Layer: Open a session

Transport Layer: A TCP protocol will send the message, because is a TCP protocol will confirm that the information was sent
successfully.

Network layer: Will find the better route to send the information

Data Link Layer: Will get the IPv4 in this case and get the mac address from destination and source (mac from the cellphone and
cellphone that will receive).

Physical Layer: Will send the Information in bits 0 and 1

Example XMPP:
Example of SMTP (Email Protocol)