 CHAPTER 1: NSTP PROGRAM (RA 9163)

- NSTP aims to inculcate civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the

Filipino Youth.
- Helps develop the ethics of service and patriotism in the youth.
- NSTP LAW Republic Act 9163 a.k.a An Act Establishing the NSTP for
Tertiary-Level Students.
- Signed by Gloria Macapagal Arroyo on January 23, 2002
- Made the ROTC optional
- Requisite for graduation: ROTC, LTS OR CWTS
- ROTC: Provide military training for national defense preparedness.
- LTS: To teach literacy and numeracy skills to school children, out of school
youths.
- CWTS: Engage in activities contributory to the general welfare and betterment of
life for the members of community.
- THREE PROPONENTS OF NSTP LAW: DND (Department of National
Defense), CHED (Commission on Higher Education), TESDA (Technical
Education and Skills Development Authority)
- CORE VALUES: SERVICE and PATRIOTISM
- COVERAGE OF NSTP LAW:
A. ALL students, male or female enrolled in any baccalaureate degree or 2-year
vocational course in public or private school MUST COMPLETE ONE
NSTP COMPONENT of their choice for 2 semesters as a GRADUATION
REQUIREMENT.
B. ALL higher and technical-vocational institutions MUST OFFER ROTC and
at least ONE NSTP COMPONENT.
C. PMA (Philippine Military Academy), PMMA (Philippine Merchant Marine
Academy), PNPA (Philippine National Police Academy) are NOT
COVERED BY THE NSTP LAW.
 CHAPTER 1 IMPORTANT TERMS
 HOUSE BILL NO. 3593 AND SENATE BILL NO. 1824- These bills
recognized the vital role of the Filipino Youth in nation-building.
 REPUBLICT ACT NO. 9163- Also known as NSTP ACT OF 2001
 ROTC was institutionalized in SECTIONS 38 and 39 of Republic Act No. 7077.
 IRR means IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS
 NSTP-CWTS is a three-unit NON-ACADEMINC course for students who opt
to take the CWTS components of NSTP.
 NSTP-CWTS shall train students to become innovators of SOCIAL change.
 The PMA, PMMA, and PNPA are NOT covered by the NSTP Law.
 GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO signed RA 9163
 PMA means PHILIPPINE MILITARY ACADEMY
 DND, CHED,TESDA- 3 INSTITUTIONS LEAD IN THE IMPLEMENTATION
OF NSTP
 CHAPTER 2: THE NATURE OF THE HUMAN PERSON
- ESTAÑOL (2007) defines the human person as having physical, spiritual,
emotional and intellectual attributes.
- ST. THOMAS AQUINAS describes the human person as having physical and
spiritual substance because he/she has a soul abd is created by a SUPERIOR
BEING WITH A DIVINE PURPOSE.
- DICTIONARIES define the human person as a “self-conscious animal.”
- CHARACTERISTICS OF A HUMAN PERSON
 BABOR (2007) in his book; The Human Person: Not Real, But Existing
discuss the ff. characteristics of a human person
A. A human person is a RATIONAL BEING
B. A human person is BORN FREE
C. A human person is UNIQUE
D. Every person is intrinsically a SOCIAL BEING and cannot detach
himself from other creatures in the universe
E. All living things are SEXUAL BY NATURE, but the uniqueness of
expression of a person’s sexuality makes him/her different.
- BIBLICAL VIEWS
 Human person has SUPERIORITY and DIGNITY inherited from the
SUPREME BEING.
 GENESIS 1:26-27- GOD created man and woman in His own image and
likeness and made them the masters of every life on earth.
 GOD entrusted to the human person the care of all the creatures.
 AGBUYA (1997)- The human person is designated by God to exercise
DOMINION over the creatures around him.
- PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS
 PROTAGORAS- A human person is the measure of all things that exist
and of all things that do not exist.
 PLATO- Claimed that the perfect human being is just an imperfect copy
of humanity’s original self in the realm of ideas.
 PARMENIDES- Posited that a person has a knowledge of something that
exists, for a person who does not exist is nothing.
 MAGUIGAD (2006) in his book, Philosophy of the Human Being
explains the different philosophical views of the human person:
A. CONSERVATISM- Conservative view is not entirely positive and
definitely NON-EGALITARIAN. Some mem contribute more than
others in the society and must be rewarded and honored.
B. LIBERALISM- Liberalism has a MORE EGALITARIAN view of
human nature. All men are capable of reason and rational action and
have the capacity to live satisfactory and productive lives if given the
opportunity.
C. SOCIALISM- The human being readily engages in cooperative social
activities when given the opportunity. MARX believes the man is
 driven primarily by desire for economic gains. Das Kapital- he
considers the human person as social animal.
D. FASCISM- What matters most is the country itself.
- CLASSICAL GREEK VIEWS
 Defines the human person as a “Rational Animal”
 A human person is capable of knowing, loving and believing, which
leads him to be fully aware of his humanity.
- SOCIOLOGICAL VIEWS
 A perspective is a particular way of looking at and seeing something
 SALCEDO (2004) states that people look at this social world or at the
various ways that human beings believe in a social way.
 SOCIETY or the SOCIAL WORLD- Referring to the behavior of
human beings.
 SAN JUAN (2007)- Common ideas about the human person:
A. Human person are SOCIAL ANIMALS
B. The human person’s social behavior is LEARNED, not
INSTINCTIVE.
C. To understand the human person’s social behavior, we have to
FOCUS our attention on the groups to which people belong.
D. SOCIOLOGY IS A DISCIPLINE that looks into the totality of
relationships in an individual’s life.
- ABRAHAM MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS is the GUIDING
PRINCIPLE in realizing a person’s competence and ability.
 SELF ACTUALIZATION means a person has reached the peak of his potential.
SELF ESTEEM includes achievement, mastery, and confidence derived from
recognition, respect and attention.
SOCIAL NEEDS include affection, sense of belonging and friendship which people
seek to overcome feelings of loneliness and alienated
SAFETY NEEDS include security and protection from physical and emotional harm.
PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS include the biological and basic needs.

 CHAPTER 2 IMPORTANT TERMS

 HUMAN PERSON- He/she has physical, spiritual, emotional and intellectual
attributes.
 AN INNATE GOODNESS- Human person possesses this attribute no matter
how imprudent his actions are.
 OPTIMISTIC- is NOT a characteristic of a person according to BABOR.
 PERSPECTIVE- Is a particular way of looking at and seeing something.
 PHYSIOLOGICAL- Includes the basic needs according to Maslow.
 SELF ACTUALIZATION- Means a person has reached the peak of his
potential.
 ABRAHAM MASLOWN- Postulated the Hierarchy of Needs.
 ROGER- He theorized that every person has a inherent desire for a positive
transformation and the development of his capacities.
 LIBERALISM- This philosophical views holds that all men are capable of
reason and rational action and have the capacity to live satisfactory and
productive lives if given the opportunity.
 DOMINION- As designated by God the human person exercises this prerogative
over the creatures.
 SAN JUAN- Says that human persons are social animals.
 SELF ESTEEM- A level in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs where recognition and
respect are found.
 HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY- Branch of Psychology that theorizes that a
person’s behavior and relationship with others are shaped by his inner feelings
and self-image.
 VEGETATIVE CREATURE- As a vegetative creature, the human person needs
to have food to grow, develop and reproduce.
 IMAGE- The human person is patterned after the image of God.
 INTELLECTUAL AND AESTHETIC LEARNING- A person cannot
appreciate this pursuit when he is hungry or if he feels unsafe.
 DIGNITY- Aside from superiority, the human person also inherited this quality
from the Supreme Being.
 BABOR- In his book The human person Not Real But Existing, he discusses the
several characteristics of a human person.
  ST. THOMAS AQUINAS- He describes the human person as created by a
Superior Being with a divine purpose.
 CONSERVATISM- A political view that states all men may not be equal value
to society: some mean are intended to rule while the rest are intended to obey.
 CONSERVATIVE VIEW- It is not entirely positive and definitely NON-
EGALITARIAN.
 LIBERALISM- Has an egalitarian view of human nature.
 SOCIALISM- Maintains that the human person has a natural cooperative instinct
 PARMENIDES- he posited that a human person has a knowledge of something
that exists, for a person who does not exist is nothing.
 CHAPTER 3 VALUES DEVELOPMENT FOR CITIZENSHIP
TRAINING
- The PREAMBLE to the 1987 Constitution states: “We, the sovereign Filipino
people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane
society and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations,
promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to
ourselves and our posterity the blessings of independence and democracy under
the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace,
do ordain and promulgate this Constitution” (De Leon et al., 2011).
- PREAMBLE- Is an introductory and preliminary statement in a document that
explains the document’s purpose and underlying philosophy.
- PHILOSOPY OF VALUES
 Understanding philosophy of human values is necessary in understanding
Filipino values such as family closeness and solidarity, politeness,
hospitality and gratitude (utang na loob).
 VALUES both SUBJECTIVE and OBJECTIVE- Involve a subject who
values and an object or value to be realized.
 JUSTICE is OBJECTIVE because it is value that should be realized by
all.
- GOOD CITIZENSHIP VALUES
 LOVE FOR GOD or PAGKAMAKA-DIYOS
 LOVE FOR FELLOWMEN OR PAGKAMAKA-TAO
 LOVE FOR COUNTRY OR PAGKAMAKA-BAYAN
 LOVE FOR ENVIRONMENT OR PAGKAMAKA-KALIKASAN
- ROOTS OF THE FILIPINO ENVIRONMENT:
A. The FAMILY and HOME ENVIRONMENT.
B. The SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
C. CULTURE AND LANGUAGE
D. HISTORY
E. The EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
F. RELIGION
G. The ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
H. The POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT
 I. MASS MEDIA
J. LEADERSHIP AND ROLE MODELS
- NATIONALISM AND PATRIOTISM
 CHAPTER 3 IMPORTANT TERMS
 The term FILIPINO originally referred to the native inhabitants.
 A Filipino value CANNOT stand alone.
 Human interventions is IMPORTANT to gain full benefits from natural resources.
 CHAPTER 4 LEADERSHIP TRAINING
- HUMAN BEHAVIOR is the capacity of mental, physical, emotional and social
activities during the five stages of a human beings life.
- MOTIVATION encompasses the internal and external factors that stimulate
desire and energy in people to be continually interested in and committed to a job.