Senior High School

Organization & Management

Quarter I
Module 1
Meaning, Function, Types and Theories of
Management

Writer:
JONER G. MAGLALANG
MT-I Sta. Maria HS, Macabebe
Editors:
JANE P. VALENCIA, EdD – Math/ABM Supervisor
CHAIRMAN
JONER G. MAGLALANG – MT- I
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the Meaning, Function, Type and Theories of Management. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow
the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is namely:

 Lesson 1 – Meaning, Function, Types and Theories of Management

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Explain the meaning, function, types and theories of management;

What I Know

Before you start studying this module, take this simple test to find out what you
already know about the topic.

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on your notebook.

1. Defined to mean either a group of individuals and factors and their

relationships or to the process itself.
a. Organization
b. Management
c. Planning
d. Organizing
2. The activity or process which coordinates directs and controls the activities of
all other parts.
a. Organization
b. Management
c. Planning
d. Organizing
3. Consists of ensuring that work is accomplishes by assigning tasks, coordinating
them, and allocating necessary resources.
a. Planning
b. Controlling
c. Organizing
d. Leading
4. Consists of guiding and directing the behavior of subordinates for the
attainment of organizational goals.
a. Planning
b. Controlling
c. Organizing
d. Leading
5. Consist of monitoring the checking alignment of performance to predetermined
standards.
a. Planning
b. Controlling
c. Organizing
d. Leading
6. It is a broad perspective that allows managers to examine patterns and events
in the workplace.
a. Theory X
b. Theory Y
c. System Theory
d. Chaos Theory
7. This theory asserts that managers make decisions based on the situation at
hand rather than a “one size fits all” method.
a. Theory X
b. Contingency Theory
c. System Theory
d. Chaos Theory
8. This theory recognizes that change is inevitable and rarely controlled.
a. Theory X
b. Contingency Theory
c. System Theory
d. Chaos Theory
9. This theory is management style and values often use an authoritarian style of
leadership,
a. Theory X
b. Theory Y
c. System Theory
d. Theory X and Y
10. This theory believes that workers are naturally driven and take responsibility
also leaders encourage participation from workers.
a. Theory X
b. Theory Y
c. Contingency Theory
d. Theory X and Y
11.A management is considered good when skilled men are positioned as head of
the departments.
a. Bad Manager
b. Good Manager
c. Contingency Theory
d. Theory X and Y
12.Involves determining the organizations’ goal or performance objectives.
a. Planning
b. Controlling
c. Organizing
d. Leading
13. Bringing harmonious relations among the individuals and work groups or
teams in the organization.
a. Planning
b. Controlling
c. Organizing
d. Leading
14. Indicate filling in the different job positions in the organizations’ structure.
a. Staffing
b. Controlling
c. Organizing
d. Leading
15. Implemented to help increase organizational productivity and service quality.
a. Management Theories
b. Theory Y
c. System Theory
 d. Theory X and Y

Well, how was it? Do you think you did well? Compare your answers with those in the
Answer Key

If all your answers are correct, very good! This goes to show that you already know
much about the topics in this module. You may still study the module to review what
you already know. Who knows? You might learn a few new things as well.

If you got a low score, don’t feel bad. This means that this module is for you. It will
help you to understand important concepts that you can apply in your daily life. If you
study this module carefully, you will learn the answers to all the items in the test and
a lot more! Are you ready?

You may go now to the next page to begin Lesson 1.

Lesson Meaning, Function, Types
1 and Theories of
Management
In this lesson you will discover that all organizations – public or private, large,
medium-size, or small profit or non-profit-need good managers in order to accomplish
their goals; that organizational management is, definitely, not an easy task, and that
coordination, efficiency and effectiveness are required to carry it out

Organization management consists of everything the managers or superiors do to

ensure the smooth running of the firm, which also entails creating an enabling
environment for the employees to be more efficient in the discharge of their duties.
(managementstudyhq.com/organization-management-meaning-need-and-its-
features.html)

What’s In

Before we start our lessons let us define and condition our mind by defining what is
organization and management in your own words. Write the answer on your notebook.

Organization:

Management:

What’s New

Let’s familiarized, think and analyse different words that are connected with the
lesson.

Activity 1: Arrange the jumble word in the box. Write the answer on your notebook.

1. Setting Goal
GNNINLAP

________________
 2. Monitor Performance
NGLLICOTRON

___________________

3. Assign and Coordinate

ZINGORNIAG

_________________

4. Guide and Direct

GNIDALE

________________

5. Different Job Position

FIGNFATS

________________

Activity 2: What’s New(Activity): Crossword Puzzle (Theories)

What is It

Let’s start the lesson with brief discussion and discover and learner new thoughts and
expertise.

1. Did you enjoy the activity? What is organization and Management? Explain
your answer from the jumble word and elaborate it.
2. What are the different theories of management?
Mini Discussion

Let’ begin with the lesson and learn new things.

What is Organization and Management?

Organization may be defined to mean either a group of individuals and factors and
their relationships or to the process itself.

Management is the activity or process which coordinates, directs and controls the
activities of all other parts.

Organization, for instance, is considered as the relationships of the structural

elements in business, including the individuals to carry on the work to accomplish the
desired purpose; and Management as the planning, directing, controlling and
coordinating of those elements.

Who is Management?: as a person Traditionally, management means one individual

or a small group of key people who make the significant decisions and keep the policy
making power and function as an absolute power over the organization. In a sole
proprietorship, it would be the owner. In a big company, it would be the directors or
key executives.

What is a Good Management?: A management is considered good when competent

men are placed as head of the departments, when this men are responsible for and are
in control of all activities and when they work as a team under the leadership of a
strong executive.

Explanation of jumble words

Management Functions include the following:

Planning. Involves determining the organizations’ goal or performance objectives,

defining strategic actions that must be done to accomplish them, and developing
coordination and integration activities.

Organizing. Demands assigning tasks, setting aside funds, and bringing harmonious
relations among the individuals and work groups or teams in the organization.

Staffing. Indicate filling in the different job positions in the organizations’ structure;
the factors the influence this function include: size of the organization, types of jobs,
number of individuals to be recruited, and some internal and external pressures.

Leading. Entails influencing or motivating subordinates to do their best so that they

would be able to help the organizations’ endeavor to attain their set goals.

Controlling. Involves evaluating and, if necessary, correcting the performance of the

individuals or work groups or teams to ensure that they are all working toward the
previously set goals and plans of the organization.
What are Management Theories and Concepts at the Workplace?

Management theories are implemented to help increase organizational productivity

and service quality. Not many use a singular theory or concept when implementing
strategies in the workplace: They commonly use a combination of a number of
theories, depending on the workplace, purpose and workforce. Contingency Theory,
Chaos theory and system theory are popular management theories. Theory X and Y,
which addresses management strategies for workforce motivation, is also implemented
to help increase worker productivity.

Contingency Theory

This theory asserts that managers make decisions based on the situation at
hand rather than a “one size fits all” method. A manager takes appropriate action
based on aspects most important to the current situation. Managers in a university
may want to utilize a leadership approach that includes participation from workers,
while a leader in the army may want to use an autocratic approach.

Systems Theory

Managers who understand system theory recognize hoe different systems affect
a worker and hoe a worker affects the systems around them. A system is made up of a
variety of parts that work together to achieve a goal. Systems theory is a broad
perspective that allows managers to examine patterns and events in the workplace.
This helps managers to coordinate programs to work as a collective whole for the
overall goal or mission of the organization rather than for isolated departments.

Chaos Theory

Change is constant. Although certain events and circumstances in an

organization can be controlled, others can’t. Chaos theory recognizes that change is
inevitable and rarely controlled. While organizations grow, complexity and the
possibility for susceptible events increase. Organizations increase energy to maintain
the new level of complexity, and as organization spend more energy, more structure is
needed for stability. The system continues to evolve and change.

Theory X and Theory Y

The management theory an individual chooses to utilize is strongly influenced

by beliefs about worker attitudes. Managers who believe workers naturally lack
ambition and need incentives to increase productivity lean toward the Theory X
management style. Theory Y believes that workers are naturally driven and take
responsibility. While managers who believe in Theory X values often use an
authoritarian style of leadership, Theory Y leaders encourage participation from
workers.

For additional information and knowledge watch the Four Functions of Management
Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling Video Lesson and Exaple Yo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KBfp4pzBIm8

What’s More

Let’s answer the simple question below to find out if you understand and learned
skills of the topic.
 A. Identify the correct answer to the following statement: Write the correct answer
on your notebook.
______________1. It is considered good when competent men are placed as head of the
departments, when this men are responsible for and are in control of all activities and
when they work as a team under the leadership of a strong executive.
______________2. Entails influencing or motivating subordinates to do their best so that
they would be able to help the organizations’ endeavor to attain their set goals.
______________3. Involves evaluating and, if necessary, correcting the performance of
the individuals or work groups or teams to ensure that they are all working toward the
previously set goals and plans of the organization.
______________4.Demands assigning tasks, setting aside funds, and bringing
harmonious relations among the individuals and work groups or teams in the
organization.
______________5. Indicate filling in the different job positions in the organizations’
structure; the factors the influence this function include: size of the organization,
types of jobs, number of individuals to be recruited, and some internal and external
pressures.

B. Matching Type : Write the letter of the correct answer on your notebook. Choose
from the letter below.
________1. Values often use an authoritarian style of leadership.
________2. Are implemented to help increase organizational productivity and service
quality.
________3. Change is constant. _______ recognizes that change is inevitable and is
rarely controlled.
________4. This theory asserts that managers make decisions based on the situation at
hand rather than a “ one size fits all” methods.
________5. This helps managers to coordinate programs to work as a collective whole
for the overall goal or mission of the organization rather than for isolated
departments.

A. Chaos Theory
B. Management theories
C. System Theory
D. Theory X
E. Contingency Theory

Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key

What I Have Learned

Let’s find out. What you have learned? Choose the correct answer on the box below
and write the answer on your notebook.
1. ________________ as the relationships of the structural elements in business,
including the individuals to carry on the work to accomplish the desired
purpose
2. ________________ is the activity or process which coordinates, directs and
controls the activities of all other parts.
3. ________________ is involves determining the organizations’ goal or performance
objectives.
4. ________________ is demands assigning tasks, setting aside funds, and bringing
harmonious relations among the individuals and work groups or teams in the
organization.
 5. ________________ is filling in the different job positions in the organizations’
structure.
6. ________________ entails influencing or motivating subordinates to do their best
to attain their set goals.
7. ________________ involves evaluating and, if necessary, correcting the
performance of the individuals or work groups or teams.
8. ________________ are implemented to help increase organizational productivity
and service quality.
9. ________________ asserts that managers make decisions based on the situation
at hand rather than a “one size fits all” method.
10. ________________ the managers who understand system theory recognize hoe
different systems affect a worker and hoe a worker affects the systems around
them.
11. Chaos Theory change is constant. Although certain events and circumstances
in an organization can be controlled, others can’t.
12. _____________ management style. _______________ believes that workers are
naturally driven and take responsibility. While managers who believe in Theory
X values often use an authoritarian style of leadership, Theory Y leaders
encourage participation from workers.

organization planning organizing theory x

theory y staffing leading controlling management theories
contingency theory system theory chaos theory management

Well, this is almost the end of the module! Congratulations for having gone this far.
You have been a very hardworking and patient learner. Did you like the module? Did
you learn something useful from it?

What I Can Do

Perform the simple investigation, observation and analysis in business and after
that the investigation, observation and analysis, what is your conclusion? Write
your answer on your notebook.

A. Search from the internet. Investigate and observe in any business

establishment like groceries, fast food chain and sari sari’s store in your place.
Are the people in organization trained well and handled well? Are the
organizations following the four function of management?
 B. If you are a business man. In terms of calamities, What are your future plans
and strategies to your business to become sustainable and stable? What are the
theories you will used?

Plan A Plan B Plan C

Assessment

You will find out how much you learned from the module by taking this test.

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on your
notebook.

1. Which of the following statement are the meaning of management EXCEPT?

a. “The art and science of organizing, preparing and directing human efforts
applied to control the forces and to utilize the materials of nature for the
benefits of man.”
b. The development of people and not the direction of things.
c. The scientific utilization of men, money and materials to accomplish a
desired purpose.
d. It is considered as the relationships of the structural elements in business,
including the individuals to carry on the work to accomplish the desired
purpose.
2. Which of the following statement best describe the Organizing?
a. Demands assigning tasks, setting aside funds, and bringing harmonious
relations among the individuals and work groups or teams in the
organization.
b. Entails influencing or motivating subordinates to do their best so that they
would be able to help the organizations’ endeavor to attain their set goals.
c. Indicate filling in the different job positions in the organizations’ structure.
d. Involves evaluating and, if necessary, correcting the performance of the
individuals or work groups or teams to ensure that they are all working
toward the previously set goals and plans of the organization.
3. Indicate filling in the different job positions in the organizations’ structure; the
factors the influence this function includes: size of the organization, types of
 jobs, number of individuals to be recruited, and some internal and external
pressures.
a. Planning
b. Controlling
c. Staffing
d. Leading
4. Mrs. Chua an educator is design the mission and vision of the company she
want to put up and also set goals, objective, rules and strategic action. What
function of management she used?
a. Planning
b. Controlling
c. Staffing
d. Leading
5. It is defined to mean either a group of individuals and factors and their
relationships or to the process itself.
a. Management
b. Organization
c. Staffing
d. Leading
6. This theory asserts that managers make decisions based on the situation
at hand rather than a “one size fits all” method.
a. Contingency Theory
b. Theory X and Y
c. Chaos Theory
d. System Theory
7. Mr. Carlo Gabriel plan for the future of his business that in terms of calamities
he has a Plan A, Plan B and Plan C because he believes in the theory that
change is constant. What theory Mr. Gabriel believes?
a. System Theory
b. Chaos Theory
c. Contingency Theory
d. Theory X and Y
8. These are implemented to help increase organizational productivity and service
quality.
a. System Theory
b. Chaos Theory
c. Management theories
d. Contingency Theory
9. Which of the following best describe the System Theory?
a. This theory asserts that managers make decisions based on the situation at
hand rather than a “one size fits all” method.
b. Organizations increase energy to maintain the new level of complexity, and
as organization spend more energy, more structure is needed for stability.
c. It is a broad perspective that allows managers to examine patterns and
events in the workplace.
d. Leaders encourage participation from workers.
10 & 11.While managers who believe in ____________ values often use an
authoritarian style of leadership, ________________leaders encourage
participation from workers.
a. Contingency and System theory
b. System and Chaos Theory
c. Chaos and Contingency Theory
d. Theory X and Theory Y
12.Evelyn Torres a successful businesswoman bringing harmonious relationship
among the individual and work group or team in her organization. What
function of management function of management Evelyn Torres used in her
organization?
a. Organizing
 b. Controlling
c. Staffing
d. Leading
13.Which of the following best describe Staffing?
a. Demands assigning tasks, setting aside funds, and bringing harmonious
relations among the individuals and work groups or teams in the organization.
b. Indicate filling in the different job positions in the organizations’ structure;
the factors the influence this function include: size of the organization, types of
jobs, number of individuals to be recruited, and some internal and external
pressure.
c. Entails influencing or motivating subordinates to do their best so that they
would be able to help the organizations’ endeavour to attain their set goals.
d. Involves evaluating and, if necessary, correcting the performance of the
individuals or work groups or teams to ensure that they are all working toward
the previously set goals and plans of the organization.
14. Which of the following is NOT Function of Management?
a. Organizing
b. Controlling
c. Staffing
d. Ethics
15. Mr. Nicolas an entrepreneur of big company in Cebu as the help of an
accountant and business expert for the overall goal, mission and vision of the
organization. Also Mr. Nicolas asked the help of all the people in the organization
to achieve the overall goal of the organization. What theory of management Mr.
Nicolas used?
a. System Theory
b. Chaos Theory
c. Management theories
d. Contingency Theory

Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key.

Additional Activities

Let’s do additional activity that enrich and remember your knowledge and skill
of the lesson we learned. You can search on the internet with your own
explanation.

1. What is organization and Management?

2. Explain The 5 function of management.
 3. Explain the different theories of management.

 Management Theories
 Contingency Theory
 System Theory
 Chaos Theory
 Theory X and Y

Congratulations for the job well done. You can now move on to the next module.
Thank you.
Criteria for Activities

Areas of 4 3 2 1
Assessment
Ideas Presents ideas in Presents ideas in Ideas are too Ideas are vague
an original a consistent general or unclear
manner manner
Organization Strong and Organized Some No organization;
organized beg/mid/end organization; lack
beg/mid/end attempt at a beg/mid/end
beg/mid/end
Understanding Writing shows Writing shows a Writing shows Writing shows
strong clear adequate little
understanding understanding understanding understanding
Word Choice Sophisticated use Nouns and verbs Needs more Little or no use
of nouns and make essay nouns and verbs of nouns and
verbs make the informative verbs
essay very
informative
Sentence Sentence Sentence Sentence No sense of
Structure structure structure is structure is sentence
enhances evident; limited; structure or
meaning; flows sentences mostly sentences need flow
throughout the flow to flow
piece
Mechanics Few (if any) errors Few errors Several errors Numerous
errors
 What's New
What I have learned Activity A
1. Planning
1. Organization
2. Controlling
2. Management 3. Organizing
3. Planning 4. Leading
4. Organizing 5. Staffing
5. Staffing
6. Leading Activity B
7. Controlling 1. Contingency
2. Chaos
8. Management
3. Management
Theories 4. System
9. Contingency Theory 5. TheoryX
10. System Theory
11.Chaos Theory
12.Theory X
13.Theory Y
What's More
What I Know Assessment
A.
1. A 1. D
2. B 1. Good Management 2. A
2. Leading
3. C 3. C
3. Controlling
4. D 4. Organizing 4. A
5. B 5. Staffing 5. B
6. C 6. A
7. B B. 7. B
8. D 8. C
9. A 1. D 9. C
2. B 10.D
10.B
3. A 11.D
11.B 4. E 12.A
12.A 5. C 13.B
13.C 14.D
14.A 15.A
15.A
Answer Key
References

H. Gutierrez, Jose M. Pura Jr. And Rolando M. Garcia Business. Organization and
Management

Dr. Maria Victoria P. Tibon. Management

Helena Ma. F. Cabrera, Anthony DC Altarejos and Riaz Benjamin (2016). Organization
and Management

Madison Hawthorne, Demand Media, Management Theories and Concepts at the

Workplace http//smallbusiness.chron.com/management-thoeries-concepts-
workplace-17693.html

https://www.google.si/search?q=notes+to+the+teacher+in+module+sample&tbm
Four Functions of Management Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling Video
Lesson and Exaple Yo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KBfp4pzBIm8

Development Team of the Module

Writer: JONER G. MAGLALANG – MT-I Sta. Maria HS, Macabebe

Editor: JANE P. VALENCIA, EdD – EPS – Mathematics
Reviewer: JANE P. VALENCIA, EdD – EPS – Mathematics
LUCIO B. GOMEZ – MT-I, San Matias High School
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Language Reviewer:

Management Team

ZENIA G. MOSTOLES, EdD, CESO V, Schools Division Superintendent

LEONARDO C. CANLAS, EdD, CESE. Asst. Schools Division Superintendent
ROWENA T. QUIAMBAO, CESE, Asst. Schools Division Superintendent
CELIA R. LACNALALE, PhD, CID Chief
JANE P. VALENCIA, EdD, Education Program Supervisor, Mathematics
JUNE E. CUNANAN, Education Program Supervisor/ Language Editor
RUBY M. JIMENEZ, PhD., Education Program Supervisor, LRMDS