STRUCTURAL THEORY

Introduction

Structural Analysis – is the prediction of the performance of a given

structure under prescribed loads.
Structural Engineering has long been a part of human endeavor, but
Galileo is considered to be the originator of the theory of structures.
The objective of a structural engineer is to design a structure that will
be able to withstand all the loads to which it is subjected while serving its
intended purpose throughout its intended life span.
Structural engineering is the science of planning, designing, and
constructing safe, economical structures. Structural analysis is an integral
part of this process.
Civil Engineer - is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design,
construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including
works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings.
 Named after the
engineer Gustave
Eiffel, whose company
designed and built the
tower.

Eiffel Tower
 Engineer Joke
"Architects and engineers are among the most
fortunate of men
since they build their own monuments
with public consent,
public approval,
and often public money. "
- John Prebble
 6 Specialty Divisions of Civil Engineering

Structural engineering - is a field of engineering dealing with

the analysis and design of structures that support or resist loads.
6 Specialty Divisions of Civil Engineering

Geotechnical engineering is the branch of civil engineering

concerned with the engineering behavior of earth materials.
 6 Specialty Divisions of Civil Engineering

Transportation engineering is the application of technology and scientific principles to the

planning, functional design, operation and management of facilities for any mode of
transportation in order to provide for the safe, efficient, rapid, comfortable, convenient,
economical, and environmentally compatible movement of people and goods (transport).
 6 Specialty Divisions of Civil Engineering

Water engineering as a sub-discipline of civil engineering is concerned

with the flow and conveyance of fluids, principally water and sewage.
 6 Specialty Divisions of Civil Engineering

Project management and Construction engineering is a professional

discipline that deals with the designing, planning, construction,
and management of infrastructures such
as highways, bridges, airports, railroads, buildings, dams, and utilities.
 6 Specialty Divisions of Civil Engineering

Environmental and Energy engineering is the integration

of science and engineering principles to improve the natural environment
(air, water, and/or land resources), to provide healthy water, air, and land
for human habitation (house or home) and for other organisms, and to
remediate pollution sites.
 Pre-stressed
Reinforced Steel design concrete design
concrete design Timber design

Structural theory
 Role of Structural Analysis in Structural
Engineering Projects
Involves establishment of the functional requirements Planning phase

Sizes of the various members of the structural system selected

in the planning phase are estimated based on approximate Preliminary structural design
analysis, past experience, & code requirements.

Involves determination of all loads that can be expected to

act on the structure. Estimation of loads

Values of the loads are used to carry out an analysis of the

structure in order to determine the stresses or stress resultants
in the members & the deflections at various points of the Structural analysis
structure,.

Results of the analysis are used to determine whether or not

the structures satisfies the safety & serviceability requirements Are the safety and Revised
of the design codes. serviceability no structural
requirements satisfied? design

yes

Construction phase