Why Project management is so important

Imagine a scenario where all activities were dealt with on the fly. No plans, no association,
none of that. We simply concise the group on what should be done and they hop straight in.
Like heating a cake. You wouldn't draw up an activity intended to prepare one, no?

Lamentably, most ventures are intricate and diverse, requiring cautious arranging, putting
together, and observing.

Simply by having an organized methodology, supporting cycles, and plainly characterized

obligations, directors can convey heavenly outcomes while remaining inside the task's
requirements. Be that as it may, regardless of worldwide acknowledgment and the
conspicuous advantages and benefits of venture the board, the field remains undervalued.

What is the Traditional Vs Agile Methodology

1. What is Traditional Methodology?

Traditional project management (waterfall methodology) is a written method in which the

processes take place in a predictable sequence. In this way, the project operates from a pre-
designed stage and assumes that requirements remain unchanged when the project budget and
schedule are changed. This approach is more suitable for projects where the likelihood of
scale change is minimal.

The project manager's office bears all responsibility for the project and reports on the results.
Despite the project planning process, even clients do not comment during the project
implementation phase. Similarly, in the event of a problem, team members should report the
matter to their manager, who has the final say.

Because traditional project management in the development phase relies on proper planning
and analysis, the resulting development process has been completely simplified. This allows
the project manager to focus on different tasks, as the project team works without a minimum
of guidance if an issue does not arise.

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Project managers use the techniques and tools developed by the Institute of Project
Management (PMI), a global body of project management professionals that develops
standards and frameworks.

Benefits of Traditional methodology

Benefits Info

Clear direction This allows them to work efficiently and

with minimum supervision.

High level of Control This prevents deviations from the original

project scope.

Single point of Accountability Instead of contacting several people,

Stakeholders always know who to approach
during the project to get all the necessary
updates.

Clear Documentation The documents not only standardize the

whole process but also can be used for
guidance during other projects in the future.

Weaknesses of Traditional methodology

Weaknesses Description

Too slow It is going to be a slow development if your

client isn’t clear about the requirements.

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 Since the changes are difficult in the
sequential methodology of traditional
project management. The changes can break
the sequence and the next development step
will be trodden upon until the previous step
isn’t completed.

No Customer focal point
There isn’t much space for the customer’s
opinion in every development process. The
clients are not involved or being open to the
entire development process until the product
is ready. If it is not according to a client’s
requirements then it’s going to be a time-
wasting phenomenon.

Sick and poor time management The time mismanagement issue can arise in
traditional methodology due to a lack of
mutual teamwork, unity, and mutual
development

Lack of intuitiveness There isn’t much space for new ideas to

employ in Traditional Methodology. The
sequential method doesn’t have room for
continuous evolution. You cannot do much
but just follow the sequence.

The absence of the central authority Individual subcontractors are controlling the
ropes of development. There isn’t any
singular dynamic teamwork and leadership
as a central authority.

2. Agile Methodology with examples

So you're a project manager, maybe you've been doing it for years, or maybe you woke up
one day and realize that you've somehow fallen into the project manager role without even
intending to. By now, you've probably come across one of project managers’ favorite
buzzwords, agile. It's a term that's thrown around all the time in the world of project
management. Regardless of how many years you've been at the job, you may still be
wondering, What on earth is agile project management? And that's exactly what I'm going to
explain when people talk about an agile project management methodology. But they're

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usually describing is a flexible iterative design and build process. Okay, that's great. So what
does that mean? agile projects are characterized by a series of tasks that are conceived,
executed, and as a situation demands rather than a pre-planned process.
being agile helps teams respond to unpredictability, through
incremental, iterative work processes. Let's take a look at an example. A chef wants to make
the world's best agile burger. They know the only way of making that burger is to get insights
from customers on what that burger should be. The requirements are pretty flexible, and the
chef wants to use short feedback loops with customers to quickly iterate on the burger and
make it awesome. So the chef and their team collaborate to make the first burger. This is the
first product iteration. The chef has delivered some value but needs feedback so they can
iterate on the product and deliver more value next time. So as a way of testing and learning,
the chef shares it with a customer and the customer gives it a five out of 10 they get the
feedback that the butcher is okay, but adding bacon would make it better. So the chef works
with the team to make another burger and bacon. This is the second iteration of the product.
This customer gives it a six out of 10. So the chef is delivering more value than the last time,
but they need to keep iterating so they can get to the world's best burger. The chef continues
to create iterations of the burger testing with customers learning from them how to improve
the product, and then iterating on the recipe to progressively add more value. Over more
iterations, cheese, mushrooms, and pickles are added to iterate on the burger and customer
satisfaction goes up as the burger becomes the world's best agile burger. Through an iterative
process, the product increases in value as it becomes more aligned to what customers want.
an agile project management process is very much like the chef, it requires project teams to
cycle through a process of planning, executing, and evaluating as they go along.
Other project management methods usually assumed that factors
influencing the project are predictable. They mean that the majority of the planning happens
before the projects begin. Agile, however, emphasizes adaptability to changing situations, as
well as adequate and ongoing communication among the project team and between them and
the client. Because of the agile, iterative nature, it reduces risk and allows for a better end
product. If unexpected events occur. The project will have intervals with designated goals and
tasks. And once that period comes to an end, the team will meet, evaluate and reassess what
needs to happen to move the project forward to success. agile methodologies are great to use
in dynamic environments, where there's potential for changing or evolving requirements,
such as software and game development. So to wrap things up, an agile project is flexible and
doesn't require all the planning to occur at the beginning of the project. The product solution

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evolves throughout the lifecycle of the project as the team reviews and realigns as necessary,
making agile projects more likely to succeed.

Benefits of Agile Methodology.

Benefit Information

Enhanced Flexibility gile is ‘hands down’ more flexible. Since the

entire project is divided into smaller sprints,
introducing changes midway gets extremely
easy.

Transparency In this approach, the whole team decides the

plan together and shares the ownership of
the project which improves project
transparency. Similarly, customers are also
involved throughout the project and their
feedback is taken into account for an
acceptable final product.

Effective Collaboration in the case of Scrum project management,

the most popular Agile methodology, teams
have daily ‘stand-up’ meetings and sprint
planning where the team discusses their
progress, problems, and plans for the day.

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Efficient Problem Solving Team members also have the autonomy to
make trivial changes without getting
approval from the project manager which
saves a lot of time and stimulates progress.

Reduced Complexities In the case of the traditional approach,

sudden changes or problems sometimes take
the team back to ‘square one’.This results in
the wastage of both time and money.

Weaknesses of Agile methodology

Weaknesses Description

Workflow coordination problems Agile projects involve several small teams

working on their software pieces. They
should always coordinate their work with
each other, testers, and management. Add to
that constant interaction with the customer,
and you will get a ton of communication
management to consider before starting the
project.

Difficult to planing Planning in Agile development is essential

before the process is started. It is important
to assess your resources, build up teams,
and communicate an overall vision of the
project to them before it is kicked off.

Professional teams are vital Agile projects require teams to make

serious decisions constantly. It means that
only experienced software developers,
testers, and managers should be working on
the project.

Not supportive for Long term planning A lack of final vision of the project may be
disorganizing in some cases. Your project
may end up off track if the customer

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 changes his mind too often during the
process.

What is the better methodology,

The flexibility of the structure is more in line with the ever-changing demands of today's
industrial environment. However, in some cases, the traditional approach may be the best
option.
Consider factors such as the nature of your project, current organizational processes, budget,
and project duration. Many project management tools can implement any of the above
methodologies. By choosing the right framework even before you start your projects, you are
setting yourself up for success from the start.

activity 2
What is the feasibility study means?
An analysis and evaluation of a proposed project to determine if –

1. it is technically feasible,
2. it is feasible within the estimated cost, and
3. it will be profitable.

Feasibility studies are almost always conducted where large sums are at stake. Also called
feasibility analysis.

Importance of feasibility study.

A plausibility study is led to decide the achievement and limit the dangers identified with the
task. At the point when it turns into sure that the particular venture could be completed
productively, it is really at that time it very well may be carried out. The practicality study
isn't simply an undertaking research, however a system or an arrangement on the best way to
build up and run a business effectively over the long haul. A plausibility study contains five
fundamental segments, including statistical surveying, monetary examination, board research,

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plan assurance, and specialized exploration.

1. marketing study: Promoting research is directed to assess whether the task is

appropriate for the flow and future authoritative culture. In this interaction, the
specialists will glance in discovering information on generally sway on business
structure, representatives an association. Deal projection is likewise one of the
essential pieces of statistical surveying. The fundamental goal of promoting research
is to recognize the objective buyers, know the interest of the customers, comprehend
the market qualities and assess the components that give an incredible effect on the
purchasing choices.

2. Financial investigation: Monetary arranging is vital to deal with the various tasks of
the association inside as far as possible. In monetary exploration, the analysts cover
the appraisal of complete capital necessities, deals, and costs, equal the initial
investment yields, the measure of deals needed to accomplish benefit in the business.
It assists business visionaries with finding out how much cash is needed for taking
care of a business project effectively.

3. Management study: The executive’s research is led to decide the general assets
needed for the fruitful fulfillment of the task. A few activities, such as assembling will
require more actual asset while some IT project requires loads of HR.

Steps of feasibility Analysis

Feasibility investigation is done in after advances:

● Structure a Venture Group and Select a Task Chief: Above all else project the
executives gathering of the association structures separate groups for free
undertakings. Each undertaking group contains at least one frameworks investigator
and software engineers with a task chief. The undertaking chief is liable for arranging
and dealing with the improvement exercises of the framework.

● Start Fundamental Examination: The frameworks expert of each venture group begins
starter examinations through various actuality discovering methods.

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 ● Set up the Current Frameworks Flowchart: After starter examinations, the experts set
up the framework flowchart of the current framework. These diagrams depict the
overall working of the framework in a graphical manner.

● Depict the Insufficiencies in the Current Framework: On contemplating the

framework’s flowcharts, the experts distinguish and portray the lacks in the current
framework.

● Decide Objectives of the Proposed Framework: The significant objectives of the

proposed frameworks are recorded by every examiner and are talked about with the
venture chief.

● Set up the Proposed Frameworks Flowchart: In the wake of deciding the significant
objectives of the proposed framework, the examiners set up their frameworks
flowcharts. Frameworks flowcharts of the proposed framework are contrasted and
those of the current framework to guarantee that they meet the objectives.

● Decide the Specialized Feasibility: The current PC frameworks (equipment and

programming) of the concerned division are recognized and their specialized
specifications are noted down. The examiners choose whether the current frameworks
are adequate for the specialized necessities of the proposed framework or not.

● Decide the Monetary Feasibility: The experts decide the expenses and benefits of the
proposed framework to guarantee that the venture is financially doable.

● Decide the Operational Feasibility: Subsequent to deciding the financial feasibility,

the investigators recognize the dependable clients of the framework and henceforth
decide the operational feasibility of the undertaking.

● Show of Feasibility Examination: During the feasibility study, the experts additionally
continue setting up the feasibility study report. Toward the finish of the feasibility
investigation, the feasibility examination report is given to the administration
alongside the oral show.

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Feasibility test for to given scenario,

According to our scenario, these are the feasibility test we created,

What are the basic Feasibility criteria,

1. Technical
2. Operational
3. Economic
4. Schedule
5. Cultural
6. leagal

1. Technological criteria.

Technological criteria provide the most appropriate technical solution to the discovered
problem. That is the technical interface of their current run system should modify to a new
system.

According to the IT manager’s idea, they don’t have an online registration system. Because of
that reason they requested an online system that their official system of the E-Solution Privet
limited

2. Economic Criteria.

Economic is deciding the cost of the entire product. While developing the project cost
is not an exact amount.
Because sometimes projects can not finish on time, the first beginning we have
chosen one of the stage life cycle models to develop the project.
There are Important things include with these economic criteria.
● An estimated cost of the product can fulfill user requirements.
● The estimated cost is enough to finish the project.

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 ● Can do the project without any other additional charges.

02. Schedule criteria.

This criteria model is parallel goes with the scheduled time. Ability client and
software development company make the agreement. After how many time periods
client will get the product.
After how many times periods client will get the product.
Client satisfaction is more need in this stage.

3. Operational Criteria.

This will check how the designed product performs in the real operational
environment.
● How does the staff will feel about the new system?
● Is the problem worth it or not?
● Do they continue to the proposed system?
● The proposed solution may perform in good in the real
environment or not?

05. Legal Criteria.

Most of the time criteria model depends on the government. It will check what kinds
of functions are available in the system, are there any functionalities that not suitable
and the product is in observance of the rules and regulations of the government or not.
In the end, this E-Solution Privet limited should be registered under the government.
Then no one can create the same system their name.

06. Cultural Criteria.

People will talk about the system when it operates in a real environment. Then what
will happen? Everyone will talk about this system and they also motivate to apply this
to their operation also. According to this system, the client is one of the most
important parts of their society.

Project benefits

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  The new system also reduces operational
 Provides better security levels
 Barak down of report and system analysis part become simple and easy
 Reduce paper usage
 An automated system helps the management level to make better decisions.
 This system gives more accurate and relevant data

Proper data handling of student details, course details, and other details with ease
of entering
adding, editing, deleting retrieve and analyzing data at minimum cost and time.

Recommendation

 The staff should be well trained for this new operating system.
 This organization has to be purchase need technology.
 The network connection should be set up and render to the service provider.
 Hire of training the staff and developing the software.
 This organization has to automate the system in “B”.

Cost and Other feasibility results

Time Frame of the Given Project

Activity System A System B Syatem C

Requirements 2 Month 3 Month 3 Month

Dining the System 3 Month 3 Month 3 Month

Implementation 4 Month 4 Month 4 Month

Testing 3 Month 3 Month 4 Month

Development 3 Month 3 Month 2 Month

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Maintenance 3 Month 2 Month 2 Month

Total Time Cal 18 Month 18Month 18 Month

Feasibility schedule of the Project

Feasibility Wt System A System B System C

Criteria 30% 14 months 18 months 20 Months
Schedule score – 90 score-80 score- 85

Technical 20% Score-70 Score -90 Score – 80

Operational 10% Only support Full support System
member user
requirement requirement Ais
score -80 -100
the differ
little score 68
Economic (cost 10% 4,180 5,070 5,860
to develop)
Human factor 20% Not user Satisfy Not feasible
friendly requirement
Score 54 and user
friendly
Political / legal 20% As the per This ISO Less Stranded
system C stranded

Ranking 100% 71% 93% 65%

Cost Calculation System Stage 1/A

Item Cost (per unite)LKR Number of Units Total cost

PC 400 3 1200

Server 150 4 600

Networking 150 4 600

Printer 50 6 300
Software 200 4 800
UPS 50 20 1000

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 Backup drive 60 3 150
Development 210 4 840
Other 250 2 500
Total 30 3170

Cost Calculation System Stage 2/B

Item Cost (per unite)LKR Number of Units Total cost

PC 300 10 3,000
Server 400 1 400
Networking 100 - 100

Printer 70 2 140
Software 200 1 200
UPS 50 10 500
Backup Drive 85 2 170
Development 240 - 240
Other 270 - 270
Tot 1,765 26 5,070

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Cost Calculation System Stage 3/C

Item Cost (per unite)LKR Number of Units Total cost

PC 400 8 3,200

Server 500 1 500

Networking 150 - 150

Printer 70 3 210

Software 250 1 250

UPS 100 8 800

Backup drive 85 2 170

Development 275 - - 275

Other 295 - - 295
Total 2,125 27 5,850

Activity 3

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