Saplaco, Nathan Angelo V.

BC CRIMINOLOGY 2A
PBSCRIM 002

GENERAL CHEMISTRY (ORGANIC)

EXPERIMENT no. 1

PROPERTIES THAT DISTINGUISH ORGANIC FROM INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Activity no. 1: Identify the properties of Organic compounds and Inorganic

compounds based on the following criteria listed below. Note: Identify those
applicable only.

Organic Flamm Meltin Boilin Solub Solubility Type of Reactio Atoms Structure Electr
able g point g ility in non- bondin n per olyte
point in polar g occurs molec
water between ules

Glucose Flamm 294.8˚ 527.1 Misci Insoluble Covale Atom 1 C Non

able F ±50.0 ble nt bond molec electr
(146˚C °C at ule of olyte
H C O OH
) 760 glucos
mmH e
g contai C H C
ns 6
atoms
of C, OH H
12
atoms
of H, HO C C H
and 6
atoms
of O H OH

H H H H
Butane Flamm -138 ° -1 °C 61 Soluble Covale Butan Non
able C mg/L- nt bond Molecul e is a electr
Misci e straigh H C C C C H olyte
ble t chain
alkane
compo H H H H

sed
 of 4
carbon
atoms.
Wood alcohol Flamm -97.6 ° 64.7 ° Misci Soluble Covale Molecul there H Non
able C C ble nt bond e are 4 electr
(Hydro atoms olyte
gen of H C OH
bond) hydro
gen, 1
atom H
of
oxyge
n, and
1
atom
of
carbon
.

Acetic acid Flamm 16.6 °C 118 ° Misci Soluble Covale Atom has 2 H O Weak
able C ble nt bond carbon electr
(Hydro ,4 olyte
gen hydro H C C
bond) gen,
and 2
oxyge H OH
n
atoms 
per
molec
ule
Propanone Flamm -95 °C 56 °C Misci Insoluble  Perma Atom numbe H O H Stron
able ble nent r of g
dipole– atom Electr
H C C C H
perman in olyte
ent ch3co
dipole ch3 is H H
bonds 3
atom
of c
6
atom
of H
 1
atom
of o
total
atoms
= 10
Baking soda Not 3000 851 Misci Insoluble Ionic NaHC O OH Weak
Flamm °C °C ble bond Molecul O3 = electr
C
able e No. of olyte
atoms
are 1
sodiu O
m+1
Hydro
gen +
1
carbon
+3
oxyge
n = 6
atoms 
per
molec
ule
O OH
Cream of tartar Non- 267°C  188.1 Misci Soluble Dipole Atom There Stron
flamma (dec.) 7 °C ble bond are 4 g
ble 1.954 carbon HO O electr
g/mL atoms, olyte
at 25 5
°C(lit.) hydro OH O

gen
atoms,
6
oxyge
n
atoms,
and 1
potass
ium
atom.
Freon Non- -157.7  -29.8  Misci Soluble has 1 Cl Non
flamma °C °C ble Molecul carbon electr
ble e atom, olyte
3 F C F
chlori
ne
atoms, Cl
and 1
fluorin
 e atom
per
molec
ule.
Ascorbate Flamm 190 °C 553 ° Misci Soluble Covale Atom It has
able C ble nt Bond 6
Carbo
n HO
Electr
Atoms H olyte
. 6 HO O
Oxyge
O
n
Atoms
.8
Hydro
HO OH
gen
Atoms
.
O O
Oxalic acid Flamm 189 to 148- Misci Soluble Covale Atom It has an
able 191 °C 160°C ble- nt 6 anodi
. 90- bond- oxyge H O C C O H zing
100 (Hydro n electr
g/L gen atoms olyte
(20 bond)
°C)
Inorganic
Water Flamm 0 °C 100 ° Misci Insoluble Covale It has O Weak
able C ble nt Molecul two Electr
(Hydro e hydro olyte
gen gen H H
bonds) (H)
atoms
and
one
oxyge
n (O)
atom.
Hydrogen Non -0.43 ° 150.2  Misci Soluble Covale There H Weak
peroxide Flamm C °C ble nt bond Molecul are tw electr
O
able e oH olyte
atoms O
and
two O H
atoms 
in
each
molec
 ule.
Carbon dioxide Non 216.5K -78.46  Misci Soluble Covale Atom one Electr
Flamm °C ble nt carbon olyte
O C O
able bonds atom
joined
to two
oxyge
n
atoms.
Sodium Non 318 °C 1,388  Misci Insoluble Ionic 3 O Electr
hydroxide flamma °C ble bond Molecul atoms olyte
ble e
Na H

Permanganic Flamm 118 °C Misci Insoluble Covale Atom contai OH Stron

acid able ble nt bond ns 2 g
(Hydro hydro electr
gen gen O Mn O olyte
bonds) atoms,
1
sulfur O
atom,
and 4
oxyge
n
atoms.
Bleach (Liquid) Non 18 °C 111 ° Misci Insoluble Ionic one Na Cl Weak
Flamm C ble Bond Molecul sodiu electr
able 29.3 e m olyte
g/100 atom, O
mL one
chlori
ne
atom,
and
one
oxyge
n
atom
Muriatic acid Flamm Immis Insoluble Covale One Good
able −26 °C 110 °C cible nt bond Molecul hydro electr
H Cl
(247 K)  (383 K), e gen olyte
38%  20.2% atom
solution. solution; and
48 °C one
(321 K), Chlori
38% ne
solution.
atom
carbonate Non 825°C 333.6 Immis Insoluble Covale contai O Stron
Flamm ±25.0 cible nt bond  Molecul ns one g
able °C at e atom electr
760 of C olyte
mm/H calciu
g m, one
atom Ca O O
of
carbon
,
and th
ree
atoms
of
oxyge
n.
Potassium Flamm 63.5 °C 758.8  Misci Soluble Covale There both
able °C ble nt bond Molecul are 6.0 an
e 22 × electr
1023 at olyte
oms o and a
f K miner
potass al
ium in
every
mole
of
potass
ium.
Since
one
mole
of
KOH
contai
ns one
mole
of K,
the
answe
r is
6.022
×1023 
atoms
of K.
Lime Flamm 2,572 ° 2,850  Misci Soluble Covale one H H Electr
able C °C ble nt bond Molecul Calciu olytes
e m
atom O O
 and 1
oxyge
Ca
n
atom.

Activity no. 2: Based on the following compounds in listed in activity no 1. Identify

the properties of organic compare to inorganic compound in terms of

ORGANIC INORGANIC
1. Flammable Yes No
2. Melting Point Low High
3. Boiling Point Low High
4. Solubility in water Insoluble Soluble
5. Solubility in non- Yes No
polar liquids
6. Type of bonding Covalent Ionic
7. Reaction occur Molecules Ions
between
8. Atoms per molecule Many Few
9. Structure Complex Simple
10. Electrolyte No Yes

Activity no.3: Based on the following compounds in listed in activity no 1. Identify

the properties of organic compare to inorganic compound in terms

Name of Test
Ignition Tests Test Compound Result
a. Flammability Methyl alcohol Flammable
Water Non Flammable
b. Charring Sucrose Positive
C12H22O11 + O2 + heat → CO2↑ + 11H2O↑ + 11C↓
Salt Negative
Baking soda Negative
 Name of Test Test Compound Observation Type of
Bond
Solubility Naphthalene in Immiscible Covalent bond
Tests water
Naphthalene in Soluble Covalent
ether bond
Urea in water Partially Hydrogen
miscible bonding
Urea in ether Soluble Covalent
bond
Sodium chloride in Soluble Ionic bond
water
Sodium chloride in Insoluble Ionic bond
ether

Name of Test Test Compound Observation

Electrical 1M sucrose Non-electrolyte
Conductivity
1M sodium Electrolyte
chloride
95% ethyl Non-Electrolyte
alcohol
n-hexane Non-Electrolyte

Activity 4: Draw your Conclusion the properties that distinguish organic to

inorganic compounds?

Organic compounds have low melting points and boiling points, they have complex
atomic structures and are flammable. Most organic compounds are non-electrolytes.
Reactions occurring in chemical reaction is slow compare to inorganic compounds.