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2018 Tooling by Design - A Single Punch and Shave Tool | MetalForming Magazine

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A SINGLE PUNCH AND SHAVE TOOL

By: Peter Ulintz

There are 2 comments | Post a comment

Friday, March 18, 2011

Question: A couple of months ago you wrote a column about shaving (A Close Shave, July 2010). The information in
your column related primarily to two-step shaving operations; punching a hole first and then shaving it in a second
progressive die station or die operation.

One of our customers wants to improve the punch-hole condition in one of the stampings that we currently supply but
we do not have room in the die to add an additional shaving station. Are you aware of a reliable method(s) for
punching and shaving in a single press stroke?

Answer: Over the years I have seen some single-stroke punch and shave tools, often referred to as step punches,
that have worked well, and many that have not. The primary problems with step punches have been slivers in the die,
slug-ring ejection and increased tool wear. Satisfactory results usually come only with great effort and much trial and
error. Step punches in high-volume stamping applications also will require an increase in the amount and type of die
maintenance required.

For the most part, each step punch application is its own R&D project and, therefore, developing an empirical formula
or standard designs for general use has proved extremely difficult, if not impossible.

Fig. 1—A dual-head punch.
Many of the problems associated with step punches are due to the elastic behavior
of the sheetmetal being punched. Remember, when punching holes using
conventional punch-to-die clearance (approximately 5 to 8 percent per side) the
punching stress forces the material around hole-edge periphery outward into
compression. When the slug breaks free, the compressive stresses relax and the
punched hole “springs back” (inward) toward the punch point. The opposite occurs
when engineered cutting clearances (approx. 9 to 20 percent per side) are applied. In
this case the punching stress pulls the material around the punch hole-edge
periphery inward in tension and then the hole springs outward (a) from the punch
point when the slug breaks free.

When a punched hole changes size during the punching stroke, it is difficult to accurately recut the hole and maintain
the necessary shave clearances. Worse yet, because the hole often changes shape during the second cutting (or
shaving) step, problems such as chipping, wear, galling and/or adhesion arise in as little as a few hundred hits.

One solution to this problem has been to extend the punch point for the first cut to allow the hole to change shape
before the second cut starts. The problem with this solution is that the punch entry in the die matrix becomes
excessive, especially with thicker materials, resulting in dramatically reduced die life.

One company, M.O.M. Tools, has developed a promising single-stroke dual-cut punch that takes advantage of the
elastic behavior of the punched hole. The company (www.mom-tools.com) refers to this as a dual-head punch.

The key to its design is the patented annular groove (Fig. 1). Unlike most single-stroke punch designs, this is not a
step punch.

Each punch and die matrix is designed for a specific application

and they work together as a system; you cannot simply purchase
a punch. The annular groove is designed to take advantage of the
elastic behavior of the stamping material after the slug breaks
free, and it also acts to facilitate efficient scrap-ring removal.

Again, this punch design should not be confused with a

conventional step punch. There have been instances where the
company designed the first cutting edge on the punch larger than
the second cutting-edge diameter, due to the elastic behavior of
the hole being punched. This is contrary to a typical step punch
design where the first cutting diameter is als smaller than the
second cutting (or shaving) diameter.

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10.12.2018 Tooling by Design - A Single Punch and Shave Tool | MetalForming Magazine
The dual-head punch technology is being tested by several Tier
1 automotive suppliers and by an OEM automaker. The results of
one test, shown in Fig. 2, show some interesting promise.
Personally, I have no experience with this company or their
product—other than being introduced to them recently through
another reader of this column—nor is it my desire or intent to
endorse companies or products in this forum. However, the
engineering principles underlying this particular punch design
makes sense to me and I offer it as a potential solution to your
problem and as a technology that others may want to investigate
further on their own. MF

Fig. 2

See also: M.O.M. Tools, LLC

Related Enterprise Zones: Tool & Die

READER COMMENTS

Posted by: June on 12/19/2015 4:14:16 AM - URL: http://tubo1.com/watch--id-9ZZTDobmgTc.html?similar

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Posted by: Sudipta Maity on 12/10/2012 4:17:25 AM - URL: lntebg.com

How mush die clearence is needed for single-stroke punch and shave tools. which material is
to be used for punch

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