Module 4.

Jose Rizal's Travels

and Life Abroad

Reference: Life and Works of Dr. Jose P. Rizal; A Modular

Approach based on the New CHED Curriculum, M. C. Pangilinan,
M. C. Franco-Igloria, E. A. Pasague, 2018, Mindshapers Co., Inc.
 Objectives:
At the end of Module 4.2, the student should be able to:
༝ Explain the life of Dr. Jose P. Rizal in Ateneo and in University of Santo
Tomas
༝ Differentiate the system of education during Rizal's time and the present
educational system
in the Philippines;
༝ Imitate Rizal's diligence in studying towards excellence & ideals of
nationalism;
༝ Distinguish the inspiration of Rizal & the importance of his writings for a
cause;
༝ Trace the relevance of Dr. Jose P. Rizal's higher education and accomplishments
to his desire
for freedom;
༝ Discuss critically the importance of literary works of Dr. Jose P. Rizal; and
First Travel
 Jose Rizal continue his 4 years of
medical degree at UST - the academic
culture,
freedom he had enjoyed while at Ateneo
was weakened by the racial prejudice
and limitations at the UST.
 Nevertheless, he finish his course for he
wanted to treat the failing eyesight of
his mother.
 His gen. ave. was creditable but he
found the classroom inadeqate for his
academic curiosity that's why he
decided to continue his study to SPAIN.
 Aside from studying abroad, he
intended to observe the life,
industries, government and laws of
the European nations in order to
prepare himself in his obsession to
liberate the Filipino people from
Spanish tyranny.
 The plan of leaving was not
known to his parents only Paciano
the older brother, Saturnina and
Lucia, his uncle Antonio Rivera
and other friends supported him
Travel to Spain
 May 1, 1882 - he began writing farewell
letters to his friends and family
 On board, he get along famously
with the passenger including the
 Using the name Jose Mercado, departure for ship Captain, Donato Lecha which
Spain was mde possible is from Asturias Spain
 His brother, Paciano gave him money and  After 5 days of sailing, the ship
his sister, Saturnina gave him a diamond reached the English Colony
ring. A Jesuit priest gave him letter of Singapore.
recommendation from the Ateneo Authorities He registered at Hotel dela Paz; and
to the Jesuit fathers in Barcelona, Spain. the rest of his days were spent on
 May 3, 1882 - Rizal left on board the visiting historic places, temples,
Spanish steamer ship Salvadora bound for botanical garden, art galleries and
singapore (he was the only Filipino statue of Sir Thomas Stanford
Raffles (Founder of Singapore in
1819)
Colombo, Sri-Lanka (Ceylon)
 May 11, 1882 - From Singapore, he boarder  May 18, 1882 - the ship headed
the Djemnah, A French streamer bound for north and docked at Colombo,
Europe. capital of Ceylon (Sri-Lanka); Rizal
 French was mostly spoken on board and to wrote, “Colombo is more
his surprise, the French he learned at the beautiful, smart and elegant than
Ateneo could not be understood - so he Singapore, Point Galle and
gradually improved his facility of Manila.”
language conversing daily with the
passengers.
 May 17, 1882 - Djemnah made its stoopover
at the Point Galle which is a seacoast town
in Southern Ceylon (now Sri-Lanka). He
note that “the seacost town is a picturesque
but lonely, quiet and at the same time
sad.”
Trip Through Suez Canal
 The Djemnah continued to voyage crossing  From Port Said, the ship traversed
the Indian Ocean to the Cape of the Suez Canal and on June II,
Guardafui - the barren coast of Africa 1882 arrived at Napoli (now
Naples,
which for Rizal was an inhospiatble land but Italy) - Rizal explore the European
fabulous. territory in his sight and was
pleased
 The next stopover was in Aden - the first because of its business
activities, its
time that Rizal stepped in African soil and live people, its panoramic beauty
saw real camels. like Mt. Vesuvius, The Castle of
Saint Telmo, and others.
 From Aden, the streamer arrived at Port
Said (the red sea terminal of the Suez Cana)  The ship proceed to Marseilles and
in the City of Suez, and Rizal was fascinated arrived at the French harbor on
June
by the multi-racial inhabitants speaking “A 12, 1882.
Babel of Tongues” - Arabic, Egyptian,
Greek, French, Italian, Spanish, ect.
Trip Through Suez Canal
 In Merseilles, he visited the famous chateau d 'If  Later, this first impression
changed
where Dantes, the hero of “The Count of Monter and found Barcelona to be really a
Cristo” was imprisoned. great city, the people were
 June 15, 1882 - in the afternoon, Rizal left courageous, open-hearted and
Merseilles by train bound for Barcelona. It crossed hospitable, and most of all
the
Pyrenees and stropped for a day at Port Bou for atmosphere of freedom and
passport inspection. liberalism was felt.
 June 16, 1882 - Rizal finally reached Barcelona,  His former classmates in
Ateneo
the second largest city of Spain and the greatest city welcomed him, and was
given a
of Cataluña. party at the favorite cafe
in Plaza de
Cataluña.
 Rizal's first impresson of the city was not favorable
for he happened stay upod his arrival at a dirty inn
wherein the staff and guests were indifferent to
him.
Trip Through Suez Canal
 While in Barcelona, Rizal wrote a natinalistic essay  Because of the
nationalistic
etitled - Amor Patrio (Love of Country) - which fervor that the essay
brings to
was his first article written in Spain's soil under the the Philippines, Rizal's
friend
penname Laong Laan. encourage him to write
more.
 He sent this to his friend Basilio Teodoro Moran,  In response, he wrote the
publisher of Diariong Tagalog - the first Manila second article for Diarion
newspaper published both Spanish and Tagalog. Tagalog which is Los Viajes
 August 20, 1882 - the Amor Patrio was published in (Travels).
two texts: the tagalog text was translated by  His third artice which is
Marcelo H. Del Pilar. Revista de Madrid (Review
of
 In this essay, Rizal urged the Filipinos to love the Madrid) was returned to
him
Philippines, their fatherland. Thus he wanted them to for Diariong Tagalog had
be free, to be people with dignity and honor accdg. to stopped the publication
due to
God's plan . lack of funds.
In Madrid, Spain
 November 3, 1882 - he left Barcelona with  During his free hours, he
practiced
unwavering determination, prodigious energy and shooting and fencing or he
talent and enrolled at Central University of attended lectures on art
galleries
Madrid (Universidad Central de Madrid) for the and museums and read books on
licentiate in Medicine and Philosophy and all subjects including military
Letters. engineering.
 His study habit is systematic and well-organized  He rigidly budget his money
and
because he wanted to learn so much within a short time.
time.  He lived frugally with
immense
 To enhance his artistic talent, he also took lessons capacity for work.
in painting and sculpture at the Academia de  He was a voracious reader
who
Bellas Artes de San Fernando (Academy of Fine could stay until midnight reading
Arts of San Fernando) fiction and nonfiction
novels.
In Madrid, Spain
 With many books he had read, two books left a  Rizal joined the Hispano-
Philippine
deep impression on him that hieghtened his Circle (Circulo Hispano-
Flipino) - a
sympathy for the oppressed and unfortunate people society of Spaniards and
Filipinos
and these were the following: shortly after his arrival in
Madrid.
 Uncle Tom's Cabin by Hariet Beecher  Upon the request of the
members of the
Stowe society, he wrote a poem
entitled Me
 The Wandering Jew by Eugene Sue Piden Verses (They Ask Me
For
Verses) which he personally
declaimed
 Aside from studies, Rizal had the chance to meet
during the New Year's Eve
reception in
Consuelo Ortiga y Perez - He fell in love with Madrid last December 31,
1882
Consuelo but because of Eduardo de Lete was
courting her, Rizal did not pursue further and made  In this sad poem, he poured
out the cry
a poem for Consuelo. of his agonizing heart and
sadness of
being alone in the foreign
land.
 August 22, 1883 - The poem Miss Consuelo
Ortiga y Rey (Miss C.O.Y.R) was written
In Madrid, Spain  2 reasons why he join:
 Rizal became a mason in Madrid, he came in close
contact with the Spanish liberals and republicans  To secure
freemasonsry's aid in his
who were mostly masons. fight against the
friars in the
Philippines for they
use the Catholic
 He was impressed by the way the Spanish masons
religion as a shield
to entrench
openly and freely criticized and attacked the
themselves in power
and wealth and
government and church which could not be done
persecute the
Filipino Patriots.
in the Philippines for they will be jailed or
executed.  To utilize
freemasonry as his shield to
combat these
problems in the
 He discovered the political possibilities of being a
Philippines and more
mature contacts
mason, so he joined the Masonic lodge called
and enlightenment as
he was writing
Acacia in Madrid with the Masonic name
his Noli Me Tangere
Dimasalang.
In Madrid, Spain
 February 18, 1892 - he had been awarded the  June 25, 1884 - RIzal was invited
to give
diploma as Master Mason; after joining, Rizal the principal speech; it was
attended by
naturally ceased going to mass and wandered far prominent Spanish artist,
newspapermen,
from the faith - continued to have faith in Divine statesmen, and Filipinos which
he saluted
Providence, a testimony to the deep imprint of Luna and Hidalgo as the two
glories of
Catholicism in his soul. Spain and the Philippines.
 While in Madrid, the Filipinos including Rizal  Speaking in sonorous Castilian,
he held
were having financial problems however, his audience spellbound. He
even
inspired by the victory of Juan Luna and cocluded with refined sarcasm
the abuses
Resurrecion Hidalgo. and blindness of some
Spaniards who
 Luna's painting - “Spolarium” won first prize could not comprehend a
university
gold medal genius, ended with a toast and
a wild
ovations
 Hidalgo's painting - “Christian Virgins Exposed
to the Populace” won second prize silver medal.
 Rizal's Education in Spain
 He followed a systematic and well-organized schedule of study
 June 21, 1884 - He completed his medical course and was conferred the degree
of Licentiate in Medicine (Licenciado en Medicina) by the Universidad
Central de Madrid that made him a full-fledged physician, qualified to practice
medicine.
 1884-1885 - He completed his degree of Doctor of Medicine bus not awarded
his diploma for he did not submit the thesis as a requirement for graduation nor
paid corresponding fees; this degree was conferred in 1961 during the centenary
of his birth.
 June 19, 1885 - He was also awarded the degree of Licentiate in Philosophy
and Letters with ratings of Sobresaliente
Rizal

in Paris and Berlin (1885-1887)
In search for relevant education and advance  In his stay, he visited the
studio of Juan
studies, he went to Paris, France and Berlin (now Luna, the home of Pardo de
Tavera and
Germany), to specialize in Opthalmology with Felix Resurrecion Hidalgo -
they had
the sole reason of curing his mother's eye ailment. long hours discussion on the
many
 On his way to Paris, he stopped at Barcelona to problems of arts and learned
techniques
visit his friend, Maximo Viola - a medical student on his own.
who belonged to a rich family in San Miguel,  He helped Luna by posing as
a model in
Bulacan, and Don Miguel Morayta, the owner of several painting like
La Publicidad.
 “The Death of
Cleopatra” where
 October 1885 - he arrived in Paris and stayed he posed as an
Egyptian Priest
there for four months as an assistant to Dr. Louis
 “The Blood Compact”,
posed as
de Weckert - a leading French Opthalmologist.
Sikatuna with Dr.
Trinidad Pardo
de Tavera taking the
role of Legazpi
Rizal in Historic Heidelberg, Germany
 His limited allowance and his desire to learn more  During weekend, he visited
scenery
about eye ailments prompted him to go to around Heidelberg, the famus
Germany, where the cost of living was cheaper Heidelberg Castle, the
Romantic Neckar
than in Paris. River, the old churches.
 February 3, 1886 - he reached Heidelberg, a  He noticed ecumenism
practiced
historic city in Germany famous for its old where people lived together
in harmony
university. and cordiality - half of the
town
 He worked at the University Eye Hospital under churches was used by
Catholics and the
the direction and supervision of Dr. Otto Becker other by the Protestant.
- a distinguished renowned German  During his stay, he lived
with a
Opthalmologist. Protestant pastor Dr. Karl
Ullmen,
 He attended the lecture of Dr. Becker and Prof. who became a good friend.
Wilhelm Kuehne at the University
Rizal in Historic Heidelberg, Germany
 In the spring of 1886, Rizal was fascinated by
the blooming flowers along the banks of the
Necker River - among them was his favorite
flower - a light blue “foget me not”.
 April 22, 1886, he wrote “A Las Flores de
Heidelberg” (To the Flowers of Heidelberg) - he
was inspired by the pretty flowers strewn along
the banks of the Neckar River - in this poem he
revealed his longing for his native land, which
later he sent his message of love and faith in the
Philippines.
First Letter to Professor
 July 31, 1886 - Rizal's pride in his linguistic
Ferdinand Blumentritt
 “The Spanish version is
mediocre
because the author is only a
modest
talent was heightened when he wrote in a German writer, but the
tagalog part is good,
Letter to Professor Ferdinand Blumetritt, and it is previously
the language
Director of Ateneo of Leitmeritz Austria. spoken in our
province.”
 He knew that this Austrian Ethnologist was  With the letter, he sent
the book entitled
interested in Philippine Languages. In his letter, “Arithmetica” (Arithmetic)
printed by UST
Rizal said: press in 1868, authored by
Rufino Baltazar
 “I have heared that you are studying our Fernandez, a native of
Sta. Cruz Laguna.
language and that you had already published  Blumentritt was amazed by
Rizal's letter
some work about it; Permit me to send you a and reciprocated by sending
two books to
valuable book written by my countrymen in Rizal as a gift;
correspondence begin and he
our language”, became the bestfriend of Rizal
From Geneva, Switzerland to Italy
 June 19, 1887 - Rizal celebrated his 26th Birthday in
Geneva Switzerland.
 After two weeks, then he take tour to Italy.
 He visited famous cities of Venice, Turin, Milan,
Florence, and Roma.
 In Rome, it was regarded as an “Eternal Roman
Catholic Church” and “City of Popes”.
 He stayed at Rome for a week and head back home