This Study Resource Was: Names: Barquilla, Frenz Brian

NAMES: BARQUILLA, FRENZ BRIAN TEMARIO, MIGUEL GENSEN
QUIÑONES, REUVIENNE SOFIA ZOMIL, EARL JERMAINE
ACTIVITY 6
THERMOCHEMISTRY: COFFEE PROBLEM
I. Objective
This activity aims to apply through the virtual laboratory of the concept of equilibrium
temperature by mixing hot coffee with milk at room temperature.
II. Intended Learning Outcomes

Students should be able to:
m
er as
 apply the concept of heat balance in determining the equilibrium temperature of
the system.
co
eH w
 apply the concept of heat balance in determining the mass of the substance to be
added in the system to attain the target equilibrium temperature.
o.
rs e
ou urc
III. Discussion
Thermochemistry is the study of heat changes that accompany chemical
o
reactions. It deals with the amount of heat either absorbed or given off during such
aC s
chemical reactions. When heat is given off by the system the reaction is said to be
vi y re
endothermic. A devise used for measuring heat changes in a system is called a

calorimeter. Calorimeters are designed to be well-insulated, so no heat is gained from or
lost to the surroundings. If no heating element is used to introduce heat in the system,
the total heat (q) for the entire calorimeter system must equal zero. The total heat can
ed d
be split into heats for each component in the system. The basic strategy in calorimetry
ar stu
is to use a temperature change and a heat capacity to determine a heat.

is
IV. Procedure and Result

Th
1. Click the logo of the Chem Collective in the assignment page. It will automatically
redirect to the simulation for the activity.
2. Go to the “stockroom” to get the solutions and equipment needed for the activity
sh
3. Coffee and milk are the solutions to be used.
Determination of equilibrium temperature (T eq) – Part A

1. Prepare the milk and coffee
2. Prepare the bunsen burner, one 250-mL beaker, one 600-mL beaker
This study source was downloaded by 100000833611668 from CourseHero.com on 10-08-2021 04:52:36 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/109158533/THERMOCHEMISTRY-COFFEE-PROBLEMdocx/
3. Right click the 600-mL beaker and click the thermal properties. Check the
“insulated from the surroundings” and click “ok”. This will make the beaker
insulated, making the temperature constant.
4. Pour 200 mL of coffee in a 250-mL beaker. Heat the coffee using bunsen
burner. Transfer the hot coffee to the 600-mL beaker. Make sure that the
temperature of the hot coffee is between 80°C to 95°C (Note: Once the coffee
is transferred to the 600-mL beaker, the temperature of the beaker will rise).
5. Record the temperature of the 600-mL beaker with hot coffee (T 1).
6. Directly from the container of the milk, pour 100 mL of milk (at 25°C – T 2) to
600-mL beaker containing the hot coffee.
7. Record the temperature of the 600-mL beaker which holds the milk-coffee
mixture. The temperature is now the equilibrium temperature (T eq).
m
er as
Temperature Values (°C)
co
T1
eH w
T2
Teq
o.
rs e
ou urc
Determination of equilibrium temperature (T eq) – Part B
o
2. Prepare the bunsen burner, three 250-mL beaker, one 600-mL beaker
aC s
vi y re
ed d
ar stu
6. Right click the unused 250-mL beaker and click the thermal properties. Check
is
the “insulated from the surroundings” and click “ok”. This will make the beaker
Th
insulated, making the temperature constant. This beaker will be used for hot
milk.
7. Pour 100 mL of milk to an empty 250-mL beaker (this beaker is NOT
INSULATED). Heat the milk using bunsen burner. Transfer the hot milk to the
sh
insulated 250-mL beaker. Make sure that the temperature of the hot milk is
between 40°C to 55°C. (Note: Once the milk is transferred to the insulated
250-mL beaker, the temperature of the beaker will rise).
8. Record the temperature of the insulated 250-mL beaker with hot milk (T 2).
9. Transfer the hot milk to the 600-mL beaker with coffee.
10. Record the temperature of the 600-mL beaker. The temperature is now the
equilibrium temperature (Teq).
Temperature Values (°C)

T1
T2
Teq
Determination of the volume of the milk

m
2. Prepare the bunsen burner, three 250-mL beaker, one 600-mL beaker
er as
co
eH w
o.
rs e
ou urc
o
6. The target equilibrium temperature of the mixture (coffee-milk) is 65°C (T eq).

aC s
To achieve this temperature, it is desired to transfer the milk (at 25°C – T 2)

vi y re
using pipette to control the volume added. Record the total volume used to
achieve the equilibrium temperature.
ed d
ar stu
T1 in °C
T2 in °C
Teq in °C
is
Volume used (milk) in mL

Th
V. Treatment and Result

Using the data, solve the equilibrium temperature for Part A and Part B, and solve for
sh
the volume of the milk. Check if the calculated values are the same with the value from
the virtual simulation. Show your solution here. Assume the densities for coffee and milk
are both equal to 1 g/mL. Also the specific heat for coffee and milk are equal to 4.184
J/g.°C.
1. Determination of equilibrium temperature (Teq) – Part A
2. Determination of equilibrium temperature (Teq) – Part B
m
er as
co
eH w
o.
3. Determination of the volume of the milk
rs e
ou urc
o
aC s
vi y re
VI. Questions
ed d
ar stu
1. What is equilibrium temperature?

is
Thermal equilibrium or equilibrium temperature can be observed when two (2)

Th
objects that are in contact have different temperatures (One has a higher temperature
than the other one). Thermal energy will generally transfer (or flow) from higher
temperature (hotter object) to lower temperature (cooler object) until they reach thermal
sh
equilibrium.
When two (2) objects are at thermal equilibrium, they are said to have the same
temperature. Thermal equilibrium is a condition in which thermal energy, or heat, no
longer transfers between two (2) objects that are in contact. We can say that two (2)
objects are at thermal equilibrium if there is no net flow of heat, or thermal energy,
between them if they are connected by a path permeable to heat. This means that there
is no exchange of thermal energy between the two (2) objects.
When an object is at thermal equilibrium, it obeys the Zeroth Law of
Thermodynamics, which states that if two (2) objects are both at thermal equilibrium
with a third object, they are also in equilibrium with one another. This means that all
three objects have the same temperature, and there is no exchange of thermal energy
between them.
2. What is the purpose of insulating the beaker?
m
An insulator is a substance which does not readily allow the passage of heat
er as
and/or sound. The main reason that we insulate the beaker is to imitate a Calorimeter, a
co
calorimeter is an insulated container that is used to measure the heat transferred to or
eH w
from a substance. The reason that we insulate the beaker is so that no heat is lost to
o.
the surrounding and so that we can get an accurate measurement to provide accurate
and precise results. rs e
ou urc
A calorimeter can be constant flux, heat-balance, heat-flow, constant flux and
power compensation calorimeter. The calorimeters mentioned above measures both
o
endothermic and exothermic changes within a reaction.

aC s
vi y re
3. What is the relationship of temperature to heat?

ed d
Temperature and heat are two different concepts that people always confuse
ar stu
each other with, to define the relationship between Temperature and Heat, we should
first get a proper definition of what differentiates heat from temperature.
is
Temperature is the measurement of the average random Kinetic Energy of the

atoms or molecules of a system. Temperature is related on how fast the atoms within a
Th
substance is moving. Temperature is the degree of hotness and coldness of a system, it

rises when the system is heated and it decreases when the system is cooled down.
Temperature cannot do work; it can only be used to measure the degree of heat. The SI
sh
unit of Temperature is Kelvin and it is represented by T. Temperature can be measured

by a thermometer
Heat is a transfer of thermal energy between a system and its surrounding due to
the difference in their temperature. Thermal energy generally flows from a hotter object
to a cooler object, by means of conduction, convection, or radiation, until thermal
equilibrium is reached, this is one of the reasons why heat is associated with
temperature. Heat is the total kinetic energy and potential energy obtained by molecules
in an object. Heat has the ability to do work. Its SI unit is Joule and is represented by Q.
Heat is measured using a calorimeter
The relationship between heat and temperature is that if an object has a high
temperature, it also has high heat. This can be observed from the equation Q = mCpΔT,
where we can see that the temperature is directly proportional to heat.
VII. Conclusion
m
Thermochemistry is the study of energy or heat flow that accompanies a
er as
chemical reaction, a chemical reaction may either absorb (endothermic) or release
co
(exothermic) thermal energy, or heat.
eH w
Heat is a transfer of thermal energy between a system (part of the universe that
o.
is being studied or focused on) and its surrounding (includes everything else in the
rs e
universe) due to the difference in their temperature. Thermal energy generally flows
ou urc
from a hotter object to a cooler object, by means of conduction, convection, or radiation,
until thermal equilibrium is reached
o
Thermal equilibrium is a condition in which thermal energy, or heat, no longer

aC s
transfers between two (2) objects that are in contact. Two (2) objects are at thermal
vi y re
equilibrium if there is no net flow of heat, or thermal energy, between them if they are
connected by a path permeable to heat. This means that there is no exchange of
thermal energy between the two (2) objects. Objects at thermal equilibrium, obeys the
ed d
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics, which states that if two (2) objects are both at thermal
ar stu
equilibrium with a third object, they are also in equilibrium with one another. This means
that all three objects have the same temperature, and there is no exchange of thermal
energy between them.
is
The flow of thermal energy, or heat, between the system and its surroundings is
Th
measured through calorimetry. The device that measures the heat transferred to or from
a substance is called a Calorimeter it is an insulated container, that means that no heat
is lost to the surroundings. A typical calorimeter used in experimentations is the coffee
cup calorimeter, it is usually made of a polystyrene cup that is a good insulator. A
sh
thermometer is inserted in the cork cover to monitor changes in temperature,

sometimes, a stirrer is used to ensure uniform mixing of the contents inside the cup.
The thermometer and the stirrer are assumed to have negligible effect on the heat
exchange
Temperature is the measurement of the average random Kinetic Energy of the

atoms or molecules of a system and is measured using a thermometer, while Heat is a
transfer of thermal energy between a system and its surrounding due to the difference
in their temperature and is measured using a calorimeter. Heat and temperature change
is directly proportional. As the temperature increases (decreases) the heat increases
(decreases) too. This can be observed from the equation Q = mCpΔT, where Q is the
heat, m is the mass, Cp is the proportionality constant called Specific Heat Capacity, ΔT
is temperature change.
m
er as
co
eH w
o.
rs e
ou urc
o
aC s
vi y re
ed d
ar stu
is
Th
sh
Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

This Study Resource Was: Names: Barquilla, Frenz Brian

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

This Study Resource Was: Names: Barquilla, Frenz Brian

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

NAMES: BARQUILLA, FRENZ BRIAN TEMARIO, MIGUEL GENSEN

QUIÑONES, REUVIENNE SOFIA ZOMIL, EARL JERMAINE

II. Intended Learning Outcomes

endothermic. A devise used for measuring heat changes in a system is called a

is to use a temperature change and a heat capacity to determine a heat.

IV. Procedure and Result

3. Coffee and milk are the solutions to be used.

Determination of equilibrium temperature (T eq) – Part A

Temperature Values (°C)

Determination of the volume of the milk

6. The target equilibrium temperature of the mixture (coffee-milk) is 65°C (T eq).

To achieve this temperature, it is desired to transfer the milk (at 25°C – T 2)

Volume used (milk) in mL

V. Treatment and Result

1. Determination of equilibrium temperature (Teq) – Part A

2. Determination of equilibrium temperature (Teq) – Part B

1. What is equilibrium temperature?

Thermal equilibrium or equilibrium temperature can be observed when two (2)

2. What is the purpose of insulating the beaker?

endothermic and exothermic changes within a reaction.

3. What is the relationship of temperature to heat?

Temperature is the measurement of the average random Kinetic Energy of the

substance is moving. Temperature is the degree of hotness and coldness of a system, it

unit of Temperature is Kelvin and it is represented by T. Temperature can be measured

Thermal equilibrium is a condition in which thermal energy, or heat, no longer

thermometer is inserted in the cork cover to monitor changes in temperature,

Temperature is the measurement of the average random Kinetic Energy of the

You might also like