ACTIVITY ON PROBABILITY

MARIA MED EULEXI P. TURIANO

BSA 2D
How many breakfast meals consisting of a fruit, a sandwich and a drink are possible if
one can select from 3 kinds of fruits, 3 kinds of sandwiches and 2 kinds of drinks?
For this problem, we shall first look for the Sample Space (S). We can get it by manually
listing all the possible outcomes as what is shown below. Let Fs (F1 F2 F3) be the Fruits, the Ss
(S1 S2 S3) be the Sandwiches and the Ds (D1 D2) be the Drinks.

F1 F2 F3 F1 F3 S3 F1 S2 D1 F2 F3 D1 F2 S2 D2 F3 S2 S3 S1 S2 D2
F1 F2 S1 F1 F3 D1 F1 S2 D2 F2 F3 D2 F2 S3 D1 F3 S2 D1 S1 S3 D1
F1 F2 S2 F1 F3 D2 F1 S3 D1 F2 S1 S2 F2 S3 D2 F3 S2 D2 S1 S3 D2
F1 F2 S3 F1 S1 S2 F1 S3 D2 F2 S1 S3 F2 D1 D2 F3 S3 D1 S1 D1 D2
F1 F2 D1 F1 S1 S3 F1 D1 D2 F2 S1 D1 F3 S1 S2 F3 S3 D2 S2 S3 D1
F1 F2 D2 F1 S1 D1 F2 F3 S1 F2 S1 D2 F3 S1 S3 F3 D1 D2 S2 S3 D2
F1 F3 S1 F1 S1 D2 F2 F3 S2 F2 S2 S3 F3 S1 D1 S1 S2 S3 S2 D1 D2
F1 F3 S2 F1 S2 S3 F2 F3 S3 F2 S2 D1 F3 S1 D2 S1 S2 D1 S3 D1 D2

Based on the table above, there 56 ways of how the foods can be grouped into three.
We can also confirm that there are really 56 possible total outcomes by using the formula
of Combination:
n!
n C r=
r ! ( n−r ) !
Where:
n = total number of objects in the set
r = desired number of choosing objects from the set
In this case n = 8 (3 fruits +3 sandwiches +2 drinks) and r = 3 (1 fruit + 1 sandwich and 1
drink) . The sample space (S) then or in this formula, the nCr, would be 56 ways, as presented by
the computation below:
8!
n C r=
3 ! ( 8−3 ) !
40,320
n C r=
6 (5)!
40,320
n C r=
720
n C r=56
 Since, the sample space is verified to be complete and true. We can now get the
number of favorable outcomes (M) is eighteen (18).
F1 F2 F3 F1 F3 S3 F1 S2 D1 F2 F3 D1 F2 S2 D2 F3 S2 S3 S1 S2 D2
F1 F2 S1 F1 F3 D1 F1 S2 D2 F2 F3 D2 F2 S3 D1 F3 S2 D1 S1 S3 D1
F1 F2 S2 F1 F3 D2 F1 S3 D1 F2 S1 S2 F2 S3 D2 F3 S2 D2 S1 S3 D2
F1 F2 S3 F1 S1 S2 F1 S3 D2 F2 S1 S3 F2 D1 D2 F3 S3 D1 S1 D1 D2
F1 F2 D1 F1 S1 S3 F1 D1 D2 F2 S1 D1 F3 S1 S2 F3 S3 D2 S2 S3 D1
F1 F2 D2 F1 S1 D1 F2 F3 S1 F2 S1 D2 F3 S1 S3 F3 D1 D2 S2 S3 D2
F1 F3 S1 F1 S1 D2 F2 F3 S2 F2 S2 S3 F3 S1 D1 S1 S2 S3 S2 D1 D2
F1 F3 S2 F1 S2 S3 F2 F3 S3 F2 S2 D1 F3 S1 D2 S1 S2 D1 S3 D1 D2
We can now then compute for the probability. Let S be the sample space and M be the
event of having a meal consisting of a fruit, a sandwich, and a drink. The formula for the
probability would be
M
P ( M )=
S

18
P ( M )=
56
P ( M )=0.3214
The