Experiment 3.2: Length of wire affects the resistance.

Inference: The resistance of a wire depends on the length of the wire.

Inferens: Rintangan suatu dawai bergantung pada panjang dawai.

Hypothesis: The longer the wire, the higher the resistance of the wire.
Hipotesis: Semakin panjang dawai, semakin besar rintangan dawai.

Aim: To study the relationship between the length and the resistance of a wire.
Tujuan: Mengkaji hubungan antara panjang dawai dengan rintangan dawai.

Variables:
Pemboleh ubah:

(a) Manipulated: Length of wire, l

Dimanipulasikan: Panjang dawai, l

(b) Responding: Resistance, R

Bergerak balas: Rintangan, R

(c) Constant: Diameter, resistivity and temperature of the wire

Dimalarkan: Diameter dawai, kerintangan dawai dan suhu

Apparatus: Two 1.5 V dry cells, cell holder, switch, connecting wires, ammeter, voltmeter, crocodile clips, rheostat
and metre rule.
Radas: Dua sel kering 1.5 V, pemegang sel, suis, dawai penyambung, ammeter, voltmeter, klip buaya, reostat dan
pembaris meter

Material: 110.0 cm of s.w.g. 24 constantan wire.

Bahan: Dawai konstantan s.w.g. 24 dengan panjang 110.0 cm

Arrangement of apparatus:
Susunan radas:
Procedure:
Prosedur:

1. Adjust crocodile clips P and Q so that the length of the wire, l = 20.0 cm.
Laraskan klip buaya P dan Q supaya panjang dawai, l = 20.0 cm.

2. Close the switch and adjust the rheostat until the current, I flowing in the circuit is 0.5 A.
Hidupkan suis dan laraskan reostat sehingga arus, I yang mengalir dalam litar ialah 0.5 A.

3. Record the value of potential difference across the wire in table.

Rekodkan nilai beza keupayaan merentasi dawai dalam jadual.

4. Repeat steps 2 to 4 for different lengths of the constantan wire, l = 40.0 cm, 60.0 cm, 80.0 cm and 100.0 cm.
Ulangi langkah 2 hingga 4 bagi panjang dawai konstantan yang berbeza, l = 40.0 cm, 60.0 cm, 80.0 cm dan
100.0 cm.

V
5. Calculate the resistance, R = .
I
V
Hitungkan rintangan, R =
I

Results:
Keputusan:

Length of wire, l Current, I Potential difference, V Resistance, R

Panjang dawai, l Arus, I Beza keupayaan, V Rintangan, R
(cm) (A) (V) (W)

Analysis of data:
Analisis data:

1. Plot a graph of resistance, R against the length of wire, l.

Plotkan graf rintangan, R melawan panjang dawai, l.

2. Determine the gradient of the graph of R against the length of wire, l.

Tentukan kecerunan graf rintangan, R melawan arus, I.

Conclusion:
Kesimpulan:
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Discussion:
Perbicangan:

State one precaution for this experiment.

Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil untuk memastikan suhu dawai adalah tetap sepanjang
eksperimen dijalankan.

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1.