Ys (Kkadu Vo/kkj - KK, Oa FL) Kar: (Accounting Concept and Principle)

ys[kkadu vo/kkj.
kk ,oa fl)kar
(Accounting
Concept and Principle)
¼1½ lÙkk dh vo/kkj.kk@i`Fkd vfLrRo dh vo/kkj.kk@O;olk; vfLrRo
(Concept of Business Entity / Concept of Separate
Existence / Business Existence )
1. bl vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k Lokeh dk vfLrRo O;kikj ls vyx ekuk tkrk gSA
Owing to this concept, the existence of the owner is
considered separate from the business.
2. Lokeh rFkk O;kikj nksuksa dh ys[kk iqLrdsa Hkh vyx&vyx gksrh gSaA o laifÙk]
nkf;Ro] [kpsZ ,oa vk; Hkh vyx&vyx gksrh gSA
Accounts of both the owner and the business are also
different. And property, liabilities, expenses and
income also different.
3. ;g vo/kkj.kk ys[kkadu dh n`f"V ls gS] dkuwu dh n`f"V ls ugha gSA
This concept is from accounting point of view, not As
per legal point of view.
4. blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k Lokeh dks O;kikj esa ysunkj ekuk tkrk gSA
Owing to this concept, the owner is considered a
creditor in the business.
5. blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k Lokeh dh iwath B/s esa nkf;Ro ds :i esa fn[kkrs gSaA
Due to this concept, owner's capital is shown as
liability in the Balance Sheet of Business.
6. blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k Lokeh ds futh O;;ksa dks O;kikfjd O;; ugha ekuk tkrk
gS cfYd O;kikj esa vkgj.k ekuk tkrk gSA
Owing to this concept, the personal expenses of the
owner are not considered to be Business expenses
but are considered drawings in business.
7. blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k vkgj.k ij C;kt olwy fd;k tkrk gSA
Due to this concept, interest is charged on drawings.
¼2½ nksgjk ys[kk@f}i{k@f} igyw vo/kkj.kk
(Dual Aspect/Double Entry Concept)
1. ;g bVyh ns'k dh nsu gSA
It is origin country of Italy.
2. bldks izorZd@tud yqdkl iSfl;ksyh gSA
It is originated by Lucas Pacioli.
3. bldk fodkl 15 oha 'krkCnh esa gqvkA
It developed in the 15th century.
4. leku Dr. rFkk leku Cr. dk fu;e blh vo/kkj.kk dh nsu gSA
The rule of equal debit and equal credit is the result of
this concept.
5. ys[kkadu lehdj.k dk fodkl blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k gqvkA
nkf;Ro + iwath = laifÙk
The accounting equation developed because of this
concept.
Liability + Capital = Assets
6. ys[kkadu lehdj.k ij vkfFkZd fpV~Bk vk/kkfjr gksrk gSA

The Balance sheet is based on this accounting equation.
7. blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k ryiV dk feyku gksrk gSA
Due to this concept, the trial balance is matched.
¼3½ foosd@ladqpu@ijEijkxr@:f<+okfnrk@nwjnf’kZrk vo/kkj.kk
(Conservatism/Prudence Concept)
 bl vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k Hkfo"; dh laHkkfor gkfu;ksa dk ys[kk orZeku esa djrk
gSA ysfdu laHkkfor ykHkksa dks /;ku esa ugha j[kk tkrk gSA
Due to this concept all anticipated future losses are
provided. But the future profits are not taken into
consideration.
 bl vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k ys[kk iqLrdksa esa [kpsZ T;knk fn[kk;s tkrs gSa] vk; de
fn[kk;h tkrh gSA laifÙk;ka de ewY; ij fn[kk;h tkrh gS rFkk nkf;Ro c<+kdj
fn[kk;s tkrs gSaA
Due to this concept, expenses are shown more in
accounting books, income is shown less. Assets are
shown at a lower value and liabilities are shown by
high value.
 blds ifj.kkeLo:i ykHk de gksaxs] dj dk Hkqxrku de djuk iM+sxk] xqIr lap;ksa
dk fuekZ.k gksxk vkSj xqIr lap; dgha ij Hkh fn[kk;s ugha tkrsA
As a result the profits will be reduced, tax will have to
be reduced, secret reserve will be created and secret
reserve are not shown anywhere.
 blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k nsunkjksa ij Mwcr vk;kstu rFkk cV~Vk vk;kstu dk
fuekZ.k fd;k tkrk gS ysfdu ysunkjksa ij cV~Vk lap; dh vogsyuk dh tkrh
gSA
Due to this concept, bad debts provision on debtors
are created on debtors, but reserve on creditor will be
ignored.
 blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k O;kikj o"kZ ds var esa vius vafre LVªkWd dk ewY;kadu]
ykxr rFkk cktkj ewY; ¼'kq) olwy ewY;½ tks nksuksa esa ls de gks ml ij fd;k
tk,xkA
Due to this concept, at the end of the business year,
its closing stock will be valued at the cost and market
value (net realizable value) which is lower of the two.
 blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k lk>snkjh QeZ esa la;qDr thou chek ikWfylh dks vkfFkZd
fpV~Bs esa (B/S) esa mlds leiZ.k ewY; (Surrender Value) ij fn[kk;k
tkrk gSA
Due to this concept, the joint life insurance policy in a
partnership firm is shown in the balance sheet; its
surrender value in the balance sheet.
Note:- fn[kkoVh lkt&lTtk (Window Dressing) tc daiuh vius 'ks;j
tkjh djrh gS rc og fuos'kdksa dks vkdf"kZr djus ds fy, vius ykHkksa rFkk
laifÙk;ksa dks c<+kdj fn[kkrh gS bls gh fn[kkoVh lkt&lTtk dgrs gSaA
Window Dressing: When a company issues its
shares, it shows higher profits and assets to
attract investors.
¼4½ iw.kZ izdVhdj.k@izn'kZu@vfHkO;fDr vo/kkj.kk
(Full Disclosure Concept)
1. bl vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj ys[kk iqLrd@foÙkh; fooj.kksa dk fuekZ.k djrs le;

lHkh rF;ksa dk iw.kZ izdVhdj.k djuk pkfg,A ftlls mi;ksxdrkZ ds fy, foÙkh;
fooj.k le>us esa vklku gksA
According to this concept, full disclosure of all facts
should be done while constructing accounting books /
financial statements. So that the financial statement is
easy for the user to understand.
bl vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k gh fuEu ifj.kke gksrs gSa&
The following results are due to this concept-
(A) ys[kkadu izfof"V ds lkFk Narration/O;k[;k@y?kq lkjka'k fn;k tkrk gSA

An accounting entry is accompanied by a short
summary / Narration.
(B) B/S ds uhps lafnX/k nkf;Roksa dks QqVuksV@fVIi.kh ds :i esa fn[kk;k tkrk gSA
Contingent liabilities are shown as footnotes.
¼5½ egRoiw.kZrk@lkjrk@lkjokurk@rF;kRedrk@HkkSfrdrk
(Materiality Concept)
1. ;g iw.kZ izdVhdj.k dk viokn gSA
This is an exception to full disclosure.
2. bl vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj egRoiw.kZ rF;ksa dks iw.kZ izdV djuk pkfg,A vyx ls
fn[kkuk pkfg, D;ksafd egRoiw.kZ rF; os rF; gksrs gSa tks] mi;ksx&drkZ ds fu.kZ;
dks izHkkfor djrs gSaA
According to this concept important facts should be
fully disclosed. Must be shown separately because im
portant facts are the facts that influence the decision of
the user.
bl vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k gh fuEu ifj.kke gksrs gSa&
The following results are due to this concept-
(i) iSlksa dks iw.kkZad esa cnyukA

Convert paise in rupees.
(ii) Calculator dh [kjhn dks LVs'kujh O;;] O;kikfjd O;; ds :i esa
fn[kkukA
To show the purchase of calculator as stationery
expense or business expense.
(iii) O;olk; esa NksVs&NksVs O;;ksa ds fy, vyx [kkrk ugha [kksyrs cfYd mUgsa
sundry expense fofo/k O;; [kkrs esa fn[kkrs gSaA
Do not open a separate account for small expenses
in a well-known business, but show them in the
Miscellaneous Expense Account.
 NksVs ewY;@de ewY; dh laifÙk;ksa dks [kjhnrs le; ;k rks mldks vk;xr O;;
eku ysrs gSa vkSj iwjk gh P&L A/c ls Charge dj ysrs gSaA ;k fQj laifÙk
ekurs gq, ys[kk djrs gSa vkSj [kjhn ds o"kZ esa gh 100% âkl yxk fn;k tkrk gSA
When purchasing small value / low value properties,
they either consider it as an expenditure. Or consider
the fixed asset and do 100% depreciation in the year
of purchase.
¼6½ lqnh?kZ laLFkku@pkyw m|e@lrr~ laLFkku vo/kkj.kk
(Going Concern Concept)
1. bl vo/kkj.kk dh ;g ekU;rk gS fd O;olk; fcuk fdlh :dkoV ds Hkfo"; esa

blh izdkj pyrk jgsxkA vkSj mlds fudV Hkfo"; esa lekIr gksus dh dksbZ
laHkkouk ugha gSA
It is a belief of this concept that business will continue
for infinite time. And there is no possibility of it ending
in the near future.
2. blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k O;olk; viuh LFkk;h laifÙk;ksa dks vkfFkZd fpV~Bs
esa ,sfrgkfld ykxr ij fn[kkrk gS vkSj ,sls O;kikj tks fudV Hkfo"; esa lekIr
gksus okys gSaA oks viuh LFkk;h laifÙk;ksa dks cktkj ewY;@'kq) olwyh ewY; ij
fn[kkrs gSaA
It is due to this concept that businesses show their
fixed assets in historical cost in balance sheet and
businesses that are about to expire in the near future.
They show their fixed assets at market value / net
realization value.
blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k fuEu oxhZdj.k gq,&
This concept led to the following classification:
(A) O;; & iwathxr O;; rFkk vk;xr O;;
Expenditure - Capital expenditure and revenue
expenditure.
(B) laifÙk & LFkk;h laifÙk rFkk pkyw lEifÙk
Assets – Fixed Asset and Current Assets
(C) nkf;Ro & nh?kZdkyhu rFkk vYidkyhu nkf;Ro
Obligations - Long term and short term liabilities
3. blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k B/S esa vnÙk@iwoZnÙk@mikftZr@vuqikftZr vk; dk
lek;kstu fy[kk tkrk gSA
Due to this concept, the adjustment of unpaid /
prepaid / accrued / unearned income will be disclosed
in the Balance Sheet.
¼7½ eqnzk ekikadu vo/kkj.kk
(Money Measurement Concept)
1. bl vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj ys[kkadu esa dsoy ekSfnzd O;ogkjksa dk ys[kk fd;k
tkrk gS] xSj ekSfnzd dk ughaA
According to this concept, only monetary transactions
are accounted for in accounting, not non-monetary.
2. eqnzk ml ns'k dh gksuh pkfg, tgka ys[kk iqLrd@foÙkh; fooj.kksa dk fuekZ.k gks jgk gSA
The currency should be of the country where the
accounting book / financial statements are being
prepared.
3. ifj.kkRed@xq.kkRed O;ogkj ys[kkadu esa ntZ ugha fd, tkrs dsoy ekSfnzd
O;ogkj gh ntZ djrs gSaA
Quantitative / qualitative transaction are not recorded in
accounting, only monetary transactions are recorded.
4. blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k fuEu O;ogkjksa dks ys[kkadu esa ntZ ugha fd;k tkrkA
Due to this concept the following transactions are not
recorded in accounting.
(a) xzkgd ls eky dk vkWMZj izkIr gksukA
Receipt of goods order from the concerned customer.
(b) O;kikfjd cV~Vk
Trade Discount.
(c) deZpkjh dks ukSdjh ls c[kkZLr djukA
Dismiss of employee from job.
(d) deZpkjh dks laifÙk ds :i esa ntZ djukA
Employee in not recorded an asset.
¼8½ ykxr vo/kkj.kk (Cost Concept)
bl vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj fdlh LFkk;h laifÙk dk ys[kk mldh ,sfrgkfld ykxr ij
djuk pkfg,A up to ready to put to use rd dhA vkSj blh ij âkl
yxk;k tkuk pkfg,A vkSj Hkfo"; esa laifÙk ds cktkj ewY; esa gksus okys mrkj&p<+koksa
dks /;ku esa ugha j[kk tkrkA
Cost Concept: According to this concept, a fixed asset should
be recorded for at its historical cost. And Depreciation should
be start from ready to put to use. And future market price
fluctuations are not taken into consideration.
¼9½ fujarjrk@,d:irk@lrrrk@LFkkf;Ro dh vo/kkj.kk
(Concept of Continuity / Uniformity/ Consistency )
1. bl vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj foÙkh; fooj.kksa dk fuekZ.k djrs le; viukbZ xbZ

ys[kkadu uhfr;ksa esa o"kZ nj o"kZ lekurk j[kuh pkfg, viuh lqfo/kk ds fy,
ys[kkadu uhfr esa ifjorZu ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
According to this concept, accounting policies adopted
while producing financial statements should be uniform
year after year, and for their convenience, the accounting
policy should not be changed.
ys[kkadu uhfr;ksa esa ifjorZu dsoy fuEu nks dkj.kksa ls fd;k tk ldrk gS&
Changes in accounting policies can only be made for the
following two reasons:
(i) tc ,slk ifjorZu dkuwu@fof/k@lfUu;e dh ikyu ds fy, fd;k gSA
Methodology when such a change is made to obey the
law / statute.
(ii) ,slk ifjorZu djus ls foÙkh; fooj.k@ys[kk iqLrdksa dk csgrj izLrqrhdj.k
gksrk gSA
Making such changes leads to better presentation of
financial statements / books of accounts.
Note:- fuEu og {ks= gS tgk¡ ij ys[kkadu uhfr;ksa dk fujarj mi;ksx fd;k tkrk
gSA
The following is an area where accounting policies
are continuously used.
(i) LVkWd dk ewY;kadu@Evaluation of closing stock
(ii) fuos'kksa dk ewY;kadu@Valuation of investments
(iii) LFkk;h lEifÙk dk ewY;kadu@Valuation of fixed assets
(iv) [;kfr dk mipkj@Treatment of goodwill
¼10½ dkyc)rk@vof/k vo/kkj.kk
(Periodicity Concept)
1. bl vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj O;olk; ds vuUr thoudky dks le; ds fuf'pr

varjky esa ckaVk tkrk gSA lk/kkj.kr;k blh varjky dks ys[kkadu vof/k dgrs
gSaA tks dSys.Mj o"kZ ds :i esa rks tuojh ls fnlacj rd gksxkA vkSj foÙkh;
o"kZ ds :i esa 1 vizSy ls 31 ekpZ rd dk gksxkA
According to this concept the lifetime of business is
splatted into fixed intervals of time. Generally, this
interval is called the accounting period. Which will be
from January to December as the calendar year. And will
be from 1 April to 31 March as a financial year.
2. ys[kkadu vof/k vf/kdre 15 ekg dh gks ldrh gSA
The accounting period can be a maximum of 15
months.
3. blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k vafre [kkrs@foÙkh; foj.k fuf'pr vof/k ds fy,
rS;kj fd, tkrs gSaA
Due to this concept, final accounts /financial
statements are prepared for a fixed period.
¼11½ miktZu vo/kkj.kk (Accrual Concept)
1. bl vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj ;g crk;k tkrk gS fd ys[kk iqLrdksa esa vk; rFkk O;;
dks dc ntZ djuk pkfg,A ;kfu ys[kk iqLrdksa esa vk; dks dekrs gh ntZ dj
ysuk pkfg, pkgs oks izkIr gks xbZ ;k izkIr gksus okyh gSA
blh izdkj [kpZ ys[kk Hkh ?kfVr gksrs gh ntZ dj nsuk pkfg,A pkgs mldk
Hkqxrku dj fn;k gS ;k cdk;k gSA
According to this concept, it is told when the income and
expenditure should be recorded in the accounting books.
That is, the revenue should be recorded in the accounting
books as soon as they are earned, whether it is received
or is going to be received.
Similarly, expense accounts should be recorded as soon
as they occur. Whether it has been paid or to be paid.
2. blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k lacaf/kr o"kZ ds 12 ekg ds fy, ys[kk iqLrdksa dk
fuekZ.k fd;k tkrk gSA
Due to this concept accounts books are produced for 12
months of the respective year.
3. blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k ys[kk iqLrdksa esa vnÙk&iwoZnÙk mikftZr] vuqikftZr dh
ys[kk izfof"V dh tkrh gSA
Due to this concept, the accounting entry of outstanding,
prepaid expense, accrued income and unearned income
are recorded in the books.
¼12½ feyku vo/kkj.kk
(Matching Concept)
1. ;g miktZu vo/kkj.kk ij vk/kkfjr gksrh gSA

It is based on the concept of accrued.
2. blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k ykHk&gkfu [kkrs dk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA
Due to this concept a profit-and-loss account is prepared.
3. blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k ykHk&gkfu [kkrs lgh ykHk&gkfu dks crkrk gSA
Due to this concept, the profit-loss account states the net
profit or loss.
4. blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k] ykHk&gkfu [kkrs esa vnÙk] iwoZnÙk] mikftZr] vuqikftZr
dk lek;kstu iznf'kZr gksrk gSA
Due to this concept, the adjustment of outstanding,
prepaid, accrued, unearned income is reflected in the
profit-loss account.
5. blh vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k lacaf/kr vof/k dh vk; dk feyku] lacaf/kr vof/k ds
O;; ds lkFk fd;k tkrk gS] ftlls fd lgh ykHk gkfu Kkr gksA
Due to this concept, the income of the related period is
matched with the expenditure of the respective period, so
that the true profit loss is known.
¼13½ olwyh vo/kkj.kk
(Realisation Concept)
1. ;g vk; dks ekius dk fl)kar gSA

It is the principle of measuring income.
2. bl vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k ys[kk iqLrdksa esa foØ; ls vk; dks fuEu nksuksa esa ls tks
Hkh igys gks mls le; ntZ ekuk tk,xkA
Due to this concept, income from sales in the books of
account, whichever is earlier, will be considered as
recorded at the time.
(A) eky dh HkkSfrd lqiqnZxh ¼eky dk dCtk nsuk½
Physical delivery of goods (giving possession of goods)
(B) eky dh jpukRed lqiqnZxh ¼LokfeRo o tksf[ke dk gLrkarj.k fcy ds }kjk½
Creative delivery of stalled goods (by transfer of
ownership and risk bill)
fu"d"kZ& 1. fodkl dk lgh Øe
Conclusion- 1. Correct sequence of development
Note:-
• If followed
Then no Disclosure
Required
• If not followed
Then Disclosure
should be Required
in Report
Accounting Concepts
• Idea or motion which have universal Application
• It is Based on Assumptions
Accounting Principles
• It is Based on objectivity
• Based on practice rules
Accounting Conventions
• Have no universal Application
Note:-
• Going concern, cost concept and realization concept
gives the valuation criteria.
• The valuation of Assets of a Business entity is
de pendent on this Assumptions.
• The origin of the word debit and credit originated in
the 12th century.
• Dual Accounts - Developed in 15th century.
Unit-1
 'kCn Dr o Cr dh mRifÙk & 12 oha 'krkCnh esa gqbZA
The origin of the word debit and credit originated in the
12th century.
 nksgjk ys[kk dk fodkl & 15oha 'krkCnh esa gqvkA
Dual Accounts - Developed in 15th century.
 izca/k ys[kkdu dk fodkl& 20oha 'krkCnh esa gqvkA
Development of management accounting - in the 20th
century.
 o"kZ 1961 esa ys[kkadu dh ifjHkk'kk AICPA us dhA
Definition of accounting in the year 1961. by AICPA.
 o"kZ 1966 esa American ys[kkadu la?k us ys[kkadu dks ifjHkkf"kr fd;kA
In the year 1966. The American Accounting Association
defined accounting.
 ys[kkadu ds dk;Z o"kZ 1970 esa ys[kkadu fl)kar cksMZ us crk,A
Accounting function were reported by the Accounting
Principles Board in the year 1970.
 ys[kkadu ekun.M cksMZ dh LFkkiuk 21 vizSy 1977 dks gqbZA
Board of Accounting Standards was established on 21
April 1977.
ys[kkadu dh ifjHkk"kk ¼Definition of accounting½
Note:-
 izkFkfed ys[kk iqLrdksa esa 'kkfey = tuZy@lgk;d cgh
Tri journals / subsidiary books included in primary accounting
books
 f}rh;d@xkS.k ys[kk iqLrd = [kkrk cgh
Secondary / secondary account book and ledger
 iqLrikyu esa 'kkfey izfØ;k = vfHkys[ku rFkk oxhZdj.k
Procedure and recording and classification involved in
bookkeeping
 ys[kkadu esa 'kkfey izfØ;k = lkjka'k] vfHkys[ku] oxhZdj.k fuoZpu
Process, summary, recording, classification interpretation
involved in accounting
 iqLrikyu rFkk ys[kkadu dh igyh izfØ;k = vfHkys[ku
First process and accounting of accounting and accounting
 ys[kkadu dh ekSfyd izfØ;k = vfHkys[ku
Basic process of accounting and recording
 vafre izfØ;k = fuoZpu
Final process
 iqLrikyu fyihdh; izd`fr dk dk;Z gS tcfd ys[kkadu fo'ks"kK izd`fr dk dk;Z
gSA
 iqLrikyu fu.kZ;u esa lgk;d ugha gksrk tcfd ys[kkadu fu.kZ;u esa lgk;d gSA
 tgk¡ iqLrikyu lekIr gksrk gS ogka ls ys[kkadu izkjaHk gksrk gSA
 iqLrikyu ys[kkadu dk ,d Hkkx gSA
 iqLrikyu ys[kkadu dh rqyuk esa ladqfpr gSA
 foÙkh; fooj.kksa dk fuekZ.k ys[kkadu esa gksrk gSA iqLrikyu esa ughaA
iqLrikyu ds eq[; mís';
1. foÙkh; ysunsuksa dk iw.kZ vfHkys[ku djuk ¼izkFkfed½
2. O;olk; ij ysunsuksa ds izHkko dks iznf'kZr djukA
ys[kkadu ds eq[; mís';
1. foÙkh; ysunsuksa dk iw.kZ vfHkys[ku djukA
2. ykHk&gkfu dk fu/kkZj.k djukA
3. O;olk; dh 'kks/ku {kerk Kkr djukA
4. mi;ksxdrkZ dks fu.kZ;u ds fy, ys[kkadu lwpukvksa dk laogu djukA ¼izkFkfed½
ys[kkadu ds dk;Z
1. ys[kkadu ds dk;Z 1970 esa ys[kkadu fl)kar cksMZ }kjk crk, x,A tks fuEu gSa&
(A) ekikadu
(B) iwokZuqeku
(C) fu.kZ;u
(D) fu;a=.k
2. foÙkh; fooj.k (Financial Statements)
¶ykspkVZ
Note:-
 foÙkh; fooj.kksa dk fuekZ.k ys[kkadu esa gksrk gS] iqLrikyu esa ughaA
 foÙkh; fooj.kksa ds izkFkfed xq.kkRed y{k.k] lac)rk] fo'oluh;rk
Unit 3
 Hkkjr esa ys[kkadu ekunaM ICAI }kjk tkjh fd, tkrs gSaA
 Hkkjr esa ys[kkadu ekunaM daifu;ksa ds fy, vkns'kkRed@vfuok;Z gS tcfd v U ;
ds fy, ,sfPNd gSA
 ys[kkadu ekun.Mksa dk fuekZ.k ASB ¼ys[kkadu ekun.M cksMZ½ }kjk fd;k t k r k
gSA
 ys[kkadu ekun.M cksMZ dh LFkkiuk ICAI us 21-4-1977 dks dhA
 AS dks fuekZ.k djus dk mÙkjnkf;Ro ASB dk gksrk gSA
 ASB esa fo'ks"kK cSBrs gSa vkSj fo'ks"kKksa ds }kjk rS;kj fyf[kr uhfr i= AS
dgykrs gSaA
 AS dks viukus ls foÙkh; fooj.kksa dh fo'oluh;rk c<+sxh] iknf'kZrk LFkkfir
gksxh] Hkzkedrk [kRe gksxh] xSj rqyukRedrk dk fujkdj.k gksxkA
 orZeku esa tkjh ys[kkadu ekun.M = 32
ys[kkadu ekun.Mksa dh dfe;k¡@lhek,¡
1. ys[kkadu ekun.M ftíh LoHkko ds gksrs gSaA yphysiu dk vHkko gksrk gSA
2. ys[kkadu ekun.M fdlh leL;k ds lek/kku ds fy, fofHkUu oSdfYid mipkj
crkrs gSa vkSj muls Js"B fodYi dk p;u djuk dfBu gksrk gSA
3. ys[kkadu ekun.M dkuwu ij gkoh ugha gks ldrsA
 ICAI }kjk crk, x, ys[kkadu ekun.M dqN vfuok;Z gSa rFkk 'ks"k flQkfj'khA
Unit 4
ys[kkadu uhfr;k¡
ys[kkadu uhfr;ksa dk vFkZ %

 fof'k"V ys[kkadu fl)kar rFkk bu fl)karksa dks ykxw djus dh fof/k;k¡A
 ,d O;kikj ds fy, dq'ky ys[kkadu uhfr;ksa dks p;u djus dk mÙkjnkf;Ro
O;kikj ds izca/k dk gSA
 ys[kkadu uhfr;ksa dks p;u djus ds 3 vk/kkj gSa&
(1) foosd
(2) Lo:i ij lkj dk opZLo
(3) lkjrk
 vdq'ky@xyr@vuqi;qDr ys[kkadu uhfr;ksa dk p;u djus ls O;kolkf;d
fu"ifÙk rFkk vkfFkZd fLFkfr ;k rks vf/kewY;kafdr gks tk,xh ;k U;wu ewY;kafdr gks ]
tk,xhA
 ,d ckj viuk;h xbZ ys[kkadu uhfr;ksa esa o"kZ nj o"kZ lekurk j[kuh pkfg,A v i -
uh lqfo/kk ds fy, ys[kkadu uhfr;ksa esa ifjorZu ugha djuk pkfg,A
 ys[kkadu uhfr;ksa esa ifjorZu dsoy fuEu dkj.kksa ls fd;k tk ldrk gS&
1. tc ,slk ifjorZu dkuwu@fof/k@lfUu;e@ys[kkadu ekun.M dh ikyuk
ds fy, fd;k x;k gSA
2. ,slk ifjorZu djus ls foÙkh; fooj.kksa@ys[kk iqLrdksa dk csgrj izLrqrhdj.k
gksrk gSA
 os {ks= tgk¡ ys[kkadu uhfr;ksa dk fujarj mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] os fuEu gSa&
(1) LFkk;h laifÙk;ksa dk ys[kkadu mipkj
(2) [;kfr dk mipkj
(3) fuos'kksa dk ewY;kadu
(4) LdU/k dk ewY;kadu
(5) âkl
(6) fjDrhdj.k viys[ku dh fof/k;k¡
Note:-
 ys[kkadu uhfr;ksa esa ifjorZu ds izHkko Hkwry{kh gksrs gSaA
 ys[kkadu uhfr;ksa dk izdVu@vfHkO;fDr = AS1
 ys[kkadu uhfr;ksa esa ifjorZu = AS5
ys[kkadu vo/kkj.kk,¡]
fl)kUr ,oa ijEijk,¡
Accounting Concepts,
Principles and
Conventions
1. ÞO;kolkf;d bdkbZ] ml O;fDr ls tks bls iw¡th dh vkiwfrZ djrk gS] ls i`Fkd ,oa
fHkUu gksrh gSAß ;g vk/kkfjr gS&
(a) eqnzk ekiu vo/kkj.kk ij
(b) pkyw O;olk; vo/kkj.kk ij
(c) O;olk; ds vfLrRo dh vo/kkj.kk ij
(d) f}i{kh; vo/kkj.kk ij
“Business unit is separate and distinct from the person
who supply capital to It”, is based on
(a) Money measurement concept.
(b) Going concern concept.
(c) Business entity concept
(d) Dual aspect concept.
2. laLFkk ds Lokeh }kjk fd;k x;k vkgj.k ij C;kt fdl vo/kkj.kk gksrk gS\
(a) miktZu dh vo/kkj.kk
(b) :f<+okfnrk dh vo/kkj.kk
(c) lÙkk dh vo/kkj.kk
(d) f}igyw vo/kkj.kk
According to which concept the owner of an enterprise

pays the “interest on drawings”?
(a) Accrual Concept
(b) Conservative Concept
(c) Entity Concept
(d) Dual Aspect Concept
3. Lokeh ,oa O;olk; ds e/; laO;ogkjksa dks vfHkfyf[kr fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) vkof/kdrk ds vuqlkj
(b) pkyw O;olk; ds vuqlkj
(c) izKk ds vuqlkj
(d) O;olk; ds vfLrRo ds vuqlkj
Transactions between owner and business are recorded

as per
(a) Periodicity.
(b) Going concern.
(c) Prudence
(d) Business Entity.
4. ÞO;kolkf;d bdkbZß ml O;fDr ls tks iw¡th dh vkiwfrZ djrk gS] ls i`Fkd ,oa fHkUu
gS] ;g fuHkZj gS&
(b) pkyw m|e
(c) lÙkk vo/kkj.kk ij
(d) nks i{k vo/kkj.kk ij
„Business unit‟ is separate and distinct from the persons
who supply capital to it is based on_________
(a) Money measurement concept
(b) Going concern concept
(c) Entity concept
(d) Dual aspect concept
5. O;olk; rFkk ekfyd ds chp ysu nsu--------------vo/kkj.kk dk ikyu djrs gq, fjdkWMZ
fd;s tkrs gSaA
(a) dkyc)rk
(b) O;olk; lÙkk
(c) foosd
(d) lqnh?kZ laLFkku
Transaction between business and owner are recorded
following concept
(a) Periodicity
(b) Business Entity
(c) Prudence
(d) Going Concern
6. -------------------ds vuqlkj miØe ekfyd }kjk fd;s x;s iw¡th fuos'k ds fy, ekfyd ds izfr
nk;h gksrk gSA
(a) lÙkk vo/kkj.kk
(b) eqnzk ekikadu vo/kkj.kk
(c) miktZu vo/kkj.kk
(d) lqnh?kZ laLFkku vo/kkj.kk
The Enterprise is liable to the owner for capital investment
made by the owner as per
(a) Entity concept
(b) Money measurement concept
(c) Accrual concept
(d) Going concern concept
7. ekfyd O;kikj esa ysunkj ekuk tkrk gS D;ksafd
(a) vof/k
(b) lkjrk dk fl)kUr
(c) lÙkk vo/kkj.kk
(d) lrrrk vo/kkj.kk
Proprietor (owner) is- treated as creditor of business due

to:
(a) Periodicity concept
(b) Materiality Principle
(c) Entity concept
(d) Consistency concept
8. Lokeh }kjk ykbZ xbZ iw¡th--------------,d mnkgj.k gSA
(a) lEifÙk esa o`f) rFkk nkf;Ro esa o`f) dk
(b) nkf;Ro esa o`f) rFkk lEifÙk esa deh dk
(c) lEifÙk esa o`f) rFkk nkf;Ro esa deh dk
(d) ,d lEifÙk esa o`f) rFkk vU; lEifÙk esa deh dk
Capital brought in by the proprietor is an example of

(a) Increase in asset and increase in liability
(b) Increase in liability and decrease in asset
(c) Increase in asset and decrease in liability
(d) Increase in one asset and decrease in another asset
9. 2000 :- uxn O;fDrxr [kpZ ds fy, fudkys x;s ;g fdl [kkrs esa uke fy[ks x;sA
(a) vkgj.k [kkrk
(b) ysunkj [kkrk
(c) iw¡th [kkrk
(d) uxn [kkrk
Cash of Rs. 2,000 is withdrawn for personal expenses.

This will be debited to which account:
(a) Drawings A/c
(b) Creditors A/c
(c) Capital A/c
(d) Cash A/c
10. nksgjk ys[kk fl)kUr dk vFkZ%&
(a) ,d ys[ks dks nks ckj fy[kuk
(b) lHkh ys[kksa dks iqLrdksa esa nksckjk fy[kuk
(c) izR;sd MsfcV dk ØsfMV ,oa izR;sd ØsfMV dk MsfcV
(d) mi;qZDr lHkh
Double entry principle means:

(a) Writing twice the same entry
(b) writing all the entries twice in the book
(c) having debit for every credit and credit for each debit
(d) All of the above
11. dkSu lk fooj.k ys[kkadu lehdj.k] lEifÙk = nkf;Ro + Lokeh dh lerk dk
izfrfuf/kRo djrk gS\
(a) vk; fooj.k
(b) jksdM+ izokg fooj.k
(c) vkfFkZd fpV~Bk
(d) mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ugha
Which financial statement represents the accounting
equation, assets=Liabilities + Owner‟s equity:
(a) Income Statement
(b) Statement of Cash flows
(c) Balance Sheet
(d) None of the above
12. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu f}i{kh; vo/kkj.kk dk ikyu ugha dj ldrk\
(a) ,d lEifÙk esa o`f)] nwljs esa deh
(b) lEifÙk vkSj nkf;Ro nksuksa esa o`f)
(c) ,d lEifÙk esa deh ,oa nwljs esa Hkh deh
(d) lEifÙk vkSj iw¡th esa o`f)
Which of the following does not follow dual Aspect?

(a) Increase in one asset, decrease in other,
(b) Increase in both asset and liability
(c) Decrease in one asset, decrease in other
(d) Increase in one asset & Capital
13. ys[kkadu lehdj.k vk/kkfjr gS%
(a) lqnh?kZ laLFkku
(b) f}igyw vo/kkj.kk
(c) eqnzk ekikadu vo/kkj.kk
(d) mi;qZDr lHkh
The Accounting Equation is based on:

(a) Going Concern Concept
(b) Dual Aspect Concept
(c) Money Measurement Concept
(d) All of these
14. dkSu lk foÙkh; fooj.k ys[kkadu lehdj.k izLrqr djrk gS%
(a) vk; fooj.k
(b) jksdM+ izokg fooj.k
(c) vkfFkZd fpV~Bk
(d) dks"k izokg fooj.k
Which financial statement represents the accounting

equation ASSETS = LIABILITIES + OWNER‟S EQUITY
(a) Income statement
(b) Cash flow statement
(c) Balance sheet
(d) Funds Flow statement
15. 'kq) lEifÙk;ksa ij D;k izHkko iM+k ;fn nsunkjksa esa 50,000 :i;s uxn izkIr gq;s\
(a) c<+rs gSa
(b) ?kVrs gSa
(c) dksbZ cnyko ugha
(d) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
What is the effect on the Net Assets if cash Is received

from debtors of Rs. 50,000?
(a) Increase
(b) Decrease
(c) No Change
(d) None of these
16. v us ,d dkj 1,00,000 :- rqjUr Hkqxrku djds rFkk 4,00,000 :- ds fy, 60
fnu dk ,d ns; foi= Lohdkj djds 5,00,000 :- esa [kjhnhA bl ysunsu ds
ifj.kkeLo:i%
(a) dqy lEifÙk;k¡ 5,00,000 :- ls c<+h
(b) dqy nkf;Ro 4,00,000 :- ls c<+h
(c) dqy lEifÙk;k¡ 4,00,000 :- ls c<+h
(d) dqy lEifÙk;k¡ 4,00,000 :- ls c<+h rFkk rRlEcU/kh nkf;Ro 4,00,000 :- ls
c<+s
16. A purchased a car for Rs. 5,00,000, making a down
payment of Rs. 1,00,000 and signing a Rs. 4,00,000 bill
payable due in 60 days. As a result of this transaction:
(a) Total assets increased by Rs. 5,00,000
(b) Total liabilities increased by Rs. 4,00,000
(c) Total assets increased by Rs. 4,00,000
(d) Total assets increased by Rs. 4,00000 with
corresponding increase in liabilities by Rs. 4,00,000
17. ,d O;olk;h us 31 ekpZ] 2005 dks lekIr ys[kkadu o"kZ ds nkSjku 25,00,000 :-
dk eky [kjhnk Fkk ftlesa ls 70 izfr”kr eky csp fn;kA mlus vfUre jgfr;k dks
5,00,000 :- ij ewY;kafdr fd;k u fd 7,50,000 :- ij bldk dkj.k gS&
(a) eqnzk ekiu (b) ijEijkoknh
(c) ykxr (d) vkof/kdrk
A businessman purchased goods for Rs.25,00,000 and
sold 70% of such goods during the accounting year ended
31st March, 2005. The market value of the remaining
goods was Rs.5,00,000. He valued the closing stock at Rs.
5,00,000 and not at Rs. 7,50,000 due to
(a) Money measurement. (b) Conservatism.
(c) Cost. (d) Periodicity.
18. ;g fopkj/kkjk fd ^,d ys[kkdkj dks ykHkksa dh laHkkouk ugha pkfg, ysfdu lHkh gkfu;ksa
ds fy, O;oLFkk djuh pkfg,* tkuh tkrh gSA
(a) :f<+okfnrk dh fopkj/kkjk
(b) lrrrk dh fopkj/kkjk
(c) lkjrk dh fopkj/kkjk
(d) dVkSrh dh fopkj/kkjk
The concept that “an accountant shouldn‟t anticipate prof
it, but must provide for all losses‟ is known as
(a) The conservatism concept
(b) The consistency concept
(c) The materiality concept
(d) The reduction concept
19. Prudence dh vo/kkj.kk ds vk/kkj] vfUre LVkWd dk ewY;kadu ykxr ;k-------------- tks
Hkh de gks
(a) cktkj ewY;
(b) ys[kkadu ewY;
(c) izeki ewY;
(d) 'kq) olwyh ewY;
According to the prudence concept, closing stock be
valued at cost or whichever is less.
(a) Market Price
(b) Accounting Price
(c) Standard Price
(d) Net Realizable Value
20. Hkkoh gkfu;ksa ds fy;s vk;kstu rFkk Hkkoh ykHkksa ij fopkj ugha fd;k tkrk ;g fdl
vo/kkj.kk ds Åij vk/kkfjr gS\
(a) fujUrjrk
(b) :f<+okfnrk
(c) izdVhdj.k
(d) feyku
The policy of “anticipate no profit and provide for all
possible losses” arises due to convention of?
(a) Consistency
(b) Conservation
(c) Disclosure
(d) Matching
21. ykxr vFkok cktkj ewY;] tks Hkh de gks] ij jgfr;s dk ewY;kadu fd;k tkrk gS] og--
--------------ij vk/kkfjr gSA
(a) lÙkk vo/kkj.kk
(b) eqnzk ekiu vo/kkj.kk
(c) miktZu vo/kkj.kk
(d) ijEijkxr vo/kkj.kk
Stock is valued at cost or market value, whichever is less,
Is based on
(a) Entity concept
(c) Accrual concept
(d) Conservatism
22. 'kq}olwyh ewY; ij ;k ykxr ewY; ij] tks Hkh de gks] O;kikfjd jgfr;s dk ewY;kadu---
-------------ijEijk dk ,d mnkgj.k gS&
(a) iqjkruoknh
(b) lrrrk
(c) nksgjk igyw
(d) mijksDr lHkh
Valuing the stock in trade at net realizable value or cost
price whichever is lower, is an example of the convention:
(a) Conservation
(b) Consistency
(c) Dual aspect
23. nsunkj 50,000 :- ds gSa] fdl ekU;rk ds vuqlkj v'kks/; _.k ds fy, 5%
izko/kku cuk;k tk ldrk gS\
(a) :f<+okfnrk
(b) feyku
(c) miktZu
(d) f}&igyw
Debtors – Rs. 50,000. A provision for bad debt is created
@5% according to which concept?
(a) Conservatism
(b) Matching
(c) Accrual
(d) Dual Aspect
24. ,d O;olk;h us 25,00,000 :- dk eky [kjhnk rFkk ,sls eky dks 80% 31 ekpZ]
2011 dks lekIr gksus ys[kkdau o"kZ ds nkSjku csp fn;kA 'ks"k eky dk cktkj ewY;
dsoy 4,00,000 :- gSA mlus vfUre LVkWd dk ewY;kadu ykxr ij fd;kA mlus
fdl vo/kkj.kk dk mYya?ku fd;k gSA
(a) eqnzk ekikadu (b) :f<+okfnrk
(c) ykxr (d) vof/k
A businessman purchased goods for Rs. 25,00,000 and
sold 80% of such goods during the accounting year ended
31st March, 2011. The market value of the remaining
goods was Rs. 4,00,000. He valued the closing stock at
cost. He violated the concept of:
(a) Money measurement (b) Conservatism
(c) Cost (d) Periodicity
25. fn[kkoVh lkt&lTtk ls vk'k; gS%
(a) ys[kkadu dks lqUnjrk ls izLrqr djuk
(b) vk; dj dh cpr gsrq vf/kd O;; dks fn[kkuk
(c) fofu;ksDrkvksa dks vkdf"kZr djus gsrq vf/kd ykHk fn[kkuk
(d) mi;qZDr lHkh
Window dressing of Accounts means:

(a) Presenting accounts in beautiful manner
(b) Showing more losses to avoid Income tax
(c) Showing more profits to attract Investment
26. :f<okfnrk dh ladYiuk tc fpV~Bs esa ykxw dh tkrh gS rks iSnk dj nsrh gS%
(a) lEifÙk;ksa dk voewY;u
(b) lEifÙk;ksa dk vf/kewY;u
(c) iw¡th dks vf/kd fn[kkuk
(d) iw¡th dks de fn[kkuk
The concept of conservatism when applied to the balance

sheet result in:
(a) Understatement of assets
(b) Overstatement of assets
(c) Overstatement of capital
(d) Understatement of capital
27. fdl vo/kkj.kk ds vUrxZr lafnX/k nkf;Ro dks fpV~Bs ds uhps QqVuksV ds :i esa
fn[kkrs gSa\
(a) egRoiw.kZrk laca/kh vo/kkj.kk
(b) vfHkO;fDr
(c) olwyh vo/kkj.kk
(d) f}i{kh vo/kkj.kk
Contingent liabilities are shown in footnote of Balance
Sheet as per which concept?
(a) Materiality
(b) Disclosure
(c) Realization
(d) Dual Aspect
28. fuos'k dk cktkj ewY; vkfFkZd fpV~Bs ds uhps ,d QqVuksV ds :i esa fn[kk;k x;k gS&
(a) fLFkjrk dh vo/kkj.kk
(b) izdVhdj.k dh vo/kkj.kk
(c) lkjrk dh vo/kkj.kk
(d) lrr laLFkku dh vo/kkj.kk
Market value of Investment is shown as a footnote to

balance sheet according to:
(a) Consistency concept
(b) Disclosure concept
(c) Materiality concept
(d) Going concern concept
29. ys[kkadu fooj.kksa esa vkdfLed nkf;Roksa ds ckjs esa visf.Max uksV ds vH;kl ds vuqlkj
esa gS&
(a) fLFkjrk dh ijEijk
(b) iSlseki dh vo/kkj.kk
(c) :f<+okn dh ijEijk
(d) izdVhdj.k dh ijEijk
The practice of appending notes regarding contingent
liabilities in accounting statements is in pursuant to:
(a) Convention of consistency
(c) Convention of conservatism
(d) Convention of disclosure
30. iSlksa dks NksM+uk vkSj vkfFkZd fooj.kksa esa iw.kkZad ds :i esa O;Dr djuk gksrk gSA
(a) :f<+oknh vo/kkj.kk
(b) lrrrk dh vo/kkj.kk
(c) lkjrk vo/kkj.kk
(d) olwyh vo/kkj.kk
Omission of paise and showing the round figures in

financial statements is bases on:
(a) Conservatism concept
(b) Consistency concept
(c) Materiality concept
(d) Realization concept
31. ;fn ,d miØe ekpZ 2005 ls vius O;olk; dks cUn djus dk izLrko djrk gS rFkk
viuh lHkh lEifÙk;ksa dks 4 ekg dh vof/k ds Hkhrj csp Mkyus dk fu.kZ; ysrk gS] ekpZ
31, 2005 dks vkfFkZd fpV~Bk dh lEifÙk;ksa dks muds--------------ij fn[kkuk pkfg,A
(a) ,sfrgkfld ykxr (b) 'kq) olwy djus ;ksX; ewY;
(c) ykxr ?kVk;k âkl (d) ykxr ewY; vFkok cktkj ewY;] tks Hkh de gks
31. If a concern proposes to discontinue Its business from
March 2010 and decides to dispose off all its assets within
a period of 4 months, the Balance Sheet as on March 31,
2005 should Indicate the assets at their
(a) Historical cost
(b) Net realizable value
(c) Cost less depreciation
(d) Cost price or market value, whichever is lower
32. izk;% ;g ekuk tkrk gS fd O;olk; fudV iwokZuqeku;ksX; Hkfo"; esa fo?kfVr ugha
gksxk&
(a) vkof/kdrk ds dkj.k
(b) egRoiw.kZrk ds dkj.k
(c) feyku ds dkj.k
(d) pkyw m|e ds dkj.k
It is generally assumed that the business will not liquidate
in the near foreseeable future because of ______concept.
(a) Periodicity.
(b) Materiality.
(c) Matching.
(d) Going concern.
33. LFkk;h ,oa pkyw lEifÙk;ksa dks fdl vo/kkj.kk esa lewghd`r djrk gS\
(a) i`Fkd vfLrRo
(b) lqnh?kZ laLFkku
(c) lrrrk
(d) vof/k
Fixed assets and current assets are categorized as per

concept of?
(a) Separate entity
(b) Going concern
(c) Consistency
(d) Time period
34. 1-04-2005 dks ,d Hkou] 4,00,000 :- esa Ø; fd;k x;k Fkk 31 ekpZ] 2006
dks bldk 'kq) olwy gksus ;ksX; ewY; 5,00,000 :- FkkA 31 ekpZ] 2006 dh
iqLrdksa esa fn[kk;k tkus okyk Hkou dk ewY; gksxk&
(a) ykxr dher (b) 'kq) olwy gksus ;ksX; dher
(c) ykxr ;k 'kq) olwy gksus ;ksX; ewY; esa ls tks U;wu gks
(d) ykxr ;k 'kq) olwy gksus ;ksX; ewY; esa ls tks vf/kd gks
A building was purchased for Rs. 4,00,000 on 1.04.2009.
31st March 2010, Its net realizable value was Rs. 5,00,000.
The value of building to be shown in the books as on 31st
March, 2010 will be
(a) Cost price (b) Net realizable value
(c) Cost or Net realizable value whichever is less
(d) Cost or Net realizable value whichever is more
35. ekuoh; lalk/kuksa dks fuEu vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k fpVBs esa iznf'kZr ugha fd;k tk ldrk
(a) olwyh
(b) :f<+okfnrk
(c) lqnh?kZ laLFkku
(d) eqnzk ekiu
Human resources can‟t be shown in Balance Sheet be

cause of__________ concept.
(a) Realization
(b) Conservatism
(c) Going concern
(d) Money Measurement
36. eqnzk ekiu vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj] djsUlh laO;ogkj ,oa ?kVuk,¡ [kkrk iqLrdksa esa fy[kh tkrh gSa&
(a) ns'k dh izHkkoh eqnzk esa ftlesa laO;ogkj gksrk gSA
(b) ns'k dh izHkkoh eqnzk esa ftlesa [kkrk iqLrdsa rS;kj dh tkrh gSaA
(c) foÙk ea=ky; }kjk r; djsUlh esaA
(d) ljdkj }kjk r; djsUlh esaA
According to money measurement concept, currency
transactions and events are recorded in the books of accounts
(a) In the ruling currency of the country in which
transaction takes place.
(b) In the ruling currency of the country in which books of
account are prepared.
(c) In the currency set by the ministry of finance.
(d) In the currency set by the Govt.
37. ekuoh; lEifÙk;ksa dk ys[kkadu vfHkys[kksa esa dksbZ LFkku ugha j[krk gS] ;g-----------------ij
vk/kkfjr gSA
(a) eqnk ekiu vo/kkj.kk
(b) miktZu vo/kkj.kk
(c) LFkkf;Ro
(d) ijEijkoknh
Human assets have been no place in accounting records
is based on
(b) Accrual concept
(c) Consistency
(d) Conservatism
38. fdl vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj dsoy mUgha ysunsuksa dks fjdkWMZ fd;k tkrk gS ftudks eqnzk
ds :i esa ekik tk ldrk gS\
(a) O;olkf;d vfLrRo
(b) f}igyw
(c) eqnzk ekikadu
(d) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA
Which concept requires that those transactions which can
be expressed in terms of money should be recorded in
books of account?
(a) Business Entity
(b) Dual Aspect
(c) Money measurement
(d) None of these
39. fnYyh ds X us psUubZ ds Y ls 10,00,000 yk[k #i;s esa ,d e'khujh Ø; dh
mlus 2,00,000 yk[k #i;s xkM+h HkkM+k rFkk 1,00,000 #i;s mRikn 'kqYd ds
pqdk;s og e'khujh dks O;olk; ds miHkksx ds fy;s dke esa ykrk gSA ys[kk vof/k ds
vUr esa 1,50,000 #i;s ewY; dk ewY; âkl pktZ fd;k x;k vuqekfur cktkj ewY;
15,00,000 #i;s gSA ys[kk vof/k ds vUr esa e'khu dks fpVBs esa fdl ewY; ij
fn[kk;k tkuk pkfg;s\
(a) 13,00,000 #i;s
(b) 13,50,000 #i;s
(c) 11,50,000 #i;s
(d) 15,00,000 #i;s
39. X of Delhi purchased a machinery from Y of Chennai for
Rs. 10,00,000. He paid freight of Rs. 2,00,000 and excise
duty of Rs. 1,00,000. He used the machinery in his
business. At the end of the year he charged depreciation
Rs. 1,50,000. The market value of the machine was
estimated at Rs. 15,00,000. At what value the machinery
should be shown in the balance sheet at the year end be
shown in the balance sheet at the year end
(a) Rs. 13,00000
(b) Rs. 13,50,000
(c) Rs. 11,50,000
(d) Rs. 1500,000
40. vkj ih th fy- us 1 vizsy 2005 dks 50000 :- esa ih D;w vkj fy- ls midj.k
Ø; fd;kA lEifÙk dks dkj[kkus rd ykus esa 2000 :- ekyHkkM+k rFkk xkM+h O;;
fd;k x;k rFkk bldk mísf';r mi;ksx lEHko cukus gsrq 3000 :- LFkkiuk ij O;;
fd;s x;sA 31 vizSy] 2006 dks e'khujh dk cktkj ewY; 60000 :- gS rFkk dEiuh
dk ys[kkdkj foÙkh; fooj.ki=ksa esa e'khujh ds 60000 :- izdV djuk pkgrk gSA
ijUrq] vads{kd bl ckr ij tksj nsrk gS fd e'khujh dk ewY;kadu 55000 :-
¼50000+2000+3000) gksuk pkfg,A
(a) eqnzk ekiu fl)kUr ds vuqlkj
(b) ,sfrgkfld ykxr vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj
(c) iw.kZ izdVhdj.k fl)kUr ds vuqlkj
(d) vkxe ekU;rk ds vuqlkj
40. RPG Ltd. purchased equipment from PQR Ltd. for
Rs.50,000 on 1st April, 2009. The freight and cartage of
Rs.2,000 is spent to bring the asset to the factory and
Rs.3,000 is incurred on installing the equipment to make It
possible for the intended use. The market price of
machinery on 31st April, 2010 is Rs.60,000 and the
accountant of the company wants to disclose the
machinery at Rs.60,000 in financial statements. However,
the auditor emphasizes that the machinery should be
valued at Rs.55,000 (50,000+2,000+3,000) according to:
(a) Money measurement principle.
(b) Historical cost concept.
(c) Full disclosure principle.
(d) Revenue recognition.
41. SYZ fyfeVsM] o’kZ nj o"kZ âkl dh Øekxr fof/k dk iz;ksx djrs gSAa fuEu dkj.k ls%
(a) fujUrjrk
(b) lqfo/kk
(c) rqyuh;rk
(d) :f<+okfnrk
SYZ Ltd. follows the written down value method for

depreciating machinery year after year due to
(a) Consistency
(b) Convenience
(c) Comparability
(d) Conservatism
42. ,d ckj viuk;h x;h ys[kkadu uhfr;k¡ ifjofrZr ugha dh tkrh tc rd fd ,sls
ifjorZu dh vR;Ur vko';drk u gks] ;g vk/kkfjr gS&
(b) miktZu vo/kkj.kk ij
(c) LFkkf;Ro
(d) ijEijkxr
The accounting policies once adopted are not changed
unless there is an urgent need for such change is based on
(b) Accrual concept
(c) Consistency
(d) Conservation
43. ys[kkadu uhfr;k¡ ,d vof/k ls nwljh vof/k rd fujUrj vuqlj.k dh tkrh gSa ds
dkj.k%
(a) fujUrjrk
(b) miktZu
(c) feyku
(d) mijksDr lHkh
The accounting policies are followed consistently from
one period to another due to:
(a) Consistency concept
(b) Accrual concept
(c) Matching concept
44. ys[kkdau uhfr esa ifjorZu mfpr Bgjk;k tkrk gS&
(a) ys[kkadu ekun.M ds ikyu esa
(b) miØe ds foÙkh; fooj.kksa dh vkSj vf/kd mi;qDr izLrqfr lqfuf'pr djus ds fy,
(c) lfUu;e dh rkehy esa
(d) mijksDr lHkh
A change in accounting policy Is Justified

(a) To comply with accounting standard
(b) To ensure more appropriate presentation of the
financial statement of the enterprise
(c) To comply with law
(d) All of the above.
45. ,d miØe ds vkfFkZd thou dks-------------ds vuqlkj vkof/kd vUrjky esa ck¡Vk tkrk gSA
(a) eqnzk eki vo/kkj.kk
(b) feyku vo/kkj.kk
(c) vof/k vo/kkj.kk
(d) mikftZr vo/kkj.kk
Economic life of an enterprise is spilt into the periodic

interval as per ________ concept.
(a) Money Measurement.
(b) Matching.
(c) Periodicity.
(d) Accrual.
46. -----------------dk ikyu djds ,d o"kZ dh vof/k ds fy, ykHk gkfu [kkrk cuk;k tkrk gSA
(a) dkyc)rk vof/k fopkj/kkjk
(b) O;olk; lÙkk fopkj/kkjk
(c) mikftZr fopkj/kkjk
Profit and Loss account is prepared for a period of one

year by following
(a) Periodicity concept
(b) Business entity concept
(c) Accrual concept
47. ,d ys[kkadu vof/k ds O;;ksa dk fu/kkZj.k vk/kkfjr gksrk gS&
(a) fo"k;fu"Brk ds fl)kUr ij
(b) okLrfodrk ds fl)kUr ij
(c) feyku ds fl)kUr ij
(d) vkof/kdrk ds fl)kUr ij
The determination of expenses for an accounting period

is based on the principle of
(a) Objectivity.
(b) Materiality.
(a) Matching.
(d) Periodicity.
48. fe- v'kksd 20,000 :- Hkqxrku djds 50,000 :- dk diM+k [kjhnrs gSaA miktZu
vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj O;; dh jkf'k D;k gS\
(a) 50,000 :-
(b) 20,000 :-
(c) 30,000 :-
(d) dqN ugha
Mr. Ashok buys clothing of Rs. 50,000 paying cash Rs.
20,000. What is the amount of expense as per the accrual
concept?
(a) Rs. 50,000.
(b) Rs. 20,000.
(c) Rs. 30,000.
(d) Nil
49. ^xzkgd ls izkIr vfxze dks foØ; ds :i esa ugha fy;k tkrk gSa vk/kkfjr gS&
(b) miktZu vo/kkj.kk ij
(c) LFkkf;Ro vo/kkj.kk ij
(d) ijEijk vo/kkj.kk ij
Advance received from customers is not taken as sale‟ is

based on
(b) Accrual concept
(c) Consistency concept
(d) Conservation
50. ,d ys[kkadu vof/k gsrq O;;ksa dk fu/kkZj.k vk/kkfjr gksrk gS&
(a) mís';ijdrk ds fl)kUr ij
(b) egRoiw.kZrk ds fl)kUr ij
(c) feyku ds fl)kUr ij
(d) vkof/kdrk ds fl)kUr ij
The determination of expenses for an accounting period is

based on the principle of:
(a) Objectivity
(b) Materiality
(c) Matching
(d) Periodicity
51. miktZu vo/kkj.kk esa ysunsuksa o ?kVukvksa dk izHkko fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkrk gS%
(a) udn vk/kkj ij
(b) miktZu vk/kkj ij
(c) lkekU; vk/kkj ij
(d) mijksDr lHkh
Under accrual concept, the effects of transactions and

other events are recognised on:
(a) Cash basis
(b) Mercantile basis
(c) Normal basis
52. o"kZ 2005 ds nkSjku eksgu us 1500000 :- esa eky [kjhnk rFkk 4/5 eky
1800000 :- esa csp fn;k rFkk 270000 :- ds O;;ksa dk Hkqxrku fd;kA mlus
fnlEcj 2004 ds fo|qr fcy dk 5000 :- Hkqxrku fd;k rFkk ekg tuojh 2006
gsrq 15000 :- vfxze osru fn;kA mlus 350000 :- 'kq) ykHk dh x.kuk dhA
mlds }kjk x.kuk fd;k x;k ykHk lgh gS&
(a) vfLrRo vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj
(b) vkof/kdrk vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj
(c) feyku vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj
(d) ijEijkokn vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj
52. Mohan purchased goods for Rs.15,00,000 and sold 4/5th
of the goods amounting Rs.18,00,000 and paid expenses
amounting Rs.2,70,000 during the year, 2009. He paid Re.
6000 for an electricity bill of Dec. 2008 and advance
salaries amounting Rs.15,000 was paid for the month of
Jan. 2010. He counted net profit as Rs.3,50,000.
The profit calculated by him is correct according to
(a) Entity concept.
(b) Periodicity concept.
(c) Matching concept.
(d) Conservatism concept.
53. vnÙk [kpsZ lky ds vUr esa ykHk&gkfu [kkrs esa fn[kk;s tkrs gSaA ;s fdl vo/kkj.kk ds
vuqlkj gSa\
(a) feyku
(b) iw.kZ izdVhdj.k
(c) miktZu
(d) lqnh?kZ laLFkku
Outstanding expenses is included in Profit & Loss A/c at
the year end according to which concept?
(a) Matching
(b) Full Disclosure
(c) Accrual
(d) Going Concern
54. mRiknksa ds foØ; ls vkxe dks lkekU;r% ml vof/k esa olwy fd;k tkrk gS ftlesa%
(a) jksdM+ olwy dh tkrh gSA
(b) foØ; fd;k tkrk gSA
(c) mRiknksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k tkrk gSA
(d) mijksDr esa dksbZ ughaA
Revenue from sale of products, Is generally, realized in the

period in which:
(a) Cash is collected
(b) Sale is made
(c) Products are manufactured
55. ewy ys[kkadu izdYiuk,a gSa&
(a) okLrfodrk
(b) O;olk; dk vfLrRo
(c) pkyw m|e
(d) f}i{k
Fundamental accounting assumptions are

(a) Materiality.
(b) Business entity.
(c) Going concern.
(d) Dual aspect
56. vk/kkjHkwr ys[kkadu ekU;rk,¡ gSa&
(a) pkyw miØe
(b) miktZu
(c) LFkkf;Ro
(d) lHkh rhuksa
Fundamental accounting assumptions are

(a) Going concern
(b) Accrual
(c) Consistency
(d) All of the three.
57. vk/kkjHkwr ys[kkadu ekU;rk,¡ gS%
(a) lqnh?kZ laLFkku] :f<+okfnrk] miktZu
(b) lqnh?kZ laLFkku] feyku] lrrrk
(c) lqnh?kZ laLFkku] lrrrk] miktZu
(d) lqnh?kZ laLFkku] lÙkk] vof/k
Fundamental Accounting Assumptions are:

(a) Going Concern, Conservation, Accrual
(b) Going Concern, matching, consistency
(c) Going Concern, Consistency, Accrual
(d) Going Concern, entity, Periodicity
58. buesa ls dkSu ,d vk/kkjHkwr ys[kkadu ekU;rk ugha gSa%
(a) lqnh?kZ laLFkku
(b) lrrrk
(c) :f<+okfnrk
(d) miktZu
Which of these are is not a fundamental accounting

assumption?
(a) Going concern
(b) Consistency
(c) Conservatism
(d) Accrual
59. lwph I dks lwph II ds lkFk lqesfyr dhft, vkSj lwfp;ksa ds uhps fn, gq, dwV ds
vk/kkj ij lgh mÙkj dk pquko djsa
lwph I lwph II
A- l;q¡Dr thou chek ikWfylh dks 1- fujUrjrk dh vo/kkj.kk
leiZ.k ewY; ij fn[kkuk
B- deZpkfj;ksa fd lewg Hkkouk rFkk 2- ykxr vo/kkj.kk
drZO; fu"Bk dks ys[kk iqLrdksa esa
ntZ ugha fd;k tk ldrk
C- ºkl] LdU/k ewY;kadu dh fof/k esa 3- :f<+okfnrk vo/kkj.kk
fujUrj ifjorZu ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,
D- LFkkbZ lEifÙk;ksa dks ,sfrgkfld ykxr 4- eqnzk ekikadu vo/kkj.k
?kVk,¡ âkl ij fn[kk;k tkuk pkfg,A
dwV (A) (B) (C) (D)
(a) 3 4 1 2 (b) 3 4 2 1
(c) 4 3 1 2 (d) 4 3 2 1
59. Match list I with II and select the correct answer
List-I List-II
(A) Showing joint life policy 1. Concept of consistency
at surrender value
(B) Team spirit and dedication 2. Concept of cost
of employees are not recorded
in the books of accounts
(C) Methods of depreciation and 3. Concept of conservatism
inventory valuation should not
be changed frequently
(D) Fixed assets are recorded 4. Concept of money
at cost less depreciation measurement
Codes: (A) (B) (C) (D)
(a) 3 4 1 2 (b) 3 4 2 1
(c) 4 3 1 2 (d) 4 3 2 1
60. buesa ls dkSulk dFku vlR; gS%
(a) ys[kkadu fl)kUr okLrfod ekU;rkvksa ij vk/kkfjr gksus pkfg,A
(b) ys[kkadu fl)kUr mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks lwpuk nsus okys gksus pkfg,A
(c) ys[kkadu fl)kUr ljy le>us ;ksX; o.kZukRed gksus pkfg,A
(d) ys[kkadu fl)kUr o"kZ izfro"kZ ifjofrZr gksus pkfg,A
Which of the following statement is false?

(a) Accounting principles should be based on real assumptions
(b) Accounting principles should be informational for the users
(c) Accounting principles must be simple, understandable
and explanatory
(d) Accounting principles should be changed year after year
Answer Key
1 C 2 C 3 D 4 C 5 B
6 A 7 C 8 A 9 A 10 C
11 C 12 C 13 B 14 C 15 C
16 D 17 B 18 A 19 D 20 B
21 D 22 A 23 A 24 B 25 C
26 A 27 B 28 B 29 D 30 C
31 B 32 D 33 B 34 A 35 D
36 B 37 A 38 C 39 C 40 B
41 A 42 C 43 A 44 D 45 C
46 A 47 C 48 A 49 B 50 C
51 B 52 C 53 A 54 B 55 C
56 D 57 C 58 C 59 A 60 D
cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k
Bank Reconciliation Statement (BRS)
 BRS ,d fooj.k gS, [kkrk ugha gSA

 bLkdk fuekZ.k ,sfPNd gS vfuok;Z ugha gSA
 ;g ,d Lej.kkFkZ fooj.k (Memorandum statement) gSA
 ;g foÙkh; fooj.k dk Òkx ugha gSA
 BRS dk fuekZ.k O;kikj/xzkgd/[kkrk/kkjd }kjk fd;k tkrk gS, cSad ds }kjk ughaA
 BRS dk fuekZ.k O;kikj dh LosPNk ij dÒh Òh fd;k tk Lkdrk gSA
 ,d O;kikj dk cSad esa O;kikj ds –f"Vd¨.k Lks pkyw [kkrk (Current Account)
g¨rk gSA
 cSad O;kikj Lkaca/kh ysunsuä dk ys[kk/[kr©uh ikLk cqd esa djrk gSA
 ikLkcqd dk nwLkjk uke cSad fooj.k (Bank Statement) gS, bLkdk fuekZ.k cSd a
}kjk fd;k tkrk gSA
 O;kikj cSad LkEcU/kh ysunsuä dk ys[kk j[kus ds fy;s j¨dM+ cgh j[krk gSA
 bLk j¨dM+ esa rhu [kkus g¨rs gSa- j¨dM+ d‚ye, cSad d‚ye, cÍk d‚ye A
 O;kikj cSad LkEcU/kh ysunsuä dk ys[kk j¨dM+ cgh ds cSad d‚ye esa djrk gSA
 BRS j¨dM+ cgh ds cSad d‚ye rFkk ikLk cqd ds chp vUrjä dk Lkek/kku djrk gSA
 tc Òh cSd a xzkgd ds [kkrs d¨ MsfcV djrk gS r¨ bLkdk vFkZ ;g gS fd xzkgd ds cSad
[kkrs Lks /ku de g¨ jgk gSA v©j tc Òh cSad xzkgd ds [kkrs d¨ ØsfMV djrk gS r¨
bLkdk vFkZ ;g gS fd cSad [kkrs esa /ku c<+ jgk gSA
 BRS esa dsoy vUrjä dk gh Lkek/kku fd;k tkrk gSA
 ;fn fdLkh [kkrs d¨ MsfcV ds LFkku ij xyrh Lks ØsfMV fd;k tk;s ;k ØsfMV ds LFkku
ij xyrh Lks MsfcV fd;k tk;s r¨ ys[kkadu ij bLkdk n¨gjh jkf'k Lks ÁÒko iM+sxk
v©j ;fn jkf'k;k¡ vyx&vyx gSa r¨ mUgsa t¨M+ nsaxsA
 vxj xyrh Lks fdLkh O;ogkj dh [kr©uh n¨ ckj g¨ tk;s r¨ mLkdk Lkq/kkj dsoy ,d
ckj dh jkf'k Lks djsaxsA
 vuqdwy 'ks"k j¨dM+ cgh dk MsfcV rFkk ikLk cqd dk ØsfMVA
 Áfrdwy 'ks"k j¨dM+ cgh dk ØsfMV rFkk ikLk cqd dk MsfcVA
Lkek;¨ftr j¨dM+ cgh (Adjusted Cash Book)
 o"kZ ds vUr esa cukbZ tkrh gSA
 j¨dM+ cgh ds i'pkr curh gS ysfdu BRS Lks igysA
 bLkesa dsoy j¨dM+ cgh dh Òwy rFkk v'kqf) dk Lkq/kkj fd;k tkrk gS] ikl cqd dh Hkwy
rFkk v'kqf) ughaA
 bLkh Lkek;¨ftr j¨dM+ cgh ds 'ks"k d¨ o"kZ ds vUr esa B/S rFkk ryiV esa fn[kk;k
tkrk gSA
 bLkh Lkek;¨ftr j¨dM+ cgh ds 'ks"k Lks BRS cuk;k tk;sxkA
Note:- Lkk/kkj.kr;k fuEu n¨ O;ogkj ,sLks gSa ftudk ys[kk/[kr©uh Posting igys j¨dM+
cgh esa dh tkrh gS v©j ckn esa tc ;s cSad ds ikLk igq¡prs gSa rc budk ys[kk cSad
ds }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA
(1) pSd tek djk;s@oLkwyh ds fy;s Òsts@Lkaxzg ds fy, Òsts (Cheque
Deposited but not collected by Bank) : vFkkZr xzkgd Lks ÁkIr pSd
d¨ O;kikj igys j¨dM+ cgh esa cSd
a d‚ye esa tek djrk gS mLkLks j¨dM+ cgh esa /ku c<+
tkrk gSA
(2) pSd fuxZfer@dkVs@tkjh fd;s (Cheque issued but not presented
in Bank) : tc O;kikj Òqxrku ds fy;s pSd dkVrk gS r¨ bLkdk ys[kk igys j¨dM+
cgh esa cSad d‚ye esa fd;k tkrk gS ,sLkk djus Lks j¨dM+ cgh esa /ku de g¨ tkrk gSA
Note:- bu n¨ O;ogkjä ds vykok vU; LkÒh O;ogkjä dk LkoZÁFke ys[kk cSad }kjk ikLkcqd
esa fd;k tkrk gSA fQj j¨dM+ cgh d¨ bLkdh Lkwpuk ÁkIr güs ij og bLkdk ys[kk
djsxkA
tSLks-
• cSad us C;kt fn;kA
• cSad us C;kt oLkwy fd;kA
• cSad us cSad ÁÒkj dkVkA
• ,d xzkgd us Lkh/ks gh cSad [kkrs esa /ku tek djk;kA
Note:- BRS dk fuekZ.k j¨dM+ cgh rFkk ikLkcqd 'ks"kä esa Lks fdLkh ds Òh 'ks"k Lks ÁkjaÒ
fd;k tk Lkdrk gSA
oLrqfu"B Á'u
1. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k gS&
(a) j¨dM+ cgh dk ,d Òkx
(b) cSad [kkrs dk ,d Òkx
(c) foÙkh; fooj.kä dk ,d Òkx
(d) buesa Lks d¨bZ ugha
2. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k cuk;k tkrk gS&

(a) ys[kk o"kZ ds vUr esa
(b) vfUre [kkrs cukus Lks igys
(c) dÒh Òh O;oLkk;h dh bPNkuqLkkj
3. ,d cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k gS&
(a) ikLk cqd dk fgLLkk
(b) cSad }kjk cuk;k x;k fooj.k
(c) j¨dM+ cgh dk j¨dM+ [kkus Lks feyku
(d) xzkgd }kjk cuk;k x;k fooj.k
4. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k cuk;k tkrk gS&

(a) cSad }kjk
(b) nsunkj }kjk
(c) ysunkj }kjk
(d) [kkrk/kkjdä }kjk
(a) ,d Lej.kkFkZ fooj.k
(b) ,d [kkrk
(c) j¨dM+ iqLrd dk ,d Òkx

(a) ikLk cqd dk fgLLkk
(b) cSad }kjk cuk;k x;k fooj.k
(c) j¨dM+ cgh ds j¨dM+ d‚ye Lks Lkacaf/kr
(d) xzkgd }kjk cuk;k x;k fooj.k
7. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k fdLkdh Lkgk;rk Lks rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS\
(a) cSad fooj.k rFkk j¨dM+ cgh dk cSad [kkuk
(b) cSad fooj.k rFkk j¨dM+ cgh dk j¨dM+ [kkuk
(c) j¨dM+ cgh dk cSad [kkuk rFkk j¨dM+ cgh dk j¨dM+ [kkuk
8. j¨dM+ cgh esa ØsfMV 'ks"k dk vk'k;--------------------- gS&

(a) ikLk cqd ds vuqLkkj vf/kfod"kZ
(b) ikLk cqd ds vuqLkkj vuqdwy 'ks"k
(c) (a) ,oa (b) nüä
(d) mij¨ä esa Lks d¨bZ ugha
9. j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj ,d vuqdwy 'ks"k dk vFkZ gS&
(a) j¨dM+ cgh ds cSad [kkus dk MsfcV 'ks"k
(b) ikLk cqd ds vuqLkkj MsfcV 'ks"k
(c) j¨dM+ cgh ds cSad [kkus dk ØsfMV 'ks"k
(d) mi;qZä esa Lks d¨bZ ugha
10. tekdrkZ dh j¨dM+ cgh esa ,d MsfcV 'ks"k d¨ fdLk #i esa fn[kk;k
tk;sxk\
(a) cSad fooj.k esa ,d MsfcV 'ks"k
(b) cSad fooj.k esa ,d ØsfMV 'ks"k
(c) cSad fooj.k esa ,d vf/kfod"kZ 'ks"k
(d) mij¨ä esa d¨bZ ughaA
11. cSad ikLk cqd d¨ ----------------------ds #i esa Òh tkuk tkrk gS&
(a) cSad iqLrd
(b) cSad [kkrk
(c) cSad [kkuk
(d) cSad fooj.ki=
12. cSad fooj.k----------------------dh Áfr g¨rk gS&

(a) j¨dM+ cgh ds j¨dM+ [kkus esa
(b) j¨dM+ cgh ds cSad [kkus
(c) cSad dh iqLrd esa xzkgd dk [kkrk
(d) mij¨ä esa d¨bZ ugha
13. cSad vf/kfod"kZ dk g¨rk gS&
(a) MsfcV 'ks"k
(b) ØsfMV 'ks"k
(c) _.kkRed 'ks"k
14. ikLk cqd ds vuqLkkj MsfcV 'ks"k dk vFkZ gS&

(a) j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj cSad vf/kfod"kZ
(b) ikLk cqd esa MsfcV 'ks"k
(c) cSad ds ikLk j¨dM+ 'ks"k
15. Áfrdwy cSad 'ks"k dk vFkZ gS&
(a) j¨dM+ cgh dk ØsfMV 'ks"k
(b) ikLk cqd dk ØsfMV 'ks"k
(c) j¨dM+ cgh dk MsfcV 'ks"k
(d) j¨dM+ cgh esa vuqdwy 'ks"k
16. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k vUrj ds dkj.kä d¨ tkuus gsrq rS;kj fd;k tkrk
gS&
(a) j¨dM+ cgh ds j¨dM+ [kkus ds vuqLkkj 'ks"kä rFkk ikLk cqd ds e/;
(b) j¨dM+ cgh ds cSad [kkus ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k rFkk ikLk cqd ds e/;
(c) j¨dM+ cgh ds cSad [kkus ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k rFkk j¨dM+ cgh ds j¨dM+ [kkus ds vuqLkkj
'ks"kä ds e/;
17. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k--------------------g¨rk gS&
(a) j¨dM+ cgh dk Òkx
(b) j¨dM+ cgh rFkk ikLkcqd ds 'ks"k ds chp vUrj ds dkj.kä dk crkus okyk ,d
fooj.k
18. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k---------------esa Lks fdLkh ds 'ks"kä Lks cuk;k tkrk gS&
(a) ikLkcqd
(b) j¨dM+ cgh
(c) nüä (a) ;k (b)
(a) ikLk cqd dk ,d Òkx
(b) cSad }kjk fuÆer ,d fooj.k
(c) j¨dM+ cgh ds j¨dM+ [kkus Lks LkEcfU/kr
(d) xzkgd }kjk fuÆer ,d fooj.k
20. buesa Lks fdLk Ádkj dh v'kqf) d¨ cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k Lks ugha Kkr fd;k
tk Lkdrk\
(a) j¨dfM+;s }kjk j¨dM+ dk xcu
(b) pSd tek djk;k ysfdu cSad }kjk ØsfMV ugha fd;k x;k
(c) j¨dM+ cgh ds cSad [kkus esa ;¨x dh xyrh
(d) C;kt ;k deh'ku cSad }kjk pktZ fd;k x;k ysfdu j¨dM+ cgh esa ys[kk ugha fd;k
x;kA
21. ,d cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k g¨rk gS&
(a) j¨dM+ cgh dk ,d Òkx
(b) cSad [kkrs dk ,d Òkx
22. ,d cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k d¨ fdLkdh Lkgk;rk Lks rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS\
(a) cSad fooj.k rFkk j¨dM+ cgh dk cSad [kkuk
(b) cSad fooj.k rFkk j¨dM+ cgh dk jksdM+ [kkuk
(c) j¨dM+ cgh dk cSad [kkuk rFkk j¨dM+ cgh dk j¨dM+ [kkuk
23. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k d¨----------------------}kjk rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) cSad
(b) Lkjdkj
(c) cSad [kkrk/kkjd
(d) foÙkh; fooj.kä ds mi;¨xdrkZ
24. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k ds fuEu fof'k"V y{k.k g¨rs fLkok; :

(a) pSdä dh fudkLkh esa d¨bZ vuko';d nsjh Lkek/kku }kjk ÁnÆ'kr dh tk LkdsxhA
(b) Lkek/kku fooj.k d¨bZ diV djus okys O;fä d¨ <w¡<us esa Lkgk;rk djsxkA
(c) Lkek/kku cSadLkZ }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA
(d) ;g cSad 'ks"k dh Lkgh fLFkfr ikus esa enn djrk gSA
25. Áfrdwy cSad 'ks"k dk rkRi;Z gS&
(a) j¨dM+ iqLrd esa MsfcV 'ks"k
(b) j¨dM+ iqLrd esa ØsfMV 'ks"k
(c) ikLk cqd esa ØsfMV
26. tc cSad Lks #i;k fudkyk tkrk gS r¨ cSad xzkgd ds [kkrs d¨ djrk gS&
(a) tek
(b) uke
(c) tek o uke nüä
27. vuqdwy cSad 'ks"k dk vk'k; gS&
(a) j¨dM+ iqLrd esa MsfcV 'ks"k
(b) ikLk cqd esa MsfcV 'ks"k
(c) j¨dM+ iqLrd esa ØsfMV 'ks"k
28. tc j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k ÁkjaÒ fcUnq g¨rk gS r¨ xzkgdä }kjk Lkh/ks gh
tek,¡&
(a) t¨M+h tkrh gSaA
(b) ?kVk;h tkrh gSaA
(c) d¨bZ Lkek;¨tu dh vko';drk ughaA
(d) buesa Lks d¨bZ ughaA
29. Áfrdwy 'ks"k gS&
(a) j¨dM+ cgh dk MsfcV 'ks"k
(b) ikLk cqd dk MsfcV 'ks"k
(c) ikLk cqd dk ØsfMV 'ks"k
30. ikLkcqd ds vuqLkkj cSad vf/kfod"kZ g¨rk gS tcfd&

(a) ikLk cqd dk MsfcV 'ks"k g¨
(b) ikLk cqd dk ØsfMV 'ks"k g¨
(c) j¨dM+ cgh dk MsfcV 'ks"k g¨
31. ryiV esa fn[kk;k tk jgk cSad 'ks"k gS&
(a) ikLk cqd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k
(b) j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k
(c) Ø; cgh ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k
(d) a o b nüä
32. tc 'kq#vkrh fcUnq j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj vuqdwy 'ks"k gSA cSad }kjk QeZ
dks xyrh Lks uke fd;k x;k bLks&
(a) t¨M+saxs
(b) ?kVk,axs
(c) nüä
33. j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj vf/kfod"kZ dk eryc gS&
(a) j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj tek 'ks"k
(b) j¨dM+ cgh ds cSad d‚ye esa tek 'ks"k
(c) a o b nüä
34. j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k 10000 #- gSA 2000 #- dk pSd fuxZfer
fdUrq Òqxrku gsrq ÁLrqr ugha gqvk] rks iklcqd dk ‘ks”k gksxk%
(a) 10000 :.
(b) 2000 :.
(c) 12000 :.
35. tc cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k i= rS;kj djrs Lke;] ;fn vki j¨dM+ iqLrd ds
'ks"k Lks ÁkjEÒ djrs gSa] r¨ cSad }kjk Lkh/ks Lkaxzg fd;k x;k ykÒka'k t¨ vÒh
rd vof/k ds Òhrj j¨dM+ iqLrd Lks ugha fy[kk x;k gS]----------tkrk gS&
(a) t¨M+k
(b) ?kVk;k
(c) Lkek;¨ftr djus dh vko';drk ugha
36. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.ki= esa] tc j¨dM+ iqLrd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k ÁkjfEÒd
fcUnq ekuk tkrk gS] r¨ cSad }kjk Lkaxzg fd;k x;k 500 #- C;kt rFkk
xzkgd }kjk mLkds cSad esa Lkh/ks tek fd;s x;s 2500 #-&
(a) t¨M+s tk;saxs (b) ?kVk;s tk;saxs
(c) /;ku ugha fn;s tk;saxs (d) mij¨ä esa Lks d¨bZ ugha
37. 31-03-2006 d¨ j¨dM+ iqLrd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k 10000 #-
pSd fuxZfer fd;k ,oa 4 vÁSy d¨ ÁLrqr fd;k x;k 2300 #-
pSd cSad d¨ Òstk ijUrq ØsfMV ugha gqvk 2000 #-
cSad }kjk Òqxrku fd;k x;k ns; foi= j¨dM+ iqLrd
esa ugha fy[kk x;k 800 #-
ikLkcqd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k g¨xk&
(a) 9,500 :.
(b) 9,000 :.
(c) 9,800 :.
(d) rhuä esa Lks d¨bZ ugha
38. (i) j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj 31-3-2005 d¨ 'ks"k 10000 #-
(ii) cSad d¨ Òsts x;s] fdUrq j¨dM+ cgh esa ntZ ugha gq, pSd 2200 #-
(iii) fuxZfer fdUrq 1 vÁSy d¨ ÁLrqr fd;s x;s pSd 3000 #-
(iv) cSad }kjk ns; foi= dk Hkqxrku j¨dM+ cgh esa ntZ ugha gq, 1600 #-
ikLk cqd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k g¨xk&
(a) 9,200 :.
(b) 13,600 :.
(c) 10,800 :.
(d) 6,400 :.
39. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k esa] tc j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k d¨ ÁkjfEÒd
fcUnq ekuk tkrk gS r¨ xzkgd }kjk cSad es 10000 #- dh ÁR;{k tek d¨&
(a) ?kVk;k tk;sxk
(b) t¨M+k tk;sxk
(c) N¨M+ fn;k tk;sxk
(d) mij¨ä esa Lks dqN ugha g¨xk
40. ABC Enterprises dh j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj 31-3-2006 d¨ MsfcV
'ks"k 15000 #- FkkA tek djk;s x;s fdUrq Dyh;j u gq, pSd 1000 #-
rFkk fuxZfer fdUrq dS'k u djk;s x;s pSd 2000 #- gSA ikLk cqd ds
vuqLkkj 'ks"k g¨xk&
(a) 15,000 (b) 16,000
(c) 14,000 (d) 17,000
41. j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj MsfcV 'ks"k 2000
pSd tek fd;k ysfdu laxzg ugha gqvk 100
pSd fuxZfer fd;k ysfdu ÁLrqr ugha gqvk 150
cSad }kjk fn;k x;k C;kt 50
cSad }kjk Lkaxzghr ykÒka'k 150
ikLk cqd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k g¨xk&
(a) 2100 :.
(b) 1950 :.
(c) 2350 :.
(d) 2150 :.
42. tc j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj vuqdwy 'ks"k ÁkjfEÒd fcUnq gS] r¨ cSad }kjk
QeZ d¨ xyrh Lks MsfcV fd;s tkus ij bLks&
(a) t¨M+k tk;sxk
(b) ?kVk;k tk;sxk
(c) nüä
(d) d¨bZ ugha
43. tc j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k ÁkjEÒ fcUnq g¨rk gS r¨ xzkgdä }kjk Lkh/ks gh
tek,¡&
(a) t¨M+h tkrh gS
(b) ?kVk;h tkrh gSA
(c) Lkek;¨ftr djus dh vko';drk ugh gSA
(d) nüä esa d¨bZ ughA
44. ABC Enterprices dk j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj 31-03-2011 d¨ MSfcV
'ks"k 1500 #- gSA tek djk;s x;s fdUrq oLkwy u fd;s x;s pSdä dh jkf'k gS
100 #- rFkk fuxZfer gq, pSd ysfdu ÁLrqr ugha fd;s x;s 150 #-A cSd
us 50 #- dk ykÒka'k ÁkIr fd;k FkkA ikLk cqd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k gük
pkfg;s&
(a) 1,600 :. (b) 1,450 :.
(c) 1,850 :. (d) 1,650 :.
45. tc ,d cSd Lkek/kku fooj.k cuk;k tk jgk g¨] ;fn vki j¨dM+ cgh ds
MSfcV 'ks"k d¨ ysdj pykrs gSa r¨ vof/k ds n©jku fuxZfer fd;s x;s] fdUrq
ÁLrqr u fd;s x;s pSdä d¨&
(a) t¨M+k tkuk pkfg, (b) ?kVk;k tkuk pkfg,A
(c) Lkek;¨ftr ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,A (d) mij¨ä esa d¨bZ ughA
46. j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj MsfcV 'ks"k 2000 #-] pSd tek djk;s ysfdu
Dyh;j ugha gq,&100 #- pSd fuxZfer fd;s ysfdu ÁLrqr ugha gq;s 150
#- cSad }kjk fn;k x;k C;kt 50 #- cSad }kjk ÁkIr fd;k x;k ykÒka'k 50
#- ikLkcqd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k g¨xk&
(a) 2100 :. (b) 1950 :.
(c) 2350 :. (d) 2150 :.
47. j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj 5000 #- dk 'ks"k gSA pSd fuxZfer fd;s ysfdu
Òqxrku ds fy;s ÁLrqr ugha gq;s 2000 #- Lkaxzg.k ds fy;s Òsts x;s cSad
ysfdu Lkaxzfgr ugha gq;sA 1500 #- cSad xyrh Lks QeZ ds [kkrs d¨ 20 #-
Lks uke dj nsrk gSA ikLkcqd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k g¨xk&
(a) 5580 :. (b) 5480 :.
(c) 4520 :. (d) 5520 :.
48. j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj tek 'ks"k 10000 #-] cSad }kjk pktZ fd;k x;k
C;kt 150 #-] pSd fuxZfer fd;k ysfdu Òqxrku ds fy;s ÁLrqr ugha
gqvk& 2500 #-] ikLkcqd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k g¨xk&
(a) 7650 :. (b) 12350 :.
(c) 12650 :. (d) buesa Lks d¨bZ ugha
49. j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj 'kq#vkrh fcUnq vf/kfod"kZ gS] ,d 500 #- dk pSd
cSad esa tek djok;k] ysfdu j¨dM+ cgh esa ugha fy[kk x;k g¨xk&
(a) 500 :. Lks t¨M+saxs
(b) 500 :. Lks ?kVk;saxs
(c) 1000 :. Lks t¨M+saxs
(d) 1000 :. Lks ?kVk;saxs
50. j¨dM+ cgh dk vf/kfod"kZ 'ks"k gSA 1500 #-] 400 #- dk pSd tek gsrq
Òstk fdUrq tek ugha gqvkA 100 #- 125 #- 50 #- ds pSd fuxZeu fd;s
fdUrq Òqxrku gsrq ÁLrqr ugha gq, ikLkcqd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k g¨xk&
(a) 1100 :. (b) 1625 :.
(c) 2175 :. (d) 1375 :.
51. j¨dM+ iqLrd ds vuqLkkj cSad vf/kfod"kZ 13500 #-

pSd tek fd;s ijUrq ØsfMV ugha gq, 3000 #-
pSd tkjh fd;s ijUrq ÁLrqr ugha fd;s x;s 6000 #-
cSad fooj.ki= ds vuqLkkj vf/kfod"kZ g¨xk&
(a) 10,500 #- (b) 5,050 #-
(c) 11,000 #- (d) rhuä esa Lks d¨bZ ugha
52. j¨dM+ iqLrd ds vuqLkkj cSad vf/kfod"kZ gS 2500 #-
pSd tek fd;k ijUrq fudkLkh ugha gqvk 1000 #-
pSd tkjh fd;k ijUrq udnh ugha 1400 #-
cSad fooj.ki= ds vuqLkkj cSad vf/kfod"kZ g¨xk&
(a) 2,000 :.
(b) 2,100 :.
(c) 2,500 :.
(d) 2,200 :.
53. j¨dM+ iqLrd ds vuqLkkj vf/kfod"kZ 4500 #-
1- pSd Lkaxzg gsrq Òsts ijUrq cSad }kjk ØsfMV ugha gq, 6225 #-
2- pSd fuxZfer fd;s x;s ijUrq Òqxrku gsrq ÁLrqr ugha fd;s x;s 10250 #-
ikLk cqd ds vuqLkkj vf/kfod"kZ g¨xk&
(a) 475 :. (b) 750 :.
(c) 500 :. (d) rhuä esa Lks d¨bZ ugha
54. 31 fnLkEcj] 2006 d¨ j¨dM+ iqLrd ds vuqLkkj cSad vf/kfod"kZ 10500 #-
Lkaxzg.k gsrq pSd Òstk ijUrq Lkaxzg ugha gqvk 8250 #-
pSd fuxZfer fd;k ijUrq Òqxrku gsrq ÁLrqr ugha fd;k x;k 12000 #-
ikLkcqd vf/kfod"kZ ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k g¨xk&
(a) 6,750 :. (b) 6,500 :.
(c) 6,000 :. (d) rhuä esa Lks d¨bZ ugha
55. tc j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj vf/kfod"kZ ÁkjEÒ fcUnq g¨ rFkk cSad esa tek
fd;k x;k 1500 #- dk pSd j¨dM+ cgh esa fjdkWMZ u fd;k x;k g¨ r¨
cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k esa bLkd¨&
(a) 1,500 :. Lks t¨M+k tk;sxk
(b) 1,500 :. Lks ?kVk;k tk;sxk
(c) 3,000 :. Lks ?kVk;k tk;sxk
(d) 3,000 :. Lks t¨M+k tk;sxk
56. tc j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj vf/kfod"kZ ÁkjfEÒd fcUnq g¨rk gS r¨ ikLk cqd
esa xyr MsfcV d¨&
(a) cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k esa ?kVk;k tk;sxk
(b) cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k ij d¨bZ ÁÒko ugha
(c) cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k esa t¨M+k tk;sxk
57. tc j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj Áfrdwy 'ks"k gS] ,d pSd 500 #- dk tek
djk;k x;k ysfdu j¨dM+ cgh esa d¨bZ ys[kk ugha fd;k x;kA D;k g¨xk\
(a) 500 :. t¨M+k tk;sxk (b) 500 :. ?kVk;k tk;sxk
(c) 1000 :. t¨M+k tk;sxk (d) 1000 :. ?kVk;k tk;sxk
58. cSd esa j¨dM+ ds #i esa j¨dM+ cgh us 1500 #- dk vöjMªkW¶V fn[kk;k]
ysfdu ikLk cqd t¨ mLkh frfFk rd v|ru dh xbZ fn[kkrh gS fd 100 #-]
50 #- rFkk 125 #- ds cSadä dk Òqxrku ds fy, ÁLrqr gh ugha fd;k x;k
Fkk rFkk 400 #- dk pSd [kkrs esa tek djk;k x;k Fkk ysfdu vÒh mLkdh
fudkLkh ugha gqbZ gSA j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k g¨xk&
(a) 1,100 :. (b) 2,175 :.
(c) 1,625 :. (d) 1,375 :.
59. ;fn ikLkcqd dk 'ks"k ÁkjfEÒd fcUnq gS r¨ vLkaxzfgr pSdä d¨&
(a) t¨M+rs gSa cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k esa
(b) ?kVkrs gSa cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k esa
(c) N¨M+ nsrs gSa tc cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k cukrs gSaA
(d) buesa Lks d¨bZ ughaA
60. ikLk cqd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k fn;k gSA j¨dM+ cgh ds ÁkfIr i{k dk ;¨x de
yxk;k x;k gS r¨ Lkek;¨tu g¨xk&
(a) ikLk cqd ds 'ks"k esa t¨M+k tk;sxk
(b) ikLk cqd ds 'ks"k Lks ?kVk;k tk,xk
(c) Lkek;¨tu ugha g¨xk
61. tc ,d cSad Lkek/kku fooj.ki= cukrs Lke; ;fn vki ikLk cqd ds
vuqLkkj 'ks"k Lks ÁkjEÒ djrs gSa] r¨ 1050 #- dh nh x;h pSd dk cSad }kjk
ikLk cqd esa n¨ ckj fy[kk tkuk&
(a) t¨M+k tk;sxk
(b) ?kVk;k tk;sxk
(c) Lkek;¨ftr djus dh vko';drk ugha g¨xh
62. tc cSad Lkek/kku fooj.ki= cuk;k tk jgk g¨] ;fn vki ikLk cqd ds
vuqLkkj ØsfMV 'ks"k Lks ÁkjEÒ djrs gSa] r¨ cSad esa tek fd;k x;k ijUrq
vof/k ds Òhrj ØsfMV ugha gqvk pSd&
(a) t¨M+k tkrk gSA (b) ?kVk;k tkrk gSA
(c) Lkek;¨ftr djus dh vko';drk ughaA (d) mij¨ä esa Lks d¨bZ ugha
63. ikLk cqd ds vuqLkkj 31-3-2006 d¨ 22000 #- dk ØsfMV 'ks"k gS] tek
fd;s x;s fdUrq vÒh rd Dyh;j u gq, pSd 2000 #i;s Fks] rFkk tkjh
fdUrq vÒh rd ÁLrqr u fd;s x;s pSd 8000 #- ds FksA j¨dM+ cgh ds
vuqLkkj 'ks"k g¨xk&
(a) 32,000 :. (b) 16,000 :.
(c) 28,000 :. (d) 18,000 :
64. ikLk cqd ds vuqLkkj cSad 'ks"k 20000 #- pSd fuxZfer fdUrq ÁLrqr ugha
1000 #- pSd tek fdUrq Dyh;j ugha gq, 5000 #- j¨dM+ cgh ds
vuqLkkj cSad 'ks"k g¨xk&
(a) 22,000 :. (b) 32,000 :.
(c) 18,000 :. (d) 8,000 :.
65. ,d cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k cukrs Lke; ;fn vki ikLkcqd ds 'ks"k Lks ÁkjEÒ
djsa r¨ cSad }kjk fd;s x;s 4000 #- ds Òqxrku t¨ ikLk cqd esa n¨ ckj
fjdkWMZ dj fy;s x;s ----------- gäxsA
(a) Lkek;¨ftr ugha djus (b) t¨M+us
(c) ?kVkus (d) mij¨ä esa d¨bZ ugha
66. ;fn ikLkcqd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k fy;k x;k gS r¨ d©uLkh jkf'k ?kVk;h tk;sxh\
j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k ikus ds fy,&
(a) cSad }kjk fn;k x;k C;kt
(b) cSad }kjk fy;k x;k C;kt
(c) pSd tek djk;k x;k ysfdu Òqxrku ugha gqvk
(d) cSad }kjk fd;k x;k Òqxrku
67. tc ikLk cqd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k ÁkjEÒ fcUnq g¨rk gS r¨ cSad }kjk fd;s x;s
Lkh/ks Òqxrku&
(a) cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k esa t¨M+s tkrs gSaA
(b) cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k esa ?kVk;s tkrs gSaA
(c) cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k esa Lkek;¨tu dh d¨bZ vko';drk ugha g¨rh gSA
(d) mij¨ä esa d¨bZ ughA
68. tc j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj vf/kfod"kZ Lks 'kq# djrs gSa r¨ 300 #- ds cSad
ÁÒkj ftud¨ ikLkcqd esa n¨ ckj fjdkWMZ dj fy;k x;k-----------
(a) 300 :. t¨M+s tk;saxs
(b) 300 :. ?kVk;s tk;saxs
(c) 600 :. t¨M+s tk;saxs
(d) 600 :. t¨M+s tk;saxs
69. Lkek;¨ftr j¨dM+ cgh dk 'ks"k d¨ Kkr djrs Lke; mij¨ä esa Lks
fdLks /;ku esa ugha j[kk tk;sxk\
(a) vius xzkgd ds }kjk Lkh/ks tek djk;h x;h jkf'k
(b) j¨dM+ cgh esa v'kqf)
(c) ikLk cqd esa v'kqf)
(d) mi;qZä LkÒh
70. j¨dM+ cgh dk Lkek;¨tu djrs Lke; cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k esa&
(a) ikLk cqd dh LkÒh Òwysa rFkk xyfr;k¡ /;ku esa j[kh tkrh gSaA
(b) Lke; esa vUrj ds dkj.k ikLk cqd esa fjd‚ÉMx esa nsjh /;ku esa j[kh tkrh gSaA
(c) j¨dM+ cgh dh LkÒh Òwysa rFkk xyfr;k¡ /;ku esa j[kh tkrh gSaA
(d) mij¨ä LkÒh
71. tc cSad Lks /ku fudkyk tkrk gS] cSad xzkgd ds [kkrs d¨-------- djrk gSA
(a) ØsfMV
(b) MsfcV
(c) ;k r¨ (a) ;k (b)
72. ryiV esa fn[kk;k x;k cSad 'ks"k&

(a) ikLk cqd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k
(b) j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k
(c) Ø; cgh ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k
(d) nüä (a) v©j (b)
73. jksdM+ cgh ds cSad dkWye dk 2]000 :- dk tek ‘ks”k uke ‘ks”k ds :i esa
vkxs ys tk;k x;k ;fn ‘kq:vkrh fcUnq ikl cqd dk vf/kfod”kZ gS rks&
(a) 2,000 :- ls ?kVk;k tk;sxk
(b) 2,000 :- ls tksM+k tk;sxk
(c) 4,000 :- ls ?kVk;k tk;sxk
(d) 4,000 :- ls tksM+k tk;sxk
74. j¨dM+ cgh ds Òqxrku i{k dk 'ks"k 250 #- de fn[kk;k gSA ;fn cSad dk
Lkek/kku fooj.k dk vkjfEÒd fcUnq gesa ikLk cqd ds vöjMªk¶V dk 'ks"k
fn;k x;k gS r¨ j¨dM+ cgh ds vöjMªk¶V 'ks"k rd igq¡pus ds fy,&
(a) t¨M+sa 250 (b) ?kVk,¡ 250
(c) t¨M+sa 500 (d) ?kVk,¡ 500
75. tc j¨dM+ iqLrd ds vuqLkkj 'ks"k ÁkjEÒ fcUnq gS rFkk 400 #- ds Òqxrku
gsrq tkjh pSd xyrh Lks cSad esa 900 #- ØsfMV dj fn;k x;k rc cSad
Lkek/kku fooj.ki= esa j¨dM+ 'ks"k g¨xk&
(a) 1,300 :. Lks Lkaof)Zr
(b) 1,300 #- Lks ?kVk gqvk
(c) 900 #- Lks Lkaof)Zr
(d) 400 #- Lks ?kVk gqvk
76. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k esa] tc ÁkjfEÒd fcUnq ds #i esa j¨dM+ iqLrd ds
vuqLkkj 'ks"k d¨ fy;k tkrk gS] r¨ xzkgd }kjk 2500 #- dh cSad dh Lkh/kh
tek,¡&
(a) t¨M+h tk;saxh (b) ?kVkbZ tk;saxh
(c) /;ku ugha nh tk;saxh (d) mij¨ä esa Lks dkbZ ugha
77. ;fn ikLk cqd 'ks"k ÁkjafÒd fcUnq v©j j¨dM+ cgh ds ÁkfIr i{k d¨ de
fd;k tkrk gS r¨ mipkj fd;k tk;sxk
(a) t¨M+k tk,xk (b) ?kVk;k tk,xk
(c) d¨bZ mipkj ugha (d) buesa Lks d¨bZ ugha
78. j¨dM+ cgh ds vuqLkkj cSad 'ks"k mLkds tSLkk fd pkyw [kkrk fooj.k esa
fn[kk;k gS Lks fÒé g¨rk gS r¨ [kkrä d¨ vfUre #i nsus gsrq fopkj fd;k
tkus okyk 'ks"k gS&
(a) Lkek;¨ftr j¨dM+ cgh dk
(b) fdLkh Lkek;¨tu ds iwoZ j¨dM+ cgh dk
(c) ikLk cqd dk
(d) 'ks"k esa vUrj güs dh n'kk esa vfUre [kkrä esa ugha fy;k tkrkA
ANSWER KEY
1 D 2 C 3 D 4 D 5 A
6 D 7 A 8 A 9 A 10 B
11 D 12 C 13 B 14 A 15 A
16 B 17 B 18 C 19 D 20 A
21 D 22 A 23 C 24 C 25 B
26 B 27 A 28 A 29 B 30 A
31 B 32 B 33 B 34 C 35 A
36 A 37 A 38 B 39 B 40 B
41 D 42 B 43 A 44 A 45 A
46 D 47 B 48 A 49 B 50 B
51 A 52 B 53 A 54 A 55 B
56 C 57 B 58 C 59 A 60 B
61 B 62 A 63 B 64 C 65 B
66 A 67 A 68 A 69 C 70 C
71 B 72 B 73 C 74 B 75 A
76 A 77 B 78 A
Bank Reconciliation
Statement (BRS)
 BRS is a statement, Not a account.
 Preparation of BRS is optional not Mandatory
 It is Memorandum statement
 Not a part of financial statement
 It will be prepared by business, customer, account
holder, not by bank
 BRS will be prepared at the choice of business at any
point of time
 For business point of view, current account must be
there.
 Business related transaction recorded in passbook by
bank.
 Another name of passbook is bank statement and it
will be prepared by bank.
 Bank related transaction will be recorded in cash book
by cashier of business.
 Cashbook having three columns cash column, bank
column, discount column.
 Bank related transaction will be recorded in bank
column of cash book by business.
 BRS is prepared to reconcile between bank column of
cash book and passbook.
 Whenever bank debited customer account then it
means there will be reduced in bank balance of
customer and whenever bank credited customer's
account it means there will be increase in bank
balance of customer.
 In BRS only difference will be accounted.
 If instead of debit we credited an account wrongly or
credited an account instead of debit then there will be
dual effect in rectification, but is amounts are different
then we added both amount. (Right amount + wrong
amount)
 If any amount posted twice then in rectification we
consider it by single amount.
 Debit balance of cash book and credit balance of pass
book will be consider as favourable balance.
 Credit balance of cash book and debit balance of
passbook will be consider as unfavourable balance.
Adjusted Cash book
 It will be prepared at the end of the year.
 It will be prepared after cashbook, but before BRS.
 In adjusted cash book only errors and ommission of
cash books will be rectified, we ignore errors and
ommission of passbook.
 With the closing balance of adjusted cash books we
prepared BRS and those items considered in adjusted
cash book should be ignore in BRS.
 At the time of making final account and trial balance
cash at bank balance will be derived from adjusted
cash books.
Note:- Normally these two transactions are recorded and
posted firstly in cash book then after some time
when they presented in bank then bank will record
it.
These are two transactions:
(1) Cheque deposited but not collected by bank :
Whenever business received cheque from customer
then very first it will recorded in bank column of cash
book and effect of this cash book balance will be in
crease.
(2) Cheque issued but not presented in bank:
Whenever business issue cheque for any payment and
creditors then very first it will be recorded in bank
column of cash book and cash book balance will be
reduced, by effect of this transaction.
Note:- other then these two transactions old transactions
are firstly record, accounted by bank in passbook
and after that business get information from bank
and then these transactions will be recorded in
cashbooks.
For example
 Interest allowed by bank
 Interest charged by bank
 Bank charges deducted by bank
 Direct deposit by customer in bank account.
Note:- BRS can be prepared with the help of either cash
book balance or either by passbook balance.
Note:- Definition of passbook/Bank statement: customers
copy of account in bank's ledger.
1. Bank reconciliation statement-
(a) A memorandum statement
(b) An account
(c) A part of the cash book
(d) None of these
(a) A part of the cash book
(b) a part of bank account
(c) a part of financial statements
(d) None of these
3. Bank reconciliation statement is made-
(a) At the end of the accounting year
(b) Before final accounts
(c) Anytime as per the wish of the businessman
(d) None of these
4. A bank reconciliation statement is-
(a) Part of the pass book
(b) Statement made by the bank
(c) Matching of cash book with cash column
(d) Statement made by customer
5. Bank reconciliation statement is made -
(a) By the bank
(b) By debtors
(c) By the creditor
(d) Account holders
(a) Part of the pass book
(b) Statement made by the bank
(c) Related to cash column of cash book
(d) Statement made by customer
7. With whose help the bank reconciliation statement is
prepared?
(a) Bank statement and Bank column of cash book
(b) Bank statement and cash column of cash book
(c) Cash column of cash book and Bank column of
cash book
(d) None of these
8. Bank pass book is also known as
(a) Bank book.
(b) Bank account.
(c) Bank column.
(d) Bank statement.
9. A Bank Statement is a copy of:
(a) Cash column of the cash book
(b) Bank column of the cash book
(c) A customer's account in the bank's book
10. Credit balance in the cash book means _____.
(a) Overdraft as per pass book.
(b) Favourable balance as per pass book.
(c) Both (a) and (b).
(d) None of the above.
11. Favorable balance as per Cash Book means :
(a) Debit balance in the bank column of the cash book
(b) Debit balance in the pass book
(c) Credit balance in the bank column of the cash book
(d) None of these
12. A debit balance in the depositor's Cash Book will be
shown as:
(a) A debit balance in the Bank statement
(b) A credit balance in the Bank statement
(c) An overdrawn balance in the Bank statement
13. Bank overdraft has a
(a) Debit balance
(b) Credit balance
(c) Negative balance
14. Debit balance as per pass book means
(a) Bank overdraft as per cash book
(b) Debit balance in pass book
(c) Cash balance with bank
15. Unfavourable bank balance means:
(a) Credit balance in Cash Book
(b) Credit balance in Pass Book
(c) Debit balance in Cash Book
(d) Favourable balance in Cash Book.
16. Bank reconciliation statement is prepared with the
balance of
(a) Pass book
(b) Cash book
(c) Either (a) or (b)
17. Which of these types of errors are not detected during
Bank Reconciliation :
(a) Cash embezzlement by cashier.
(b) Cheques deposited but not credited by bank
(c) Casting mistakes in bank column of cash book
(d) Interest or commission charged by the bank not
accounted in cash book
18. A Bank Reconciliation Statement is prepared by:
(a) The Bank
(b) The Government
(c) The Bank Account holder
(d) The user of financial statements
19. Which of the following is not the salient feature of
bank reconciliation statement?
(a) Any undue delay in the clearance of cheque will be
shown up by the reconciliation.
(b) Reconciliation statement will help in finding the
person doing any fraud.
(c) Reconciliation is done by the bankers,
(d) It helps in finding out the actual position of the
bank balance.
20. When the money is withdrawn from the bank, the bank
does the customer's account-
(a) Debit
(b) Credit
(c) Both Debit and Credit
(d) None of these
21. When the balance is the starting point according to
the cash book, deposit directly by the customers-
(a) are added.
(b) are reduced.
(c) No adjustment required.
(d) None of these
22. The bank balance shown in the trial balance is-
(a) Balance as per pass book
(b) Balance as per cash book
(c) Balance as per purchase book
(d) both a and b
23. When the starting point is favourable balance
according to the cash book. Firm account was
wrongly debited by bank then treatment will be-
(a) will add
(b) will decrease
(c) both
(d) None of these
24. Balance as per Cash Book on 31.03.2010 Rs. 10000
Cheque Issued and presented on 4th April Rs. 2300
Cheque sent to bank but not credited Rs. 2000
B/P paid by Bank not entered In cash Book Rs. 800
Balance on per pass book will be
(a) Rs. 9,500
(b) Rs. 9,000
(c) Rs. 9,800
(d) None of the three.
25. (I) Balance per cash book on 31.03.2010 Rs. 10,000
(II) Cheques sent to bank but not entered in cash book
Rs. 2,200
(III) Cheques Issued and presented on 7th April, 2010
Rs. 3,000
(IV) Bill payable by Bank not entered in the cash book
Rs. 1,600
Balance on as per passbook will be :
(a) Rs. 9,200
(b) Rs. 13,600
(c) Rs. 10,800
(d) Rs. 6,400
26. Debit balance as per cash book of ABC enterprises, as
on 31.3.2010 is Rs. 15,000. Cheque deposited but not
cleared amount to Rs. 1,000 and cheque Issued but
not presented of Rs. 2,000. Balance as per pass book
should be
(a) Rs. 15.000
(b) Rs. 16,000
(c) Rs. 14,000
(d) Rs. 17,000
27. Debit balance as per cash book Rs. 2000
Cheques deposited but not cleared Rs. 100
Cheques issued but not presented Rs. 150
Bank allowed Interest Rs. 50
Bank collected dividend Rs. 50
Balance as per Pass Book will be:
(a) Rs. 2100
(b) Rs. 1950
(c) Rs. 2350
(d) Rs. 2150
28. When favourable balance as per cash book is the
starting point wrong debit by the bank to the firm will
be:
(a) Added (b) Subtracted
(c) Both (d) None
29. When preparing a Bank Reconciliation Statement, If
you start with a debit balance as per the Cash Book,
cheques issued but not presented within the period
should be:
(a) Added (b) Deducted
(c) Not required to be adjusted (d) None of the above
30. Debit balance as per cash book is Rs. 2000. Cheque
Deposit but not cleared - Rs. 100 Cheque issued but
not presented 150 Rs. Interest paid by the bank is Rs.
50. The dividend received by the bank will be Rs. 50
as per passbook.
(a) Rs. 2100
(b) Rs. 1950
(c) Rs. 2350
(d) Rs. 2150
31. Balance as per cash book Rs. 5000 Cheque issued but
not presented for payment Rs. 2000, Cheque sent for
collection but not collected. Rs 1500 Bank accidentally
charges the firm's account for Rs 20. Balance as per
passbook will be
(a) Rs. 5580
(b) Rs. 5480
(c) Rs. 4520
(d) Rs. 5520
32. Credit balance as per cash book Rs 10000, interest
charged by bank Rs 150, Cheque issued but not pre
sented for payment - Rs 2500, balance as per
passbook will be-
(a) Rs. 7650
(b) Rs. 12350
(c) Rs. 12650
(d) None of these
33. According to the cash book, the starting point is an
overdraft a 500 rupees. cheque was deposited in the
bank, but it would not have been not written in the
cash book.
(a) Rs. 500 will added
(b) Rs. 500 deducted from
(c) Rs. 1000 will added with
(d) Rs. 1000 deducted from
34. Bank overdraft as per Cash Book Rs. 13500
Cheque deposited but not credited Rs.3000
Cheque issued but not presented Rs.6000
Overdraft as per bank statement will be
(a) Rs. 10,500
(b) Rs. 5050
(c) Rs. 11,000
(d) None of the three
35. Bank overdraft as per Cash book is Rs. 2500
Cheque deposited but not cleared Rs.1000
Cheque Issued but not cashed Rs.1400
Bank overdraft as per Bank statement will be ______
(a) Rs. 2,000
(b) Rs. 2,100
(c) Rs. 2,500
(d) Rs. 2,200
36. Overdraft as per Cash Book Rs. 4,500
1. Cheques sent for collection but not credited by Bank
Rs.6,225
2. Cheque drawn but not presented for payment
Rs.10,250
Overdraft as per Pass Book will be
(a) Rs.475
(b) Rs.750
(c) Rs.500
37. Bank overdraft as per cash book on 31" Dec. 2010
Rs. 10500
Cheque sent for collection but not collected Rs. 8250
Cheque issued but not presented for payment Rs. 12000
Balance as per pass book overdraft will be
(a) Rs. 6,750
(b) Rs. 6,500
(c) Rs. 6,000
38. When the overdraft as per cash book is the starting
point and a cheque of Rs. 1,500 deposited into bank
has not been recorded in cash book, then in the bank
reconciliation statement it will be
(a) Added by Rs. 1,500
(b) Deducted by Rs. 1,500
(c) Deducted by Rs.3,000
(d) Added by Rs.3,000
39. When overdraft as per Cash Book is the starting point
then wrong debit in pass book will be
(a) Deducted from the Bank Reconciliation Statement
(b) No effect in the Bank Reconciliation Statement
(c) Added in the Bank Reconciliation Statement
40. When overdraft as per Cash book is the starting point,
a cheque of Rs. 500 deposited Into bank but not
recorded in cash book will be:
(a) Added by Rs. 500
(b) Deducted by Rs.500
(c) Added by Rs. 1,000
(d) Deducted by Rs. 1,000
41. The cash book showed an overdraft of Rs. 1,500, but
the pass book made up to the same date showed that
cheques of Rs. 100, Rs. 50 and Rs. 125 respectively
had not been presented for payments; and the cheque
of Rs. 400 pald into account had not been cleared. The
balance as per the pass book will be:
(a) Rs. 1,100
(b) Rs. 2,175
(c) Rs. 1,625
(d) Rs.1,375
42. If balance as per Pass Book is the starting point, then
uncollected cheques are:
(a) Added In BRS
(b) Subtracted In BRS
(c) ignored while preparing BRS
(d) None of these
43. If the balance as per Pass Book is the staring point, so
the treatment of under casting of receipt side of cash
book will be:
(a) Added (b) Deducted
(c) No treatment (d) None of these
44. When preparing a Bank Reconciliation Statement if
you start with balance as per Pass Book, then
cheques paid to bank recorded twice in Pass Book Rs.
1050 will be
(a) Added
(b) Deducted
(c) Not required to be adjusted
45. When preparing a Bank Reconciliation Statement, if
you start with credit balance as per Pass Book, then
cheque deposited in the bank but not credited within
the period are
(a) Added
(b) Deducted
(c) Not required to be adjusted
46. Credit balance as per passbook on 31.3.2010 is Rs.
22000. Cheques deposited but not cleared amount to
Rs. 2000 and cheques issued but not presented of Rs.
8000. Balance as per cash book should be:
(a) Rs. 32,000
(b) Rs. 16,000
(c) Rs. 28,000
(d) Rs. 18,000
47. Bank balance as per pass book Rs 20,000
Cheque Issued but not presented Rs 1,000
Cheque deposited but not cleared Rs 5,000
Bank balance as per cash book will be -
(a) Rs. 22,000
(b) Rs. 32,000
(c) Rs. 24,000
(d) Rs. 8,000
48. When preparing a Bank Reconciliation Statement If
you start with balance as per pass book then
payments made by bank Rs.4,000 recorded twice in
pass book will be
(a) Not required to be adjusted
(b) Added
(c) Deducted
49. If we take balance as per Pass book which of the
following will be deducted to get balance as per cash
book
(a) Interest given by bank
(b) Interest charged by bank
(c) Cheque deposited but not cleared
(d) Payment made by bank understanding instructions
50. When the balance as per Pass Book is the starting
point, direct payment by bank are:
(a) Added in the bank reconciliation statement
(b) Subtracted in the bank reconciliation statement
(c) Not required to be adjusted in the bank reconciliation
statement
(d) Neither of the above
51. When overdraft as per cash book is the starting point,
Bank charges of Rs. 300 recorded twice in the pass
book will be
(a) Added by Rs. 300 (b) Deducted by Rs. 300
(c) Deducted by Rs. 600 (d) Added by Rs.600
52. In arriving at adjusted cash balance which of the
following is not taken into account:
(a) Amount deposited by our customer directly in our
account
(b) Errors in the Cash Book
(c) Errors in the Pass Book
(d) All of these
53. Under Bank reconciliation statement whlle adjusting
the cash book:
(a) All the errors and omissions in the passbook are
taken into consideration
(b) Delays in recording in the passbook due to difference
in timing are taken into consideration
(c) All the errors and omission in the cashbook are
taken into consideration
54. The payment side of cash book is under cast by Rs.
250. If the starting point of BRS is the overdraft
balance as per pass book, then what would be the
treatment to reach to overdraft balance of cash book?
(a) Add 250
(b) Less 250
(c) Add 500
(d) Less 500
55. When balance as per cash book is the starting point,
cheques Issued for payment Rs.400 was wrongly cred
it by Bank as Rs.900 then In the bank reconciliation
statement cash balance will be
(a) Added by Rs. 1300
(b) Subtracted by Rs. 1,300
(c) Added Rs. 900
(d) Subtracted by Rs. 400
56. Treatment will be done if the pass book balance
starting point and the receiving side of the cash book
are reduced.
(a) will be added
(b) will be reduced
(c) no treatment
(d) None of these
57. If bank balance as per cashbook differs from that
appearing in the current account statement, then the
balance considered for finalizing the accounts is of
(a) Adjusted cash book.
(b) Cash book before any adjustments.
(c) Pass book.
(d) Not taken to final accounts in case of difference in
the balance.
58. Overdraft as per pass book Rs. 450
1. Cheque drawn but not presented for payment
Rs. 105
2. Cheque sent for collection but not credited by bank
Rs. 300
(a) Rs. 645
(b) Rs. 255
(c) Rs. 855
(d) Rs. 45
59. The credit balance of Rs. 2,000 in the bank column of
the cash book was carried forwarded as its debit
balance, when overdraft as par pass book is starting
point:
(a) Rs. 2,000 will be deducted
(b) Rs. 2,000 will be added
(c) Rs. 4,000 will be deducted
(d) Rs. 4,000 will be added
Answer Key
1 A 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 D
6 D 7 A 8 D 9 C 10 A
11 A 12 B 13 B 14 A 15 A
16 C 17 A 18 C 19 C 20 A
21 A 22 B 23 B 24 A 25 B
26 B 27 D 28 B 29 A 30 D
31 B 32 A 33 B 34 A 35 B
36 A 37 A 38 B 39 C 40 B
41 C 42 A 43 B 44 B 45 A
46 B 47 C 48 B 49 A 50 A
51 A 52 C 53 C 54 B 55 A
56 B 57 A 58 B 59 C
Bills of Exchange
and Promissory
Notes
Bills of Exchange
Note:-
1. There are three parties in bills of exchange .
2. It will be written, condition less, order of payment.
3. Can be bearer.
4. Acceptance will be mandatory.
5. In bills of exchange primary responsibility for payment
will be of B (Accepter of bill), Secondary liability will
be of A (Drawer).
6. In bills of exchange drawer & payee may be same
person.
Dishonour of Bill – At the time of maturity date due to any
reason if payment not made then technically it will be
dishonour of bill. Generally these terms are used in case
of dishonour.
• Dishonour
• Insolvent
• Noting charges
• Renewal
• Unable, Request
Note:- If these terms are given in question then we stop
reading the question and start following process.
Renewal of Bill
Total Amount = Rs. 1,01,000
(-) Partial Recovery = Rs. 40,000
Balance due = Rs. 61,000
+
Delay Interest = Rs. 500
Rs. 61,500 (New Bill)
Discounting the Bill from Bank
• Accounting entry for bill discounting in the books of A
will be as under
Bank A/c Dr
Discount A/c Dr
To B/R A/c
• Discount charges depend upon unexpired time.
• There will be no accounting entry in the books of B for
discounting of Bill
• Bill discounting entry will be entered in the cash book
• At the time of making financial statement discounted
bill will be shown as contingent liability under Foot
Note.
Insolvency of Debtor
A B
(40% Recd.)
Cash A/c Dr 40,400 To Cash 40,400
Bad Debt Dr 60,600 To Deficiency 60,600
Retirement of Bill before maturity
• When drawee settle the Bill before maturity date then
he get cash discount which is also down as Rebate/
Discount/ Interest.
• Account entry in the books of A will be as under-
Bank A/c Dr
Rebate A/c Dr
To B/R A/c
Accommodation Bill
• No consideration
• These bills are used by business friend for short-term
financial crisis when they both need short term funds.
• In this case, Bill will be discounted from Bank and net
amount will be distributed by them in their agreed ratio.
• Discount charges will also be distributed by them in
their agreed ratio
• At the time of maturity. Total amount of bill will be re
funded to Bank.
Calculation of Due Date/Maturity Date
• When the term of bill expires then we get due date and
after allowing three grace days we get maturity date.
• At the time of maturity date if there is a declared public
holiday then preceding working day will be considered
as maturity date.
• It there is sudden holiday on maturity Date then next
working date will be considered as maturity date.
th
• Declared public holiday = 26 Jan, Aug 15, Oct. 2, Sun
day.
• As per negotiable instrument Act, we consider 3
month/90 days term.
• We start calculating from bill draw date but if there is
after sight bill we start from the date of acceptance.
• If term of bill given in days then we calculate in days
and if given in months then we calculate in months.
Note:- If bill will be payable on demand/ after sight bill
then no grace days allowed.
Promissory Note:
• There will be two parties (Promissoer & Promissee)
• Promissee note will prepare by acceptor of the bill (B).
• No acceptance required.
• As per RBI guidelines promissory note can not be
bearer.
• It will be written, without condition & promise for
payment.
• In promissory note drawer & accepter can not be same.
fofue; fcy
rFkk izfrKk i=
fofue; fcy (Bills of Exchange)
Note:-
(1) fofue; fcy esa 3 i{kdkj gks ldrs gSa&
(A) Bill dk ys[kd & A (Drawer)
(B) Bill dk Lohdkj drkZ& B (Drawee)
(C) Bill dk izkIrdrkZ (A/C/Bank) (Payee)
(2) fofue; fcy fyf[kr] 'krZjfgr] Hkqxrku dk vkns'k gksrk gSA
(3) fofue; fcy okgd dks ns; gks ldrk gSA
(4) fofue; fcy ds fy, Lohd`fr vfuok;Z gSA
(5) fofue; fcy esa Hkqxrku djus dk izkFkfed nkf;Ro LohdkjdrkZ (B) dk gksrk gSA
tcfd f}rh;d@xkS.k nkf;Ro ys[kd (A) dk gksrk gSA
(6) fofue; fcy esa ys[kd rFkk izkIrdrkZ nksuksa ,d gh O;fDr gks ldrs gSaA
vuknj.k 'kqYd@izek.ku 'kqYd@fudjkbZ O;;@fVIi.k izHkkj
fcy dk vuknj.k (Dishonoured of Bill)
• tc fcy dk ifjiDork frfFk (maturity date) ij Hkqxrku u gks ikrk rks
rduhdh :i ls bls dk vuknj.k dgrs gSaA
• fuEu 'kCn lk/kkj.kr;k vuknj.k dks O;Dr djrs gSa&
& vuknj.k] vizfrf"Br
& frjLd`r]
& fnokfy;k
& Noting Charges
& uohuhdj.k
& vleFkZrk] fourh] izkFkZuk
• ijh{kk iz'u i= esa fuEu esa ls dksbZ Hkh 'kCn fn[kkbZ nsus ij iz'u iM+uk ogha ij
can dj nsaxs vkSj fuEu izfØ;k viuk,axs&
(1) fcy dh ewy jkf'k = 1,00,000 :-
+
Noting Charges 1000
izHkkoh jkf'k 1,01,000
(2) ewy fcy dks jí djuk@fujLr djsaxs&
fcy dk uohuhdj.k (Renewable of Bill)
• rduhdh :i ls bls Hkh fcy dk vuknj.k dgrs gSaA
(1) ewy jkf'k + Noting Charges
(2) fcy jí djuk
(3) Total Amount = 1,00,000
Noting Charges = 1,000
1,01,000
vkaf'kd olwyh = 40,000
'ks"k jkf'k = 61,000
+
c<+h gqbZ vof/k dk C;kt = 500
61,500 ¼u;k fcy fy[kk tk;sxk½
LohdkjdrkZ dk fnokfy;k gksuk
• rduhdh :i ls ;g Hkh fcy dk vuknj.k gSA
fcy dks cSad ls Hkwukuk@cV~Vk djkuk (Discounting of Bill from Bank)
• fcy dks cSad ls Hkquk;k tkrk gSA
• fcy Hkqukus dk ys[kk LohdkjdrkZ (Accepter) (B) dh iqLrdksa esa ugha gksrk
gSA
• fcy Hkqukus dk ys[kk A dh iqLrdksa esa fuEu gksxk&
Bank a/c Dr
Discount a/c Dr
To B/R a/c
• fcy Hkqukus dk ys[kk jksdM+&cgh esa gksxk vkSj Hkquk, x, fcy dk ¼vuknj.k dk½
ys[kk Hkh jksdM+ cgh esa gksxkA
• vfUre [kkrs cukus le; Hkquk, x, fcyksa dks B/S ds uhps Foot Note esa
lafnX/k nkf;Ro (contingent liability) ds :i esa fn[kkrs gSaA
• fcy Hkqukus ds O;; foÙkh; O;; gksrs gSaA
• cSad vlekIr le;@vO;rhr le;@cdk;k le; dk cV~Vk dkVrk gSA
fcy dh ns; frfFk@ifjiDork frfFk Kkr djuk (Calculation of Due Date/
Maturity Date)
• fofue; lk/; foys[k vf/kfu;e ds varxZr lwpuk ds vHkko esa fcy rFkk pSd dh
vof/k 3 ekg ekuh tk,xhA
• tc fcy dh vof/k lekIr gksrh gS rc fcy dh Due Date izkIr gksrh gS vkSj
mlesa vuqxzg ds rhu fnu tksM+us ds i'pkr fcy dh Maturity Date Kkr
gksrh gSA
• vxj fcy dh ifjiDork frfFk dks lkoZtfud ?kksf"kr vodk'k gks rks Bhd iwoZ
(Preceding working) dk dk;Z fnol gksxhA
• vxj ifjiDork frfFk dks vkdfLed vodk'k gks rks ifjiDork frfFk Bhd vxyk
dk;Z fnol gksxhA
• lkoZtfud ?kksf"kr vodk'k fuEu gS&
(i) 26 tuojh
(ii) 15 vxLr
(iii) 2 vDVwcj
(iv) jfookj
• fofue; lk/; foys[k vf/kfu;e esa ?kksf"kr fd, x, vodk'k vkdfLed vodk'k gksrs gSaA
• fcy esa vof/k dh x.kuk fcy fy[kus dh frfFk ls djrs gSa ysfdu ;fn fcy
n'kZuksijkUr@mÙkjorhZ gSa rks mlesa vof/k dh x.kuk fcy Lohd`fr dh frfFk ls
djrs gSaA
• vxj fcy fnuksa esa fn;k tk, rks Calculation Days esa djsaxsA ;fn
Months esa fn;k tk, rks Calculation Months esa djsaxsA
Note:- Leap year esa Qjojh esa fnu 29 ekus tk,axsA
vuqxzg fcy@ikjLifjd@lgk;rkFkZ fcy (Accommodation Bill)
• ,sls fcyksa esa izfrQy dk vHkko gksrk gSA
• ,sls fcy rc vfLrRo esa vkrs gSa tc O;kikfjd fe= ,d&nwljs dh vYidkyhu
foÙkh; lgk;rk djrs gSa vkSj nksuksa i{kdkjksa dks /ku dh vko';drk gksA
• fcy dks Bank ls Hkquk;k tkrk gS vkSj izkIr 'kq) jkf'k dks lger vuqikr esa
ckaV ysrs gSaA ftl vuqikr esa jkf'k;ka ckaVh tkrh gSa] mlh vuqikr esa cV~Vs dks Hkh
ckaVk tk,xkA
• ifjiDork frfFk@ns; frfFk dks fcy dh dqy jkf'k@ldy jkf'k okil ykSVk nh
tk,xhA
fcy dks vof/k ls iwoZ Retired djuk@ Rebate djuk
• tc fcy dk LohdkjdrkZ (B) ifjiDork frfFk ls igys gh vxj fcy dks Hkqxrku
djuk pkgrk gS] rks ,slh fLFkfr esa gesa mls Cash discount nsuk iM+sxkA
mlh Cash Discount dks ;gka Rebate dgrs gSaA
izfrKk i=@opu i= (Promissory Note)
• izfrKk i= esa 2 i{kdkj gksrs gSaA (Promissoer & Promissee)
• ;gka opu i= (B) ds }kjk fy[kk tkrk gSA
• opu i= ds fy, Lohd`fr dh vko';drk ugha gksrh gSA
• RBI ds fn'kk&funsZ'kkuqlkj izfrKk i= okgd dks ns; ugha gks ldrkA
• izfrKk i= fyf[kr] 'krZ jfgr] Hkqxrku dk opu gksrk gSA
• opu i= esa ys[kd (B) rFkk izkIrdrkZ ,d gh O;fDr ugha gks ldrs gSaA
• fofue; foi= dk izkFkfed nkf;Ro LohdkjdrkZ dk gksxkA
1. fuEu esa ls dkSu lk izi= ,d cspku lk/; izi= ugha gS\
(a) okgd pSd
(b) izfrKk i=
(c) js[kkafdr pSd
(d) fofue; i=
Which of the following instruments is not a negotiable
instrument?
(a) Barer Cheque
(b) Promissory Note
(c) Crossed Cheque
(d) Bills of Exchange
2. fofue; foi= esa Hkqxrku dk izkFkfed nkf;Ro--------------fdldk gksxk\
(a) ys[kd
(b) Lohdkj drkZ
(c) cSad
The primary liability of bill of exchange is on:
(a) Drawer
(b) Acceptor
(c) Bank
(d) None
3. ,Dl okbZ ij ,d foi= fy[krk gSA ,Dl us foi= dks tsM+ dks cspku dj fn;kA
-------------------foi= dk Hkqxrku izkIrdÙkkZ gksxkA
(a) ,Dl
(b) okbZ
(c) tsM
(d) dksbZ ugha
X draws a bill on Y. X endorsed the bill to Z. _____will
be the payee of the bill
(a) X
(b) Y
(c) Z
(d) None
4. buesa ls dkSu lk okD; vlR; gSa\
(a) fudjkbZ izHkkj ys[kd dk O;; gksrk gS
(b) fofue; i= esa ,d fuf'pr jkf'k pqdkus dk vkns'k gksuk pkfg,
(c) ys[kd rFkk izkIrdrkZ ,d gh O;fDr gks ldrs gSaA
(d) fofue; i= cspku fd;k tkrk gS ¼vFkkZr ;g fdlh vU; O;fDr dks Hkstk
tk ldrk gSa½
Which of the following statements is not true?
(a) Noting charges are expenses of drawer
(b) The bill of exchange must contain an order to pay
(c) The drawer and payee can be same person
(d) A bill of exchange can be endorsed (i.e. passed on
to another person).
5. fofue; i= dk LohdkjdrkZ dkSu gksrk gS\
(a) nsunkj
(b) ysunkj
(c) foØsrk
Who is the acceptor of “Bill of Exchange”?
(a) Debtor
(b) Creditor
(c) Seller
(d) None
6. fofue; foi= ds i{kdkj gS&
(a) vkns'kd
(b) vknsf'krh
(c) izkIrdrkZ
(d) mijksDr lHkh
Parties to a bill of exchange are
(a) Drawer
(b) Drawee
(c) Payee
7. esa- HkkLdj.k ,.M da- us esa- lqjsUnzu ,.M da- vFkok okgd dks ns; rhu ekg dk
6000 :- dk ,d foi= 1.1.2006 dks esa iVsy ,.M da- ij fy[kkA ;gk¡--------
------izkIrdrkZ gksxkA
(a) esa HkkLdj.k ,.M da-
(b) esa iVsy ,.M da-
(c) esa- lqjsnzu ,.M da- vFkok okgd
(d) mijksDr lHkh
7. M/S Bhaskaran & Co. drew a three months‟ bill of Rs.
6,000 on M/s Patel & Co. on 1.1.2006 payable to M/S
Surendran & Co. or bearer. Here the payee will be
(a) M/s Bhaskaran & Co.
(b) M/s Patel & Co.
(c) M/s Surendran & Co. or bearer.
8. ,d fofu;e foi= ok¡fNr djrk gS&
(a) uksfVax
(b) iath;u
(c) Lohd`fr
A bill of exchange requires
(a) Noting.
(b) Registration.
(c) Acceptance.
9. ,d O;fDr }kjk tks bls fu/kkZfjr frfFk ij Hkqxrku djus gsrq nk;h gS fofue;
foi=----------------dgk tkrk gSA
(a) izkI; foi=
(b) uksV fd;k gqvk fofue; foi=
(c) ns; foi=
A bill of exchange is called a _______ by one who is
liable to pay it on the due date.
(a) Bill receivable.
(b) Noted bill of exchange.
(c) Bill payable.
10. fofue; foi= dk Lohdkj drkZ gksrk gS
(a) ysunkj
(b) foØsrk
(c) nsunkj
Who is the acceptor of Bills of Exchange?
(a) Creditor
(b) Seller
(c) Debtor
11. izkI; foi= gS ,d
(a) pkyw lEifÙk
(b) LFkkbZ lEifÙk
(c) n`'; lEifÙk
(d) vn`'; lEifÙk
B/R is a
(a) Current asset
(b) Fixed asset
(c) Fictitious asset
(d) Intangible asset
12. fofue; foi= dh dVkSfr] cspku o laxzg.k fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) vkns'kd }kjk
(b) vknsf'krh }kjk
(c) cSad }kjk
(d) ysunkj }kjk
Discounting, endorsement and collection of bills of
exchange is made by
(a) Drawer
(b) Drawee
(c) Bank
(d) Creditor
13. ys[kkadu izkI; [kkrk gksrk gS
(a) ,d nkf;Ro
(b) ,d lEifÙk
(c) ,d O;;
(d) ,d vkxe
Account receivable is
(a) A Liability
(b) An Asset
(c) An Expense
(d) A Revenue
14. X us Y ij ,d fcy fy[kkA X us fcy Z dks cspku dj fn;kA fcy dk
izkIrdÙkkZ gksxk%
(a) X
(b) Z
(c) Y
(d) dksbZ ughA
X draws a bill on Y. X endorsed the bill to Z. The payee
of the bill will be
(a) X
(b) Z
(c) Y
(d) None
15. dqUry us ,d fcy 3,000 :- ds fy, “;ke ij fy[kkA dqUry us bls jke dks
cspku dj fn;kA jke us bls jghe dks cspku dj fn;kA fcy dks izkIrdÙkkZ gksxk%
(a) dqUry (b) jke
(c) ';ke (d) jghe
Kuntal draws a bill on shyam for Rs. 3,000. Kuntal
endorsed it to Ram. Ram endorsed it to Rahim. The
payee of the bill will be:
(a) Kuntal
(b) Ram
(c) Shyam
(d) Rahim
16. fuEu esa Lks d©u Lks dFku Lkgh gS?
(a) ,d fcy d¨ n¨ ckj Lks vf/kd cspku ugÈ fd;k tk Lkdrk gSA -
(b) ,d fcy d¨ Øsrk }kjk fy[kk tkrk gSA
(c) ,d fcy esa pqdkus dh 'krZghu ÁfrKk g¨rh gSA
(d) fcy ds vuknj.k dh n'kk esa fudjkbZ ÁÒkj _.kh }kjk gh ogu fd;s tkrs gSA
Which of the following statements is true?

(a) A bill cannot be endorsed more than two times
(b) A bill is drawn by purchaser
(c) A bill contains an unconditional promise to pay
(d) Noting charges are borne by the drawee in the
event of dishonour of bill.
17. fuEu esa Lks d©u Lkk dFku vLkR; gS
(a) fofue; i= ,d cspku&Lkk/; Ái= gSA
(b) fofue; i= d¨ _.kh }kjk Lohdkj fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA
(c) fofue; i= ds LkEcU/k esa rhu i{kdkj g¨ Lkdrs gS & vknkrk; _.kh rFkk
ÁkIrdrkZ
(d) e©f[kd fofue; i= oS/k g¨rk gSA
Which of the following statement is false.
(a) B/R is a negotiable instrument
(b) B/R must be accepted by drawee
(c) There can be three parties in respect of bills of
exchange-drawer, drawee & payee
(d) Oral bill of exchange is also valid.
18. e¨gu ds i{k esa gekjk 5000 #- dk ÁfrKki= mLkds ikLk 5000 #- dh
rkfu;k dh LohÑfr Òstdj fuLrkfjr fd;k x;kA ok¡fNr & j¨tukepk Áfof"V
g¨xh
A promissory note for Rs.5,000 in favour of Mohan
settled by sending him Tania‟s acceptance for
Rs.5,000. The required Journal entry will be
(a) Mohan Dr. Rs.5,000
To Tania Rs.5,000
(b) Tania Dr. Rs. 5000
To Mohan Rs. 5000
(c) Bill receivable Dr. Rs. 5000
To Bills payable Rs. 5000
(d) Bill payable Dr. Rs. 5000
To Bills receivable Rs. 5000
19. Òkjrh; fjtoZ cSad vf/kfu;e ds Áko/kkuä ds vuqLkkj ,d ÁfrKki= d¨ ns; ugÈ
cuk;k tk Lkdrk gS
(a) cSad d¨
(b) i`"BkadudrkZ d¨
(c) okgd d¨
(d) mij¨ä esa Lks d¨bZ ugÈ
According to the provisions of Reserve Bank of India
Act, a promissory note cannot be made payable to
the:
(a) Bank.
(b) Endorser
(c) Bearer.
20. ,d ÁfrKki= vko';d ugÈ djrk
(a) u¨ÇVx
(b) dV©rh
(c) LohÑfr
A promissory note does not require

(a) Noting.
(b) Discounting.
(c) Acceptance
21. ,d ÁfrKk i= ,d fyf[kr gLrk{kj Lkfgr i= gSa ftLkdk fy[kus okyk ---------
,d fuf”pr jkf'k nsus dh ÁfrKk djrk gSaA
(a) Lk'krZ
(b) fcuk Lk'krZ
(c) nüä (a) v©j (b)
(d) ;k r¨ (a) ;k (b)
A promissory note is an instrument in writing
containing an
(a) Conditional
(b) Unconditional
(c) Both (a) & (b)
(d) Either (a) or (b)
22. opu i= d¨ gLrk{kfjr fd;k tkrk gS
(a) ys[kd }kjk
(b) _.kh }kjk
(c) vknkrk }kjk
(d) opunkrk }kjk
The promissory note should be signed by:

(a) Drawer
(b) Drawee
(c) Payee
(d) Promiser
23. A us B ij ,d fofue; i= fy[kk, ijUrq B us mLks Lohdkj ugÈ fd;kA A dh
cfg;ä esa D;k ys[kk dh tk,xh?
(a) ÁkI; foi= [kkrk MsfcV, B [kkrk ØsfMV
(b) B [kkrk MsfcV, ns; foi= [kkrk ØsfMV
(c) B [kkrk MsfcV, ÁkI; foi= [kkrk ØsfMV
(d) d¨bZ ys[kk ugÈ g¨xh
23. „A‟ Draws a bill on „B‟ but „B‟ did not accept the same.
Which of the following Journal entry should be
passed in the books of „A‟.
(a) Bills Receivable A/C Dr.
To B
(b) B Dr.
To Bills Payable A/C
(c) B Dr.
To Bills Receivable A/C
(d) No entry will be required/passed
24. cspkfur ÁkI; fcyä d¨ MsfcV fd;k tkrk gS
(a) ns; foi= [kkrk
(b) nsunkj [kkrk
(c) cspkfur O;fä [kkrk
(d) ÁkI; foi= [kkrk
Bills receivable endorsed are debited to

(a) Bills Payable A/C
(b) Debtor‟s A/C
(c) Endorsee A/C
(d) Bills Receivable A/C
25. eS- jSDLk us jchu }kjk fy[kk x;k ,d fcy Lohdkj fd;kA fe- jchu us fcy d¨
'ks[kj d¨ cspku dj fn;kA ns; frfFk d¨ fcy vuk„r g¨ x;k D;äfd jSDLk
fnokfy;k g¨ x;k FkkA jchu dh iqLrdä esa fcy ds vuknj.k d¨ fjdMZ djus
ds fy, fuEu [kkrs ØSfMV fd;s tkus pkfg;s?
(a) fe- jSDLk dk [kkrk
(b) ÁkI; foi= [kkrk
(c) fe- 'ks[kj dk [kkrk
(d) ns; foi= [kkrk
25. Mr. Rex accepted a bill drawn by Mr. Rabin, Mr. Rabin
endorsed the bill to Mr. Shekar. On the due date, the
bill is dishonored as Mr. Rex became insolvent. To
record the dishonor of the bill in the books of Mr.
Rabin, which of the following accounts should be
credited?
(a) Mr. Rex‟s account
(b) Bills Receivable account.
(c) Mr. Shekar‟s account
(d) Bill Payable account
26. fuEu Lkwpuk Lks crkb;s d©u fcy fy[k Lkdrk gS ;fn A us B d¨ eky cspk g¨
(a) A ,d fcy B ij fy[ksxk
(b) B,d fcy A ij fy[ksxk
(c) d¨bZ ugÈA
(d) r`rh; i{kdkj ,d fcy Aij fy[ksxkA
From the following information, find out who can

draw the bill if Mr. A sold goods to B:
(a) A will draw a bill on B
(b) B will draw a bill on A
(c) None of these
(d) Third party will draw a bill on A
27. 16.6.2005 d¨ ,DLk 30 fnu dk 25000 #- dk ,d foi= okbZ ij
fy[krk gSA 19 tqykbZ d¨ LkkoZtfud vodk'k gS, foi= dh ifjiDork frfFk
g¨xh
(a) 19 tqykbZ (b) 18 tqykbZ
(c) 17 tqykbZ (d) 16 tqykbZ
On 16.6.05 X draws a bill on Y for Rs. 25,000 for 30
days. 19th July is a public holiday, maturity date of
the bill will be:
(a) 19th July
(b) 18th July
(c) 17th July
(d) 16th July
28. Òqxrku frfFk ij tc vkdfLed NqVVh g¨ r¨ Òqxrku frfFk g¨xh?
(a) vxys dk;Z fnoLk ij
(b) fiNys fnu
(c) mLkh fnu
(d) buesa Lks d¨bZ ugÈ
In case of sudden holiday, maturity date falls on:

(a) Next following day
(c) On the same day
(b) Previous day
29. 12 ebZ 2008 d¨ A us B ij 3 ekg dk ,d fcy 15,000 #- ds fy,
fy[kkA fcy dh ifjiDork frfFk g¨xh
(a) 15 vxLr, 2008
(b) 14 vxLr, 2008
(c) 16 vxLr, 2008
(d) 12 vxLr, 2008
A draws bill of exchange on B for Rs. 15,000 for 3
months on 12th May 2008. What will be the maturity
date?
(a) 15th August, 2008
(b) 14th August, 2008
(c) 16th August, 2008
(d) 12th August, 2008
30. ,d foi= vof/k n'kZu mijkUr 30 fnu fd gS t¨ fd 1 tuojh d¨ fy[kk x;k
rFkk 8 tuojh d¨ LohÑr gqvk mLkdh ifjiDork frfFk D;k g¨xhA
(a) 7 tuojh
(b) 10 Qjojh
(c) 11 Qjojh
(d) buesa Lks d¨bZ ugÈ
If a bill is drawn on 1st Jan, and accepted on 8th Jan.
What will be the maturity date of the bill if the term of
the bill is 30 days of the bill is 30 days after sight?
(a) 7th January
(b) 10th February
(c) 11th February
(d) None
31. ,d fcy 10,000 Lk dk 12 ebZ d¨ fy[kk x;k fcy fd vof/k 3 ekg gS r¨
fcy fd ifjiDork frfFk g¨xh?
(a) 12 vxLr
(b) 14 vxLr
(c) 15 vxLr
(d) 13 vxLr
Bill was drawn for Rs. 10,000 on 12th May. Term of the
Bill was three months. The maturity date of the bill
will be_______.
(a) 12th August
(b) 14th August
(c) 15th August
(d) 13th August
32. , us 28 ekpZ, 2010 d¨ ,d ekg dk mÙkj&„'; ,d foi= fy[kkA LohÑfr
dh frfFk 2 vÁSy, 2010 gSA foi= dh ifjiDork frfFk g¨xh
(a) 1 ebZ 2010
(b) 28 vÁsy 2010
(c) 5 ebZ 2010
(d) 2 ebZ 2010
A bill is drawn on 28th March, 2010 for one month
after sight. The date of acceptance is 2nd April, 2010.
The maturity date of the bill will be
(a) 1 May, 2010.
(b) 28th April, 2010.
(c) 5th May, 2010.
(d) 24 May, 2010.
33. ;fn foi= dh ifjiDork dh frfFk ij vodk'k g¨, r¨ foi= ifjiDo g¨xk
(a) vkxkeh dk;ZfnoLk ij
(b) vodk'k Lks iwoZ dk dk;ZfnoLk
(c) vodk'k ij
(d) vU; Lkger fnu ij
If the date of maturity of a bill is a holiday, then the
bill will mature on
(a) Next working day.
(b) Preceding working day.
(c) Holiday itself.
(d) Other agreed day.
34. ,d foi= dh ifjiDork frfFk 10 vDVwcj 2006 gSA Òkjr Lkjdkj
fofue;Lkk/; foys[k vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr 10 vDVwcj 2006 vodk'k ?k¨f"kr
djrh gS r¨ foi= ifjiDo g¨ tk;sxkA
(a) 9 vDVwcj 2006 d¨ (b) 10 vDVwcj 2006 dks
(c) 12 vDVwcj 2006 d¨ (d) 11 vDVwcj 2006 dks
The date of maturity of bill is 10th October, 2006. The
Government of India declares 10 October, 2006 as the
holiday under the Negotiable Instruments Act, then
the bill will mature on
(a) 9th October, 2006
(b) 10th October, 2006
(c) 12th October, 2006
(d) 11th October, 2006
35. , 23 fnLkEcj 2005 d¨ ch ij 1 ekg dk 10000 #- dk ,d foi= fy[krk
gSA ch }kjk foi= d¨ 25 fnLkEcj 2005 d¨ Lohdkj dj fy;k x;kA foi=
dh ifjiDork frfFk g¨xh
(a) 26 tuojh 2006
(b) 28 tuojh 2006
(c) 27 tuojh 2006
(d) 25 tuojh 2006
A draws a bill of Rs. 10,000 on B on 23 December, 2005
for one month. The bill is accepted on 25th December,
2005 by B. The maturity date of the bill will be:
(a) 26th January, 2006
(b) 28th January, 2006
(c) 27th January, 2006
(d) 25th January, 2006
36. 90 fnuä ds i'pkr ns; ,d foi= d¨ 26.2.2006 d¨ fy[kk x;k gSA foi=
(a) 30.5.2006
(b) 29.9.2006
(c) 28.5.2006
(d) 27.5.2006
A bill has been drawn on 26.2.2006 payable after 90
days. The maturity date of the bill will be ______.
(a) 30.5.2006
(b) 29.5.2006
(c) 28.5.2006
(d) 27.5.2006
37. ifjiDork dh frfFk dh x.kuk djus gsrq dky foi=ä dh n'kk esa vuqxzg
ds............fnu fn;s tkrs gSaA
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 3
(d) 5
_____days of grace are allowed in case of time bills
for calculating date of maturity.
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 3
(d) 5
38. ,d fofue; foi= 16 tqykbZ d¨ ifjiDo g¨rk gSA ;g ,d LkkoZtfud vodk'k
gSA foi= ifjiDo g¨ tk;sxk
(a) 17 tqykbZ d¨
(b) 15 tqykbZ d¨
(c) 16 tqykbZ d¨
(d) 18 tqykbZ d¨
A bill of exchange matures on 16th July. It is a public
holiday. Bill will mature on
(a) 17 July
(b) 15 July
(c) 16th July
(d) 18th July
39. 25 tuojh, 2007 d¨ jes'k dëy ij 45 fnu dk ,d foi= fy[krk gSA
foi= ifjiDork g¨rk gS
(a) ekpZ 14 d¨
(b) Qjojh 28 d¨
(c) ekpZ 10 d¨
(d) rhuä esa Lks d¨bZ ugÈ
Ramesh drew a 45 days bill on Komal on 25th Jan.,
2007. The bill falls due on
(a) March 14
(b) Feb. 28
(c) March 10
(d) None
40. 90 fnuä ds i'pkr~ ifjiDork ,d foi= 26-02-2006 d¨ fy[kk x;k, foi=
(a) 30-05-2006
(b) 29-05-2006
(c) 28-05-2006
(d) 27-05-2006
A bill has been drawn on 26.02.2006 payable after 90
days, the Maturity date of the bill will be
(a) 30.05.2006
(b) 29.05.2006
(c) 28.05.2006
(d) 27.05.2006
41. vÁSy 1, 2005 d¨, n¨ ekg dk ,d foi= fy[kk x;k FkkA Òqxrku dh
ifjiDork frfFk iM+sxh
(a) twu 1, 2005 d¨
(b) twu, 4, 2005 d¨
(c) twu 5, 2005 d¨
On April 1, 2005, a bill was drawn for two months. The
maturity date of payment will fall on:
(a) June 1, 2005
(b) June 4, 2005
(c) June 5, 2005
42. ,d fofue; foi= 1 tuojh 2010 d¨ fy[kk t¨ rhu ekg ckn ifjiDork gSA
fcy dh ifjiDork vof/k g¨xh
(a) 4 vÁSy 2010
(b) 31 ekpZ 2010
(c) 1 vÁSy 2010
(d) d¨bZ ugÈ
A bill of exchange is drawn on 1 January 2010 payable
after 3 month. The maturity date of the bill is
(a) 4 April 2010
(b) 31 March 2010
(c) 1 April 2010
43. u¨Vsjh ifCyd }kjk ,d cspkfur fcy ds vuknj.k ij yxk;s x;s fuxjkuh O;;
vUrr%&&&&&&&}kjk ogu fd;s tkrs gS
(a) fcy dk /kkjd
(b) fcy dk vnkrk
(c) _.kh
(d) ;k r¨ (a) ;k (b)
The noting charges levied on dishonour of an
endorsed bill by the notary public are to be finally
borne by
(a) Holder of the bill
(b) Drawer of the bill
(c) Drawee
44. cspku fd;k x;k fcy tc vukn`r g¨ tkrk gS r¨ fudjkbZ ÁÒkj u¨Vjh
ifCyd }kjk fdLkds }kjk ogu dh tkrh gS
(a) fcy ds vkgrkZ }kjk
(b) foi= ds /kkjd
(c) cspku fofue; i=
(d) O;fä t¨ vuknj.k ds fy, mÙkjnk;h gS
The noting charges levied on dishonor of an endorsed
bill by the Notary Public are to be born by :
(a) Drawer of the bill
(b) Holder of the bill
(c) Endorser of the bill
(d) person responsible for dishonor
45. dc fcy u¨Vjh ifCyd ds ikLk ÁLrqr fd;k tkuk g¨rk gS
(a) fcy ds fy[kus ds Lke; ij
(b) fcy dh Lohdfr ds Lke; ij
(c) fcy ds vuknj.k ij
(d) Lkaxzg.k gsrq fcy ds Lke; ij
When the bill are to be produced to notary public:

(a) At the time of drawing the bill
(b) At the time of acceptance of the bill
(c) At the time of dishonour of the bill
(d) At the time of “bill for collection”
46. fcy ds uohdj.k ij, ys[kk g¨xk
(a) d¨bZ ys[kk ugÈ fd;k tk;sxk
(b) iqjkus fcy d¨ jÌ djus dk ys[kk v©j u;s fcy cukus dk ys[kk
(c) dsoy fcy ds uohdj.k dk ys[kk
(d) buesa Lks d¨bZ ugÈA
When a bill is renewed, then entry will be:

(a) No entry will be passed
(b) Entries for cancellation of old bill and renewal of
bill
(c) Entry for renewal of bill
(d) None of these
47. foi= ds LohdkjdrkZ e¨fgr d¨ 31 ekpZ 2006 d¨ foi= dk Òqxrku djuk
gSA foÙkh; vÒko ds dkj.k og foi= dh /kujkf'k 20000 #- dk Òqxrku djus
esa vLkeFkZ jgrk gSA bLkfy,, og 20 ekpZ 2006 d¨ j¨fgr Lks 3 ekg gsrq
foi= d¨ c<+kus d¨ dgrk gSA j¨fgr 1000 #- C;kt ds LkkFk 20500 #-
dk ,d u;k foi= fy[kdj Lkk[k vof/k c<+kus ij Lkger g¨ tkrk gSA bLk
LkeL;k esa 20000 #- okyk iqjkuk foi= ekuk tk;sxk &
(a) dV©rh fd;s gq, dh Òk¡fr
(b) vuk„r dh Òk¡fr
(c) fujLr dh Òk¡fr
(d) fuo`Ùk dh Òk¡fr
47. Mohit, the acceptor of the bill has to honour a bill on
31st March 2006. Due to financial crisis, he is unable
to pay the amount of bill of Rs. 20,000. Therefore, he
approaches Rohit on 20th March 2006 for extension of
bill for further 3 months. Rohit agrees to extend the
credit period by drawing a new bill for Rs. 20,500
together with interest of Rs. 1,000 In cash. In this case
old bill of Rs. 20,000 will be considered as
(a) Discounted
(b) Dishonoured
(c) Cancelled
(d) Retired
48. fcy ds cspku dk vFkZ gSa
(a) vkgrÊ Lks fcy ds vf/kdkj d¨ ysunkj d¨ LFkkukUrfjr djuk
(b) ysunkj Lks fcy ds vf/kdkj d¨ vkgFkÊ d¨ LFkkukUrfjr djuk
(c) vkgrkZ Lks fcy ds vf/kdkj d¨ ysunkj d¨ LFkkukUrfjr djuk
(d) ysnkj }kjk fcy ds vf/kdkj d¨ vkgrkZ d¨ LFkkukUrfjr djuk
Endorsement of bill means:
(a) Transfer of right on the bill form the drawee to the
creditors
(b) Transfer of right on the bill form the Creditors to
the drawee
(c) Transfer of right on the bill form the drawer to the
creditors
(d) Transfer of right on the bill form the creditors to the
drawer
49. vuqxzg foi= dk mÌs';-------------------gSA
(a) eky ds okLrfod Ø; ;k foØ; dk foÙkh;u djuk
(b) O;kikfjd Lkapj.k dh Lkqfo/kk nsuk
(c) tc nü¨ i{kdkjä dh d¨"k¨ dh vko';drk g¨
The purpose of accommodation bill is

(a) To finance actual purchase or sale of goods
(b) To facilitate trade transmission
(c) When both parties are in need of funds
50. c us 2 ekg dk fcy 10,000 #i;s v ij fy[kkA ;g vuqxzg fcy FkkA ;g
fu.kZ; fd;k x;k nüä ÁkIr jkf'k d¨ cjkcj cVsxsA v d¨ fdruh jkf'k ÁkIr
g¨xh ;fn fcy 12 Áfr'kr okÆ"kd nj Lks cVVs ij
(a) 9800 :- (b) 5000 :-
(c) 5100 :- (d) 4900 :-
B drew a bill of Rs. 10,000 for 2 months on A for mutual
accommodation. It was decided that the proceeds will be
shared equally amongst them. How much amount will be
received by A if the bill was discounted @ 12% p.a.?
(a) Rs. 9,800
(b) Rs. 5,000
(c) Rs. 5,100
(d) Rs. 4,900
51. , ch ij ijLij Lkgk;rkFkZ ,d 30000 #- dk foi= fy[krk gSA , us mLk
foi= d¨ 28000 #- esa cSad Lks Òquk fy;k rFkk oh ds ikLk 14000 #- Òst
fn;sA ifjiDork frfFk ij , ch ds ikLk Òstsxk
(a) 14,000 #- (b) 14,500 #-
(c) 15,000 #- (d) 15,500 #-
A draws a bill on B for Rs 30,000 for mutual
accommodation. A discounted that bill for Rs. 28,000
from bank and remitted Rs.14,000 to B. On due date A
will send to B
(a) Rs. 14,000
(b) Rs. 14,500
(c) Rs. 15,000
(d) Rs. 15,500
52. 1 tuojh 2006 d¨ fu'kk ijLij vuqxzg gsrq 3 ekg dk 5000 #- dk ,d
foi= fn'kk ij fy[krh gSA mLkh fnu fn'kk 4 ekg dk ,d foi= 6000 #- ds
fy, fu'kk ij fy[krh gSA nüä foi= Øe'k% 4850 #- rFkk 5700 #- esa cSad
Lks Òquk fy;s x;s] os leku vuqikr esa foHkktu djrs gSaA ÁFke foi= dk bLkdh
fu/kkZfjr frfFk ij Òqxrku dj fn;k x;kA fu'kk dh LohÑfr dh ifjiDork frfFk
ij, fn'kk Ásf"kr djsxh
(a) 3000 #-
(b) 2850 #-
(c) 2425 #-
(d) 2500 #-
52. On 1st January 2006 Nisha draws a bill for Rs. 5,000
on Disha for 3 months for mutual accommodation. On
the same day, Disha draws a bill for Rs. 6,000 on
Nisha for 4 months. Both the bills were discounted
with the bank for Rs. 4,850 and Rs. 5,700 respectively.
50% of the receipt was sent to the other party. First
bill was met on Its due date. On the maturity date of
Nisha‟s acceptance, Disha will send
(a) Rs. 3,000.
(b) Rs. 2,850.
(c) Rs. 2,425.
(d) Rs. 2,500.
53. , 50,000 #- dk ,d foi= ch ij ijLij vuqxzg gsrq fy[krk gSA , us foi=
d¨ cSad Lks 48,000 #- esa Òquk fy;k rFkk ch ds ikLk 24,000 #- ÒstsA
fu/kkZfjr frfFk ij , ch ds ikLk Òstsxk
(a) 25,000 #- (b) 24,000 #-
(c) 23,000 #- (d) 26,000 #-
A draws a bill on B for Rs. 50,000 for mutual
accommodation. A discounted the bill for Rs. 48,000
from bank and remitted Rs. 24,000 to B. On Maturity
date A will send to B.
(a) Rs. 25,000
(b) Rs. 24,000
(c) Rs. 23,000
(d) Rs. 26,000
54. A us B ij ikjLifjd Lkgk;rk ds fy, ,d 4500 #- dk fcy fy[kk ¼vuqikr
gS 2 : 1)A A us fcy d¨ cÍk djk;k, 4,230 #- esa rFkk jkf'k dk 1/3 Òkx
B d¨ Òst fn;kA ifjiDork dh frfFk d¨ A d¨ fdruk iSLkk B d¨ Òstuk
pkfg;s rkfd fcy dk Òqxrku g¨ Lkds?
(a) 3,000 #- (b) 2,880 #-
(c) 2,920 #- (d) 3,010 #-
A draws a bill on B for Rs. 4,500 for mutual
accommodation in the ratio 2:1. A got it discounted at
4230 and remitted 1/3rd of the proceeds to B. At the
time of maturity, how much amount A should remit to
B such that B can pay off the bill?
(a) Rs. 3,000 (b) Rs. 2,880
(c) Rs. 2,920 (d) Rs. 3,010
55. 1.1.2005 d¨ ,DLk us okbZ ij 50000 #- dk foi= fy[kkA ifjiDork ij
okbZ ds fnokfy;k g¨ tkus ds dkj.k foi= vuk„r g¨dj okiLk y©V vk;k rFkk
mLkdh LkEifÙk Lks 40 iSLks Áfr :i;k gh oLkwy gq,A oLkwy gqbZ jkf'k gS
(a) 20,000 #- (b) dqN ugÈ
(c) 30,000 #- (d) 40 iSLks
On 11.05 X draw a bill on Y for Rs 50,000. At maturity,
the bill returned dishonoured as Y become insolvent
and 40 paise per rupee is recovered from his estate.
The amount recovered is:
(a) 20,000
(b) Nil
(c) 30,000
(d) 40 paise
56. tc LohdkjdrkZ fnokfy;k g¨ tkrk gSA rFkk Òqxrku djus esa vLkeFkZ g¨rk gS r¨
LohdkjdrkZ dh iqLrdä esa ys[kd d¨ ØsfMV fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) ykÒ&gkfu [kkrk
(b) ysunkj [kkrk
(c) U;wurk [kkrk
(d) d¨bZ ugÈ
When the drawee becomes insolvent, the amount not
ultimately paid to the drawer will be credited in the
books of drawee to:
(a) Profit and Loss account
(b) Sundry Creditors Account
(c) Deficiency Amount
57. x©jo Lk©jÒ d¨ m/kkj Ø; gsrq mLkds }kjk LohÑr foi= ds LkEcU/k esa 10000
#- nsus iM+rs gSaA foÙkh; vÒko ds dkj.k, x©jo foi= dk Òqxrku djus esa
vLkeFkZ jgk rFkk fnokfy;k ?k¨f"kr dj fn;k x;k v©j mLkdh LkEink Lks :i;s esa
dsoy 30 iSLks gh oLkwy g,A Lk©jÒ ds v'k¨?; _.k [kkrs esa MsfcV dh tkus
okyh /kujkf'k g¨xh
(a) 3000 #-
(b) 7000 #-
(c) 10000 #-
57. Gaurav has to pay Rs. 10,000 to Saurabh on account
of Bill accepted by him for credit purchases. Due to
financial crisis, Gaurav was unable to pay the bill and
was declared Insolvent and his estate realized only 30
paisa in a rupee. The amount to be debited to bad
debts account of Saurabh will be
(a) Rs. 3,000.
(b) Rs. 7,000.
(c) Rs. 10,000.
(d) None
58. vë us t; d¨ 2,50,000 #- dk eky cspkA t; us 1.11.06 d¨ 2 ekg ds
ckn ifjiDork ,d foi= Lohdkj fd;kA vë us foi= d¨ 15.11.06 d¨
18% okÆ"kd nj Lks Òquk fy;kA ifjiDork frfFk d¨ t; foi= dk Òqxrku
djus esa vLkQy jgkA ckn esa t; fnokfy;k gk x;k rFkk mLkdh LkEifÙk;ä Lks
50 iSLks gh fey ik;sA v'k¨/; _.k dh jkf'k ds :i esa vë iqLrdä esa fdruh
jkf'k fjdMZ dh tk;sxhA
(a) 1,25,000 #-
(b) 1,36,500 #-
(c) 94,370 #-
(d) 1,14,000 #-
58. Mr. Om sold goods worth Rs. 2,50,000 to Mr. Jai. Mr.
Jai accepted a bill on 1.11.10, payable after 2 months.
Mr. Om discounted this bill @ 18% p.a. on 15.11.10. On
the due date Mr. Jai failed to discharge the bill. Later
Mr. Jai become Insolvent and 50 paise is recovered
from Mr. Jai‟s estate. How much amount of bad debts
will be recorded in the books of Om.
(a) Rs. 1,25,000
(b) Rs. 1,36,500
(c) Rs. 94,370
(d) Rs. 1,14,000
59. vÒh us 100000 #- ds fy, 3 ekg dh vof/k dk ,d fcy jfo ij fy[kkA
ifjiDork ij fcy vuk„r okfiLk y©Vk, fudjkbZ ÁÒkj 1000 #- jgsA jfo d¨
fnokfy;k ?k¨f"kr fd;k x;k rFkk mLkdh LkEifr;ä Lks :i;s esa 30 iSLks gh fey
ik;sA jfo dh iqLrdä esa fnokfy;k güs ij fjdMZ dh tkus okyh U;wurk dh
jkf'k g¨xhA
(a) 30,000 #-
(b) 29,400 #-
(c) 35,500 #-
(d) 70,700 #-
59. Abhi draws a bill on Ravi for Rs. 1,00,000 for 3
months. At maturity, the bill returned dishonoured,
noting charges Rs. 1,000. Ravi was declared Insolvent
and only 30 paise in a rupee was recovered from his
estate. The amount of deficiency to be recorded on
Insolvency in the books of Ravi will be
(a) Rs. 30,300
(b) Rs. 29,400
(c) Rs. 35,500
(d) Rs. 70,700
60. fe- cch us 25,000 #- ewY; dk eky fe- cuh d¨ cspkA cuh us rqjUr gh
1.11.11 d¨ ,d fcy Lohdkj fd;k t¨ 2 ekg ckn ifjiDork FkkA cch us
fcy d¨ 15.11.11 d¨ 18 Áfr'kr Áfr o"kZ ds cÍs ij Òquk fy;kA ifjiDork
frfFk d¨ cuh fcy dk Òqxrku djus esa vLkQy jgkA ckn esa cuh fnokfy;k g¨
x;k rFkk mLkdh LkEifÙk;ä, Lks 50 iSLks gh oLkwy g¨ LkdsA v'k¨/; nsunkj dh
fdruh jkf'k cch dh iqLrdä esa fjdMZ dh tk;sxh
(a) 12,500 #-
(b) 9,437 #-
(c) 11,687 #-
(d) 13,630 #-
60. Mr. Bobby sold goods worth Rs. 25,000 to Mr. Bonny
Immediately accepted a bill on 1.11.2011, payable after
2 months. Bobby discounted this bill @ 18% p.a. on
15.11.2011. On the due date Bonny failed to discharge
the bill. Later on Bonny became insolvent and 50
paise is recovered from Bonny‟s estate. How much
amount of bad debt will be recorded in the books of
bobby:
(a) Rs. 12,500
(b) Rs. 9,437
(c) Rs. 11,687
(d) Rs. 13,650
61. 05-02-2006 d¨ thr }kjk fy[ks x;s 10,000 #- ds 90 fnu ds foi= d¨
Áhr us Lohdkj fd;kA 13-03-2006 d¨, Áhr us foi= dh Lke; iwoZ Òqxrku
djus dh bPNk dhA thr us 12% Áfr o"kZ NwV ÁLrkfor dhA 360 fnu dk
o"kZ ekurs gq,, NwV dh jkf'k g¨xh
(a) 150 #- (b) 180 #-
(c) 184 #- (d) rhuä esa Lks d¨bZ ugÈ
Preet accepted a 90 days bill of Rs. 10,000 drawn by
Jeet on 05.02.2010. On 13.03.2010, Preet wished to
retire the bill. Jeet offered rebate @ 12% p.a.
Considering the year of 360 days, rebate amount will
be
(a) Rs. 150 (b) Rs. 180
(c) Rs. 184 (d) None
62. ;fn fcy Lohdkj fd;k tkrk gSa v©j jde fu;r frfFk ¼ifjiDork frfFk½ Lks iwoZ
nh tkrh gSa rc fcy dgk tkrk gSaA
(a) ¼dsfULky½ jÌ
(b) LohÑr
(c) fjVk;MZ
(d) vuknr
If the bill is accepted and the amount is given before
the due date (i.e. maturity), then the bill is said to be
(a) Cancelled
(b) Accepted
(c) Retired
(d) Dishonour
63. cSad Lks fcy d¨ Òqukus Lks güs okys nkf;Ro d¨ ekuk tk,xk
(a) nkf;Ro ugÈ ekuk tk,xk
(b) pkyw nkf;Ro
(c) vLFkfxr nkf;Ro
(d) LkafnX/k nkf;Ro
“Liability on account of bills discounted with Bank”
will be treated as:
(a) Not a liability
(b) Current Liability
(c) Deferred liability
(d) Contingent Liability
64. Òquk;s x;s foi= dk nkf;Ro g¨rk gS ?
(a) vYidkyhu nkf;Ro
(b) nh?kZdkyhu nkf;Ro
(c) pkyw nkf;Ro
(d) LkafnX/k nkf;Ro
Liability for the bill discounted is a__________.

(a) Short term liability
(c) Current liability
(b) Long term liability
(d) Contingent liability
65. vkns'kd }kjk foi= dk Òquk;k tkuk-------------------ds LkkFk g¨rk gS
(a) ysunkj
(b) vknsf'krh
(c) cSad
(d) u¨Vjh ifCyd
Discounting of bill by the drawer is done with ______.

(a) Creditor.
(b) Drawee.
(c) Bank.
(d) Notary public.
66. fe- vkdk'k 1.1.06 d¨ 3 ekg dk ,d foi= 30,000 #- ds fy, fe- ;'k
ij fy[krk gSA 4.02.06 d¨ fe- vkdk'k us 12% ij foi= d¨ dV©rh djk
fy;kA dV©rh dh /kujkf'k g¨xh
(a) 900 #-
(b) 600 #-
(c) 300 #-
(d) 650 #-
Mr. Aakash draws a bill on Mr. Yash for Rs. 30,000 on
1.1.06 for 3 months. On 4.2.10. Mr. Aakash got the bill
discounted at 12%. The amount of discount will be:
(a) Rs. 900
(b) Rs. 600
(c) Rs. 300
(d) Rs. 650
67. ysunkj ds }kjk ns; foi= d¨ Òquk;k x;k bLks ntZ fd;k tk;sxk?
(a) tuZy
(b) [kkrk cgh
(c) cSad cgh
(d) d¨bZ Áof"V vko';d ugÈ
“Bills payable discounted in cash by creditor.” This

transaction will be recorded in
(a) Journal
(b) Ledger
(c) Bank book
(d) No entry required to be made
68. 1 tuojh 2011 dks ,Dl us okbZ ij 30,000 :- dk fcy fy[kkA ifjiDork
ij fcy vuknfjr gks x;k rFkk ,Dl us uksfVax pktsZt ds 100 :i;s
pqdk;sA ,Dl us okbZ ds fuosnu ij nks ekg dk ,d u;k fcy 602 :- dk
¼C;kt lfgr½ fy[kkA C;kt dh nj gksxh%
(a) 12% (b) 11%
(c) 10% (d) 14%
On 01.01.2011, X draws a bill on Y for Rs. 30,000. At
maturity, bill was dishonoured and X paid noting
charges of Rs. 100 on it. Y requested X to draw a fresh
bill for 2 months together with interest of Rs. 602. The
rate of interest applied is.
(a) 12% (b) 11%
(c) 10% (d) 14%
69. X us Y d¨ 1,00,000 #i;s dk eky cspkA Y us 30,000 #i;s udn
pqdk;sA X us 'ks"k ij 2 Áfr'kr dh NwV nh rFkk Y us ÁkFkZuk dh 'ks"k ds fy,
,d fcy fy[ksa, fcy dh jkf'k g¨xh
(a) 98,000 #-
(b) 68,000 #-
(c) 68,600 #-
(d) 70,000 #-
X sold goods to Y for Rs. 1,00,000, Y paid cash Rs.
30,000. X will grant 2% discount on balance, and Y
request X to draw a bill for balance, the amount of bill
will be:
(a) Rs. 98,000 (b) Rs. 68.000
(c) Rs. 68,600 (d) Rs. 70,000
70. 1.1.11 d¨ X us 50,000 #i;s ds fy, Y ij 3 ekg dk ,d fcy fy[kkA X
us 4.1.11 d¨ 12 Áfr'kr dh nj Lks fcy d¨ Òquk fy;kA fcy ij cÍs dh
jde g¨xh
(a) 1,500 #-
(b) 1,600 #-
(c) 1,800 #-
(d) 1,450 #-
On 1.1.2011, X draws a bill on Y for Rs. 50,000 for 3
months X got the bill discounted 4.1.2011 at 12% rate.
The amount of discount on bill will be:
(a) Rs. 1,500
(b) Rs. 1,600
(c) Rs. 1,800
(d) Rs. 1,450
71. , dh ch d¨ 8,000 #- dh LohÑfr 3 ekg esa bLk 'krZ ij uohuhÑr dh x;h
fd 4,000 #- “kh?kz gh udn fn;k tk, rFkk 'ks"k jkf'k ij 12% Áfr o"kZ dh
nj ij C;kt yxk;k tk,A C;kt dh jkf'k g¨xh
(a) 120 #-
(b) 100 #-
(c) 80 #-
(d) 160 #-
A‟s acceptance to B for Rs. 8,000 renewed for 3
months on the condition that Rs. 4,000 be paid in
cash immediately and the remaining amount will carry
interest @ 12% p.a. The amount of Interest will be
(a) Rs. 120 (b) Rs. 100
(c) Rs. 80 (d) Rs. 160
72. 1.6.2007 d¨ X ,d fcy Y ij 25000 #- ds fy, fy[krk gSA ifjiDork
ij fcy dk vuknj.k g¨ tkrk gS rFkk 100 #- fudjkbZ ÁÒkj yxsA Y ÁkFkZuk
djrk gS fd X 5,100 #- udn Lohdkj dj ys rFkk 'ks"k ds fy, 2 ekg dk
12% okÆ"kd C;kt ds LkkFk ,d u;k fcy fy[k nsA C;kt dh jkf'k g¨xh
(a) 440 #- (b) 402 #-
(c) 420 #- (d) 400 #-
On 1.6.09 X draws a billon Y for Rs. 25,000. At maturity
bill was dishonoured and noting charges incurred Rs.
100. Y requested X to accept Rs. 5,100 in cash and for
the balance X draws a bill on Y for 2 months at 12%
p.a. Interest amount will be
(a) Rs. 440 (b) Rs. 402
(c) Rs. 420 (d) Rs. 400
73. 1 tuojh 2006 d¨ 10,000 #- jkf'k ds fy, f'kYik us 3 ekg dk fcy
Lohdkj fd;kA ifjiDork frfFk d¨ f'kYik fcy dh jkf'k pqdkus esa vLkeFkZ jgh
rFkk mLkus 4,000 #- Òqxrku fd;k v©j vkxzg fd;k fd ,d u;k fcy 3 ekg
ds fy, 'ks"k jkf'k ds fy, 15% Áfr o"kZ dh nj Lks fy[k ns A C;kt dh jkf'k
g¨xh%
(a) 200 #-
(b) 225 #-
(c) 500 #-
(d) 900 #-
73. On 1st January Shilpa owes Rs. 10,000 and accepts a
3 Month bill for the amount on the date maturity shilpa
was not able to meet the bill. She pays Rs. 4000 and
asks to draw another bill for three months for the
balance amount with Interest @ 15% p.a. The amount
of Interest will be:
(a) Rs. 200
(b) Rs. 225
(c) Rs. 500
(d) Rs. 900
74. ,d fofue; foi=, LohdrkZ }kjk Òqxrku djus Lks euk djus ij fcy dgykrk
gSaA
(a) fcy dh u¨ÇVx
(b) fcy dk vuknj.k
(c) fcy dk uohuhdj.k
(d) fcy dk cÍk
A bill not paid by drawee on due date is called

(a) Noting of bill
(b) Dishonour of bill
(c) Renewal of bill
(d) Discounting of bill
75. ;fn pSd dk vuknj.k g¨ tkrk gS r¨ Áfof"V dh tk;sxhA
(a) cSd iqLrd
(b) BIR iqLrd
(c) foØ; iqLrd
(d) Ø; iqLrd
If a cheque is dishonoured, then the entry will be

passed in
(a) Bank Book
(b) B/R Book
(c) Sales Book
(d) Purchase Book
76. ,d 12000 #- dk foi= cSadj Lks 11880 #- esa Òquk fy;k x;kA ifjiDork
ij, foi= frjLÑr g¨dj okiLk vk x;k, u¨Vjh O;; 20 #- gq,A ,sLks frjLdkj
ds Lke; cSad fdruh /kujkf'k d¨ , ds cSad 'ks"k Lks dkVsxk?
(a) 12000 #- (b) 11880 #-
(c) 12020 #- (d) 11900 #-
A bill of 12,000 was discounted by A with the banker
for 11,880, At maturity, the bill returned dishonoured,
noting charges Rs 20. How much amount will the bank
deduct from A‟s bank balance at the time of such
dishonour?
(a) 12,000
(b) 11,880
(c) 12,020
(d) 11,900
77. X ,d Lkgk;rkFkZ fcy 7,000 #- ds fy, Y ij fy[krk gSA 'kq}jkf'k 3: 2 esa
X rFkk Y esa cVh tkrh gSA fcy d¨ 6,700 #- esa Òquk;k x;k x }kjk ogu
fd;k tkus okyk cÍk g¨xk
(a) 120 #- (b) 'kwU;
(c) 300 #- (d) 180 #-
X draws an accommodation bill on Y for Rs. 7,000.
The proceeds are to be shared in X and Y in the ratio
of 3:2. The bill was discounted for Rs. 6,700. Discount
borne by X will be
(a) Rs. 120
(b) Rs. Nil
(c) Rs. 300
(d) Rs. 180
78. fdLk [kkrs esa ØsfMV fd;k tk;sxk tc ,d cspku fcy vuk„r g¨ tkrk gSa?
(a) nsunkj
(b) ÁkI; fcy
(c) i`"Bkafdrh
(d) vnkrk
Which account is to be credited when an endorsed

cheque is dishonoured?
(a) Debtor
(b) Bill Receivable
(c) Endorsee
(d) Payee
79. fcy dk vuknj.k fjdkMZ fd;k tkrk gSaA
(a) j¨dM+ cgh esa
(b) fcØh cgh esa
(c) Ø; cgh esa
(d) ÁkI; fcy cgh esa
Dishonour of a bill is recorded in

(a) Cash Book
(b) Sales Book
(c) Purchase Book
(d) Bills Receivable Book
80. ,d QeZ vf/kdkf/kd ek=k esa fu;fer :i Lks ÁfrKk i= cukrh gS, Lkqfo/kk ds
„f"Vd¨.k Lks bUgsa dgka ntZ fd;k tkuk pkfg,
(a) ÁkI; fcy cgh
(b) ns; fcy cgh
(c) j¨tukepk
(d) foØ; cgh
If a firm makes a number of Promissory Notes usually, it

would be convenient to record the transaction in:
(a) Bills Receivable
(b) Bills Payable Book
(c) Journal Proper
(d) Sales Book
ANSWER KEY
1 C 2 B 3 C 4 A 5 A
6 D 7 C 8 C 9 C 10 C
11 A 12 A 13 B 14 B 15 D
16 D 17 D 18 D 19 C 20 C
21 B 22 D 23 D 24 C 25 C
26 A 27 B 28 A 29 B 30 B
31 B 32 C 33 B 34 A 35 D
36 A 37 C 38 B 39 A 40 A
41 B 42 A 43 C 44 D 45 C
46 B 47 C 48 C 49 C 50 D
51 C 52 A 53 A 54 A 55 A
56 C 57 B 58 A 59 D 60 A
61 B 62 C 63 D 64 D 65 C
66 B 67 D 68 A 69 C 70 A
71 A 72 D 73 B 74 B 75 A
76 C 77 D 78 C 79 D 80 A
Chapter –1
Unit-IV
Capital and Revenue
Expenditure and
Receipts
(1) Capital Expenditure
• Benefits of these expenditure will be received for the
following period-
(i) Long term
(ii) For future period
(iii) For more than one year
• Such expenditure is related to Balance Sheet only not

with Profit & Loss Account A/c.
• And all capital expenditures belongs to assets side of
balance sheet, not to the liability side
• And the assets belongs to fixed assets only
• All expenses incurred upto ready to put to use will be
known as capital expenditure.
• Therefore an accountant should sum up all the
expenditure upto Ready to put to use and this will be
form historical cost of fixed assets.
• And the accountant should debited respective fixed as
set account with this historical cost.
• And this historical cost will be shown on B/S and this
will be depreciating from ready to put to use date.
• And if any expenditure is require or mandatory to
construct / bring into existence then such. Expenditure
will also be called as Capital Expenditure. Such as the
construction of temporary huts.
• And the expenses incurred after ready to put to use are
normally revenue nature expense but if due to such
expenditure any increases in the capacity or working
life or permanent reduction in the requirement of
working capital expense then such expenditure will al
so be known as capital expenditure.
Note: - If the business gives any kind of advance or
guarantees or security deposit then this will be
classified as an asset not as a expense.
1. Capital Expenditure will be shown in?
(a) Balance sheet
(b) Profit and loss account
(c) Trading account
(d) Manufacturing account
2. The Benefits of capital expenditure will be received
for the following periods:
(a) Short term
(b) Long term
(c) Very short term
3. Wages paid for machinery installation will be debited
to?
(a) Wages A/c
(b) Machine A/c
(c) Cash A/c
4. Temporary huts costing Rs. 5 lakhs constructed at the
time of the construction of the cinema hall, which
were demolished after the construction of the cinema
hall are which nature of expense.
(a) Capital expenditure
(b) Revenue expense
(c) Deferred revenue expenditure
(2) Revenue Expense
• Benefits of such expenditure will be received for the
following period-
(i) For short term
(ii) For current period
(iii) For one accounting year
• If any expense incurred after ready to put to use to
maintain in running condition then these expenditure
will also be known as revenue expense.
• Generally the following words are used for revenue
expense-
(i) Annual Charges
(ii) Maintenance / Repair Charges
(iii) Renewal Charges
(iv) Penalty
(v) Compensation of Breach of Contract
(vi) Legal Dispute Fees
Note- Capital expenditure is also known as unexpired.
Expenditure and revenue expense will be known as
expired expense.
5. Revenue expense will be shown in…….
(a) Manufacturing A/c
(b) Trading A/c
(c) Profit and Loss account
6. Repair incurred on old machinery will be
(b) Revenue expense
(3) Deferred Revenue Expenditure
• These expenses are Basically/primarily are of revenue
nature but if both of the following conditions are met,
then such expenditure will be classified as Deferred
Revenue Expenditure.
(A) The amount of such expenditure should be huge
(B) There is a possibility of getting benefits of such
expenditure will be more than one year (usually 1 to 5
years).
Examples
• Advertising expense = Revenue expenditure
• Heavy advertisement expense = Deferred revenue
expenditure
• Unsuccessful heavy advertisement expense =
Revenue expense
• Advertisement expense for new product = Deferred
Revenue expense
7. Nature of heavy Advertising Expenditure will be
(a) Capital
(b) Revenue
(c) Deferred Revenue
8. Advertisement expense will be

(a) Capital
(b) Revenue
(d) Asset
(4) Capital Receipts
• Capital receipts are will be shown in B/S, not in Profit
& Loss Account.
Examples
• Receipts from sale of old Machine / Assets
• Entrance fees
• Receipt from issue of shares (E/S, P/S)
• Security Premium
• Issue of Debenture
• Insurance claim received against Assets Destroyed.
• Bank loan receipts
9. Receipt from sale of old machinery will be:
(a) Capital
(b) Revenue
10. Nature of the entrance fee:

(a) Capital
(b) Revenue
(d) Asset
(5) Revenue Receipts
• Such receipts are shown on the credit side of the
trading account and Profit and Loss account.
Example
• Receipts from sale of goods
• Receipts of rent, interest, dividend, commission
• Insurance claim received against good destroyed by
fire
• Bad debt recovered
Capital & Revenue Expenditure & Receipt
Questions Set
1. Which of the following are of capital nature?

(a) Purchase of a goods
(b) Cost of repair
(c) Wages paid for installation of machinery
(d) Rent of a factory
2. A second hand car is purchased for Rs. 10,000, the
amount of Rs. 1,000 is spent on its repairs, Re. 500 is
incurred to get the car registered in owner’s name and Re.
1,200 is paid as dealer’s commission. The amount debited
to car account will be
(a) Re. 10,000.
(b) Rs. 10,500.
(c) Rs. 11,500.
(d) Rs. 12,700.
3. Rs. 2,500 spent on the overhaul of machines purchased
second-hand is
(a) capital expenditure
(b) revenue expenditure
(c) deferred revenue expenditure
4. Material costing Rs.700 in the erection of the machinery

and the wages paid for it amounting to Rs. 400 should be
debited to
(a) Material account. (b) Wages account.
(c) Purchases account. (d) Machinery account.
5. Rs. 5,000 was spent by Mrs. Saroj for addition to
machinery in order to increase the production capacity.
The amount is:
(a) Revenue in nature.
(b) Deferred revenue in nature.
(c) Capital in nature.
(d) Liability in nature.
6. Rs. 5,000 spent on repairs of a newly purchased old motor

car is debited to____________
(a) Repairs account (b) General expenses account
(c) Motor car account (d) None of the above
7. Journal entry for wages paid Rs. 20,000 for Installation of
machinery will be
(a) Dr. wages A/c and Cr. Cash A/c Rs. 20000
(b) Dr. Machinery A/c and Cr. Cash A/c Rs. 20000
(c) Dr. machinery repairs A/c and Cr. Cash A/c Rs. 20000
8. Amount spent, for the construction of temporary huts, which
were necessary for construction of the cinema house and
demolished when the cinema house was ready is a
(a) Revenue expenditure
(b) Capital expenditure
9. Rs. 26,000 Incurred on structural alterations to existing
asset whereby its revenue earning capacity is increased is
(b) Deferred revenue expenditure
(c) Revenue expenditure
10. Rs. 1,500 spent on repairs before using a second hand car
purchased recently is a
(b) Revenue expenditure
11. The Installation expenses for a new machinery will be
debited to:
(a) Cash A/c
(b) Profit & loss A/c
(c) Machinery A/c
(d) Installation expenses A/c
12. If repair cost is Rs. 25,000, white wash expenses are Re.
5,000 cost of extension of buildings Rs. 2,50,000 and cost
of improvement in electrical wiring is Rs. 19,000. The
amount to be capitalized will
(a) Rs. 269,000 (b) Rs. 2,99000
(c) Rs. 280,000 (d) Rs. 2,74,000
13. Rs. 2500, spent on the overhauling on purchase of second
hand machinery:
(a) Capital expenditure.
14. Amount spent on increasing the seating capacity in a
cinema hail is:
(c) Deferred Revenue expenditure
(d) None
15. Which of the following expenses will not be Included In
the acquisition of plant?
(a) Purchase price of plant
(b) Installation expenses
(c) Annual Maintenance charges
(d) Delivery charges of the plant
16. An old furniture was purchased for Rs. 10,000, It was
repaired for Rs. 100. The repairs account should be
debited by
(a) Rs. 10,000
(b) Rs. 10,100
(c) Rs. 100.
(d) Nil.
17. Dismantling and demolition charges is a
18. Legal expenses incurred in defending a suit for breach of

contract to supply goods is a
19. Rs. 6,000 spent on maintenance of computer is______
(a) Deferred capital expenditure
20. If repairs cost is Rs. 30.000 white wash expenses are Rs.
5,000, cost & extension of building is Rs. 3,00,000 and
cost of Improvement in electrical wiring system is Rs.
30,000 the amount of revenue expenses will be
(a) Rs. 35000
(b) Rs. 65,000
(c) Rs. 3,65,000
(d) Rs. 3,35,000
21. Which of the following is a revenue expenditure?
(a) Freight paid on purchase of plant and machinery
(b) Legal expenses paid to acquire a property
(c) Annual white wash of the factory building
(d) Expenses Incurred to reduce working capital requirement
22. Preliminary Expenses are an example of:

(a) Revenue Expenditure
(c) Deferred Revenue expenditure
(d) All of these
23. Whitewashing expenses are:
24. Paper purchased for use as stationery is:

25. Heavy advertisement expenditure should be treated as:
(a) Deferred Revenue Expenditure
(b) Revenue Expenditure
(c) Capital Expenditure
(d) None of these
26. Deferred revenue expenditure to the extent of not written

off, is shown in Balance Sheet under the head:
(a) Miscellaneous Expenditure
(b) Capital
(c) Current Liabilities
(d) Fixed Assets
27. Heavy amount spent on advertisement is__________
28. General Manager attended a meeting held abroad to
develop market; meeting was successful. This expenses
is in the nature of
(a) Deferred revenue expenditure
29. Heavy amount spent for the advertisement of new
company product is
(b) Deferred Revenue expenditure
(c) Capital expenditure
(d) Either (a) or (c)
30. Advertising campaign to launch a new product is:

31. Share Premium is a:
(a) Capital Receipt
(b) Revenue Receipt
(c) Deferred Revenue receipt
(d) None of these
32. Capital Receipts are represented in:

(a) Balance Sheet
(b) Trading account
(c) Profit & Loss A/c
(d) Manufacturing A/c
33. Insurance claim received on account of machinery
damaged completely by fire is:
(a) Capital receipt
(b) Revenue receipt
(c) Capital expenditures
(d) Revenue expenditures
34. A bad debt recovered during the year will be:

(a) Capital expenditures
(b) Revenue expenditures
(c) Capital receipt
(d) Revenue receipt
35. Recovery of bad debt is a:
(a) Revenue Receipt
(b) Capital Receipt
(c) Capital Expenditure
(d) Revenue Expenditure
36. Interest on investments received from UTI is:

(a) Capital receipt
(b) Revenue receipt
(c) Capital expenditures
(d) Revenue expenditures
37. Amount received from IDBI as a medium term loan for
augmenting working capital is:
(a) Capital expenditures
(b) Revenue expenditures
(c) Capital receipt
(d) Revenue receipt
38. All the expenditures and receipts of revenue nature go to

(a) Trading account.
(b) Profit and loss account.
(c) Balance sheet.
(d) Either to (a) or (b)
39. Money paid to MTNL Rs. 10,000 for installing telephone in
office is
(a) Expense.
(b) Liability.
(c) Asset.
(d) Revenue.
40. The un-expired portion of capital expenditure is shown in
the financial statement
(a) As a liability
(b) As an asset
(c) As an Income
(d) As an expense
41. If repair cost is Rs. 25,000, whitewash expenses are Rs.
5,000 cost of extension of building is Re. 2,50,000 and
cost of improvement in electrical wiring system is Rs.
19,000; the amount to be expensed Is:
(a) Rs. 2,99,000 (b) Rs. 44,000
(c) Rs. 30,000 (d) Rs. 49,000
42. The benefit from the expenditure is spread for not more
than one year is called
(a) Deferred revenue expenditure
(b) Deferred capital expenditure
(c) Revenue Expenditure
(d) Capital expenditure
Answer Key
1 c 2 d 3 a 4 d 5 c
6 c 7 b 8 b 9 a 10 a
11 c 12 a 13 a 14 a 15 c
16 d 17 b 18 a 19 c 20 a
21 c 22 a 23 b 24 b 25 a
26 a 27 c 28 a 29 b 30 c
31 a 32 a 33 a 34 d 35 a
36 b 37 c 38 d 39 c 40 b
41 c 42 c
iw¡thxr rFkk vk;xr
izd`fr dh igpku
(1) iw¡thxr O;; (Capital Expenditure)
 ,sls O;; ds ykHk fuEu vof/k rd izkIr gksaxs&
(i) nh?kZdky rd (Long term)
(ii) Hkfo"; dh vof/k rd (For Future period)
 ,sls O;; Balance Sheet vkfFkZd fpV~Bs ls lacaf/kr gS ykHk&gkfu
[kkrs P & C A/c ls ughaA
 vkSj B/S ds lHkh lEifÙk i{k ls lacaf/kr gS] nkf;Ro i{k ls ugha
 vkSj lEifÙk Hkh dsoy LFkk;h lEifÙk ls
 buds igyh ckj upto ready to put to use rd fd;s x;s lHkh
O;; iwathxr O;; gksaxsA
 vr% ,d ys[kkdkj (Accountant) dks ;gka rd ds lHkh O;;ksa dk ;ksx
djuk pkfg, vkSj bl ;ksx ls LFkk;h lEifÙk dh dqy ykxr@,sfrgkfld
ykxr dk fuekZ.k gksxkA
 vkSj ys[kkdkj dks ;g Hkh /;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd tc&tc iwathxr O;; gks
rc rd lacaf/kr LFkk;h lEifÙk [kkrk Debit djsA
 vkSj fQj bl ,sfrgkfld ykxr dks B/S esa lEifÙk i{k ij fn[kk,axs vkSj
fQj bl LFkk;h lEifÙk ij Ready to put to use dh frfFk ls âkl
yxkuk izkjEHk djsaxsA
 vkSj ;fn dksbZ O;; fdlh LFkk;h lEifÙk ds fuekZ.k@vfLrRo esa ykus ds
fy;s vfuok;Z gS rks ,sls O;; Hkh iwathxr O;; dgyk;saxsA tSls&vLFkk;h
>ksiM+ksa dk fuekZ.kA
 vkSj upto Ready to put to use ds i'pkr fd;s x;s O;; oSls rks
vk;xr izd`fr ds gksrs gSa ysfdu ;fn ,sls O;; djus ls LFkk;h lEifÙk dh
{kerk esa o`f) gksrh gSA dk;Z'khy thou c<+ tkrk gS rks ,sls O;; Hkh
iwathxr O;; dgykrs gSaA
 vkSj ;fn dksbZ O;; djus ls ifjpkyu ykxrksa esa LFkk;h deh gks tkrh gS ;k
dk;Z'khy O;;ksa dh vko';drk esa LFkk;h deh gks tk;s rks ,sls O;; Hkh
iwathxr O;; dgykrs gSaA
Q. iw¡thxr O;; dgk¡ fn[kk;s tkrs gSa\
(a) vkfFkZd fpV~Bs esa
(b) ykHk&gkfu [kkrs esa
(c) O;kikj [kkrs esa
(d) fuekZ.kh [kkrs esa
Q. iw¡thxr O;; ds ykHk fuEu vof/k rd izkIr gksaxs %

(a) vYidky
(b) nh?kZdky
(c) vfr vYidky
Q. e’khu dh LFkkiuk ds fy, pqdkbZ xbZ etnwjh fdl [kkrs esa MsfcV
dh tk;s\
(a) etnwjh
(b) e'khu
(c) jksdM+
Q. flusek gkWy ds fuekZ.k ds le; cuk;s x;s 5 yk[k :i;s ykxr ds

vLFkk;h >ksaiM+s] ftUgsa flusek gkWy cuus ds i'pkr fxjk;k
x;kA ;g fdl izd`fr ds O;; gSa\
(a) iw¡thxr O;;
(b) vk;xr O;;
(c) vkLFkxr vk;xr O;;
(2) vk;xr O;; (Revenue Expense)
 ,sls O;; ds ykHk fuEu vof/k rd izkIr gksaxs&
(i) vYidky rd (For short term)
(ii) pkyw vof/k rd (For current period)
(iii) orZeku o"kZ rd (For one Accounting year)
 fdlh LFkk;h lEifÙk ds upto Ready to put to use ds i'pkr
mldks pkyw gkykr esa cuk;s j[kus ds fy, fd;s x;s O;; tSls pkyw
j[k&j[kko] ejEer bR;kfn ds O;; vk;xr O;; gksaxsA
ysfdu vxj Ready to put to use ds i'pkr dksbZ O;; djus ls
LFkk;h lEifÙk dh {kerk esa o`f) gks tk;s rks ,sls O;; Hkh iwathxr O;;
dgyk;saxsA
 lk/kkj.kr;k fuEu 'kCnksa dk mi;ksx vk;xr O;; ds fy;s fd;k tkrk gS&
(i) okf"kZd O;; (Annual Charges)
(ii) ejEer O;; (Maintenance Charges/Repair)
(iii) uohuhdj.k O;; (Renewal Charges)
(iv) n.M@tqekZuk (Penalty)
(v) vuqcU/k [k.Mu dh {kfriwfrZ (Compensation of Breach of
Contract)
 dkuwuh okn&fookn O;; (Legal Dispute Fees)
Note:-
iwathxr O;; dks vlekIr O;;] vO;rhr O;;] xSj volkfur O;; ds uke ls Hkh
tkuk tkrk gS tcfd vk;xr O;; dks jktLo O;;] vkxe O;;] lekIr O;;]
O;rhr O;; rFkk volkfur O;; ds uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA
Q. vk;xr O;; dgk¡ fn[kk;s tkrs gSa\
(a) fuekZ.kh [kkrs esa
(b) O;kikj [kkrs esa
(c) ykHk&gkfu [kkrs esa
(d) mijksDr lHkh esa
Q. iqjkuh e'khu ds ejEer O;; fdl izd`fr ds O;; gSa\

(a) iw¡thxr
(b) vk;xr
(c) vkLFkxr vk;xr
(d) mijksDr lHkh
(3) vkLFkxr vk;xr O;; (Deferred revenue expenditure)
 ,sls O;; izkFkfed :i ls vk;xr izd`fr ds gh gksrs gSa ysfdu vxj fuEu
nksuksa 'krksaZ dks iwjk djsa rks ,sls O;; vkLFkxr vk;xr O;; dgyk;saxsA
(A) ,sls O;; dh jkf'k fo'kky@cM+h gks
(B) ,sls O;; ds ykHk ,d o"kZ ls vf/kd feyus dh laHkkouk gks
¼lk/kkj.kr;k 1 ls 5 o"kZ½A
mnkgj.k%
foKkiu O;; = vk;xr O;;
Hkkjh foKkiu O;; = vkLFkxr vk;xr O;;
vlQy Hkkjh foKkiu O;; = vk;xr O;;
u;s mRikn dks tkjh djus ds foKkiu O;; = vkLFkxr vk;xr O;;
Q. Hkkjh foKkiu O;; fdl izd`fr ds O;; gSa\
(a) iw¡thxr
(b) vk;xr
(c) vkLFkxr vk;xr
Q. foKkiu O;; fdl izd`fr ds O;; gSa\

(a) iw¡thxr
(b) vk;xr
(c) vkLFkxr vk;xr
(d) lEifÙk
(4) iw¡thxr izkfIr (Capital Receipt)
 iw¡thxr izkfIr;k¡ B/S ¼vkfFkZd fpV~Bs½ esa fn[kkbZ tkrh gSa ykHk&gkfu [kkrs
(P&L A/c) esa ughaA
mnkgj.k
 iqjkuh e'khu@lEifÙk dks cspus ls izkfIr
 izos'k 'kqYd dh izkfIr
 va'k tkjh djus ls izkfIr (E/S, P/S)
 _.ki= tkjh djus ls izkfIr (Debenture)
 vkx yxus ls LFkk;h lEifÙk u"V rFkk chek dEiuh ls nkos dh izkfIr
 cSad _.k dh izkfIr
Q. iqjkuh e'khu ds cspus ls gqbZ izkfIr gS%
(a) iw¡thxr
(b) vk;xr
(c) vkLFkxr vk;xr
Q. izos'k 'kqYd dh izd`fr gS%

(a) iw¡thxr
(b) vk;xr
(c) vkLFkxr vk;xr
(d) lEifÙk
(5) vk;xr izkfIr (Revenue Receipts)
 ,slh izkfIr;k¡ O;kikj [kkrs rFkk ykHk&gkfu [kkrs ds ØsfMV i{k ij fn[kkbZ
tkrh gSaA tSls&
 eky cspus ls izkfIr
 fdjk;k] C;kt] ykHkka'k] deh'ku dh izkfIr
 vkx yxus ls eky u"V vkSj chek dEiuh ls nkos dh izkfIr
 Mwcr _.k olwyh
Note:- ;fn O;kikj fdlh izdkj dk vfxze nsrk gS ;k tekur nsrk gS rks bls
O;; ds :i esa oxhZd`r ugha djrs cfYd bls lEifÙk ds :i esa
oxhZd`r djrs gSaA
oLrqfu"B iz'u
1. iw¡thxr O;; ls --------------- ykHk miyC/k gksrs gSa %

(a) vYi vof/k
(b) nh?kZ vof/k
(c) cgqr vYi vof/k
(d) dksbZ ugha
2. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lh en iw¡thxr çd`fr dh gS\

(a) eky dk Ø;
(b) ejEer dh ykxr
(c) e'khujh ds çfrLFkkiUu gsrq nh xbZ etnwjh
(d) dkj[kkus dk fdjk;k
3. ,d iqjkuh dkj 10000 :- esa Ø; dh tkrh gS] rFkk bldh
ejEer ij 1000 :- O;; fd;s tkrs gSa] Lokeh ds uke esa dkj dks
iath;r djkus ij 500 :- O;; gksrs gSa rFkk 1200 :- Mhyj ds
deh'ku ds :i esa fn;s tkrs gSaA dkj [kkrs esa MsfcV dh tkus okyh
jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 10000 :. (b) 10500 :.
(c) 11500 :. (d) 12700 :.
4. iqjkuh Ø; dh xbZ e'khuksa dh iw.kZ ejEer ij O;; fd;k x;k

2500 :- gS &
(a) iw¡thxr O;;
(b) vk;xr O;;
(c) vkLFkfxr vk;xr O;;
(d) mijksä esa ls dksbZ ugha
5. ,d e'khujh dh LFkkiuk esa lkexzh dh ykxr 700 :- rFkk bl
gsrq Hkqxrku dh x;h etnwjh 400 :- dks MsfcV fd;k tkuk
pkfg,&
(a) lkexzh [kkrs esa
(b) etnwjh [kkrs esa
(c) Ø; [kkrs esa
(d) e'khujh [kkrs esa
6. mRiknu {kerk dks c<+kus ds vuqØe esa Jherh ljkst }kjk 5000
#- o`f) ij O;; fd;s x;sA ;g /kujkf'k gS&
(a) vk;xr ç—fr dh
(b) vkLFkfxr vk;xr ç—fr dh
(c) iw¡thxr ç—fr dh
(d) nkf;Ro ç—fr dh
7. iqjkuh eksVj dkj ds u;s Ø; dh ejEer ij O;; fd;s x;s
5]000 :- esa MsfcV fd;k tkrs gSa&
(a) ejEer [kkrk
(b) lkekU; O;; [kkrk
(c) eksVj dkj [kkrk
(d) rhuksa esa ls dksbZ ugha
8. e'khujh dh LFkkiuk djus gsrq Hkqxrku dh x;h 2]000 #-

etnwjh dh jkstukepk çfof"V gksxh&
(a) Dr. Wages A/c rFkk Cr. Cash A/c 2000 #-
(b) Dr. Machinery A/c rFkk Cr. Cash A/c 2000 #-
(c) Dr. Machinery Repairs A/c rFkk Cr. Cash A/c 2000 #-
9. vLFkk;h >ksaifM+;ksa ds fuekZ.k gsrq tks flusek ?kj ds fuekZ.k gsrq
vko';d Fkh rFkk ftUgsa flusek ?kj ds rS;kj gksus ds ckn fxjk fn;k
x;k] ij O;; jkf'k gS&
(a) vk;xr O;;
(b) iw¡thxr O;;
10. fo|eku lEifÙk ds lajpukRed ifjoZruksa ij 25]000 :- yxk;s

x;s ftlls bldh vk;xr vtZu {kerk c<+ tkrh gSA ;g gS&
(a) iw¡thxr O;;
(b) vkLFkfxr vk;xr O;;
(c) vk;xr O;;
11. gky gh esa Ø; dh x;h ,d iqjkuh dkj dks mi;ksx djus ls iwoZ
ejEer ij O;; fd;s x;s 1]500 :- gSa&
(a) iw¡thxr O;;
(b) vk;xr O;;
12. ,d u;h e'khujh ds LFkkiuk O;;ksa dks ---------- esa MsfcV fd;k
tk;sxk&
(a) jksdM+ [kkrk
(b) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk
(c) e'khu [kkrk
(d) LFkkiuk O;; [kkrk
13. ;fn ejEer ykxr 25000 :- gS] iqrkbZ ds O;; 5000 :- gS
Hkouksa ds foLrkj dh ykxr 2]50]000 :- gSA fctyh ds rkjksa ds
lq/kkj dh ykxr 19]000 :- gSA iwathd`r dh tkus okyh jkf'k
gksxh&
(a) 2,69,000 :-
(b) 2,99,000 :-
(c) 2,80,000 :-
(d) 2,74,000 :-
14. ,d iqjkuh e'khujh ds Ø; ij mlds vksojgkWfyax ij 2]500 :-
[kpZ fd;s x;sA ;g gSa %
(a) iwathxr O;;
(b) vkxe O;;
(c) vkLFkfxr vkxe O;;
15. flusek gkWy esa cSBus dh {kerk c<+kus ds fy, [kpZ dh x;h jkf'k%
(a) iw¡thxr O;;
(b) vk;xr O;;
(c) vkjFkfxr vkxe O;;
(d) dksbZ ugha
16. iw¡thxr lEifÙk;ksa ds Ø; gsrq fons'k x;s lapkydksa ds ;k=k ds :i

esa yxh 30]000 :- dh jkf'k gS %
(a) iw¡thxr O;;
(b) vk;xr O;;
17. fuEu esa ls dkSuls [kpsZ dks la;= dh ykxr esa 'kkfey ugha fd;k
tk;sxk\
(a) la;= dk Ø; ewY;
(b) LFkkiuk O;;
(c) okf"kZd j[k j[kko
(d) lqiqnZxh O;;
18. ,d iqjkuk QuhZpj 10]000 #- esa [kjhnk x;k Fkk] bldh 100
#- esa ejEer djkbZ xbZ FkhA ejEer [kkrs dks MsfcV fd;k tkuk
pkfg,&
(a) 10,000 #.
(b) 10,100 #.
(c) 100 #.
19. fuEu esa ls dkSuls [kpZ dks la;= dh ykxr esa 'kkfey ugha fd;k
tk;sxk\
(a) la;= dk Ø; ewY;
(b) LFkkiuk O;;
(c) okf"kZd j[k j[kko
(d) lqiqnZxh O;;
20. ,d e'khu dh ejEer ds fy, 100 :- [kpZ fd;s x;sA ;g jkf'k

MsfcV dh tk;sxh %
(a) e'khu [kkrk
(b) ejEer [kkrk
(c) iw¡th [kkrk
(d) etnwjh [kkrk
21. la;U= ,oa e'khujh ds j[kj[kko ij O;; fd;s x;s 5000 :- ----
------ gSa%
(a) iw¡thxr O;;
(b) vk;xr O;;
(c) vkLFkfxr iw¡thxr O;;
22. m[kkM+us rFkk <gkus ds O;; --------------- gSa%

(a) iw¡thxr O;;
(b) vk;xr O;;
23. eky vkiwfrZ ds [k.Mu ds lEcU/k ds ,d okn dh çfrj{kk esa
fd;k x;k dkuwuh O;; gS ,d&
(a) vk;xr O;;
(b) iw¡thxr O;;
(c) vLFkfxr vk;xr O;;
24. dEI;wVj ds j[kj[kko ij O;; fd;s x;s 5000 :- gksrs gSa&

(a) vkLFkxr iw¡thxr O;;
(b) iw¡thxr O;;
(c) vkxe O;;
(d) mijksä esa dksbZ ugha
25. ;fn ejEer dh ykxr 30]000 :- gS rFkk lQsnh djkus ds O;;
5000 :- gS rFkk Hkouksa esa lao)Zu dh ykxr 3]00]000 :- gks
rFkk bySDVªhdy ok;fjax ç.kkyh esa lq/kkj dh ykxr 30]000 :-
gS rks vkxe O;; gksaxs&
(a) 35,000 :-
(b) 65,000 :-
(c) 3,65,000 :-
(d) 3,35,000 :-
26. buesa ls dkSu lk vkxe O;; gS\

(a) Iyk.V ,.M e'khujh ds Ø; ij HkkM+s dk Hkqxrku
(b) lEifÙk viukus ds lEcU/k esa dkuwuh O;; dk Hkqxrku
(c) QSDVªh fcfYMax dk okf"kZd iqrkbZ O;;
27. çkjfEHkd O;; ,d mnkgj.k gS %
(a) vkxe O;;
(b) iw¡thxr O;;
(d) mi;qZä lHkh
28. iqrkbZ ds O;;%

(a) iw¡thxr O;; gS
(b) vkxe O;;
(c) vkLFkxr vkxe O;;
29. LVs'kujh ds :i esa ç;ksx gsrq [kjhnk x;k dkxt&
(a) iw¡thxr O;; gS
(b) vkxe O;;
30. Hkkjh foKkiu O;;ksa dks ekuk tkrk gS &

(a) vkLFkfxr vk;xr O;;
(b) vk;xr O;;
(c) iw¡thxr O;;
31. vkLFkfxr vk;xr [kpsZ ftudks vifyf[kr ugha fd;k x;k gS]
fpës dh fdl en esa çnf'kZr fd;s tk;saxs\
(a) fofo/k O;;
(b) iw¡th
(c) pkyw nkf;Ro
(d) LFkk;h lEifÙk
32. foKkiu ij O;; dh x;h cM+h jkf'k -------------- gksrh gS%

(a) iw¡thxr O;;
(b) vk;xr O;;
(c) vkLFkkfxr vk;xr O;;
33. egkçcU/kd us cktkj fodkl gsrq ckgj vk;ksftr ,d lHkk esa
Hkkx fy;kA lHkk lQy jghA O;;---------------- dh çd`fr ds gSa&
(a) vkLFkxr vkxe O;;
(b) iw¡thxr O;;
(c) vkxe O;;
34. u;s dEiuh mRikn ds foKkiu gsrq fd;s x;s Hkkjh O;; gksrs gSa&
(a) vkxe O;;
(b) vkLFkxr vkxe O;;
(c) iw¡thxr O;;
(d) ;k rks (a) ;k (c)
35. ,d u;s mRikn ds 'kqHkkjEHk gsrq ,d foKkiu dk;ZØe&
(a) iw¡thxr O;; gS
(b) vkxe O;;
36. va'k çhfe;e gSA ,d %

(a) iw¡thxr çkfIr
(b) vkxe çkfIr
37. iw¡thxr çkfIr dks çnf'kZr djrs gSa %
(a) vkfFkZd fpës esa
(c) ykHk&gkfu [kkrs esa
(d) fuekZ.k [kkrs esa
38. vkx ls iwjh rjg {kfrxzLr e'khujh ds dkj.k çkIr chek nkok%
(a) iw¡thxr çkfIr
(b) vkxe çkfIr
(c) iw¡thxr O;;
(d) vkxe O;;
39. o"kZ ds nkSjku v'kks/; _.k dh olwyh gSA ,d&
(a) iw¡thxr O;;
(b) vk;xr O;;
(c) iw¡thxr çkfIr
(d) vk;xr çkfIr
40. v'kks/; _.k dh olwyh gS %

(a) vkxe çkfIr
(b) iw¡thxr izkfIr
(c) iw¡thxr O;;
(d) vk;xr O;;
41. ;w-Vh-vkbZ- ls çkIr fuos'kksa ij C;kt%
(a) iw¡thxr çkfIr
(b) vkxe çkfIr
(c) iw¡thxr O;;
(d) vkxe O;;
42. dk;Z'khy iw¡th c<+kus ds fy, e/; vof/k ds _.k ds :i esa IDBI
ls çkIr jkf'k%
(a) iw¡thxr O;;
(b) vkxe O;;
(c) iw¡thxr çkfIr
(d) vkxe çkfIr
43. vk;xr çd`fr ds lHkh O;; ,oa çkfIr;k¡ tkrs gSa &
(a) O;kikj [kkrs esa
(b) ykHk&gkfu [kkrs esa
(c) vkfFkZd fpës esa
(d) ;k rks (a) vFkok (b) esa
44. dk;kZy; esa nwjHkk"k duSD'ku gsrq ,e- Vh- ,u- ,y- dks Hkqxrku
dh x;h 10]000 :- dh tekur jkf'k gS&
(a) O;;
(b) nkf;Ro
(c) lEifÙk
(d) vk;
45. iw¡thxr O;;ksa dk vO;rhr Hkkx foÙkh; fooj.k esa fn[kk;k tkrk
gS&
(a) ,d nkf;Ro ds :i esa
(b) ,d lEifÙk ds :i esa
(c) ,d vk; ds :i esa
(d) ,d O;; ds :i esa
46. ;fn ejEer dh ykxr 25]000 #- gS] iqrkbZ ds O;; 5]000 #-
gS] Hkou foLrkj dh ykxr 2]50]000 :-A fctyh dh rkj
O;oLFkk esa lq/kkj dh ykxr 19]000 #- gS] vk;xr O;; dh jkf'k
gS%
(a) 2,99,000 #. (b) 44,000 #.
(c) 30,000 #. (d) 49,000 #.
47. ,sls O;; ftuds ykHk 1 o"kZ ls vf/kd çkIr u gksa os dgykrs gSa&
(a) vkLFkxr vk;xr O;;
(b) vkLFkxr iw¡thxr O;;
(c) vk;xr O;;
(d) iw¡thxr O;;
ANSWER KEY
1 B 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 D
6 C 7 C 8 B 9 B 10 A
11 A 12 C 13 A 14 A 15 A
16 A 17 C 18 D 19 C 20 B
21 B 22 B 23 A 24 C 25 A
26 C 27 A 28 B 29 B 30 A
31 A 32 C 33 A 34 B 35 C
36 A 37 A 38 A 39 D 40 A
41 B 42 C 43 D 44 C 45 B
46 C 47 C
tuZy
(Journal)
 tuZy izkFkfed ys[kk iqLrd gSA
It is a primary book/books of original entry.
 ,sls O;kikj tgka ysunsuksa rFkk O;ogkjksa dh la[;k de gks ogka tuZy cukbZ tkrh gSA
Those business where transaction volume are less in
that case we prepare Journal.
 bldk fuekZ.k vfHkys[ku (Recording) izfØ;k esa fd;k tkrk gSA
Journal will be prepared under recording phase.
 tuZy dk fuekZ.k iqLrikyu (Book-Keeping) izfØ;k esa fd;k tkrk gSA
Journal will be prepared in book-keeping.
 tuZy esa ys[kk nksgjk ys[kk i)fr ds vk/kkj ij fd;k tkrk gSA
While Accounting in Journal we follow double entry
rule system.
 nksgjk ys[kk oSKkfud i)fr gSA
Double entry is a scientific method.
 nksgjk ys[kk leku MsfcV rFkk leku ØsfMV i)fr ij vk/kkfjr gSA
In dual aspect equal debit and equal credit will be done.
 nksgjk ys[kk ds dkj.k gh ys[kkadu lehdj.k fodflr gqbZ gSA
Due to double entry system this accounting equation
is develop.
nkf;Ro + iwath = lEifÙk
Liabilities + Capital = Asset
 vxj fdlh O;ogkj esa nks ls vf/kd [kkrs izHkkfor gksa rks mUgsa fefJr
ys[kk@la;qDr tuZy ys[kk (Compound Journal Entry) dgk tkrk gSA
If any transaction effect more than two account then it
will be known as compound journal entry.
 tuZy esa ys[kk dkyØe@rSfFkd Øe@fnukaduqlkj fd;k tkrk gSA
Journal will be prepared in chronological order.
 tuZy 'kCn dh mRifÙk ySfVu Hkk"kk ds Jour 'kCn ls ekuh tkrh gSA
Term Journal will be derived from latin word "Jour".
 'kCn MsfcV rFkk ØsfMV dh mRifÙk 12oha 'krkCnh esa gqbZA
th
Term Debit & Credit developed in 12 century.
 tuZy esa ys[kk izek.kdksa@L=ksr izys[k ds vk/kkj ij fd;k tkrk gSA
In Journal we made accounting by the help of voucher/
source document.
 tuZy esa ikap dkWye gksrs gSa] bldk laf{kIr izk:i fuEu gS&
In Journal there will be five columns.
Date Particular L.F. Debit Credit
 tuZy esa fn;k x;k L.F. Column dks [kkrkcgh esa [krkSuh (Posting) djus
ds le; Hkjk tkrk gSA
L.F. Column in Journal will be filled at the time of
posting in journal.
 [kkrksa ds izdkj (Types of Accounts)
[ kkrs
 izkd`frd O;fDrxr [kkrs (Natural Personal Account) budk laca/k
izkd`frd O;fDr;ksa ls gksrk gS tSls&
Natural Personal Account: Relates with living personal.
jke [kkrk
Ram's Account,
';ke [kkrk
Shyam's Account,
lhrk [kkrk
Sita's Account
 d`f=e O;fDrxr [kkrs % budk ftUnk O;fDr;ksa dh rjg HkkSfrd vfLrRo ugha
gksrk gS tSls&QeZ] dEiuh] cSad] lgdkjh laLFkkA
 Artificial Personal Account: Related with firm,
company, bank, trust etc.
 izfrfuf/kRo O;fDrxr [kkrs lewg dk izfrfuf/kRo djrs gSaA tSls&
Representative Personal Account: It includes
 cdk;k@ns;@vnÙk@vpqdrk
Outstanding/Due/Unpaid/Payable expense
 iwoZnÙk@vfxze@vlekIr
Prepaid/unexpired expense
 mikftZr vk;
Accrued income
 vuqikftZr vk;
Unearned income
okLrfod [kkrs : blesa oLrq rFkk lEifÙk ds [kkrs gSaA
Real Account : Related with goods & Asset
(A) ewrZ okLrfod [kkrs : ,slh oLrq,a ;k lEifÙk;ka ftudk HkkSfrd vfLrRo gksrk gS
rFkk ftUgsa Nqvk ,oa ns[kk tk ldrk gSA tSls&Hkwfe] Hkou] e'khujh] QuhZpj]
LVkWd] jksdM+
Tangible Real account : Which have physical
existence like land, building machinery, stock, cash.
Note:- /;ku jgs fd cSad ,d O;fDrxr [kkrk gS D;ksafd cSafdax dEiuh ,d d`f=e
O;fDr gSA
Banking company will be artificial person but cash
in bank will be real account.
(B) vewrZ okLrfod [kkrs : ,slh lEifÙk;ka ftudk HkkSfrd vfLrRo ugha gksrk gS ftUgsa
Nqvk vkSj ns[kk ugha tk ldrk] tSls [;kfr] isVsUV] dkWihjkbV] VªsMekdZA
Intangible Real Account : Those Asset which have no
physical existence like goodwill patent, copyright,
trademark.
(C) vokLrfod@ukeek= ds [kkrs esa fo'ks"k o"kZ ls lacaf/kr gksrs gSa rFkk o"kZ ds vUr
esa cUn dj fn;k tkrk gSA tSls etnwjh] xkM+h HkkM+k] deh'ku] C;kt bR;kfnA
Nominal Account : Related with particular year & all
nominal account will be transferred to P&L account.
For example wages, salary, commission, interest.
tuZy esa ys[kk djus ds fu;e
Rules Regarding Journal
 MsfcV 'kCn dh mRifÙk ySfVu Hkk"kk ds Debere 'kCn ls gqbZ ftldk vFkZ gS
"to owe"
The term debit will be derived from Latin word
"Debere" which means "to owe".
 ØsfMV 'kCn dh mRifÙk ySfVu Hkk"kk ds Credere 'kCn ls gqbZ ftldk vFkZ gS
"to believe"
The term credit will be derived from Latin word
"Credere" which means "to believe".
 tc&tc iw¡thxr O;; gks rc upto use rc ds O;;ksa ds fy;s lacfa /kr LFkk;h
lEifÙk ds [kkrs dks MsfcV djsaxsA
At the time of recording capital expenditure we have to
debit respective fixed asset account.
 ;fn vk;xr O;; gS rks lacaf/kr [kpZ ds [kkrs dks MsfcV djsaxsA
In case of revenue expense we have to debit
respective expense account.
 eky laca/kh [kkrs%
Rules Regarding Goods
Ø; [kkrs in – Dr.
Purchase Account in-Dr.
foØ; [kkrs out – Cr.
Sales Account out-Cr.
Ø; okilh [kkrk out – Cr.
Purchase return account out-Cr.
foØ; okilh [kkrk in – Dr.
Sales return account in-Dr.
 O;fDrxr [kkrs dk fu;e ^îkus okys ds [kkrs dks MsfcV djsaxs rFkk nsus okys ds
[kkrs dks ØsfMV djsaxs**
In case of personal account "Debit the receiver and
credit the giver".
 okLrfod [kkrs dk fu;e ^^tks oLrq O;kikj esa vkrh gS mlds [kkrs dks MsfcV
djsaxsA** rFkk tks oLrq O;kikj ls tkrh gS mlds [kkrs dks ØsfMV djsaxsA
In case of real account "what comes in debit and what
goes out will be credit".
 vokLrfod [kkrs dk fu;e ^^leLr O;; ,oa gkfu;ksa dks MsfcV djks rFkk leLr
vk; ,oa ykHkksa dks ØsfMV djksA**
In case of nominal account "Debit all expense and
losses and credit all incomes and gain".
Note:- tc Hkh ijh{kk iz'u esa ;g iwNs fd dkSulk MsfcV djs ;k dkSulk [kkrk
ØsfMV djsa rks bldk vFkZ gS oks Entry esa iwN jgk gSA
Whenever in exam question if this question if this
quation given that which account will be debited or
which account will be credited then answer will be
given by passing Journal entry.
1. iqLrikyu dh nksgjk ys[kk iz.kkyh esa izR;sd O;kolkf;d laO;ogkj izHkkfor djrk gS&
(a) nks [kkrs
(b) ,d gh [kkrs ds nks i{k
(c) nks fHkUu frfFk;ksa ij ,d gh [kkrk
(d) mijksDr lHkh
In Double Entry System of Book-keeping every
business transaction affects:
(a) Two accounts.
(b) Two sides of the same account.
(c) The same account on two different dates.
2. ;fn ,d tSlh izd`fr ds nks ;k vf/kd laO;ogkj ftuds MsfcV vFkok ØsfMV
[kkrs ,d gksa tc tuZy esa bdV~Bs fy[ks tk;sa rks os tkus tkrs gSa&
(a) la;qDr tuZy ys[ks ds :i esa (b) i`Fkd~ tuZy ys[ks ds :i esa
(c) [krkSuh ds :i esa (d) mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ugha
If two or more transactions of the same nature are
Journalised together having either the debit or the
credit account common is known as
(a) Compound journal entry.
(b) Separate journal entry.
(c) Posting.
3. ,d jkstukepk esa laO;ogkj dk vfHkys[ku dgykrk gS&
(a) [krkSuh
(b) izfof"V
(c) vUrj.k
(d) js[kk [khapuk
Recording of a transaction in a journal is called
(a) Posting
(b) Entry
(c) Transfer
(d) Ruling
4. nksgjh lÙkk iqLrdh; iz.kkyh esa] izR;sd laO;ogkj de ls de------------[kkrs dks
IkzHkkfor djrk gSA
(a) ,d
(b) nks
(c) rhu
(d) pkj
In double entity book keeping system, every transaction
affects at least ______ account(s).
(a) One.
(b) Two.
(c) Three.
(d) Four.
5. jkstukepk esa] laO;ogkjksa dks--------------esa vfHkfyf[kr fd;k tkrk gSA
(a) rSfFkd Øe
(b) /kujkf'k ds vkjksgh Øe
(c) /kujkf'k ds vojksgh Øe
In Journal, transactions are recorded on __________.
(a) Chronological order.
(b) Ascending order of amount.
(c) Descending order of amount
6. fuEukafdr esa ls dkSu lgh gS\
(a) nkf;Ro = iw¡th + lEifÙk;k¡
(b) iw¡th = lEifÙk;k¡ - nkf;Ro
(c) iw¡th = lEifÙk;k¡ + nkf;Ro
(d) lEifÙk;k¡ = nkf;Ro - iw¡th
Which of the following is correct?
(a) Liabilities = Capital +Assets
(b) Capital =Assets - Liabilities
(c) Capital =Assets + Liabilities
(d) Assets = Liabilities – Capital
7. v'kks/; _.k ds :i esa vifyf[kr _.k ;fn vkxs olwy gks tkrs gS rks
(a) v'kks/; _.k olwy [kkrs esa ØsfMV fd;s tkrs gSA
(b) nsunkj [kkrs esa ØsfMV fd;s tkrs gSA
(c) ykHk&gkfu [kkrs esa MsfcV fd;s tkrs gSA
The debts written off as bad, if recovered subsequently
are
(a) Credited to Bad Debts Recovered Account
(b) Credited to Debtors Account.
(c) Debited to Profit and Loss Account
8. Lokeh }kjk O;olk; ls jksdM+ fudkyus dks ØsfMV fd;k tkuk pkfg,&
(a) vkgj.k [kkrsa esa
(b) iw¡th [kkrsa esa
(c) jksdM+ [kkrsa esa
A withdrawal of cash from business by the proprietor
should be credited to:
(a) Drawings Account
(b) Capital Account
(c) Cash Account
9. O;olk; ds cSad [kkrs ls ,dkdh&Lokeh }kjk Hkqxrku fd;k x;k vk;dj MsfcV
fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) vk;dj [kkrsa esa
(b) cSad [kkrsa esa
(c) iw¡th [kkrsa esa
(d) O;olk; dh iqLrdksa esa iznf'kZr djus gsrq ugha gksrkA
Income tax paid by the sole-proprietor from business
bank account is debited to
(a) Income tax account
(b) Bank account
(c) Capital account
(d) Not to be shown in the business books
10. nku esa fn;k x;k eky ØsfMV fd;k tk,xk%
(a) nku [kkrk
(b) Ø; [kkrk
(c) vkgj.k [kkrk
(d) foØ; [kkrk
Goods given as charity credited to:
(a) Charity A/c
(b) Purchase A/c
(c) Drawings A/c
(d) Sales A/c
11. ;fn _.k v'kks/; gks tkrk gS rks jkf'k dks ØsfMV fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) Mwcr _.k
(b) ysunkj
(c) nsunkj
(d) iwath
In case of a debt becoming bad and doubt full the
amount is credited to_____?
(a) Bad Debts A/c
(b) Creditors
(c) Debtors A/c
(d) Capital A/c
12. iwoZ esa vifyf[kr fd;k x;k _.k ckn esa Lokeh }kjk O;fDrxr :i ls olwy
djds Lo;a ds ikl j[k fy;kA bldh izfof"V gksxhA
(a) Drawings a/c Dr
To Debtors
(b) Cash a/c Dr.
To Bad debts recovered a/c
(c) Drawings a/c Dr.
To Bad debts recovered a/c
(d) dksbZ izfof"V ugha
12. The debt written off as bad, subsequently collected by
proprietor in his personal capacity and kept by him.
What is accounting treatment for this transactions?
(a) Debit-Drawings A/c & Credit Debtors A/c
(b) Debit-Cash A/c & Credit Bad Debts Recovered A/c
(c) Debit Drawings A/c & Credit Bad debts recovered A/c
(d) No Entry Required
13. ;fn Hkou fuekZ.k ds fy;s etnwjh pqdkbZ xbZ-----------[kkrs dks MsfcV rFkk ØsfMV--------
-----fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) etnwjh vkSj uxn
(b) Hkou vkSj uxn
(c) Hkou vkSj etnwjh
(d) uxn vkSj Hkou
If wages are paid for construction of building _______
a/c is debited & credited to________
(a) Wages, Cash
(b) Premises, Cash
(c) Cash, Wages
(d) Cash, Premises
14. eSllZ LVS'kujh ekVZ us LVs'kujh dk Ø; fd;k og MsfcV djsxk%
(a) LVs'kujh
(b) lkekU; [kpZ [kkrk
(c) Ø; [kkrk
(d) LVkWd [kkrk
M/s Stationery Mart will debit purchase of stationery
of _________
(a) Stationery Account
(b) General Expenses Account
(c) Purchase Account
(d) Stock Account
15. Lokeh }kjk futh iz;ksx esa yk;k x;k eky ØsfMV fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) iwath [kkrk
(b) foØ; [kkrk
(c) vkgj.k [kkrk
(d) Ø; [kkrk
Value of goods drawn by proprietor should be credited to:
(a) Capital Account
(b) Sales Account
(c) Drawings Account
(d) Purchase Account
16. 10,000 #- izfr ekg ds ,d deZpkjh jes'k us futh mi;ksx gsrq 1,500 #-
ewY; dk eky fudkyk rFkk ekpZ] 2006 ekg ds udn esa 9,000 #- osru izkIr
fd;kA 500 #- dk vfrfjDr Hkqxrku MsfcV fd;k tkuk pkfg,&
(a) osru [kkrs esa (b) eky [kkrs esa
(c) vkgj.k [kkrs esa (d) vfxze nÙk osru [kkrs esa
Ramesh, an employee of salary Rs. 10,000 per month
withdrew goods worth Rs. 1,500 for personal use and got
salary of Rs. 9,000 in cash in the month of March, 2006.
The excess payment of Rs. 500 should be debited to
(a) Salaries account. (b) Goods account.
(c) Drawing account. (d) Salaries paid in advance account.
17. eksgu LVs'kulZ LVs'kujh ds Ø; dks MsfcV djsxk&
(a) LVs'kujh [kkrs esa
(b) lkekU; O;; [kkrs esa
(c) Ø; [kkrs esa
Mohan Stationers will debit purchase of stationery
in______
(a) Stationery account
(b) General expenses account
(c) Purchases account
18. eksgu us 2500 :- ds MsfcV ds lEcU/k esa 500 :- dk Hkqxrku fd;k] tks fd
foxr o"kZ esa v'kks/; _.k ds :i esa vifyf[kr fd;s x;s FksA eksgu dk [kkrk
ØsfMV fd;k tk;sxk&
(a) 2500 :- ls (b) 2000 :- ls
(c) 500 :- ls (d) rhuksa esa ls dksbZ ugha
Mohan paid Rs. 500 towards a debit of Rs. 2500, which
was written off as bad debt in the previous year.
Mohan’s account will be credited with
(a) Rs.2,500
(b) Rs.2,000
(c) Rs.500
19. ,d fyfid dks ns; osru #i;s 2,000 ----------------esa ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gSA
(a) osru [kkrk
(b) jksdM+ [kkrk
(c) fyfid dk [kkrk
Salary Rs. 2000 payable to clerk is credited to_____
(a) Salary account
(b) Cash account
(c) Clerks Account
20. vksesxk LVs'kulZ us 300 #- dh LVs'kujh O;kolkf;d mís'; gsrq mi;ksx dhA
jkf'k dks ØsfMV fd;k tk;sxk&
(a) foØ; [kkrk esa
(b) Ø; [kkrk esa
(c) jksdM+ [kkrk esa
Omega Stationers used Stationery for business
purposes Rs. 300. Amount will be credited to:
(a) Sales A/c
(b) Purchases A/c
(c) Cash A/c
21. ,d nsunkj dks nh x;h udn NwV dks ØsfMV fd;k tkuk pkfg,&
(a) NwV [kkrk esa
(b) xzkgd [kkrk esa
(c) foØ; [kkrk esa
Cash discount allowed to a debtor should be credited to
(a) Discount account
(b) Customers account
(c) Sales account
22. nku ds :i esa fn;k x;k 500 :- dher dk eky ØsfMV fd;k tkuk pkfg,&
(a) foØ; [kkrs esa
(b) Ø; [kkrs esa
(c) nku [kkrs esa
Goods worth Rs. 500 given as charity should be
credited to
(a) Sales account
(b) Purchases account
(c) Charity account
23. edku ekfyd dks ns; 5,000,00 fdjk;k ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) jksdM+ [kkrs esa
(b) edku ekfyd [kkrs esa
(c) vnÙk fdjk;k [kkrs esa
Rent payable to the landlord Rs. 5,000.00 is credited to
(a) Cash account
(b) Landlord account
(c) Outstanding rent account
24. Je dks ns; 1000 :- dh etnwjh dks ØsfMV fd;k tk;sxk&
(a) jksdM+ [kkrs esa
(b) Je [kkrs esa
(c) osru [kkrs esa
(d) mijksDr esa dksbZ ugha
Wages Rs. 1,000 payable to labour will be credited
(a) Cash A/c
(b) Labour A/c
(c) Salary A/c
25. MsfcV n'kkZrk gSA
(a) lEifÙk [kkrk esa o`f)
(b) nkf;Ro [kkrs esa deh
(c) iw¡th [kkrs esa deh
(d) mi;qZDr lHkh
DEBIT signifies:
(a) Increase in Assets account
(b) Decrease in Liability account
(c) Decrease in Capital account
26. vius futh [kpZ ds fy, fudkys x;s 1,500 :- fdl [kkrs esa MsfcV gksaxsA
(a) O;; [kkrk
(b) Ø; [kkrk
(c) foØ; [kkrk
(d) vkgj.k [kkrk
Rs. 1500 withdrawn for personal use should be
debited to ________
(a) Expense Account
(b) Purchases Account
(c) Sales Accounts
(d) Drawings Account
27. [kkrksa esa fy[ks tk pqds v'kks/; _.k dh ;fn ckn esa izkfIr gks tkrh gSa rks og
(a) nsunkj [kkrs esa ØsfMV dj fn;s tkrs gSa
(b) v'kks/; ,oa lafnX/k nsunkjksa ds fy, cuk, x;s izko/kku ls lek;ksftr gks
tkrs gSa
(c) nsunkj [kkrs esa MsfcV fd;k tkrs gSa
(d) ykHk gkfu [kkrs esa ØsfMV fd;k tk,xkA
Recovery of bad debts written off previously will be?
(a) Credited to Debtors A/c
(b) Adjusted against provision for doubtful debts
(c) Debited to debtors A/c
(d) Credited to Profit and Loss A/c
28. ;fn Lokeh O;fDrxr iz;ksx ds fy, O;olk; ls jkf'k fudkyrk gS rks dkSulk
[kkrk MsfcV fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) iwath [kkrk
(b) vkgj.k [kkrk
(c) Lokeh dk [kkrk
If the owner withdraws amount from the business for
personal use, then which A/c is to be debited?
(a) Capital A/c
(b) Drawings A/c
(c) Owners A/c
(d) None of these
29. eky ds Ø; dk vkns'k fn;kA dkSulk [kkrk MsfcV fd;k tk;sxk
(a) Ø; [kkrk
(b) ysunkj [kkrk
(c) udn [kkrk
(d) dksbZ ugha
Order for purchase of goods is given then which A/c
will be debited
(a) Purchase
(b) Creditors
(c) Cash
(d) None
30. edku ekfyd dks pqdk;k x;k fdjk;k ØSfMV fd;k tkrk gS%
(a) edku ekfyd dk [kkrk
(b) fdjk;k [kkrk
(c) jksdM+ [kkrk
(d) mijksDr esa dksbZ ughaA
The rent paid to landlord is credited to:
(a) Landlord’s account
(b) Rent account
(c) Cash account
31. jke dks eky dk udn foØ; MSfcV fd;k tkuk pkfg;s%
(a) jke
(b) jksdM+
(c) foØ;
(d) iw¡th
A sale of goods to Ram for cash should be debited as:
(a) Ram
(b) Cash
(c) Sales
(d) Capital
32. îkus okys dks MsfcV djks rFkk nsus okys dks ØsfMV djks* ;g fu;e fdl [kkrs dk gSA
(a) oLrqxr
(b) O;fDrxr
(c) ukeek=
(d) dksbZ Hkh ugha
“Debit the receiver and credit the Giver” is the golden
rule for which type of account?
(a) Real A/c
(b) Personal A/c
(c) Nominal A/c
(d) None of these
33. vnÙk osru [kkrk gS&
(a) okLrfod [kkrk
(b) oS;fDrd [kkrk
(c) ukeek= [kkrk
Outstanding salary account is:
(a) Real account
(b) Personal account
(c) Nominal account
34. vnÙk osru [kkrk fdl izd`fr dk gS\
(a) okLrfod [kkrk
(b) oS;fDrd [kkrk
(c) ukeek= [kkrk
Nature of outstanding salary account is
(a) Real account
(c) Nominal account
35. isVSUV [kkrs-----------------gksrs gS
(a) vkfj{kr _.k [kkrs
(b) vokLrfod [kkrs
(c) okLrfod [kkrs
(d) nsunkj [kkrs
Patents Accounts are
(a) Secured Loan Account
(b) Nominal Account
(c) Real Account
(d) Debtors Account
36. ns; foØ; dj ,d-------------------gksrk gS
(a) pkyw lEifÙk;k¡
(b) O;fDrxr [kkrk
(c) vokLrfod [kkrk
(d) okLrfod [kkrk
Sales Tax payable is a
(a) Current Assets
(b) Personal A/c
(c) Nominal A/c
(d) Real A/c
37. jksdM+ [kkrk----------------gSA
(a) O;fDrxr [kkrk
(b) okLrfod [kkrk
(c) vokLrfod [kkrk
Cash Account is
(a) Personal A/c
(b) Real A/c
(c) Nominal A/c
38. cSad vf/kfod"kZ ,d [kkrk gS%
(a) O;fDrxr [kkrk
(b) okLrfod [kkrk
(c) vokLrfod [kkrk
(d) izfrfuf/kRo O;fDrxr [kkrk
Bank overdraft account is a:
(a) Personal account
(b) Real account
(c) Nominal account
(d) Representative personal account
39. lkekU; lap; [kkrk vkSj ykHkka'k lekuhdj.k dks"k [kkrk gSa%
(a) O;fDrxr [kkrk
(b) okLrfod [kkrk
(c) vokLrfod [kkrk
(d) dksbZ ugha
General Reserve Account and Dividend Equalization
fund Account are:
(a) Personal A/c
(b) Real A/c
(c) Nominal A/c
(d) None
40. vnÙk osru [kkrk fdl izd`fr dk gS\
(a) okLrfod [kkrk
(b) oS;fDrd [kkrk
(c) ukeek= [kkrk
(d) izfrfuf/kRo O;fDrxr [kkrk
Nature of outstanding salary account is
(a) Real account
(c) Nominal account
(d) Representative personal account
41. vlekIr O;; [kkrs gksrs gSaA
(a) okLrfod [kkrs
(b) vokLrfod [kkrs
(c) O;fDrxr [kkrs
(d) izfrfuf/kd O;fDrxr [kkrs
Unexpired expense is _______ account.
(a) Real
(b) Nominal
(c) Personal
(d) Representative Personal
42. [kqnjk jksdM+ dk 'ks"k------------------gSA
(a) ,d O;;
(b) vk;
(c) ,d lEifÙk
(d) nkf;Ro
The balance of the petty cash is ______
(a) An expense
(b) Income
(c) An asset.
(d) Liability
43. chek xSj&volku [kkrk gS ,d&
(a) oS;fDrd [kkrk
(b) okLrfod [kkrk
(c) ukeek= [kkrk
Insurance unexpired account is a
(a) Personal account
(b) Real account
(c) Nominal account
44. 1.1.2009 dks jke ls 5,000 :- izkIr gq, ml QuhZpj ds lEcU/k esa tks ml
1.6.2008 dks cspk x;k FkkA bl ?kVuk dks fdrkcksa esa fy[kus ds fy, D;k
ys[kk dh tk,xh\
(a) jksdM+ [kkrk MsfcV] QuhZpj ØsfMV
(b) jksdM+ [kkrk MsfcV] mpUrh ØsfMV
(c) jksdM+ [kkrk MsfcV] v'kks/; _.k olwyh [kkrk ØsfMV
(d) jksdM+ [kkrk Ms+fcV] jke [kkrk ØsfMV
44. Rs. 5,000 received from Ram on 1.01.2009 for the old
furniture sold to him on 01 .06.2008 which of the
following entry should be passed for recording the
transaction in the books of accounts?
(a) Cash A/c Dr. 5,000
To Furniture A/c 5,000
(b) Cash A/c Dr. 5,000
To Suspense A/c 5,000
(c) Cash A/c Dr. 5,000
To Bad debts recovery 5,000
(d) Cash A/c Dr. 5,000
To Ram A/c 5,000
45. vkgj.kksa dks-----------------?kVk;k tkrk gSA
(a) foØ; esa ls
(b) Ø; ls
(c) O;;ksa ls
(d) iw¡th ls
Drawings are deducted from
(a) Sales
(b) Purchases
(c) Expenses
(d) Capital
46. ;fn QeZ dh dqy lEifÙk;k¡ 2,00,000 :- gS ckgjh nkf;Ro 1,60,000 :- gS
rks ekfyd }kjk yxkbZ xbZ iw¡th gksxhA
(a) 60,000 :-
(b) 40,000 :-
(c) 3,60,000 :-
If total assets of the firm is Rs. 2,00,000; outside
liabilities is Rs. 1,60,000, then capital contributed by
the owner will be.
(a) Rs. 60,000 (b) Rs. 40,000
(c) Rs. 3,60,000 (d) None of the above
47. tuZy--------------------dh iqLrd gSA
(a) dsoy lHkh jksdM+h ysunsuksa
(b) dsoy lHkh m/kkj ysunsuksa
(c) xkS.k ys[ks
(d) ewy ys[ks
Journal is books of
(a) All cash transactions only
(b) All credit transactions only
(c) Secondary entry
(d) Original entry
48. tuZy ys[ks ds lkFk Li"Vhdj.k fn;k tkrk gSa%
(a) ykHk ij ys[kk dk izHkko n'kkZus ds fy,
(b) ysunsu ij ykHk ;k gkfu n'kkZus ds fy,
(c) ys[kk dh le> ds fy, y?kq fooj.k
(d) ys[kk ds vkUrfjd vFkZ dks jgL;e;h rjg ls le>kus ds fy,
Narration is given along with Journal entry:
(a) To signify the impact of entry on profitability
(b) To disclose the profit or loss of the transaction.
(c) To give a precise explanation for proper understanding
of the entry.
(d) To secretly understanding the inner meaning of entries.
49. ,d diM+k O;kikjh us ,d iqjkuk dEI;wVj m/kkj ij [kjhnkA bldh ys[kk gksxh%
(a) eq[; tuZy
(b) jksdM+ cgh
(c) Ø; cgh
Purchase of second hand computer on credit by a
cloth merchant will be recorded in:
(a) Journal
(b) Cash Book
(c) Purchase Book
50. Mwcr _.k dh olwyh ,d mnkgj.k gS%
(a) lEifÙk o Lokeh dh iwath esa o`f)
(b) lEifÙk o Lokeh dh iwath esa deh
(c) nkf;Ro esa Lokeh dh iwath esa deh
(d) nkf;Ro esa deh o Lokeh dh iwath esa o`f)a
Bad Debts recovered is an example of:
(a) Increase in Asset & Owner’s Equity
(b) Decrease in Asset & Owner’s Equity
(c) Increase in Liability & Owner’s Equity
(d) Decrease in Liability & increase In Owner’s Equity
Answer Key
1 A 2 A 3 B 4 B 5 A
6 B 7 A 8 C 9 C 10 B
11 C 12 C 13 B 14 C 15 D
16 D 17 C 18 D 19 D 20 B
21 B 22 B 23 C 24 D 25 D
26 D 27 D 28 B 29 D 30 D
31 B 32 B 33 B 34 B 35 C
36 B 37 B 38 D 39 A 40 D
41 D 42 C 43 A 44 D 45 D
46 B 47 D 48 C 49 A 50 A
âkl
(Depreciation)
 tks iwathxr O;; gS] mudk upto Ready to put to use rd
dk ;ksx djus ls LFkk;h lEifÙk dh dqy ,sfrgkfld ykxr dk fuekZ.k
gksxkA
 vkSj ;gh LFkk;h lEifÙk âkl ds fy;s ;ksX; gksxhA
 LFkk;h lEifÙk ds ewY; esa deh ds fy;s 'kCn âkl (Depreciation) dk
iz;ksx gksrk gSA
 âkl 'kCn ,d O;kid vFkZ j[krk gS blesa âkl] vewfrZdj.k] viys[ku]
ifj'kks/ku] fjDrhdj.k 'kCnksa dk lekos'k gksrk gSA
Note:-
(1) dEiuh vf/kfu;e 2013 dh vuqlwph&II esa âkl 'kCn ifjHkkf"kr gSA
(2) ys[kkekud 6 dks ICAI }kjk fujLr dj fn;k x;k gSA
âkl ,d
 O;; gSA
 vk;xr O;; gSA
 xSjjksdM+h O;; gSA
 rjyrk o`f) djrk gSA
 djdVkSrh ;ksX; O;; gSA
 vc ge ;gk¡ LFkk;h lEifÙk dk oxhZdj.k lh[ksaxsA
Note:-
(1) i'kq/ku (Livestock) ds fy;s 'kCn iquZewY;kadu dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA
(2) âkl 'kCn dh mRifÙk ysfVu Hkk"kk ds 'kCn 'Depletion' fMIys'ku ls
gqbZ gSA
(3) âkl izfrLFkkiu ewY; Replacement value ij ugha yxk;k tkrk
gSA
(4) âkl lEifÙk ds ewY;kadu dh izfØ;k ugha gS] u gh tkapus dh izfØ;k gSA
(5) lEifÙk ds cktkj ewY; esa deh dks âkl ugha ekuk tkrk gSA
(6) âkl 'kCn dk iz;ksx dsoy ewrZ lEifÙk "Tangible Asset" ds fy,
gh fd;k tkrk gSA
âkl dh x.kuk dks izHkkfor djus okys rRo@?kVd
(Factors Determining Calculation of Depreciation)
dsoy fuEu rhu gSa&
 ,sfrgkfld ykxr (Historical Cost), ewy ykxr@ekSfyd
ykxr@Ø; ykxr@vf/kxzg.k ykxr ds uke ls Hkh tkurs gSaA
 mi;ksxh thou (useful life)
 vof'k"V@vo'ks " k@LØs i @vkorZ u ew Y ; (Salvage/Scrap/
Residual Value)
Note:-
(1) ,sfrgkfld ykxr = okLrfod
mi;ksxh thou = vuqekfur
vo'ks"k ewY; = vuqekfur
(2) ,sfrgkfld ykxr dsoy upto Ready to put to use rd dh
ykxrksa dk ;ksx gSA
(3)
 /;ku jgs fd ;fn iz'u esa % izfr'kr ns j[kk gS rks vo'ks"k ewY; dks /;ku
esa ugha j[ksaxsA
 vkSj ;fn izfr'kr ugha ns j[kk gS rc lcls igys ykxr esa ls vo'ks"k
ewY; ?kVk;saxs vkSj fuEu lw= ls âkl dh x.kuk djsaxs&
ykxr & vo'ks"k ewY ;

okf"kZd âkl   okf"kZd miHkksx
dqy mi;ksxh thou
âkl x.kuk djus dh eq[; fof/k;k¡
(1) LFkk;h fd'r fof/k@ljy js[kk fof/k (Straight Line/Fixed
Instalment Method)
 bl fof/k esa âkl ewy ykxr ij yxk;k tkrk gSA
 bl fof/k esa izfro"kZ âkl dh jkf'k ,d leku jgrh gSA
 bl fof/k esa lEifÙk ds mi;ksxh thou dh lekfIr ij mldk iqLrd ew Y ;
'kwU; gks tkrk gSA
 bl fof/k esa âkl dh nj Kkr djus dk lw= fuEu gS&
okf"kZd âkl
âkl dh nj   100
dqy ykxr
 ;g fof/k mu lEifÙk;ksa ds fy;s Js"B gS ftudk thou nh?kZdky gks]
vizpyu dh tksf[ke de gks] rFkk ejEer dh ykxr de vkrh gks
tSls&Patent, Copyright
(2) Øekxr âkl fof/k@vifyf[kr ewY; fof/k@?kVrs gq, 'ks"k dh
fof/k@ewY; viys[ku fof/k
(Reducing Balance Method/Diminishing Balance
Method/Written Down Value Method)
 bl fof/k esa âkl dh x.kuk lEifÙk ds iqLrd ewY; ij dh tkrh gSA
 Hkkjrh; vk;dj vf/kfu;e 1961 ds varxZr bls âkl yxkus dh Lohd`r
fof/k ekuk x;k gSA
 bl fof/k dh ;g ekU;rk gS fd lEifÙk tSls&tSls iqjkuh gksrh tkrh gS
mldh ejEer dh ykxr c<+rh tkrh gSA
 bl fof/k esa izkjEHk ds o"kksaZ esa âkl vf/kd rFkk vkxkeh o"kksaZ esa âkl de
gksrk tkrk gSA
 bl fof/k esa iqLrd ewY; ij âkl dh nj ges'kk ,d leku jgrh gSA
 bl fof/k esa mi;ksxh thou dh lekfIr ij Hkh lEifÙk dk iqLrd ewY; 'kwU;
ugha gksrk gSA
 bl fof/k esa âkl rFkk ejEer O;; nksuksa dk la;qDr izHkkj P & L A/c ij
ges'kk ,d leku gh jgrk gSA
 ;g fof/k mu lEifÙk;ksa ds fy;s Js"B gS ftudk thou vYidky] vizpyu
dh tksf[ke vf/kd rFkk ejEer ds [kpsZ vf/kd vkrs gSaA tSls&Plant,
Fixtures bR;kfnA
3. okf"kZdh o`fÙk fof/k (Annuity Method)
 âkl yxkus dh ,dek= ,slh fof/k gS ftlesa âkl yxkrs le; iwath fuos'k
ij C;kt ds rRo dks /;ku esa j[kk tkrk gSA
 blesa Hkh lh/kh js[kk fof/k dh rjg izfro"kZ âkl dh jkf'k ,d leku jgrh
gSA
 ;g fof/k nh?kZdkyhu iV~Vs (Long term lease) ds fy, Js"B ekuh
tkrh gSA
 bl fof/k esa o"kZ ds vUr esa C;kt dh jkf'k ls fuEu izfof"V gksrh gS&
Assets A/c Dr.
To interest A/c
 bl fof/k esa C;kt dks volj ykxr ekuk tkrk gSA
 bl fof/k esa C;kt dh x.kuk lEifÙk ds iqLrd ewY; ij dh tkrh gSA
4. o"kksaZ ds vadksa dh ;ksx fof/k (Sum of Year's Digit Method)
 blesa Hkh Øekxr âkl fof/k dh rjg izkjaHk esa âkl vf/kd rFkk vkxkeh
o"kksaZ esa âkl de gksrk tkrk gSA
 mnkgj.k& lEifÙk dh ykxr & 100000 :-
vo'ks"k ewY; & 10000 :-
mi;ksxh thou & 5 o"kZ
izfro"kZ âkl dh jkf'k D;k gksxh\
5
5 I 90000  = 30000 :-
15
4
4 II 90000  = 24000 :-
15
3 III 3 = 18000 :-
90000 
15
2
2 IV 90000  = 12000 :-
15
1
1 V 90000  = 6000 :-
15
15
LFkk;h lEifÙk ds foØ;@fofue; ls gksus okys ykHk&gkfu dh x.kuk
(Calculation of profit/loss on sale or exchange of
fixed Asset)
 lcls igys csph tkus okyh LFkk;h lEifÙk dk iqLrd ewY;@vifyf[kr
ewY;@âkflr ewY; (Book Value) Kkr djsaxs%
lEifÙk dh dqy ykxr = 
Less :- [kjhnus dh frfFk ls csph tkus rd dh frfFk dk dqy âkl
;k
bl izko/kku@lafpr âkl@,df=r âkl@âkl dks"k = 
lEifÙk dk iqLrd ewY; 
 vxj iqLrd ewY; ls vf/kd ij csph tk;s rks bls ykHk vkSj de ij csph
tk;s rks bls gkfu dgsaxsA
 vkSj ;g ykHk&gkfu vk;xr izd`fr dh gksrh gS vr% bls P & L A/c esa
Transfer dj nsrs gSaA
 ysfdu ;fn dksbZ LFkk;h lEifÙk mldh ewy ykxr ls Hkh vf/kd ij csph
tkrh gS rks bl vkf/kD; ykHk dks iw¡thxr ykHk dgsaxs vkSj bls Capital
Reserve A/c esa Transfer djsaxsA
LFkk;h lEifÙk;ksa dk iquZewY;kadu
(Revaluation of Fixed Asset)
 LFkk;h lEifÙk dk eq[;r% nks izdkj ls iquZewY;kadu fd;k tk ldrk gS&
(1) Å/oZxkeh (upward)
(2) v/kksxkeh (downward)
(1) ;fn Å/oZxkeh iquZewY;kadu gksrk gS rks izfof"V fuEu gksxh&

Fixed Asset A/c Dr.
To Revaluation Reserve A/c
(2) ;fn v/kksxkeh iquZewY;kadu gksrk gS rks izfof"V fuEu gksxh&

P & L A/c Dr.
To Fixed Asset A/c
âkl dh fof/k esa ifjorZu
(Change in the method of Depreciation)
 âkl dh fof/k esa ifjorZu dks orZeku esa ys[kkadu vuqeku esa ifjorZu ekuk
tkrk gSA
 vkSj blds izHkko Hkfo";y{kh (prospective) gksrs gSaA
âkl dh 'kks/ku dks"k fof/k

(Sinking Fund Method)
 izfro"kZ P & L A/c ls âkl ds cjkcj jkf'k Sinking Fund A/c ls
ØsfMV dj nh tkrh gSA
 SF bl jkf'k dks tksf[ke jfgr Risk Free izfrHkwfr;ksa esa fuos'k dj
nsrk gS ftls S.F.I. dgrs gSaA
 S.F.I. ls izkIr vk; dh jkf'k dks S. F. A/c esa ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gSA
 ifjiDork frfFk ij S.F.I. dks cspk tkrk gSA vkSj cspus ls mRiUu
ykHk&gkfu dks S.F. A/c esa Transfer djrs gSaA
 vUr esa S.F. A/c ds 'ks"k General Reserve lkekU; lap; [kkrs esa
Transfer djsaxsA
Note:- âkl izko/kku [kkrs dk fuekZ.k djrs le; fuEu izfof"V gksxh
P & L A/c Dr.

To Prov for Depreciation A/c
Depreciation
 We know about capital expenditure and all capital
expenditure upto ready to put to use will form
historical cost of fixed asset.
 This fixed asset will be eligible for depreciation
purpose
 Term depreciation will be used for reduction in fixed
asset.
 Term depreciation having broad sense it includes
depreciation, amortisation, written off, depletion.
Note:-
1. Term depreciation is defined under schedule-II of
company's act 2013.
2. ICAI cancel accounting standard-6 now it will replace
by accounting standard-10.
Depreciation is a
 Expense
 Revenue expense
 Non-case expense
 Will enhance liquidity
 It is a tax deductible expense
• Allocation of fixed asset
Note:-
(1) For live stock we use term revaluation
(2) In Latin word Depreciation will be known as depletion
(3) Depreciation will not to be provide on replacement
value
(4) Depreciation is not a valuation and verification of fixed
asset
(5) Reduction in market value will not be known as
depreciation
(6)Term depreciation is used for tangible fixed asset
Factors Determining Calculation of Depreciation
 Actual cost/ Historical cost/Acquisition cost/ Purchase
cost (all expenses upto ready to put to use)
 Estimated useful life
 Estimated Salvage/ Scrap/Residual value
Note:-
(1) If depreciation percentage (Rate) given in the question
then while calculating depreciation we ignore scrap
value
(2) If rate of depreciation not given in question then first
we deduct scrap value from cost of asset then we use
this formula for calculation of depreciation.
Cost of asset - Scrap value

Depreciation 
Useful life
Methods for Depreciation Calculation
(1) Straight line/fixed Installment Method
 Under this method depreciation will be provided on
original cost
 Under this method amount of depreciation for every
year will be same.
 After the useful life value of asset becomes nil.
 Under this method rate calculation formula will be as
under
Straight line depreciation  100
Depreciation Rate 
Cost of asset
This Method is suitable for those assets which having
long term life, less obsolescence /less repair cost for
example patent, copyright.
(2) Reducing Balance Method/Diminishing Balance
Method/ Written down value Method: Under this
method depreciation will be provided on book value.
 This method is recommended by income tax act.
 The assumption of this method is as the amount of
repairs and renewals goes on increasing as the asset
become older.
 Under this method depreciation will be higher in earlier
years and less in upcoming years.
 Under this method rate of depreciation value will
always be same.
 Value never becomes zero.
 Total charge of using the asset is same because in
earlier year's when repair is low, depreciation is high &
as repair increases depreciation decreases.
 This method is suitable for those asset which having
short life, high risk of obsolescence, higher amount of
repair expense for example plant, furniture & fixtures.
(3) Annuity Method: This is only method where
interest element on capital outlay will be consider while
calculating depreciation.
 Amount of depreciation will be same every year just
like straight line method.
 This method is suitable for long term lease.
 Under this method with the interest amount we make
general entry:
Assets A/c Dr.
To interest A/c
 Under this method interest will be consider as
opportunity cost.
 Under this method interest will be provided on book
value of asset.
(4) Sum of year's Digit Method: This is just like written
down value method, means in starting year we charge
higher depreciation and charge less depreciation in
upcoming years.
Ex. Cost of asset 1,00,000 Rs.

Scrap value = 10,000/-
Useful life = 5 year
Every year amount of depreciation will be = ?
5
5 I 90000   30,000 Rs.
15
4
4 II 90000   24,000 Rs.
15
3
3 III 90000   18,000 Rs.
15
2 IV 2
90000   12000 Rs.
15
1
1 V 90000   6000 Rs.
15
15
Calculation of Profit/loss on sale or exchange of fixed asset:
 Before sale first we calculate book value of fixed asset
that will be as under.
Cost of asset – Total depreciation/accumulated dep.
 After calculation of book value we compare it with sale
value if book value is higher than sale price this is loss
and transfer to profit & loss account.
 If book value is lower than sale price difference is
profit. This profit may be capital or revenue.
 If sale price is above cost then:- sale value above cost
is capital profit & transferred to capital reserve.
Revaluation of fixed asset
 Fixed Asset can be revalued as under-
(1) Upward
(2) Downward
Note:- In case of upward revaluation accounting entry will
be as under.
Fixed Asset A/c Dr.
To Revaluation Reserve A/c
Note:- In case of downward revaluation accounting entry
will be as under
P&L A/c Dr.
To Fixed asset A/c
Change in the Method of Depreciation
 Change in method will be consider as change in
accounting estimation.
 It is having prospective effective
Sinking Fund Method
 Amount equal to depreciation will be transfer from P&L
account to sinking fund account
P&L A/c Dr.
To Sinking fund account
 This sinking fund amount will be invested in (risk free
security). Sinking fund investment account.
 Income received from S.F.I. will be credited to S.F. A/c
 At the time of maturity we sold S.F.I. & P&L arise from
sale will be transferred to sinking fund Account.
 If last sinking fund account balance will be transferred
to General Reserve account.
Depreciation
(Question Set)
1. Depreciation is provided on
(a) Fixed Assets
(b) Current Assets
(c) Liquid Assets
(d) Fictitious Assets
2. Which of the following is a non cash expense

(a) Depreciation
(b) Salary outstanding
(c) Rent paid
(d) Carriage
3. Depreciation is the process of:
(a) Asset Valuation
(b) Verification of assets
(c) Allocation of cost of assets to the period of its life
(d) Decreasing the value of asset
4. Obsolescence means decline in the value due to:

(a) Fall in the market price
(b) Physical wear and tear
(c) Efflux of time
(d) Innovations and inventions
5. Depreciation starts on a machine from the date:
(a) It is purchased
(b) It is ready to put to use
(c) It is installed
(d) Any of above
6. Obsolescence of a depreciable asset may be caused
by:
1- Technological changes.
2- Improvement in production method.
3- Change in market demand for the product or
service output.
4- Legal or other restrictions.
(a) Only (1) above
(b) Both (1) and (2) above
(c) All (1), (2), (3) and (4) above
(d) Only (4) above
7. The main objective of providing depreciation is to :
(a) Reduce tax burden
(b) Provide funds for replacement of fixed asset
(c) Show true financial position in the balance Sheet
(d) All the these
8. The number of production or similar units expected to
be obtained from the use of an asset by an enterprise
is called as
(a) Unit life
(b) Useful life
(c) Production life
(d) Expected life
9. Depreciation is to be calculated from the date of:
(a) Asset put to use
(b) Purchase order of asset
(c) Receipt of asset at business premise
(d) Invoice of Assets
10. Scrap value of an asset means the amount that it can
fetch on sale at the of its useful life.
(a) Beginning
(b) End
(c) Middle
11. Useful life of an asset can be described as:
(a) The period over which a depreciable asset is
expected to be used by the enterprise
(b) The number of production or similar units
expected to be obtained form the use of the asset
by the enterprise
(c) 10 year
(d) Both (a) and (b)
12. Scrap value of an asset means the amount that it can
fetch on sale at the…… of its useful life :
(a) Beginning (b) End
(c) Middle (d) None
13. Which of the following expenses is not included in the

acquisition cost of a plant and equipment?
(a) Cost of site preparation
(b) Delivery and handling charges
(c) Installation costs
(d) Financing cost incurred subsequent to the period
after plant and equipment is put to use.
14. The portion of the acquisition cost of the asset, yet to
be allocated is known as:
(a) Written down value
(b) Accumulated value
(c) Realisable value
(d) Salvage value
15. Depreciation arises because of
(a) Fall in the market value of the asset.
(b) Fall in the value of money
(c) Physical wear and tear of the asset.
16. Consider the following data pertaining to M/s. E Ltd.
who constructed a cinema house:
Particulars
Cost of second had furniture 90,000
Cost of repainting the furniture 10,000
Wages paid to employees for fixing the furniture 2,000
Fire insurance premium 1,000
The amount debited to furniture account is:
(a) Rs. 90,000
(b) Rs. 91,000
(c) Rs. 1,00,000
(d) Rs. 1,02,000
17. Original cost = Rs. 1,26,000. Salvage value = 6,000.
Useful Life = 6 years. Annual depreciation under SLM
will be
(a) Rs. 21,000
(b) Rs. 20,000
(c) Rs. 15,000
(d) Rs. 14,000
18. Ashok purchased a machine on 01.01.2010 for Rs.
1,20,000. Installation expenses were Rs 10,000.
Residual value after 5 years Rs 5,000. On 01.07.2010,
expenses for repairs were incurred to the extent of Rs
2,000. Depreciation is provided under straight line
method. Annual Depreciation is
(a) 13,000
(b) 17,000
(c) 21,000
(d) 25,000
19. A machine was purchased for Rs. 50,000. Installation
expenses amounted to Rs. 2.000 wages of Rs. 4,000
were paid on Installation. The scrap value at the end of
its useful life of 10 years is Rs. 6,000. Repairs of Rs.
6,000 was made after 6 months from the date of
purchase. Calculate depreciation
(a) Rs. 5,600
(b) Rs. 4,800
(c) Rs. 5,000
(d) None
20. Under straight line method, depreciation is calculated on
(a) Written down value. (b) Scrap value.
(c) Original cost. (d) None of the three.
21. Out of four floors of a building, ground floor is used
as a store house for trading goods, first and second
floor is used for office purpose and third floor is used
for residential purposes. Total depreciation of a
building amounts to Rs. 80,000. The depreciation
amount of building to be shown in the business
books will be
(a) Rs. 80,000. (b) Rs. 60,000.
(c) Rs. 40,000. (d) Rs.20,000.
22. The assumption underlying the fixed installment
method of depreciation is that of……. of the asset
over different years of its useful life.
(a) Usage. (b) Equal usage.
(c) Charge. (d) None of the above.
23. A company purchased plant for Rs. 5,000. The useful

life of the plant is 10 years and the residual value is
Rs. 500. When the management wants to depreciate it
by straight line method. Rate of depreciation will be
(a) 8% (b) 9%
(c) 10% (d) None of the three
24. The term depletion is used for
(a) Fixed assets
(b) Natural resources
(c) Intangible assets
(d) None of three
25. Depletion method of depreciation is used in_____
(a) Cattle, loose tools etc.
(b) Mines and quarries
(c) Machinery and Building
(d) None of these
26. A machinery is depreciated by Rs. 2,000 every year.
Which method is being used to calculate
depreciation?
(a) Written Down value method
(b) Straight line method
(c) Sum of Years Digit method
(d) None of these
27. In which of the following methods, is the cost of the
asset written off In equal proportion, during its useful
economic life?
(a) Straight line method
(b) Written down value method
(c) Units-of-production method
(d) Sum-of-the-year’-digits method
28. On August 01, 2008 K Travels Ltd, bought four
Matador vans costing Rs. 1,20,000 each. The company
expected to fetch a scrap value of 25% of the cost
price of the vehicles after ten years. The vehicles were
depreciated under the fixed installment method up to
March 31, 2011. The rate of depreciation charged up to
March 31, 2011 was:
(a) 10.0%
(b) 9.0%
(c) 8.5%
(d) 7.5%
29. According to the Income Tax Act, which method of
charging depreciation is provided?
(a) Reducing Balance Method
(b) Sinking Fund
(c) Annuity Method
(d) Straight Line Method
30. Which method of depreciation Is suitable when
expenditure on repairs and maintenance, increases as
the machine grows old?
(a) Reducing balance method
(b) Straight line method
(c) Machine hour rate method
(d) Sinking fund Method.
31. Under this method, the annual charge for depreciation
decreases from year to year, so that the burden and
benefits of later years are shared by the earlier years.
Also, under this method, the value of asset can never
be completely extinguished. The other advantage of
this method is that the total charge to revenue is
uniform when the depreciation is high, repairs are
negligible; and as the repairs Increase, the burden of
depreciation gets lesser and lesser. This method of
depreciation is
(a) Straight Line Method.
(b) Written Down Value Method.
(c) Annuity Method.
(d) Sinking Fund Method.
32. Under the diminishing balance method, depreciation
(a) Increases every year
(b) Decreases every year
(c) Is constant every year
33. Depreciation on motor car, whose cost is Rs. 58,000
with an accumulated depreciation reserve of
Rs.11,600, at 20% p.a. on diminishing balance will be
(a) Rs. 9000
(b) Rs. 9280
(c) Rs. 10000
34. The original cost of furniture amounted to Rs. 80,000.
It is decided to write off 10% on the diminishing
balance of the asset each year. Balance of furniture
account at the end of the fourth year will be:
(a) Rs. 52,488 (b) Rs. 52,000
(c) Rs. 50,000 (d) Rs. 55,000
35. An asset has a useful life of 4 years. If it is depreciated
by diminishing balance method. Its book value at the
end of 4 years is 24% of its original cost. Hence the
rate of depreciation applied is
(a) 20% (b) 30%
(c) 25% (d) 35%
36. Under diminishing balance method, depreciation
(a) Is constant every year
(b) Increases every year
(c) Decreases every year
37. Depreciation on plant and machinery whose cost is
Rs. 80,000 with an accumulated depreciation reserve
of Rs. 12,000 at 30% p.a. on written down value will be
(a) Rs. 12,000
(b) Rs. 20.000
(c) Rs. 24,000
(d) Rs. 20,400
38. Which method of depreciation takes into account the
element of Interest on Capital outlay:
(a) Depletion method
(b) Annuity method
(c) S.L.M. method
(d) W.D.V. method
39. Under annuity method, interest is calculated on
(a) Written down value
(b) Original cost
(c) Scrap value
40. Under annuity method, the amount of depreciation is:
(a) Increasing every year
(b) Decreasing every Year
(c) Revalued every year
(d) Remains fixed for all the years
41. Under Annuity method Asset A/c is debited by:
(a) Interest A/c
(b) Depreciation fund A/c
(c) Sinking fund A/c
(d) None of these
42. Annuity method is designed for which of the following:
(a) Leases
(b) Intangibles
(c) Fixed Assets
(d) Any of above
43. A machine is purchased for Rs. 1,00,000. Installation
charges of Rs. 10,000 were incurred. Depreclation @
10% was provided on straight Line Basis. The machine
was sold for Rs. 60,000 after 5 years. Calculate the
profit or loss on sale of machine.
(a) Rs. 5,000 Loss (b) Rs. 5,000 Profit
(c) Rs. 60,000 Profit (d) Rs. 40,000 Loss
44. Original cost of an asset is Rs. 1 lacs, WDV = Rs.
40,000, sold for Rs. 90,000, What will be the profit on
its sale?
(a) Loss of Rs. 50,000 (b) Profit of Rs. 60,000
(c) Profit of Rs. 50,000 (d) Loss of Rs. 10,000
45. A machine was bought at a cost of Rs. 5 lacs on
01.01.2002 During its life of 10 years, it will be
depreciated on SLM basis. On 31.12.2008, the machine
was sold for Rs. 50,000 find out the profit/loss?
(a) Loss of Rs. 1,50,000 (b) Loss of Rs. 1,00,000
(c) Profit of Rs. 1,00,000 (d) Profit of Rs. 1,50,000
46. A transport company purchases a truck for Rs.
2,00,000 on 1 January, 2009. It charges 20%
depreciation p.a. according to w.d.v. method. The
track was sold on 1st July, 2010 for a sum of
Rs.1,60,000. The profit or loss on sale of truck is
(a) Loss of Rs. 16,000.
(b) Profit of Rs. 16,000.
(c) Profit of Rs. 12,000.
(d) Loss of Rs. 12,000.
47. A Ltd. Company purchase machinery on 1st April,
2007 for Rs.1,00,000. The depreciation on this
machinery is charged @ 10% per annum on straight
line method. On 30 September, 2009 machinery is sold
for Rs.89,000. The profit or loss on sale of such
machinery is:
(a) Profit of Rs. 12,000.
(b) Loss of Rs. 12,000.
(c) Profit of Rs. 14,000.
(d) Loss of Rs. 6,000.
48. A machinery of Rs. 3,000 was sold for Rs. 4200.
Depreciation provision till date of sale was Rs. 400 and
commission paid to the selling agent was Rs. 420 and
wages paid to the workers for removing the machine
was Rs. 30. Profit on sale of machinery will be
(a) Rs. 1200
(b) Rs. 1000
(c) Rs. 1150
49. In Jan., 2006 a trader purchased furniture for Rs.
10,000 Depreciation is charged @ 25% Diminishing
balance. At the end of the third year it was sold for Rs.
1,000. Profit or loss as sale will be
(a) Profit Rs. 2,400
(b) Profit Rs. 2,300
(c) Loss Rs. 2,406
(d) Loss Rs. 3,219
50. A machinery of Rs. 4,000 was sold for Rs. 5,200.
Depreciation provision to date was Rs. 500 and
Commission paid to the selling agent was 420 and
wages paid to workers for removing the machine was
Rs. 150. Profit on sale of machinery will be
(a) Rs. 1,130
(b) Rs. 1,000
(c) Rs. 1,200
51. The balance of machine on 31st March 2006 is Rs.
72,900. The machine was purchased on 1st April 2003
charging depreciation @10% p.a. The cost price of the
machine as on 1st April 2003 would be
(a) Rs. 1,00,000 (b) Rs. 90,000
(c) Rs. 81,000 (d) Rs. 72,900
52. The value of an asset after deducting depreciation
from the historical cost is known as
(a) Fair value.
(b) Book value.
(c) Market value.
(d) Net realisable value.
53. The plant and machinery account of a firm had a debit
balance of Rs. 1,47,390 on Jan, 1, 2010. It has
purchased the plant and machinery on Jan 1, 2007.
Firm has been following the practice of charging full.
years depreciation every year on diminishing balance
system @ 15%. Cost of machinery on 1.1.2007 will be
(a) Rs. 240,000
(b) Rs. 250,000
(c) Rs. 200,000
(d) Rs. 260,000
54. Original Cost = Rs. 1,26,000
Salvage Value = Rs. 6,000
Useful Life = 6 year
What will be the book value of the asset as at the
beginning of fourth year under sum of digit method:
(a) Rs. 1,03,143
(b) Rs. 40,286
(c) Rs. 45,987
(d) Rs. 99,256
55. Cost of a machine = Rs. 1,12,500
Salvage value = Rs. 10,500
Useful Life = 5 Years
Deprecation for the last years using the sum of digits
method will be:
(a) Rs. 6,800 (b) Rs. 20,400
(c) Rs. 34,000 (d) Rs. 27,200
56. Original cost = Rs. 1,26,000; Salvage value = Nil;

useful life = 6 years. Depreciation for the first year
under sum of years digits method will be:
(a) Rs. 6,000 (b) Rs. 12,000
(c) Rs. 18,000 (d) Rs. 36,000
57. A lease is purchased on 14 January, 2010 for 4 years
at a cost of Rs. 1,00,000. Lease is to be depreciated by
the annuity method charging 5% Interest. Annuity of
Re. 1 over 4 years charging 5% interest is Rs.
0.282012. The amount of annual depreciation will be
(a) Rs. 28,201.
(b) Rs. 20,000.
(c) Rs. 25,000.
58. Price of the computer = Rs. 50,000
Residual value = Rs. 10,000
Hours worked for the year = 6000 hrs.
Estimated life of computer = 20,000 hrs.
calculate the amount of depreciation
(a) Rs. 15,000 (b) Rs. 12,000
(c) Rs. 20,000 (d) Rs. 24,000
59. In the case of downward revaluation of an asset,

which is for the first time revalued, debited.
(a) Fixed Asset
(b) Revaluation Reserve
(c) Profit & Loss account
(d) General Reserve
60. Amortization refers to writing off:
(a) Depleting assets
(b) Wasting assets
(c) Intangible assets
(d) Fictitious assets
61. Depreciation of fixed assets is an example of........

expenditure.
(a) Revenue.
(b) Deferred revenue.
(c) Capital
62. Cost of machine Rs. 1,35,000. Residual value Rs.
5,000. Useful life 10 years the company charged
depreciation for the first 5 years on straight line
method. Later on, It reviewed the useful life and
decided to take it as useful for another 8 years.
Depreciation amount for 6th year will be.
(a) Rs. 8,125
(b) Rs. 8,000
(c) Rs. 8,200
63. A machine purchased on 1.4.2007 for Rs. 10,00,000
was depreciated on straight line basis over its useful
life of 10 years. On 1.4.2009, it was found that
machine is in a good condition and will be used in the
production for another 10 years. The amount of
depreciation for the year rending 31.3.2010 will be.
(a) Rs. 1,00,000
(b) Rs. 80,000
(c) Rs. 83,333
(d) Rs. 66,667.
Answer Key
1 A 2 A 3 C 4 D 5 B
6 C 7 D 8 B 9 A 10 B
11 D 12 B 13 D 14 A 15 C
16 D 17 B 18 D 19 C 20 C
21 B 22 B 23 B 24 B 25 B
26 B 27 A 28 D 29 A 30 A
31 B 32 B 33 B 34 A 35 B
36 C 37 D 38 B 39 A 40 D
41 A 42 A 43 B 44 C 45 B
46 B 47 C 48 C 49 D 50 A
51 A 52 B 53 A 54 B 55 A
56 D 57 A 58 B 59 C 60 C
61 A 62 A 63 B
1. âkl yxk;k tkrk gS--------ij
(a) LFkk;h lEifÙk;ksa
(b) pkyw lEifÙk;ksa
(c) rjy lEifÙk;ksa
(d) ukeek= dh lEifÙk;ksa
2. fuEukafdr esa ls dkSu xSj&udnh O;; gS\
(a) âkl
(b) vnÙk osru
(c) fdjk;k pqdk;k
(d) xkM+h HkkM+k
3. âkl-------------dh izfØ;k gS%
(a) lEifÙk dk ewY;kadu
(b) lEifÙk dh tkap
(c) lEifÙk dh ykxr dks mlds mi;ksxh thou esa ckaVus
(d) lEifÙk ds ewY; dks ?kVkus
4. vizpfyr dk vk'k; ewY; esa deh gS---------ds dkj.k%
(a) cktkj ewY; esa fxjkoV
(b) HkkSfrd fxjkoV
(c) le; dk xqtjuk
(d) uohuhdj.k vkSj vkfo"dkj
5. âkl izkjaHk gks tkrk ftl fnu ls e'kuhjh%
(a) [kjhnh tkrh gS (b) mi;ksx esa ysus ds fy, rS;kj gksus dh frfFk ls
(c) izfrLFkkfir fd;k tkrk gS (d) dksbZ Hkh
6. ,d âkleku lEifÙk dk vizpyu fdlds }kjk mRiUu gks ldrk gS%

1. izkS|ksfxdh ifjorZu
2. mriknu fof/k esa lq/kkj
3. mRikn ;k lsok mRiknu ds fy, cktkj dh ekax esa ifjorZu
4. oS/kkfud ;k vU; ck/kk,a
(a) dsoy 1 (b) nksuksa 1 o 2
(c) lHkh (d) dsoy 4
7. âkl yxkus ds eq[; mís'; D;k gSa%
(a) dj ds cks> dks de djuk
(b) LFkk;h lEifÙk ds izfrLFkkfir djus ds fy, fuf/k dh O;oLFkk djuk
(c) vkfFkZd fpV~Bs esa lgh foÙkh; fLFkfr fn[kkuk
(d) mijksDr lHkh
8. ,d miØe }kjk fdlh lEifÙk ds mi;ksx ls izkIr gksus dh vk'kk okyh lerqY;
bdkb;ksa ds mRiknu dh la[;k dks----------dgk tkrk gSA
(a) bdkbZ thou
(b) mi;ksxh thou
(c) mRiknu thou
(d) vk'kkfUor thou
9. âkl fdl frfFk ls yxk;k tkrk gS%
(a) ftl fnu ls lEifÙk iz;ksx esa ykbZ xbZ
(b) lEifÙk dks [kjhnus dk vkWMZj fn;k x;k gks
(c) lEifÙk tc fey tkrh gS
(d) lEifÙk dk fcy curk gS
10. lEifÙk ds dckM+ ewY; dk vk'k; ml jkf'k ls gS tks blds mi;ksxh thou ds------
------ij foØ; ls izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA
(a) izkjaHk
(b) var
(c) e/;
(d) dksbZ ugha
11. ,d lEifÙk dk mi;ksxh thou ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tk ldrk gS%
(a) ftl vof/k esa âkflr lEifÙk dk mi;ksx gksuk visf{kr gS
(b) lEifÙk dks mi;ksx djds izkIr gksus okyh ,d tSlh bdkb;ksa dh la[;k ls
(c) nl lky
(d) mijksDr a o b
12. ,d lEifÙk ds vo'ks"k ewY; dk vFkZ gksrk gS fd lEifÙk ls fdruh jkf'k fey
ldrh gS mlds mi;ksxh thou----------%
(a) izkjaHk esa
(b) var esa
(c) e/; esa
(d) dksbZ ugha
13. fuEu esa ls dkSu ls O;; la;a= rFkk midj.k dh izkfIr ykxr esa 'kkfey ugha
fd;s tkrs\
(a) LFky jpuk dh ykxr
(b) fMyhojh rFkk gLFku izHkkj
(c) LFkkiuk ykxrsa
(d) la;a= rFkk e'khujh ds iz;ksx esa vkus ds ckn dh vof/k ds mijkUr yxh foÙk
izca/ku ykxrsaA
14. lEifÙk dh vf/kxzg.k ykxr dk og Hkkx] tks Hkh vkjksfir fd;k tkuk gS] dgykrk gS%
(a) vifyf[kr ewY;
(b) lafpr ewY;
(c) olwyh&;ksX; ewY;
(d) vo'ks"k ewY;
15. âkl mRiUu gksus ds dkj.k gS&
(a) lEifÙk ds cktkj ewY; esa fxjkoV gksuk
(b) eqnzk ds ewY; esa fxjkoV gksuk
(c) lEifÙk dh HkkSfrd VwV&QwV
16. eSllZ bZ- fyfeVsM ds laca/k esa fuEu vkadM+ksa ij fopkj djsa ftUgksaus ,d flusek&
?kj dk fuekZ.k fd;k gS%
fooj.k :-
iqjkus QuhZpj dh ykxr 90,000
QuhZpj dh ejEer dh ykxr 10,000
QuhZpj yxkus dh deZpkfj;ksa dks nh xbZ etnwjh 2,000
vfXu chek izhfe;e 1,000
QuhZpj [kkrs esa MSfcV dh tkus okyh jkf'k%
(a) 90,000 :-
(b) 91,000 :-
(c) 1,00,000 :-
(d) 1,02,000:-
17. ewy ykxr = 126000 :-] vof'k"V ewY; = 6000 :-] mi;ksxh thou = 6
o"kZA ,l ,y ,e ds varxZr okf"kZd âkl gksxk&
(a) 21000 :- (b) 20000 :-
(c) 15000 :- (d) 14000 :-
18. v'kksd us 1.1.2005 dks ,d e'khu 120000 :- esa Ø; dhA izfrLFkkiuk

O;; 10,000 :- FksA 5 o"kZ i'pkr vof'k"V ewY; 5000 :- gSA 1.7.2005
dks ejEer ij O;; 2000 :- gq,A âkl dh lh/kh js[kk fof/k }kjk yxk;k tkrk
gSA
(a) 13000 :- (b) 17000 :-
(c) 21000 :- (d) 25000 :-
19. e'khu dk Ø; ewY; = 50,000 :-] pkyw ;ksX; ykus dk [kpkZ = 2000 :-]
e'khu pkyw djus ij etnwjh 4000 :-A 10 lky ds thou ds ckn vof'k"V
ewY; 6,000 :- ejEer 6,000 :- ¼[kjhn ds 6 eghus ckn½A âkl dh x.kuk
djsaA
(a) 5600 :- (b) 4800 :-
(c) 5000 :- (d) dksbZ ugha
20. lh/kh js[kk fof/k ds varxZr] âkl dh x.kuk dh tkrh gS&
(a) vifyf[kr ewY; ij
(b) dckM+ ewY; ij
(c) ewy ykxr ij
21. ,d Hkou ds pkj ryksa esa ls] Hkwfe ry dks O;ikfjd eky gsrq Hk.Mkj x`g ds :i
esa mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] izFke ,oa f}rh; ry dks dk;kZy; mís'; gsrq mi;ksx
fd;k tkrk gS rFkk r`rh; ry fjgk;'kh mís';ksa gsrq mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA Hkou
dk dqy âkl 80000 :- yxk;k tkrk gSA O;olk; dh iqLrdksa esa iznf'kZr dh
tkus okyh Hkou ds âkl dh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 80000 :- (b) 60000 :-
(c) 40000 :- (d) 20000 :-
22. âkl dh fLFkj fdLr fof/k ds varxZr izdYiuk gksrh gS fd blds mi;ksxh thou
ds fofHkUu o"kksaZ esa lEifÙk dk----------gksrk gSA
(a) mi;ksx (b) leku mi;ksx
(c) izHkkj (d) dksbZ ugha
23. ,d dEiuh us 5,000 :- ls la;a= Ø; fd;kA la;a= dk mi;ksxh thou 10
o"kZ gS rFkk vkorZu ewY; 500 :- gSA tc izca/k lh/kh js[kk fof/k ls âkl yxkuk
pkgrk gS] âkl dh nj gksxh&
(a) 8% (b) 9%
(c) 10% (d) dksbZ ugha
24. âkl dh fjfDrdj.k fof/k ------------- lEifÙk;ksa esa yxkbZ tkrh gSA
(a) vewrZ
(b) ewrZ
(c) osfLVax
(d) pkyw
25. vo{k; “kCn dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) LFkk;h lEifÙk;ksa gsrq (b) izkd`frd lalk/kuksa gsrq
(c) vn`”; lEifÙk;ksa gsrq (d) rhuksa esa ls dksbZ ugha
26. ,d e'khu izfro"kZ 2000 ls âkflr dh xbZA âkl dh x.kuk esa fdl fof/k dk
iz;ksx fd;k x;kA
(a) âkflr ewY; i)fr
(b) ljy js[kk fof/k
(c) o"kZ x.kuk i)fr
27. fuEu esa ls fdl fof/k esa lEifÙk ds mi;ksxh vkfFkZd thou ds nkSjku lEifÙk dh
ykxr dks leku vuqikr esa vifyf[kr fd;k tkrk gS\
(a) ljy js[kk fof/k (b) vifyf[kr ewY; fof/k
(c) mRiknu dh bdkb;ksa dh fof/k (d) o"kksaZ dh la[;k ds ;ksx dh fof/kA
28. vxLr 1, 2008 dks ds- VªSoYl fyfeVsM us pkj eSVkMksj oSu 1,20,000 :-
izfr ykxr ls [kjhnhA dEiuh dks vk'kk Fkh fd nl o"kZ ckn xkfM+;ksa ds ykxr
ewY; dk 25% LØSi ewY; fey tk;sxkA xkfM+;ka 31 ekpZ 2011 rd LFkk;h
fd'r fof/k ds varxZr âkflr dh tkrh FkhA ekpZ 31, 2011 rd yxk;s x;s
âkl dh nj Fkh%
(a) 10% (b) 9%
(c) 8.5% (d) 7.5%
29. Hkkjrh; dj vf/kfu;e ds vuqlkj ewY;âkl dh dkSulh fof/k viukbZ tkrh gSA
(a) ?kVrh gqbZ 'ks"k fof/k
(b) flafdax QaM
(c) okf"kZdh fof/k
(d) okf"kZd nj fof/k
30. âkl dh dkSu lh fof/k mi;qDr gksxh tc e'khu ds iqjkus gksus ls ml ij
ejEer rFkk lq/kkj ds [kpsZ c<+ tkrs gSa&
(a) Øekxr âkl fof/k
(b) lh/kh js[kk fof/k
(c) e”khu ?kaVknj fof/k
(d) “kks/ku dks’k fof/k
31. bl fof/k ds varxZr] âkl gsrq okf"kZd izHkkj o"kZ nj o"kZ ?kVrk tkrk gS ftlls
fd ckn ds o"kksaZ dk Hkkj ,oa ykHk iwoZ ds o"kksaZ }kjk foHkkftr gksrk gSA bl fof/k
ds varxZr] lEifÙk dk ewY; dHkh Hkh iw.kZr;k lekIr ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA
bl fof/k dk vU; ykHk ;g fd tc âkl mPp gksrk gS] ejEer O;; ux.; gksrs
gSa] vk; dk dqy izHkkj leku gksrk gS] rFkk tSls&tsls ejEer O;; c<+rs gSa] âkl
dk Hkkj U;wure vkSj U;wurj gksrk tkrk gSA âkl dh ;g fof/k gS&
(a) lh/kh js[kk fof/k
(b) ewY; viys[ku fof/k
(c) okf"kZd fof/k
(d) flafdax dks"k fof/k
32. âkleku 'ks"k fof/k ds varxZr] âkl
(a) izfr o"kZ c<+rk gS
(b) izfr o"kZ ?kVrk gS
(c) izfr o"kZ fLFkj gS
(d) dksbZ ugha
33. ,d eksVjdkj ftldh 11,600 :- ds laxzgh âkl lap; lfgr ykxr
58,000 :- gS] ij ?kVrs 'ks"k ij 20% izfr o"kZ ls âkl gksxk&
(a) 9,000 :-
(b) 9,280 :-
(c) 10,000 :-
(d) dksbZ ugha
34. QuhZpj dh ewy ykxr 80,000 :- r; dh tkrh gSA izR;sd o"kZ lEifÙk
âkleku 'ks"k ij 10% viys[ku djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k tkrk gSA pkSFks o"kZ ds
var esa QuhZpj [kkrs dk 'ks"k gksxk&
(a) 52,488 :- (b) 52,000 :-
(c) 50,000 :- (d) 55,000 :-
35. ,d lEifÙk dk mi;ksxh thou 4 o"kZ gSA ;fn ;g âkflr 'ks"k fof/k ds vuqlkj
âkflr gksrh gSA bldk iqLrdh; ewY; 4 o"kZ ds ckn ewy ykxr dk 24% jg
tk;sxkA vr% yxus okyh âkl dh nj gS&
(a) 20% (b) 30%
(c) 25% (d) 35%
36. ?kVrh gqbZ “ks’k fof/k esa] ewY;âkl
(a) gj lky fLFkj gS
(b) gj lky c<+rk gS
(c) gj lky ?kVrh gS
37. la;a= e'khujh ij âkl] ftldh ykxr 80,000 :- gS rFkk lafpr âkl lap;
12,000 :- gS] vifyf[kr ewY; ij 30% okf"kZd ls gksxk&
(a) 12,000
(b) 20,000
(c) 24,000
(d) 20,400
38. .......... fof/k âkl dh ,d ,slh fof/k gS tks iwath fuos'k ij C;kt ds rRo dks
Hkh /;ku esa j[krh gS rFkk lEifÙk ds thou esa lEifÙk ds ewY; rFkk [kks;s x;s
C;kt dks vifyf[kr djrh gSA
(a) vadksa ds ;ksx dh fof/k
(b) okf"kZdh
(c) 'kks/ku dks"k fof/k
(d) ljy js[kk fof/k
39. okf"kZdh fof/k ds varxZr] C;kt dh x.kuk dh tkrh gS&
(a) vifyf[kr ewY; ij
(b) ewy ykxr ij
(c) dckM+ ewY; ij
(d) dksbZ ugha
40. okf"kZd fof/k ds varxZr âkl dh jkf'k%
(a) izfr o"kZ c<+sxh
(b) izfr o"kZ ?kVsxh
(c) izfr o"kZ iqu% ewY;kafdr dh tk,xh
(d) lHkh lkyksa ds fy, fLFkj jgsxh
41. okf"kZdh fof/k ds varxZr lEifÙk [kkrk------ls MsfcV gksxk%
(a) C;kt ls
(b) âkl dks"k jkf'k
(c) 'kks/ku dks"k
42. okf"kZd fof/k fdl izdkj dh lEifÙk ij yxkbZ tkrh gS%
(a) iês (b) vewrZ
(c) LFkk;h lEifÙk (d) dksbZ ugha
43. 1,00,000 :- dh ,d e'khu [kjhnh xbZA LFkkiuk O;; 10,000 :- ljy

js[kk fof/k ls 10% dh nj ls âkl yxkus dk izko/kku gSA 5 o"kZ ckn e'khu
60,000 :- esa csp nh x;h rks e'khu foØ; ij ykHk&gkfu dh x.kuk djksA
(a) 5,000 :- gkfu
(b) 5,000 :- ykHk
(c) 60,000 :- ykHk
(d) 40,000 :- gkfu
44. ewy ykxr 1,00,000 iqLrd ewY; 40,000 foØ; 90,000 foØ; ij ykHk
gksxkA
(a) gkfu 50,000 (b) ykHk 60,000
(c) ykHk 50,000 (d) gkfu 10,000
45. ,d e'khu dk Ø; 01-01-2002 dks 5,00,000 dh ykxr ij fd;k x;k

thoudky 10 o"kZ rFkk ewY; âkl lh/kh js[kk i)fr ij yxk;k tkrk gSA ;fn
e'khu dks 31.12.2008 dks 50,000 :i;s esa foØ; dj fn;k x;k rks
ykHk ;k gkfu gksxhA
(a) gkfu 1,50,000 (b) gkfu 1,00,000
(c) ykHk 1,00,000 (d) ykHk 1,50,000
46. ,d ifjogu dEiuh 1 tuojh] 2005 dks 2,00,000 :- esa Vªd Ø; djrh
gSA ;g vifyf[kr ewY; fof/k ds vuqlkj izfr o"kZ 20% âkl dkVrh gSA Vªd
dks 1 tqykbZ] 2006 dks 160000 :- esa csp fn;k x;kA Vªd ds foØ; ij
ykHk vFkok C;kt gS&
(a) 16000 :- gkfu (b) 16000 :- ykHk
(c) 12000 :- ykHk (d) 12000 :- gkfu
47. , fy- dEiuh 1 vizSy] 2004 dks 1,00,000 :- dh e'khujh Ø; djrh gSA
bl e'khujh ij âkl lh/kh js[kk fof/k ls 10 izfr'kr izfr o"kZ dh nj ij dkVk
tkrk gSA 30 flracj 2006 dks e'khujh dks 89000 :- esa csp fn;k tkrk gSA
bl e'khujh ds foØ; ij ykHk ;k gkfu gS&
(a) 12000 :- ykHk (b) 12000 :- gkfu
(c) 14000 :- ykHk (d) 6000 :- gkfu
48. ,d 3000 :- okyh e'khujh 4200 :- esa csph x;hA frfFk rd dk âkl
izko/kku 400 :- rFkk foØ; vfHkdrkZ dks fn;k x;k deh'ku 420 :- Fkk ,oa
e'khu dks gVkus gsrq Jfedksa dks nh x;h etnwjh 30 :- FkhA e'khujh dh fcØh
ij ykHk gksxk&
(a) 1,200 :- (b) 1000 :-
49. tuojh 2004 dks ,d O;kikjh us 10,000 :- dk QuhZpj Ø; fd;kA âkl
25% dh nj ls ?kVrs 'ks"k ij dkVk tkrk gSA rhljs o"kZ ds var esa bls
1000 :- esa csp fn;k x;kA foØ; ls ykHk ;k gkfu gksxh&
(a) ykHk 2400 :- (b) ykHk 2300 :-
(c) gkfu 2406 :- (d) gkfu 3219 :-
50. 4,000 :- dh ,d e'khujh 5200 :- esa foØ; dh x;h FkhA frfFk rd âkl
izko/kku 500 :- Fkk rFkk foØ; ,tsUV dks 420 :- deh'ku fn;k x;k Fkk rFkk
Jfedksa dks e'khu dks gVkus dh etnwjh 150 :- nh x;h FkhA e'khujh ds foØ;
ij ykHk gksxk&
(a) 1130 :- (b) 1000 :-
51. 31 ekpZ 2006 dks e'khu dk 'ks"k 72900 :- gSA 10 izfr'kr izfr o"kZ dh nj
âkl yxkrs gq, 1 vizSy] 2003 dks e'khujh [kjhnh xbZ FkhA 1 vizSy 2003
dks e'khu dk ykxr ewY; gksxk&
(a) 1,00,000 :- (b) 90,000 :-
(c) 81,000 :- (d) 72900 :-
52. ,sfrgkfld ykxr ls âkl dkVus ds i'pkr ,d lEifÙk dk ewY; tkuk tkrk gS&
(a) mfpr ewY;
(b) iqLrdh; ewY;
(c) cktkj ewY;
(d) 'kq) olwyh ;ksX; ewY;
53. tuojh 1, 2006 dks ,d QeZ ds la;a= ,oa e'khujh [kkrs dk MsfcV 'ks"k
1,47,390 :- FkkA bls tuojh] 1, 2003 dks Ø;k fd;k x;k gSA QeZ us
15% dh nj ij âkleku 'ks"k i)fr ij izfr o"kZ iwjs o"kksaZ dk âkl yxkus dk
dk;Z fd;k gSA 2003 esa e'khujh dh ykxr------ gksxhA
(a) 2,40,000 :- (b) 2,50,000 :-
(c) 2,00,000 :- (d) 2,60,000 :-
54. ekSfyd ykxr 1,26,000 :-
vo'ks"k ewY; 6,000 :-
mi;ksxh thou 6 o"kZ
lEifÙk dk iqLrdh; ewY; D;k gksxk pkSFks o"kZ ds 'kq:vkr esa% ¼vadksa ds ;ksx fof/k
ds vuqlkj½
(a) 1,03,143 :
(b) 40,286 :
(c) 45,987 :
(d) 99,256 :-
55. e'khujh dh ykxr 1,12,500 :-
vo'ks"k ewY; 10,500 :-
mi;ksxh thou 5 o"kZ
âkl dh jkf'k vafre o"kZ esa vadksa dh ;ksx fof/k ds vuqlkj gksxk%
(a) 6800 :
(b) 20,400 :-
(c) 34,000 :-
(d) 27,200 :-
56. ewy ykxr = 1,26,000 :-
vo'ks"k ewY; = 'kwU;
mi;ksxh thou = 6 o"kZ
âkl o"kksaZ dh la[;kvksa ds ;ksx fof/k ds vuqlkj igys o"kZ ds fy, gksxk&
(a) 6000 :-
(b) 12,000 :-
(c) 18,000 :-
(d) 36,000 :-
57. ,d iês dks 1,00,000 :- dh ykxr ij 4 o"kZ gsrq 1 tuojh 2005 dks Ø;
fd;k tkrk gSA iês ij 5% C;kt ykxrksa gq, okf"kZdh fof/k }kjk âkl dkVk
tkuk gSA 5% C;kt ykxrksa gq, 4 o"kksaZ esa 1 :i;s dh okf"kZdh
0.282012 :i;s gSA okf"kZdh âkl dh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 28201 :- (b) 20,000 :-
58. dEI;wVj dk ewY; 50,000 :- vo'ks"k ewY; 10,000 :-] o"kZ esa iz;ksx fd;s
x;s ?kaVs 6000 ?kaVs] vuqekfur mi;ksxh thou 20,000 ?kaVs] âkl dh jkf'k
Kkr dhft,A
(a) 15,000 :- (b) 12,000 :-
(c) 20,000 :- (d) 24,000 :-
59. ,d lEifÙk ds v/kksxkeh iquewZY;kadu dh n'kk esa] ftls loZizFke iquewZY;kafdr
fd;k tkrk gS------------[kkrk MsfcV fd;k tkrk gSA
(a) LFkk;h lEifÙk (b) iquewZY;kadu lap;
(c) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk (d) lkekU; lap;
60. vify[khfrdj.k crkrk gS&&&&&&dks cV~Vs [kkrs esa Mkyuk

(a) {k;”khy lEifÙk
(b) osfLVax lEifÙk
(c) vewrZ lEifÙk
(d) cukoVh lEifÙk
61. LFkk;h lEifÙk;ksa ij âkl-----------------------O;;ksa dk mnkgj.k gS&
(a) vk;xr
(b) vkLFkfxr vkxe
(c) iwathxr
62. e”khu dh ykxr 1,35,000 :- vo”ks’k ewY; 5,000 :- rFkk mi;ksxh thou
10 o’kZA dEiuh us izFke 5 o’kksaZ rd lh/kh js[kk fof/k ls âkl yxk;kA ckn esa
blus mi;ksxh thou dk iqujh{k.k fd;k rFkk bls vU; 8 o’kksZa rd mi;ksxh :i
esa gksus dk fu.kZ; fd;kA 6 osa o’kZ gsrq âkl dh jkf”k gksxhA
(a) 8,125 :- (b) 8,000 :-
(c) 8,200 :- (d) rhuksa esa ls dksbZ ugha
63. 1.4.2003 dks 10,00,000 :- esa Ø; dh x;h ,d e'khu ij blds 10 o"kZ
ds mi;ksxh thou esa lh/kh js[kk vk/kkj ij âkl dkVk x;kA 1.4.2005 dks ;g
ik;k x;k fd e'khu vPNh fLFkfr esa gS rFkk vU; 10 o"kksaZ gsrq mRiknu esa
mi;ksx dh tk;sxhA 31.3.2006 dks lekIr gksus okys o"kZ gsrq âkl dh jkf'k
gksxh&
(a) 1,00,000 :- (b) 80,000 :-
(c) 83,333 :- (d) 66,667 :-
Answer Key
1 A 2 A 3 C 4 D 5 B
6 C 7 D 8 B 9 A 10 B
11 D 12 B 13 D 14 A 15 C
16 D 17 B 18 D 19 C 20 C
21 B 22 B 23 B 24 A 25 B
26 B 27 A 28 D 29 A 30 A
31 B 32 B 33 B 34 A 35 B
36 C 37 D 38 B 39 A 40 D
41 A 42 A 43 B 44 C 45 B
46 B 47 C 48 C 49 D 50 A
51 A 52 B 53 A 54 B 55 A
56 D 57 A 58 B 59 C 60 C
61 A 62 A 63 B
,dkdh O;kikj
ds vafre [kkrs
LVkWd laca/kh lek;kstu
Opening Stock  Closing Stock
vkSlr LVkWd (Average Stock) =
2
 vafre Stock dk ewY;kadu :f<+okfnrk ds vuqlkj ykxr rFkk 'kq) olwyh ewY;
tks nksuksa esa ls de gks ml ij fd;k tkrk gSA
 vxj ryiV ds vUnj closing stock ns j[kk gS rks vafre [kkrs cukrs le;
bls dsoy vkSj dsoy Balance sheet esa Asset side esa fn[kk;saxsA
 ryiV ds ckgj fn;k x;k closing stock vafre [kkrs cukrs le; fuEu nks
txg fn[kk;k tk;sxk&
(i) Trading A/c Credit side ij
(ii) Balance sheet ds Asset side ij
 ryiV esa fn[kk;k x;k opening stock vafre [kkrs cukrs le; dsoy
Trading A/c esa fn[kkrs gSaA
Closing Stock ds xyr ewY;kadu ds izHkko
 vafre LVkWd ds xyr ewY;kadu ds izHkko nks o"kksaZ ij iM+saxs D;ksafd bl o"kZ dk
closing stock vxys o"kZ dk opening stock gksxkA
(A) vxj o"kZ 2020 ds vafre stock dks 10,000 :- ls vf/kewY;kafdr fd;k
tk;s rks ifj.kke gksxkA
Closing stock () in 2019, Profit (), Tax (), Profit () in 2020
(B) vxj o"kZ 2020 ds vafre LVkWd dks 10,000 :- ls U;wu ewY;kafdr fd;k
gks rks ifj.kke D;k gksxk\
Closing stock () in 2019, Profit (), Tax (), Profit () in 2020
csps x;s eky dh ykxr Kkr djuk (Cost of Goods Sold- (COGS)
 COGS dh x.kuk O;kikj [kkrs ds ek/;e ls gksrh gSA
 Opening Stock
 Purchase
 Direct Expense
 Gross profit
 Sales
 Closing stock
 buesa ls dksbZ Hkh en Kkr djuh gks rks bls Folow djsaxsA
 iz'u dks /;ku ls i<+saxs vkSj tgka ij sales fn[kk;h nsxh ogka iz'u i<+uk cUn
dj nsaxs vkSj ogha ls step (1) 'kq: djsaxsA
Step (1)
Sales = ×××
Less Gross profit = ×××
COGS = ×××
Note:-
• iz'u esa nh xbZ ykHk dh nj dks /;ku ls i<+saxsA
• ;fn ykHk dh nj Sales ij ns j[kh gS rks lh/ks gh dke esa ysaxsA
• vkSj ;fn iz'u esa ykHk dh nj ykxr ij ns j[kh gS rks bl nj dks ge fuEu
rkfydk ds ek/;e ls foØ; dh nj esa cny ysaxsA
Cost ykxr Sales foØ;
1/2 50% 33.33% 1/3
1/3 33.33% 25% 1/4
1/4 25% 20% 1/5
1/5 20% 16.66% 1/6
1/6 1/7
1/7 1/8
• iz'u esa fdlh Li"V lwpuk ds vHkko esa ykHk dh nj foØ; ij ekuh tk;sxhA
• tSls gh COGS Kkr gks tk;sxh ogha ls ge Step (2) izkjaHk djsaxsA
Step (2)
COGS = Opening Stock + Purchase + Direct Expense –
Closing Stock
Note:- Purchase – P /R, Drawings, Free sample, Donation,
Loss by fire ¼nkos dh jkf'k dks /;ku esa ugha j[ksaxs½
Note:-
Opening Stock  1,00,000 Rs.
Purchase  9,00,000 Rs.
10,00,000 Rs.  foØ; ds fy, miyC/k eky dh ykxr
(Cost of Goods Available for sale)
iwath laca/kh lek;kstu
 iz'u esa fdlh Li"V lwpuk ds vHkko esa izkjafHkd iwath rFkk vafre iwath ds chp
vUrj dh jkf'k dks ykHk@gkfu dgsaxsA
 vxj Closing capital c<+rh gS rks ykHk gS vkSj de gks tkrh gS rks gkfu gSA
Closing capital =
opening capital – Drawings + Additional Capital + N.P. –
– Int. on draw. + int. on capital - N.L.
Note:- vkgj.k esa 'kkfey ensa&
(1) Lokeh ds vk;dj dk Hkqxrku
(2) Lokeh ds thou chek izhfe;e dk Hkqxrku
(3) Lokeh ds cPpksa ds School Fees dk HkqxrkuA
(4) O;kikj ls eky O;fDrxr :i ls LO;a mi;ksx ds fy, fudkyukA
Note:- vxj ,d fuf'pr jkf'k] fuf'pr le; ij] o"kZ Hkj fudkyh tk;s rks
vkgj.k ij C;kt fuEu ekg dk yxk;k tk;s mlds fy, rkfydk fuEu gS&
izfrekg frekgh Nekgh
12  1 12  3 12  6
izkjEHk esa 6  7.5 9
2 2 2
12 12 12
e/; esa 6 6 6
2 2 2
12  1 12  3 12  6
vUr esa  5.5  4.5 3
2 2 2
Note:-
Opening Capital  Closing Capital
• vkSlr iwath (Average Capital) =
2
• vxj vafre iwath ugha ns j[kh rks vkSlr iwath bl izdkj gksxh&
Average Capital = Opening Capital + pkyw o"kZ ds ykHkksa dk vk/kk
• vxj Opening Capital ugha ns j[kh gks rks Average Capital bl
izdkj gksxh&
Average Capital = Closing Capital – pkyw o"kZ ds ykHkksa dk vk/kk Hkkx
ykHkksa ij izHkkj@ykHkksa dk fu;kstu

(Charge on profit/ Appropriation of profit)
 izHkkj P & L A/c ds Dr Side esa fn[kk;s tkrs gSaA
 tcfd fu;kstu P & L Appropriation A/c ds Dr i{k ij fn[kk;s tkrs
gSaA
 izHkkj dk Hkqxrku@O;oLFkk djuh gh iM+rh gSA pkgs ykHk gks ;k gkfu gksA
 tcfd fu;kstu dsoy rHkh gks ldrk gS tc ykHk gksA
 ckgj okyksa ls lacaf/kr lHkh Hkqxrku izHkkj gksrs gSaA
 vxj O;kikj ds Lokeh mldh iwath (Capital) rFkk Je (Labour) ds cnys
dksbZ jkf'k pqdk;h tkrh gS rks mls fu;kstu dgrs gSa rFkk blds vfrfjDr pqdk;h
xbZ jkf'k;ka izHkkj dgykrh gSaA
mnkgj.k&
(1) âkl & izHkkj
(2) vk;kstu@izko/kku@ provision – izHkkj
(3) lap; & fu;kstu
(4) iwath ij C;kt & fu;kstu
(5) _.k ij C;kt & izHkkj
(6) lk>snkj dk osru & fu;kstu
(7) dj gsrq izko/kku & izHkkj
(8) lk>snkj dks QeZ }kjk fdjk;s dk Hkqxrku & izHkkj
lafnX/k nkf;Ro@lafnX/k lEifÙk@izko/kku
 vfuf'pr jkf'k ds vfuf'pr nkf;Ro ftls vuqeku dh lkjoku ek=k ds }kjk
ekikafdr ugha fd;k tk ldrk mUgsa lafnX/k nkf;Ro dgrs gSaA
 lafnX/k nkf;Roksa dks vafre [kkrksa@foÙkh; fooj.kksa@Balance sheet esa
'kkfey ugha fd;k tkrkA cfYd bUgsa Balance Sheet esa uhps Foot Note
¼fVIi.kh½ ds :i esa fn[kk;k tkrk gSA
mnkgj.k&
(1) U;k;ky; esa fopkjk/khu nkosA
(2) r`rh; i{kdkj ds fy;s nh x;h tekur@xkjaVh
(3) cSad ls Hkquk;s x;s@cV~Vk djk;s x;s foi=A
lafnX/k lEifÙk
 bls ^vuqeksnudkjh vf/klÙkk* fjiksVZ esa fn[kk;k tkrk gSA
 vxj fuEu ensa ryiV ds vUnj ns j[kh gSa rks bUgsa vafre [kkrs cukrs le; dsoy
vkSj dsoy Balance sheet fn[kk;saxsA
(1) Closing Stock
(2) vnÙk O;; (Outstanding Expense)
(3) iwoZnÙk O;; (Prepaid Expense)
(4) mikftZr vk; (Accrued Income)
(5) vuqikftZr vk; (Unearned Income)
 vkSj ;fn fuEu ensa ryiV ds vUnj ns j[kh gSa rks bUgsa vafre [kkrs cukrs le;
dsoy vkSj dsoy Trading/P&L esa fn[kk;saxsA
(1) âkl (Depreciation)
(2) Bad debts
(3) Discount Received/Allowed
(4) Interest on Loan/Capital
(5) P/R and S/R
egRoiw.kZ lek;kstu
Note:- nsunkjksa ij Mwcr vk;kstu dk fuekZ.k
• nsunkj ij vk;kstu dk fuekZ.k vafre nsunkj dh jkf'k ij fd;k tkrk gSA
• ryiV esa ls nsunkj dh jkf'k dks ysaxs vkSj blds i'pkr ryiV ds ckgj nh xbZ
enksa dks ns[ksaxs vxj ml lwpuk ls nsunkj c<+ jgk gS rks c<+k nsaxs vkSj de gks
jgk gS rks de dj nsaxsA
• ,slk djus ls gesa vafre nsunkj Kkr gks tk;saxsA vkSj ogha ls ge fuEu izfØ;k
'kq: djsaxsA
vnÙk O;;@vpqdrk@ns;@cdk;k
(Outstanding/Due/Unpaid/Payable)
1. ;g izfrfuf/kRo O;fDrxr [kkrk gSA
2. vxj ryiV ds vUnj vnÙk O;; ns j[kk gS rks bls vafre [kkrs cukrs le;
dsoy Balance Sheet esa fn[kk;saxsA
3. vxj ryiV ds ckgj vnÙk O;; ns j[kk gS rks bls 2 txg ij fn[kk;saxsA
(i) Trading and P&L esa lacaf/kr O;; esa tksM+saxsA
(ii) Balance Sheet esa nkf;Ro ij
4. vnÙk O;; dk ys[kk eq[; tuZy (Journal proper) esa fd;k tkrk gSA
31 Dec/31 March – Expense A/c Dr
To outstanding Expense A/c
1 Jan/1 April – Outstanding Expense A/c Dr
To Expense A/c
 ,sls O;; tks pkyw o"kZ ls lacaf/kr gSa ysfdu ftudk Hkqxrku o"kZ ds vUr rd ugha
gqvk gS mUgsa o"kZ ds vUr esa vnÙk O;; dgrs gSaA
iwoZnÙk O;;@vlekIr O;;

1. ;g izfrfuf/kRo O;fDrxr [kkrk gSA
2. vxj ryiV ds vUnj ns j[kk gS rks Balance Sheet ds Asset esa vxj
ckgj ns j[kk gS rks
(i) Trading, P & L esa lacaf/kr O;; ls ?kVkdj
(ii) Balance Assets i{k ij
• bldk ys[kk eq[; tuZy@jkstukepk esa gksxkA
31 Dec/31 March – Prepaid Expense A/c Dr
To Expenses A/c
1 Jan/ 1 April - Expenses A/c Dr
To Prepaid Expense A/c
Note:- ,sls O;; ftudk Hkqxrku pkyw o"kZ esa dj fn;k gS ysfdu ;s vxys o"kZ@o"kksaZ
ls lacaf/kr gS mUgsa iwoZnÙk O;; dgrs gSaA
mikftZr vk; %
1. izfrfuf/kRo O;fDrxr [kkrk gSA
2. ryiV ds vUnj rks & Balance Sheet ds Asset
3. ryiV ds ckgj rks & P & L esa lacaf/kr vk; esa tksM+dj rFkk Balance
Sheet esa Asset side
• bldk ys[kk eq[; tuZy (Journal proper) esa fd;k tkrk gSA
31 March/31 Dec. – Accrued income A/c Dr
To Income A/c
1 April/ 1Jan.- Income A/c Dr
To Accrued income A/c
vuqikftZr vk; (Unearned Income)
1. izfrfuf/kRo O;fDrxr [kkrk gSA
2. vxj ryiV ds vUnj ns j[kk gS rks& Balance Sheet esa
3. vxj ryiV ds ckgj ns j[kk gS rks&
(i) Balance Sheet ds nkf;Ro i{k esa ?kVkdj
(ii) P & L esa lacaf/kr vk; esa ?kVkdj
4. ys[kk (Journal proper)
31 Dec./31 March - Income A/c Dr
To Unearned Income
1 Jan./1 April - Unearned Income A/c Dr
To Income A/c
Note:- ,slh vk; tks pkyw o"kZ esa izkIr gks xbZ ysfdu vxys o"kksaZ ls lacaf/kr gSA
Balance Sheet/ vkfFkZd fpV~Bk@rqyui{k@fLFkfr i{k
 ;g ^êk'kZfyax** rduhd ij vk/kkfjr gSA
 tc ,d leku izd`fr dh enksa dks ,d lkFk ,d txg ,d lewg esa iznf'kZr
fd;k tkrk gS rks bls ek'kZfyax rduhd dgrs gSaA
mnkgj.k& Fixed Asset, Current Asset, Capital
 ;g O;kikj dh rjyrk fLFkfr] vkfFkZd fLFkfr] 'kks/ku {kerk LokfeRo dks"k dks
crkrk gSA
 blesa dsoy O;fDrxr rFkk okLrfod [kkrs fn[kk;s tkrs gSaA
 ;g ys[kkadu lehdj.k ij vk/kkfjr gksrk gSA
 ,dkdh O;kikj esa vafre [kkrs@B/S {kSfrt (horizontal) esa cukbZ tkrh gSA
 ;fn B/S dks rjyrk Øe esa cuk;k tkrk gS rks lEifÙk i{k ij igyh en jksdM+
gksxhA vkSj ;fn bls LFkk;h Øe esa cuk;k tkrk gS rks igyh en [;kfr gksxhA
Note:-
LFkk;h lEifÙk
 blds [kkrs okLrfod [kkrs gksrs gSaA
 blesa n`'; rFkk vn`'; nksuksa lEifÙk;ka 'kkfey gksrh gSaA
 ;g âkleku lEifÙk;ka gSaA
 ;g ewY;oku lEifÙk gSA
 ;s iquZfoØ; ds fy, ugha gksrhA
 ;s vk; vtZu ds fy, j[kh tkrh gSA
 ;s jksdM+ esa ifjorZu ds fy, ugha gksrh gSA
pkyw lEifÙk
 ;s ewY;oku lEifÙk gSA
 ;s xSj âkleku lEifÙk gSA
 ;s iquZfoØ; ds fy, gksrh gSA
 ;s jksdM+ esa ifjorZu ds fy, j[kh tkrh gSA
tSls& Cash, Bank, Stock, Debtors, B/R, Prepaid Expense
etc.
dkYifud@d`f=e lEifÙk % ;s ewY;ghu lEifÙk;ka gSaA budk olwyh ewY; ugha gksrk gSA
tSls& Dr Balance dh P & L A/c
Note:- pkyw nkf;Ro& ,sls nkf;Ro ftudk Hkqxrku O;kikj dks vYidky@1 o"kZ esa
djuk gksrk gS& Creditors, B/P, Outstanding Expense
etc.
fuekZ.kh [kkrk (Manufacturing Account)
 ;g vokLrfod@ukeek= izd`fr dk [kkrk gSA
 blds ek/;e ls mRiknu ykxr Kkr gksrh gS ftls ge O;kikj [kkrs (Trading
A/c) esa gLrkarfjr djrs gSaA
O;kikj [kkrk (Trading A/c)
 blds ek/;e ls COGS Kkr gksrh gSA
 blds ek/;e ls ldy ykHk@gkfu Kkr gksrh gSA
 blds izR;{k O;; 'kkfey fd;s tkrs gSaA
• vUr HkkM+k@vkod HkkM+k
• vk;kr 'kqYd] pqaxh (Import Duty/Octopi)
• etnwjh (wages)
ykHk&gkfu [kkrk (P & L Account)
 blesa lHkh vizR;{k O;;@Åijh O;;@gkfu;ksa dks 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gSA
tSls& Dep., Rent, Salary
• Salary and wages
• Carriage outward/Carriage on sales
• Stationary
• Rent
• Free sample/charity/Loss by fire/Loss by theft
• Interest/Discount/commission
Note- Drawings dks P&L A/c esa ugha fn[kkrsA
• P&L A/c ls Net profit/Net loss Kkr gksrk gS ftls Capital A/c esa
Transfer dj nsrs gSaA
Final Account
of sole
Proprietor
Stock Related Adjustment
Opening Stock  Closing Stock

Average Stock =
2
 Closing stock should be valued as per conservatism

concept at cost or NRV whichever is lower.
 If closing stock is given inside the trial balance then at
the time of making final account it will disclosed only
in balance sheet.
 Closing stock given outside the trial balance then it
will be disclosed on two places.
(i) Credit side of trading a/c
(ii) Balance sheet asset side
 Opening stock given inside the trial balance will be
disclosed only in trading account debit side
Effect of wrong valuation of closing stock
 Wrong valuation of closing stock will have effect on
two years, because closing stock of this year will be
opening stock of next year.
(A) If year 2019 closing stock will be overvalued by Rs.
10,000 then effect will be as under.
Closing stock () in 2019, Profit (), Tax (), Profit () in
2020
(B) If year 2019 closing stock will be undervalued by Rs.
10,000 then effect will be as under
Closing stock () in 2019, Profit (), Tax (), Profit () in
2020
Calculation of cost of goods sold (COGS)
 COGS will be calculated with the help of trading
account
 If any item of given list like
- Opening stock
- Purchase
- Direct Expense
- Gross profit
- Sales
- Closing stock
 Calculation required then we have to follow COGS
calculation.
 We have to read question carefully if sales will be
given in question we start step I that will be as under.
Step (1)
Note:-
• Profit percentage given in question must be read carefully.
• If profit percentage given on sales then we use it directly
• If profit percentage given on cost then we convert it on
sales by using this table.
Cost Sales
50% 1/2 33.33% 1/3
33.33% 1/3 25% 1/4
25% 1/4 20% 1/5
20% 1/5 16.66% 1/6
• In absence of information profit percentage will be
assume on sales only
• After we get COGS, we have to start step (2)
Step (2)
COGS = Opening stock + Purchase + Direct Expense – Closing stock
- P/R
- Drawings
- Free sample
- Loss by five
Note: - Insurance claim recd will be ignored.
Note:- opening stock = 1,00,000 Rs.
+ purchase = 9,00,000 Rs.
Cost of Goods Available for sale = 10,00,000 Rs.
• If cost of goods available for sale given it means
(opening stock + purchases)
• If adjusted purchases given in question then it means
closing stock already adjusted with purchase
Capital Related Adjustment
 In absence of information difference between opening
capital and closing capital will be known as profit/loss.
 If closing capital increase then it will be profit and de
crease then it will be loss.
Closing capital = opening capital – Drawings + Additional Capital + N.P.
– Int. on draw. + Int. on capital – N.L.
Note:- Items included in Drawings
(1) Income tax liability of owner
(2) Life insurance premium
(3) School fees of children's
(4) Goods Drawings for personal use
Note: - If fixed amount, at fixed interval, withdrawal
continuous for year then interest will be calculate
for following months by using this table
Per month Quarterly Half yearly
12  1 12  3 12  6
First  6.5  7.5 9
2 2 2
12 12 12
Middle 6 6 6
2 2 2
12  1 12  3 12  6
Last  5.5  4.5 3
2 2 2
Note:-
Opening Capital  Closing Capital

Average Capital =
2
 If closing capital not given in question then average
capital will be calculated as under:
Opening capital + half of current year profit
 If opening capital not given in question then average
capital will be calculated as under
Closing capital – half of current year profit
Charge on profit/Appropriation of profit
 Charge on profit will be disclosed on debit side of P&L
account
 Item of Appropriation will be disclosed on debit side of
P&L Appropriation account
 For charge we have to paid or provide in P&L account
 But appropriation will be provide only in case of
availability of profit
 Payment to outsider will be charge on profit
 If any amount paid to owner against their capital and
labour it will be known as appropriation and other
then these will be charge on profit.
Example:
(1) Depreciation = Charge
(2) Provision = Charge
(3) Reserve = Appropriation
(4) Interest on capital = Appropriation
(5) Interest on loan = Charge
(6) Salary of Partner = Appropriation
(7) Provision for tax = Charge
(8) Rent payment to partner = Charge
Contingent liability/contingent assets/ Provision

(1) Uncertain liability of uncertain amount that can not be
major by substantial measurement
(2) It will be disclose under foot note, not included in
balance sheet
Example
(1) Court pending claims
(2) Guarantee given to third party
(3) Discounted bill
Contingent Assets
(1) It will be disclosed under director approving authority
report
 If these items are given inside the trial balance then at
the time of making final account these will be
disclosed only in balance sheet
(1) Closing Stock
(2) Outstanding Expense
(3) Prepaid Expense
(4) Accrued Income
(5) Unearned Income
 If these items are given inside the trial balance then at
the time of making final account these will be
disclosed only in profit & loss account
(1) Depreciation
(2) Bad debts
(3) Discount Received/Allowed
(4) Interest on Loan/Capital
(5) P/R and S/R
Note:-
• Creation of provision for bad and doubtful debts on
debtor
• PBD will be created on closing debtors
• We take debtor from trial balance and if any
information given outside the trial balance that
increase or decrease debtors, then we adjust it
• Then we get closing debtor and we start following
steps
Outstanding/Due/Unpaid/Payable
1. This representative personal account.
2. If the outstanding expenditure given inside the trial
balance then it will only appear in balance sheet when
preparing the final account.
3. If the outstanding expenditure given outside the trial
balance, it will be shown in 2 places.
(i) Add to the respective expenditure in Trading and
P&L.
(ii) On liability in Balance Sheet
4. Outstanding expenditure is accounted for in the
Journal (Journal proper).
31 Dec/31 March – Expense A/c Dr
To outstanding Expense A/c
1 Jan/1 April – Outstanding Expense A/c Dr
To Expense A/c
• Expenses which relate to the current year but which
have not been paid till the end of the year are called
outstanding expenditure at the end of the year.
Prepaid expenses/unexpired expenditure

2. If given inside the trial balance then it will be disclosed
only in the Asset side of balance Sheet
3. If the prepaid expenditure given outside the trial
balance, it will be shown in 2 places.
(i) Reducing the respective expenses in trading and P
& L account
(ii) On the Balance Assets side
• The entry will be in the Journal.
31 Dec/31 March – Prepaid Expense A/c Dr
To Expenses A/c
1 Jan/ 1 April - Expenses A/c Dr
To Prepaid Expense A/c
Note:- Expenses which have been paid in the current year
but are related to the next year/years are called
prepaid expenses.
Accrued income:
2. If given inside the trial balance then it will be disclosed
only in the Asset side of balance Sheet.
3. If the accrued income given outside the trial balance, it
will be shown in 2 places.
• It is accounted for in the Journal proper.
(i) Add to the respective income in Trading and P&L.
(ii) On assets side in Balance Sheet
31 March/31 Dec. – Accrued income A/c DR

To Income A/c
1 April/ 1Jan.- Income A/c Dr
To Accrued income A/c
Unearned Income
2. If given inside the trial balance then it will be
disclosed only in the liability side of balance Sheet.
3. If the unearned income given outside the trial balance,
it will be shown in 2 places.
• It is accounted for in the Journal proper.
(i) Reducing the respective income and P & L account
(ii) On the Balance liability side
4. Journal proper
31 Dec./31 March - Income A/c Dr
To Unearned Income
1 Jan./1 April - Unearned Income A/c Dr
To Income A/c
Note:- Income which has been received in the current
year but is related to the next years.
Balance Sheet
 It is based on "Marshalling" technic.
 When items of a similar nature are displayed together
in a group in one place, it is called marshalling
technic. Example- Fixed Asset, Current Asset, Capital
 It shows the liquidity position of the business, the
economic situation, the solvency ownership fund.
 Only personal and real accounts are shown in it.
 It is based on accounting equations.
 In sole proprietor business trading, P&L and B/S is
prepared in horizontal.
 If B/S is made in liquidity order, the first item on the
assets side will be cash. And, if it is made in a
permanent order, the first item will be goodwill.
Note:-
Fixed Assets
 Its accounts are real accounts.
 It includes both tangible and intangible assets.
 These are depreciable assets.
 It is a valuable asset.
 It is not for resale.
 These are kept for earning income.
 These are not meant for cash conversion.
Current Assets
 It is a valuable asset.
 It is a non- depreciable assets.
 It is meant for resale.
 These are kept for change in cash conversion.
Example:-Cash, Bank, Stock, Debtors, B/R, Prepaid
Expense etc.
Fictitious Assets
 These are valueless properties. They do not have
recovery value. Such as- Dr Balance's P & L A/c
Note:- Current liabilities - Obligations which are to be paid

to the business in short term/1 year-Creditors, B/P,
Outstanding Expense etc.
Manufacturing Account
 It is nominal nature account.
 Through this, the cost of production is known which
we transfer to trading a/c.
Trading A/c
 COGS is calculated through it.
 Gross profit/loss is calculated through this.
 Direct expenditure are included
Example:-
- Freight inward
- Import Duty/Octori
- Wages
Profit & Loss Account
 It includes all indirect expenses/overhead expenses/
losses.
Example
- Depreciation, Rent, Salary
- Salary and wages
- Carriage outward/Carriage on sales
- Stationary
- Rent
- Free sample/charity/Loss by fire/Loss by theft
- Interest/Discount/commission
Note:-
• Drawings do not appear in P&L A/c.
• P&L A/c is disclosed net profit/Net loss that will be
transfer to Capital A/c.
Note:-
Treatment of suspense account in final account
• Suspense account = transfer to balance sheet
• Heavy balance of suspense account = transfer to
balance sheet
• Minor balance of suspense account means less then
5000 Rs. then write off in P&L account
Calculation of manager commission
• It will be calculated on net profit
• If after charging commission language given then we
put %
100  %
• If after charging commission language not given then
we put %
100
1. O;kikj [kkrk gS%
(a) O;fDrxr [kkrk
(b) okLrfod [kkrk
(c) vokLrfod [kkrk
Trading Account is a
(a) Personal Account
(b) Real Account
(c) Nominal account
(d) None of these
2. csps x;s eky dh ykxr----------------ls dh tkrh gSA
(a) fpV~Bk
(b) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk
(c) O;kikj [kkrk
(d) ykHk&gkfu fu;kstu [kkrk
Cost of goods sold can be calculated by
(a) Balance Sheet
(b) Profit & Loss A/c
(c) Trading A/c
(d) P & L Appropriation A/c
3. ldy ykHk-------------------ds cjkcj gksrk gS
(a) izkjfEHkd LVkWd $ Ø; & vfUre LVkWd
(b) 'kq) ykHk & O;;
(c) foØ; & vfUre LVkWd $ Ø;
(d) foØ; & fcds eky dh ykxr
Gross profit is equal to
(a) Opening stock + Purchases - Closing stock
(b) Net profit - Expenses
(c) Sales - Closing stock + Purchases
(d) Sales - Cost of goods sold
4. ryiV esa fn[kk;k tk jgk vfUre LVkWd----------------esa fn[kk;k tk;sxk
(a) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk
(b) dsoy fpV~Bs esa
(c) O;kikj [kkrsa esa dsoy
(d) nkuksa b rFkk c
Closing stock appearing in the trial balance is shown in
(a) The Profit and Loss Account
(b) The Balance Sheet only
(c) The Trading Account only
(d) Both (b) and (c)
5. og dkSu lk Øe gS ftlesa iqLrdksa esa ys[kkadu laO;ogkj ,oa ?kVuk,¡ vfHkysf[kr
dh tkrh gSa\
(a) jkstukepk] lgk;d iqLrdsa] [kkrkcgh] vkfFkZd fpV~Bk] ykHk&gkfu [kkrkA
(b) [kkrkcgh] jkstukepk] [kkrkcgh] vkfFkZd fpV~Bk] ykHk&gkfu [kkrkA
(c) jkstukepk] [kkrkcgh] ykHk&gkfu [kkrk] vkfFkZd fpVBkA
(d) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk] [krkSuh] vkfFkZd fpV~Bk] jkstukepkA
5. What is the order in which the accounting
transactions and events are recorded in the books?
(a) Journal, Subsidiary books, Ledger, Balance sheet,
Profit and loss account.
(b) Ledger, Journal, Ledger, Balance sheet, Profit and
loss account
(c) Journal, Ledger, Profit and loss account, Balance
sheet.
(d) Profit and loss account, Ledger, Balance sheet,
Journal.
6. fuekZ.kh [kkrk rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS%
(a) mRikfnr eky ij ykHk ;k gkfu tkuus ds fy,
(b) mRikfnr eky dh ykxr tkuus ds fy,
(c) o"kZ ds nkSjku mRikfnr eky ls foØ; jkf'k;k¡ fn[kkus ds fy,
(d) nksuksa b rFkk c
The manufacturing account is prepared:
(a) To ascertain the profit or loss on the goods produced
(b) To ascertain the cost of the manufactured goods
(c) To show the sale proceeds from the goods produced
during the year
7. ;fn fcØh 2000 :- gS rFkk ykHk dh nj 25 izfr'kr ykxr ij gS] rks csps x;s
eky dh ykxr gksxh&
(a) 2000 :- (b) 1500 :-
(c) 1600 :- (d) mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ugha
If sales are Rs. 2,000 and the rate of gross profit on
cost of goods sold is 25%, then the cost of goods sold
will be___.
(a) Rs. 2,000.
(b) Rs. 1,500.
(c) Rs. 1,600.
(d) None
8. ;fn foØ; vkxe 400000 :- gS] csps x;s eky dh ykxr 310000 :- gS
rFkk ifjpkyu O;; 60000 :- gS] ldy ykHk gS&
(a) 30000 :- (b) 90000 :-
(c) 340000 :- (d) 60000 :-
If sales revenues are Rs. 4,00,000; cost of goods sold
is Rs. 3,10,000 and operating expenses are Rs. 60,000
the gross profit is__________.
(a) Rs. 30,000
(b) Rs. 90,000
(c) Rs. 3,40,000
(d) Rs. 60,000
9. :- :-
izkjfEHkd jgfr;k 20,000 foØ; ij HkkM+k 3,000
vfUre jgfr;k 18,000 dk;kZy; dk fdjk;k 5,000
Ø; 85,800 foØ; 1,40,700
Ø; ij HkkM+k 2,300
ldy ykHk gksxk&
(a) 50,000 :-
(b) 47,600 :-
(c) 42,600 :-
(d) 50,600 :-
9. Rs. Rs.
Opening Stock 20,000 Carriage on sales 3,000
Closing Stock 18,000 Rent of Office 5,000
Purchases 85,800 Sales 1,40,700
Carriage on purchases 2,300
Gross profit will be
(a) Rs. 50,000
(b) Rs. 47,600
(c) Rs. 42,600
(d) Rs. 50,600
10. ;fn Ø; [kkrk dks ekxZ esa gq, uqdlku ds lEcU/k esa ØsfMV ugha fd;k x;k rks
fdl [kkrs dks ØsfMV dj ldrs gS\
(a) ekxZ esa uqdlku gks x;k eky [kkrk
(b) Ø; okilh [kkrk
(c) O;kikj [kkrk
(d) foØ; [kkrk
If purchase account is not credited in case of goods
lost in transit then which amount can be credited?
(a) Goods Lost in Transit Account
(b) Purchase Return Account
(c) Trading Account
(d) Sales Account
11. izkjfEHkd jgfr;k = 50,000 :-
Ø; = 1,00,000 :-
Ø; okilh = 29,000 :-
foØ; = 2,00,000 :-
ldy ykHk Kkr djksa%
(a) 1,21000
(b) 79,000
(c) 21,000
11. Opening Stock = Rs. 50,000
Purchases = Rs. 1,00,000
Purchases Return = Rs. 29,000
Sales = Rs. 2,00,000
Find the Gross Profit
(a) Rs. 1,21,000
(b) Rs. 79,000
(c) Rs. 21,000
12. eky vHkh ekxZ esa gS vkSj vfUre jgfr;s esa ugha 'kkfey fd;k x;k gS rks [kkrk
ØsfMV fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) Ø; [kkrk] ;k O;kikj [kkrk
(b) iwfrZdÙkkZ [kkrk
(c) ekxZLFk eky [kkrk
(d) jksdM+ [kkrk
Goods in Transit but not taken in Closing Stock will be
credited to:
(a) Purchase A/c or Trading a/c
(b) Supplier A/c
(c) Goods in Transit a/c
(d) Cash A/c
13. vafre jgfr;s dh x.kuk dhft,%
izkjfEHkd jgfr;k 60,000 :-
Ø; 90,000 :-
foØ; 1,20,000 :-
ykxr ij ldy ykHk 33.33% vkx ds dkj.k 15,000 :- dk jgfr;k u"V
gks x;k rFkk 5,000 :- dk chek nkok Lohdkj dj fy;k x;kA
(a) 40,000 :-
(b) 45,000 :-
(c) 55,000 :-
(d) 60,000 :-
13. Calculate the value of closing stock from the following:
Opening Stock Rs. 60,000
Purchases Rs. 90,000
Sales Rs.1,20,000
Gross Profit on cost 33.33% . Due to fire, stock
costing Rs. 15,000 destroyed and insurance claim was
accepted for Rs. 5000.
(a) Rs. 40,000
(b) Rs. 45,000
(c) Rs. 55,000
(d) Rs. 60,000
14. 5000 bdkb;ksa dk mRiknu 20 #i;s izfr bdkbZ dh ykxr ls fd;k x;k
izR;{k [kpsZ 5000 #i;s 4/5 Hkkx bdkbZ;ksa dks 25 #i;s izfr bdkbZ ds fglkc
ls foØ; dj fn;k x;kA ykHk dh jkf'k gksxhA
(a) 20,000 (b) 16,000
(c) Nil (d) dksbZ ugha
Units produced 5,000 @20 Rs. Direct expenses Rs.

5,000 4/5th of the units were sold 25/- per unit. What
will be the profit?
(a) 20,000 (b) 16,000
(c) Nil (d) None
15. Ø; 90,000 foØ; 80,000, 20 izfr'kr ekftZu foØ; ij vfUre LVkWd
gksxk
(a) 8000
(b) 10,000
(c) 20,000
(d) 26,000
Goods purchased Rs. 90,000 sales Rs. 80,000 Margin
20% on sales, closing stock will be
(a) Rs. 8,000
(b) Rs. 10,000
(c) Rs. 20,000
(d) Rs. 26,000
16. vkUrfjd HkkM+k MsfcV fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) O;kikj [kkrs esa
(b) ykHk&gkfu [kkrsa esa
(c) ykHk&gkfu fu;kstu [kkrsa esa
(d) vkfFkZd fpV~Bs esa
Carriage inwards is debited to

(a) Trading account
(c) Profit and loss appropriation account
(d) Balance sheet
17. o"kZ dk izkjfEHkd jgfr;k 20000 :- gS] o"kZ esa Ø; fd;k x;k eky
100000 :- gS] HkkM+k 2000 :- rFkk foØ; O;; 2000 :-A o"kZ ds nkSjku
foØ; 150000 :- rFkk vfUre jgfr;k 25000 :- gSaA ldy ykHk gksxk&
(a) 53000 :- (b) 55000 :-
(c) 80000 :- (d) 51000 :-
Opening stock of the year is Rs.20,000, Goods
purchased during the year is Rs,1,00,000, Carriage
Rs.2,000 and Selling expenses Rs.2,000.Saies during
the year is Rs.1,50000 and closing stock is Rs.25,000.
The gross profit will be
(a) Rs. 53,000 (b) Rs. 55,000
(c) Rs. 80,000 (d) Rs. 51,000
18. ,d O;kikjh ds ryiV ls fuEufyf[kr vkadM+s fy, x;s gSa&
izkjfEHkd jfgr;k 14,500 #-
Ø; 75,995 #-
vkUrfjd HkkM+k 1,700 #-
etnwjh 850 #-
foØ; 93,750 #-
izs"k.k ij Hkstk x;k eky 20,000 #-
ykHk dh /kujkf'k gksxh&
(a) 20,705 #- (b) 20,500 #-
(c) 20,200 #- (d) 21,000 #-
18. Following figures have been taken from the trial
balance of a trader
Opening stock Rs. 14,500
Purchases Rs. 75,995
Carriage Inward Rs. 1,700
Wages Rs. 850
Sales Rs. 93,750
Goods sent on Consignment Rs. 20,000
Amount profit will be:
(a) Rs. 20,705 (c) Rs. 20,500
(b) Rs. 20,200 (d) Rs. 21,000
19. ldy ykHk gksrk gS&
(a) foØ;ksa ,oa Ø;ksa ds chp vUrj
(b) foØ;ksa ,oa foØ; ykxr ds chp vUrj
(c) foØ;ksa ,oa dqy O;;ksa ds chp vUrj
Gross profit is the difference between

(a) Sales and purchases
(b) Sales and cost of sales
(c) Sales and total expenses
20. ,d O;kikjh ds ryiV ls fuEufyf[kr vkadM+s fy;s x;s&
Ø; ¼lek;ksftr½ 30,000 #-
foØ; 40,000 #-
vfUre jgfr;k 5,000 #-
ykHk dh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 10,000 #-
(b) 15,000 #-
(c) 12,000 #-
balance of a trader
Purchase (Adjusted) Rs. 30,000
Sales Rs. 40,000
Closing Stock Rs. 5,000
The amount of profit will be
(a) Rs. 10,000
(b) Rs. 15,000
(c) Rs. 12,000
(d) None
21. izkjfEHkd jgfr;k 2,400
Ø; 15,205 vkUrfjd HkkM+k 524
foØ; 20,860 fofuekZ.k etnwjh 2,800
vfUre jgfr;k 3,840 fofuekZ.k etnwjh vnÙk 96
cká okilh 185 vfXu ds dkj.k gkfu 1,000
vkUrfjd okilh 860 vizR;{k O;; 200
mijksDr lwpukvksa ds vk/kkj ij] ldy ykHk gksxk&
(a) 4,000 :-
(b) 5,000 :-
(c) 6,000 :-
21. Stock at start 2400 Carriage Inward 524
Purchases 15205 Manufacturing wages 2800
Sales 20860 Manufacturing wages
outstanding 96
Closing stock 3840 Loss due to fire 1000
Return outward 185 Indirect expenses 200
Return Inward 860
On the basis of the above Information. Gross Profit will be
(a) Rs. 4,000
(b) Rs. 5,000
(c) Rs. 6,000
(d) None
22. :- :-
izkjfEHkd jgfr;k 5,570 Ø; 13,816
vfUre jgfr;k 8,880 foØ; 15,248
Ø; okilh 390 vk;kr O;; 1,650
foØ; okilh 524 osru ,oa etnwjh 1,000
mijksDr vk¡dM+s----------------ldy ykHk iznf'kZr djsaxsA
(a) 3,000 :-
(b) 2,958 :-
(c) 2,500 :-
(d) 4,000 :-
22. Rs. Rs.
Open in Stock 5,570 Purchases 13,816
Closing Stock 8,880 Sales 15,248
Purchase return 390 Import charges 1,650
Sales return 524 Salary & wages 1,000
Above figures will show Gross Profit
(a) Rs. 3,000
(b) Rs. 2,958
(c) Rs. 2,500
(d) Rs. 4,000
23. :- :-
izkjfEHkd jgfr;k 80,000 Ø; okilh 6,000
udn Ø; 1,00,000 foØ; okilh 10,000
m/kkj Ø; 2,00,000 vkUrfjd HkkM+k 12,000
udn foØ; 1,60,000 etnwjh 12,000
m/kkj foØ; 2,50,000 vfUre jgfr;k 60,000
QeZ dk 'kq) ykHk gksxk&
(a) 62,000 :-
(b) 75,000 :-
(c) 80,000 :-
(d) 60,000 :-
23. Rs. Rs.
Opening Stock 80,000 Purchase returns 6,000
Cash purchases 1,00,000 Sales returns 10,000
Credit purchases 2,00,000 Carriage Inwards 12,000
Cash sales 1,60,000 Wages 12,000
Credit sales 2,50,000 Closing stock 60,000
Gross profit of the firm will be
(a) Rs. 62,000
(b) Rs. 75,000
(c) Rs. 80,000
(d) Rs. 60,000
24. O;;ksa dk dkSu lk leqPp; O;olk; ds izR;{k O;; gS\
(a) etnwjh] vUr% HkkM+k] pw¡xh
(b) Mkd] etnwjh] vUr% HkkM+k
(c) Ø;] etnwjh] dks;yk O;;
(d) nksuksa a ,oa c
Which of the following sets of expense are the direct
expenses of business.
(a) Wages, Carriage inward, Octrol
(b) Postage, Wages, Carriage Inward
(c) Purchase, Wages, Coat Expenses
(d) Both (a) and (c)
25. ,d O;kikjh ds ryiV ls fuEu jkf'k;k¡ yh xbZ&
ldy Ø; 60,000 :- ldy foØ; 1,00,000 :-
Ø; okilh 5,000 :- foØ; okilh 7,000 :-
'kqYd MªkWcSd 6,000 :- foØ; dj 12,000 :-
ldy ykHk dh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 32,000 :-
(b) 38,000 :-
(c) 40,000 :-
(d) 26,000 :-
balance of a trader
Gross Purchase Rs. 60,000 Gross Sales Rs. 1,00,000
Purchase Returns Rs. 5,000 Sales Returns Rs. 7,000
Duty Drawback Rs. 6,000 Sales Tax Rs. 12,000
The amount of G.P. will be:
(a) Rs. 32,000
(b) Rs. 38,000
(c) Rs. 40,000
(d) Rs. 26,000
26. lkexzh dk izkjfEHkd LVkWd gS 12000 :-] Ø; 30,000 :-] <qykbZ 5,000 :-
rFkk foØ; ewY; 40,000 :-A vfUre LVkWd 14,000 :- rFkk vU; vizR;{k
O;; 2,300 :-A ldy ykHk dh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 7,000 (b) 5,000
(c) 6,300 (d) 4,700
Opening stock of material is Rs. 12,000, purchases Rs.
30,000 carriage Rs. 5,000, Sales value Rs. 40,000
closing stock 14,000 & other indirect expenses Rs.
2,300. Amount of Gross Profit will be
(a) Rs. 7,000 (b) Rs. 5,000
(c) Rs. 6,300 (d) Rs. 4,700
27. ,d O;kikj dh iqLrdksa ls fuEukafdr vkadM+s fy;s tkrs gS
Ø; 1,00,000 Ø; okilh 9,000
foØ; okilh 8,000 foØ; 1,60,000
cká HkkM+k 5,000
dk;kZy; fdjk;k 4,000
ldy ykHk dh jkf'k gksxh
(a) 60,000 :-
(b) 61,000 :-
(c) 52,000 :-
(d) 70,000 :-
27. Following figures have been taken from the book of a
trader
Purchases returns 1,00,000 Purchases returns 9,000
Sales returns 8,000 Sales 1,60,000
Carriage outward 5,000
Office rent 4,000
Amount of gross profit will be
(a) Rs. 60,000
(b) Rs. 61,000
(c) Rs. 52,000
(d) Rs. 70,000
28. ldy ykHk dh x.kuk fdft, ;fn ldy ykHk dh nj 20% fcØh ij gks vkSj
fcds eky dh ykxr 1,20,000 :- gS%
(a) 24,000 :- (b) 30,000 :-
(c) 20,000 :- (d) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Calculate gross profit If rate of gross profit is 20% on

sales and cost of goods Rs. 1,20,000
(a) Rs. 24,000
(b) Rs. 30,000
(c) Rs. 20,000
(d) None
29. ,d LokfeRo ds iqLrdksa esa fuEu 'ks"k fn[kk;s x;s gS%
izkjfEHkd jgfr;k 17,000 :-] Ø; 52,000 :-] etnwjh 48,500 :-] bZ/ku
15,000 :-] fcØh 1,45,000 :- vkSj vfUre jgfr;k dh ykxr
25,000 :- dk gS ftldk 'kq) olwyh ewY; 28,000 :- gS] ldy ykHk Kkr
dhft,%
(a) 37,500 :-
(b) 42,500 :-
(c) 54,500 :-
(d) 57,000 :-
29. The balance in books of X, a sole proprietor were:
Opening Stock Rs. 17,000. Purchase Rs. 52,000,
Wages Rs. 48,500 Fuel Rs. 15,000. Sales Rs. 1,45,000
and Closing Stock (cost) Rs. 25,000 whose Net
Realizable value was Rs. 28,000 Find the Gross profit:
(a) Rs. 37,500
(b) Rs. 42,500
(c) Rs. 54,500
(d) Rs. 57,000
30. fiNys o"kZ ds vfUre jgfr;s dk 50,000 :- ls vf/kd ewY;kadu dj fn;k x;k
blls D;k izHkko iM+sxkA
(a) iwoZ o"kZ esa ykHk c<+dj fn[ksxsa vkSj bl o"kZ ds ykHk de fn[ksxsa
(b) iwoZ o"kZ esa ykHk de fn[ksxsa vkSj bl o"kZ ds ykHk vf/kd fn[ksxsa
(c) iwoZ o"kZ esa ykHk vf/kd fn[ksxsa vkSj bl o"kZ ykHk vf/kd fn[ksxsa
(d) iwoZ o"kZ esa ykHk de fn[ksxsa vkSj bl o"kZ ds ykHk de fn[ksxsa
30. Closing Stock of previous year is overvalued by Rs.
50,000. Due to this:
(a) Previous year’s profit is overstated and current
year’s profit is understated.
(b) Previous year’s profit is understated and current
year’s profit is overstated.
(c) Previous year’s profit is overstated end current
year’s profit is overstated.
(d) Previous year’s profit is understated and current
year’s profit is understated.
31. 31.3.2009 ds vUr esa ldy ykHk 1,750 :- FkkA vkod HkkM+k 150 :-]
v'kks/; nsunkj 120 :- Lokeh ds O;fDrxr O;; 750 :-] foØ; ij HkkM+k
175 :-A 'kq) ykHk dh jkf'k gksxh%
(a) 1,455 :- (b) 1,305 :-
(c) 555 :- (d) 705 :-
The gross profit for the year ending 31.03.2009 is Rs.
1750, carriage inward is Rs. 150, Bad debts is Rs. 120,
Proprietors Personal Expenses is Rs. 750 carriage
outward is Rs. 175. The amount of Net Profit will be
(a) Rs. 1455 (b) Rs. 1305
(c) Rs. 555 (d) Rs. 705
32. ;fn 500 #i;s dk ewY; g~kl T;knk yxk;k x;k rFkk vfUre LVkWd dk
ewY;kadu 500 #i;s ls de gqvk bu xyfr;ksa dk 'kq) ykHk ij izHkkoA
(a) 500 ls de (b) 1000 #i;s ls vf/kd
(c) 1000 ls de (d) dksbZ izHkko ugha
If Depreciation is excess charged by Rs. 500 and
closing stock is undervalued by Rs. 600 the net profit
will be due to these errors.
(a) Understated by Rs. 500
(b) Overstated by Rs. 1,000
(c) Understated by Rs. 1,000
(d) Unaffected
33. ckg~; HkkMk MsfcV gksrk gS&
(a) O;kikj [kkrk esa
(b) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk esa
(c) ykHk&gkfu fu;kstu [kkrk esa
(d) vkfFkZd fpV~Bk esa
Carriage outward is debited to
(a) Trading Account
(c) Profit and loss appropriation account
(d) Balance sheet
34. osn ,.M da- dh iqLrdksa ls vxzkafdr 'ks"k fy;s x;s gSa&
lkekU; O;; 800 NwV nh 200
fdjk;k fn;k 3,710 izkjfEHkd jgfr;k 16,500
fo|qr O;; 190 foØ; 63,500
vkUrfjd HkkM+k 850 Ø; 46,850
okil ykSVk;k 110 etnwjh 2,500
osru 1,110 foØ; okilh 450
vfUre jgfr;k 18,210
O;olk; dk 'kq) ykHk----------------gksxkA
(a) 8,660 :- (b) 8,600 :-
(c) 8,500 :- (d) 9,000 :-
34. Following balances have been taken from the books of
VED & Co.
Rs. Rs.
General expenses 800 Discount allowed 200
Rent paid 3,710 Opening stock 16,500
Electric charges 190 Sales 63,500
Carriage Inward 850 Purchases 46,850
Return outwards 110 Wages 2,500
Salaries 1110 Sales Return 450
Closing Stock 18,210
Net profit of the business will be______
(a) Rs. 8,660 (b) Rs. 8,600
(c) Rs. 8,500 (d) Rs. 9,000
35. fooj.k jkf'k fooj.k jkf'k
osru 4,000 fuos'kksa ij C;kt 1,200
_.k ij C;kt 5,000 vUr% HkkM+k 2,000
v'kks/; nsunkj 1,200
etnwjh 1,000
ldy ykHk 25,000
'kq)ykHk gksxk&
(a) 15,300 :-
(b) 13,000 :-
(c) 17,200 :-
(d) 16,000 :-
35. Particulars Amount Particulars Amount
Salaries 4,000 Interest on Investment
received 1,200
Interest on loan 5,000 Freight inward 2,000
Bad debts 1,200
Wages 1,000
Gross profit 25,000
Net profit will be
(a) Rs. 15,300
(b) Rs. 13,000
(c) Rs. 17,200
(d) Rs. 16,000
36. lgh 'kq) ykHk Kkr djksA fuEu lek;kstukvksa ls iwoZ ykHk 7,00,000 :-A
(i) O;kikj ds fy, [kjhnh xbZ 1,00,000 :- dh eksVj dkj dks ykHk&gkfu
[kkrsa esa [kpkZ fn[kk;k x;kA
(ii) 15,000 :- izfrekg ds nj ls Qjojh rFkk ekpZ ds vnÙk fdjk;s dks ys[kk
ugha gqvk
(a) 7,70,000 :-
(b) 7,85,000 :-
(c) 6,15,000 :-
(d) 6,30,000 :-
36. Find out the corrected net profit:
Profit before taking Into account following adjustments
was Rs. 7,00,000
Rs. 1,00,000 spent on purchase of motor car for business
purpose, treated as expense In Profit & Loss A/c.
Rs. 15,000 p.m. rent outstanding for the month of
February and March not taken into account-
(a) Rs. 7,70,000
(b) Rs. 7,85,000
(c) Rs. 6,15,000
(d) Rs. 6,30,000
37. vfUre fuekZ.kk/khu dk;Z (W.I.P.) dk vof/k esa de fy[kk tkuk mRiUu djsxkA
(a) ml vof/k esa mRikfnr eky dh de ykxr
(b) pkyw lEifÙk;ksa dk vf/kewY;u
(c) ml vof/k esa foØ; ls ldy ykHk dk vf/kewY;u
(d) ml vof/k dh 'kq) vk; dks de fn[kk;k tkukA
Under-statement of closing work in progress in the
period will:
(a) Understate cost of goods manufactured in that period.
(b) Overstate current assets.
(c) Overstate gross profit from sales in that period.
(d) Understate net income in that period
38. ryiV esa e'khujh ij g~kl-------------esa fy[kk tkrk gSA
(a) O;kikj [kkrk
(b) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk
(c) vkfFkZd fpV~Bk
Depreciation on machinery in trial balance is recorded
in______
(a) Trading A/c
(b) Profit & Loss A/c
(c) Balance Sheet
39. eky vkiwfrZ drkZ dks okfil fd;k x;k eky ,d mnkgj.k gS%
(a) lEifÙk rFkk Lokeh dh iwath esa o`f)
(b) lEifÙk rFkk Lokeh dh iwath esa deh
(c) nkf;Ro o Lokeh dh iwath esa o`f)
(d) nkf;Ro esa deh rFkk Lokeh dh iwath esa o`f)
Goods returned to supplier is an example of:
(a) Increase in Asset & Owner's Equity
(b) Decrease in Asset & Owner's Equity
(c) Increase in Liability & Owner's Equity
(d) Decrease in Liability & Increase in Owner's Equity
40. 15 Qjojh 2011 dks fe- ,Dl us lhesUV ds 20 cSx 2,000 #- izfr cSx ds
fglkc ls cspsA O;kikfjd cV~Vk 2 izfr'kr gS rFkk foØ; dj 8 izfr'krA foØ;
dj dh jkf'k gksxhA
(a) #- 3136 (b) #- 3200
(c) #- 3316 (d) dksbZ ugha
On 15 February 2011, Mr. X sold 20 bags of cement
powder @ Rs. 2,000 per bag to Y. Trade discount is
2%. Sales tax is 8%. Amount of sales tax will be
(a) Rs. 3,136
(b) Rs. 3,200
(c) Rs. 3,316
(d) None
41. vkx ls eky dk u"V gksuk ,d mnkgj.k gS%
(a) Lokeh dh iwath esa dksbZ ifjorZu ugha
(b) lEifÙk rFkk Lokeh dh iwath esa o`f)
(c) nkf;Ro rFkk Lokeh dh iwath esa deh
Goods destroyed by fire Is an example of:
(a) No change in Owner’s Equity
(b) Increase in Assets & Owners Equity
(c) Decrease in liability & Owner’s Equity
(d) None of these
42. o"kZ ds nkSjku foØ; 22,45,500 #- vfUre LVkWd 2,35,000 #- Ø;
17,84,395 #- ldy ykHk dh nj gksxhA
(a) 31 izfr'kr (b) 30 izfr'kr
(c) 39 izfr'kr (d) 28.06 izfr'kr
Sales during the year Rs. 22,45,500
Closing Inventory Rs. 2,35,000
Purchases Rs. 17,84,395
Gross profit margin will be
(a) 31%
(b) 30%
(c) 39%
(d) 28.06%
43. vadqj us chtd ewY; ij 5,000 :- dh ykxr eky [kjhnk] tks ykxr ds Åij
50% FkhA chtd ewY; ij mldks 15% dk O;kikfjd cV~Vk feyrk Fkk rFkk
Ø; ds le; rqjUr Hkqxrku djus ij 375 :- dks jksdM+ cV~Vk fn;k x;kA
jksdM+ cV~Vs ds iwoZ iqLrdksa esa fjdkMZ fd;k tkus okyk Ø; ewY; gksxk&
(a) 5,000 :-
(b) 7,500 :-
(c) 6,375 :-
(d) 6,000 :-
43. Ankur purchased goods costing Rs. 5,000 at an
Invoice price, which is 50% above cost. On invoice
price he enjoyed 15% trade discount and Rs. 375 cash
discount on cash payment of goods in lump sum at
the time of purchase. The purchase price to be
recorded In the books before cash discount will be:
(a) Rs. 5,000
(b) Rs. 7,500
(c) Rs. 6,375
(d) Rs. 6,000
44. LFkkbZ lEifÙk;ksa ds foØ; ij ykHk ;k gkfu dks gLrkfUrjr fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) ykHk&gkfu [kkrs esa
(b) iwath lap;
(c) iquZewY;kadu lap;
(d) iwath [kkrk
Profit or loss on sale of fixed assets is transferred to:
(a) Profit and Loss A/c
(b) Capital Reserve A/c
(c) Revaluation Reserve A/c
(d) Capital A/c
45. 31 ekpZ] 2006 dks ,d QeZ ds ryiV ls fuEufyf[kr mnkgj.k fn;s x;s&
[kkrs dk uke MsfcV 'ks"k ØsfMV 'ks"k
#- #-
osru 16,000
osru ls dkVk x;k Hkfo"; fuf/k 1,000
Hkfo"; fuf/k esa lsok;kstd ds Hkkx dks Hkfo"; fuf/k esa deZpkjh ds Hkkx ds cjkcj
fd;s tkus dh O;oLFkk dhft,A og jkf'k ftl ij osru O;; dks ykHk&gkfu [kkrs
esa iznf'kZr fd;k tk;sxk] gS&
(a) 15,000 :-
(b) 17,000 #-
(c) 6,000 :-
45. Following are the extracts from the Trial Balance of a
firm as at 31st March, 2010:
Name of Account Dr Balance Cr Balance
Rs. Rs.
Salaries 16,000
P.F. deducted from salaries 1,000
Provide for employer’s share of P.F. equivalent to
employee’s share to P.F. The amount at which salaries
expense will be shown in the Profit and Loss A/c is
(a) Rs. 15,000 (b) Rs. 17,000
(c) Rs. 16000 (d) None of the above.
46. js[kk us 1-4-2006 dks 50,000 #- dh ,d e'khujh Ø; dhA mlus Øe'k%
fo|qr O;; rFkk osru 1,000 #- o 2,000 #- dk Hkqxrku fd;kA 31-3-
2006 dks 200 #- VsyhQksu fcy dh jkf'k vnÙk FkhA 31 ekpZ] 2006 dks
lekIr o"kZ gsrq O;;ksa dh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 53,200 #-
(b) 3,000 #-
(c) 53,000 #-
(d) 3,200 #-
46. Rekha purchased a machinery for Rs. 50,000 on
1.4.2009. She paid electricity and salary amounting
Rs. 1,000 and Rs. 2,000 respectively. Telephone bill
amounting Rs. 200 was outstanding on 31.3.2010. The
amount of expenses for the year ended 31st March,
2010 will be
(a) Rs. 53,200.
(b) Rs. 3,000.
(c) Rs. 53,000.
(d) Rs. 3,200.
47. ,dkdh O;kikjh dh n'kk esa vk;dj--------------------ds :i esa O;gkj fd;k tkrk gSA
(a) O;kolkf;d O;;
(b) oS;fDrd O;;
(c) nsunkj O;;
Income tax in case of sole trader is treated as______
(a) Business expense
(b) Personal expense
(c) Debtors expense
48. 31 ekpZ 2009 dks jke ds ikl fuEu 'ks"k Fks% _.k 50,000 :-] O;kikj ds
ysunkj 80,000 :-] LFkk;h lEifÙk 72,000 :-] LVkWd 90,000 :-] rFkk
jksdM+ 60,000 :-A ;fn mlus 1 vizSy 2008 dks 50,000 :- dh iw¡th ls
O;kikj 'kq: fd;k Fkk rks o"kZ 2008-09 esa mlus fdruk ykHk dek;k\
(a) 92,000 :-
(b) 42,000 :-
(c) 1,72,000 :-
(d) 52,000 :-
48. On 31st March 2009 Ram has loan of Rs. 50,000 and
trade creditors of Rs. 80,000, Fixed Assets of Rs.
72,000 Stock Rs. 90,000 and cash in hand Rs. 60,000.
If he had started business on April 1,2008 with capital
of Rs. 50,000. Compute profit earned by Ram for year
2008-09:
(a) Rs. 92,000
(b) Rs. 42,000
(c) Rs. 1,72,000
(d) Rs. 52,000
49. esa , ch lh ,.M cznlZ ds ys[kkdkj us Lokeh ds O;fDrxr vk;dj ds 10,000
#- dk Hkqxrku fd;kA ;g vk;dj gksuk pkfg,&
(a) iw¡th esa tksM+s tkus okyk
(b) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk esa ØsfMV fd;s tkus okyk
(c) O;kikj [kkrk esa MsfcV fd;s tkus okyk
(d) iw¡th ls ?kVk;s tkus okyk
49. The accountant of M/s ABC & Bros. paid personal
income tax for the proprietor amounting Rs.10,000.
This income tax should be
(a) Added to capital
(b) Credited to Profit & Loss Account
(c) Debited to Trading Account
(d) Deducted from capital
50. fe- ,Dl ds vkfFkZd fpV~Bs dh ensa fuEufyf[kr gSa&
iw¡th 7,00,000 :-( e'khujh 5,00,000 :- ,oa jksdM+ 2,00,000 :-A ;fn
fe- ,Dl vius ikfjokfjd O;; djus gsrq 5,000 :- O;; djrk gS] iw¡th rFkk
jksdM+ [kkrksa dk 'ks"k gksxk&
(a) 7,00,000 :- rFkk 2,00,000 :-
(b) 6,95,000 :- rFkk 1,95,000 :-
(c) 7,00,000 :- rFkk 1,95,000 :-
(d) 6,95,000 :- rFkk 2,00,000 :-
50. Following are the items of the balance sheet of Mr. X:
Capital Rs. 7,00,000; Machinery Rs. 5,00,000 and cash
Rs. 2,00,000. If Mr. X spends Rs. 6,000 to meet his
family expenses, the balance of capital and cash
accounts will be
(a) Rs. 7,00,000 and Rs. 2,00,000
(b) Rs. 6,95,000 and Rs. 1,95,000
(c) Rs. 7,00,000 and Rs. 195,000
(d) Rs. 6,95,000 and Rs. 2,00,000
51. ';ke }kjk izkjEHk esa yxk;h x;h iw¡th 3,00,000 :- gS] o"kZ ds nkSjku yxk;h
x;h vfrfjDr iw¡th 2,00,000 :-( izfr ekg vkgj.k 1,500 :- rFkk vfUre
iw¡th 4,50,000 :-A o"kZ dh ykHk ;k gkfu dh jkf'k gS&
(a) 32,000 :- dh gkfu
(b) 50,000 :- dh gkfu
(c) 32,000 :- dk ykHk
(d) fdlh fVIi.kh gsrq lwpuk,¡ vi;kZIr gSaA
51. Capital Introduced in the beginning by Shyam Rs.
3,00,000; further capital introduced during the year Rs.
2,00,000; Drawing Rs. 1,500 per month and closing
capital is Rs. 4,50,000. The amount of profit or loss for
the year is
(a) Loss of Rs. 32,000
(b) Loss of Rs. 50,000.
(c) Profit of Rs. 32000
(d) Information is insufficient for any comment.
52. jke us 15,200 :- dh iw¡th izkjEHk esa yxk;h] o"kZ ds nkSjku 2,000 :- vkSj
iw¡th yxk;h x;hA vkgj.k 400 :- izfr ekg rFkk vfUre iw¡th 16,900 :-
gSA o"kZ ds ykHk ;k gkfu dh jkf'k gS&
(a) gkfu 3,000 :- (b) gkfu 2,500 :-
(c) ykHk 5,000 :- (d) ykHk 4,500 :-
Capital introduced in the beginning by Ram Rs. 15,200,

further capital introduced during the year Rs. 2,000.
Drawings Rs. 400 per month and closing capital is Rs.
16,900. The amount of profit or loss for the year is
(a) Loss Rs. 3,000 (b) Loss Rs. 2,500
(c) Profit Rs. 5,000 (d) Profit Rs. 4,500
53. 1.1.2005 dks , }kjk 1,00,000 :- iw¡th yxk;h x;hA o"kZ ds nkSjku
50,000 :- dh vkSj iw¡th yxk;h x;hA fe- , us izR;sd ekg dh vfUre frfFk
ij 200 :- izfr ekg fudkykA vkgj.k ij 5 izfr'kr dh nj ls C;kt yxk;k
x;k FkkA o"kZ ds nkSjku 10,000 :- ykHk vftZr fd;k x;kA 31.12.05 dks
iw¡th gksxh&
(a) 1,57,545 :-
(b) 1,57,000 :-
(c) 1,60,000 :-
(d) 1,55,000 :-
53. Capital introduced by Mr. A on 01.01.2009 Rs. 1,00,000.
Further capital Introduced during the year was Rs.
50,000. Mr. A withdrew Re. 200 per month on the last
date of each month. Interest on drawings was charged
@ 5%. Profit earned during the year was Re. 10,000.
Capital on 31.12.2009 will be
(a) Rs. 1,57545
(b) Rs. 1,57,000
(c) Rs. 1,60,000
(d) Rs. 1,55,000
54. tuojh 1 2001 dks oh- ekFkqj dh fLFkfr vxzor Fkh& gLrLFk jgfr;k 2,400
#-] ns; foi= 400 #-] cSd a esa jksdM+ 1,800 #-] la;U= ,oa ;U= 1,000 #-
nsunkjksa dks _.k 500 #- ysunkjksa ls _.k 800 #-] fofu;ksx 2,000 #-]
jktkjke ls _.k 1,500 #-A
mijksDr frfFk ij oh- ekFkqj dh iw¡th gksxh&
(a) 5,000
(b) 4,000
(c) 6,000
54. On Jan 1, 2001 the position of V. Mathur was as
follows Stock in hand Rs, 2400; Bills payable Ra. 400;
Cash at Bank Rs. 1800; Plant and machinery Rs. 1000;
Owing by debtors Rs. 500; Owing to creditors Rs. 800;
investments 2000; Loan from Raja Ram Rs. 1500.
V. Mathur’s capital on the above date will be
(a) Rs. 5000
(b) Rs. 4000
(c) Rs. 6000
(d) None
55. jke }kjk izkjEHk esa yxk;h x;h iw¡th 16,080 #-( e'khujh ds :i esa o"kZ ds
nkSjku vkSj T;knk yxk;h x;h iw¡th 2,000 #-( o"kZ ds nkSjku futh O;;&
uxn :i esa vkgj.k 3,000 #-
thou chek izhfe;e 250 #-
vfUre iw¡th 21,925
o"kZ ds ykHk ;k gkfu dh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) ykHk 7,095 #-
(b) ykHk 7,085 #-
(c) gkfu 5,000 #-
(d) gkfu 6,000 #-
55. Capital introduced in the beginning by Ram Rs.
16,080; further capital introduced during the year in
the form of machinery Rs. 2000; personal expenses
during the year-
Drawings in cash Rs. 3,000
Life Insurance Premium Rs. 260
Closing capital Rs. 21,925
The amount of profit or loss for the year will be
(a) Profit Rs. 7095
(b) Profit Rs. 7,085
(c) Loss Rs. 5,000
(d) Loss Rs. 6,000
56. -----------------dks vkfFkZd fpV~Bksa esa ugha fn[kk;k tkrk gSA
(a) lkekU; lap;
(b) iw¡thxr lap;
(c) xqIr lap;
_______Reserve is not shown in Balance Sheet
(a) General
(b) Capital
(c) Secret
(d) None
57. , us 10,000 :- udn rFkk 2,000 :- QuhZpj ls O;olk; vkjEHk fd;kA
foØ; 5,000 :- dh udn fcØh lfgr 50,000 :- gqvkA foØ; ds
10,000 :- o"kZ ds vUr esa vnÙk FksA jksdM+ 'ks"k--------------gksxhA
(a) 50,000 :- (b) 45,000 :-
A started business with Rs. 10,000 cash and Re. 2,000
furniture. Sales amounted to As. 50,000 including Rs.
5,000 cash sale. Rs. 10,000 sales were outstanding at
the end of the year. Cash balance will be
(a) Rs. 50,000 (b) Rs. 45,000
(c) Rs. 40,000 (d) None
58. , us 10,000 :- jksdM+ rFkk 2,000 :- ds QuhZpj ls O;olk; izkjEHk fd;kA
5,000 :- dh udn fcØh lfgr 50,000 :- dh fcØh gqbZA fcØh ds
10,000 :- o"kZ ds vUr esa vnÙk FksA 10,000 :- ds udn Ø; lfgr
30,000 :- dk Ø; fd;kA 15,000 :- ysunkjksa dk Hkqxrku fd;s x;s gSaA o"kZ
ds nkSjku Hkqxrku fd;s x;s O;; 19,300 :- gSA o"kZ ds vUr esa jksdM+ 'ks"k
gksxk&
(a) 6,000 :-
(b) 7,000 :-
(c) 5,700 :-
(d) 5,000 :-
58. A started business with Rs. 10,000 cash and Rs. 2,000
furniture. Sales amounted to Rs. 50,000 including Rs.
5,000 cash sale. Rs. 10,000 sales were outstanding at
the end of the year. Purchases amounted to Rs. 30,000
including Rs. 10,000 cash purchase. Rs. 15,000 has
been paid to creditors. Expenses paid during the year
are Rs. 19,300. Cash balance at the and will be
(a) Rs. 6,000
(b) Rs. 7,000
(c) Rs. 5,700
(d) Rs. 5000
59. jke }kjk izkjEHk esa yxk;h iw¡th 20,000; o"kZ ds nkSjku vkSj vf/kd yxk;h x;h
iw¡th 2,000 :-( vkgj.k 250 :- izfr ekg rFkk vfUre iw¡th 12,750 :- gSA
o"kZ dh ykHk ;k gkfu dh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) gkfu 6,250 :-
(b) gkfu 6,000 :-
(c) ykHk 2,000 :-
(d) fdlh fVIi.kh gsrq lwpuk vi;kZIr gSa
59. Capital introduced in the beginning by Ram Rs.
20,000; Further capital introduced during the year Rs.
2,000; Drawings Re. 250 per month and closing capital
is Rs. 12,760. Amount of Profit or Loss for the year will
be
(a) Loss Rs. 6,250
(b) Loss Rs. 6,000
(c) Profit Rs. 2,000
(d) Information is in sufficient for any comment
60. ';ke us 1.4.05 dks 2,00,000 :- dh iw¡th ls O;kikj 'kq: fd;k ftlds fy,
mlus vius fe= ls 30,000 :- m/kkj fy;sA mlus o"kZ ds nkSjku
1,00,000 :- dek;s rFkk 50,000 :- jksdM+ vius futh iz;ksx ds fy,
fudkyhA o"kZ ds vUr esa mldh iw¡th fdruh gS\
(a) 2,80,000
(b) 2,50,000
(c) 3,00,000
(d) 3,80,000
60. Shyam started business on 1.409 with a capital of Rs.
2,00,000 for which he borrowed Rs. 30,000 from a
friend. He earned a profit of Rs. 1,00,000 during the
year and withdrew cash Rs. 50,000 for private use.
What
Is his capital at the end of the year?
(a) Rs. 2,80,000
(b) Rs. 2,50,000
(c) Rs. 300,000
(d) Rs. 3,80,000
61. dsoy O;fDrxr vkSj okLrfod [kkrs gh fn[kk;s tkrs gS%
(a) ryiV esa
(b) vkfFkZd fpV~Bk esa
(c) O;kikj [kkrk esa
(d) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk esa
Only personal and Real accounts are shown in:
(a) Trial balance
(b) Balance Sheet
(c) Trading A/c
(d) Profit& Loss A/c
62. ;fn iwoZnÙk O;; dh lek;kstu ryiV ds ckgj nh xbZ rks D;k gksxk%
(a) iwoZnÙk O;; [kkrk MsfcV fd;k tk,xk rFkk O;; dk [kkrk ØsfMV fd;k
tk,xk
(b) O;; dk [kkrk MsfcV fd;k tk,xk rFkk iwoZnÙk O;; [kkrk ØsfMV fd;k
tk,xk
(c) iwoZnÙk O;; [kkrk MsfcV fd;k tk,xk rFkk ykHk gkfu [kkrk ØsfMV fd;k
tk,xk
(d) ykHk gkfu [kkrk MsfcV rFkk iwoZnÙk O;; [kkrk ØsfMV fd;k tk,xkA
62. What will be the treatment of prepaid expenses if
adjustment of It is appearing outside the trial balance?
(a) Prepaid Expenses account will be debited and
respective expenses account will be credited.
(b) Respective expense account will be debited and
prepaid expenses account will be credited.
(c) Prepaid expense account will be debited and profit
and loss account will be credited.
(d) Profit and loss account will be debited and prepaid
expenses account will be credited.
63. ryiV esa fn[kkbZ xbZ vnÙk osru dh jkf'k dks---------------esa fjdkWMZ fd;k tkrk gSA
(a) ykHk gkfu [kkrs
(b) fpV~Bs
(c) O;kikj [kkrs
(d) ykHk gkfu fu;kstu [kkrs
Outstanding Salaries given in the trial balance is
recorded in
(a) Profit & Loss A/c
(b) Balance Sheet
(c) Trading A/c
(d) P & L appropriation
64. izko/kku gS%
(a) ykHkksa dk fu;kstu
(b) ykHkksa ij izHkkj
(c) nksuksa
(d) dksbZ ugha
Provisions are:
(a) Appropriation of profits
(b) Charge on profits
(c) Both
(d) None
65. v'kks/; _.k ds fy, izko/kku cukrs le; dkSulk [kkrk ØsfMV djds cuk;k
tkrk gS%
(a) O;kikj [kkrk
(b) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk
(c) nsunkj [kkrk
(d) v'kks/; _.k ds fy, izko/kku [kkrk
The provision for bad debts is made by crediting:
(a) Trading A/c
(b) Profit & Loss Account
(c) Debtors Account
(d) Provision for bad debts account
66. nsunkjksa ij cV~Vs ds vk;kstu dh x.kuk dh tkrh gSA
(a) v'kks/; _.kksa ds fy;s vk;kstu dks ?kVkus ls iwoZ
(b) v'kks/; _.kksa ds fy;s vk;kstu dks ?kVkus ds ckn
(c) okLrfod Mwcr _.k o vk;kstu dks ?kVkus ls iwoZ
(d) okLrfod Mwcr _.k dks tksM+us ds i'pkr
The provision for discount on debtors is calculated on
debtors:
(a) Before deducting the provision for doubtful debts
(b) After deducting the provision for doubtful debts
(c) Before deducting the actual bad debts and the provision
(d) After adding the actual bad-debts.
67. fofo/k nsunkj 31 ekpZ 2006 dks 55,200 :- vfrfjDr v'kks/; _.k gS
200 :- lafnX/k _.kksa ds fy, izko/kku nsunkj ij 5% dh nj ls cuk;k
tk;sxk vkSj nsunkj ij NwV dk izko/kku 2% dh nj ls cuk;k tk;sxk% nsunkjksa
ij NwV ds fy, izko/kku dh D;k jkf'k gksxh%
(a) 1,045 :-
(b) 2,750 :-
(c) 1,100 :-
(d) 2,760 :-
67. Sundry Debtors on 31st March, 2006 are Rs. 55,200.
Further Bad debts are Rs. 200. Provision for doubtful
debts are to be made on debtors @5% and also
provision of discount is to be made on debtors @2%
the amount of provision of discount on debtors will
be:
(a) Rs. 1,045
(b) Rs. 2750
(c) Rs. 1,100
(d) Rs. 2,760
68. 31 fnlEcj 2005 dks ,d QeZ ds ryiV ds m)j.k fuEufyf[kr gS&
fooj.k :-
fofo/k nsunkj 30000
v'kks/; _.k 5000
vfrfjDr lwpuk,¡%
1. ryiV cukus ds i'pkr~ ;g tkudkjh gqbZ fd eksgu fnokfy;k gks x;k rFkk
blfy, mlls ns; 3000 :- dh iwjh jkf'k xSj olwyh ;ksX; jghA
2. v'kks/; ,oa lansgkLin _.kksa ds fy, lkekU;r% 10 izfr'kr izko/kku l`ftr
fd;k tkrk gSA
(a) 3000 :- (b) 2700 :-
(c) 2500 :- (d) rhuksa esa ls dksbZ ugha
68. Following are the extracts from the Trial Balance of a firm
was on 31st December, 2010. Particulars Rs. Sundry
debtors 30,000 Bad debts 5,000 Additional information:
1- After preparing the trial balance, it is learnt that a debtor,
Mohan became insolvent and therefore, the entire
amount of Rs.3,000 due from him was Irrecoverable.
2- 10% provision for bad and doubtful debts is generally
created.
The amount of provision for bad and doubtful debts
will be
(a) Rs. 3,000 (b) Rs. 2,700
(c) Rs. 2,500 (d) None
69. lqjs'k dk ryiV vkidksa fuEufyf[kr lwpuk iznku djrk gS&
v'kks/; _.k 10,000 :-
lansgkLin _.kksa gsrq izko/kku 15,000 :-
lqjs'k o"kZ ds vUr esa 20,000 :- dk izko/kku djuk pkgrk gSA ykHk&gkfu [kkrs
esa MsfcV dh tkus okyh jkf'k gS&
(a) 45,000 #-
(b) 5,000 #-
(c) 15,000 #-
69. Sureshs Trial balance provides you the following
information:
Bad debts Rs.10,000
Provision for doubtful debts Rs.15,000
Suresh wants to make a provision of Rs.20,000 at the
end of the year. The amount debited to the Profit &
Loss Account is:
(a) Rs. 45,000
(b) Rs. 5,000
(c) Rs. 15,000
70. 31 ekpZ] 2005 dks 1,05,000 :- ds fofo/k nsunkj gSA vfrfjDr v'kks/;k
nsunkj 5000 :- ds gS] iqLrdksa esa u fjdkWfMZM foØ; okilh 10,000 : gSA
v'kks/;k nsunkjksa gsrq iqjkuk izko/kku 4000 : gSA v'kks/;k nsunkjksa gsrq nsunkjksa
ij 10 izfr'kr dh nj ls izko/kku cukuk gS rFkk lkFk gh nsunkjksa ij 3 izfr'kr
dk cV~Vs gsrq izko/kku Hkh cukuk gSA v'kks/;k nsunkjksa gsrq izko/kkuksa gsrq fopkj
djus ds ckn ykHk&gkfu [kkrs esa v'kks/; nsunkjksa dh fdruh jkf'k pktZ dh
tk;sxhA
(a) 2700 :-
(b) 10,000 :-
(c) 12,700 :-
(d) 6,000 :-
st
70. Sundry debtors on 31 March, 2010 are Rs. 1,05,000.
Further bad debts are Rs. 5,000, sales return not
recorded in the books Rs. 10,000. Old provision for bad
debts is Rs. 4,000. Provision for doubtful debts is to be
made on debtors @10% and also provision of discount is
to be made on debtors @3%. What will be the amount of
bad debts charged in Profit and Loss A/c after
considering provisions for bad debts?
(a) Rs. 2,700
(b) Rs. 10,000
(c) Rs. 12,700
(d) Rs. 6,000
71. th dk ryiV fuEukafdr lwpuk,¡ j[krk gS&
v'kks/; _.k 4,000 :( v'kks/; _.kksa gsrq izko/kku 5,000 :( fofo/k nsunkj
25,000 :- ;g bPNk dh tkrh gS fd o"kZ ds vUr esa fofo/k nsunkjksa ij
10% v'kks/; _.kksa gsrq izko/kku fd;k tk,A vkfFkZd fpV~Bk esa fofo/k nsunkj
gksaxs&
(a) 21,000 :-
(b) 22,500 :-
(c) 22,000 :-
71. G’s. Trial balance contains the following information -
Bad debts Rs. 4,000; Provision for Bad debts Rs.
5,000; Sundry debtors Rs. 25,000
It is desired to create a provision for Bad debts at 10%
on Sundry debtors at the end of the year. Sundry
debtors will appear in the balance sheet at
(a) Rs. 21,000
(b) Rs. 22,500
(c) Rs. 22,000
72. 50,000 #- eky ds fofo/k ysunkjksa us foxr ik¡p o"kksZa ds nkSjku dksbZ vuqfØ;k
ugha dj jgsa gSa rFkk muds lEcU/k esa Hkqxrku miØe }kjk ugha fd;k tk ldrk
gSA jkstukepk izfof"V gksxh&
(a) Sundry Creditors A/c Dr. 50,000
To P/LA/c 50,000
(b) P/LA/c Dr. 50,000
To Sundry Creditors 50,000
(c) Sundry Creditors A/c Dr. 50,000
To Cash A/c 50,000
72. Sundry creditors for goods amounting to 50,000 and
payment for the same may not be made is. 50,000 are
not responding during the last five years made by the
concern. Journal entry will be
(a) Sundry Creditors A/c Dr. 50000
To P/L A/c 50000
(b) P/L A/c Dr. 50000
To Sundry Creditors 50000
(c) Sundry Creditors A/c Dr. 50000
To Cash A/c 50000
73. ,d QeZ dks eSustj dks 'kq) ykHk ¼deh'ku pktZ djus ds ckn½ ij 10%
deh'ku ns; gSA ;fn deh'ku pktZ djus ds iwoZ 'kq) ykHk 4,40,000 :- gS rks
eSustj ds deh'ku dh jkf'k fdruh gksxh\
(a) 44,000 :- (b) 40,000 :-
(c) 37,000 :- (d) 33,000 :-
The manager of a firm is entitled to a commission of
10% on net profit after his commission. If the net profit
of the firm before charging commission is Rs. 4,40000,
the amount of manager’s commission will be:
(a) Rs. 44,000 (b) Rs. 40,000
(c) Rs. 37,000 (d) Rs. 33,000
74. deh'ku ls iwoZ 'kq) ykHk 120000 :- gqvk gSA ,sls deh'ku ds yxkus ls iwoZ
izcU/kd dk deh'ku 'kq) ykHk dk 20 izfr'kr :- gSA izcU/kd ds deh'ku dh
jkf'k gS&
(a) 22,000 :- (b) 25,000 :-
(c) 24,000 :- (d) 20,000 :-
Net profit before commission has been Rs. 1,20,000.
Manager’s commission is 20% of net profit before
charging such commission. The amount of manager’s
commission is
(a) Rs. 22,000. (b) Rs. 25,000.
(c) Rs. 24,000. (d) Rs. 20,000.
75. fuEu esa ls xyr dFku dh igpku djsa%
(a) IykUV e'khujh dks cspus dh izkfIr vk;xr gksrh gS
(b) ,slh jkf'k tks lkekU; izd`fr ls vf/kd dh gS og vko';d ugha gS fd
iwathxr O;; gksA
(c) ,dkadh O;kikj dk vk;dj vkgj.k ekuk tkrk gSA
(d) ns; fcy pkyw nkf;Ro gSA
Select the false statement
(a) Sales of a Plant and Machinery is a revenue receipt
(b) Any amount which is unreasonably high need not
be a capital expenditure
(c) Income tax of the sole proprietor paid is treated as drawing
(d) Bills payable is a current liability
76. O;;olk; dh foÙkh; n'kk fu/kkZfjr dh tkrh gS&
(a) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk
(b) ryiV ds vk/kkj ij
(c) vkfFkZd fpB~Bs ds vk/kkj ij
Financial position of the business is ascertained on
the basis of:
(a) Profit and Loss account
(b) Trial balance
(c) Balance Sheet
77. ,d ubZ QeZ us 1 tuojh 2009 dks O;olk; vkjEHk fd;k rFkk o"kZ ds nkSjku
90000 :- dh ykxr dk eky [kjhnkA 6000 :- vkUrfjd HkkM+s ij O;;
fd;s x;sA o"kZ ds vUr esa fcuk fcds gq, eky dh ykxr 12000 :- FkhA o"kZ ds
nkSjku dk foØ; 120000 :- FkA QeZ }kjk vftZr fd;k x;k ldy ykHk D;k
gS\
(a) 36000 :-
(b) 30000 :-
(c) 42000 :-
(d) 38000 :-
77. A new firm commenced business on 1st January, 2009
and purchased goods costing Rs. 90,000 during the
year. A sum of Rs. 6,000 was spent on freight inwards.
At the end of the year the cost of goods still unsold
was Rs. 12,000. Sales during the year Rs. 1,20,000.
What is the gross profit earned by the firm?
(a) Rs. 36,000
(b) Rs. 30,000
(c) Rs. 42,000
(d) Rs. 38,000
78. :-
ldy ykHk 50,000
v'kks/; _.kksa gsrq izko/kku ¼iqjkuk½ 2,000
fn;k x;k fdjk;k 6,000
izf'k{kqrk izhfe;e ¼ØsfMV½ 4,000
osru 5,800
QeZ dk 'kq) ykHk gksxk&
(a) 44,200 :-
(b) 40,000 :-
(c) 42,000 :-
(d) 45,000 :-
78. Rs.
Gross Profit 50,000
Provision for Bad Debts (old) 2,000
Rent paid 6,000
Apprentice Premium (Credit) 4,000
Salaries 5,800
Net profit of the firm will be
(a) Rs.44,200
(b) Rs.40,000
(c) Rs.42,000
(d) Rs.45,000
79. Bad Debts Recovered Account dks vUrfjr fd;k tk;sxk--------------
dksA
(a) Provision for Doubtful debts A/c
(b) P & LA/c
(c) Bed Debts A/c
(d) Debtors A/c
Bad debts recovered account will be transferred to
(a) Provision for doubtful debt A/c
(b) P & L A/c
(c) Bad debt A/c
(d) Debtors A/c
80. fdjk;k 10,000 :- v'kks/; nsunkjksa gsrq izko/kku ¼iqjkuk½ 10,000 :- osru
8,000 :- ukSflf[k;ksa dk izhfe;e ¼ØsfMV½ 12,000 :- ldy ykHk
70,000 :- 'kq) ykHk gksxkA
(a) 74,000 (b) 64,000
(c) 54,000 (d) 52,000
Rent Rs. 10,000; Provision for bad debts (old)
Rs.10,000 Salaries Rs. 8,000 Apprentice Premium
(credit) Rs. 12,000 Gross profit Rs. 70,000 Net profit of
the firm will be
(a) Rs. 74,000 (b) Rs. 64,000
(c) Rs. 54000 (d) Rs. 52,000
81. foÙkh; o"kZ ds iwoZnÙk O;; lEcU/k j[krs gS%
(a) fiNys foÙkh; o"kZ ls
(b) vxys foÙkh; o"kZ ls
(c) orZeku foÙkh; o"kZ ls
Prepaid expense of financial Year relate with:
(a) Previous Financial year
(b) Following Financial year
(c) Current Financial year
(d) None
82. 50,000 :- dk eky vkx esa u"V gks x;k rFkk chek dEiuh us 60% nkok
eku fy;kA ;g lek;kstu izfof"V fd;k tk;sxk&
(a) O;kikj [kkrk esa (b) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk esa
(c) vkfFkZd fpV~Bk esa (d) lHkh rhu
Goods destroyed by fire Rs. 60,000 and Insurance
company admitted 60% claim. This adjustment will be
entered in:
(a) Trading Account
(b) Profit & Loss Account
(c) Balance Sheet
(d) All the three
83. ryiV esa la'k; [kkrk-----------------esa fn[kk;k tk;sxkA
(a) fuekZ.kh [kkrk
(b) fpV~Bk
(c) O;kikj [kkrk
(d) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk
Suspense Account given in the Trial Balance will be
entered in the:
(a) Manufacturing a/c
(b) Balance sheet
(c) Trading a/c
(d) Profit and loss a/c
84. ryiV esa mpUr [kkrs dk MsfcV 'ks"k 2,000 :----------------esa fy[kk tk;sxk
(a) vkfFkZd fpV~Bs ds nkf;Ro i{k
(b) vkfFkZd fpV~Bs ds lEifÙk i{k
(c) ykHk&gkfu [kkrs ds ØsfMV i{k
Suspense account debit balance Rs. 2000 in trial
balance, will be recorded in the
(a) Liability side of Balance Sheet
(b) Asset side of Balance Sheet
(c) Profit & Loss account Credit side
85. vkx ls 25,000 #- dk eky u"V gks x;k rFkk chek dEiuh us iwjk nkok
Lohdkj dj fy;kA izkI; nkos dks -----------------esa vfHkfyf[kr fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) O;kikj [kkrk (b) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk
(c) vkfFkZd fpV~Bk (d) ykHk&gkfu fu;kstu [kkrk
Goods destroyed by fire Rs. 25000 and Insurance
Company admitted full claim. Claim receivable will be
recorded in
(a) Trading
(b) P/L Account
(c) Balance Sheet
(d) P/L Appropriation A/c
86. LFkk;h lEifÙk;k¡&
(a) ukeek= dh lEifÙk;k¡ gksrh gSa
(b) nh?kZdkyhu mi;ksxkFkZ O;olk; esa j[kh tkrh gS
(c) iqu% foØ; ds fy, j[kh tkrh gSA
(d) ftruk 'kh?kzrkiwoZd lEHko gks jksdM+ esa ifjorZu ds fy, j[kh tkrh gS
Fixed assets are:
(a) Fictitious assets
(b) Kept in the business for use over a long period
(c) Meant for resale
(d) Meant for conversion into cash as quickly as possible
87. fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu lk vlR; gS\
(a) [kqnjk jksdM+ ,d lEifÙk gSA
(b) _.k ds v'kks/; gks tkus ij /kujkf'k dks v'kks/; _.k [kkrs esa ØsfMV fd;k
tkuk pkfg,
(c) la;a= ,oa ;U= LFkkbZ lEifÙk gSA
(d) uewus ds :i esa ckWVk x;k eky Ø; [kkrs esa ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gSA
87. Which of the following statement is not true?
(a) Petty cash is an asset
(b) In case of debt becoming bad the amount should
be credited to bad debts account
(c) Plant & Machinery is a fixed asset
(d) Goods distributed as sample is credited to Purchases
account
88. vkx ls eky u"V gksus ij blds lEcU/k esa 2500 :- dk ,d pSd izkIr gq,
ftls O;kikj ds Lokeh us vius cSd [kkrs esa tek dj fy;k rFkk O;kikj dh
iqLrdksa esa bldk dksbZ ys[kk ugha gqvk] lq/kkj dh izfof"V D;k gksxh%
(a) Bank A/c Dr. 2500
To Insurance Company A/c 2500
(b) Insurance Company A/c Dr. 2500
To Drawings A/c 2500
(c) Drawings A/c Dr. 2500
(d) Drawings A/c Dr. 2500
To Bank 2500
88. A cheque of Rs. 2,500 received for loss of stock by fire
has been deposited by proprietor in to his private
bank account and his not recorded in the business
book. The rectifying entry will be
(a) Bank A/c Dr. 2500
(b) Insurance Company A/c Dr. 2500
To Drawings A/c 2500
(c) Drawings A/c Dr. 2500
(d) Drawings A/c Dr. 2500
To Bank 2500
89. ;fn vkSlr jgfr;k = 12,000 :-A vafre jgfr;k izkjfEHkd jgfr;k ls
3000 :- vf/kd gS rks vfUre jgfr;k dk ewY; gksxk&
(a) 12,000 :-
(b) 24,000 :-
(c) 10,500 :-
(d) 13,500 :-
If Average stock = Rs. 12,000, Closing stock is Rs.
3,000 more than opening stock then the value of
closing stock will be
(a) Rs. 12,000 (b) Rs. 24,000
(c) Rs. 10,500 (d) Rs. 13,500
90. o’kZ 2005-06 gsrq vYQk dEiuh ds laca/k esa fuEufyf[kr ij fopkj dhft,&
foØ; gsrq miyC/k eky dh ykxr 1,00,000 :-
dqy foØ; 80,000 :-
eky dk izkjfEHkd jgfr;k 20,000 :-
ldy ykHk 25 izfr”kr
o’kZ 2005-06 gsrq vfUre jgfr;k Fkk&
(a) 80,000 :-
(b) 60,000 :-
(c) 40,000 :-
(d) 36,000 :-
90. Consider the following for Alpha Co. for the year 2009-10
Cost of goods available for sale Rs. 1,00,000
Total sales Rs. 80,000
Opening stock of goods Rs. 20,000
Gross profit margin 25%
Closing stock of goods for the year 2009-10 was
(a) Rs. 80,000
(b) Rs. 60,000
(c) Rs. 40,000
(d) Rs. 36,000
91. fuEu esa ls dkSu ek”kZfyax rduhd ij vk/kkfjr gS\
(a) O;kikj [kkrk
(b) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk
(c) vkfFkZd fpV~Bk
(d) ryiV
Which one is based on marshalling technic?
(a) Trading account
(b) P & L account
(c) Balance sheet
(d) Trial balance
ANSWER KEY
1 C 2 C 3 D 4 B 5 C
6 B 7 C 8 B 9 D 10 C
11 B 12 A 13 B 14 B 15 D
16 A 17 A 18 A 19 B 20 A
21 A 22 B 23 A 24 D 25 A
26 A 27 B 28 B 29 A 30 A
31 A 32 C 33 B 34 A 35 D
36 A 37 D 38 B 39 D 40 A
41 D 42 A 43 C 44 A 45 B
46 D 47 B 48 B 49 D 50 B
51 A 52 D 53 A 54 A 55 A
56 C 57 A 58 C 59 A 60 B
61 B 62 A 63 B 64 B 65 D
66 B 67 A 68 B 69 C 70 B
71 B 72 A 73 B 74 C 75 A
76 C 77 A 78 A 79 B 80 A
81 B 82 D 83 B 84 D 85 C
86 B 87 B 88 C 89 D 90 C
91 C
[kkrkcgh
(Ledger)
 ;g f}rh;d@xkS.k ys[kk iqLrd gSA
It is a secondary books of account.
 [kkrksa dh iz/kku iqLrd gSA
It is a principle book of account.
 ys[kkadu ds nwljs pj.k esa cuk;h tkrh gSA
It will be prepared under second stage of accounting.
 bldk fuekZ.k iqLrikyu esa gksrk gSA
It will be prepare under book-keeping.
 tuZy esa fd;k x;k dk;Z tuZykbftax dgykrk gS rFkk [kkrkcgh esa fd;k x;k
dk;Z [krkSuh (posting) dgykrk gSA
Accounting in Journal will be called Journalizing and
accounting in ledger will be called posting.
 [kkrkcgh leh{kkRed Lo:i dks O;Dr djrh gSA
Ledger reflect analytical form.
 tuZy esa LF dkWye gksrk gS tcfd [kkrkcgh esa JF dkWye gksrk gSA
In Journal there will be L.F. column and in ledger J.F.
column.
 [kkrkcgh esa 8 dkWye gksrs gSaA Dr i{k esa 4 rFkk Cr i{k esa 4
Total 8 columns in ledger four column on debit side
and four column credit side.
 [kkrkcgh "T" Lo:i esa cuk;h tkrh gSA
Ledger will be prepared in "T" Form.
 [kkrkcgh esa dsoy O;fDrxr rFkk okLrfod [kkrksa ds gh 'ks"k fudkys tkrs gSaA
larqfyr fd;s tkrs gSaA
Only personal account and real account will be
balanced.
 vokLrfod@ukeek= [kkrksa dk 'ks"k ugha fudkyk tkrk gSA larqfyr ugha fd;k
tkrk cfYd mls "P&L A/c" esa Transfer fd;k tkrk gSA
Nominal account can never be balanced hence they
will be transferred to P & L account, At the end of the
term.
Question Set
1. [kkrkcgh esa ------------------- [kkus gksrs gSa

(a) 4
(b) 6
(c) 8
(d) 100
In ledger there are __________column
(a) 4
(b) 6
(c) 8
(d) 100
2. ,d [kkrs dk ck;ka Hkkx -----------ds :i esa rFkk nk;ka Hkkx ---------------- ds :i esa
tkuk tkrk gS&
(a) MsfcV] ØsfMV
(b) ØsfMV] MsfcV
(c) nkf;Ro] lEifÙk
The left side of an account is known as ________and
the rights side as _______.
(a) Debit, Credit
(b) Credit, Debit
(c) Liability, Asset
3. O;ogkj ,oa ?kVukvksa dks tuZy o lgk;d iqLrdksa esa ntZ djus ds i'pkr
gLrkarfjr fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk
(b) fpV~Bk
(c) [kkrkcgh
(d) Le.kkZFkd iqLrd
After recording the transactions and events in journal
and subsidiary books, they will be transferred to:
(a) Profit & Loss account
(b) Balance Sheet
(c) Ledger
(d) Memorandum Books
4. ,d [kkrk ------------- izd`fr dh enksa esa ifjorZuksa dk vkSipkfjd vfHkys[k gksrk gSA
(a) vk;xr
(b) O;;xr
(c) MsfcV
(d) leku
An account is a formal record of changes in items of

______ nature.
(a) Revenue
(b) Expense
(c) Debit
(d) Similar
5. [kkrkcgh lkekU;r% tkuh tkrh gS
(a) [kkrksa dh f}rh;d iqLrd
(b) [kkrksa dh iz/kku iqLrd
(c) [kkrksa dh lgk;d iqLrd
(d) dksbZ ugha
Ledger book is popularly known as:

(a) Secondary book of accounts
(b) Principal book of accounts
(c) Subsidiary book of accounts
(d) None
6. fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdu [kkrksa dks ^îz/kku cgh** ds uke ls tkurs gSa\
(a) [kkrkcgh
(b) tuZy
(c) ryiV
(d) fpV~Bk
Which of the following is known as "Principal Books

of Accounts"
(a) Ledger
(b) Journal
(c) Trial Balance
(d) Balance Sheet
7. iqLrd ftlesa oxhZd`r lwpuk,a miyC/k gksrh gSa dgykrh gSa&
(a) tuZy
(b) [kkrkcgh
(c) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk
(d) fpV~Bk
The book contained classified information is called

(a) Journal
(b) Ledger
(c) P & L Account
(d) Balance Sheet
8. tuZy rFkk [kkrk&cgh ysunsuksa dk ys[kk djrs gSa&
(a) Øe'k% ,d le;kØe esa rFkk leh{kkRed Øe esa
(b) ,d leh{kkRed Øe esa rFkk le;kØe esa Øe'k%
(c) dsoy ,d le;kØe esa
(d) ,d leh{kkRed Øe esa gh dsoy
Journal and ledger records transactions in:

(a) A chronological order and analytical order
respectively
(b) An analytical order and chronological order
respectively
(c) A chronological order only
(d) An analytical order only
9. [kkrk&cgh lkekU;r% ij tkuh tkrh gS&
(a) xkS.k iqLrd
(b) [kkrksa dh iz/kku iqLrd
(c) (a) rFkk (b) nksuksa
Ledger book is popularly known as:

(a) Secondary books
(b) Principal book of accounts
(c) Both (a) & (b)
10. [kkrkcgh esa laO;ogkj dk fy[kuk----------------- dgykrk gSA
(a) tksM+ yxkuk
(b) 'ks"k fudkyuk
(c) tuZy esa ys[ks djuk
(d) [krkSuh djuk
Writing of transaction in the ledger is called______.

(a) Casting
(b) Balancing
(c) Journalizing
(d) Posting
11. tuZy ls [kkrk cgh esa rRlaca/kh [kkrksa dks MsfcV rFkk ØsfMV dh enksa ds vUrj.k
dh izfØ;k dgykrh gS&
(a) 'ks"k fudkyuk
(b) ewY;kadu
(c) tuZykbftax
(d) [krkSuh
The process of transferring the transactions relating
to changes in a particular item at one place in the
form of an account is called_______.
(a) Balancing
(b) Casting
(c) Journalizing
(d) Posting
12. [kkrk cgh dk tek 'ks"k gS&
(a) ,d vk; ;k ,d lEifÙk
(b) ,d vk; ;k ,d nkf;Ro
(c) ,d lEifÙk ;k ,d nkf;Ro
(d) ,d [kpkZ ;k ,d nkf;Ro
Credit balance of ledger is______.

(a) a revenue or an asset
(b) a revenue or a liability
(c) a asset or a expenses
(d) an expense or a liability
13. MsfcV 'ks"k dh n'kk esa] MsfcV i{k esa --------------------- 'kCn fy[ks tkrs gSa
(a) To Balance b/d
(b) To balance c/d
(c) By balance b/d
(d) By balance c/d
In case of debit balance, the words ______ are written

on the debit side.
(a) To Balance b/d
(b) To balance c/d
(c) By balance b/d
(d) By balance c/d
14. ØsfMV 'ks"k dh n'kk esa] 'kCn ---------------- ØsfMV dh vksj fy[ks tkrs gSa&
(a) To balance b/d
(b) To balance c/d
(c) By balance b/d
(d) By balance c/d
In case of credit balance, the words ______are written

on the credit side.
(a) To balance b/d
(b) To balance c/d
(c) By balance b/d
(d) By balance c/d
15. [kkrkcgh esa laO;ogkj dk fy[kuk dgykrk gS&
(a) [krkSuh djuk
(b) jkstukepk esa fy[kuk
(c) 'ks"k fudkyuk
(d) dkfLVax
Writing of transaction in the ledger is called ______.

(a) Posting
(b) Journalizing
(c) Balancing
(d) Casting
16. lkekU;r% fuEu [kkrksa ds 'ks"k fudkys tkrs gSa&
(a) okLrfod rFkk vokLrfod [kkrk
(b) O;fDrxr rFkk okLrfod [kkrk
(c) lHkh vokLrfod [kkrs
(d) lHkh [kkrs
Normally, the following accounts are balanced:

(a) Real A/c and Nominal A/c
(b) Personal a/c and Real A/c
(c) Only Nominal A/c
(d) All accounts
17. [kkrs esa fn[kk;s tk jgs MsfcVksa rFkk ØsfMV nksuksa ds ;ksxksa dks ns[krs gq, fdlh
[kkrs dk 'kq) 'ks"k Kkr djus dh rduhd dgykrh gS%
(a) [krkSuh
(b) Ø;
(c) ,d [kkrs dk 'ks"k fudkyuk
(d) xf.krh; 'kq)rk ijh{k.k
The technique of finding the net balance of an
account after considering the totals of both debits
and credits appearing in the account is known as:
(a) Posting
(b) Purchase
(c) Balancing of an account
(d) Arithmetically accuracy test
18. ys[kkadu o"kZ ds var esa [kkrk&cgh ds lHkh vokLrfod [kkrksa%
(a) larqfyr fd;k tkrk gS ysfdu ykHk&gkfu [kkrs dks varfjr ugha fd;k tkrkA
(b) larqyu ugha fd;k tkrk rFkk lkFk gh 'ks"k dks ykHk gkfu [kkrs esa varfjr
Hkh ugha fd;k tkrkA
(c) larqfyr fd;k tkrk gS rFkk 'ks"k dks fpV~Bs esa varfjr fd;k tkrk gSA
(d) larqfyr ugha fd;k tkrk rFkk mudk 'ks"k ykHk gkfu [kkrs esa varfjr fd;k
tkrk gSA
18. At the end of the accounting year all the nominal
accounts of the ledger book are:
(a) Balanced but not transferred to profit and loss
account
(b) Not balanced and also to balance is not transferred
to the profit and loss account
(c) Balanced the balance is transferred to the balance
sheet
(d) Not balance and their balance is transferred to the
profit and loss account
19. buesa ls dkSu lk okD; lR; gS\
(a) jksdM+ ysunsuksa ds vfrfjDr vU; lHkh ys[kkvksa dks tuZy esa fy[kk tkrk gSA
(b) [kkrk cgh lgk;d cgh dk ,d va'k gksrk gSA
(c) Ø; cgh esa m/kkj ;k udn nksuksa izdkj ds Ø; fd;s tkrs gSaA
(d) jksdM+ cgh ds cSad dkWye dk 'ks"k lnSo MsfcV gksrk gSA
Which of the following statement is correct?

(a) All entries except cash transaction can be recorded
through Journal.
(b) Ledger is a part of subsidiary book.
(c) Purchase book records all the purchase whether
cash or credit.
(d) Bank column of cash book always has debit balance.
20. buesa ls dkSu ls [kkrs dk 'ks"k uke o tek gks ldrk gS\
(a) lk>snkj dk pkyw [kkrk
(b) Ø; [kkrk
(c) deh'ku [kkrk ¼izkfIr½
(d) dksbZ ugha
Which of the following accounts may have a debit or

a credit balance?
(a) Partner's Current Account
(b) Purchase Account
(c) Commission (Recd) Account
(d) None
Answer Key
1 C 2 A 3 C 4 D 5 B
6 A 7 B 8 A 9 C 10 D
11 D 12 B 13 A 14 C 15 A
16 B 17 C 18 D 19 A 20 A
lgk;d cgh
(Subsidiary Book)
 lgk;d cgh izkFkfed ys[kk iqLrd gS ,sls O;kikj tgka O;ogkjksa dh la[;k vf/kd
gksrh gS os tuZy ds LFkku ij lgk;d cgh cukrs gSaA
It is a primary Book/Books of original entry, Business
where transaction volume are higher then we prepare
subsidiary books instead of Journal.
 tuZy rFkk lgk;d cgh nksuksa lkFk&lkFk ugha cuk;h tk ldrhA
Journal and subsidiary book both were not prepared
simultaneously
 tuZy ds mifoHkktu dks lgk;d cgh dgrs gSaA
It is a subdivision of journal.
 lgk;d cgh dqy 8 izdkj dh gksrh gSA
There are 8 types of subsidiary books.
(1) Ø; cgh+ (2) Ø; okilh cgh
Purchase Book Purchase Return Book
(3) foØ; cgh (4) foØ; okilh cgh
Sales Book Sales Return Book
(5) izkI; fcy cgh (6) ns; fcy cgh
B/R Book B/P Book
(7) eq[; tuZy (8) jksdM+ cgh
Journal Proper Cash Book
Note:- cgh ds LFkku ij 'kCn iqLrd dk mi;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gSA ysfdu [kkrs dk ughaA
The term book will be used not ledger
1. Ø; cgh@iqLrd (Purchase Book)
 Ø; cgh ,d tuZy gSA [kkrk cgh ugha gSA
It is a Journal/not a ledger
 Ø; cgh esa dsoy m/kkj [kjhns x;s O;kikfjd eky dk ys[kk fd;k tkrk gS] udn [kjhns
x;s O;kikfjd eky dk ugha rFkk m/kkj [kjhnh x;h lEifÙk dk ys[kk Hkh ughaA tcfd
Ø; [kkrs esa eky dh m/kkj [kjhn rFkk udn [kjhn nksuksa dks 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gSA
In purchase book only credit purchase of goods in
trade will be recorded, cash purchase of goods and
credit purchase of fixed assed will not be included in
this book, in purchase account we include credit
purchase of goods & cash purchase of goods.
 Ø; cgh ds ;ksx ls Ø; [kkrk Dr gksrk gSA
With the total of purchase book we debit purchase account.
2. Ø; okilh cgh (Purchase Return Book)
 blesa dsoy m/kkj [kjhns x;s eky dh okilh ntZ dh tk;sxh udn [kjhns x;s
eky dh okilh ughaA
In this book we only include a of return of credit
purchase of goods, cash purchase goods return will be
ignored and that will be included in cash book.
 Ø; okilh cgh cukrs le; Debtor }kjk Debit Note tkjh fd;k tk;sxkA
Debtor will prepare purchase return book and issue
debit note for this.
 "P/R Book" ds ;ksx ls "P/R Account" Cr gksrk gSA
With the total of purchase return book we credited
purchase return account
3. foØ; cgh (Sales Book)
 bl cgh esa dsoy m/kkj csps x;s O;kikfjd eky dk ys[kk gksxk udn csps x;s
eky dk ugha m/kkj csph x;h lEifÙk dk ys[kk Hkh ughaA
In this book only credit sale of goods will be recorded, cash
sale of goods and sale of fixed asset will not be included.
 foØ; cgh ds ;ksx ls foØ; [kkrk Cr gksxkA
With the total of sales book we credited sales account.
4. foØ; okilh cgh (Sales Return Book)
 bl cgh esa dsoy m/kkj csps x;s O;kikfjd eky dh okilh ntZ dh tk;sxh] udn
csps x;s eky dh ughA
In this book only return of credit sale will be included,
Return of cash sale of goods will be ignored.
 foØ; okilh cgh ds ;ksx ls foØ; okilh [kkrk Dr gksrk gSA
With the total of sales return book we debited sales
return account.
 Creditor }kjk foØ; okilh cgh cukrs le; Credit Note tkjh fd;k
tkrk gSA
Creditor will prepare sales return book and issue credit
note.
5. izkI; fcy cgh (Bills receivable Book)
6. ns; fcy cgh (Bills Payable Book)
7. eq[; tuZy/Journal Proper/ jkstukepk
 ,sls O;ogkj tks vU; 7 cfg;ksa esa ntZ ugha fd;s tkrs mUgsa eq[; tuZy esa ntZ
djrs gSaA tSls&
Those transaction which are not entered in other subsidiary
book are included in Journal proper for example:
(i) izkjfEHkd izfof’V (ii) vafre izfof’V
Opening entries Closing entries
(iii) v'kqf) lq/kkj izfof"V (iv) gLrkarj.k izfof"V
Rectification entries Transfer entries
(v) lek;kstu izfof"V ¼vnÙk O;;] iwoZnÙk O;;] mikftZr vk;] vuqikftZr vk;] âkl]
Mwcr _.k vkfn½
Adjustment entries (Outstanding expenses, prepaid
expenses, accrued income, unearned income,
depreciation, bad-debts etc.)
(vi) lEifÙk dk m/kkj Ø;
Credit purchase of asset
(vii) eky nku esa nsuk@eky eq¶r uewus esa ckaVuk@pksjh gksuk@vkx ls tydj u"V
gksuk@vkgj.kA
Goods given in charity/free sample/loss by fire/loss by
theft/drawings
(XIII) fcy dk vuknj.k bR;kfnA
Dishonour of bill
jksdM+ cgh (Cash Book)
 jksdM+ cgh ,d tuZy gSA
Cash book is a Journal.
 jksdM+ cgh ,dek= ,slh cgh gS tks ys[kksa dh lgk;d rFkk [kkrksa dh iz/kku iqLrd
gSA
Cash book is a part of ledger also hence called as
principle book.
 os lHkh O;ogkj ftuesa jksdM+ rFkk pSd dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA mUgsa jksdM+ cgh esa ntZ
djrs gSaA
All Transaction which include cash & cheque will be
included in cash book.
[kqnjk jksdM+ cgh@QqVdj jksdM+ cgh (Petty Cash Book)
 ;g y?kq jksdfM+;s }kjk lapkfyr gksrh gSA
It is managed by petty cashier.
 blesa vYijkf'k@NksVs&NksVs O;;ksa dk lekos'k gksrk gSA tSls&Mkd fVdV] pk;]
dkWQh] VSDlh fdjk;k bR;kfnA
To recording the small expense in firm like postage,
Tea, coffee and taxifair etc.
 eq[; jksdfM+;k vof/k ds izkjaHk esa y?kq jksdfM+;s dks ,d fuf'pr jkf'k dk 'ks"k nsrk
gSA ftls vxznk; 'ks"k@^^bEizsLV jksdM+** dgk tkrk gSA
At the beginning of the year/month, a definite money is
given to petty cashier this will be known as advance
cash/ imprest cash.
 vof/k ds vUr esa eq[; jksdfM+;k y?kq jksdfM+;s dks [kpZ dh xbZ jkf'k ds cjkcj
jkf'k dk iquZHkj.k dj nsrk gSA
At the and of period amount equal to expensed will be
reimbursed by main cashier to patty cashier
 QqVdj jksdM+ cgh dk 'ks"k ges'kk ,d lEifÙk gksrk gSA
Balance of petty cash book will always be an asset
 bls fo'ys"k.kkRed jksdM+ cgh Hkh dgrs gSaA
It is also known as analytical cash book.
 ;g lgk;d cgh ugha gS cfYd jksdM+ cgh dk ,d izk:i gSA
Petty cash book is not a subsidiary book it is a format
of cash book.
jksdM+ cgh eq[;r% 3 izdkj dh gksrh gS&
There are 3 types of cashbooks.
(1) ,d dkWye@,d [kkus okyh jksdM+ cgh
Single column cash book:
 blesa dsoy ,d jksdM+ dk dkWye gksrk gSA
Only cash column will be prepared.
 ,sls O;kikj ftuds ikl cSad [kkrk ugha gksrk og bls cukrs gSaA
Those business who have no bank account will
preferred this.
(2) nks dkWye@nks [kkus okyh jksdM+ cgh
Double column cash book
 blesa ,d dkWye jksdM+ dk rFkk nwljk dkWye oSdfYid :i ls ;k rks Bank ;k
Discount dk gksxkA
One column of cash & second column will be alternatively
either bank or discount.
 lk/kkj.kr% Bank dk gksrk gSA
Normally bank column.
(3) rhu dkWye okyh@rhu [kkus okyh@f=LraHkh; jksdM+ cgh
Triple column cash book
 bl cgh esa Øe'k% rhuksa dkWye gksrs gSa& Cash, Bank, Discount
Three column includes – Cash, Bank, Discount.
Note 1 : jksdM+ cgh ds jksdM+ dkWye dk 'ks"k ges'kk Dr gksxkA
Cash column of cash book always have debit balance.
Note 2 : jksdM+ cgh ds cSad dkWye dk 'ks"k Dr vFkok Cr gks ldrk gSA
B.O.D. (Bank Over Draft) ds dkj.k Cr gks ldrk gSA
Bank column of cash book have either debit or
credit balance, in case of bank over draft balance
will be credit.
Note 3 : jksdM+ cgh ds Discount Column dk dHkh Hkh 'ks"k ugha fudkyk
tkrk D;ksafd vokLrfod [kkrksa dk dksbZ 'ks"k ugha gksrk gSA
Discount column of cash book can never be
balanced because it is a nominal nature account.
Note 4 :
foijhr izfof"V (Contra Entry)
 ;g izfof"V mlh jksdM+ cgh esa dh tk ldrh gS ftlesa jksdM+ dkWye rFkk cSad dk
dkWye nksuks fo|eku gksaA
Contra entry can be passed in cash in which cash
column and bank column both are exist.
 lk/kkj.kr% foijhr izfof"V Three Column Cash Book esa dh tkrh gSA
ysfdu vxj nks [kkus okyh cgh esa cSad dk dkWye cuk;k tk jgk gS rks bls nks
[kkus okyh jksdM+ cgh esa Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gSA
Generally contra entry will be passed in three column
cashbook but if in double column cashbook bank
column exist then it will also be passed in double
column cashbook.
 dsoy fuEu nks ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa gh Contra Entry gks ldrh gSA
Contra entry passed in these two situations:
(i) dk;kZy; dh jksdM+ cSad esa tek djuk
Cash Deposited in bank account
Bank A/c Dr.
To Cash
(ii) O;kikfjd dk;ksaZ ds fy, cSad ls jksdM+ fudkyuk
Cash withdrawal from bank for business purpose:
Cash A/c Dr.
To Bank
 ,sls O;ogkj ftudh [krkSuh ,d gh [kkrs ds nksuksa i{kksa ij gksrh gS mls
Contra Entry dgrs gSaA
Those transaction which are posted both side on same
account will be called contra entry.
 bls vaxzsth o.kZekyk ds 'kCn "C" ds }kjk O;Dr fd;k tkrk gSA
Contra entry can be shown by alphabet "C."
Note:- Credit Card ij izpfyr C;kt dh nj 1% ls 4% rd gSA
Generally prevailing interest rate on credit card 1%
to 4%
Note:- pSd vuknj.k dk ys[kk Hkh jksdM+ cgh esa gksxkA
Cheque dishonour will also be recorded in cash book.
¼izkIr½ Bank Dr
To Ram A/c
¼vuknj.k½ Ram A/c Dr
To Bank.
 vuknj.k ij foijhr Entry gksrh gSA
In case of dishonour there will be reverse entry.
Debit Note/ Credit Note
Debit Note = uke iphZ
 Debtor }kjk Debit Note cuk;k tkrk gSA
It will be prepared by debtor.
 Ø; okilh (P/R) cgh cukrs le; Debtor }kjk Debit Note cuk;k
tkrk gS rFkk tkjh fd;k tkrk gSA
At the time of making purchase return book debtor will
prepare & issue debit note.
Credit Note
 Creditor }kjk cuk;k tkrk gSa
It will be prepare by creditor.
 S/R Book cukrs le; Creditor }kjk Credit Note rS;kj rFkk tkjh
fd;k tk;sxkA
At the time of making sales return book creditor will
prepare and issue credit note.
Note:- fuEu fLFkfr;ksa esa Debit Note or Credit Note Use gksrk gS&
Debit note and credit note will be used in these
situations.
 eky okilh ds laca/k esaA
Return of goods
 xyr cV~Vs dk mipkj djus ds fy,A
Treatment of wrong discount
 [kjkc xq.koÙkk dk mipkj djus ds fy,A
Treatment of poor quality goods.
 xyr ek=k dk mipkjA
Treatment of wrong quantity
1. Ø; cgh vfHkfyf[kr djrh gS&
(a) lHkh udn Ø;
(b) lHkh m/kkj Ø;
(c) O;kikfjd eky dk m/kkj Ø;
Purchases book records:
(a) All cash purchases.
(b) All credit purchases.
(c) Credit purchases of goods in trade.
2. foØ; iqLrd dk ;ksx vkof/kd :i ls [krkSuh fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) foØ; [kkrs ds ØsfMV esa
(b) jksdM+ iqLrd ds ØsfMV esa
(c) eq[; jkstukepk ds ØsfMV esa
The total of the sales book is posted periodically to
the credit of
(a) Sales account
(b) Cash book
(c) Journal proper
(d) Name of the above
3. Ø; okilh iqLrd dk ;ksx vkof/kd :i ls---------esa ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gSA
(a) Ø; okilh [kkrk
(b) jksdM+ iqLrd
(c) eq[; jkstukepk
Total of purchase return book is posted periodically to
the credit of______________
(a) Purchase return account
(b) Cash book
(c) Journal proper
4. eq[; jkstukepk vfHkfyf[kr djrk gS&
(a) m/kkj Ø;
(b) m/kkj foØ;
(c) ,d lEifÙk dk m/kkj Ø;
(d) foØ; okilh
Journal proper records
(a) Credit purchases
(b) Credit sales
(c) Purchase of an asset on credit
(d) Sales return
5. m/kkj [kjhns x;s QuhZpj dks ntZ fd;k tk,xkA
(a) Ø; cgh esa
(b) foØ; cgh esa
(c) jksdM+ cgh esa
(d) eq[; tuZy esa
Purchase of furniture on credit should be recorded
in _____________
(a) Purchase book
(b) Sales book
(c) Cash book
(d) Journal proper
6. buesa ls dkSu&lh lgk;d cfg;ka ugha gSaA
(a) foØ; cgh
(b) Ø; cgh
(c) jksdM+ cgh
(d) izkI; fcy cgh
Which of the following is not a subsidiary book?
(a) Sales Book
(b) Purchase Book
(c) Cash Book
(d) B/R Book
7. ,d LVs'kujh Mhyj }kjk 10,000 :- ewY; dh LVs'kujh dk m/kkj Ø; fy[kk
tk;sxk&
(a) Ø; iqLrd esa
(b) foØ; iqLrd esa
(c) jksdM+ iqLrd esa
Credit purchase of stationery worth Rs. 10,000 by a
Stationery dealer will be recorded in
(a) Purchases book
(b) Sales book
(c) Cashbook
8. --------------Ø; cgh esa ys[kk fd;k tkrk gSA
(a) QeZ }kjk csps tk jgs eky dk m/kkj Ø;
(b) QeZ }kjk csps tk jgs eky dk udn Ø;
(c) QeZ }kjk csps tk jgs eky ds lHkh Ø;
__________is recorded n purchase book.
(a) Credit purchases of goods dealt in by firm
(b) Cash purchases of goods dealt in by firm
(c) All purchases of goods dealt in by firm.
9. foØ; okilh cgh fjdkWMZ djrh gS&
(a) Ø; okilh
(b) m/kkj foØ; okilh
(c) udn fcØh okilh
(d) nksuksa a ;k c
Return Inwards books records......
(a) Purchase returns
(b) Credit sales return
(c) Cash Sales returns
(d) Both (a) and (c)
10. ekpZ ekg ds fy, foØ; cgh dk dqy ;ksx fn[kkrk gS%
(a) ekg ds fy, dqy foØ;
(b) ekg ds fy, dqy m/kkj foØ;
(c) ekg ds fy, dqy udn foØ;
(d) dqy foØ; ?kVk;s foØ; okilh
Total of the sales book for March indicates:
(a) Total sales for the month
(b) Total credit sales for the month
(c) Total cash sales for the month
(d) Total sales less sales return
11. udn 1,050 :- ds 'kh?kz Hkqxrku ds fy, 50 :- dh NwV nh xbZ%
(a) foØ; cgh
(b) jksdM+ cgh
(c) tuZy izkWij ¼lkekU; tuZy½
(d) Ø; cgh
An allowance of Rs. 50 was offered for an early
payment of cash of Rs. 1,050.
(a) Sales book
(b) Cash book
(c) Journal proper
(d) Purchase book
12. , cznlZ dks 1,000 :- dk m/kkj cspk x;k eky%
(a) jksdM+ cgh
(b) tuZy izkWij
(c) foØ; cgh
(d) izkI; fcy cgh
Goods were sold on credit basis to A brothers for Rs.
1,000
(a) Cashbook
(b) Journal proper
(c) Sales book
(d) Bills receivable book
13. igys v'kks/; ds :i esa vifyf[kr 2,000 :- dh jkf'k dh fe-lh- ls vkaf'kd
olwyh gsrq ys[kkadu
(a) tuZy izkWij
(b) foØ; cgh
(c) Ø; cgh
(d) jksdM+ cgh
Accounting for partial recovery from Mr. C of an
amount of Rs. 2,000 earlier written off as bad debt.
(a) Journal proper
(b) Sales book
(c) Purchase book
(d) Cash book
14. foØ; cgh
(a) tuZy dk ,d Hkkx gS
(b) [kkrk&cgh dk ,d Hkkx gS
(c) fpV~Bs dk ,d Hkkx gS
(d) mijksDr dksbZ ugha
The sales Book:
(a) Is a part of journal
(b) Is a part of the ledger
(c) Is a part of the balance sheet
(d) None of three
15. ,d xzkgd }kjk tkjh fd;k tkrk gS] tc og eky okil djrk gSA
(a) MsfcV uksV
(b) ØsfMV uksV
(c) n'kZukFkZ chtd
(d) dksbZ ugha
A __ is sent to a customer when he returns the goods.
(a) Debit note.
(b) Credit note.
(c) Performa invoice
16. 600 :- dh ykxr dk eky ykxr ls Åij 10% ds chtd ij jke dks Hkstk
tkrk gS rFkk O;kikfjd NwV 5% gSA foØ; dh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 627 :- (b) 660 :-
(c) 570 :- (d) 620 :-
Goods costing Rs. 600 is supplied to Ram at the
Invoice of 10% above cost and a trade discount for
5%. The amount of sales will be
(a) Rs.627
(b) Rs.660
(c) Rs.570
(d) Rs.620
17. 10,000 :- udn] ;ksx 10% foØ; dj gsrq eky cspk x;kA foØ; dks
ØsfMV fd;k tk;sxk&
(a) 11,000 :- ls
(b) 10,000 :- ls
(c) 9,000 :- ls
(d) dksbZ ugha
Goods sold for cash Rs. 10,000, plus 10% sales tax.
Sales will be credited by
(a) Rs. 11,000.
(b) Rs. 10,000.
(c) Rs. 9,000
18. 1,000 :- dh ykxr dk eky ykxr ds Åij 10% ds chtd ewY; rFkk 5%
dh O;kikfjd dVkSrh ij vkiwfrZ fd;k x;kA foØ; dh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 1,045 :- (b) 1,050 :-
(c) 1,100 :- (d) 1,060 :-
Goods costing Rs. 1,000 is sold at a Invoice price
which is cost + 10% trade discount is given @5% sale
value will be
(a) Rs.1,045
(b) Rs.1,050
(c) Rs.1,100
(d) Rs.1,007
19. eky ds foØ; ds le; ij nh xbZ O;kikfjd NwV dk ys[kk
(a) tuZy esa fd;k tkrk gS
(b) [kkrksa esa fcYdqy ugha fd;k tkrk
(c) jksdM+ cgh esa fd;k tkrk gS
(d) foØ; cgh esa fd;k tkrk gS
Trade discount allowed at the time of sale of goods is
(a) Recorded in Journal
(b) Not recorded on book of accounts
(c) Recorded in Cash book
(d) Recorded in Sales book
20. ,Dl okbZ cznlZ dks 1,000 :- dk eky m/kkj cspk x;k FkkA ;g vfHkfyf[kr
fd;k tk;sxk&
(a) jksdM+ iqLrd esa
(b) eq[; jkstukepk esa
(c) fcy izkfIr iqLrd esa
(d) foØ; iqLrd esa
Goods were sold on credit basis to XY Bros, for Rs.
11000. This will be recorded in
(a) Cash book
(b) Journal proper
(c) Bills receivable book
(d) Sales book
21. udn fcØh okilh dks fy[kk tkrk gS&
(a) foØ; okilh iqLrd esa
(b) jksdM+ iqLrd esa
(c) eq[; jkstukpk esa
Returns of cash sales is recorded in
(a) Sales return book
(b) Cash book
(c) Journal proper
22. 1,000 :- dk ,d izkI; foi=] tks 1100 :- ds nkos ds fy, iw.kZ fuiVku
esa ,d nsunkj ls izkIr fd;k x;k Fkk] vukn`r gks x;k%
(a) Ø; okilh cgh (b) izkI; fcy cgh
(c) tuZy izkWij ¼lkekU; tuZy½ (d) foØ; okilh
A bills receivable of Rs. 1,000, which was received
from a debtor In full settlement for a claim of Rs. 1,100,
is dishonoured.
(a) Purchase return book
(b) Bills receivable book
(c) Journal proper
(d) Sales return book
23. 340 :- ds vpqdrk osru dh [kkrksa esa O;oLFkk dh tkrh gSA
(a) izkI; fcy cgh
(b) Ø; cgh
(c) tuZy izkWij ¼lkekU; tuZy½
(d) Ø; okilh
Unpaid salary for Rs. 340 is to be provided for in the
accounts.
(a) Bills receivable book
(b) Purchase book
(c) Journal proper
(d) Purchases return
24. fuEu esa ls dkSulk dFku lR; gS%
(a) 'kCn Ø; esa lEifÙk;ksa dk uxn rFkk m/kkj nksuksa Ø; 'kkfey gSA
(b) 'kCn foØ; esa lEifÙk;ksa dk uxn rFkk m/kkj nksuksa foØ; 'kkfey gSA
(c) izkjafHkd LVkWd 'kCn dk vFkZ gS fd xr o"kZ ds var esa fcuk fcdk LVkWdA
(d) vafre LVkWd 'kCn dk vFkZ gS pkyw o"kZ ds izkjaHk esa fcuk fcdk LVkWdA
24. Which one of the following is correct-
(a) The term “Purchases” includes the purchases of
fixed assets for cash as well as on credit.
(b) The term “Seles” includes the sales of fixed assets
for cash as well as on credit.
(c) The term “Opening Stock” means the goods lying
unsold at the end of previous accounting period.
(d) The term “Closing Stock means the goods lying
unsold at the beginning of current accounting period.
25. jksdM+ cgh ,d izdkj dh-----------gS ysfdu [kkrksa ds ,d---------ds :i esa ekuh tkrh gSA
(a) lgk;d iqLrd] iz/kku iqLrd
(b) iz/kku iqLrd] lgk;d iqLrd
(c) lgk;d iqLrd] lgk;d iqLrd
(d) iz/kku iqLrd] iz/kku iqLrd
Cash book is a type of but treated as a of accounts.
(a) Subsidiary book, principal book
(b) Principal book, subsidiary book
(c) Subsidiary book, subsidiary book
(d) Principal book, principal book
26. tc fdlh ysunsu ds nksuksa igyqvksa dh [krkSuh jksdM+ cgh esa dh tkrh gS
rks ,slh ys[kk dks------dgrs gSaA
(a) f}ys[kk
(b) MsfcV ys[kk
(c) ØsfMV ys[kk
(d) foijhr ys[kk
Where two aspects of a transaction are posted In the
Cash Book, such an entry is called
(a) Double Entry
(b) Debit Entry
(c) Credit Entry
(d) Contra Entry
27. foijhr izfrf"V;ka dsoy rc dh tkrh gSa tc-----------
(a) nks [kkus okyh jksdM+ cgh cukbZ tkrh gS
(b) rhu [kkus okyh jksdM+ cgh cukbZ tkrh gS
(c) ljy jksdM+ cgh cukbZ tkrh gS
Contra entries are passed only when
(a) Double column cash book
(b) Three column cash book is prepared
(c) Simple cash book is prepared
28. [kqnjk jksdM+ dk 'ks"k----------gSA
(a) ,d O;;
(b) vk;
(c) ,d lEifÙk
(d) nkf;Ro
The balance of the petty cash is _________
(a) an expense
(b) income
(c) an asset
(d) liability
29. lkekU;r;k QqVdj jksdfM+;k---------------iz.kkyh ij dk;Z djrk gSA
(a) izksn~Hkou
(b) 'ks"k fudkyus okyh
(c) vxznk;
The petty cashier generally work on system.
(a) Accrual
(b) Balancing
(c) Imprest
30. [kqnjk jksdfM+;k QqVdj jksdM+ dh izkfIr fdlls djrk gSA
(a) eq[; jksdfM+;k
(b) ekfyd
(c) eSustj
The Petty cashier receives petty cash from
(a) Main cashier
(b) Owner
(c) Manager
31. [kqnjk jksdM+ cgh ds 'ks"k dh [kkrk cgh esa-----------[krkSuh dh tkrh gSA
(a) cSad [kkrs esa
(b) jksdM+ [kkrs esa
(c) dgha ugha
(d) nksuksa a rFkk b esa
Balance of Petty Cash Book is posted to ledger
(a) In the Bank a/c
(b) In the Cash a/c
(c) Now here
32. [kqnjk jksdM+ dks---------ds Hkqxrku esa dke yk;k tkrk gSA
(a) osru rFkk LVkWQ dh etnwjh
(b) lEifÙk;ksa ds Ø;
(c) Mkd rFkk HkkM+s vkfn ds lHkh NksVs&NksVs O;;
(d) mijksDr lHkh
Petty Cash is used for payment of
(a) Salaries & wages of the staff
(b) For purchase of assets
(c) Small expenses relating to postages and conveyance
etc.
33. vxznk; /ku 500 :-A D;k jde okil gksxh ;fn [kqnjk jksdfM+;s us ekg esa fuEu [kpZ
fd;s VsyhQksu 150 :- fVfQu 50 :- y?kq ejEer 30 :- lkekU; [kpsZ 100 :-
(a) 300 (b) 170
(c) 330 (d) 270
Imprest amount - Rs.500. What will be the amount of
re-Imbursement if following expenses were incurred by
the petty cashier during the month-Telephone =
Rs.150, Tiffin = Rs.50, small Repairs = Rs. 30 general
expense = Rs.100.
(a) 300 (b) 170
(c) 330 (d) 270
34. eq[; tuZy esa ys[kk fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) izkjafHkd izfof’V dk
(b) vafre izfof’V dk
(c) lek;kstu izfof’V dk
(d) mijksDr lHkh
In Journal proper we record
(a) Opening entry
(b) Closing entry
(c) Adjustment entry
35. ekpZ ds eghus dk ns; fdjk;k jksdM+ cgh ds--------esa fn[kk;k tk,xkA
(a) udn izkfIr i{k
(b) udn Hkqxrku i{k
(c) foijhr ys[ks
(d) dgha ugha
Rent due for the month of March will appear in the
cash book.
(a) On the receipt side
(b) On the payment side
(c) As a contra entry
(d) No where
36. foijhr izfof’V gksxh&
(a) dk;kZy; iz;ksx ds fy, cSad ls vkgj.k
(b) O;fDrxr iz;ksx ds fy, cSad ls vkgj.k
(c) xzkgd ls izkIr pSd mlh fnu cSad esa tek djokus ij
(d) ysunkjksa dks pSd }kjk Hkqxrku djus ij
Contra entry will be
(a) For business purpose amount withdrawal from bank
(b) For personal use amount withdrawal from bank
(c) Cheque received from customer and same day
deposited in bank
(d) Payment of creditor by cheque
37. jksdM+ cgh fjdkWMZ djrh gS%
(a) lHkh jksdM+ izkfIr;ka
(b) lHkh jksdM+ Hkqxrku
(c) lHkh jksdM+ izkfIr;ka rFkk Hkqxrku
(d) eky ds udn rFkk m/kkj foØ;
The Cash Book records:
(a) All cash receipts
(b) All cash payments
(c) All cash receipts and payments
(d) Cash and credit sale of goods
38. ;fn jke us udn eky cspk gS rks izfof"V dks fjdkWMZ fd;k tk;sxk
(a) jksdM+ cgh esa
(b) foØ; cgh esa
(c) tuZy esa
(d) LVkWd cqd esa
If Ram has sold goods for cash, the entry will be
recorded:
(a) In the Cash book
(b) In the Sales book
(c) In the journal
(d) In the stock book
39. 31 ekpZ 2005 dks lwjt dks igys ds m/kkj Ø; ds laca/k esa pUnzk dks
7000 :- nsus gSa mlus 10% udn NwV izkIr djus ds ckn 30 twu 2006
dks 1800 :- fn;sA 30 flracj 2006 dks 5% udn NwV izkIr djus ds ckn
mlus 2850 :- fn;sA vafre fuLrkj.k ds laca/k esa fcuk fdlh dVkSrh ds
lwjt }kjk nh tkus okyh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 2350 :-
(b) 2000 :-
(c) 2200 :-
(d) 2150 :-
39. On 31’March 2009, Suraj has to pay to M/s Chandra
Rs.7,000 on account of credit purchase from the later.
He paid Rs.1,800 on 30th June 2009 after availing a
cash discount of 10%. On 30th September 2009, he
paid Rs. 2,850 after availing 5% cash discount. On
account of final settlement, the amount to be paid by
Suraj without any discount will be
(a) Rs. 2,350
(b) Rs. 2,000
(c) Rs. 2,200
(d) Rs. 2,150
40. eS- ufUnuh }kjk izkIr fd;k x;k 35,000 :- dk ,d pSd 1 vDVwcj] 2006
dks 35,500 :- ds iw.kZ Hkqxrku ds laca/k esa pkanuh dks i`"Bkafdr fd;k x;k
FkkA 4 vDVwcj] 2006 dks pkanuh us mls cSad esa tek fd;kA 1 vDVwcj]
2006 dks pkanuh dh iqLrdksa esa MsfcV dh tkus okyh gksxh&
(a) jksdM+ [kkrk 35,000 :- rFkk NwV [kkrk 500 :-
(b) cSad [kkrk 35,000 :- rFkk NwV [kkrk 500 :-
(c) jksdM+ [kkrk 35,500 :-
(d) cSad [kkrk 35,500 :-
40. A cheque of Rs. 35,000 received by M/s Nandini was
endorsed to M/s Chandni on account of full
settlement of Rs. 35,500 on 1st October 2009. Chandni
deposited the same into the bank on 4th October 2009.
In the books of M/s Chandni, the amount to be debited
on 1st October 2009 will be
(a) Cash account Rs. 35000 and Discount account Rs. 500.
(b) Bank account Rs. 35,000 and Discount account Rs. 500.
(c) Cash account Rs. 35,500.
(d) Bank account Rs. 35,500.
41. izkIr C;kt 100/- pqdk;s x;s C;kt dh rjg fy[k fn;k x;kA jksdM+ 'ks"k ij
D;k izHkko iM+sxk\
(a) jksdM+ 100 :- ls de gksxh
(b) jksdM+ 200 :- ls c<+sxh
(c) jksdM+ 200 :- ls de gksxh
(d) jksdM+ ij dksbZ izHkko ugha iM+sxk
Interest received of Rs. 100 was recorded as Interest
paid. What will be the effect on cash balance?
(a) Cash will reduce by 100.
(b) Cash will increase by 200.
(c) Cash will reduce by 200.
(d) No effect on cash balance.
42. jksdM+h cV~Vs dk ys[kk fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) foØ; cgh esa
(b) Ø; cgh esa
(c) jksdM+ cgh esa
(d) eq[; tuZy esa
Cash discount will be recorded in
(a) Sales book
(b) Purchase book
(c) Cash book
(d) Journal proper
43. eky vkx ls u’V gks x;k] mDr O;ogkj dk ys[kk fd;k tk;sxk&
(a) Ø; cgh esa
(b) Ø; okilh cgh esa
(c) jksdM+ cgh esa
(d) eq[; tuZy esa
Goods loss by fire will be recorded in
(a) In Purchase book
(b) In Purchase return book
(c) In Cash book
(d) In Journal proper
44. O;olk; ds Lokeh us vius csVs dks 500 :- dk pSd ?kj [kpZ ds fy, fn;k mDr
ysunsu dk ys[kk f=LrEHkh; jksdM+ cgh esa gksxk&
(a) jksdM+ [kkus ds ØsfMV esa
(b) cSad [kkus ds ØsfMV esa
(c) jksdM+ [kkus ds MsfcV o cSad [kkus ds ØsfMV esa
44. Business owner give a cheque of rupees 500 to his
son for domestic expense, this transaction will be
recorded in triple column cash book as
(a) Credit side in cash column
(b) Credit side in bank column
(c) Cash column debit side and bank column credit
side
Answer Key
1 C 2 A 3 A 4 C 5 D
6 C 7 A 8 A 9 B 10 B
11 B 12 C 13 D 14 A 15 A
16 A 17 B 18 A 19 B 20 D
21 B 22 C 23 C 24 C 25 A
26 D 27 B 28 C 29 C 30 A
31 B 32 C 33 C 34 D 35 D
36 A 37 C 38 A 39 B 40 A
41 C 42 C 43 D 44 B
ryiV
(Trial Balance)
 ;g ,d [kkrk ugha gS] fooj.k gSA
It is not an account, it is a statement.
 foÙkh; fooj.k dk Hkkx ugha gSA
Not a part of financial statement.
 Lej.kkFkZ fooj.k gS (Memorandum Statement) bls cukuk vko';d
ugha gSA
It is a memorandum statement, not mandatory to prepare.
 ys[kkadu ds rhljs pj.k esa cuk;k tkrk gSA
It will be prepared under third step of accounting.
 ;g Point of Time Statement gS vr% blds lkFk 'kCn as on
……. rFkk as at…… dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA
It is point of time statement, hence as on……. as at
…………. abrivations are used with trial balance.
 ;g [kkrksa dh lwph gSA
It is a list of account.
 ryiV dk fuekZ.k ^^fyfidh; v'kqf);ksa** dks <wa<us ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA
Trial balance is to be prepare for locating clerical errors.
 ryiV xf.krh;@vadxf.krh; ^^'kq)rk** crkrk gSA
Trial balance reflect arithmetical accuracy.
 ryiV ys[kkadu 'kq)rk dks ugha crkrk gS vkSj ryiV dk feyku bl ckr dk
vdkV~; izek.k ugha gksrk fd ys[kkadu esa 'kq)rk gSA
Matching of trial balance is not a conclusive proof of
accounting accuracy.
 ryiV esa rhuksa [kkrs ¼okLrfod] O;fDrxr] vokLrfod½ 'kkfey fd;s tkrs gSaA
Trial balance includes real, personal, nominal account.
 buesa ls vokLrfod [kkrs P&L A/c esa tkdj lekIr gks tkrs gSa tcfd
okLrfod vkSj O;fDrxr [kkrs Balance Sheet esa fn[kk;s tkrs gSaA
Nominal account can never be balanced these will be
transferred to profit & loss account. Only real and
personal account will be balanced & these account
will be disclosed in balance sheet.
 ryiV dk fuekZ.k lk/kkj.kr% o"kZ ds vUr esa vafre [kkrs cukus ls igys cuk;k tkrk gSA
Generally trial balance will be prepare at the end of
year before making final account.
 ysfdu okLro esa ryiV dk fuekZ.k O;kikj dh LosPNk ij fdlh Hkh le; ij
fd;k tk ldrk gS D;ksafd ;g fuf'pr frfFk@Kkr fnol dks viuh fLFkfr
crkrk gSA
Trial balance will be prepared at the option of
business, it reflect position at certain date.
 vxj ryiV esa fuEu 5 ensa nh xbZ gSa] rks bUgsa vafre [kkrs cukrs le; dsoy
vkSj dsoy Balance Sheet esa fn[kk;saxsA
If these items are given inside the trial balance then
will only be disclosed in balance sheet.
1. vafre Lda/k
Closing Stock
2. vnÙk O;;
Outstanding Expense
3. iwoZnÙk O;;
Prepaid Expense
4. mikftZr vk;
Accrued Income
5. vuqikftZr vk;
Unearned Income
 ;fn fuEu ensa ryiV ds vUnj ns j[kh gSa rks mUgsa vafre [kkrs cukrs le; dsoy
vkSj dsoy P&L A/c esa fn[kk;saxsA tSls&
And if these item are given inside the trial balance
then only be disclosed in P & L account.
• Bad debts
• Depreciation
• Discount Allowed/Received
• Interest on Loan/Capital
• Purchase return/Sales return
 vxj ryiV ds Dr i{k dk feyku Cr i{k ls ugha gksrk gS rks vUrj dh jkf'k
dks Suspense A/c ¼mparh [kkrk½ esa Transfer dj nsrs gSaA
If debit side total of trial balance do not agree with
credit side total of trial balance then difference will be
transferred in suspense account.
 Suspense A/c le; ij vafre [kkrs@foÙkh; fooj.k dks rS;kj djus esa
lgk;rk iznku djrk gS] Hkys gh ryiV dk feyku ugha gqvk gksA
Suspense account helps to make financial statement
on time, whether trial balance will not agree.
Note:- ryiV dks rS;kj djus dh dqy rhu fof/k;k¡ gSa&
There are three methods for preparation of trial balance.
(1) 'ks"k fof/k : bl fof/k ls rS;kj Trial Balance dks net Trial Balance
¼'kq) ryiV½ dgrs gSaA
Balance Method: With the help of this method we
prepare net trial balance.
(2) ;ksx fof/k: bl fof/k ls rS;kj ryiV dks ldy ryiV dgrs gSaA
Total Method: With the help of this method we prepare
gross trial balance.
(3) ;ksx rFkk 'ks"k fof/k
Total and Balance Method
Question Set
1. ryiV ,d fooj.ki= gS tks ----------- dks vFkok lHkh [kkrksa ds ----- dks izdV djrk gSA
(a) 'ks"kksa] ;ksxksa
(b) izkjafHkd 'ks"kksa] vafre 'ks"kksa
(c) [krkSuh fd;s x;s 'ks"kksa] 'ks"kksa dk ;ksx
(d) MsfcV 'ks"k] ØsfMV 'ks"k
Trial balance is a statement which shows the _______
or the _______ of all the accounts.
(a) Balance, Total
(b) Opening balances, Closing balances
(c) Posted balances, Total of balances
(d) Debit balance, Credit balance
2. ryiV cukuk ys[kkadu izfØ;k ds-------------esa vkrk gS
(a) izFke pj.k
(b) f}rh; pj.k
(c) r`rh; pj.k
(d) dksbZ ugha
Preparation of trial balance is the.................in the

accounting process
(a) First phase
(b) Second phase
(c) Third phase
(d) None
3. mpUrh [kkrk--------------------dks rS;kj djus dh lqfo/kk nsrk gS pkgs Hkys gh -------------u
feyk gks
(a) [kkrkcfg;ksa] ryiV
(b) foÙkh; fooj.ki=] ryiV
(c) ryiV] foÙkh; fooj.ki=
(d) tuZy] ryiV
A suspense account facilitates the preparation of ____

even when the ____ has not tailed.
(a) Ledgers, Trial balance
(b) Financial statements; Trial balance
(c) Trial balance, Financial statements
(d) Journal, Trial balance
4. ryiV ,d gS&
(a) fooj.k
(b) [kkrk
(c) lkjka'k
(d) [kkrk cgh
Trial Balance is a:
(a) Statement
(b) Account
(c) Summary
(d) Ledger
5. ryiV cuk;k tkrk gS%
(a) o"kZ ds var esa
(b) ,d fuf'pr fnu
(c) vof/k ds lekfIr ij
(d) a vkSj b nksuksa
Trial Balance is prepared on:

(a) End of the year
(b) A particular date
(c) For the period ending
(d) Both a and b
6. [kkrksa ds 'ks"k gLrkarfjr fd;s tkrs gSaA
(a) ryiV
(b) O;kikj [kkrk
(c) ykHk gkfu [kkrk
(d) vkfFkZd fpV~Bk
Balance of the Accounts are transferred to:

(a) Trial Balance
(b) Trading Account
(c) Profit & Loss Account
(d) Balance Sheet
7. ,d lwph ftlesa [kkrksa ds 'ks"k fn[kk;s tkrs gSa ;g tkuus ds fy, fd MsfcV dk
dqy 'ks"k ØsfMV ds 'ks"k ds cjkcj gS] bls dgrs gSa&
(a) vkfFkZd fpV~Bk
(b) Ms cqd
(c) jkstukepk
(d) ryiV
A list which contains balances of accounts to know

whether the debit and credit balances are matched.
(a) Balance Sheet
(b) Day Book
(c) Journal
(d) Trial Balance
8. fuEu esa ls dkSu ryiV rS;kj djus dh i)fr ugha gS\
(a) ntZ djuk
(b) leh{kkRed
(c) oxhZdj.k djuk
(d) O;k[;k djuk
Which of the following is not a process in the
preparation of a Trial Balance?
(a) Recording
(b) Summarizing
(c) Classifying
(d) Interpretation
9. [kkrk&cgh dh jpuk ds ckn] vxyk dk;Z gksrk gS%
(a) O;kikj [kkrs dh jpuk
(b) ryiV cukuk
(c) ykHk rFkk gkfu [kkrk
(d) dksbZ ugha
After the preparation of ledgers, the next step is the

preparation of:
(a) Trading accounts
(b) Trial balance
(c) Profit and loss account
10. ryiV dk feyku---------dk;Z dh 'kq)rk dk cks/k djkrk gSA
(a) fl)kar
(b) vadxf.krh;
(c) fyfidh;
(d) dksbZ ugha
Trial Balance creates.............accuracy.

(a) Principle
(b) Arithmetical
(c) Clerical
(d) None.
11. ryiV tkaprk gS&
(a) iqLrdksa dh vadxf.krh; 'kq)rk
(b) iqLrikyd dh bZekunkjh
(c) vfUre jgfr;k dk ewY;kadu
The trial balance checks

(a) Arithmetical accuracy of books
(b) The honesty of the book keeper
(c) The valuation of closing stock
12. ryiV tkaprk gS&
(a) vafre jgfr;s dk ewY;kadu
(b) lEifÙk;ksa dk ewY;kadu
(c) nkf;Roksa dk ewY;kadu
(d) [kkrk iqLrdksa dh vadxf.krh; 'kq)rk
The trial balance checks

(a) Valuation of closing stock
(b) Valuation of assets
(c) Valuation of liabilities
(d) Arithmetical accuracy of books of accounts
13. ryiV cuk;k tkrk gS%
(a) Hkwy dh v'kqf) <wa<us ds fy,
(b) lS)kafrd v'kqf) <wa<us ds fy,
(c) fyfidh; v'kqf) <wa<us ds fy,
(d) mi;qZDr lHkh
The Preparation of trial balance is for:

(a) Locating errors of complete commission
(b) Locating errors of principle
(c) Locating clerical errors
14. ryiV esa fuEu esa ls dkSu fojks/kkHklh gSaA
(a) jgfr;k vkSj vkgj.k
(b) [kjhn ,oa fcØh okilh
(c) HkkM+k vkarfjd ,oa cká
(d) O;kikj izkI; ,oa nkf;Ro
Which of the following in Trial Balance is contradictory

to each other?................
(a) Inventory and Drawings
(b) Sales and Purchase Return
(c) Carriage inward and outward
(d) Trade Receivable and Liability
15. ryiV rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) ;ksx fof/k ds vuqlkj
(b) 'ks"k fof/k ds vuqlkj
(c) ;ksx o 'ks"k nksuksa
(d) lHkh rhu
Trial Balance is prepared according to

(a) Total method
(b) Balance method
(c) Total and Balance both
(d) All the three
16. 'ks"k fof/k ds varxZr ryiV dks tkuk tkrk gS&
(a) ldy ryiV
(b) 'kq) ryiV
(c) lk/kkj.k ryiV
(d) lek;ksftr ryiV
Trial Balance under balance method is know as

(a) Gross Trial Balance
(b) Net Trial Balance
(c) Simple Trial Balance
(d) Adjusted Trial Balance
17. ryiV------------------'ks"kksa dk lekos'k djrk gS&
(a) dsoy okLrfod [kkrksa ds
(b) okLrfod rFkk vokLrfod [kkrksa ds
(c) O;fDrxr [kkrksa ds
(d) b o c nksuksa
A Trial Balance contains the balances of:

(a) Only real A/c
(b) Real A/c and Nominal A/c
(c) Personal A/c
18. ryiV ds nksuksa MsfcV ,oa ØsfMV i{k ds ;ksxksa dk vUrj gLrkarfjr fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) vUrj [kkrs esa
(c) fofo/k [kkrs esa
(d) mpUrh [kkrs esa
Difference of totals of both debit and credit side of the

trial balance is transferred to
(a) Difference account
(b) Trading account
(c) Miscellaneous account
(d) Suspense account
19. Hk.Mkjh dh ryiV 5,000 :- dk varj fn[kk jgk Fkk ¼MsfcV i{k vf/kd½A
tc ;g foØ; cgh dh tkap dh xbZ] rks ;g ik;k x;k fd ;ksx 2,000 :- ls
vf/kd gSaA foØ; cgh esa bldh v'kqf) djus ds i'pkr ryiV esa fdruk varj
gksxk\
(a) MsfcV i{k 7,000 :- ls vf/kd gksxk
(b) MsfcV i{k 5,000 :- ls vf/kd gksxk
(c) MsfcV i{k 3,000 :- ls vf/kd gksxk
(d) ØsfMV i{k 3,000 :- ls vf/kd gksxk
19. Bhandari's trial balance was showing difference of Rs.
5,000 (debit side exceeds). While checking of total
sales register, he found that the total is over cast by
Rs. 2000. After correction in sales register what would
be the difference.
(a) Debit side exceeds by Rs. 7,000
(b) Debit side exceeds by Rs. 5,000
(c) Debit side exceeds by Rs. 3,000
(d) Credit side exceeds by Rs. 3,000
20. ryiV rS;kj djus ds ckn ys[kkdkj ikrk gS fd MsfcV i{k dk ;ksx 1000 :-
ls de gSA ;g varj gksxk&
(a) mpUrh [kkrs esa ØsfMV
(b) mpUrh [kkrs MsfcV
(c) fdlh MsfcV 'ks"k [kkrs esa lek;ksftr
(d) fdlh ØsfMV 'ks"k [kkrs esa lek;ksftr
After preparing the trial balance the accountant finds
that the total of the debit side is short by Rs. 1,000.
This difference will be...........
(a) Credited to suspense account
(b) Debited to suspense account
(c) Adjusted to any of the debit balance account
(d) Adjusted to any of the credit balance account
21. QeZ es- , ch lh dk ys[kkdkj fuEufyf[kr ryiV dks feykus esa vl{ke gS&
Øekad [kkrk 'kh"kZd MsfcV ¼:-½ ØsfMV ¼:-½
1- foØ; 12,500
2- Ø; 10,000
3- fofo/k O;; 2,500
;ksx 10,000 15,000
ryiV esa mijksDr varj dk dkj.k gS&
(a) foØ; [kkrs dk xyr txg j[kk tkuk
(b) xyr ;ksx fd;k tkuk
(c) fofo/k O;; [kkrs dk xyr txg j[kk tkuk
(d) lHkh [kkrksa dk xyr txg j[kk tkuk
21. The accountant of the firm M/s ABC is unable to tally
the following trial balance.
S.No. Account heads Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.)
1- Sales 12,500
2- Purchases 10,000
3- Miscellaneous expenses 2,500
Total 10,000 15,000
The above difference in Trial balance is due to
(a) Wrong placing of sales account
(b) Incorrect totalling
(c) Wrong placing of miscellaneous expenses account
(d) Wrong placing of all accounts
22. ;fn ryiV esa vafre jgfr;k fn;k x;k gS rks bldk rkRi;Z gksrk gS%
(a) ;g izkjafHkd jgfr;s esa fu;fer fd;k tk pqdk gSA
(b) ;g foØ; [kkrs esa fu;fer fd;k tk pqdk gSA
(c) ;g Ø; [kkrs esa fu;fer fd;k tk pqdk gSA
(d) buesa dksbZ ugha
Closing stock in the trial balance implies that:

(a) It is already adjusted in the opening stock
(b) It is adjusted in Sales A/c
(c) It is adjusted in the Purchases A/c
(d) None of these
23. ryiV esa fn;k gqvk iwoZnÙk chek------------------esa fy[kk tkrk gSA
(a) O;kikj [kkrk
(b) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk
(c) vkfFkZd fpV~Bk
(d) dksbZ ugha
Prepaid insurance given in trial balance is recorded

in.......
(a) Trading account
(b) Profit & Loss account
(c) Balance sheet
24. ryiV esa vnÙk etnwjh------------------esa fy[kh tkrh gSaA
(a) O;kikj [kkrk
(b) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk
(c) vkfFkZd fpV~Bk
Outstanding wages in trial balance is recorded in.......

(a) Trading account
(b) Profit & Loss account
(c) Balance sheet
(d) None of three
25. ryiV fdl ckr dks ugha tkaprk\
(a) nkf;Ro dk ewY;kadu
(b) lEifÙk;ksa dk ewY;kadu
(c) nksuksa (a) o (b)
(d) iqLrdksa dh xf.krh; 'kq)rk
Trial balance does not check

(a) Valuation of liabilities
(b) Valuation of assets
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Arithmetical accuracy of books of accounts
26. eksgu us 10,000 :- udn rFkk 2,000 :- ds QuhZpj ds lkFk O;olk;
izkjEHk fd;kA 5,000 :- ds udn foØ; lfgr 50,000 :- dh fcØh gqbZA
10,000 :- dk foØ; o’kZ ds vUr esa vnÙk FkkA 10,000 :- ds udn Ø;
lfgr Ø; dh /kujkf”k 30,000 :- FkhA 15,000 :- ysunkjksa dks Hkqxrku
fd;s x;sA o’kZ ds nkSjku Hkqxrku fd;k x;k C;kt 19,000 :-A ryiV
dk ;ksx gksxk&
(a) 67,000 :-
(b) 70,000 :-
(c) 75,000 :-
(d) 80,000 :-
26. Mohan started business with Rs. 10,000 cash and Rs.
2,000 furniture. Sales amounted to Rs. 50,0000
including Rs. 5,000 cash sales. Rs. 10,000 sales were
outstanding at the end of the year. Purchase
amounted to Rs. 30,000 including Rs. 10,000 cash
purchase Rs. 15,000 has been paid to creditors.
Expenses paid during the year 19,000. Trial Balance
total will be
(a) Rs. 67,000
(b) Rs. 70,000
(c) Rs. 75,000
(d) Rs. 80,000
Answer Key
1 D 2 C 3 B 4 A 5 D
6 A 7 D 8 D 9 B 10 B
11 A 12 D 13 C 14 D 15 D
16 B 17 D 18 D 19 A 20 B
21 C 22 C 23 C 24 C 25 C
26 A
va'kksa dk fuxZeu] gj.k]
iqufuZxeu
(Issue, Forfeiture,
Reissue of Share)
(I).
(1) va”k vkosnu [kkrk (Share application A/c)
(2) va”k vkoaVu [kkrk (Share allotment A/c) izfrfuf/kRo O;fDrxr [kkrk
(3) va”k ;kpuk [kkrk (Share calls A/c) (Representative personal A/c)
(4) cdk;k ;kpuk [kkrk (Calls in arrear A/c)
(5) vfxze ;kpuk [kkrk (Calls advance A/c)
(II).
(Books of Account) (Financial Statement) (Section - 129)
Sec. 128
(Fomate) (Section - 129)
(Schedule-III)
(III).
(Capital Source) (Debt)
va”k va”k/kkjh ekfyd ykHkka”k YkkHkksa dk fu;kstu foÙk l`tu djus dk lcls
lLrk L=ksr
(Share Shareholder Owner Dividend Appropriation profit)
(Cheapest source of finance)
_.ki=
izfrHkwfr cktkj lerk iwokZf/kdkjh izfrHkwfr cktkj (Debenture)
(Bullish security market) (Equity) (Preference) (Bearish security market)
ysunkj erkf/kdkj ugha
(Creditor) (No voting right)
a h (Risk capital)
tksf[ke iwt fuf”pr@LFkk;h nj ls ykHkka”k
okLrfod Lokeh (Real owner) (Fixed rate dividend)
C;kt
erkf/kdkj (Voting right) iwt
a h dk “kks/ku (Fix Rate Interest)
ifjorZu”khy@vLFkk;h nj ls ykHkka”k (Redemption of Capital)
(Variable rate dividend)
ykHkksa ij izHkkj
(Charge on Profit)
(IV) vfHkxksiu deh'ku@gkehnkjh deh'ku (Underwriting Commission)
1. vfHkxksiu dEiuh rFkk foÙkh; laLFkku ds chp ,d vuqca/k gSA
Underwriting is an agreement between company and
financial institution.
2. blds varxZr foÙkh; laLFkku ¼vfHkxksid½ dEiuh ds IPO dk chek dj nsrs gSaA
As per this agreement financial institution
(underwriter) insured the IPO.
3. vfHkxksiu gksus ls dEiuh dks U;wure vfHknku 90% dh tksf[ke ls eqfDr fey
tkrh gSA vkSj IPO dk dksbZ Hkkx ;fn turk ugha [kjhnrh gS rks og Hkkx
vfHkxksid [kjhn ysrs gSaA
With the help of underwriting risk of minimum subscription
90% risk will be avoided and if there is any unsubscribe part
of IPO will be purchased by underwriter.
4. vfHkxksid viuh bu lsokvksa ds fy, dEiuh ls deh'ku izkIr djrk gSA
For underwriting services we have to pay underwriting
commission.
dEiuh vf/kfu;e esa nh xbZ deh'ku dh njsa vf/kdre gSa& va'kksa ij 5%,
_.ki=ksa ij 2.5% (Issue Price) dk
In companies act maximum commission rate will be on
share 5%, and on debenture 2.5% of issue price.
(V).
U;wure vkosnu dh jkf”k (Minimum Application Money)
dEiuh vf/kfu;e SEBI

(Company Act)
25%
5%
fuxZeu ewY;
(Issue Price)
vafdr ewY; dk
(Face value)
(VI). cdk;k ;kpuk / vof'k"V ;kpuk (Calls - in – Arrear)
1. ;g O;fDrxr izd`fr dk [kkrk gSA ¼izfrfuf/kRo O;fDrxr½
It is a personal nature account (representative personal)
2. bls ;kfpr iwath@ekaxh xbZ iwath Called-up-capital esa ls ?kVkdj fn[kk;k
tkrk gSA
It will be deducted from called up capital
3. lkj.kh F ds varxZr bl ij 10% okf"kZd dh nj ls C;kt olwyk tk ldrk gS]
c'krsZ vUrZfu;eksa esa izko/kku gksA
As per table F rate of interest will be 10% per annum
subject to provision in AOA
4. gj.k dh izfof"V esa cdk;k ;kpuk [kkrs dks Cr. fd;k tkrk gSA c'krsZ igys
Call-in-arrear dk [kkrk Dr. gks x;k gksA
In forfeiture entry calls in arrear account only be
credited if earlier it is opened and debited
5. Calls-in-Arrear rFkk Interest on Calls-in-Arrear ds izkIr u gksus
dh fLFkfr esa va'k dk gj.k fd;k tk ldrk gSA
Due to non receipt of calls in arrear and interest on
calls in arrear a company can forfeit the shares.
(VII). vfxze ;kpuk (Calls-in Advance )
1. ;g O;fDrxr izd`fr dk [kkrk gS ¼izfrfuf/kRo O;fDrxr½
It is a personal nature account (representative personal)
2. bls vafre [kkrs cukrs le; Current liability pkyw nkf;Ro 'kh"kZd esa
fn[kk;k tkrk gSA
At the time of making final account it will be disclosed
under current liability head
3. vxj fdlh ;kpuk dk Hkqxrku mlds ns; gksus ls igys gh dj fn;k tk;s rks bls
vfxze ;kpuk dgrs gSaA
It any call payment before due than it will be known as
calls in advance
4. vfxze ;kpuk dks C;kt izkIr djus dk vf/kdkj gSA ysfdu ykHkka'k izkIr djus dk
vf/kdkj ugha gSA
Interest on calls in advance may be paid as per AOA,
they have no dividend right on calls in advance
5. vfxze ;kpuk ij Table F ds varxZr 12% C;kt dk Hkqxrku fd;k tk ldrk
gS c'krsZ varZfu;eksa esa izko/kku gksA
As per table F rate of interest will be 12% per annum
subject to provision in AOA
(VIII). vf/kd`r@ukekafdr@vafdr@izkafdr@jftLVMZ iwath
(Authorised/Nominal/Registered Capital)
1. dEiuh ds ik"kZn lhekfu;e@laxe Kkiu i= ds iwath okD; esa fy[kh og
vf/kdre iwath ftlls T;knk dEiuh vius thou dky esa tkjh ugha dj ldrhA
mls vf/kd`r iwath dgrs gSaA ;g iwath fpV~Bs ds ;ksx dk Hkkx ugha curhA
That maximum capital which is given in capital clause
of MOA that can be maximum issued in life time of
company, not forming total part of balance sheet
(IX) pqdrk@iznÙk iwath (Paid up Capital)
1. ;kfpr iwath (Called up capital) = Called up capital - Calls-in
-Arrear = Paid up Capital
2. iznÙk iwath gh fpV~Bs ds ;ksx dk Hkkx curh gSA rFkk blh ij gh ykHkka'k dk
Hkqxrku fd;k tkrk gSA
Only paid up capital will forming part of balance sheet
total, we have to pay dividend on it.
(X). lafpr@jf{kr@vkjf{kr iwath (Reserved Capital)
1. u ekaxh x;h iwath dk og Hkkx tks dEiuh dsoy vius lekiu ds le; ekax
ldrh gSA mls lafpr iwath dgrs gSaA
That part of uncalled capital which can only be called
up at the time of liquidation
(XI). cksul 'ks;j (Bonus Share)
1. ykHkksa dk iwathdj.k djuk Bonus Share dgykrk gSA
Capitalisation of profit will be known as Bonus share
2. Bonus Share Equity Share holder dks fcuk ykxr ds fn;s tkrs
gSaA
Issued to equity shareholders without cost
3. Bonus Share ls B/s ds nkf;Ro i{k ij dksbZ QdZ ugha iM+rk gSA
There will be no effect on liability side total after bonus
issue
4. Bonus Share dk fuxZeu eq[;r% fuEu nks L=ksr ls fd;k tkrk gSA
Bonus share can be issued out of two sources
(a) Capital Redemption Reserve
(b) Securities Premium
(c) Capital reserve
(d) Free reserve
(XII). vf/kdkj va'k (Right Share)

1. tc dEiuh vius fo|eku va'k/kkfj;ksa dks va'kksa dk fuxZeu izpfyr cktkj ewY; ls
de ewY; ij izLrkfor djrh gS rks bls vf/kdkj va'k dgrs gSaA
When company issue its equity share to existing equity
shareholders at concessional price
(XIII). LosV bfDoVh va'k@dBksj Je lk/; lerk va'k (Sweat equity share)
1. ,sls deZpkjh ftuds ikl rduhdh n{krk gS mudks cuk;s j[kus ds fy, dEiuh
mUgsa LosV bfDoVh va'k tkjh djrh gSA
Issued to those employee which have technical know
how
2. tc izoZrdksa dks mudh lsokvksa ds cnys esa va'k tkjh fd;s tkrs gSa rks fuEu ys[kk
izfof"V gksrh gSA
When a company issue share to there promoter for
there valuable services then accounting entry will be
Goodwill A/c Dr.
To Share Capital
(XIV). izfrHkwfr izhfe;e (Securities Premium)
1. Sec. 52
2. iwathxr izkfIr (Capital Receipt)
3. tc dEiuh vius va'k dk fuxZeu vafdr ewY; ls vf/kd ij djrh gS rks vkf/kD;
jkf'k dks izfrHkwfr izhfe;e [kkrs esa Cr. fd;k tkrk gSA
Excess amount received above par value is known as
security premium and credited to security premium
account
4. izfrHkwfr izhfe;e dks B/S esa Reserve & Surplus esa fn[kk;k tkrk gSA
Disclosed under reserve and surplus head of balance
sheet
5. izfrHkwfr izhfe;e dh dksbZ vf/kdre jkf'k ugha gksrhA
There will be no upper limit for security premium, can
be any amount
6. iz'u esa lwpuk ds vHkko esa izhfe;e vkoaVu ds lkFk ekuk tkrk gSA
In absence of information assumed with allotment
7. gj.k dh izfof"V esa izfrHkwfr izhfe;e [kkrs dks Dr. dsoy mlh fLFkfr esa fd;k
tkrk gS tc izfrHkwfr izhfe;e izkIr ugha gqvkA
;fn izfrHkwfr izhfe;e izkIr gks pqdk gks rks gj.k dh izfof"V esa izfrHkwfr izhfe;e dks
'kkfey ugha fd;k tkrk gSA
In forfeiture entry security premium can only be
debited in case of non receipt
If amount of security premium received than can not be
included in forfeiture entry
8. izfrHkwfr izhfe;e dk mi;ksx dsoy 5 mís';ksa ds fy, fd;k tk ldrk gS&
Security premium can be used for following 5 purpose
(a) iw.kZ iznÙk cksul va'kksa dk fuekZ.k
To provide fully paid up Bonus Share
(b) izkjafHkd O;;ksa dk viys[ku
To written of preliminary expenses
(c) iwokZf/kdkjh va'kksa ds 'kks/ku ij izhfe;e dh O;oLFkk
To provide premium on redemption of preference share
(d) va'kks@
a _.ki=ksa ds fuxZeu ij Discount, Brokerage /Commission
dk viys[ku] fuxZeu dh gkfu dk viys[ku djus ds fy,
To provide loss on issue of share/debenture (Issues
expenses, Commission, Brokerage, Underwriting
Commission expenses)
(e) Buy Back gsrq
(XV). va'kksa dk cV~Vs ij fuxZeu (Discount on issue of share)
1. Sec. 53
2. iwathxr gkfu (Capital loss)
3. orZeku esa dksbZ Hkh dEiuh vius va'kksa dk fuxZeu cV~Vs ij ugha dj ldrh flok;
LosV bfDoVh va'k dsA
In new companies act, no company can issue share at
discount except sweat equity share
4. cV~Vs dh gkfu dks igys fofo/k O;; 'kh"kZd esa fn[kk;k tkrk FkkA ysfdu u;s
Company Act 2013 esa fofo/k O;; dk 'kh"kZd gVk fn;k x;k gSA vr% bls
vU; pkyw lEifr@vU; xSj pkyw lEifÙk esa fn[kk;k tkrk gSA
Loss on issue previously disclosed under miscellaneous
expenditure head but as per new company act 2013 it will
be disclosed as current assets/other non current assets in
balance sheet.
5. vxj dEiuh dks U;wure vfHknku 90% dh izkfIr ugha gksrh gS rks fuxZeu jí gks
tk;sxk vkSj vkosndksa dks jkf'k okfil ykSVkuh gksxh] ;fn bl izfØ;k esa nsjh gksrh
gS rks 15% dh nj ls foyEc dk C;kt Hkqxrku djuk iM+sxkA
In case of non receipt of minimum subscription, IPO
will be cancelled and we have to refund the application
money in case of delay we have to pay interest at 15%.
6. nks ;kpukvksa ds chp U;wure 1 ekg dk gksuk pkfg,A
Minimum interval between two calls will be one month.
(XVI). va'k dk gj.k@tCr (Forfeiture of share)
1. va'k gj.k djus dk vf/kdkj lapkyd e.My ds ikl gS c'krsZ vUrZfu;eksa esa
izko/kku gksA
Board of director have a write of forfeiture of share
subject to provision in AOA.
2. gj.k dk vFkZ fdlh 'krZ ds fo[k.Mu ij lekfIr dk vf/kxzg.k va'k dk gj.k
dgykrk gSA
Acquisition of property in case of breach of contract.
3. va'k ds iquZfueZu dks va'k dk foØ; dgrs gSaA
Reissue of share will be known as sale of share.
4. va'kksa ds iquZfuxZeu ij cV~Vs dh dksbZ vf/kdre lhek ugha gSA ftruk tCr [kkrs
esa /ku iM+k gS mruh lhek rd iquZfuxZeu ij cV~Vk fn;k tk ldrk gSA
There will be no upper limit on discount on reissue, it is
upto amount credited in share forfeiture account.
5. va'kksa ds iquZfuxZeu ij gksus okyk ykHk iwathxr izd`fr dk ykHk gksrk gSA ftls
Capital Reserve esa gLrkarfjr fd;k tkrk gSA
Profit on reissue will be known as capital profit and will
be transferred to capital reserve account.
Share capital A/c Dr.
To Share Allotment A/c
To I & II Call A/c
To Share Forfeiture A/c
Note:-
• gj.k dh izfof"V esa iwath [kkrk ;kfpr ewY; ls MsfcV gksxkA
Share capital account debited with called up value
• va'k vkcaVu [kkrk rFkk ;kpuk [kkrk cdk;k jkf'k ls ØsfMV gksxk] budh txg
oSdfYid :i ls cdk;k ;kpuk [kkrk Hkh ØsfMV gks ldrk gSA vxj igys ls
cdk;k ;kpuk [kkrk [kksyk gqvk gSA
Share allotment and share calls account will be
credited with unpaid amount we alternatively credit
calls in arrear account if this one is already opened.
• va'k gj.k dh izfof"V esa x.kuk ,d Share ij djsaxsA
In forfeiture entry we made calculation on one share
• bl gj.k dh izfof"V esa izfrHkwfr izhfe;e [kkrk rHkh Dr. gksxk tc og izkIr ugha
gqvk gS] ;fn izfrHkwfr izhfe;e izkIr gks x;k gS rks mls gj.k dh izfof"V esa 'kkfey
ugha djsaxsA
In forfeiture entry security premium can only be
debited in case of non receipt, If amount of security
premium received than can not be included in forfeiture
entry
dEiuh vf/kfu;e 2013 ls lacaf/kr fof'k"V izko/kku
Special provision new company Act, 2013
1. orZeku esa dEiuh ds foÙkh; fooj.k Vertical yEcor cusaxs] {kSfrt ughaA
At present financial statement of company will be
prepared vertically not horizontal
2. P&L A/c dk u;k uke Statement of P&L gks x;k gSA
New name of P&L account is statement of P&L
3. B/S ds lEifÙk i{k ls fofo/k O;; 'kh"kZd dks lekIr dj fn;k x;k gSA vc
lEifÙk i{k ij dsoy nks gh 'kh"kZd gSa&pkyw lEifÙk rFkk xSj pkyw lEifÙkA
Miscellaneous expenditure head removed from assets
side now there will be two head on assets side. current
assets and non current assets.
4. fofo/k O;; esa igys ykHk&gkfu [kkrs Dr. 'ks"k gkfu dks fn[kkrs Fks vc bls
Reserve & Surplus 'kh"kZd esa _.kkRed jkf'k ds :i esa iznf'kZr djsaxsA
Previously debit balance of P&L account will be
disclosed under miscellaneous expenditure head but
now it will be disclosed as a negative item in reserve
and surplus head.
5. egRoiw.kZ enksa dk izn'kZu (Disclosure of important items)
(i) Calls-in-advance
(ii) Interest accrued and due
(iii) Interest accrued but not due
(iv) Unclaimed dividend
(v) Proposed dividend
(vi) Provision for tax
• bu lHkh enksa dks pkyw nkf;Ro 'kh"kZd esa fn[kk;k tkrk gSA
These all items will be disclosed under current liability
head
• va'k gj.k@tCr [kkrs ds 'ks"k dks Share Capital 'kh"kZd esa fn[kk;k tkrk gSA
Shear forfeiture account balance will be disclosed
under share capital head.
va'kksa dk fuxZeu] gj.k ,oa iqufuZxZeu
Issue, Forfeiture, Reissue of Share
1. lafpr iwath dk vFkZ gS%

(a) vfHkizkfFkZr v;kfpr iwath dk ,d fgLlk
(b) lafpr ykHk
(c) iwath lap; dk fgLlk
(d) iwath 'kks/ku lap; dk ,d fgLlk
Reserve capital means:
(a) The part of subscribed uncalled capital
(b) Accumulated profits
(c) The part of Capital Reserve
(d) The part of Capital Redemption Reserve
2. dEiuh vf/kfu;e ds vuqlkj dEiuh ds va'kksa dk fuxZeu ugha dj ldrh ;fn
izkIr ugha gks tk;sA
(a) U;wure vfHknku
(b) vkoaVu jkf'k
(c) vkosnu jkf'k
(d) ekax jkf'k
As per the Companies Act, a company cannot issue
share unless _____ is received.
(a) Minimum subscription
(b) Allotment money
(c) Application money
(d) Call money
3. iwathxr lap; cuk;k tkrk gSA
(a) iwathxr ykHkksa ls
(b) vk;xr ykHkksa ls
(c) iwathxr izkfIr
(d) vk;xr izkfIr
Capital Reserve is created out of:

(a) Capital profit
(b) Revenue profit
(c) Capital Receipt
(d) Revenue Receipt
4. dEiuh ds lekiu ds le; ekaxh tkus okyh iwath dk Hkkx tkuk tkrk gSA
(a) vf/kd`r iwath
(b) ;kfpr iwath
(c) iwath lap;
(d) lafpr va'k iwath
The part of share capital which can be called up only

on the winding up of a company is called:
(a) Authorized Capital
(b) Called up Capital
(c) Capital Reserve
(d) Reserve Capital
5. îk"knZ lhek i=* ds iwath okD; esa fn[kkbZ xbZ iwath dh jkf'k gksxh%
(a) vf/kd`r iwath
(b) iathd`r iwath
(c) uke&ek= dh iwath
(d) mi;qZDr lHkh
The amount of capital that is mentioned in capital

clause is known as:
(a) Authorised Capital
(b) Registered Capital
(c) Nominal Capital
(d) All of these
6. lkekU;r;k ykHkka'k dk Hkqxrku------ds izfr'kr ds :i esa fd;k tkrk gSA
(a) vf/kd`r va'k&iwath
(b) 'kq) ykHk
(c) iznÙk iwath
(d) ;kfpr iwath
Dividends are usually paid as a percentage of _______

(a) Authorized share capital
(b) Net profit
(c) Paid-up capital
(d) Called-up capital
7. vfHkizkfFkZr iwath vkSj ;kfpr iwath ds chp D;k varj gS\
(a) cdk;k ;kpuk
(b) vfxze ;kpuk
(c) v;kfpr iwath
The difference between Subscribed Capital and Called-

up Capital is called:
(a) Calls-in-arrear
(b) Calls-in-advance
(c) Uncalled Capital
8. va'k ds fuxZeu ds igys fdl fooj.k i= dk fuxZeu fd;k tkrk gS\
(a) izfooj.k izi=
(b) ik"kZn lhek fu;e
(c) ik"kZn vUrfuZ;e
(d) mijksDr lHkh
Which statement is issued before the issue of shares?

(a) Prospectus
(b) Memorandum of Association
(c) Articles of Association
(d) All of these
9. iznÙk va'k iwath [kkstus ds fy, va'k iwath esa ls D;k ?kVk;k tk,xk%
(a) vfxze ;kpuk,a
(b) cdk;k ;kpuk,a
(c) va'k gj.k
(d) va'kksa ds fuxZeu ij cêk
Which of the following should be deducted from the

share capital to find out paid up capital of a Company?
(a) Calls-in-advance
(b) Calls-in-arrear
(c) Share forfeiture
(d) Discount on issue of shares
10. iwath dh vf/kdre ek=k tks ,d dEiuh tqVk ldrh gS] dgykrh gS&
(a) vf/kd`r iwath
(b) ;kfpr iwath
(c) fuxZfer iwath
(d) ekaxh xbZ iwath
The maximum amount of capital that a company can

raise is called
(a) Authorised capital
(b) Subscribed capital
(c) Issued capital
(d) Called-up capital
11. SEBI ds vuqlkj iwjs fuxZeu dk U;wure vfHknku fdruk gksuk pkfg,\
(a) 95%
(b) 90%
(c) 5%
(d) dksbZ ugha
The minimum subscription as prescribed by SEBI

against the entire issue is :
(a) 95%
(b) 90%
(c) 5%
(d) None
12. lerk va'k/kkjd daiuh ds ------------gksrs gSaA
(a) cSdlZ
(b) ysunkj
(c) nsunkj
(d) Lokeh
Equity shareholders are ____ of a company.

(a) Bankers
(b) Creditors
(c) Debtors
(d) Owners
13. vf/kdkj va'k fdldks fuxZfer fd;s tkrs gSaA
(a) izorZdksa dks mudh lsok ds fy,
(b) ifjorZuh; _.k i= ds /kkjd dks
(c) fo|eku va'k/kkjd dks
(d) ;s lHkh
Right shares are issued to:

(a) Promoters for the services
(b) Holders of convertible debentures
(c) Existing shareholders
14. dEiuh ds va'kksa dk fuxZeu fd;k tk ldrk gSA
(a) izhfe;e ij
(b) cês ij
(c) leewY; ij
(d) lHkh
Shares of a company can be issued at

(a) Premium
(b) Discount
(c) Par
(d) Any of these
15. Vh- fyfeVsM dk 40 izfr'kr izhfe;e ij 100 :- izfr 6,000 va'k tkjh djus
dk izLrko fd;k FkkA vkosnu jkf'k dh U;wure jde dEiuh vf/kfu;e ds
vuqlkj tks izR;sd va'k ij olwy dh tkuh gS=?
(a) 5.00 :- (b) 6.00 :-
(c) 7.00 : (d) 8.40 :-
T Ltd. Proposed to issue 6,000 equity shares of Rs. 100
each at a premium of 40% the minimum amount of
application money to be collected per share as per the
companies Act 1956=?
(a) Rs.5.00
(b) Rs.6.00
(c) Rs.7.00
(d) Rs. 8.40
16. lsch ds vuqlkj va'kksa ds fuxZeu ij vkosnu jkf'k----------ls de ugha gksuh pkfg,%
(a) va'kksa ds izkafdr ewY; dk 2.5%
(b) va'kksa ds fuxZeu ewY; dk 2.5%
(c) va'kksa ds izkafdr ewY; dk 25%
(d) va'kksa ds fuxZeu ewY; dk 25%
As per the SEBI guidelines, on issue of share, the

application money should not be less than
(a) 2.5% of the nominal value of share
(b) 2.5% of the issue price of shares
(c) 25.0% of the nominal value of shares
(d) 25.0% of the issue price of shares
17. vkfnR; fy- us vfHknku gsrq izR;sd 10 :- okys 50,000 lerk va'k fuxZfer
fd;sA turk }kjk 40,000 va'kksa dks 3 :- vkosnu /kujkf'k ds :i esa Hkqxrku
djds ys fy;k x;kA vkfnR; fy- }kjk turk dks vkoafVr va'kksa dh la[;k gksxhA
(a) 50,000 va'k (b) 40,000 va'k
(c) 30,000 va'k (d) 10,000 va'k
Aditya Ltd. Issued equity shares of 50,000 shares of

Rs. 10 each for subscription. 40,000 shares were
subscribed by the public by paying Rs. 3 as
application money. Number of shares allotted to public
by Aditya Ltd. will be
(a) 50,000 shares. (b) 40,000 shares.
(c) 30,000 shares. (d) 10,000 shares.
18. va'k vkoaVu [kkrk gS ,d%
(a) okLrfod [kkrk
(b) vokLrfod [kkrk
(c) O;fDrxr [kkrk
(d) dEiuh [kkrk
Share allotment account is a:

(a) Real account
(b) Nominal account
(c) Personal account
(d) Company account
19. va'kksa ds fuxZeu ij izkIr gksus okys izhfe;e dks vkfFkZd fpB~Bs dh fdl Js.kh ds
varxZr fn[kkrs gSa%
(a) lap; ,oa vkf/kD;
(b) pkyw nkf;Ro rFkk izko/kku
(c) va'k iwath
(d) lafnX/k nkf;Ro
Premium received on issue of shares are shown under

the head _____ In Balance sheet:
(a) Reserve and Surplus
(b) Current liabilities and Provisions
(c) Share Capital
(d) Contingent Liabilities
20. le ewY; ls Åij ,oa vfrfjDr izkIr ewY; fdl [kkrs esa tek djsaxs\
(a) va'k iwath [kkrk
(b) vfxze ;kpuk [kkrk
(c) izhfe;e [kkrk
(d) va'k gj.k [kkrk
The amount received over and above the par value is

credited to which account?
(a) Share Capital Account
(b) Calls- in advance Account
(c) Securities Premium Account
(d) Share Forfeiture Account
21. va'k izhfe;e mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS%
(a) [;kfr mRiUu gsrq
(b) iwokZf/kdkj va'kksa ds 'kks/ku ij izhfe;e
(c) iwathxr gkfu ds lekfIr gsrq
(d) ykHkka'k nsus gsrq
Share premium is utilized for this purpose:

(a) For raising goodwill
(b) For premium payable on redemption of preference
share
(c) For writing of capital losses.
(d) For paying dividend.
22. va'kksa ds fuxZeu ij izhfe;e--------------esa fy;k tkrk gSA
(a) ykHk&gkfu ds MsfcV i{k
(b) ykHk&gkfu fu;kstu ds [kkrs ds MsfcV i{k
(c) ykHk&gkfu ds ØsfMV i{k
(d) vkfFkZd fpV~Bs ds nkf;Ro i{k
Premium on issue of shares is recorded in

(a) Profit & Loss debit side
(b) Profit & Loss appropriation account Dr side
(c) Profit & Loss appropriation Cr side
(d) Balance Sheet liability side
23. va'k izhfe;e fy[kk tkrk gS&
(a) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk esa
(b) ykHk&gkfu fu;kstu [kkrk esa
(c) vkfFkZd fpV~Bk esa
(d) dksbZ ugha
Securities premium is recorded in

(a) Profit & Loss Account
(b) Profit & Loss Appropriation
(c) Balance Sheet
24. dEiuh vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 52 ds vuqlkj izfrHkwfr izhfe;e [kkrs esa jkf'k dks
fuEu mís'; ds fy, dke yk;k tk ldrk gSA
(a) iw.kZ iznÙk cksul va'kksa ds fuxZeu
(b) izkjafHkd O;;ksa ds viys[ku
(c) nksuksa a o b
(d) dksbZ ugha
According to Section 52 of the Companies Act, the
amount in the securities premium A/c can be used for
the purpose of
(a) Issue of fully paid bonus shares
(b) Writing off preliminary expenses
(c) Both (a) & (b)
25. dEiuh vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 52 ds vuqlkj izhfe;e [kkrs dks fdl mís'; ds fy,
ugha fy;k tk ldrk gS%
(a) iw.kZnÙk cksul va'kksa dk fuxZeu
(b) dEiuh ds gkfu;ksa dk viys[ku
(c) izkjafHkd O;;ksa dk viys[ku
(d) va'kksa ds fuxZeu ij nwjLFk deh'ku dk viys[ku
Accounting Section 52 of the Companies Act, the
amount in the Securities Premium A/c cannot be used
for the purpose of:
(a) Issues of fully paid bonus shares
(b) Writing off losses of the company
(c) Writing off preliminary expenses
(d) Writing off commission or discount on issues of
shares
26. vf/kdre jkf'k ftldks vafdr ewY; ds izfr'kr ds :i esa izhfe;e ds :i esa
olwy fd;k tk ldrk gS\
(a) 20%
(b) 30%
(c) 40%
(d) vlhfer
Maximum amount that can be collected as premium as
a percentage of face value = ?
(a) 20%
(b) 30%
(c) 40%
(d) Unlimited
27. bZ fy- us 14000 va'kksa ds vkosndksa dks 10,000 va'k vuqikr vk/kkj ij
vkoafVr fd;sA vkosnu ij ns; jkf'k 2 :- gSA ,Q us 420 va'kksa gsrq vkosnu
fd;k FkkA vkoafVr va'kksa dh la[;k rFkk ,Q }kjk ns; vkoaVu jkf'k ds lkis{k
lek;kstu gsrq vkxs ys tkbZ tkus okyh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 60 va'k( 120 :- (b) 340 va'k( 160 :-
(c) 320 va'k( 200 :- (d) 300 va'k( 240 :-
E Ltd. had allotted 10,000 shares to the applicants of
14,000 shares on pro rata basis. The amount payable
on application is Rs.2. F applied for 420 shares. The
number of shares allotted and the amount carried for
ward for adjustment against allotment money due from
F will be
(a) 60 shares; Rs.120 (b) 340 shares; Rs.160
(c) 320 shares; Rs.200 (d) 300 shares; Rs.240
28. áwt fy- us vkosnu ij 25 :-] vkoaVu ij 40 :- rFkk 'ks"k ds izFke ;kpuk esa
ns; izR;sd 15 :- izhfe;e ij izR;sd 100 :- okys 25,000 lerk va'k
fuxZfer fd;sA 75,000 lerk va'kksa ds fy, vkosnu izkIr gq, ijUrq dEiuh us
mUgsa ek= 25,000 va'k tkjh fd;sA vfrfjDr jkf'k dks vkxkeh ;kpukvksa gsrq
lek;kstu djus ds ckn okil dj fn;k x;kA 500 va'kksa ij vafre ;kpuk izkIr
ugha gq;h rFkk os mfpr lwpuk ds ckn vigfjr dj fy, x,A mijksDr leL;k
gS&
(a) vf/k&vfHknku dh
(b) vkuqikfrd vkoaVu dh
(c) va'kksa ds gj.k dh
(d) mijksDr lHkh
28. Huge Ltd. issued 25,000 equity shares of Rs.100 each
at a premium of Rs.15 each payable as Rs.25 on
application, Rs.40 on allotment and balance in the first
call. The applications were received for 75,000 equity
shares but the company issued to them only 25,000
shares, Excess money was refunded to them after
adjustment for further calls. Last call on 500 shares
were not received and were forfeited after due notice.
The above is the case of
(a) Over subscription.
(b) Pro-rata allotment.
(c) Forfeiture of shares.
29. ,d dEiuh 10,000 va'kksa dks vfHknku gsrq turk esa izLrkfor djrh gSaA dEiuh
12,000 va'kksa gsrq vkosnu i= izkIr djrh gSA ;fn va'k vkuqikfrd vk/kkj ij
vkoafVr fd;s tkrs gSa] rks 12,000 va'kksa ds vkosndksa dks vkoafVr gksus gSa&
(a) vkosfnr izR;sd 5 va'kksa gsrq 4 va'k
(b) vkosfnr izR;sd 3 va'kksa gsrq 2 va'k
(c) vkosfnr izR;sd 6 va'kksa gsrq 5 va'k
(d) vkosfnr izR;sd 4 va'kksa gsrq 3 va'k
29. A company offers to the public 10,000 shares for
subscription. The company receives application for
12,000 shares. If the shares are allotted on pro-rata
basis, then applicants for 12,000 shares are to be
allotted as
(a) 4 shares for every 5 shares applied.
(b) 2 shares for every 3 shares applied.
(c) 5 shares for every 6 shares applied.
(d) 3 shares for every 4 shares applied.
30. ,d dEiuh us 5,000 va'kksa ds fy, turk dh vkosnu dks vkeaf=r fd;kA va'kksa
ij vkosnu 6000 va'kksa dk izkIr gqvk] va'kksa dks vuqikfrd vk/kkj ij vkoaVu
fd;k x;k] ;fn ';ke us 180 va'kksa ds fy, vkosnu fd;k rks] mls fdrus va'kksa
dk vkoaVu feysxk\
(a) 180 (b) 200
(c) 150 (d) 175
A company Invited application for subscription of 5000
shares. The applications were received for 6000
shares. The shares were allotted on Pro-rata basis, If
applied for 180 shares. How many shares would be
allotted to him?
(a) 180 (b) 200
(c) 150 (d) 175
31. vks fyfeVsM us 20 izfr'kr izhfe;e ij 10 :- izfr ds 10,000 va'k tkjh fd;s
ftu ij 4 :- vkosnu ij ¼izhfe;e lfgr½] 5 :- vkcaVu ij rFkk 'ks"k izFke rFkk
vafre ;kpuk ij ns; gSA dEiuh us 15,000 va'kksa ds fy, vkosnu izkIr fd;k
rFkk vkcaVu vkuqikfrd fd;k x;kA P ftldks 3,000 va'k vkcafVr gq, Fks
vkcaVu jkf'k nsus esa vleFkZ jgkA izFke ;kpuk ds ckn mlds lHkh va'k tCr dj
fy;s x;sA tCr fd;s x;s va'kksa dks Q dks leewY; ij iqufuZxZfer dj fn;k
x;kA ;g ekurs gq, fd dksbZ vU; cSad ysunsu ugha gq, gSa] rks mijksDr ysunsuksa
dks fØ;kfUor gksus ds ckn dEiuh dk cSad 'ks"k =?
(a) 1,14,000 :-
(b) 1,32,000 :-
(c) 1,20,000 :-
(d) 1,00,000 :-
31. O Ltd. Issued 10,000 equity shares of Rs. 10 each at a
premium of 20% payable Rs. 4 on application (including
premium ), Rs. 5 on allotment and the balance on first
and final call. The company received applications for
15,000 shares and allotment was made pro-rata, P, to
whom 3,000 shares were allotted, failed to pay the
amount due on allotment. All his shares were forfeited
after the call was allotted, failed to pay the amount due on
allotment. All his shares were forfeited after the call was
made. The forfeited shares were reissued to Q at par.
Assuming that no other bank transactions took place, the
bank balance of the company after effect in the above
transactions?
(a) 1,14,000 (b) 1,32,000
(c) 1,20,000 (d) 1,00,000
32. vfxze :i ls izkIr ekaxksa dks fpV~Bs ds fdl 'kh"kZd esa iznf'kZr fd;k tkrk gS\
(a) vfrfjDr va'k iwath
(b) va'k iwath en esa vyx ls
(c) pkyw nkf;Ro
(d) LFkkbZ nkf;Ro
Calls in advance are shown under which head of the

Balance Sheet?
(a) Addition to Share Capital
(b) Separately under Head Share Capital
(c) Current Liability
(d) Fixed Liability
33. fcV~Vw fy- us izR;sd 10 :- okys 10,000 va'k turk esa fuxZfer fd;sA 2 :-
izfr va'k Hkqxrku djds 12,000 va'kksa gsrq vkosnu i= izkIr fd;s x;sA va'k
turk esa vkuqikfrd vk/kkj ij fuxZfer fd;s x;s gSa rFkk vfrfjDr /kujkf'k dks
vkoaVu ,oa vkxs dh ;kpukvksa esa mi;ksx fd;s tkus gsrq j[kk tkrk gSA fcV~Vw
3 :- izfr va'k dh /kujkf'k dk Hkqxrku djus esa vlQy jgh rFkk mfpr lwpuk
ds i'pkr mlds 1000 va'kksa dk vigj.k dj fy;k x;kA mlls dksbZ vU;
;kpuk,a ugha dh x;haA mldh vof'k"V ekax Fkh&
(a) 3000 :-
(b) 2800 :-
(c) 2600 :-
(d) 2400 :-
33. Bittu Ltd. issued 10,000 shares of Rs.10 each to public.
Applications were received for 12,000 shares by
paying Rs.2 per share. Shares were allotted on pro-rata
basis to the public and excess money was kept to be
used in allotment and further calls. Kittu failed to pay
the money of Rs.3 per share and her 1,000 shares were
forfeited after due notice. No further calls were made
to her. Her call in arrears was
(a) Rs. 3,000.
(b) Rs. 2,800.
(c) Rs. 2,600.
(d) Rs. 2,400.
34. -------------fudkyus ds fy,-----------ls vof'k"V ;kpuk jkf'k dks ?kVk;k tkrk gSA
(a) ;kfpr iwath] fuxZfer iwath
(b) fuxZfer iath] ;kfpr iwath
(c) ;kfpr iwath] iznÙk iwath
(d) iznÙk iwath] ;kfpr iwath
The amount of calls in arrear is deducted from______

to arrive at______.
(a) Issued capital, called up capital.
(b) Called up capital, issued capital.
(c) Paid up capital, called up capital.
(d) Called up capital, paid up capital.
35. ;fn dEiuh ,d fu;r le; ds varxZr va'kksa ij feyh vkf/kD; jkf'k dks okil
ugha dj ikrh gS rks mls---------izfr'kr C;kt nsuk iM+rk gSA
(a) 15% izfro"kZ
(b) 5% izfro"kZ
(c) 7% izfro"kZ
(d) 10% izfro"kZ
If a company is not able to refund the excess amount
of share within the reasonable time. The company will
give them Interest:
(a) 15% p.a
(b) 5% p.a
(c) 7% p.a
(d) 10% p.a.
36. tCr va'k [kkrs dks fpVBs esa fdl 'kh"kZd esa iznf'kZr fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) va'k iwath
(b) lap; ,oa vkf/kD;
(c) pkyw nkf;Ro
(d) vk;kstu
Balance in share forfeiture A/c is should in Balance

Sheet under:
(a) Share Capital A/c
(b) Reserves and Surplus A/c
(c) Current Liabilities
(d) Provisions
37. 4 :- izfr va'k vkoaVu /kujkf'k dks u nsus ds dkj.k fe- tkWu }kjk /kkfjr izR;sd
10 :- okys 2000 va'kksa dk dEiuh us vigj.k dj fy;kA izfr va'k ;kfpr
ewY; 9 :- FkkA vigj.k fd;s tkus ij va'k iwath esa MsfcV dh tkus okyh jkf'k
gksxhA
(a) 10,000 :- (b) 8,000 :-
(c) 2,000 :- (d) 18,000 :-
A company forfeited 2,000 shares of Rs.10 each (which
were issued at par) held by Mr. John for non-payment
of allotment money of Rs.4 per share. The called-up
value per share was Rs.9. On forfeiture, the amount
debited to share capital will be______.
(a) Rs. 10,000 (b) Rs. 8,000
(c) Rs. 2,000 (d) Rs. 18,000.
38. gj.k ds le; ij va'k iwath [kkrk MsfcV fdl jkf'k ls fd;k tkrk gS\
(a) vafdr ewY;
(b) ukeek= ewY;
(c) iznÙk&ewY;
(d) ;kfpr&ewY;
At the time of forfeiture, Share Capital Account is

debited with:
(a) Face Value
(b) Nominal Value
(c) Paid up Value
(d) Called up Value
39. ,d dEiuh us jkgqy ls 2 :- izfr va'k dh izFke ;kpuk jkf'k rFkk 3 :- izfr
va'k dh vafre ;kpuk jkf'k dh xSj&izkfIr ij Øe'k% 2000 :- ,oa 3000 :-
ls vof'k"V ;kpuk [kkrs dks MsfcV fd;kA mfpr lwpuk ds i'pkr~ izR;sd 10 :-
okys 1000 va'k jkgqy ls gfjr dj fy, x,A gj.k dh izfof"V ds le;
izFke ;kpuk [kkrs dks ØsfMV dh tkus okyh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 2000 :-
(b) 3000 :-
(c) dqN ugha
(d) 10,000 :-
39. A company on non-receipt of First Call money of Rs.2
per share and Final Call money of Rs.3 per share from
Rahul, debited Call-in-Arrears account by Rs. 2,000
and Rs.3,000 respectively. After due notice 1,000
Shares of Rs.10 each were forfeited from Rahul. The
amount to be credited to First Call Account at the time
of entry for forfeiture will be
(a) Rs.2.000.
(b) Rs.3,000.
(c) Nil.
(d) Rs. 10,000.
40. ,d dEiuh us 10 :- okys eksgu ds 2,000 va'kksa dks mlds }kjk 3 :- izfr dh
vkcaVu jkf'k u pqdk;s tkus ds dkj.k tCr dj fy;kA izfr va'k ;kfpr jkf'k
8 :- FkhA gj.k ij va'k iwath [kkrs esa MsfcV dh tkus okyh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 6,000 :- (b) 20,000 :-
(c) 10,000 :- (d) 16,000 :-
A company forfeited 2,000 shares Rs. 10 each held by
Mr. Mohan for non payment of allotment money of Rs.
3 per share. The called-up value per share was Rs. 8.
On forfeiture the amount debited to share capital will
be:
(a) Rs. 6,000
(b) Rs. 20,000
(c) Rs. 10,000
(d) Rs. 16,000
41. D;k gj.k fd;s x;s va'kksa dk iqufuZxZeu cês ij fd;k tk ldrk gS ;fn gka] rks
crk;sa fd vf/kdre cêk D;k gksxk\
(a) 5 izfr'kr
(b) 10 izfr'kr
(c) 15 izfr'kr
(d) dksbZ ugha
Can forfeited shares be reissued at a discount? If yes,

what is the allowable maximum discount
(a) 5%
(b) 10%
(c) 15%
(d) None
42. tsM dEiuh us 2 :- dh vafre ;kpuk u nsus ij 10 :- dh nj ds 100 va'kksa
dk gj.k dj fy;kA bu lHkh va'kksa dk 9 :- ij iqufuZxZeu dj fn;k x;kA iwath
lap; [kkrs esa fdruh jkf'k varfjr dh tk,xh%
(a) 700 :- (b) 800 :-
(c) 900 :- (d) 1,000 :-
Z & Co. forfeited 100 shares of Rs. 10 each for
non-payment of final call of Rs. 2 per shares. All
shares were re-issued at Rs. 9 per share. What amount
will be transferred to Capital Reserve A/c?
(a) Rs. 700
(b) Rs. 800
(c) Rs. 900
(d) Rs. 1000
43. ;fn 10 :- dh nj ds va'kksa dk gj.k dj fy;k x;k gks ftuesa 8 :- iznÙk gksa
rks ,sls va'kksa dk iqu%fuxZeu U;wure fdrus ewY; ij gksuk pkfg,\
(a) 10 :- izfr va'k
(b) 8 :- izfr va'k
(c) 5 :- izfr va'k
(d) 2 :- izfr va'k
If a share of Rs. 10 on which Rs. 8 has been paid up is
forfeited, it can be re-issued at the minimum price of:
(a) Rs. 10 per share
(b) Rs. 8 per share
(c) Rs. 5 per share
(d) Rs. 2 per share
44. gj.k fd;s x;s va'kksa dks iqufuZxZeu ds i'pkr gj.k [kkrs ds 'ks"k dks gLrkarfjr
fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) ykHk gkfu [kkrk
(b) va'k iwath [kkrk
(c) lkekU; lap; [kkrk
(d) iwath lap; [kkrk
The profit remaining after issue of forfeited shares, in

share forfeiture account will be transferred to
(a) Profit and Loss Account
(b) Share Capital Account
(c) General Reserve Account
(d) Capital Reserve Account
45. tknw fy- us 2000 va'kksa dk iqufuZxZeu fd;k] ftUgsa 3000 :- ls va'k vigj.k
[kkrs dks ØsfMV djds vigfjr dj fy;k x;k FkkA ;s va'k 9 :- izfr va'k ij
iqufuZxZfer fd;s x;sA iwath lap; [kkrs esa varfjr dh tkus okyh jkf'k gksxhA
(a) 3000 :- (b) 2000 :-
(c) 1000 :- (d) dqN ugha
Jadu Ltd. reissued 2,000 shares, which were forfeited
by crediting Share forfeiture account by Rs.3,000.
These shares were re-issued Rs. 9 per share. The
amount to be transferred to Capital Reserve account
will be
(a) Rs.3,000
(b) Rs.2,000
(c) Rs.1,000
(d) Nil
46. d`".kk ds izR;sd 10 :- okys 3000 va'k 5000 :- ds va'k gj.k [kkrs esa ØsfMV
djds gfjr fd;s x;s FksA buesa ls] 1800 va'kksa dks 9 :- izfr va'k gsrq jk/ks dks
iqufuZxZfer dj fn;k x;kA iwath lap; [kkrs esa gLrkarfjr dh tkus okyh /kujkf'k
gksxh&
(a) 3200 :- (b) 2000 :-
(c) 1800 :- (d) 1200 :-
3,000 shares of Rs. 10 each of Krishna were forfeited
by crediting Rs. 5,000 to share forfeiture account. Out
of these, 1,800 shares were re-issued to Radhe for Rs.
9 per share. The amount to be transferred to capital
reserve account will be
(a) Rs.3,200. (b) Rs.2,000.
(c) Rs.1,800. (d) Rs.1,200.
47. , fy- izR;sd 100 :- okys 10,000 lerk va'kksa dk fuxZeu djrh gS tks
fuEuor~ ns; gS&
vkosnu ,oa vkoaVu ij 50 :-
izFke ;kpuk ij 25 :-
f}rh; ,oa vafre ;kpuk ij 25 :-
400 va'kksa ds /kkj.kdrkZ lnL;ksa us f}rh; ;kpuk dk Hkqxrku ugha fd;k rFkk
va'kksa dk fof/kor vijg.k dj fy;k x;k] ftlesa ls 300 va'kksa ds va'k 80 :-
izfr va'k dh nj ij iw.kZnÙk ij iqufuZxZfer dj fn;s tkrs gSaA iwath lap; esa
varfjr jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 16,500 :-
(b) 16,000 :-
(c) 15,000 :-
(d) dksbZ ugha
47. A Ltd. makes an issue of 10,000 Equity shares of Rs.
100 each payable as follows:
On application and allotment Rs. 50
On First Call Rs. 25
On Second & Final Call Rs. 25
Members holding 400 shares did not pay the second
call and the shares are duly forfeited, 300 of which are
reissued on fully paid at Rs. 80 per share. Amount
transferred to Capital reserve will be_______.
(a) Rs. 16,500
(b) Rs. 16,000
(c) Rs. 15,000
48. iou fy- us fuEuor ns; 30,000 va'kksa gsrq vkosnui= vkeaf=r fd;s&
3 :- izfr va'k vkosnu ij
3 :- izfr va'k vkoaVu ij
2 :- izfr va'k izFke ;kpuk ij
2 :- izfr va'k vafre ;kpuk ij
v'kksd] ftls 500 va'k vkoafVr fd;s x;s Fks] nksuksa ;kpukvksa dk Hkqxrku ugha
dj ldkA mls va'kksa dk gj.k dj fy;k x;k rFkk 9 :- izfr va'k ij gfj dks
iqufuZxZfer dj fn;k x;kA iwath lap; esa varfjr jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 2000 :-
(b) 2500 :-
(c) 2800 :-
(d) 1500 :-
48. Pavan Ltd. invited application for 30,000 shares
payable as under:
Rs. 3 per share on application;
Rs. 3 per share on allotment;
Rs. 2 per share on First call;
Rs. 2 per share on final call;
Ashok, who had been allotted 500 shares failed to pay
both the calls. His shares were forfeited and re-issued
at Rs. 9 per share to Hari, as fully paid up. Amount
transferred to capital Reserve will be
(a) Rs. 2,000
(b) Rs. 2,500
(c) Rs. 2,800
(d) Rs. 1,500
49. vkyksd fy- us jke }kjk iw.kZ ;kfpr izR;sd 10 :- okys 300 va'kksa dks 3 :-
izfr va'k vkoaVu jkf'k rFkk 4 :- izfr va'k vafre ;kpuk jkf'k dh vns;rk ds
dkj.k vigfjr dj fy;kA bu va'kksa esa ls 250 va'kksa dks 2,000 :- ds dqy
Hkqxrku ij lksgu dks iqufuZxZfer dj fn;k x;kA iwath lap; [kkrs esa varfjr dh
tkus okyh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 250 :-
(b) 900 :-
(c) 600 :-
(d) dksbZ ugha
49. Alok Ltd. forfeited 300 shares of Rs. 10 each fully
called up held by Ram for non payment of allotment
money of Rs. 3 per share and final call money of Rs. 4
per share. Out of these shares 250 were reissued to
Sohan for a total payment of Rs. 2,000. Amount trans
ferred to capital reserve account will be
(a) Rs. 250
(b) Rs. 900
(c) Rs.600
(d) None
50. ohjsUnz fy- us jke dks fuxZfer fd;s x;s izR;sd 100 :- ¼60 :- ;kfpr½ okys
20 va'kksa dk gj.k dj fy;kA ftu ij 20 :- izfr va'k Hkqxrku fd;k x;k FkkA
lHkh vigfjr va'k ftu ij 60 :- nÙk Fks ';ke dks 45 :- izfr va'k ij tkjh
dj fn;s x;sA iwath lap; [kkrs dks varfjr /kujkf'k gksxh&
(a) 150 (b) 100
(c) 75 (d) 60
Virender Ltd. Forfeited 20 shares of Rs. 100 each (Rs.
60 called up) issued at par to Ramon which he had
paid Rs. 20 per share. Ali the forfeited shares were
reissued to Syam as Rs. 60 paid up for Rs. 45 per
share. Amount transferred to capital reserve will be.
(a) Rs. 150 (b) Rs. 100
(c) Rs. 75 (d) Rs. 60
51. Mh fy- us iw.kZ ;kfpr izR;sd 10 :- okys 800 va'k gfjr fd;s] ftu ij /kkjd
us dsoy 3 :- izfr va'k vkosnu pqdrk fd;k gSA buesa ls 500 va'k 11 :- izfr
va'k iw.kZnÙk ds :i esa iqufuZxZfer fd;s x;s gSaA iwath lap; esa varfjr /kujkf'k
gksxh&
(a) 1,500 :- ls (b) 1,800 :- ls
(c) 2,000 :- ls (d) dksbZ ugha
D Ltd, forfeited 800 shares of Rs. 10 each fully called
up, on which the holder has paid only application
money of Rs. 3 per share. Out of these 500 shares
were reissued as Rs. 11 per share fully paid up. Capital
Reserve will be credited by
(a) Rs. 1,500 (b) Rs. 1,800
(c) Rs. 2,000 (d) None
52. dEiuh ds lapkydksa us 1000 va'kksa dks gj.k fd;k tks fd izR;sd 10 :- dk Fkk
ftlesa ls 7.50 :- Hkqxrku dj fn;k x;k Fkk vkSj 2.50 :- dk Hkqxrku ugha
fd;k x;k FkkA buesa ls 700 va'kksa dk iqufuZxZeu fd;k 7 :- izfr va'k dh nj
ls iwath lap; esa fdruh jkf'k gLrkarfjr gksxh%
(a) 2500 :- (b) 3150 :-
(c) 3500 :- (d) 5400 :-
The directors of a company forfeited 1000 shares of
Rs. 10 each, Rs. 7.50 paid up, for non payment of final
call money of Rs. 2.50 per share , 700 of these shares
are re-issued @ Rs. 7/- per share. The amount
transferred to capital reserve A/c would be:
(a) Rs. 2,500 (b) Rs. 3,150
(c) Rs. 3,500 (d) Rs. 5,400
53. J fy- us 2000 va'kksa dk iqufuZxZeu fd;k ftudk gj.k fd;k x;k Fkk va'k gj.k
[kkrs esa 3000 :- ØsfMV djdsA bu va'kksa dk iqufuZxZeu 9 :- izfr va'k dh nj
ls fd;k x;k gSA iwath lap; [kkrs esa tkus okyh jkf'k gksxh%
(a) 3000 :- (b) 2000 :-
(c) 1000 :- (d) 'kwU;
J Ltd. reissued 2,000 shares which were forfeited by
crediting share forfeiture account by Rs. 3,000. These
shares were reissued at Rs. 9 Per share. The amount
transferred to Capital Reserve will be:
(a) Rs. 3,000
(b) Rs. 2,000
(c) Rs. 1,000
(d) NIL
54. ,d lwphc) dEiuh vksesxk fy- us vYQk fy- ls 7,50,000 :- ewY; dh
lEifÙk;ka izkIr dha rFkk 25 izfr'kr izhfe;e ij 100 :- izR;sd okys va'k tkjh
fd;sA Ø; izfrQy dk fuLrkj.k djus gsrq vksesxk fy- }kjk tkjh fd;s tkus okys
va'kksa dh la[;k gksxh&
(a) 6000 (b) 7500
(c) 9375 (d) 5625
Omega Ltd., a listed company, acquired assets worth
Rs. 7,50,000 from Alpha Ltd. and issues shares of Rs.
100 each at premium of 25%. The number of shares to
be issued by Omega Ltd. to settle the purchase
consideration will be
(a) 6,000 (b) 7,500
(c) 9,375 (d) 5,625
55. ,- yh- us 11,25,000 :- dh lEifÙk gkfly dh ftlds cnys esa mlus
100 :- dh nj ls lerk va'k 25% ds izhfe;e ds fy, ,- yh- fdrus lerk
va'kksa dk fuxZeu djsxkA
(a) 9,000 va'k (b) 11,500 va'k
(c) 14,063 va'k (d) 7500 va'k
A Ltd., acquired assets worth Rs. 11,25,000 from B.
Ltd., by issue of equity shares of Rs. 100 at premium of
25%. The number of shares to be issued by A Ltd., for
the purchases consideration:
(a) 9000 Shares
(b) 11250 shares
(c) 14063 shares
(d) 7500 shares
56. tc izorZdksa dks mudh lsokvksa ds fy, va'k tkjh fd;s tkrs gSa rks fdl [kkrs dks
MsfcV djsaxsA
(a) [;kfr
(b) izheh;e
(c) izorZd
(d) va'k iwath
When shares are issued to prom-others which account
is debited?
(a) Goodwill
(b) Premium
(c) Promoters
(d) Share Capital
57. tc lEifÙk;ksa ds Ø; gsrq va'k tkjh fd;s tk;sa rks-----------[kkrks dks ØsfMV djsaxsA
(a) foØsrk dk [kkrk
(b) fofo/k lEifÙk [kkrk
(c) va'k iwath [kkrk
(d) ykHk gkfu [kkrk
When shares are issued for purchase of as

sets,_______ should be credited.
(a) Vendor’s A/c
(b) Sundry Assets A/c
(c) Share Capital A/c
(d) Bank A/c
58. izorZdksa dks mudh lsokvksa ds fy, tkjh va'kksa ds fy,------------[kkrk MsfcV fd;k
tkrk gSA
(a) [;kfr [kkrk
(b) izorZu O;; [kkrk
(c) izorZdksa dk [kkrk
(d) lapkydksa dk [kkrk
For shares issued to promoters for their services,
account debited is
(a) Goodwill Account
(b) Promotion Expenses Account
(c) Promoters Account
(d) Directors Account
59. ;fn foØsrk dks 1,20,000 :- dh 'kq) lEifÙk ds cnys esa 1,00,000 :- ds
va'k fuxZfer fd, rks 20,000 :- dh 'ks"k jkf'k ØsfMV dh tk,xh-------------\
(a) [;kfr [kkrk esa
(b) iwath lap; [kkrk esa
(c) foØsrk [kkrk esa
(d) ykHk&gkfu [kkrk esa
If vendors are issued fully paid shares of Rs. 1,00,000
in consideration of net assets of Rs. 1,20,000, the
balance of Rs. 20,000 will be credited to:
(a) Goodwill account
(b) Capital Reserve account
(c) Vendor’s account
(d) Profit and Loss account
60. VkVk dE;wfuds'ku us 10 :- izfr ds 50,000 lerk va'kksa ds fy, vkosnu
vkeaf=r fd, rFkk 5 :- izfr dh vkosnu jkf'k ds lkFk 65,000 vkosnu izkIr
fd;sA fuEu esa ls dkSu&lk dFku lR; gS\
(a) vkf/kD; jkf'k dks fjQ.M djuk
(b) lHkh vkosndksa dks vkuqikfrd vkcaVu djuk rFkk vkf/kD; vkosnu jkf'k dks
fjQUM djukA
(c) lHkh vkosndksa dks vkuqikfrd vkcaVu djuk rFkk vkf/kD; izkIr jkf'k
dks ;kpuk jkf'k ds izfr lek;ksftr djukA
(d) mijksDr lHkh
60. Tata Communication invited applications for 50,000
equity shares of Rs. 10 each and received 65,000
applications along with application money of Rs. 5 per
share. Which of the following is correct
(a) Refund the excess application
(b) Make pro-rate allotment to all applicants, and
refund the excess application money
(c) Make pro-rate allotment to all applicants and adjust
the excess money received towards call money
61. tc dksbZ va'k/kkjh viuh bPNkuqlkj va'kksa dks daiuh dks okil dj nsrk gS rkfd
oks fujLr gks tk, rks blds dgrs gSa%
(a) va'kksa dk leiZ.k
(b) va'kksa dk gj.k
(c) va'kksa dk fujLrhdj.k
(d) va'kksa dk forj.k
Voluntary return of shares for cancellation by the

shareholders is called:
(a) Surrender of shares
(b) Forfeiture of share
(c) Cancellation of share
(d) Distribution of shares
62. fuEufyf[kr lwpuk,a ,Dl fy- ls lacaf/kr gSa&
;kfpr lerk va'kiwath 5,00,000 :-
vof'k"V ;kpuk 40,000 :-
vfxze ;kpuk 25,000 :-
ykHkka'k nj 15%
izLrkfor ykHkka'k dh jkf'k gksxh &
(a) 75000 :-
(b) 72750 :-
(c) 71250 :-
(d) 69000 :-
62. The following information pertains to X Ltd.:
Equity share capital called up Rs. 5,00,000
Calls in arrear Rs. 40,000
Calls in advance Rs. 25,000
Proposed dividend 15%
The amount of dividend payable will be
(a) Rs.75,000
(b) Rs.72,750
(c) Rs.71,250
(d) Rs.69,000
63. ykHkka'k lkekU;r% Hkqxrku fd;k tkrk gS%
(a) vf/kd`r iwath ij
(b) fuxZfer iawth ij
(c) ;kfpr iwath ij
(d) iznÙk iwath ij
Dividends are usually paid on:

(a) Authorised Capital
(c) Called-up-Capital
(b) Issued Capital
(d) Paid-up-Capital
64. fuEu esa ls dkSu va'kksa dk gj.k dj ldrk gS\
(a) funs'kd
(b) lnL;
(c) deZpkjh
(d) lHkh
Who can forfeiture the shares:

(a) Directors
(c) Employee
(b) Members
(d) All of these
65. va'kksa dk gj.k dsoy fuEu fLFkfr esa fd;k tk ldrk gS%
(a) ;kpuk jkf'k dk Hkqxrku u djus ij
(b) C;kt dh jkf'k dk Hkqxrku u djus ij
(c) a rFkk b nksuksa
(d) dksbZ ugha
Forfeiture of share can take place only or:

(a) Non payment of call money
(b) Non payment of interest there or
(c) Both (a) & (b)
(d) None of these
66. dEiuh ds fuxZeu izys[k ds varxZr dEiuh }kjk tkjh dh tkus okyh vf/kdre
va'kksa dh la[;k dgykrh gS%
(a) fuxZfer va'k iwath
(b) pqdrk va'k iwath
(c) vfHk;kfpr va'k iwath
(d) vf/kd`r va'k iwath
Maximum number of shares mention in companies
incorporation document is known as
(a) Issued share capital
(b) Pais up share capital
(c) Subscribed share capital
(d) Authorised share capital
ANSWER KEY
1 A 2 A 3 A 4 D 5 D
6 C 7 C 8 A 9 B 10 A
11 B 12 D 13 C 14 D 15 A
16 D 17 B 18 C 19 A 20 C
21 B 22 D 23 C 24 C 25 B
26 D 27 D 28 D 29 C 30 C
31 B 32 C 33 C 34 D 35 A
36 A 37 D 38 D 39 C 40 D
41 D 42 A 43 D 44 D 45 C
46 D 47 A 48 B 49 A 50 B
51 A 52 B 53 C 54 A 55 A
56 A 57 C 58 A 59 B 60 D
61 A 62 D 63 D 64 A 65 C
66 D
iwokZf/kdkj@vf/keku va'kksa dk
'kks/ku@foekspu
(Redemption of
Preference Share)
1. ifjiDork frfFk ij /ku okil ykSVkus dh izfØ;k dks iwokZf/kdkjh va'kksa dk
'kks/ku@foekspu dgrs gSaA
Repayment of capital at the time of maturity will be
known as redemption of preference share
2. iwokZf/kdkjh va'kksa ds 'kks/ku laca/kh izko/kku dEiuh vf/kfu;e 2013 dh /kkjk 55
esa fn;s x;s gSaA
Provision for redemption will be given in section 55 of
company act 2013
3. orZeku esa dksbZ Hkh dEiuh tks iwokZf/kdkjh va'kksa dk fuxZeu djrh gS mlds fy,
vfuok;Z gS fd og fuxZeu frfFk ls 20 o"kksaZ ds Hkhrj budk 'kks/ku djsA
At present a company have to redeem its preference
share within 20 years from the date of issue
4. dEiuh dsoy vius iw.kZiznÙk iwokZf/kdkjh va'kksa dk 'kks/ku dj ldrh gS ;kfu
vkaf'kd iznÙk va'kksa dk 'kks/ku ugha gks ldrkA
vxj va'k vkaf'kd iznÙk gS rks igys mUgsa vafre ;kpuk eaxkdj iw.kZ iznÙk djuk
pkfg,A
mnkgj.k& ekuk dEiuh ds ikl 100 va'k gSa ftuesa ls dsoy 1 va'k ij
cdk;k ;kpuk py jgh gSA ;kfu 99 'ks;j iw.kZ iznÙk gSa rks /;ku jgs fd 'kks/ku
dh O;oLFkk rks iwjs 100 va'kksa ds fy, gksxh ysfdu 'kks/ku@Hkqxrku dsoy 99
va'kksa dk gksxkA
vxj ;g eku ysa fd dEiuh us ,d va'k dks gj.k dj fy;k gS rks Hkh O;oLFkk
100 dh gksxh ysfdu 'kks/ku 99 dk gksxkA
only fully paid up preference share can be redeem,
partly paid up share can not be redeem
If there is partly paid up share then we convert it into
fully paid up share by calling final call
example- If we assume company have 100 share out of
this 99 share were fully paid up and 1 share is partly
paid up than arrangement for redemption will be for
100 share but redemption/repayment will be for 99
share.
If we assume that company forfeit 1 share in this case
also arrangement for redemption will be for 100 share
5. iwokZf/kdkjh va'kksa ds 'kks/ku ds fy, dks"k dh O;oLFkk gsrq eq[;r% nks L=ksr gSA
There will be two sources for fund arrangement
regards to redemption of preference share
(a) Out of Profit (b) Issue of New Share
ykHkksa esa ls eqDr lap;ksa esa ls foHkktu ;ksX; ykHkksa izhfe;e ij leewY; ij
Out of Profit Out of free res. esa ls At a premium At par
Out of distributable
profit
Available profit Not Available profit
(I) Credit balance of P&L A/c (I) Security premium

(ii) General reserve (ii) Sinking fund
(iii) Revenue reserve (iii) Capital reserve
(iv) Dividend equalistion fund (iv) Revaluation reserve
(v) Forfeited balance
(vi) Uncalled dividend
(vii) Profit prior to incorporation
Note:-
 tc dEiuh vius vafdr ewY; dh O;oLFkk miyC/k ykHkksa esa ls djrh gS rks mruh
jkf'k Capital Redemption Reserve (CRR) iwath 'kks/ku lap; esa
transfer gks tk;sxhA
When the company redeem its capital out of profit then
same amount will be transferred to capital redemption
reserve account.
 /;ku jgs fd ;fn vafdr ewY; dh O;oLFkk u;s va'kksa ds fuxZeu ls gqbZ gS rks
CRR ugha cusxkA
But in case of arrangement from share capital issue
there will be no CRR creation.
 bl CRR dks Balance Sheet esa Reserve & Surplus head esa fn
[kkrs gSaA
This CRR will be disclosed in balance sheet under re
serve and surplus head.
 bl CRR dk ,d ek= mi;ksx iw.kZ iznÙk Bonus va'kksa dk fuekZ.k gSA
CRR can only we used for fully paid up bonus share issue
 CRR cukus dk ,d ek= mís'; ysunkjksa] _.ki=/kkfj;ksa ds n`f"V ls rjyrk
cuk;s j[kuk gSA
The only purpose of making CRR is to maintain
liquidity for creditors and debentures.
 iwath dVkSrh dks jksduk gSA
It avoid reduction of capital.
vf/keku va'kksa dk 'kks/ku
Redemption of preference shares
1. ,d dEiuh--------ls vf/kd vof/k ds fy, 'kks/; vf/keku va'kksa dk foekspu ugha
dj ldrh gSA
(a) 5 o"kZ
(b) 10 o"kZ
(c) 15 o"kZ
(d) 20 o"kZ
A company cannot Issue redeemable preference
shares for a period exceeding
(a) 5 years
(b) 10 years
(c) 15 years
(d) 20 years
2. ,d dEiuh 'kks/kuh; iwokZf/kdkj va'kksa dks fuxZfer dj ldrh gS&
(a) leewY; ij
(b) izhfe;e ij
(c) dVkSrh ij
(d) lHkh rhu
A company can Issue redeemable preference shares

(a) At par
(b) At premium
(c) At discount
(d) All of the three
3. 60,000 vf/keku va'k 10 :- izfr iw.kZr% ;kfpr gSA ysfdu 2 :- izfr va'k dh
nj ls 4000 :- dh va'kksa ij ;kpuk ckdh gSA dEiuh orZeku esa-------------va'kksa
dk foekspu dj ldrh gSA
(a) 60,000 va'k
(b) 56,000 va'k
(c) 58,000 va'k
(d) dksbZ ugha
There are 60000 preference share of Rs. 10 each fully
called up. Gut there are call in arrears of Rs. 4,000 @
Rs. 2 per share. Company can redeem at present
(a) 60000 shares
(b) 56,000 shares
(c) 58,000 shares
4. iwokZf/kdkj va'kksa dk 'kks/ku fd;k tk ldrk gSA
(a) dsoy ;fn os iw.kZ nÙk gks
(b) pkgs os vkaf'kd gks
(c) U;k;ky; dh vuqefr ysus ds ckn
(d) mijksDr lHkh
Preference shares can be redeemed:

(a) Only if they are fully paid
(b) Even if they are partly paid up
(c) After getting the permission from the court only
5. vadq'k fy- us iw.kZ pqdrk] izR;sd 100 :- okys 10,000, 10 izfr'kr 'kks/;
iwokZf/kdkj va'k tkjh fd;s FksA dEiuh us iw.kZ pqdrk ds :i esa 2 :- izfr va'k ds
izhfe;e ij izR;sd 10 :- okys lerk va'kksa ds i;kZIr la[;k esa fuxZfer }kjk
vafdr ewY; ij bu iwokZf/kdkj va'kksa dk 'kks/ku djus dk fu.kZ; fy;kA iwath
'kks/ku lap; [kkrs dks varfjr dh tkus okyh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 10,00,000 :-
(b) 12,00,000 :-
(c) 8,00,000 :-
(d) dqN ugha
5. Ankush Ltd. had issued 10,000, 10% Redeemable
Preference Shares of Rs.100 each, fully paid up. The
company decided to redeem these preference shares
at par, by issue of sufficient number of equity shares
of Rs. 10 each at a premium of Rs.2 per share as fully
paid up. The amount to be transferred to capital
redemption reserve account will be
(a) Rs. 10,00,000.
(b) Rs. 12,00,000.
(c) Rs. 8,00,000.
(d) Nil.
6. ;fn va'kksa dk fuxZeu leewY; ls Åij fd;k tkrk gS rks leewY; ds Åij dh
jkf'k dks ØsfMV fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) izfrHkwfr izhfe;e [kkrk
(b) cV~Vk [kkrk
(c) tCr va'k [kkrk
(d) dksbZ Hkh ugha
Incase of Issue of shares, amount received above per

value Is credited to which account?
(a) Security Premium A/c
(b) Discount A/c
(c) Share Forfeiture A/c
(d) None of these
7. dEiuh vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 52 ds vuqlkj] izfrHkwfr izhfe;e [kkrs esa jkf'k dks
fuEu mís'; gsrq dke ugha yk;k tk ldrk gS%
(a) iw.kZ iznÙk cksul va'kksa ds fuxZeu
(b) dEifu;ksa dh gkfu ds viys[ku
(c) izkjafHkd O;;ksa ds viys[ku
(d) va'kksa ds fuxZeu ij cV~Vk ;k deh'ku ;k viys[ku
According to section 52 of the Companies Act, the
amount in the Securities Premium A/c cannot be used
for the purpose of:
(a) Issue of fully paid bonus shares
(b) Writing off losses of the company
(c) Writing off preliminary expenses
(d) Writing off commission or discount on issue of
share
8. va'k izhfe;e dks-----------ds fy, dke ugha yk;k tk ldrkA
(a) cksul va'k tkjh djus ds fy,
(b) vf/keku va'kksa ds foekspu ds fy,
(c) izkjafHkd O;;ksa ds viys[ku ds fy,
(d) va'kksa ds fuxZeu ij cV~Vs ds viys[ku gsrq
Securities premium cannot be used to_________

(a) Issue bonus shares
(b) Redeem preference shares
(c) Write-off-preliminary expenses
(d) Write-off discount on issue of shares
9. fuEu esa ls fdu [kkrksa dks iwath lap; [kkrs esa varfjr fd;k tk ldrk gS\
(a) lkekU; lap; [kkrk
(b) gj.k va'k [kkrk
(c) lekesyu iwoZ ykHk
(d) va'k izhfe;e [kkrk
Which of the following accounts can be used for

transfer to capital redemption reserve account?
(a) General reserve account
(b) Forfeited shares account
(c) Profit prior to incorporation
(d) Securities premium account
10. fuEu esa ls fdls iwath 'kks/ku lap; [kkrs ds l`tu ds mís'; gsrq dke yk;k tk
ldrk gS\
(a) ykHk gkfu [kkrk ¼ØSfMV 'ks"k½
(b) lkekU; lap; [kkrk
(c) ykHkka'k lekuhdj.k lap; [kkrk
(d) mijksDr lHkh
Which of the following cannot be used for the purpose

of creation of capital redemption reserve account?
(a) Profit and loss account (credit balance)
(b) General reserve account
(c) Dividend equalization fund account
11. ,l- fy- us vafdr ewY; ij izR;sd 100 :- okys 2000, 10 izfr'kr iwokZf/kdkj
va'kksa dk fuxZeu fd;k] tks 10 izfr'kr izhfe;e ij 'kks/kuh; gSA 'kks/ku ds
mís'; ls dEiuh us izfr va'k 20 izfr'kr izhfe;e ij izR;sd 100 :- okys
1500 lerk va'kksa dks fuxZfer fd;kA iwokZf/kdkj va'kksa ds 'kks/ku ds le;]
dEiuh }kjk iwath 'kks/ku lap; [kkrs esa varfjr dh tkus okyh /kujkf'k gksxhA
(a) 50,000 :-
(b) 40,000 :-
(c) 2,00,000 :-
(d) 2,20,000 :-
11. S Ltd. Issued 2,000, 10% Preference shares of Rs.100
each at par, which are redeemable at a premium of
10%. For the purpose of redemption, the company
issued 1,500 Equity Shares of Rs.100 each at a
premium of 20% per share. At the time of redemption
of Preference Shares, the amount to be transferred by
the company to the Capital Redemption Reserve
Account will be
(a) Rs. 50,000
(b) Rs. 40,000
(c) Rs. 2,00,000
(d) Rs. 2,20,000
12. 1,00,000 :- dh /kujkf'k ds iwokZf/kdkj va'kksa dk 10 izfr'kr izhfe;e ij
50,000 :- /kujkf'k ds va'kksa dk fuxZeu djds 5 izfr'kr izhfe;e ij 'kks/ku
fd;k x;kA iwath 'kks/ku lap; [kkrs dks varfjr dh tkus okyh /kujkf'k gksxh&
(a) 55,000 :- (b) 50,000 :-
(c) 45,000 :- (d) 57,500 :-
Preference shares amounting to Rs.1,00,000 are
redeemed at a premium of 5% by issue of shares
amounting to Rs.50,000 at a premium of 10%. The
amount to be transferred to capital redemption
(a) Rs. 55,000.
(b) Rs. 50,000.
(c) Rs. 45,000.
(d) Rs. 57,500.
13. “kks/kuh; iwokZf/kdkjh va”k dk “kks/ku fuEu esa ls fdl L=ksr ds ek/;e ls fd;k
tk ldrk gS\
(a) fuos”k ds foØ; ls izkIr olwyh ls
(b) u;s va”kksa ds fuxZeu ls
(c) izfrHkwfr izhfe;e [kkrs ls
(d) _.ki=ksa ds fuxZeu dh izkfIr ls
13. Redeemable Preference shares can be redeemed out

of:
(a) The sale proceeds of investments
(b) The proceeds of a fresh issue of shares
(c) Securities premium account
(d) The proceeds of issue of debentures
14. 5,00,000 :i;s ds vf/keku va'kksa dk 'kks/ku 2000 lerk va'kksa dk fuxZeu
djds 100 izfr va'k fuxZfer ewY; 125 izfr va'k fdruh jkf'k lh-vkj-vkj- esa
gLrkarfjr dh tk;sxhA
(a) 3,00,000
(b) 2,50,000
(c) 2,00,000
(d) 5,00,000
Rs. 5,00,000 preference shares are to be redeemed by
issue of 2,000 Equity Shares @ 100 Rs. Each for Rs.
125 each, then CRR is to be created by what amount?
(a) 3,00,000
(b) 2,50,000
(c) 2,00,000
(d) 5,00,000
15. fjp fy- ds ikl iw.kZnÙk izR;sd 100 :- okys 3,000, 12% 'kks/; iwokZf/kdkj
va'k FksA dEiuh us leewY; ij izR;sd 10 :- okys 25,000 lerk va'k rFkk
izR;sd 100 :- okys 1,000, 14% _.ki= tkjh fd;sA lHkh /kujkf'k;ka
iw.kZ:is.k izkIr gks x;haA iw.kZ:is.k Hkqxrku dj fn;k x;kA iwath 'kks/ku lap;
[kkrs dks varfjr gksus okyh jkf'k gSa&
(a) dqN ugha
(b) 2,00,000 :-
(c) 3,00,000 :-
(d) 50,000 :-
15. Rich Ltd. had 3,000, 12% Redeemable preference
shares of Rs. 100 each, fully paid-up. The company
issued 25,000 equity shares of Rs.10 each at par and
1,000 14% debentures of Rs. 100 each. All amounts
were received in full. The payment was made in full.
The amount to be transferred to Capital Redemption
Reserve Account is
(a) Nil.
(b) Rs.2,00,000.
(c) Rs.3,00,000.
(d) Rs.50,000.
16. 10% ds izhfe;e ij 1,00,000 :- dh jkf'k ds va'kksa ds fuxZeu }kjk 5%
izhfe;e ij 2,00,000 :- ds vf/keku va'kksa dks pqdk;k tkuk gS rks iwath
'kks/ku lap; [kkrs dh varfjr jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 1,05,000 (b) 1,00,000
(c) 2,00,000 (d) 1,11,000
Preference shares amounting to Rs. 2,00,000 are
redeemed at a premium of 5% by issued equity shares
amounting to Rs. 1,00,000 at a premium of 10% the
amount to be transferred to capital redemption
(a) Rs. 1,05,000
(b) Rs. 1,00,000
(c) Rs. 2,00,000
(d) Rs. 1,11,000
17. 3,00,000 :- ds vf/keku va'kksa dk leewY; ij foekspu fd;k x;k ftlds
fy, 1,20,000 :- ds u;s lerk va'kksa dks 20 izfr'kr izhfe;e ij tkjh
fd;k x;kA iwath 'kks/ku lap; [kkrs esa fdruh jkf'k varfjr dh tkuh pkfg,\
(a) 60,000 :- (b) 24,000 :-
(c) 36,000 :- (d) 1,80,000 :-
Preference shares of Rs. 3,00,000 are redeemed at par
for which fresh equity shares of Rs. 1,20,000 are
issued at 20% premium. What amount should be
transferred to capital redemption reserve account?
(a) Rs.60,000
(b) Rs.24,000
(c) Rs. 36,000
(d) Rs. 1,80,000
18. 50,000 :- jkf'k ds vf/keku va'kksa dks 5 izfr'kr izhfe;e ij pqdk;k tkrk gS]
25,000 :- ds lerk va'kksa dk 10 izfr'kr izhfe;e ij tkjh djdsA iwath
'kks/ku lap; [kkrs esa LFkkukarfjr dh tkus okyh jkf'k gS--------
(a) 75,000 :- (b) 25,000 :-
(c) 10,000 :- (d) 50,000 :-
Preference shares amounting Rs. 50,000 are
redeemed at a premium of 5% by issue of equity
shares amounting to Rs. 25,000 at a premium of 10%.
The amount to be transferred to capital redemption
reserve
(a) Rs. 75,000
(b) Rs. 25,000
(c) Rs. 10,000
(d) Rs. 50,000
19. 75,000 :- ds vf/keku va'kksa dk 10% izhfe;e ij 40,000 :- ds lerk
va'k tkjh djds 5% ds izhfe;e ij foekspu fd;k x;kA iwath 'kks/ku lap;
[kkrs dks varfjr dh tkus okyh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 35,000 (b) 36,750
(c) 38,500 (d) 1,15,000
Preference shares amounting to Rs. 75,000 are
redeemed at a premium of 5% by Issue of equity
shares amounting to Rs 40,000 at a premium of 10%.
The amount to be transferred to capital redemption
(a) Rs. 35,000
(b) Rs. 36,750
(c) Rs. 38,500
(d) Rs. 1,15,000
20. fuEu esa ls dkSulk dFku vlR; gS\
(a) dEiuh vius iwokZf/kdkj va”kksa dk “kks/ku dj ldrh gSA
(b) iwokZf/kdkjh va”k/kkjd dEiuh ds ysunkj gksrs gSaA
(c) v;kfpr iwath dk og Hkkx tks dsoy lekiu ds le; ekaxk tk ldrk gSA
mls lafpr iwath dgrs gSaA
(d) iwath “kks/ku lap; [kkrs dk mi;ksx iw.kZ iznÙk cksul va”k ds fuekZ.k ds fy,
gksrk gSA
Which of the following statements is false?
(a) A company can redeem its preference shares
(b) Preference shareholders are creditors of a company
(c) The part of the uncalled capital which can be called
up only in the event of liquidation of a company is
called reserve capital
(d) Capital redemption reserve can be utilized for issuing
fully paid bonus shares
21. fuEu esa ls fdls iwath “kks/ku lap; ds fuekZ.k gsrq dke esa ugha yk;k tk ldrk
(a) ykHk&gkfu [kkrs dk ØsfMV “ks’k
(b) lkekU; lap; [kkrk
(c) ykHkka”k lekuhdj.k lap;
(d) v;kfpr ykHkka”k [kkrk
21. Which of the following cannot be used for the purpose

of creation of capital redemption reserve account?
(a) Profit and loss account (credit balance)
(b) General reserve account
(c) Divided equalization reserve account
(d) Unclaimed dividends account
22. o"kZ 2005-2006 ds nkSjku] Vh fyfeVsM us 20,000, 12 izfr'kr vf/keku
va'k] 10 :- izfr 5 izfr'kr izhfe;e ij tkjh fd;s tks 4 o"kZ ckn leewY; ij
foekspu ;ksX; FksA o"kZ 2010-2011 ds nkSjku] pwafd dEiuh ds ikl i;kZIr
jksdM+h lalk/ku ugha Fks vf/keku va'kksa ds foekspu gsrq] mlus 10,000, 14
izfr'kr _.ki= 10 izfr'kr izhfe;e ij 10 :- izfr ds tkjh fd;sA 12
izfr'kr vf/keku va'kksa ds foekspu ds le; ij iwath 'kks/ku lap; dks varfjr dh
tkus okyh jkf'k =?
(a) 90,000 :-
(b) 1,00,000 :-
(c) 2,00,000 :-
(d) 1,10,000 :-
22. During the year 2005-06, T Ltd. issued 20,000, 12%
Preference shares of Rs. 10 each at a premium of 5%,
which are redeemable after 4 years at par. During the
year 2010-2011, as the company did not have
sufficient cash resources to redeem the preference
shares, it issued 10,000, 14% debentures of Re. 10
each at a premium of 10%.At the time of redemption of
12% preference shares, the amount to be transferred
to capital redemption reserve =?
(a) Rs. 90,000
(b) Rs. 1,00,000
(c) Rs. 2,00,000
(d) Rs. 1,10,000
23. iwath “kks/ku lap; [kkrs dks fuekZ.k djus dk mís”; gS&
(a) iwath dks v{kq..k cuk;s j[kuk
(b) ysunkjksa ds fgrksa dks lqjf{kr j[kuk
(c) mijksDr nksuksa
The capital redemption reserve is created for the
following reasons:
(a) To maintain the capital intact
(b) To safeguard the interest company’s creditors
(c) Both of the above
ANSWER KEY
1 D 2 D 3 C 4 A 5 D
6 A 7 B 8 B 9 A 10 D
11 A 12 B 13 B 14 A 15 D
16 B 17 D 18 B 19 A 20 B
21 D 22 C 23 C
RECTIFICATION
OF ERRORS
 Rectification entries are passed in Journal proper
Note:- Trial balance is to be prepared for locating clerical

errors
Note:- These errors do not effect the Agreement of Trial
balance
(1) Error of principal
(2) Compensating errors
Note:- Generally commission errors effect the agreement
of trial balance
Note:-
• In accounting there are 3 types of account
• If error happens in same nature of account then it
will be known as error of commission.
Example.
P To P 1. Personal Account
R To R 2. Real Account
N To N 3. Nominal Account
 It error happens in one nature account to another nature
account then this error will known as principal error.
Note:- Format of Trading Account
To Opening Stock  By Purchase return 

To Purchase  By Sales 
To Sales return  By C. Stock 
Note:- If in accounting instead of debit we credit and in

stead of credit we debit an account them this will
be error of commission and it will have twice effect.
Error of principal
 Do not effect on agreement of trial balance.
 Error happens in one nature account to another nature
of account.
 Treating capital expenditure wrongly as revenue
expense or vice-versa.
 Purchase of goods recorded as asset and purchase of
fixed asset recorded as goods purchase.
 Contravention of double entry rules.
 Contravention of accounting principle.
 Contravention of fundamental accounting assumptions.
Error of Ommission
(1) Full omission
 If any transaction completely or partially omitted to be
recorded in primary books/books of original entry and
this error will be known as full ommission.
 No debit and no credit happen hence no effect on trial
balance.
 Suspense account will not be opened.
Example: Goods sold to ram and omitted to be recorded
in Journal/Sale book.
(2) Partial Ommission
 It is one sided error
 Trial balance will not agree
 We have to Open suspense account
 After recording a transaction in journal we have to
posted in ledger, is we posted correctly in one
account and ommitted to posted in another account
then this will be known as partial ommission.
(3) Error of Commission
 Wrong recording in primary books
 Wrong totalling of subsidiary books
 Wrong Balancing of an account
 Balance wrongly carry forwarded from one page to
another page
 Posting error – (i) with wrong amount, (ii) in wrong side
 Generally error of commission effects the agreement
of trial balance
(4) Compensating Error
 Effect of one error compensated by other error.
 Do not effect on the agreement of trial balance.
Note : If any account wrongly debited with higher amount
then for rectification it will be credited with higher
amount and vice-versa
For Example : We debit purchase account wrongly by
Rs. 110. instead of Rs. 100 then it will be credited by Rs.
10 in rectification
Note : If we made rectification after making final account/
in next year then for rectification we use P&L
adjustment account generally
v'kqf¼ lq/kkj dk ys[kk lcls igys eq[; tuZy/Journal Proper/jkstukepk dh tkrh gSA
v'kqf¼ dk oxhZdj.k
lS¼kafrd v'kqf¼ fyihdh; v'kqf¼
Hkwy@yksi fglkc {kfriwjd

xf.krh;@ys[k
foHkzekRed@=qfViw.kZ@ys[k
Note :- ryiV dk fuekZ.k fyihdh; v'kqf¼;ksa dks <wa<us ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA
Note :- fuEu nks v'kqf¼;k¡ vxj gks Hkh tkrh gSa rks Hkh riyV dk feyku gks tkrk gS
;kuh ;g ryiV dks izHkkfor ugha djrh gSA
1. lS¼kafrd v'kqf¼ 2. {kfriwjd v'kqf¼
Note :- lk/kkj.kr;k fglkc dh v'kqf¼;k¡ ryiV dk feyku ugha gksus nsrh gSaA
Note :- ys[kkadu esa [kkrs 3 izdkj ds gksrs gSaA
vxj ,d gh izd`fr ds [kkrs ds vUnj&vUnj xyrh dh tk;s rks bls fglkc dh
v'kqf¼ dgrs gSaA
Exp.
P dh P esa 1. Personal A/C (O;fDr)
R dh R esa 2. Real A/C(LFkk;h lEifÙk)

N dh N esa 3. Nominal A/C ([kpZ@vk;)
ysfdu vxj ,d izd`fr ls nwljs izd`fr ds [kkrs esa tkdj xyrh gks rks mls lS¼kfUrd v'kqf¼
dgrs gSaA R
P esa
N
P
R esa
N
N P
esa
R
Note :- O;kikj [kkrs dk izk:Ik Trading Account
To O.P. Stock ‘’ By Closing Stock ‘’
To Purchases ‘’ By Purchase ‘’
Return
To Sales Return ‘’ By Sales ‘’
Note :- vxj ys[kkadu esa fdlh [kkrs dks Dr ds LFkku ij Cr fd;k tk;s ;k Cr ds LFkku ij Dr
fd;k tk;s rks ;g & fglkc dh v'kqf¼ gksxh vkSj bldk ys[kkadu ij nksgjk izHkko gksxkA
lS¼kfUrd v'kqf¼ (Error of Principle):
1. ;g v'kqf¼ ryiV dks izHkkfor ugha djrhA
2. ,d izd`fr ds [kkrs ls nwljs izd`fr ds [kkrs esa dh xbZ xyrh lS¼kfUrd v'kqf¼ gksrh gSA
3. tc iwathxr izd`rh ds O;; dks xyrh ls vk;xr izd`fr dk ekuk tk;s ;k vk;xr
izd`fr ds O;; dks xyrh ls iwathxr izd`fr dk ekuk tk;s rks bls lS¼kfUrd v'kqf¼
dgrs gSaA
4. Ekky dk ys[kk lEifÙk ds :i esa ntZ fd;k ;k lEifÙk dk ys[kk eky ds :i esa ntZ fd;kA
5. nksgjk ys[kk fu;eksa dh vogsyuk dhA
6. ys[kkadu fl¼kUrksa dh vogsyuk dhA
7. ys[kkadu ds vk/kkjHkwr ewY;ksa dh vogsyuk dhA
Hkwy dh v'kqf¼ (Error of Omission) %&
1. iw.kZ Hkwy (Full Omission) :- fdlh O;ogkj dk ys[kk loZizFke izkFkfed
ys[kk iqLrd (tuZy@lgk;d cgh) esa ys[kk gksrk gSA vxj ;gk¡ ys[kk ugha
fd;k tk;s rks bls iw.kZ Hkwy dgrs gSaA
• pawfd u Dr gqvk u gh Cr gqvk vr% ryiV izHkkfor ugha gksxkA
• mpUrh [kkrk (Suspense A/C ) ugha [kqysxkA
tSls %& jke dks eky cspk ysfdu Entry djuk Hkwy x;s@foØ; cgh esa ntZ
djuk Hkwy x;sA
2. vkaf'kd Hkwy (Partial Ommission)%&
• ;g ,di{kh; gksrh gSA
• vr% ryiV dk feyku ugha gksrkA
• vr% mparh [kkrk [kqysxkA (Suspense A/C)
• [kkrk cgh esa lEcfU/kr nksuksa [kkrks esa [krkSuh djuh iM+rh gSA vxj ,d
[kkrs esa dj nsa vxj nwljs [kkrs [krkSuh djuk Hkwy tk;sa rks bls vkaf'kd Hkwy
dgrs gSaA
3. fglkc dh v'kqf¼ (Error of Commission)%&
• izkFkfed ys[kk iqLrdksa esa xyr ys[kk djukA
• lgk;d cgh dk xyr ;ksx yxkukA
• fdlh [kkrs dk xyr 'ks"k fudkyukA
• ,d i`"B dk ;ksx nwljs i`"B ij xyr ys tkukA
xyr jkf'k ls
• [krkSuh dh v'kqf¼ ;k xyr i{k esa
• ,d gh izd`rh ds [kkrs esa gqbZ v'kqf¼ (P to P) (R to R) (N to N)
Note :- lk/kkj.kr% fglkc dh v'kqf¼ ryiV dk feyku ugha gksus nsrh gSA
4. {kfriwjd v'kqf¼ (Compensating)%&
• ,d gh le; ij nks v'kqf¼;ka bl izdkj ?kfVr gksa dh ,d v'kqf¼ dk izHkko
nwljh v'kqf¼ lekIr dj nsA
• ;g ryiV dks izHkkfor ugha djrhA
Note :- vxj ys[kkadu esa fdlh [kkrs dks T;knk jkf'k ls Dr fd;k tk;s rks
lq/kkj djrs gq, mls Cr dj nsaxsA
tSls %& Purchase A/C dks 100 : dh txg 110 : ls Dr fd;k rks lq/kkj
gh Entry esa bls 10 : ls Cr djsaxsA vkSj ;fn fdlh [kkrs dks de jkf'k ls
Dr fd;k gS rks mls vkSj Dr dj nsaxsA
Note:-
• tc v'kqf¼ dk lq/kkj vafre [kkrs cukus ds i'pkr@vxys o"kZ fd;k tkrk gS

rks blds lq/kkj ds fy, ykHk&gkfu lek;kstu [kkrk (P&L
Adjustment Account) [kksyk tkrk gSA
1. v'kqf) 'kks/ku dk ys[kk loZizFke dgk¡ ntZ fd;k tkrk gS\
(a) jksdM+ cgh
(b) ryiV
(c) jkstukepk
(d) vkfFkZd fpV~Bk
2. ryiV dks rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS&

(a) fglkc&f[krkc dh v'kqf);ksa dh [kkstus gsrq
(b) fl)kUr dh v'kqf);ksa dks [kkstus gsrq
(c) fyfidh; v'kqf);ksa dks [kkstus gsrq
(d) mijksDr lHkh
3. laO;ogkjksa dk vfHkys[ku djus dh izfØ;k esa /kujkf'k;ksa ,oa [kkrksa dk fcuk
vk'k; ds NwV tkuk vFkok fglkc&fdrkc dh =qfV gksuk tkuk tkrk gS&
(a) diV ds :i esa
(b) feF;k fuoZpu ds :i esa
(c) v'kqf) ds :i esa
4. xyfr;k¡ gS&
(a) u idM+s x;s foØ;
(b) tkucw> dj dh xbZ xyfr;k¡
(c) diV
(d) vutkus esa gqbZ xyfr;k¡
5. v'kqf);k¡-----------------xyfr;k¡ gSa&
(a) lk'k;
(b) vlk'k;
(c) xSj&[kksth gq;h
6. dkSulh xyrh ryiV dh jpuk ls irk ugha yx ikrh\

(a) [kkrs dk xyr tksM+
(b) {kfriwjd xyrh
(c) Hkwy dh xyrh
(d) fdlh [kkrs ds xyr “ks’k fudkyuk
7. tc dHkh ys[kkadu vfHkys[kksa esa v'kqf);ksa dh tkudkjh dh tkrh gS]
mudk la'kks/ku fd;k tkrk pkfg,&
(a) ryiV rS;kj fd;s tkus ds le;A
(b) ys[kkadu o"kZ ds lekIr gksus dh izrh{kk fd;s fcukA
(c) vfUre [kkrksa dks rS;kj djus ds cknA
(d) vkxkeh ys[kkadu o"kZ esa
8. -----------dh vis{kk----------------dks [kkstuk ljy gksrk gS&
(a) =qfV;ksa] diVks
(b) xyfr;ksa] diVksa
(c) diVksa] =qfV;ksa
(d) =qfV;ksa] xyfr;ksa
9. la'k; (Suspense) [kkrk gS ,d%
(a) vokLrfod [kkrk
(b) okLrfod [kkrk
(c) O;fDrxr [kkrk
10. ^,d vk;xr O;; dk ,d iw¡thxr O;; dh Hkk¡fr mipkj djuk*
mnkgj.k gS&
(a) {kfriwjd v'kqf);ksa dk
(b) fl)kUr dh v'kqf);ksa dk
(c) NwV tkus okyh v'kqf);ksa dk
(d) fglkc&fdrkc dh v'kqf);ksa dk
11. ,d diM+k O;kikjh us QuhZpj dk Ø; fd;k rFkk mls Ø; cgh esa fjdkWMZ
dj fn;kA ;g-----------v'kqf) gSa&
(a) Hkwy dh
(b) lS)kfUrd
(c) {kfriwjd
(d) =qfViw.kZ
12. ;fn dksbZ =qfV ys[kkadu ds vk/kkjHkwr ewY;ksa esa gqbZ gks rks mls dgrs gSa%
(a) lS)kfUrd v'kqf)
(b) Hkwy dh v'kqf)
(c) =qfViw.kZ v'kqf)
(d) {kfriwjd v'kqf)
13. edku ekfyd d`".k dks fdjk;s ds :i esa fn;s x;s 10]000 #- d`".k
ds O;fDrxr [kkrs esa MsfcV fd;s x;s FksA ;g v'kqf)&
(a) ryiV dks izHkkfor djsxh
(b) ryiV dks izHkkfor ugha djsxh
(c) mpUrh [kkrs dks izHkkfor djsxh
14. fuEufyf[kr =qfV;ksa esa dkSu lh fl)kUr dh =qfV gS\
(a) jke dks nh xbZ etnwjh mlds [kkrs esa MsfcV dh x;hA
(b) Ø; jkstukepk dks ;ksx [kkrs esa [krkSuh ugha fd;k x;kA
(c) ,Dl dks 20 #- ds foØ; dks mlds [kkrs esa 2 #- [krkSuh fd;k x;kA
(d) fuxe ls 300 #- dk m/kkj [kjhnk x;k QuhZpj e'khujh [kkrs esa [krkSuh
fd;k x;kA
15. e'khu dh {kerk ds lq/kkj ij etnwjh dk Hkqxrku fd;k x;k ftl
etnwjh [kkrs esa MsfcV fd;k x;k ;g ,d mnkgj.k gS%
(a) lS)kfUrd v'kqf)
(b) fyfidh; v'kqf)
(c) Hkwy dh v'kqf)
(d) =qfViw.kZ v'kqf)
16. dEI;wVj dh [kjhn dks vkWfQl [kpkZ [kkrs esa MsfcV dj fn;k x;kA ;g
v'kqf) gS%
(a) =qfViw.kZ
(b) Hkwy dh
(c) lS)kfUrd
(d) {kfriwjd
17. iqjkus QuhZpj ds foØ; dks xyrh ls foØ; cgh esa gLrkarj.k fd;k
x;k ;g v'kqf) fdl izdkj dh gSa\
(a) lS)kfUrd v'kqf);k¡
(b) {kfriwfrZ v'kqf);k¡
(c) Hkwy dh v'kqf);k¡
(d) =qfViw.kZ v'kqf);k¡
18. dk;kZy; QuhZpj dk 1]200 :- dk Ø; lkekU; O;; [kkrs esa MSfcV
dj fn;k x;kA ;g gS%
(a) ,d fyfidh; v'kqf)
(b) ,d lS)kfUrd v'kqf)
(c) ,d Hkwypwd dh v'kqf)
(d) {kfriwjd v'kqf)
19. frjLd`r foi= dh jkf'k xyrh ls lkekU; O;; [kkrs esa MsfcV dj nh
x;h gS] fdl izdkj dh =qfV gqbZ\
(a) fl)kar dh =qfV
(b) fglkc&fdrkc dh =qfV
(c) {kfriwjd =qfV
(d) NwV tkus dh =qfV
20. iqjkus QuhZpj dk foØ;] foØ; [kkrs esa xyrh ls fy[k fn;k x;k gSA
bldh 'kks/ku izfof"V gS&
(a) foØ; [kkrk MsfcV] QuhZpj [kkrk ØsfMV
(b) QuhZpj [kkrk MsfcV] foØ; [kkrk ØsfMV
(c) nsunkj [kkrk MsfcV] QuhZpj [kkrk ØsfMV
(d) foØ; [kkrk MsfcV] nsunkj [kkrk ØsfMV
21. u;s la;U= ds Ø; ij Hkqxrku fd;s x;s <qykbZ O;;ksa dks ;fn <qykbZ
[kkrs esa MsfcV fd;k tkrk gS rks ;g------------dks izHkkfor djsxkA
(a) la;U= [kkrk
(b) <qykbZ [kkrk
(c) la;U= ,oa <qykbZ [kkrk
22. ,d e'khujh 3000 :- dk [kjhnk x;k tks fd Ø; [kkrs esa xyr
ys[kk dj fn;k x;k] bl v'kqf) ls%
(a) ryiV 3000 :- dk vUrj fn[kk;sxk
(b) ryiV 3000 :- dk vUrj ugha fn[kk;sxk
(c) mi;qZDr nksuksa
23. og v'kqf) tks dsoy ,d [kkrs dks izHkkfor djrh gS----------gks ldrh gS&
(a) Hkwy dh xyrh
(b) [krkSuh dh xyrh
(c) lS)kfUrd xyrh
24. ekg flrEcj] 2006 dk jksdM+ iqLrd esa ^nh x;h NwV* [kkus dk ;ksx
250 :- [krkSuh ugha fd;k x;k FkkA blds fy, la'kks/ku izfof"V gksxhA
(a) Suspense A/c Dr. 250; To Discount A/c 250
(b) Discount A/c Dr. 250; To Suspense A/c 250
(c) Discount A/c Dr. 250; To Customer A/c 250
25. iwoZnÙk fdjk;k [kkrk ds lEcU/k esa ,d 500 :- ds en vkxs vkus ls NwV
x;h FkhA la'kks/ku jkstukepk izfof"V gksxh&
(a) Rent A/c Dr. 500
To Cash 500
(b) Prepaid rent A/c Dr. 500
To Cash 500
(c) Prepaid rent A/c Dr. 500
To Suspense A/c 500
26. tuojh 2006 ekg ds fy, dqy etnwjh dh jkf'k gS 6]000 :-
ftldh [krkSuh ugha gqbZ gSA blds fy, 'kks/ku ys[kk gksxk&
(a) Suspense A/c Dr. 6000
To Labour A/c 6000
(b) Wages A/c Dr. 6000
To suspense A/c 6000
(c) Wages A/c Dr. 6000
To Cash A/c 6000
(d) mi;qZä esa ls dksbZ ugha
27. ekg tqykbZ 2007 dh jksdM+ cgh ds ^NwV nh* [kkus dk ;ksx 10]000
[krkSuh ugha fd;k x;k FkkA blds fy, la'kks/ku izfof"V gksxh&
(a) Discount A/c Dr. 10,000 To Suspense A/c 10,000
(b) Suspense A/c Dr. 10,000 To Discount A/c 10,000
(c) Customer A/c Dr. 10,000 To Discount A/c 10,000
28. A dks 600 :- dh fcØh dh iqLrdksa esa ys[kk u gksus ij------------dks
izHkkfor djsxhA
(a) foØ; [kkrk
(b) ^v* dk [kkrk
(c) jksdM+ [kkrk
(d) foØ; [kkrk rFkk ^v* dk [kkrk
29. fuEufyf[kr esa ls lHkh =qfV;k¡ ryiV dks izHkkfor ugha djrh] flok;&
(a) {kfriwjd v'kqf);k¡
(b) iw.kZr;k NwV tkus okyh v'kqf);k¡
(c) vkaf'kd :i ls NwV tkus okyh v'kqf);k¡
(d) fl)kUr dh v'kqf);k
30. vfnfr ls izkIr 25]000 :- izsj.kk ds [kkrs esa ØsfMV fd;k
x;k] ;g ,d v'kqf) gSa%
(a) lS)kfUrd
(b) =qfViw.kZ
(c) Hkwy
(d) {kfriwjd
31. tc m/kkj fcØh dk ys[kk Ø; cgh esa dj fn;k tkrk gSa rks dkSu lh
v'kqf) ?kfVr gksrh gSa%
(a) Hkwy dh v'kqf)
(b) =qfViw.kZ v'kqf)
(c) {kfriwjd v'kqf)
(d) lS)kfUrd v'kqf)
32. ;fn jkf'k dh xyr [kkrs esa [krkSuh dj nh tkrh gS ;k [kkrs xyr i{k esa
fy[k nh tkrh gS rks ;g dgykrh gS%
(a) Hkwypwd dh v'kqf)
(b) foHkzekRed v'kqf)
(c) lS)kfUrd v'kqf)
(d) {kfriwjd v'kqf)A
33. , ls Ø; fd;k x;k 2]000 :- dk eky foØ; cgh ds ek/;e ls
xqtjkA bl v'kqf) dk la'kks/ku---------------- esa ifj.kke l`ftr
djsxkA
(a) ldy ykHk esa deh
(b) ldy ykHk ij dksbZ izHkko ugha
(c) ldy ykHk esa o`f)
(d) fofo/k nsunkjksa esa o`f)
34. v:.k ls 5]000 :- dk izkIr foi= ns; foi= iqLrd ds ek/;e ls
xqtjkA la'kks/ku izfof"V gksxh&
(a) B/R A/c Dr. 5,000
To Arun 5,000
(b) Arun Dr. 5,000
To B/R A/c 5,000
(c) B/R A/c Dr. 5,000
B/P A/c Dr. 5,000
To Arun 5,000
35. fe- , ls izkIr 1]000 :- dk izkI; foi=] xyrh ls ns; foi= [kkrs ds
ØsfMV esa [krkSuh gks x;k Fkk rFkk fe- , ds [kkrs esa Hkh ØsfMV gks x;kA
la'kksf/kr izfof"V gksxh&
(a) B/P Dr. 1000
To A 1000
(b) B/R Dr. 1000
To A 1000
(c) Bills Payable A/c Dr. 1000
Bills Receivable Dr. 1000
To Suspense 2000
36. 151 :- esa Ø; dh ,d en Ø; iqLrd esa 15 :- fy[kh x;h Fkh rFkk
vkiwfrZdrkZ [kkrs esa 51 :- [krkSuh gq;hA la'kks/ku izfof"V gksxh&
(a) Purchase A/c Dr. 136
To Suppliers A/c 100
To Suspense A/c 36
(b) Purchase A/c Dr. 136
(c) Purchase A/c Dr. 136
37. 300 :- dk eky jkgqy ls Ø; fd;k ftldks xyrh ls foØ; cgh esa
ntZ fd;k x;k] bl lEcU/k esa 'kks/ku ys[kk D;k gksxk&
(a) Purchases A/c Dr. 300
To Sales A/c 300
(b) Sales A/c Dr. 300
To purchases A/c 300
(c) Rahul A/c Dr. 600
To purchases A/c 300
To Sales A/c 300
(d) Purchases A/c Dr. 300
Sales A/c 300
To Rahul 600
38. jkts'k us 5200 :- ewY; dk eky gedks ykSVk;k ysfdu mlds [kkrs esa
2500 :- fy[kk x;kA 'kks/ku ys[ks esa Rajesh A/c dks ØsfMV fd;k
tk;sxk------------------: ls
(a) 2500 (b) 2700
(c) 7700 (d) 5200
39. ek;k ls 2400 :- dk eky [kjhnk x;k ysfdu ek;k ds [kkrs esa MsfcV
esa 4200 :- fjdkWMZ dj fy;k x;kA 'kks/ku ys[ks esa ek;k dk [kkrk-----
--------- ls ØsfMV fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) 4800 :- (b) 6600 :-
(c) 8400 :- (d) mijksDr esa dksbZ ugha
40. edku ekfyd dks pqdk;s x;s fdjk;s dh jkf'k 1000 :- Rent A/c es a
ØsfMV fd;s x;s 10]000 :- ds :i esa A 'kks/ku ys[ks esa Rent A/c dks
---------------ls MsfcV fd;k tk;sxk&
(a) 11,000
(b) 1,000
(c) 9,000
(d) 10,000
41. deZpkjh dks fn;s x;s 10]000 :- osru dks deZpkjh [kkrs esa
1]000 :- ls MsfcV fd;k x;kA la'kks/ku izfof"V gksxh&
(a) Salary A/c Dr. 10,000
To Employee A/c 10000
(b) Salary A/c Dr. 10,000
To Suspense A/c 9000
(c) Salary A/c Dr. 10,000
42. 900 :- dk eky cspk x;k ysfdu foØ; [kkrk esa 1080 ls ys[kk
fd;k x;k] v'kqf) 'kks/ku] djus ij la'k; [kkrk gksxk%
(a) MsfcV 180 :- ls
(b) ØsfMV 180 :- ls
(c) MsfcV 1080 :- ls
(d) ØsfMV 1080 :- ls
43. fe- ,Dl dks 1540 :- dk foØ; fd;k x;k tks fd mlds [kkrs esa
1450 ls ys[kk gqvk] v'kqf) 'kks/ku ds fy, 90 :- ,Dl ds [kkrs esa---
--------------gksxs%
(a) MsfcV (b) ØsfMV
(c) vLohd`r (d) a ;k b
44. fe- tSM dks 3]000 :- dk m/kkj foØ; fd;k tks fd foØ; cgh esa nks
ckj fy[k x;k v'kqf) lq/kkj ys[kk gksxk%
(a) fe- tSM ØsfMV gksxk
(b) fe- tSM MsfcV gksxk
(c) foØ; [kkrk ØsfMV gksxk
(d) dksbZ ugha
45. foØ; cgh dk ;ksx 200 :- ls de gks x;k gSaA bldh 'kks/ku izfof"V
D;k gksxhA
(a) foØ; [kkrk MsfcV] la'k; [kkrk ØsfMV
(b) la'k; [kkrk MsfcV] foØ; [kkrk ØsfMV
(c) nsunkj [kkrk MsfcV] foØ; [kkrk ØsfMV
(d) foØ; [kkrk MsfcV] nsunkj [kkrk ØsfMV
46. ;fn 1000 :- dh Ø; okilh Hkwyo'k foØ; okilh [kkrs ds MsfcV esa
[krkSuh dj nh xbZ gS] ijUrq vkiwfrZdrkZvksa ds [kkrs esa lgh fy[kh xbZ
gks rks&
(a) ryiV dk ;ksx ØsfMV ls 1000 :- vf/kd MsfcV i{k dks iznf'kZr
djsxkA
(b) ryiV dk ;ksx MsfcV ls 1000 :- vf/kd ØsfMV i{k dks iznf'kZr
djsxkA
(c) ryiV ds MsfcV i{k dk ;ksx ØsfMV i{k ls 2000 :- vf/kd gksxkA
(d) ryiV ds ØsfMV i{k dk ;ksx MsfcV i{k ls 2000 :- vf/kd gksxkA
47. pSd }kjk 1870 :- ds Ø; dks jksdM+ iqLrd esa Hkwyo'k 1780 :- fy[k
fn;k x;kA bldk izHkko gS&
(a) 90 :- ls cSad 'ks"k esa o`f) gksuk
(b) 90 :- ls cSad 'ks"k esa deh gksuk
(c) 180 :- ls cSad 'ks"k esa o`f) gksuk
(d) 180 :- ls cSad 'ks"k esa deh gksuk
48. ,d ubZ e'khu 1]00]000 :- dh [kjhnh xbZ ijUrq bldh [krkSuh
xyrh ls QuhZpj [kkrs esa 10]000 :- ls dj nh xbZA blds vfrfjDr
nsunkjksa ls 11]200 :- izkIr gq, ijUrq bldh [krkSuh xzkgd ds [kkrs
esa ugha gqbZA bu v'kqf);ksa ds dkj.k ryiV esa fdrus dk vUrj vk,xkA
(a) 90,000 :- (b) 78,800 :-
(c) 1,01,200 :- (d) 1,11,200 :-
49. A us B dks 15]000 :- dk eky m/kkj ij cspk ijUrq mls B ds LFkku

ij C dks MsfcV dj fn;kA bl ys[kk ls izHkko iMs+xk&
(a) ryiV ij (b) O;fDrxr [kkrksa ij
(c) vkfFkZd fpV~Bs ij (d) dqy nsunkjksa ij
50. 1000 :i;s C;kt ds izkIr fd;s] ysfdu jksdM+ cgh esa bldks C;kt ds
Hkqxrku ds :i esa n'kkZ;k x;kA blls udn 'ks"k ij izHkko iMsxkA
(a) 2000 :- ls
(b) 1000 :- ls
(c) 4000 :- ls
(d) dksbZ Hkh ugha
51. ;fn 1500 :- dh foØ; okilh dh xyrh ls Ø; okilh [kkrs ds
ØsfMV esa [krkSuh dj fn;k x;k gS] ijUrq nsunkj [kkrs esa lgh fy[kk
x;k gks] rks
(a) ryiV dk ;ksx ØsfMV dh rqyuk esa MsfcV i{k dks 3000 :- vf/kd gksuk
fn[kk,xkA
(b) ryiV dk ;ksx MsfcV dh rqyuk esa ØsfMV i{k dks 3000 :- vf/kd gksuk
fn[kk,xkA
(c) ryiV dk MsfcV i{k ØsfMV i{k dh rqyuk esa 1500 :- vf/kd gksxkA
(d) ryiV dk ØsfMV i{k MsfcV i{k dh rqyuk esa 1500 :- vf/kd gksxkA
52. fuEufyf[kr v'kqf);ksa esa ls dkSu ryiV dks izHkkfor djsxh\
(a) Hkou dh ejEer dks xyrh ls Hkou [kkrs esa MsfcV fd;k x;kA
(b) Ø; jkstukepksa dk ;ksx 1000 :- ls de gSA
(c) ubZ e'khujh ij fn;s x;s HkkM+s dks HkkM+k [kkrk esa MsfcV fd;k x;kA
53. , dks 100 :- dh fcØh Ø; iqLrd esa fy[kh x;h] bldk izHkko gksxk&
(a) foØ; [kkrs ij
(b) Ø; okilh [kkrs ij
(c) foØ; [kkrs] Ø; [kkrs ,oa , ds [kkrs ij
54. iadt ls izkIr 5000 :- dh jkf'k ftls iwtk ds [kkrs esa ØsfMV fd;k
x;k] izHkkfor djsxhA
(a) iwtk dk [kkrk (b) iadt dk [kkrk
(c) iadt dk [kkrk rFkk iwtk dk [kkrk (d) jksdM [kkrk rFkk iwtk dk [kkrk
55. ;fn 1000 :- dh ,d Ø; okfilh dks foØ; okfilh [kkrs esa xyrh ls
MsfcV iksLV dj fn;k x;k ysfdu lIyk;lZ ds [kkrs esa lgh fy[kk x;k
rks----------------
(a) ryiV dk ØsfMV i{k dk ;ksx MsfcV dh vis{kk 2000 :- vf/kd gksxkA
(b) ryiV dk MsfcV i{k dk ;ksx ØsfMV dh rqyuk esa 2000 :- vf/kd gksxkA
(c) ryiV ds MsfcV dh vis{kk 1000 :- ls ØsfMV i{k vf/kd fn[kk;sxkA
(d) ryiV ds ØsfMV dh vis{kk 1000 :- ls MsfcV i{k vf/kd fd;k tk;sxkA
56. ;fn vkiwfrZdrkZ dks ykSVk;k x;k 2000 :- dk eky xyrh ls Sales
Return Book esa 1500 :- fy[k fn;k tkrk gS rks
(a) ldy ykHk 4000 :- ls ?kVsxk
(b) ldy ykHk 3500 :- ls c<+sxk
(c) ldy ykHkh 3500 :- ls ?kVsxk
57. eksgu ls [kjhnk x;k 4000 :- dk eky foØ; cgh esa fy[k x;kA bl
xyrh ds 'kks/ku dk ifj.kke gksxk&
(a) nsunkjksa esa o`f)
(b) ldy ykHkksa esa o`f)
(c) ldy ykHkksa esa deh
58. pkyw o"kZ dk izkjfEHkd jgfr;k¡ 500 :- ls vkSj vfUre jgfr;k¡ 1200
:- ls vf/kewY;kadu fd;k x;kA bldk izHkko 'kq) ykHk ij gksxk%
(a) 1700 :- ¼vkf/kD;½
(b) 1200 :- ¼voewY;u½
(c) 1700 :- ¼voewY;u½
(d) 700 :- ¼vkf/kD;½
59. tc 100 :- dh foØ; okilh dks xyrh ls Ø; okilh eku dj ys[kk
dj fn;k rks blls D;k izHkko iMs+xkA
(a) ldy ykHk 100 :- ls c<+sxk
(b) ldy ykHk 100 :- ls ?kVsxk
(c) ldy ykHk 200 :- ls c<+sxk
(d) ldy ykHk 200 :- ls ?kVsxk
60. 5]000 :- ls foØ; dk ys[kk] Ø; cgh esa gks x;k bl v'kqf) dk
izHkko gksxkA
(a) ldy ykHk esa 5,000 :- ls o`f)
(b) ldy ykHk esa 5,000 :- ls deh
(c) ldy ykHk esa 10,000 :- ls deh
(d) ldy ykHk esa 10,000 :- ls o`f)
61. 10]000 :- ds fy, A ls [kjhnk x;s eky dk ys[kk foØ; cgh ds
ek/;e ls fd;k x;k ;g xyrh mRiUu djsxh%
(a) ldy ykHk esa o`f)
(b) ldy ykHk esa deh
(c) ldy ykHk ij dksbZ izHkko ugha
(d) ;k rks a vkSj b
62. , ls izkIr 200 :- tks ch ds [kkrs esa ØsfMV fd;s x;s os----------dks
izHkkfor djsaxsA
(a) , ,oa ch ds [kkrs dks (b) , ds [kkrs dks
(c) jksdM+ [kkrs dks (d) ch ds [kkrs dks
63. ryiV dk feyku ugha gksxk ;fn%

(a) ,d lgh ys[ks dh [krkSuh nks ckj dj nh xbZ gks
(b) gjh'k ls izkIr gq, 5,000 :- dh [krkSuh gjh ds [kkrs ds ØsfMV esa dj nh xbZ
(c) m/kkj ij dh xbZ foØ; dks foØ; [kkrs esa ØsfMV fd;k x;k rFkk jksdM+
[kkrs esa MsfcV fd;k x;kA
(d) 2,500 :- dk eky jke dks okil fd;k x;k rFkk mls Ø; cgh esa tksM+
fn;k x;kA
64. ;fn ,d v'kqf) ds izHkko dks fdlh vU; v'kqf) ds izHkko }kjk lekIr dj
fn;k tkrk gS] rks lkekU;r;k bls---------------ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA
(a) lS)kfUrd v'kqaf)
(b) {kfriwjd v'kqf);k¡
(c) NwV tkus okyh v'kqf);k¡
(d) fglkc&fdrkc dh v'kqf);k¡
65. iw.kZ Hkwy dh v’kqf) ds ifj.kkeLo:i-------

(a) mpUrh [kkrk [kqysxk (b) ryiV izHkkfor gksxh
(c) ryiV izHkkfor ugha gksxh (d) mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ugha
66. o"kZ 2008&09 esa jke us 1]40]000 :- dk ykHk vftZr fd;kA ijUrq
ys[kkijh{kk ds le; vkWfMVj dks irk pyk fd jke us 1-4-08 dks
20]000 :- dk ,d LdwVj [kjhnk vkSj bls vkxe O;; dh rjg
fn[kk;kA vkWfMV us mls bl =qfV dks lq/kkjus dh ek¡x dh rFkk dgk fd
og ml ij 15% dh nj dk g~kl yxk;sA v'kqf) 'kks/ku ds i'pkr~ ykHk
gksxk%
(a) 1,57,000 :-
(b) 1,60,000 :-
(c) 1,40,000 :-
(d) 1,17,000 :-
67. jes'k ls izkIr 1]000 :- dk ,d psd frjLd`r gks x;k Fkk rFkk bls
foØ; okilh [kkrs ds MsfcV esa [krkSuh fd;k x;k FkkA la'kks/ku
jkstukepk izfof"V------------------gksxhA
(a) Sales return A/c Dr. 1,000
To Ramesh 1,000
(b) Ramesh Dr. 1,000
To Sales return 1,000
(c) Sales return A/c Dr. 1,000
To Suspense 1,000
68. edku ekfyd dks fn;k x;k fdjk;k 2400 :- dks edku ekfyd ds
[kkrs esa 2004 :- MsfcV fd;k x;kA la'kks/ku izfof"V gksxh----------
To Landlord 2400
(b) Rent A/c Dr. 2004
To landlord 2004
(c) Rent A/c Dr. 2400
To Landlord 2004
To Suspense 396
69. ';ke us 31 ekpZ] 2005 dks vius dkj[kkus dk ryiV rS;kj fd;kA
ryiV dk MsfcV ;ksx 500 :- ls U;wu FkkA mlus deh dks mpUrh [kkrs
esa vUrfjr fd;kA 1 vizSy 2006 dks l?ku tk¡p iM+rky ds ckn ik;k
tkrk gS fd flrEcj 2005 dh Ø; Ms cqd 500 ls de fn[kk;h x;h
FkhA v'kqf) dks lq/kkjus gsrq vko';d jkstukepk izfof"V gksxh&
(a) Purchases A/c Dr. 500
To Cash A/c 500
(b) Suspense A/c Dr. 500
To Purchases A/c 500
(c) P & L Adjustment A/c Dr. 500
To Suspense 500
ANSWER KEY
1 C 2 C 3 C 4 D 5 B
6 B 7 B 8 C 9 A 10 B
11 B 12 A 13 B 14 A 15 A
16 C 17 A 18 B 19 A 20 B
21 C 22 B 23 B 24 B 25 C
26 B 27 A 28 D 29 C 30 B
31 B 32 B 33 A 34 C 35 C
36 A 37 D 38 B 39 B 40 A
41 B 42 B 43 A 44 A 45 B
46 C 47 A 48 B 49 B 50 A
51 B 52 B 53 C 54 C 55 B
56 C 57 C 58 D 59 C 60 C
61 A 62 A 63 D 64 B 65 B
66 A 67 B 68 C 69 C
Question Set
1. Rectification entries are passed in

(a) Cash book
(b) Trial balance
(c) Journal proper
(d) Balance sheet
2. The preparation of a trial balance is for:

(a) Locating errors of commission;
(b) Locating errors of principle;
(c) Locating clerical errors.
3. Unintentional ommission or commission of amounts
and accounts In the process of recording transactions
are known as
(a) Frauds
(b) Misinterpretation.
(c) Errors.
4. Errors are
(a) Undetected mistakes
(b) Intentional mistakes
(c) Frauds
(d) Unintentional mistakes
5. Errors are ________ mistakes.
(a) Intentional.
(b) Unintentional.
(c) Undetected.
6. Which of the following error are not revealed by the

trial balance.
(a) Wrong totalling of an account
(b) Compensating error
(c) Error of ommission
(d) Wrong balancing of an account
7. Whenever errors are noticed in the accounting
records, they should be rectified
(a) At the time of preparation of the trial balance
(b) Without waiting the accounting year to end
(c) After the preparation of final accounts
(d) In the next accounting year
8. It is easy to detect _______than to_____

(a) Frauds, Errors.
(b) Mistakes, Frauds.
(c) Errors, Frauds.
(d) Errors, Mistakes.
9. Suspense Account is a
(a) Nominal A/c
(b) Real A/c
(c) Personal A/c
(d) Any of the above
10. “Treating a revenue expense as a capital expenditure”

is an example of
(a) Compensating errors.
(b) Errors of principle.
(c) Errors of ommission.
(d) Errors of commission.
11. A cloth merchant purchases furniture and recorded in
purchases day book. It is error of
(a) Ommission
(b) Principle
(c) Compensation
(d) Commission
12. Error relating to fundamental aspect of accounting is

known as.
(a) Error of Principle
(b) Error of Ommission
(c) Error of Commission
(d) Compensating Error
13. Rs. 1,000 paid as rent to Krishna, the landlord, was
debited to Krishan‟s personal account. This error will
(a) Affect the trial balance
(b) Not affect the trial balance.
(c) Affect the suspense account.
14. Which of the following error is an error of principle?
(a) Wages paid to Ram has been debited to his account
(b) The total of purchase journal has not been posted
to purchase A/c
(c) Sales to X Rs. 20, posted to his A/c as Rs. 2
(d) Furniture purchased on credit from Nigam for Rs.
300 posted to Machinery Account
15. Wages paid for the erection of a machine debited to
wages A/c is an example of:
(b) Clerical Error
(c) Error of Ommission
(d) Error of commission
16. A purchase of computer was debited to Office

Expenditure Account. This is an error of:
(a) Commission
(b) Ommission
(c) Principle
(d) Compensatory Error.
17. Sale of old furniture is wrongly transferred to Sales
Account, Which type of error is this?
(b) Compensating Error
(c) Error of Ommission
(d) Error of commission
18. Purchase of office furniture Rs. 1,200 has been

debited to General Expense Account. It is:
(a) A clerical error
(b) An error of principle
(c) An error of ommission
(d) Compensating error
19. The amount of the dishonoured bill has been wrongly
debited to general expenses account, which type of
error has been committed?
(a) Error of principle
(b) Error of commission
(c) Compensating error
(d) Error of ommission
20. „A‟ Sold goods to „B‟ on credit for Rs. 15,000 but
debited to „C‟ instead of „B‟. The entry would affect:
(a) Trial balance
(b) Individual Ledgers
(c) Balance Sheet
(d) Total Debtors
21. Carriage charges paid for a new plant purchased if
debited to carriage account would affect
(a) Plant account
(b) Carriage account.
(c) Paint and carriage accounts.
22. A Machine was Purchased for Rs. 3000 which was

wrongly recorded in purchase A/c. Due to this error:
(a) Trial Balance will show difference by Rs. 3,000
(b) Trial Balance will not show difference by Rs. 3,000
(d) None
23. Error which affect only one account can be:
(a) Error of complete ommission
(b) Error of posting
(c) Compensatory errors
24. The total of „Discount allowed‟ column in the cash
book for the month of September, 2009 amounting to
Rs. 250 was not posted Rectifying entry for the same
will be -
(a) Suspense A/c Dr 250; To Discount A/c 250
(b) Discount A/c Dr. 250; To Suspense A/c 250
(c) Discount A/c Dr. 250; To Customer A/c 25
25. An item of Rs. 500 relating to prepaid rent account was
omitted to be brought forward. The rectifying journal
entry will be:
To Cash 500
(b) Prepaid rent A/c Dr. 500
To Cash 500
(c) Prepaid rent A/c Dr. 500
To suspense 500
26. The total of wages for the month of Jan, 2010 amounting
Rs. 6000 was not posted Rectifying entry for the same
will be:
(a) Suspense A/c Dr. 6000 ; To Labour A/c 6000
(b) Wages A/c Dr. 6000; To Suspense A/c 6000
(c) Wage A/c Dr. 6000 ; To Cash A/c 6000
27. The total of “Discount allowed” column in the Cash book
for the month of July, amounting to Rs. 10,000 was not
posted. Rectifying entry for the same will be
(a) Discount A/c Dr. 10,000 To Suspense A/c 10,000
(b) Suspense A/c Dr. 10,000 To Discount A/c 10,000
(c) Customer A/c Dr. 10,000 To Discount A/c 10,000
28. Sales to A of Rs. 600 not recorded in the books would
affect
(a) Sales A/c
(b) As A/c
(c) Cash A/c
(d) Sales A/c and A‟s A/c
29. All errors do not effect the agreement of trial balance
except
(a) Compensatory error
(b) Full ommission
(c) Partial ommission
(d) Principal error
30. Rs. 25,000 received from Aditi, is credited in the
account of prerna. It is an error of:
(a) Principle
(b) Commission
(c) Ommission
(d) Compensatory
31. Which type of error occurs when credit sales is

wrongly posted to Purchase Day Book:
(a) Error of ommission
(c) Compensatory error
(d) Error of principle
32. If the amount is posted in the wrong account or it is
written on the wrong side of the account, it is called:
(a) Error of ommission
(c) Error of principle
(d) Compensating error
33. Goods purchased from A for Rs. 2000 passed through
the sales book. The rectification of this error will
result in_____
(a) Decrease in Gross profit
(b) No effect on Gross profit
(c) Increase in Gross profit
(d) Increase in Sundry debtors
34. Received a bill from Arun Rs. 5,000 passed through
bills payable book. The rectification entry will be
Rs. Rs.
(a) B/R A/c Dr. 5000
To Arun 5000
(b) Arun Dr. 5000
To B/R A/c 5000
(c) B/R A/c Dr. 5000
B/P A/c Dr. 5000
To Arun 10000
35. B/R from Mr. A of Rs. 1,000 was posted to the credit of
Bills payable A/c and also credited to the account of
Mr. A. Rectifying entry will be
Rs. Rs.
(a) B/P 1000
To A 1000
(b) B/R 1000
To A 1000
(c) Bills Payable A/c Dr. 1000
Bills Receivable A/c Dr. 1000
To Suspense 2000
36. An item of purchase of Rs. 151 was entered in the
Purchase Book as Rs. 15 and posted to Suppliers Ac
as Rs. 51 rectifying entry will be
Rs. Rs.
To Suspense A/c 36
(b) Purchases A/c Dr. 136
To Suppliers 136
(c) Purchase A/c Dr. 136
To Suppliers 136
37. A purchase of goods from Rahul amounting to Rs.
300 has been wrongly entered through sales book,
what will be the rectifying entry:
To Sales A/c 300
(b) Sales A/c Dr. 300
To purchase A/c 300
(c) Rahul A/c Dr. 600
To Purchase A/c 300
To Sales A/c 300
(d) Purchase A/c Dr. 300
Sales A/c Dr. 300
To Rahul A/c 600
38. Rajesh returned goods amounting Rs. 5,200 to us but
was recorded Rs. 2,500 in his account. In the
rectifying entry. Rajesh A/c will be credited with
(a) Rs. 2,500 (b) Rs. 2,700
(c) Rs. 7,700 (d) Rs. 5,200
39. Purchased goods from Maya for Rs. 2,400 but was
recorded as Rs. 4,200 to the debit of Maya. in the
rectifying entry Maya‟s A/c will be credited with
(a) Rs. 4,800 (b) Rs. 6,600
(c) Rs. 8,400 (d) None
40. Rent paid to Landlord amounting to Rs. 1,000 was
credited to rent account with Rs. 10,000. in the
rectifying entry rent a/c will be debited with
(a) Rs. 11,000
(b) Rs. 1,000
(c) Rs. 9,000
(d) Rs. 10,000
41. Salary paid to employee Rs. 10,000 debited to
Employee A/c by Rs. 1,000. Rectifying entry will be
(a) Salary A/c Dr 10,000
To Employee A/c 10,000
(b) Salary A/c Dr 10000
(c) Salary Dr 10,000
42. The goods sold for Rs. 900 but the amount was
entered In the Sales Book as Rs. 1080. On
rectification, suspense account will be:
(a) Debited by Rs. 180
(b) Credited by Rs. 180
(c) Debited by Rs. 1080
(d) Credited by Rs. 1080
43. Sales of Rs. 1,540 to Mr. X was posted to his account
as Rs. 1,450. To rectify the error, Rs. 90 will be ______
to X‟s Account:
(a) Debited
(b) Credited
(c) Ignored
44. Sale to Mr. Z of Rs. 3000 on credit was recorded twice
in the sales book. The rectification entry is:
(a) Mr. Z will be credited
(b) Mr. Z will be debited
(c) Sales account will be credited
(d) None
45. Total of sales book was understated by Re. 200.

Rectification entry will be:
(a) Sales A/c Debit, Suspense A/c Credit
(b) Suspense A/c Debit, Sales A/c Credit
(c) Debtor A/c Debit Sales A/c Credit
(d) Sales A/c Debit, Debtors A/c Credit
46. If a purchase return of Rs.1,000 has been wrongly
posted to the debit of the sales returns account, but
has been correctly entered in the suppliers‟ account,
the total of the
(a) Trial balance would show the debit side to be Rs.
1000 more than the credit
(b) Trial balance would show the credit side to be Rs.
1000 more than the debit.
(c) The debit side of the trial balance will be Rs. 2000
more than the credit side.
(d) The credit side of the trial balance will be Rs. 2,000
more than the debit side.
47. A purchase of Re. 1,870 by cheques has been wrongly
posted in the cashbook as Rs. 1,780. This has the
effect of
(a) Increasing the bank balance by Rs. 90
(b) Decreasing the bank balance by Rs. 90
(c) Increasing the bank balance by Rs. 180
(d) Decreasing the bank balance by Rs. 180
48. A new machine was purchased for Re. 1,00,000 but
the amount was wrongly posted to furniture account
as Re. 10,000 and cash received from debtors Re.
11,200 was omitted to be posted in customer A/c
ledger. The difference in Trial balance due to such
error will be:
(a) Rs. 90,000 (b) Rs. 78,800
(c) Rs. 1,01,200 (d) Rs, 1,11,200
49. „A‟ Sold goods to „B‟ on credit for RS. 15,000 but
debited to „C‟ instead of „B‟. The entry would affect:
(a) Trial balance
(b) Individual Ledgers
(c) Balance Sheet
(d) Total Debtors
50. Rs. 1000 received as Interest, shown as interest paid
in cash book. Due to this error the cash balance will
be effected by:
(a) Rs. 2,000
(b) Rs. 1000
(c) Rs. 4,000
(d) None
51. If a sales return of Rs. 1,500 has been wrongly posted
to the credit of the purchase returns account, but has
been correctly entered In the debtors‟ account, the
total of the
(a) Trial balance would show the debit side to be Rs.
3,000 more than the credit
(b) Trial balance would show the credit side to be Rs.
3,000 more than the debit.
(c) The debit side of the trial balance will be Rs. 1,500
more than the credit side.
(d) The credit side of the trial balance will be Rs. 1,500
more than the debit side.
52. Which of the following errors will affect the trial
balance?
(a) Repairs to building wrongly debited to Building A/c
(b) Total of Purchase Journal by Rs. 1000 short.
(c) Freight paid on new machinery debited to Freight A/c
53. A sale of Rs. 100 to A recorded in the Purchase Book

would affect:
(a) Sales Account
(b) Purchases Returns Account
(a) Sales Account, Purchases Account & A Account.
54. An amount of Rs. 5,000 received from Pankaj credited
to Pooja would affect
(a) Pooja‟s A/c
(b) Pankaj‟s A/c
(c) Pankaj‟s A/c and Pooja‟s A/c
(d) Cash A/c and Pooja‟s A/c
55. If a purchase return of Rs. 1,000 has been wrongly
posted to the debit of the sales return account, but
has been correctly entered in the suppliers account
then the total of the
(a) The credit side of the trial balance will be Rs. 2000
more than the debit side
(b) The debit side of the trial balance will be Re. 2000
more than the credit side
(c) Trial balance would show the credit side to be Re.
1000 more than the debit
(d) Trial balance would show the debit side to be Rs.
1000 more than the credit
56. If goods worth Ra. 2,000 returned to a supplier is
wrongly entered in sales return books Rs. 1,500 then
(a) Gross profit will decrease by Rs. 4,000
(b) Gross profit will increase by Rs. 3,500
(c) Gross profit will decrease by Rs. 3,500
57. Goods purchased from Mohan for Rs. 4,000 passed
through the Sales books. The rectification of this error
will result in
(a) Increase in debtors
(b) Increase in gross profit
(c) Decrease in gross profit
58. The beginning stock of the current year is overstated
by Rs. 500 and closing stock is overstated by Rs.
1200:
(a) Rs. 1700 (overstated)
(b) Rs. 1200 (understated)
(c) Rs. 1700 (understated)
(d) Rs. 700 (overstated)
59. What will be the effect when return Inward of Rs. 100
is wrongly entered as return outward?
(a) Gross Profit is increased by Rs. 100.
(b) Gross Profit is decreased by Rs. 100.
(c) Gross Profit is increased by Rs. 200.
(d) Gross Profit is decreased by Rs, 200.
60. Sales for Rs. 5,000 was entered as purchase. The
effect of this error will be:
(a) G.P will increase by Rs. 5000
(b) G.P will decrease by Rs. 5,000
(c) G.P will decrease by Rs. 10,000
(d) G.P will increase by Rs. 10,000
61. Goods purchased from A for Rs. 10,000 passed

through the sales book. The error will result in:
(a) Increase in gross profit
(b) Decrease in gross profit
(c) No effect on gross profit
62. An amount of Rs. 200 received from a credited to B
would affect _______
(a) Account of A and B (b) A's account
(c) Cash account (d) B's account
63. A trial balance will not balance if
(a) A correct entry is posted twice
(b) Rs. 5,0000 received from Harish is posted in the
credit side of Hari
(c) Sales on credit basis is credited to sales account
and debited in cash account
(d) Goods of Rs. 2500 returned to Ram is added into
the purchases
64. A cheque of Rs. 1,000 received from Ramesh was
dishonoured and had been posted to the debit of sales
returns account. The rectifying journal entry will be
Rs. Rs.
(a) Sales Returns A/c Dr 1,000
To Ramesh A/c 1,000
(b) Ramesh A/c Dr 1,000
To Sales Return A/c 1,000
(c) Ramesh A/c Dr 1,000
Sales Returns A/c Dr 1,000
65. Shyam prepared a trial balance for his factory on 31st
March, 2006. The debit total of the trial balance was short
by Rs. 500. He transferred the deficiency to a suspense
account. In April, 2006 after a close examination, he
found that the purchases day book for September, 2005
was under castes by Rs. 500. The necessary Journal
entry to rectify the error will be
(a) Purchases A/c Dr 500
To Cash A/c 500
(b) Suspense A/c Dr 500
To Purchase A/c 500
(c) P & L Adjustment A/c Dr 500
To Suspense A/c 500
ANSWER KEY
1 C 2 C 3 C 4 D 5 B
6 B 7 B 8 C 9 D 10 B
11 B 12 A 13 B 14 A 15 A
16 C 17 A 18 B 19 A 20 B
21 C 22 B 23 B 24 B 25 C
26 B 27 A 28 D 29 C 30 B
31 B 32 B 33 A 34 C 35 C
36 A 37 D 38 B 39 B 40 A
41 B 42 B 43 A 44 A 45 B
46 C 47 C 48 B 49 B 50 A
51 A 52 B 53 A 54 C 55 B
56 C 57 C 58 D 59 C 60 C
61 A 62 A 63 D 64 B 65 C
_.ki=ksa dk fuxZeu
Issue of Debenture
 iwath dk iwjd lk/ku gSA
Supplement of capital
 foÙk l`tu dk lcls lLrk L=ksr gS
Cheapest source of finance
 tksf[keiw.kZ
Risky
 _.ki=&_.ki=/kkjh&ysunkj&erkf/kdkj ugha
Debenture- Debenture holders- Creditor-have no
voting right
gj.k@ tCr
Forfeiture
Share Debenture (Cannot be forfeited)

dk gj.k ugha gksrk
E.S. P.S.
Forfeited
As per
com. act
Disclosure in B/S 2013 Non Current Liability Heading
Other Long term borrowing

Vartical As per schedule III
 lwpuk ds vHkko esa _.ki=ksa dk dEiuh dh lEifÙk;ksa ij Floating Charge

gksrk gSA
In absence of information debentures have floating
charge all assets.
 _.ki= ij C;kt (Interest on Debenture)
(i) O;; gS@ vk;xr O;;@foÙkh; O;;@ykHkksa ij izHkkj gS&
Expense/ Revenue expense/Financial expense/Charge
on profit
Charge on Profit
Whether there Whether there

will be profit will be loss
We have to pay interest

(ii) dj dVkSrh ;ksX; (Tax deductible expense)
(iii) fuf'pr o LFkk;h nj ls C;kt feysxk&dwiu jsV (Certain, Fixed rate of
interest also known as coupon rate)
(iv) C;kt x.kuk & (i) iznÙk ewY;] (ii) vafdr ewY; (Interest will be
calculated on – (i) paid up value (ii) nominal value
(v) C;kt mikftZr] ns; (Interest accrued and due)
C;kt mikftZr] ns; ugha (Interest accrued but not due)
Note:- vxj C;kt dh Due date rFkk o"kZ dh lekfIr nksuksa ,d gh frfFk ij
vkrh gS rks bls C;kt vftZr ns; dgrs gSaA tSls o"kZ dh lekfIr 31 fnlacj
rFkk C;kt dh Due Date 30 twu rFkk 31 fnlacj gks rks bls pkyw
nkf;Ro 'kh"kZd esa fn[kkrs gS] vkSj ;fn C;kt dh Due Date vkSj o"kZ dh
lekfIr vyx&vyx frfFk;ksa ij gS tSls C;kt dh Due Date 31
March, 30 Sep. gS rFkk o"kZ dh lekfIr 31 fnlacj dks gksrh gSA
rks ,slh fLFkfr esa Oct. Nov. Dec rhu eghus ds C;kt dks C;kt vftZr]
ns; ugha dgsaxs vkSj bls Hkh pkyw nkf;Ro 'kh"kZd esa fn[kk;saxsA
Note:-
If year end date and due date of interest both are on same
date then this will be known as Interest accrued and due.
st
for example- year and date 31 Dec. and due date of
st
interest will be 30 June and 31 Dec. then it will be
disclosed under current liability head, but if year end date
and due date of interest both are different for example-
st st
year end date 31 December and due date of interest 31
March and 30 September then in this condition we say
interest accrued but not due for 3 months (Oct. Nov., Dec.)
This will be also disclosed in current liability head.
 lekiu ds le; ij Hkqxrku dk Øe _.ki=] iwokZf/kdkj va'k] lerka'k P/S, E/S
At the time of liquidation priority for repayment will be
debenture, P/S, E/S,
Note:- ysfdu O;ogkfjd :i esa igys iwokZf/kdkjh va'k/kkjh Preferential
Creditor dks Hkqxrku fd;k tkrk gSA
But in practical life preferential creditor will get
priority over debenture holders .
Preferential Creditor fuEu gS&

(i) lekiu ls Bhd iwoZ 12 eghus ls lacaf/kr Govt. dks ns; Tax, Duty,
Cess
Tax, Duty, Cess payable to government just preceding
12 months from date of liquidation.
(ii) lekiu ls Bhd iwoZ ds 12 ekg ls lacaf/kr vof/k dk pkj eghus dk deZpkjh
dh Salary/wages
Salary/Wages payable to employee just preceding 12
months from date of liquidation (we consider 4
months in this).
(iii) P.F., Gratuity, E.S.I. dk Hkqxrku
Payment of P.F., Gratuity, E.S.I.
(iv) vftZr vodk'k dk osru
Leave encashment
(v) deZpkjh {kfriwfrZ vf/kfu;e ds varxZr nkos
Claim against workman compensation act.
(vi) lekid rFkk vuqla/kku drkZ dk 'kqYd
Liquidation/Investigation Fees
_.ki=ksa ds fuxZeu ij gkfu (Loss on Issue of Debenture)
1. _.ki=ksa ds fuxZeu ij dqy nks izdkj dh gkfu gksrh gS&
There will be two types of losses on issues of debenture.
(i) fuxZeu ij cV~Vk] (ii) 'kks/ku ij izhfe;e
(i) Discount on issue (ii) Premium on redemption
Note:-
'kks/ku ij izhfe;e oSls rks Hkfo"; dh gkfu gS ysfdu :f<+okfnrk dh vo/kkj.kk ;g
dgrh gS fd Hkfo"; dh lEHkkfor gkfu;ksa dk ys[kk orZeku esa djs vr% fuxZeu ds
le; dqy nks gkfu bdV~Bh gks tkrh gSA
As per prudence concept premium on redemption is fu-
ture anticipated loss hence we provide it at the time of is-
sue hence at the time of issue there will be two types of
losses.
2. _.ki=ksa ij fuxZeu ij gkfu dks iwathxr gkfu dgrs gSaA
Loss on issue of debenture will be known as capital
loss.
3. igys bl gkfu dks fofo/k O;; 'kh"kZd esa fn[kkrs Fks ysfdu orZeku esa bls
viys[ku djus dh uhfr ds vk/kkj ij fuEu izdkj ls fn[kk;k tkrk gSA
Previously it will be disclosed under miscellaneous
expenditures but at present according to writing off
policy it will be disclosed as under.
 Current Assets esa Other Current Assets ds :i esa ;fn ,d o"kZ
esa viys[ku djuk gSA
If written off in one year then as a other current assets.
 Non Current Assets head esa Other Non Current Assets
ds :i esa ;fn ,d o"kZ ls vf/kd vof/k esa viys[ku djuk gksA
If written off in more than one year than it will be
disclosed under non current assets head as other non
current assets.
4. bl gkfu dks viys[ku djus dh fuEu nks fof/k;ka gSa&
This loss will be write off according to two methods.
(i) lh/kh js[kk fof/k& ,d dEiuh us 1,00,000 :- vafdr ewY; ds _.ki= 4%
cV~Vs ij tkjh fd;s rFkk budk 'kks/ku 5 o"kZ i'pkr~ 6% izhfe;e ij gksxkA
Straight line method- A company issue Rs. 1,00,000
face value debenture at 4% discount and readmable
after 5 years at 6% premium
dqy gkfu 4% + 6% = 10%
10
dqy gkfu (Total loss) = 1,00,000   10000
100
10000
okf"kZd gkfu (Annual loss) =  2000 izfr o"kZ (per year)
5
(ii) o"kksaZ ds vadksa dh ;ksx fof/k & ,d dEiuh us 1,00,000 :- vafdr ewY; ds
_.ki= 4% cV~Vs ij tkjh fd;s rFkk budk 'kks/ku 5% izhfe;e ij
20,000 :- ds okf"kZd vkgj.k }kjk ;k 5 leku okf"kZd fd'r ds }kjk ;k
20,000 ds okf"kZd vkgj.k }kjk fd;k tk;sxkA
Sum of years digit method- A company issue Rs.
1,00,000 face value debenture at 4% discount and
redeemable by annually Rs. 20,000 each at a premium
of 5%, calculate total loss and annual loss.
dqy gkfu (Total loss) = 4% + 5% = 9% (Rs. 1,00,000 × 9%
= 9000)
5
5 1 o"kZ = 9000   3000
15
4
4 2 o"kZ = 9000   2400
15
3
3 3 o"kZ = 9000   1800
15
3
2 4 o"kZ = 9000   1200
15
1
1 5 o"kZ = 9000   600
15
15 9000
_.ki=ksa dk leikf'oZd izfrHkwfr ds :i esa fuxZeu
(Debenture Issue as a collateral securities)
 tc dEiuh cSad ls nh?kZdkyhu _.k ysrh gS rks _.k dh ,ot esa lgk;d
izfrHkwfr ds :i esaA f}rh;d izfrHkwfr ds :i esa vius vfuxZfer +_.k i= cSad ds
ikl tekur@izfrHkwfr ds :i esa j[krh gS rks bls _.ki=ksa dk leikf'oZd
izfrHkwfr ds :i esa fuxZeu dgk tkrk gSA
When company take long term loan from bank then
against secondary security and unissued debenture
will be given it will be known as debenture issued as a
collateral securities.
 ,slh fLFkfr esa dEiuh dks C;kt dk Hkqxrku cSad _.k ij gh djuk gksrk gSA
vfuxZfer _.ki=ksa ij ughaA
In this case interest will be paid on outstanding loan,
interest will not we paid on unissued debenture.
 ,sls _.ki=ksa dk tekur ds :i esa fuxZeu djus ij fuEu nks izdkj ls izdVu
gksrk gSA
There will be two accounting treatment for such
disclosure.
Note : -
'kks/ku dks"k lapkfyr djuk (Maintain sinking fund)
 fdlh nkf;Ro fo'ks"k dk fuokZg djus ds fy, Sinking Fund LFkkfir fd;k
tkrk gSA
For settlement of liability we may creat sinking fund.
 Sinking Fund Investment ls izkIr vk; dh jkf'k dks Sinking
Fund [kkrs esa Cr. fd;k tkrk gSA
Income received from sinking fund investment will be
credited to sinking fund account.
 Sinking Fund Investment dks cspus ls gksus okyh ykHk gkfu dks Hkh
Sinking Fund esa Transfer fd;k tk;sxkA gkfu gksus ij Sinking
Fund Dr. rFkk ykHk gksus ij Sinking Fund Cr. gksxkA
Profit/loss on sale of sinking fund investment will be
transferred to sinking fund account, in case of loss
sinking fund account will be debited and in case of
profit sinking fund account will be credited.
 Sinking Fund [kkrs dk 'ks"k vUr esa lkekU; lap; [kkrs esa gLrkarfjr djsaxsA
At last sinking fund account balance will be transferred
to general reserve account.
udn ds vfrfjDr vU; izfrQy Lo:i _.ki=ksa dk fuxZeu
(Issue of debenture other than cash)
 tc dEiuh m/kkj lEifÙk [kjhnrh gS rks ys[kk fuxZeu gksxk&
At the time of credit purchase of fixed assets
Assets A/c Dr.
To Vendor
¼Ø; izfrQy Purchase Consideration dh jkf'k ls½
 tkjh fd;s tkus okys _.ki=ksa dh la[;k = Ø; izfrQy@fuxZeu ewY;
Number of debenture to be issued = Purchase Consideration/
Issues price
Note:- _.ki=ksa ij vfHkxksiu deh'ku dh nj fuxZeu ewY; dk 2.5% gSA
2.5% underwriting commission will be payable on
debenture.
Note : -
• Debenture A/c
• Premium on Redemption of Debenture nksuksa O;fDrxr [kkrs gSaA
Both are personal account. (nksuksa O;fDrxr [kkrs gSaA)
_.ki=ksa dk fuxZeu
Issue of Debenture
1. dEiuh dks iwath miyC/k djkus dh lcls izpfyr iwjd fof/k gSA
(a) _.ki= tkjh djuk
(b) iwokZf/kdkj va'k tkjh djuk
(c) lkekU; va'k tkjh djuk
The most common method of supplementing the
capital available to a company is
(a) To issue debentures
(b) To issue preference shares
(c) To issue equity shares
2. ,d dEiuh ds vkfFkZd fpB~Bs esa] _.k i=ksa dks fdl 'kh"kZd ds vUrxZr fn[kk;k
tkrk gS%
(a) xSj pkyw nkf;Ro
(b) vukjf{kr _.k
(c) lap; ,oa vkf/kD;
(d) pkyw nkf;Ro
In the balance sheet of a company, Debentures are
shown under the head:
(a) Non Current Liabilities
(b) Unsecured Loans
(c) Reserves and Surplus
(d) Current liabilities.
3. dEiuh vf/kfu;e ds vuqlkj ÞvftZr rFkk ns; _.ki= C;ktß fn[kk;k tkuk
pkfg,&
(a) _.ki= [kkrs ds vUrxZr
(b) pkyw nkf;Ro ds :i esa
(c) ,d izko/kku crkSj
(d) cSad 'ks"k ls ,d dVkSrh ds :i esa
As per the Companies Act, "Interest accrued and due
on debentures" should be shown
(a) Under Debentures Account
(b) As Current liabilities
(c) As Provision
(d) As a reduction of bank balance
4. fuEu esa dkSu okgd _.ki=ksa dk ,d y{k.k ugha gS\
(a) mudks ijkØE; izi=ksa ds :i esa ekuk tkrk gSA
(b) mudk vUrj.k gLrkarj.k ds lfons dh vis{kk djrk gSA
(c) os ek= lqiqnZxh ls gLrkarj.kh; gSA
(d) ml ij C;kt mds /kkjd dks igpku dks ns[ks fcuk gh pqdk;k tkrk gSaA
Which of the following is not a characteristic of Bearer

Debentures?
(a) They are treated as negotiable instruments.
(b) They transfer requires a deed of transfer
(c) They are transferable by mere delivery
(d) The interest on it is paid to the holder irrespective
of identity.
5. _.ki=ksa dks /kkj.k djus okys dEiuh ds--------------gksrs gS
(a) ysunkj
(b) nsunkj
(c) Lokeh@ekfyd
(d) cSadj
Debenture holders are called _____ of the Company.

(a) Creditors
(b) Debtors
(c) Owners
(d) Bankers
6. _.ki=/kkjd&
(a) dEiuh ds Lokeh gSa
(b) dEiuh ds _.knkrk gSa
(c) dEiuh ds nsunkj gSa
(d) dEiuh ds izU;klh gSa
Debenture holders are

(a) Owners of the company
(b) Creditors of the company
(c) Debtors of the company
(d) Trustee of the company
7. _.k i=ksa ds fuxZeu dh n'kk esa vfHkxksiu deh'ku brus ls vf/kd ugha gks
ldrh gSA
(a) 2%
(b) 2.5%
(c) 3%
(d) 5%
The under writing commission In case of debentures

can't exceed:
(a) 2%
(b) 2.5%
(c) 3%
(d) 5%
8. _.ki= gks ldrs gS------------------
1- ca/kd _.ki= ;k lk/kkj.k _.ki=
2- iathd`r _.ki= ;k okgd _.ki=
3- 'kks/; _.ki= ;k v'kks/; _.ki=
4- ifjorZuh; _.ki= ;k xSj ifjorZuh; _.ki=
(a) nksuksa 1 rFkk 2 mijksDr
(b) mijksDr nksuksa 1 rFkk 3
(c) mijksDr nksuksa 2 rFkk 3
(d) mijksDr lHkh 1, 2, 3 rFkk 4
8. Debentures can be.........
1- Mortgage debentures or simple debentures
2- Registered debentures or Bearer Debentures.
3- Redeemable Debentures or irredeemable Debentures.
4- convertible Debentures or non-convertible Debentures.
(a) Both 1 and 2 above
(b) Both 1 and 3 above
(c) Both 2 and 3 above
(d) All of 1,2,3 and 4 above
9. _.ki=ksa ds 'kks/ku ij izhfe;e [kkrk-------------gSA
(a) ,d okLrfod [kkrk
(b) ,d vokLrfod [kkrk&vk;
(c) ,d O;fDrxr [kkrk
(d) ,d vokLrfod [kkrk&O;;
Nature of premium on redemption of debenture

account will be
(a) Real account
(b) Nominal account-Income
(c) Personal account
(d) Nominal account-Expense
10. _.ki=ksa ds fuxZeu ij gkfu dks----------------ds :i esa fy;k tkrk gSA
(a) vewÙkZ lEifÙk
(b) vU; pkyw lEifÙk
(c) pkyw nkf;Ro
(d) vU; xSj pkyw lEifÙk
Loss on issue of debentures is treated as.....

(a) Intangible asset
(b) Other Current asset
(d) Other non-current assets
11. dsuk fy- us ns; 31 ekpZ 2006 rd vkosnu ij iw.kZr;k ns; 10 izfr'kr dh
dVkSrh ij izR;sd 100 :- okys 10000, 12 izfr'kr _.ki= fuxZfer fd;sA
12000 _.ki=ksa gsrq vkosnu izkIr gq,A 9 twu 2006 dks _.ki= vkoafVr
fd;s x;s FksA mlh frfFk ij okil dh tkus okyh vfrfjDr /kujkf'k gksxh&
(a) 180000 :- (b) 100000 :-
(c) 120000 :- (d) 150000 :-
Kena Ltd. Issued 10,000 12% Debentures of Rs. 100
each at a discount of 10%payable in full on application
by 31" March, 2006. Applications were received for
12,000 debentures. Debentures were allotted on 9th
June, 2006. The amount of excess money refunded on
the same date will be
(a) Rs.1,80,000. (b) Rs. 1,00,000.
(c) Rs.1,20,000. (d) Rs.1,50,000.
12. vuoj fy- us 99,00,000 :- ewY; dk Hkou Ø; fd;k rFkk 10% ds izhfe;e
ij izR;sd 100 :- okys 12% _.ki= fuxZfer fd;sA izhfe;e dh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 9,00,000 :-
(b) 10,00,000 :-
(c) 7,00,000 :-
(d) 8,00,000 :-
Anwar Ltd. Purchased building worth Rs. 99,00,000
and Issued 12% debentures of 100 each at a premium
of 10%. Premium amount will be:
(a) Rs. 9,00,000
(b) Rs. 10,00,000
(c) Rs. 7,00,000
(d) Rs. 8,00,000
13. leikf'Zod izfrHkwfr ds :i esa /kkfjr _.ki=ksa dh fLFkfr /kkjd C;kt izkIr
djrk gS%
(a) _.k ij
(b) _.k i=ksa ds vafdr ewY; ij
(d) dksbZ C;kt ugha fn;k tk,xk
The holder of debentures issued as collateral security

is entitled to interest on
(a) The amount of loan
(b) Face value of debentures
(d) No interest will be payable
14. leikf'Zod izfrHkwfr ds :i esa tkjh _.ki= gS&
(a) nkf;Roksa ds ;ksx esa tksM+k tkrk gSA
(b) lEifÙk;ksa ds ;ksx esa tksM+k tkrk gSA
(c) a ,oa b nksuksa
Debentures issued as collateral security is

(a) Added in the total of liabilities
(b) Added in the total of assets
15. 8000 10% _.ki=] 10 :- izfr] dh ,d leikf'Zod izfrHkwfr dks 1 tuojh
2006 dks fy;s x;s 1,00,000 :- ds ,d _.k ds LFkku ij 25% izhfe;e
ij tkjh fd;k x;kA o"kZ ds vUr esa] C;kt dks pqdk;k x;k&
(a) _.ki=ksa ds izkafdr ewY; ij
(b) vnÙk _.k dh jkf'k ij
(c) _.k [kkrs rFkk _.k i=ksa ij izkafdr ewY; ds vUrj ij
15. A collateral security of 8,000 10% Debentures of Rs.10
each has been issued at a premium of 25% to A in lieu
of a loan of Rs.1,00,000 taken on 16 January, 2006. At
the end of the year, Interest was paid on:
(a) The nominal value of debentures
(b) The amount of loan outstanding
(c) Difference of loan amount and nominal value of
debentures
16. tc _.ki=ksa dks lgk;d izfrHkwfr ds :i esa fuxZfer fd;k tkrk gS rks C;kt
fn;k tkrk gSA
(a) _.ki= ds uke ek= ewY; ij
(b) _.ki= ds le ewY; ij
(c) NwV ds ckn ds _.ki=ksa ds ewY; ij
(d) dksbZ C;kt ugha fn;k tk;sxkA
When debentures are issued as collateral security,
Interest is paid on
(a) Nominal value of debentures
(b) Face value of debentures
(c) Discounted value of debentures
(d) No interest is paid
17. tc _.ki=ksa dks lkeikf'Zod izfrHkwfr ds :i esa tkjh fd;k tkrk gS rks iqLrdksa
esa ysunsu ds vfHkys[ku gsrq vfUre izfof"V gksrh gS%
(a) _.ki= mpfUr [kkrk MsfcV] _.ki= [kkrk ØsfMV
(b) dksbZ izfof"V ugha dh tk;sxh
When debentures are issued as collateral security,
which entry has to be passed:
(a) Debenture suspense A/c Dr.
To Debenture
(b) No entry has to be made
(c) Either (a) or (b)
(d) None
18. v fy- us 10 :- dh nj ds 10,000 12% _.ki=ksa dk le ewY; ij fuxZeu
fd;k ftudk 30% izhfe;e ij izR;sd o"kZ dh lekfIr ij 5 o"kksaZ rd leku
jkf'k ij 'kks/ku gksxkA pkSFks rFkk ikaposa o"kZ esa 'kks/ku ij gkfu dh fdruh jkf'k
dk vifyf[kr gksxk\
(a) :- 10,000, 'kwU; (b) :- 4,000, 4,000 :-
(c) :- 6,000, 6,000 :- (d) :- 4,000, 2,000 :-
A Ltd. issued 10,000 12% debentures of Rs. 10 each at
par which are redeemable at the end of each year lots
in 5 years at a premium of 30%. The amount of loss on
redemption of debentures to be written off in fourth
and fifth year will be:
(a) Rs. 10,000, Nil (b) Rs. 4,000, Rs. 4,000
(c) Rs. 60,000, Rs. 6,000 (d) Rs. 4,000, Rs. 2,000
19. ,Q fy- us th dEiuh ls 400000 :- iqLrd ewY; dh e'khujh Ø; dhA
izfrQy dk Hkqxrku izR;sd 100 :- okys 10 izfr'kr _.ki=ksa dks 20 izfr'kr
dVkSrh ij tkjh djds fd;kA _.ki= [kkrk ØsfMV fd;k x;k&
(a) 4,00,000 :- esa (b) 5,00,000 :- esa
(c) 3,20,000 :- esa (d) 4,80,000 :- esa
F Ltd. purchased Machinery from G Company for a
book value of Rs.4,00,000. The consideration was paid
by issue of 10% debentures of Rs.100 each at a
discount of 20%. The debenture account was credited
with
(a) Rs.4,00,000
(b) Rs.5,00,000
(c) Rs.3,20,000
(d) Rs.4,80,000
20. r{k fy- us n{k fy- ls 500000 :- iqLrdh; ewY; dk Hkwfe ,oa Hkou Ø;
fd;kA izfrQy dk Hkqxrku 20 izfr'kr NwV ij izR;sd 100 :- okys 10
izfr'kr _.ki=ksa ds fuxZeu }kjk fd;k x;kA _.ki= [kkrk dks ØsfMV fd;k
tk;sxkA
(a) 6,00,000 :- (b) 6,25,000 :-
(c) 5,00,000 :- (d) 5,50,000 :-
Taksh Ltd. purchased land and building from Daksh
Ltd. for a book value of Rs.5,00,000. The consideration
was paid by issue of 10% Debentures of Rs.100 each
at a discount of 20%. The debentures account will be
credited with
(a) Rs.6,00,000 (b) Rs.6,25,000
(c) Rs.5,00,000 (d) Rs.5,50,000
21. vksesxk fy- us vYQk fy- ls 60 yk[k :- ds Ø; izfrQy gsrq lEifÙk;k¡ Ø;
dhA ;g r; fd;k x;k fd Ø; izfrQy dk fuLrkj.k 20 izfr'kr ds izhfe;e
ij izR;sd 10 :- okys 10 izfr'kr _.ki=ksa dks fuxZfer djds fd;k tk;sxkA
fuxZfer _.ki=ksa dh la[;k gksxh&
(a) 6,000 (b) 1,00,00
(c) 5,00,000 (d) mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ugha
Omega Ltd. purchased assets of Alfa Ltd. for
purchase consideration of Rs.60 lacs. It was decided
that the purchase consideration will be discharged by
issue of 10% debentures of Rs.10/-each at a premium
of 20%. The number of debentures issued will be
(a) 6,000. (b) 1,00,00.
(c) 5,00,000. (d) None of the above.
22. T fyfeVsM us U fyfeVsM ls Hkwfe ,oa Hkou 200000 :- ewY; dk [kjhnkA
ftldk Hkqxrku 100 :- okys 12% _.ki=ksa dks 20% cV~Vs ij tkjh fd;k
x;kA _.ki= dk [kkrk tek fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) 200000 :- (b) 250000 :-
(c) 240000 :- (d) 160000 :-
T Ltd. purchased land & building from U Ltd. for a
value of Rs. 2,00,000. The consideration was paid by
issue of 12% debentures of Rs, 100 each at a discount
of 20%. The debentures account will be credited with:
(a) Rs. 2,00,000
(b) Rs. 2,50,000
(c) Rs. 2,40,000
(d) Rs. 1,60,000
23. ,Dl fy- us okbZ fy- dh fuEuor lEifÙk;k¡ Ø; dha& 20,00,000 :- dk
la;U= ,oa 18,00,000 :- esa] 30,00,000 :- dk Hkwfe o Hkou]
42,00,000 :- esa] 55,00,000 :- ds Ø; izfrQy gsrq 10,00,000 #-
udn fn;s x;s rFkk 'ks"k gsrq 20% ds izhfe;e ij izR;sd 100 :- okys 8%
_.ki= tkjh fd;sA foØsrkvksa dks tkjh fd;s x;s _.ki=ksa dh la[;k gksxh&
(a) 37,000
(b) 37,500
(c) 35,500
(d) 38,000
23. X Ltd. purchased assets of Y Ltd. as under Plant and
machinery of Rs. 20,00,000 at Rs. 18,00,000; Land and
building of Rs. 30,00,000 at Rs. 42,00,000 for purchase
consideration of Rs. 55,00,000 and pald Rs. 10,00,000
in cash and remaining by issue of 8% debentures of
100 each at a premium of 20%. No. of debentures
issued to vendors will be
(a) Rs. 37,000
(b) Rs. 37,500
(c) Rs. 35,500
(d) Rs. 38,000
24. r:.k fyfeVsM us 4 yk[k :i;s ds iqLrdh; ewY; gsrq o:.k fyfeVsM ls Hkou
[kjhnkA izfrQy dks 100 :- izfr ds 12 izfr'kr _.ki=ksa dks 20 izfr'kr ds
cV~Vs ij tkjh djds pqdk;k x;kA _.k i= [kkrs dks ØsfMV fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) 5,00,000 :- (b) 4,00,000 :-
(c) 1,00,000 :- (d) mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ugha
Tarun Ltd. purchased building from Varun Ltd. for a
book value of Rs.400000. The consideration was paid
by issue of 12% debentures of Rs. 100 each at a
discount of 20%. The debenture account will be
credited
(a) Rs. 5,00,000
(b) Rs. 4,00,000
(c) Rs. 1,00,000
25. _.ki=ksa ds fuxZeu ij gkfu dks lkekU;r%------------esa vifyf[kr fd;k tkrk gSA
(a) 10 o"kZ
(b) 8 o"kZ
(c) 'kks/ku dh vof/k ds nkSjku
(d) 15 o"kZ
Loss on issue of Debentures is generally written off in

(a) 10 years
(b) 8 years
(c) Over the period of redemption
(d) 15 years
26. _.ki=ksa ds fuxZeu ij dVkSrh---------------gSA
(a) fuxZeu okys o"kZ esa yxkbZ tkus okyh vk;xr gkfu
(b) iw¡th lap; ls vifyf[kr dh tkus okyh iw¡thxr gkfu
(c) _.ki=ksa dh vof/k esa vifyf[kr dh tkus okyh iw¡thxr gkfu
(d) [;kfr ds :i esa fn[kkbZ tkus okyh iw¡thxr gkfu
Discount on issue of debentures is a ______

(a) Revenue loss to be charged in the year of issue
(b) Capital loss to be written off from capital reserve
(c) Capital loss to be written off over the tenure of the
debentures
(d) Capital loss to be shown as goodwill
27. tsM+ fy- us ,d la;U= ,oa ;U= dks 2,00,000 :- esa [kjhnk 65,000 :-
uxn esa rFkk 'ks"k 10% dh dVkSfr ij izR;sd 1,000 :- okys 6% _.ki=ksa
dk fuxZeu djds ns; gSA _.ki=ksa ds fuxZeu ij dVkSrh gksxh&
(a) 15,000 :- (b) 14,000 :-
Z Ltd. purchased plant and machinery for Rs. 2,00,000
payable as Rs. 65,000 in cash and the balance by an
issue of 6% debentures of Rs. 1,000 each at a
discount of 10% Discount on Issue of debentures will
be
(a) Rs. 15,000
(b) Rs. 14,000
(c) Rs. 10,000
28. ,d dEiuh us 1 tuojh] 2001 dks 6% dh dVkSfr ij 1,00,000 ds vafdr
ewY; ds _.ki= tkjh fd;sA ;s _.ki= izR;sd o"kZ 31 fnlEcj dks
20,000 :- ds okf"kZd vkgj.kksa }kjk 'kks/kuh; gSaA lapkydksa us vnÙk _.ki=ksa
ij vk/kkfjr dVkSrh dk viys[ku djus dk fu.kZ; fd;kA 5osa o"kZ esa vifyf[kr
dh tku okyh dVkSrh dh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 400 :-
(b) 600 :-
(c) 800 :-
28. A company issued debentures of the face value of Rs.
1,00,000 at a discount of 6% on Jan. 1, 2009. These
debentures are redeemable by annual drawings of Rs.
20,000 made on 31st Dec, each year. The directors
decided to write off discount based on the debentures
outstanding each year. Amount of discount to be
written off in the 5th year will be
(a) Rs. 400
(b) Rs. 600
(c) Rs. 800
29. ,d la;qDr LdU/k dEiuh ds ryiV esa] fuEufyf[kr 'ks"k fn;s x;s gSa&
MsfcV ØsfMV
(i) 10 izfr'kr cU/kd _.ki= 1,00,000
¼ik¡p o"kZ ckn ns;½
(ii) _.ki=ksa ds fuxZeu ij nh x;h dVkSfr 2,000
izfr o"kZ vifyf[kr dVkSfr dh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 500 :-
(b) 800 :-
(c) 400 :-
29. In the trial balance of a joint stock company, the
following balances are given
Dr. Cr
Rs. Rs.
(i) 10% Mortgage Debentures 1,00,000
(Payable after five years)
(ii) Discount allowed on issue of 2000
debentures Amount of discount
written off per year will be
(a) Rs. 500
(b) Rs. 800
(c) Rs. 400
30. ,d dEiuh 97% ij izR;sd 1,000 :- okys 100 _.ki= tkjh djrh gSA ;s
5 o"kksZa esa fd;s x;s leku okf"kZd vkgj.k }kjk ykHkksa esa ls iquHkqZxrku ;ksX; gSA
_.ki=ksa ds fuxZeu ij dVkSrh dks vifyf[kr djus dk vuqikr gS&
(a) 5 : 4 : 3 : 2 : 1
(b) 4 : 3 : 2 : 1 : 1
(c) 3 : 3 : 4 : 2 : 1 : 1
A company issues 100 debentures of Rs. 1,000 each
at 97 per cent These are repayable out of profits equal
drawing over 5 years. Discount on issue of
debentures will be written of
(a) 5:4:3:2:1 (b) 4:3:2:1:1
(c) 3:3:4:2:1:1 (d) None of the three
31. tc _.ki= fofHkUu frfFk;ksa dks 'kks/; gksrs gS rks _.ki=ksa ds fuxZeu ij cV~Vsa
dh dqy jkf'k dks vifyf[kr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
(a) o"kksaZ ds vadksa ds ;ksx fof/k dks ykxw djds
(b) izfro"kZ ljy js[kk fof/k ykxw djds gj lky
(c) 'kks/ku ds vafre o"kZ esa iwjh jkf'k ykHk&gkfu [kkrs ds izfr
(d) 'kks/ku ds igys o"kZ esa iwjh ykHk&gkfu [kkrs ds izfr
31. When debentures are redeemable at different dates,
the total amount of discount on Issue of debentures
should be written off:
(a) Every year by applying the sum of the year's digit
method.
(b) Every year by applying the straight line method.
(c) To profit and loss account in full in the year or final
or last redemption. .
(d) To profit and loss account in full in the year of first
redemption.
32. Vh fy- us vizsy] 1, 2004 dks 10 izfr'kr dVkSrh ij 20,00,000 :- ds
14 izfr'kr _.ki= fuxZfer fd;s rFkk dEiuh izfr o"kZ twu 30 ,oa fnlEcj
31 ds v)Zokf"kZd C;kt dk Hkqxrku djrh gSA ekpZ 31, 2006 dks vkfFkZd
fpV~Bs esa ÞmikftZr ijUrq vns; C;ktß dh iznf'kZr jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 70000 :-
(b) 210000 :-
(c) 14000 :-
(d) 280000 :-
32. T Ltd, has issued 14% Debentures of Rs.20,00,000 at a
discount of 10% on April 01, 2004 and the company
pays interest half-yearly on June 30, and December 31
every year. On March 31, 2006, the amount shown as
"Interest accrued but not due" in the Balance Sheet
will be
(a) Rs. 70,000
(b) Rs. 2,10,000
(c) Rs. 1,40,000
(d) Rs. 2,80,000
33. 1 ebZ 2003 dks] okbZ fy- us 20 izhfe;e ij izR;sd 100 :- okys 7 izfr'kr
40,000 ifjorZuh; _.ki= fuxZfer fd;sA C;kt izfr o"kZ flrEcj 30 ,oa
ekpZ 31 dks ns; gSA ;g ekurs gq, fd C;kt fuxZeu dh frfFk ls 'kq: gksrk gS]
31 ekpZ] 2004 dks lekIr o"kZ gsrq ykHk&gkfu [kkrs esa MsfcV fd;k x;k C;kt
O;; gksxk&
(a) 280000 :-
(b) 233333 :-
(c) 336000 :-
(d) 256667 :-
33. On May 01, 2009, Y Ltd. Issued 7% 40,000 convertible
debentures of Rs.100 each at a premium of 20%.
Interest is payable on September 30 and March 31,
every year. Assuming that the interest runs from the
date of issue, the amount of interest expenditure
debited to profit and loss account for the year ended
March 31, 2010 will be
(a) Rs. 2,80,000
(b) Rs. 2,33,333
(c) Rs. 3,36,000
(d) Rs. 2,56,667
34. _.ki=ksa ij ns; C;kt gSA
(a) dEiuh ds ykHkksa dk fu;kstu
(b) dEiuh ds ykHkksa ij izHkkj
(c) flafdax Q.M esa gLrkUrj.k
(d) fofo/k O;; ekuk tkrk gS ftl fpV~Bs esa fn[kk;k tk;sxk
Interest Payable on debentures is

(a) An appropriation of profit of the Company.
(b) A charge against profits of the company.
(c) Transferred to Sinking Fund A/c
(d) Treated as Miscellaneous Expenditure to be shown
in Balance sheet.
35. C;kt dh x.kuk izfrHkwfr;ksa ds-----------------------ij gksrh gSA
(a) cktkj ewY;
(b) vafdr ewY;
(c) Ø; ewY;
Interest is calculated on ________securities

(a) Market value
(b) Face value
(c) Purchase value
36. Vh fyfeVsM us 1 vizSy] 2009 dks 10 izfr'kr ds cV~Vs ij 20,00,000 :-
ds 14 izfr'kr _.ki= tkjh fd;s rFkk dEiuh izR;sd o"kZ 30 twu rFkk 31
fnlEcj dks Nekgh C;kt pqdkrh gSA ekpZ 31, 2011 dks fpV~Bs esa ÞvftZr
fdUrq ns; ughaß C;kt dh jkf'k fn[kkbZ tk;sxh%
(a) 70,000 :- (b) 2,10,000 :-
(c) 1,40,000 :- (d) 2,80,000 :-
T Ltd. has issued 14% Debentures of Rs. 20,00,000 at
a discount of 10% on April 01, 2009 and the company.
pays Interest half-yearly on June 30, and December 31
every year. On March 31, 2011, the amount shown as
"interest accrued but not due" In the Balance Sheet
will be:
(a) Rs. 70,000 (b) Rs. 2,10,000
(c) Rs. 1,40,000 (d) Rs. 2,80,000
37. dEiuh vf/kfu;e ds vuqlkj ÞvftZr rFkk ns; _.ki= C;ktß dks fn[kk;k tkuk
pkfg;s%
(a) _.ki=ksa ds vUrxZr
(b) ,d pkyw nkf;Ro ds :i esa
(c) izko/kkuksa ds :i esa
(d) cSad 'ks"k dh deh ds :i esaA
As per the companies Act, "Interest accrued and due
on debentures" should be shown:
(a) Under debentures
(b) As Current Liabilities
(c) As Provisions
(d) As a reduction of bank balance
38. _.ki=/kkjh izkIr djrs gSa&
(a) ykHkka'k
(b) ik"knZ vUrfuZ;e ds vuqlkj feyk vf/kdkj
(c) dEiuh dk LokfeRo
(d) fLFkj nj ls C;kt dh
A debenture holder gets:

(a) Dividend
(b) Right prescribed in articles
(c) Ownership of the company
(d) Interest at fixed rates
39. xzhu fy- us 5% ds izhfe;e ij 5 o"kZ ckn iquHkqZxrku fd;s tkus ;ksX; 5% dh
dVkSrh ij izR;sd 100 :- okys 5,000, 6% _.ki= fuxZfer fd;sA _.ki=ksa
ds fuxZeu ij dqy gkfu------------------gksxhA
(a) 40,000 :-
(b) 50,000 :-
(c) 60,000 :-
(d) 70,000 :-
Green Ltd. issued 5,000, 6% debentures of Rs. 100 each
at a discount of 5% repayable after 5 years at a premium
of 5%. Total loss on issue of debentures will be.
(a) Rs. 40,000
(b) Rs. 50,000
(c) Rs. 60,000
(d) Rs. 70,000
40. fuEu esa ls dkSulk dFku vlR; gSA
(a) bfDoVh Lokfe;ksa ls lacaf/kr gS tcfd _.k _.ki= /kkjh ls
(b) _.ki=ksa ij C;kt dh njs LFkk;h gksrh gSA
(c) lekiu dh fLFkfr esa _.ki=/kkfj;ksa dks lerk va'kksa ij izkFkfedrk gksrh gSA
(d) _.ki=ksa ij C;kt ykHk ij fu;kstu
Which of the following is false?
(a) Equity is owner's stake and the debenture is a debt.
(b) Rate of interest on debentures is fixed.
(c) Debenture holders get preferential treatment over
the equity holders at the time of liquidation.
(d) Interest on debentures is an appropriation of profits.
41. fuEu esa ls dkSu ls dFku lR; gS\
(a) _.ki= /kkjd dEiuh ds Lokeh gksrs gSA
(b) ,d _.ki= /kkjd dsoy dEiuh ds lekiu gh viuk iSlk okfil ik ldrk gSAa
(c) ,d _.ki= tks cV~Vs ij tkjh fd;k x;k gS izhfe;e ij foekspu fd;k tk ldrk gSA
(d) ,d _.ki= /kkjd dsoy ykHkksa dh n'kksa esa C;kt izkIr djrk gSA
Which of the following statement is true?
(a) A debenture holder is an owner of the company.
(b) A debenture holder can get his money back only
on the liquidation of the company.
(c) A debenture issued at a discount can be redeemed
at a premium.
(d) A debenture holder receives interest only in the
event of profits.
42. fuEu esa ls dkSu ls dFku vlR; gSA
(a) ifjiDork ij _.ki= /kkjd 'kks/ku dh 'krksaZ ds vuqlkj viuk /ku okfil
ik tkrs gSA
(b) _.ki=ksa dk ;kpuk jkf'k ds u pqdkus ij tCr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
(c) dEiuh ds fpV~Bs es]a _.ki=ksa dks xSj pkyw nkf;Ro ds :i esa fn[kk;k tkrk gS]
(d) _.ki=ksa ij C;kt dks ykHkksa ds izfr pktZ fd;k tkrk gSA
Which of the following statement is false?
(a) At maturity, debenture holders get back their money as
per the terms and conditions of redemption.
(b) Debenture can be forfeited for non payment of call
money.
(c) In company's balance sheet, debentures are shown
under non current liability.
(d) Interest on debentures is charge against profits.
43. fuEu esa ls dkSu ls dFku vlR; gS\
(a) ,d dEiuh ifjorZuh; _.ki= tkjh dj ldrh gSA
(b) _.ki= vkjf{kr ugha gks ldrs gSA
(c) ,d dEiuh 'kks/; _.ki= tkjh dj ldrh gSA
(d) _.ki=ksa dks vius fu;r C;kt ds Åij ykHkksa esa Hkkx ysus dk dksbZ vf/kdkj
ugha gksxkA
Which of the following statements is false?
(a) A company can issue convertible debentures
(b) Debenture cannot be secured
(c) A company can issue redeemable debentures
(d) Debentures have no right to participate in profits
over and above their fixed interest
44. _.ki=ksa ds lEcU/k esa fuEu esa D;k D;k lgh gS\
(a) mudksa jksdM+ ds fy, tkjh fd;k tk ldrk gSA
(b) mudksa jksdM+ ds vfrfjDr vU; izfrQy ds fy, tkjh fd;k tk ldrk gSA
(c) mudks lkeikf'oZd izfrHkwfr ds :i esa tkjh ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA
(d) mijksDr nksuksa a rFkk b
Which of the following is/are true with respect to
debentures?
(a) They can be issued for cash
(b) They can be issued for consideration other than cash
(c) They cannot be issued as collateral security
45. fuEu esa ls dkSu vlR; gS\
(a) ,d dEiuh 'kks/; _.ki= tkjh dj ldrh gSA
(b) ,d dEiuh erkf/kdkj ds lkFk _.ki= tkjh dj ldrh gSA
(c) ,d dEiuh vius va'kksa dk Ø; dj ldrh gSA
(d) ,d dEiuh vius gh _.ki= [kjhn ldrh gSA
Which of the following is false?

(a) A company can issue redeemable debentures.
(b) A company can issue debentures with voting rights...
(c) A company can buy its own shares
(d) A company can buy its own debentures.
46. _.ki=ksa ds fuxZeu ij gkfu dks n'kkZ;k tk;sxk%
(a) vn`'; lEifÙk
(b) xSj pkyw nkf;Ro dh rjg
(c) pkyw nkf;Ro
(d) vU; pkyw@xSj pkyw lEifÙk dh rjg
Loss on issue of debentures is treated as

(a) Intangible asset
(b) Non Current liability
(d) Other Current/non Current Assets
ANSWER KEY
1 A 2 A 3 B 4 B 5 A
6 B 7 B 8 D 9 C 10 D
11 A 12 A 13 A 14 C 15 B
16 D 17 C 18 D 19 B 20 B
21 C 22 B 23 B 24 A 25 C
26 C 27 A 28 A 29 C 30 A
31 A 32 A 33 D 34 B 35 B
36 A 37 B 38 D 39 B 40 D
41 C 42 B 43 B 44 D 45 B
46 D
Hkkjrh; lk>snkjh vf/kfu;e 1932
ifjp; ¼;wfuV&1½
Indian Partnership Act
1932
Introduction (Unit-1)
LLP - Limited Laibility Partnership
 ;g lk>snkjh dk izdkj ugha gS cfYd mldk ,d izk:i gSA
It is not a type of partnership but a format of partnership.
 LLP dk jftLVªs'ku ROC esa gksrk gSA
LLP is registered in ROC.
 LLP vf/kfu;e 2008 ls 'kkflr gksrh gSA
The LLP Act is governed by 2008.
 LLP esa Tax rks QeZ dh rjg yxrk gS ysfdu Qk;ns fuxfer fudk;
Company ds feyrs gSaA
Tax in LLP will be like a firm but the advantages are
available from the corporate body Company.
 LLP esa lk>snkjksa dk nkf;Ro muds va'knku dh jkf'k rd lhfer gksrk gSA
The liability of partners in LLP is limited to the amount
of their contribution.
 LLP dk iath;u@lekesyu vfuok;Z gSA
Registration of LLP is mandatory.
 U;wure 2 lk>snkj] vf/kdre ij dksbZ izfrca/k ugha gSA
Minimum 2 partners, no restrictions on maximum.
 QeZ vkSj lk>snkjksa dk i`Fkd&i`Fkd vfLrRo gksrk gSA
Firms and partners have separate existence.
 blesa fons'kh lk>snkj laHko gSA
Foreign partners are possible.
 Hkkjrh; lk>snkjh vf/kfu;e 1932 dh /kkjk 4 esa lk>snkjh dks ifjHkkf"kr fd;k
x;k gSA
Partnership is defined in Section 4 of the Indian
Partnership Act, 1932
 ;g vf/kfu;e 1 vDVwcj 1932 dks ykxw gks x;kA
The Act came into force on 1st October 1932.
 ;g vf/kfu;e tEew ,oa d'ehj jkT; dks NksM+dj lEiw.kZ Hkkjr esa ykxw gksrk gSA
The Act is applicable throughout India except the State
of Jammu and Kashmir.
 bl vf/kfu;e esa dqy 8 v/;k; rFkk ,d vuqlwfpr ,oa dqy 74 /kkjk,a gSaA
The Act consists of a total of 8 chapters and one
scheduled and a total of 74 sections.
 lk>snkjh ds izdkj&
Types of partnerships-
(1) ,sfPNd lk>snkjh
Voluntary partnership
(2) fof'k"V lk>snkjh
Specific partnership
 lk>snkjh esa lk>snkjksa ds nkf;Ro vlhfer gksrs gSaA
The liability of partners in partnership are unlimited.
 lk>snkjh QeZ dk iath;u djokuk ,sfPNd gSA
Registration of a partnership firm is voluntary.
 lk>snkjh QeZ dk fuekZ.k vuqca/k@Bgjko@le>kSrs ls gksrk gSA
The partnership firm is created by contract/ agreement.
 lk>snkjh QeZ ds fuekZ.k ds le; ij vo;Ld dks 'kkfey ugha fd;k tk ldrkA
Minors cannot be included at the time of formation of a
partnership firm.
 ,d fo|eku lk>snkjh QeZ esa vo;Ld dks dsoy ykHkksa esa fgLls ds fy, 'kkfey
dj ldrs gSaA vo;Ld gkfu ds izfr dksbZ ;ksxnku ugha nsxkA
In existing partnership can include minors in the firm
only for a share in the profit. The minor will not
contribute to the loss.
 fuEu nks i{kdkj gkfu ds izfr ;ksxnku ugha nsaxs
The following two parties will not contribute towards
loss
(i) vo;Ld lk>snkj
Minor partners
(ii) U;wure ykHkksa dh xkjaVh izkIr lk>snkj
Guaranteed minimum benefits
 lk>snkjh QeZ esa lk>snkj ,ts.V ds :i esa dk;Z djrs gSa rFkk muds chp ,stsUlh
dk laca/k gksrk gSA
Partners in the partnership firm act as agents and the
relation between them is called agency.
 lk>snkjh lays[k@Bgjko % ;s nksuksa fyf[kr@ekSf[kd xfHkZr gks ldrs gSa ysfdu
Hkfo"; ds fooknksa ls cpus ds fy, bls fyf[kr esa cukuk Js"B gksxkA lays[k
cuk;k tk;s vkSj U;k;ky; esa iathd`r gksA
Partnership agreement/deed: Both of them may be
written/oral/ implied but it would be best to make it in
writing to avoid future disputes. The deed should be
made written and registered in the court.
 D;ksafd Bgjko U;k;ky; esa iathd`r ugha gks ldrk tcfd lays[k U;k;ky; esa
iathd`r gks ldrk gSA
Because the agreement cannot be registered in the
court while the deed may be registered in the court.
 lk>snkjh lays[k@Bgjko esa mu lHkh lger 'krksaZ dk lekos'k gksrk gS tks
lk>snkjksa ds chp r; gqbZ gSaA
Partnership deed incorporates all agreed terms and
conditions that have been set between the partners.
 lk>snkjh lays[k@Bgjko ds vHkko esa] vuqifLFkfr esa] erHksn gksus ij Lor% gh
Hkkjrh; lk>snkjh vf/kfu;e 1932 ds fuEu nks izko/kku ykxw gks tk;saxs&
In the absence of partnership deed/agreement, the
following two provisions of the Indian Partnership Act,
1932 will automatically come into force if there are
differences:
(i) ;fn fdlh lk>snkj us QeZ dks iwath ds vfrfjDr dksbZ jkf'k@
_.k@vfxze@tekur ds :i esa nh gS rks mls bl ij 6% okf"kZd lk/kkj.k dh
nj ls C;kt fn;k tk;sxkA
If a partner has given any amount other than capital
like as loan/advance/security to the firm, then he will
be entitled interest @ 6% per annum simple.
;g 6% dk fu;e lk>snkjksa ij gh ykxw gksrk gS muds fj'rsnkjksa] r`rh; i{kdkjksa
cká i{kdkjksa ij ughaA
This 6% rule applies only to partners, not to their
relatives, third parties.
;g 6% _.k ij C;kt ykHkksa ij izHkkj gS ;kfu ykHk gks ;k gkfu pqdkuh iM+sxhA
Interest on loan will be charge on profit we have to pay
in case of profit or loss.
(ii) 'ks"k cps ykHk@gkfu dks lHkh lk>snkj cjkcj ckaVsaxsA
All partners will share the remaining profit/loss in
equal ratio.
Note:
 ljy 'kCnksa esa ;g Hkh dg ldrs gSa fd lays[k ds vHkko esa lk>snkjksa dks iwath ij
C;kt] osru] deh'ku] vkgj.k ij C;kt dk dksbZ lek;kstu ugha djsaxsA
In simple terms, you can also say that in the absence
of a partnership deed, the partners will not make any
adjustment of interest on capital, salary, commission.
 vxj iz'u esa ;g dgk tkrk gS fd x.kuk Hkkjrh; lk>snkjh vf/kfu;e 1932 ds
vk/kkj ij djsa rks vFkZ ;g gS fd lays[k ykxw ugha gks jgkA
If it is said in the question that the treatment will be
done on the basis of the Indian Partnership Act 1932,
it means that the deed is not applicable.
P & L Appropriation A/c
 ;g vokLrfod@uke ek= izd`fr dk [kkrk gSA
It is an account of nominal nature.
 bl [kkrs dk fuekZ.k ,dkadh O;kikj esa ugha fd;k tkrk cfYd lk>snkjh QeZ rFkk
dEiuh esa fd;k tkrk gSA
This account is not prepared for sole proprietor but in
a partnership firm and company we prepared.
 ykHk gkfu fu;kstu [kkrs dk fuekZ.k lk>snkjh lays[k rFkk Hkkjrh; lk>snkjh
vf/kfu;e 1932 ds izko/kkuksa ds vk/kkj ij djrs gSaA
P & L Appropriation account is created on the basis of
partnership deed and provisions of the Indian
Partnership Act, 1932.
 blesa lHkh ykHkksa ds fu;kstu dh ensa vkrh gSaA
It includes all items of appropriation.
 blesa pkyw o"kZ ds ykHkksa dk lk>snkjksa esa fd;k x;k forj.k fn[kk;k tkrk gSA
blesa fuEu ensa 'kkfey gksrh gSa&
It shows the distribution of current year profits to
partners. This includes the following items:
(i) lk>snkj dks osru] deh'ku] cksul
Salary, commission, bonus to the partner
(ii) iwath ij C;kt
Interest on capital
(iii) vkgj.k ij C;kt
Interest on drawing
(iv) ykHk&gkfu esa fgLlk
Share in profit and loss
Note:-
tc Hkh QeZ lk>snkj ds iwath [kkrs dks Cr djrh gS rks bldk vFkZ gS fd lk>snkj dk
iwath [kkrk c<+ jgk gS vkSj tc Hkh QeZ lk>snkj ds iwath [kkrs dks Dr. djrh gS rks
bldk vFkZ gS fd iwath [kkrs esa iSlk de gks jgk gSA
Whenever the firm credit the partner's capital account, it
means that the partner's capital account is increasing and
whenever the firm debit the partner's capital account, it
means that the money in the capital account is
decreasing.
Interest on Capital :-
 ;g ykHkksa dk fu;kstu gSA
This is the appropriation of profit.
 iwath ij C;kt rHkh fn;k tk;sxk tc lays[k esa izko/kku gksA
Interest on capital will be paid only if there is a
provision in the partnership deed.
 iwath ij C;kt rHkh fn;k tk;sxk tc pkyw o"kZ ds ykHk i;kZIr gksaA
Interest on capital will be paid only if the current year's
profits are adequate.
 vxj gkfu gS rks iwath ij C;kt ugha fn;k tk;sxk vkSj ;fn ykHk vi;kZIr gS rks Hkh
iwath ij C;kt ugha fn;k tk;sxk cfYd vi;kZIr ykHkksa dks iwath ds vuqikr esa ckaV
nsaxsA
If there is a loss, interest will not be paid on capital and
even if the profit is inadequate, interest on capital will
not be paid but insufficient profits will be divided in the
ratio of capital.
Interest on Drawing
 ;g QeZ ds fy, ,d vk; gSA
This is an income for the firm.
 vkgj.k ij C;kt rHkh olwy fd;k tk ldrk gS tc lays[k esa izko/kku gks rFkk
lk>snkj lger gksA
Interest on drawing can be recovered only if there is
provision in deed and the partner agrees.
 vxj iz'u esa vkgj.k o"kZ ds nkSjku@e/; esa fd;k tkrk gS rks vkgj.k ij C;kt
6 ekg dk olwy djsaxsA
If the drawing in question is made during/mid of the
year, the interest on drawing will be charged for 6
months.
 vxj iz'u esa vkgj.k dh Date ugha ns j[kh gS rks ge mls o"kZ ds e/; dk
vkgj.k ekusaxs o 6 ekg dk C;kt olwysaxsA
If the date of drawing is not given in the question, we
will consider it in middle of the year and charge 6
months interest.
 vxj vkgj.k vyx&vyx le; ij vyx&vyx jkf'k;ksa dk fd;k tkrk gS rks
C;kt dh x.kuk xq.kuQy fof/k ls dgrs gSaA
If the drawing is made of different amounts at different
times, the calculation of interest is calculated by the
product method.
 vxj vkgj.k fuf'pr le; ij fuf'pr jkf'k] fuf'pr varjky ij o"kZ Hkj fudk
yh tkrh gS rks vkgj.k ij C;kt fuEu ekg dk olwy fd;k tk;sxkA
If the drawing is at a certain time throughout the year
at a certain interval, the interest on drawing will be
charged for the following month.
izfrekg frekgh Nekgh
(Monthly) (Quarterly) (Half yearly)
izkjEHk esa 12  1 12  3 12  6
Beginning  6.5  7.5 9
2 2 2
e/; esa 12 12 12
Mid 6 6 6
2 2 2
vUr esa 12  1 12  3 12  6
End  5.5  4.5 3
2 2 2
lk>snkjh O;kikj esa iwath [kkrs j[kus dh fof/k;ka
fLFkj@LFkk;h iwath fof/k ifjorZu”khy iwath fof/k
blesa dsoy ,d [kkrk [kksyk tkrk gSA

iwath [kkrk pkyw [kkrk
Capital A/c
dsoy LFkk;h iwath iwath ds vfrfjDr
vU; lHkh O;ogkj bl [kkrs esa iwath rFkk vU; lHkh
“ks’k Cr.
O;ogkj ,d lkFk ,d txg ij vkrs gSaA
(i) iwath ij C;kt bl [kkrs dk “ks’k Dr. ;k Cr.
(ii) vkgj.k ij C;kt gks ldrk gS
(iii) osru] deh”ku] cksul
(iv) vkgj.k
(v) ykHkksa esa fgLlk
“ks’k Dr. ;k Cr. gks ldrk gS
lk>snkj dks U;wure ykHkksa dh xkj.Vh
Guarantee of minimum profits to the partner
 vxj fdlh lk>snkj dks QeZ esa U;wure ykHkksa dh xkjaVh nh x;h gS rks blds
laca/k esa nks fLFkfr;ka gSa&
If a partner is guaranteed minimum profits in the firm,
there are two conditions in respect of this:
(i) ;fn xkjaVh QeZ us nh gS % rks ,slh fLFkfr esa ;fn xkj.Vh dh jkf'k esa dksbZ deh
jgrh gS rks bl deh dks 'ks"k lk>snkj vius ykHk&gkfu vuqikr esa ogu djsaxsA
If the guarantee is given by firm: In such case, if there
is any shortfall in the amount of guarantee, the
remaining partners will bear the shortfall in their profit
and loss ratio.
Q. A : B = 2 : 1, os C dks QeZ esa 1/4 Hkkx ds fy, 'kkfey djrs gSa vkSj C dks
25000 :- U;wure ykHkksa dh izR;kHkwfr ¼xkj.Vh½ nh x;h gS] ykHkksa esa B dk
fgLlk D;k gksxkA ;fn QeZ ds ykHk 76000 :- gSA
A B C
76000 38000 19000 19000
2 1 1
-4000 -2000 +6000
34000 17000 25000
A : B = 2 : 1, they include C for 1/4 part in the firm and
C to Rs.2500. Guarantee of minimum profit is given,
what will be the share of B in the profits. If the firm's
profit is Rs. 76000.
A B C
76000 38000 19000 19000
2 1 1
-4000 -2000 +6000
34000 17000 25000
(ii) ysfdu xkj.Vh ;fn ,d lk>snkj }kjk nh tk;s rks deh dh jkf'k dks dsoy og
vdsyk gh ogu djsxkA
But the guarantee, if given by a partner, will bear the
amount of shortfall only by the partner who given
guarantee.
Note:-
vxj lk>snkjh lays[k dh ikyuk lgh ugha gks rks ykHk@gkfu xyr caV tkrs gSA vr%
mudk lq/kkj djus ds fy, P & L Addjustment A/c [kksyk tkrk gSA
If due to ignorance of partnership deed profit and loss
wrongly distributed then for rectification we have to open
P&L adjustment account
1. P & L Addjustment A/c fdl izd`fr dk [kkrk gSA vokLrfod@ukeek=
P&L Adjustment A/c accounts of what nature. nominal
2. lk>snkjh lays[k ds vHkko esa iwath ij C;kt dh nj gksxh\

(a) 6% (b) 12%
(c) cSad nj (d) Nil
Will there be a rate of interest on capital in the absence
of partnership deed?
(a) 6% (b) 12%
(c) Bank rate (d) Nil
3. fuEu esa ls lHkh ensa pkyw [kkrs esa fn[kkbZ tkrh gSa flok;
(a) Interest on Capital
(b) Interest on Drawing
(c) Salary
(d) Capital
All of the following items are shown in the current
account except
(a) Interest on Capital
(b) Interest on Drawing
(c) Salary
(d) Capital
4. fuEu esa ls lHkh fLFkfr;ksa esa QeZ [kkrsnkj ds iwath [kkrs dks Cr djsaxs flok;
(a) iwath ij C;kt
(b) osru
(c) _.k ij C;kt
(d) vkgj.k ij C;kt
5. A : B : C, 3 : 2 : 1 esa QeZ ds ykHk 6000 :- foHkkftr djrs gSa] ckn esa
Kkr gqvk fd lk>snkjh lays[k fo|eku ugha gSA v'kqf) lq/kkj izfof"V gksxh
A B C
3 2 1
6000 3000 2000 1000
| | |
6000 2000 2000 2000
A' Capital 1000
To C' Capital 1000
In all of the following situations, the firm shall credit
the capital account except
(a) Interest on capital
(b) Salary
(c) Interest on loan
(d) Interest on drawing
Note: ftlus T;knk fy;k gS QeZ mldk iwath [kkrk Dr. djsaxs vkSj ftlus de
fy;k gS QeZ mldk iwath [kkrk Cr. dj nsxhA
6. lk>snkjh QeZ ds laca/k esa fuEu esa dkSulk dFku vlR; gS\
(a) QeZ rFkk lk>snkj ds chp ,stsalh dk laca/k gksrk gSA
(b) vo;Ld lk>snkj gkfu ds izfr ;ksxnku ugha nsxkA
(c) iwath ij C;kt ykHkksa dk fu;kstu gSA
(d) lk>snkjh lays[k ekSf[kd Hkh Lohdk;Z gSA
Which of the following statements is false in relation to
the partnership firm?
(a) There is an agency relationship between the firm
and the partner.
(b) Minor partner shall not bear any loss.
(c) Interest on capital is appropriation of profit.
(d) Partnership deed is also verbally acceptable.
lk>snkjh [kkrksa dk ifjp;
Introducton to
Partnership Account
1. ,d lk>snkj QeZ ds fy,----------ds :i esa dke djrk gSA
(a) ,d ,ts.V
(b) r`rh; i{kdkj
(c) deZpkjh
A partner acts as…………….. for a firm.
(a) Agent
(b) Third Party
(c) Employee
2. ,sls O;fDr;ksa ds chp laca/k tks mu lHkh ds }kjk ;k muesa ls fdlh ds }kjk
pyk;s tk jgs fdlh O;olk; ds ykHkksa dks ckaVus ds fy, lger gq, gSa---------ds :i
esa tkuk tkrk gS\
(a) lk>snkjh (b) la;qDr miØe
(c) O;fDr;ksa dk la?k (d) O;fDr;ksa dh laLFkk
The relationship between persons who have agreed to

share the profit of a business carried on by all or any of
them acting for all is known as…………….
(a) Partnership
(b) Joint venture.
(c) Association of Persons
(d) Body of individuals.
3. ,d lk>snkjh QeZ ds y{k.k gSa%
(a) ,d Bgjko ds varxZr lkekU; O;olk; dks pyk jgs nks ;k vf/kd O;fDr
(b) fu/kkZfjr vuqikr esa ykHk gkfu ckaVuk
(c) O;olk; dk lHkh ds }kjk ;k muesa ls fdlh ds }kjk pyk;k tkuk
(d) mijksDr lHkh
Features of a partnership firm are:

(a) Two or more persons carrying common business
under an agreement.
(b) Sharing profits and losses in the fixed ratio.
(c) Business carried by all or any of them acting for all
4. lk>snkjh le>kSrs esa fdlh izko/kku ds vHkko es]a ykHkksa ,oa gkfu;ksa dks ckaVk tkrk gS&
(a) iwath ds vuqikr esa
(b) cjkcj
(c) muds }kjk lk>snkjh QeZ dks fn;s x;s _.k ds vuqikr esa
(d) dksbZ ugha
In the absence of any provision in the partnership
agreement, profits arid losses are shared
(a) In the ratio of capitals.
(b) Equally.
(c) In the ratio of loans given by them to the partnership
firm.
5. jke ,oa xksiky 2 : 1 ds vuqikr esa ykHk ,oa gkfu dks ckaVus okys lk>snkj gSaA
xksiky us QeZ dks 12000 :- _.k fn;kA mUgksaus lk>snkjh lays[k esa _.k ij
C;kt ds ckjs esa dksbZ fof'k"V le>kSrk ugha fd;kA xksiky 10 izfr'kr izfr o"kZ
dh nj ij C;kt dk nkok djrk gSA lk>snkjh vf/kfu;e] 1932 ds fu;eksa ds
vuqlkj _.k ij C;kt gksxk&
(a) 840 :-
(b) 820 :-
(c) 720 :-
(d) 960 :-
5. Ram and Gopal are partners sharing profits and losses
in the ratio of 2:1. Gopal gave a loan of Rs.12,000 to the
firm. They did not have any specific agreement about
interest on loan mentioned in the partnership deed.
Gopal claims interest on loan @10% p.a. The interest
on loan as per rules of Partnership Act, 1932 will be:
(a) Rs,840
(b) Rs,820
(c) Rs,720
(d) Rs.960
6. lk>snkj us QeZ dks 50,000 :- dk _.k fn;kA og ml ij 15% dh nj ls
C;kt pkgrk gS] ysfdu lk>snkjksa ds chp esa bldk dksbZ djkj ugha fd;k x;k
gS ,oa u gh lk>snkjh lays[k gS rks lk>snkj%
(a) 15% dh nj ls C;kt ikus dk gdnkj gS
(b) 6% dh nj ls C;kt ikus dk gdnkj gSA
(c) C;kt ikus dk gdnkj ugha gSA
(d) 10% dh nj ls C;kt ikus dk gdnkj gSA
6. A partner has given a loan of Rs. 50,000 to the firm. He
wants interest @ 15% per annum on his loan. There
was no agreement or partnership deed between them.
The partner______
(a) Is entitled for interest @15%
(b) Will be given interest @ 6%
(c) Is not entitled for any interest
(d) will be given interest @ 10%
7. lk>snkjh lays[k ds vHkko esa%
(a) dsoy dk;Z'khy lk>snkjksa dks osru fn;k tk;sxk
(b) lk>snkjksa dks 'kq) ykHk dk 6% deh'ku fn;k tk;sxk
(c) og lk>snkj ftlus lcls T;knk iwt a h ij 6 C;kt fn;k tk;sxkA
a h yxkbZ gS mls iwt
(d) lk>snkj }kjk QeZ dks fn;s x;s _.k ij 6% C;kt fn;k tk;sxkA
In the absence of any deed of partnership-
(a) Only working partners are entitled to salary
(b) Partners are entitled for commission @ 6% of the
net profits of the firm.
(c) Partners contributing highest capital is entitled for
interest on capital 6% p.a
(d) Interest at the rate of 6% is to be allowed on a
partner’s loan to the firm.
8. fdlh Bgjko dh vuqifLFkfr esa lk>snkjksa dks muds }kjk QeZ dks fn;s x;s _.k
ij ------------------- dh nj ls C;kt fn;k tkrk gSA
(a) 5%
(b) 7%
(c) 6%
(d) 8%
In the absence of any agreement, the partners are
entitled to Interest on the loan advanced to the firm at
the rate of
(a) 5%
(b) 7%
(c) 6%
(d) 8%
9. fdlh Bgjko ds vHkko esa] lk>snkjksa dks vf/kdkj gS&
(a) iwath vuqikr esa ykHk foHkktu
(b) iwath ij C;kt
(c) iwath ij osru
(d) QeZ dks fn;s x;s _.kksa rFkk vfxzeksa ij C;kt
In the absence of any agreement, partners are entitled

to
(a) Share Profit in capital ratio
(b) Interest on capital
(c) Salary on capital
(d) Interest on loans and advances given to the firm
10. A rFkk B lk>snkj gSa tks ykHk&gkfu dks 4 : 1 ds vuqikr esa ckaVrs gSa] C tks fd
izca/kd Fkk og 2000 izfr ekg osru izkIr djrk Fkk rFkk blds vfrfjDr 5%
deh'ku 'kq) ykHk ij ¼ykHk deh'ku yxkus ds ckn dk½ o"kZ dk ykHk gSa
3,39,000 :- osru yxkus ls igysA C dk dqy osru Kkr dhft,%
(a) 39,000 :-
(b) 44,000 :-
(c) 43,500 :-
(d) 38,000 :-
10. A and B Partners sharing profits and losses In the ratio
of 4 : 1. C was a manager who received the salary of
Rs. 2000 p.m. In addition to a commission of 5% on net
profits after charging such commission profits for the
year is Rs. 3,39,000 Before charging salary. Find total
remuneration of C:
(a) Rs. 39,000
(b) Rs 44,000
(c) Rs. 43,500
(d) Rs. 38,000
11. ;fn dksbZ Bgjko ugha gS rks lk>snkjksa dks feysxk%
(a) osru
(b) deh'ku
(c) _.k ,oa vfxze ij C;kt
(d) iwath ds vuqikr esa ykHk
In the absence of an agreement, partners are entitled to:

(a) Salary
(b) Commission
(c) Interest on loans and advances
(d) Profit share in capital ratio
12. ;fn dksbZ Bgjko u gks rks lk>snkj vius _.kksa ij fdrus izfr'kr C;kt ikus ds
vf/kdkjh gksrs gSa%
(a) 12% lk/kkj.k C;kt dh nj ls
(b) 12% pØo`f) C;kt dh nj ls
(c) 6% lk/kkj.k C;kt dh nj ls
(d) 6% izfro"kZ lk/kkj.k C;kt dh nj ls
In absence of any agreement partners are liable to

receive interest on loans at the rate of:
(a) 12% simple interest
(b) 12 % compounded annually
(c) 6% simple interest
(d) 6% per annual simple interest
13. vxj lk>snkjh lays[k esa iwath ij C;kt ds ckjs esa u fn;k gks rks iwath ij izfr o"kZ
C;kt nj D;k gksxk\
(a) 6%
(b) 8%
(c) 9%
(d) Nil
If there is no partnership deed then Interest on capital
will be charged at p.a.
(a) 6%
(b) 8%
(c) 9%
(d) NIL
14. lk>snkjh lays[k rFkk lk>snkjh Bgjko ds chp fuEu varj gksrk gS%
(a) lk>snkjh lays[k fyf[kr esa gksrk gS rFkk lk>snkjh Bgjko ekSf[kd gksrk gSA
(b) lk>snkjh lays[k lHkh lk>snkjksa }kjk gLrk{kfjr gksrk gS ysfdu lk>snkjh
Bgjko lk>snkjksa ds cgqer }kjk gLrk{kfjr gksrk gSA
(c) lk>snkjh lays[k U;k;ky; esa iathd`r gksrk gS tcfd lk>snkjh Bgjko
iathd`r ugha gksrkA
(d) lk>snkjh lays[k esa ifjorZuksa dks vatke ugha fn;k tk ldrk gS tc rd lHkh
lk>snkj blds izfr lger ugha gksrsA lk>snkjh Bgjko dks 50 izfr'kr ls
vf/kd lk>snkjksa dh lgefr ls la'kksf/kr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
14. Following is the difference between partnership deed
and partnership agreement:
(a) Partnership deed is in writing and partnership
agreement is oral.
(b) Partnership deed is signed by all the partners but
partnership agreement is signed by majority of the
partners.
(c) Partnership deed is registered in the court of law
where as partnership agreement is not registered.
(d) Partnership deed is not subject to changes unless
all partners agree to it. Partnership agreement can
be amended with the consent of more than 50%
partners.
15.;fn lk>snkjh vf/kfu;e dk ikyu fd;k tkrk gS rks ykHk foHkktu vuqikr D;k
jgsxk%
(a) Bgjko ds vuqlkj
(b) leku
(c) iwath vuqikr esa
(d) dksbZ ugha
What would be the profit sharing ratio if the partnership
act is complied with?
(a) As per agreement
(b) Equally
(c) In capital ratio
16.X, Y rFkk Z ,d QeZ esa lk>snkj gSA o"kZ ds fy, ykHkksa ds foHkktu ds le;
lk>snkjksa ds chp erHksn FkkA lk>snkjksa dh iwath ij C;kt ls igys ykHk
6,000 :- Fks rFkk Y pkgrk Fkk fd mls 5,000 :i;s ds ykHk fuf'pr :i ls
fn;s tk;sa D;ksafd mldh vkfFkZd fLFkfr Bhd ugha gSA bl ckjs esa dksbZ Bgjko ugha
FkkA X, Y rFkk Z dks Øe'k% ns; jkf'k dh x.kuk dhft,A
(a) vU; lk>snkj Z dks U;wure ykHk pqdk;saxs rFkk gkfu leku :i ls ogu
djsaxsA
(b) vU; lk>snkj Z dks U;wure ykHk pqdk;saxs rFkk gkfu iwath vuqikr esa ogu
djsaxsA
(c) X rFkk Y izR;sd 500 :- ysxsa rFkk Z 5,000 :- ys tk;sxkA
(d) izR;sd lk>snkj dks 2000 :-A
16. X, Y and Z are partners in a firm. At the time of division
of profit for the year there was dispute between the
partners. Profits before Interest on partner’s capital
was Rs. 6,000 and Z demanded minimum profit of Rs.
5,000 as his financial position was not good. However,
there was no written agreement. Profits to be
distributed to X, Y and Z will be.
(a) Other partners will pay Z the minimum profit and will
suffer loss equally.
(b) Other partner will pay Z the minimum profit and will
suffer loss in capital ratio.
(c) X & Y will take Rs. 500 each and Z will take Rs. 5,000
(d) Rs. 2000 to each of the partners.
17. ,d Bgjko dh vuqifLFkfr esa] lk>snkj vf/kd`r gksrs gSa%
(a) osru
(b) deh'ku
(c) _.k rFkk vfxzeksa ij C;kt
(d) iwath vuqikr esa ykHk&foHkktu
In the absence of an agreement, partners are entitled to

(a) Salary
(b) Commission
(c) Interest on Loan and Advances.
(d) profit share in capital ratio
18. lk>snkjksa ls vkgj.k ij C;kt pqdkus dh dsoy rHkh vk'kk dh tkrh gS tc------}kjk
-----------
(a) fn;k x;k gks] Bgjko
(b) Lohd`r gks] fofu;kstdksa
(c) lger gks] lk>snkjksa
(d) nksuksa a rFkk c
Partners are suppose to pay interest on drawing only
when ........ by the
(a) Provided Agreement.
(b) Permitted, Investors.
(c) Agreed, Partners
(d) Both (a) & (c).
19.D;k fdlh Bgjko dh vuqifLFkfr esa ;k tc lk>snkjh lays[k bl laca/k esa 'kkar gS
_.k ij dksbZ C;kt fn;k tk;sxk\
(a) dksbZ C;kt Lohdk;Z ughaA
(b) dsoy rHkh fn;k tk;sxk tc vU; lHkh lk>snkj lger gksA
(c) dsoy rHkh fn;k tk;sxk tc i;kZIr ykHk gksA
(d) 6 izfr'kr okf"kZd lk/kkj.k C;kt dh nj ls fn;k tk;sxkA
Would interest on loan be allowed in the absence of
any agreement or when partnership deed is silent?
(a) No interest allowed
(b) Allowed only if agreed by all the other partners.
(c) Will be paid only when there are sufficient profits.
(d) Allowed @6% pa.
20. D;k ,d lk>snkj dks pqdk;k x;k fdjk;k ykHkksa dk fu;kstu gS%
(a) gka
(b) ugha
(c) ;fn lk>snkj dk iwath ds :i esa ;ksxnku vf/kdre gks
(d) ;fn og dk;Z'khy lk>snkj gksA
Is rent paid to a partner Is appropriation of profits?

(a) Yes
(b) No.
(c) If partners contribution as capital is maximum.
(d) If partners is a working partner
21.,Dl ,oa okbZ 2 : 1 ds vuqikr esa ykHk ,oa gkfu;ksa dk foHkktu djus okys
lk>snkj gSaA 1 tuojh 2006 dks tsM 25000 :- dh izR;kHkwr jkf'k lfgr ykHk
esa 1/4 osa Hkkx ds lkFk 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gSA 31 fnlacj] 2006 dks lekIr o"kZ
dk ykHk 76000 :- gqvkA ykHkksa esa okbZ dk Hkkx gksuk pkfg,&
(a) 19000 :-
(b) 38000 :-
(c) 17000 :-
(d) dksbZ ugha
21.X and Y are partners sharing profit and losses in the
ratio of 2:1. On 1 ‘January, 2009, Z is admitted with 1/4th
share in profits with guaranteed amount of Rs.25,000.
The profits for the year ended 31" December, 2009
amounting to Rs.76,000. The share of Yin the profits
should be:
(a) Rs.19,000
(b) Rs.38,000
(c) Rs. 17,000
22. LFkk;h iwath [kkrk-----------ds lkFk ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gSA
(a) iwath ij C;kt
(b) o"kZ ds ykHk
(c) lk>snkj ds osru
(d) dksbZ ugha
Fixed capital A/c Is credited with

(b) Profit of the year
(c) Salary of the partner
23.mrkj&p<+ko iwath [kkrk ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) iwath ij C;kt ds lkFk
(b) o"kZ ds ykHk ds lkFk
(c) lk>snkjksa ds ikfjJfed ds lkFk
(d) mijksDr lHkh
Fluctuating capital account is credited with

(b) Profit of the year
(c) Remuneration to the partners
24.vfer] lqfer rFkk fofur dh vafre iwt a h Øe'k% 50,000 :- 45,000 :- rFkk
30,000 :- FkhA o"kZ ds nkSjku muds vkgj.k Øe'k% 10,000 :-] 5,000 :-
rFkk 12,000 :- FksA o"kZ dk 'kq)ykHk 18,000 :- jgk rks 3 : 2 : 1 esa ckaV
fn;k x;kA fouhr dh izkjafHkd iwath gksxh&
(a) 45,000 :-
(b) 39,000 :-
(c) 56,000 :-
(d) 44,000 :-
24. Closing capitals of Amit, Sumit and Vineet were Rs.
50,000, Re. 45,000 and Rs. 30,000 respectively. Their
drawings during the year were Re. 10,000, Rs. 6,000
and Rs. 12,000 respectively. Amount of net profit
earned during the year was Re. 18,000 which was
distributed in the ratio of 3:2:1. Opening capital of
Vineet will be
(a) Rs.45,000
(b) Rs.39,000
(c) Rs.56,000
(d) Rs.44,000
25.ifjorZuh; iwath [kkrs dks-----------ls ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) o"kZ ds ykHkksa
(b) iwath ij C;kt
(c) lk>snkj dk osru
(d) mijksDr lHkh
Fluctuating capital account is credited with

(a) Profit of the year
(b) Interest on capital
(c) Salaries of the partner
26. A, B rFkk C tks ,d lk>snkjh esa O;olk; pyk jgs gSa] mudh iwath Øe'k%
50,000 :-] 40,000 :- rFkk 30,000 :- gSA QeZ us o"kZ ds nkSjku
80,000 :i;s dk ykHk dek;k Hkkjrh; lk>snkjh vf/kfu;e] 1932 ds izko/kkuksa
ds vuqlkj izR;sd lk>snkj dk mijksDr jkf'k esa Hkkx crkb;s ;g ckr /;ku esa
j[krs gq, fd vius iwath ;ksxnku ds vfrfjDr A }kjk fn;s x;s 20,000 :- ds
_.k ij fdlh C;kt dh O;oLFkk ugha gSA
(a) lk>snkj B rFkk C dks 26,266 :- izfr rFkk A dks 27,467 :-
(b) 26,667 :- izfr lk>snkj
(c) 33,333 :- A ds fy, 26,667 :- B ds fy, rFkk 20,000 :- C ds fy,
(d) 30,000 :- izfr lk>snkjA
26.A, B and C had capital of Re. 50,000, Rs. 40,000 and Rs.
30,000 respectively for carrying on business In
partnership. The firm’s reported profit for the year was
Rs. 80,000. As per provision of the Indian Partnership
Act, 1932, find out the share of each partner. In the
above amount after taking into account that no Interest
has been provided on an advance by A of Rs. 20,000, in
addition to his capital contribution.
(a) Rs. 26,266 for partner B and C & Rs. 27,467 for partner A.
(b) Rs. 26,667 each partner.
(c) Rs. 33,333 for A, Rs. 26,667 for B and Rs. 20,000 for C.
(d) Rs. 30,000 each partner.
27. X, Y rFkk Z ,d QeZ esa lk>snkj gSA lk>snkjksa ds chp o"kZ ds fy, ykHk foHkktu
ds le; fookn FkkA lk>snkjksa dh iwath ij C;kt ls iwoZ ykHk 6,000 :- Fkk rFkk
Y pkgrk Fkk fd mlds 80,000 :- ds iwath ij 20 izfr'kr okf"kZd dk C;kt
fn;k tk;sA ;fn ,Dl dk iwath va'knku 1,00,000 :i;s vkSj okbZ vkSj tsM dk
Øe'k% 95,000 vkSj 50,000 :i;s gks X, Y rFkk Z dks Øe'k% ns; jkf'k dh
x.kuk dhft,A
(a) 6,000 :- ds ykHk leku :i ls ckaVsxsaA
(b) X dks 20,000 :- feysx a s rFkk 14,000 :- dh gkfu B rFkk C leku :i
ls lgu djsaxsA
(c) lHkh lk>snkjksa dks iwath ij C;kt feysxk rFkk 30,000 :- dh gkfu
leku :i ls ckaVh tk;sxhA
27. X, Y and Z are partners in a firm. At the time of division
of profit for the year there was dispute between the
partners. Profits before Interest on partner’s capital
was Rs. 6,000 and X wanted interest on capital 20% as
his capital contributions was Rs. 1,00,000 as compared
to that of Y and Z which was Re. 75,000 and Re. 50,000
respectively.
(a) Profit of Re. 6,000 be distributed equally with no
interest on either capital.
(b) X will get the interest of Re. 20,000 and the loss of
Re. 14,000 will be shared equally.
(c) All the partners will get interest on capital and the
loss of Re, 39,000 will be shared equally.
28. X, Y rFkk Z ,d QeZ esa lk>snkj gSA o"kZ ds fy, ykHkksa ds foHkktu ds le;
lk>snkjksa ds chp erHksn FkkA lk>snkjksa dh iwath ls igys ykHk 6,000 :- Fks rFkk
Y pkgrk Fkk fd mlds 80,000 :- ds _.k ij 24 izfr'kr okf"kZd dk C;kt
fn;k tk;sA bl ckjs esa dksbZ Bgjko ugha FkkA X, Y rFkk Z dks Øe'k% ns; jkf'k
dh x.kuk dhft,A
(a) 2,000 :- izfr lk>snkj
(b) X rFkk Z dks 4,400 :- izfr dh gkfu rFkk Y 14,800 :- ?kj ys tk;sxkA
(c) X ds fy, 400 :- Y ds fy, 5,200 :- rFkk Z ds fy, 400 :-
(d) izR;sd lk>snkj dks 2,400 :-
28. X. Y and Z are partner in a firm. At the time of division
of profit for the year there will dispute between the
partners, Profits before Interest on partners capital was
Rs. 6,000 and Y determined interest 24% p.a. on his
loan of Rs. 80,000. There was no agreement on this
point. Calculate the amount payable to X, V and Z
respectively.
(a) Rs. 2000 to each partner.
(b) Loan of Rs, 4,400 for X and Z & Y will take home Rs.
14,800
(c) Rs. 400 for X, Rs. 5,200 for Y and Rs. 400 for Z.
(d) Rs. 2,400 to each partners.
29.QeZ dk 'kq) ykHk 5000 :- gSA iwath ij C;kt ,oa vkgj.k ij C;kt Øe'k%
5000 :- ,oa 2500 :- gS ftls ykHkksa esa ls ugha ?kVk;k x;k gSA mijksDr enksa
dks lek;ksftr djus ds ckn lk>snkjksa dks forj.k ;ksx ykHk gksaxsA
(a) 7500 :- (b) 5000 :-
(c) 2500 :- (d) 'kwU;
Net profit of the firm is Rs. 5,000 Interest on capital and

interest on drawings still not charges are Rs. 5,000 and
Rs. 2500 respectively. Net profit available for the
distribution among the partners after charging the
above will be:-
(a) Rs.7,500 (b) Rs.5,000
(c) Rs.2,500 (d) Nil
30.lkses'k ,oa jes'k leku lk>snkj gSaA mudh iwath Øe'k% 40,000 :- rFkk
80,000 :- gSA o"kZ ds [kkrs lk>snkjh le>kSrs ds vuqlkj 5% izfr o"kZ dh nj
ij C;kt nsus ds iwoZ cUn dj fn;s x;sA bl xyrh dks Bhd djus gsrq mUgksaus
lk>snkjksa ds chp ,d lek;kstu izfof"V djus dk fu.kZ; fy;kA blfy,] lkses'k
[kkrk MsfcV fd;k tkuk vko';d gSA
(a) 2,000 :- ls
(b) dqN ugha
(c) 1,000 :- ls
(d) dksbZ ugha
30. Somesh and Ramesh are equal partners. Their capitals
are Rs.40,000 and Rs.80,000 respectively. The accounts
of the year were closed before providing interest @ 5%
per annum as per partnership agreement. To rectify this
mistake they decided to pass an adjustment entry
between the partners. Therefore, Somesh account need
to be debited by
(a) Rs.2000
(b) Nil
(c) Rs.1,000
(d) None
31.cjkcj&cjkcj ykHk o gkfu;ksa dk foHkktu djus okys jktk] :ik ,oa ekyk dh
LFkkbZ iwath Øe'k% 1,20,000 :-] 90,000 :- rFkk 60,000 :- gSA o"kZ
2006 gsrq] mudks 5% ds ctk; 6% dh nj ls iwath ij C;kt ØsfMV fd;k
x;kA lek;ksftr izfof"V gksxh&
(a) Raja's Current A/cDr. 300
To Mala's Current A/c 300
(b) Raja's Capital A/cDr. 300
To Mala's Capital A/c 300
(c) Mala's Current A/c Dr. 300
To Raja's Current A/c 300
31.Raja, Roopa and Mala Sharing profits and losses
equally have fixed capitals of Rs.1,20,000, Rs.90,000
and Rs.60,000 respectively. For the year 2009, Interest
on capital was credited to them @ 6% instead of 5%.
Adjusting entry will be
Rs. Rs.
(a) Raja’s Current A/c Dr. 300
To Mala’s Current A/c 300
(b) Raja’s Capital A/c Dr. 300
To Mala’s Capital A/c 300
(c) Mala’s Current A/c Dr. 300
To Raja’s Current A/c 300
32.,d lk>snkjh QeZ eS- ts- ih- ,p- dk izca/kdh; deh'ku iwoZ ykHk 84,000 :- gSA
izca/kdh; deh'ku ,sls deh'ku dks yxkus ds ckn ykHkksa ij 5 izfr'kr pktZ fd;k
tkrk gSA izca/kdh; deh'ku dh jkf'k gksxhA
(a) 4200 :- (b) 8400 :-
(c) 4000 :- (d) 8000 :-
The profit of the M/s JPH, a partnership firm before
charging managerial commission is Re. 84,000. The
managerial commission is charged @ 5% on profit after
charging such commission. The amount of managerial
commission will be
(a) Rs. 4,200 (b) Rs. 8,400
(c) Rs. 4,000 (d) Rs. 8,000
33. lk>snkj dh iwath ij C;kt--------------------- gS&
(a) ,d O;;
(b) ,d fu;kstu
(c) ,d ykHk
Interest on Partner's capital is________

(a) An expenditure
(b) An appropriation
(c) A gain
34.A rFkk B lk>snkj gSaA ftudh iwath 50,000 :- rFkk 60,000 :- gS iwath ij
C;kt nj 5% izfro"kZ gSaA fu;kstu ls iwoZ ykHk 4,600 :- FkkA lk>snkjksa dks
iwath ij fdruk C;kt feysxk\
(a) 3000 :- rFkk 2500 :-
(b) 2091 :- rFkk 2509 :-
(c) 2500 :- rFkk 2091 :-
(d) 600 :- rFkk 300 :-
34. A and B arc partners having capital of Re. 50,000 and
Rs 60.000 respectively interest on capital is given @5%
p.a. Profits for the year before appropriation is Rs.
4.600 provide interest on capital out of profits. Increase
allocated to partners is:
(a) Rs 3,000 and Rs. 2,500
(b) Rs.2,091 and Rs. 2,509
(c) Rs. 2,509 and Rs. 2,091
(d) Rs. 600 and Rs. 300
35., ch rFkk lh ,d QeZ esa lk>snkj gSaA foÙkh; o"kZ 2008-09 esa QeZ us
18,000 :- dk ykHk dek;kA mUgksua s ykHk dks 2 : 2 : 1 ds vuqikr esa ckaVkA
QeZ esa lk>snkjh lays[k ugha gSaA vko';d lek;kstu ys[kk gksxh%
(a) ykHk gkfu lek;kstu [kkrk MsfcV 18000 :-
, dh iwath [kkrk ØsfMV 7,200 :-
ch dh iwath [kkrk ØsfMV 7,200 :-
lh dh iwath [kkrk ØsfMV 3,600 :-
(b) ykHk gkfu lek;kstu [kkrk MsfcV 18000 :-
, dh iwath [kkrk ØsfMV 6,000 :-
ch dh iwath [kkrk ØsfMV 6,000 :-
lh dh iwath [kkrk ØsfMV 6,000 :-
(c) , dh iwath [kkrk MsfcV 1200 :-
ch dh iwath [kkrk MsfcV 1200 :-
lh dh iwath [kkr ØsfMV 2400 :-
35. A, B, C are partners in a partnership firm. During the
F.Y 2008-09 firm earned profit amounting to Re. 18,000.
They distributed the profit In the ratio of 2:2:1. But
there is no partnership deed of the firm. Necessary
adjustment entry will be:
(a) P&L Adjustment A/c Dr. 18000
To A’s Capital A/c 7200
To B’s Capital A/c 7200
To C’s Capital A/c 3600
(b) P&L Adjustment A/c Dr. 18000
To A’s Capital A/c 6000
To B’s Capital A/c 6000
(c) A’s Capital A/c Dr. 1200
B’s Capital A/c Dr. 1200
36.tc ykHk gkfu fu;kstu [kkrk rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS%
(a) ,dy LokfeRo QeZ ds fy,
(b) lk>snkjh QeZ ds fy,
(c) nksuksa a rFkk b
(d) dksbZ ugha
Profit & Loss appropriation Account is prepared

(a) For proprietorship firm
(b) For partnership firm
(c) Both ’a’ and ’b’
37.;fn le>kSrs esa izko/kku gks rks lk>snkjksa dks iwath ij C;kt fn;k tk;sxk ijarq bls
dsoy ---------ls fn;k tk;sxkA
(a) ykHk
(b) lap;
(c) laxzghr ykHk
(d) [;kfr
Interest on capital will be paid to the partners if
provided for in the agreement but only from__
(a) Profits.
(b) Reserves.
(c) Accumulated Profits.
(d) Goodwill.
38. ;fn lk>snkjksa ds chp dksbZ le>kSrk ugha gS rks lk>snkjksa dh iwath ij C;kt dh
nj D;k gksxh\
(a) 8%
(b) 9%
(c) 6%
(d) dksbZ ugha
In the absence of an agreement, interest to be allowed
on partner’s capital is__________
(a) 8%
(b) 9%
(c) 6%
(d) None
39. ,d lk>snkj ds pkyw [kkys dk dkSulk 'ks"k gksrk gS\
(a) MsfcV 'ks"k
(b) ØsfMV 'ks"k
(c) a ;k b
What balance does a Partner's Current Account has?

(a) Debit balance
(b) Credit balance
(c) a or b
40. vkgj.k ij C;kt ekuk tkrk gSA
(a) vk;
(b) O;;
(c) nkf;Ro
(d) dksbZ ugha
Interest on drawings is treated as:

(a) Revenue
(b) Expense
(c) Liability
(d) None of these
41. jke ,d QeZ esa lk>snkj gS mlus fuEufyf[kr vkgj.k fd;sA
tqykbZ 1 200.00
vxLr 1 200.00
flracj 1 300.00
uoacj 1 50.00
Qjojh 1 100.00
;fn vkgj.k ij C;kt dh nj 6% gS rFkk [kkrs ekpZ 31 dks cUn fd;s tkrs gSa]
vkgj.k ij C;kt gS&
(a) 29.75 :-
(b) 35.00 :-
(c) 30.00 :-
(d) 40.00 :-
41.Mr. Ram is a partner in a firm. He made drawings as
follows:
July 1 200.00
August 1 200.00
September 1 300.00
November 1 50.00
February 1 100.00
If the rate of Interest on drawings is 6% and accounts
are closed on March, 31, the Interest on drawings Is:
(a) Rs. 29.75
(b) Rs. 35.00
(c) Rs. 30.00
(d) Rs. 40.00
42.jke vkSj eksgu lk>snkj gSa] os vius futh [kpZ ds fy, 6,000 :- vkSj
4,000 :- fudkys] C;kt dh nj 6% izfro"kZ vkgj.k ij gS] C;kt dh jkf'k D;k
gS%
(a) jke dks 180 :- vkSj eksgu dks 120 :-
(b) jke dks 360 :- vkSj eksgu dks 240 :-
(c) jke dks 30 :- vkSj eksgu dks 20 :-
(d) dksbZ ugha
42. Ram and Mohan, are partner’s They draw for private
use Rs. 6,000 and Re, 4,000 respectively. Interest is
chargabIe @6 percent per annum on drawings. What is
the interest?
(a) Ram Rs. 180 and Mohan Re. 120
(b) Ram Rs. 360 and Mohan Re. 240
(c) Ram Rs. 30 and Mohan Rs. 20
(d) None
43.;fn leku ekfld jkf'k izR;sd ekg ds 'kq: esa vkgj.k ds :i esa fudkyh tkrh gS
rks dkSu ls le; dks /;ku esa j[kk tk;sxk%
(a) 7 ekg
(b) 6 ekg
(c) 5 ekg
(d) 6.5 ekg
What time would be taken into consideration if equal
monthly amount is drawn as drawings at the beginning
of each month?
(a) 7 months
(b) 6 months
(c) 5 months
(d) 6.5 months
44. vkgj.kksa ij C;kt dks vki dgka fjdkWMZ djsaxs%
(a) ykHk gkfu fu;kstu [kkrs ds MsfcV esa
(b) ykHk gkfu fu;kstu [kkrs ds ØsfMV esa
(c) ykHk gkfu [kkrs ds ØsfMV esa
(d) dsoy iwath@pkyw [kkrs ds ØsfMV esa
Where will you record interest on drawing?

(a) Debit side of profit & loss appropriation account
(b) Credit side of profit & loss appropriation account
(c) Credit side of profit & loss account.
(d) Credit side of Capital/ Current Account only.
45. vki lk>snkj ds vkgj.k [kkrs dks dSls cUn djsaxs\
(a) iwath [kkrs ;k pkyw [kkrs dh MsfcV esa varfjr djds
(b) iwath [kkrs ds ØsfMV esa varfjr djds
(c) pkyw [kkrs ds ØsfMV esa varfjr djds
(d) mijksDr b rFkk c
How would you close the Partner’s Drawings Account?

(a) By transfer to Capital or Current Account debit side
(b) By transfer to Capital Account credit side.
(c) By transfer to Current Account credit side
(d) Either b or c
46. ,] ch ,oa lh 4 : 3 : 3 ds vuqikr esa ykHkksa o gkfu;ksa dk foHkktu djus ds
fy, 1 vizSy] 2005 dks lk>snkjh esa 'kkfey gq,A ijarq , us O;fDrxr :i ls
izfrHkwfr nh fd 5% izfr o"kZ dh nj ij iwath ij C;kt yxkus ds ckn lh dk
ykHk dk Hkkx fdlh Hkh o"kZ esa 40,000 :- ls de u gksxkA iwath fuEuor Fkh&,
3,00,000 :-] ch 2,00,000 :-] lh 1,50,000 :-
31 ekpZ] 2006 dks lekIr o"kZ esa ykHk dh jkf'k 1,60,000 :- FkhA lh ds
fy, , }kjk fd;k x;k leiZ.k ---------- gksxkA
(a) 1750 :-
(b) 1800 :-
(c) 2000 :-
(d) dksbZ ugha
46. A, B and C entered into partnership on 1, April, 2005 to
share profits and losses in the ratio of 4:3:3. A,
however, personally guaranteed that C’s share of profit
after charging interest on capital 5% PA. would not be
less than Re. 40,000 In any year. Capitals were as fol
lows.
A. Rs.300,000 B. Rs.200,000 C. Rs.150,000
Profit for the year ended on 31 2006 amounted to Rs.
160,000. Sacrifice made by A for C will be
(a) Rs.1,750
(b) Rs.1,800
(c) Rs. 2000
Answer Key
1 A 2 A 3 D 4 B 5 C
6 B 7 D 8 C 9 D 10 A
11 C 12 D 13 D 14 C 15 B
16 D 17 C 18 D 19 D 20 B
21 C 22 D 23 D 24 B 25 D
26 A 27 A 28 C 29 C 30 C
31 A 32 C 33 B 34 B 35 C
36 B 37 A 38 D 39 C 40 A
41 A 42 A 43 D 44 B 45 A
46 A
lk>snkjh QeZ esa [;kfr dk mipkj
¼;wfuV&2½
Treatment of Goodwill in
partnership firm
(Unit-2)
 ;g ,d LFkkbZ lEifÙk gSA
It is a fixed assets.
 ;g ,d vn`'; LFkk;h lEifÙk gSA
It is an intangible fixed assets.
 ;g ,d ewY;oku LFkk;h lEifÙk gSA
It is a valuable assets.
 [;kfr dkYifud@d`f=e lEifÙk ugha gSA
Goodwill is not a fictitious /artificial assets.
 iqLrdksa esa dsoy [kjhnh x;h [;kfr dk ys[kk gksrk gS] Lo vftZr [;kfr dk ughaA
In Books only purchased Goodwill will be recorded not
self-generated Goodwill.
 [;kfr ,d ek= ,slh LFkk;h lEifÙk gS ftldk vfuok;Z iquewZY;kadu gksrk gSA
Goodwill is the only fixed assets which is compulsory
re-valued.
 [;kfr dk ewY;kadu lHkh fLFkfr;ksa esa fd;k tkrk gS pkgs lk>snkj dk izos'k gks]
vodk'k xzg.k gks ;k e`R;q gksA
The Goodwill is evaluated in all situations irrespective
of whether the partner is entering, retiring or death.
 tc u;k lk>snkj vius izos'k ds le; ij iwt a h ds vfrfjDr dksbZ jkf'k ysdj vkrk gS
rks mls [;kfr dgrs gSa vkSj bls [;kfr gsrq izhfe;e [kkrs esa Cr. fd;k tk;sxkA
When the new partner gives any amount other than the
capital at the time of his admission, it is called Goodwill
and will be credited to the premium for goodwill account.
 [;kfr dk ys[kk mipkj fuEu gS&
Accounting treatment of Goodwill is as follows:
(i) vxj lk>snkj ds izos'k ds le; ij [;kfr jksdM+ esa yk;h tkrh gS rks bl yk;h
x;h [;kfr dh jkf'k dks iqjkus lk>snkj vius R;kx ds vuqikr esa ckaVrs gSaA
If at the time of admission partner introduces cash for
goodwill than this amount will be distributed between
old partners in their sacrifice ratio.
iz'u esa fdlh Li"V lwpuk ds vHkko esa iqjkuk vuqikr gh R;kx dk vuqikr gksrk
gSA
In the absence of any clear information in the question,
the old ratio is the ratio of sacrifice.
(ii) lk>snkj ds izos'k ds le; ij QeZ esa O;fDrxr :i ls@futh :i ls@QeZ ds
ckgj ls [;kfr dh jkf'k nh tkrh gS rks QeZ dh ys[kk iqLrdksa esa bldk dksbZ
ys[kk ugha gksxkA
At the time of admission of the partner, the amount of
money paid in the firm individually/privately/from outside
the firm shall not be recorded in the books of accounts of
the firm.
(iii) vxj u;k lk>snkj vius fgLls dh [;kfr ds jkf'k udn esa ykus esa vleFkZ gS rks
lcls igys QeZ dh dqy [;kfr Kkr djsaxs vkSj ml dqy [;kfr dks igys iqjkus
ykHk&gkfu vuqikr esa ckaV nsaxsA
If the new partner is unable to bring goodwill cash of
his share, then first we findout the total amount of
goodwill of the firm and divide the total goodwill in old
profit sharing ratio.
fQj dqy [;kfr dks u;s ykHk gkfu vuqikr esa ckaVsaxsA
Then divide the total goodwill into a new profit loss ratio.
fQj varj dh jkf'k ls iwath [kkrs ds ek/;e ls lek;kstu izfof"V djsaxsA
Then the amount of difference will be the adjustment
entry through the capital account.
[;kfr x.kuk djus dh fof/k;ka & [;kfr x.kuk djus dh lHkh fof/k;ka O;olk; ds
ykHkksa ij vk/kkfjr gSaA
Methods of calculating the Goodwill-all methods of calculating
the Goodwill are based on the profits of the business.
ykHk nks izdkj ds gksrs gSa&
There are two types of profit:
(1) vkSlr ykHk (Average Profit)
 bl ij [;kfr dh ,d fof/k vk/kkfjr gS& ¼vkSlr ykHk fof/k½
1 method of Goodwill is based on this- average profit
method
 [;kfr = vkSlr ykHk × Ø; fd;s x;s o"kksaZ dh la[;k (2/3/4/5)
Number of years purchased × average profit (2/3/4/5)
(2) vf/kykHk (Super Profit)
 bl ij [;kfr dh rhu fof/k;ka vk/kkfjr gSa& (i) vf/kykHk fof/k] (ii) vf/kykHkksa
dh iwathdj.k fof/k] (iii) okf"kZd fof/k
There are three methods based on: (i) Super-profit
method, (ii) Capitalization method of super profits, (iii)
Annuity
(i) vf/kykHk × Ø; fd;s x;s o"kksaZ dh la[;k
Number of years purchased × super profit
(ii) vf/kykHk @ lkekU; izR;k; nj × 100
Super profit ÷ NRR × 100
(iii) vf/kykHk × rkfydk ewY;
Super profit × Annuity factor
Note: (1)
vkSlr ykHk dh x.kuk & iz'u esa ;k rks vkSlr ykHk fn;s tk;saxs vU;Fkk iz'u esa
rhu ;k pkj o"kksaZ ds ykHk@gkfu fn;s gq, gksaxsA ge mudh leh{kk djsaxsA vxj fdlh
o"kZ ds ykHk esa dksbZ vlkekU; ykHk@lV~Vk izd`fr dk ykHk@xSj O;kikfjd ykHk tqM+k
gqvk gS rks mls ?kVk nsaxsA
Calculation of average profit- The average profit will be
given either in the question otherwise the profit/losses of
three or four years in question will be given. We will
review them. If any abnormal profit/satta nature benefit/
non-business profit is linked to the profit of a year, it will
be reduced.
vkSj ;fn dksbZ vlkekU; gkfu gks j[kh gks rks mls okfil tksM+ nsaxsA
And if there is any abnormal loss, you will add it back
vkSj dksbZ vkxkeh [kpkZ fn[kkbZ ns jgk gS rks mls ?kVk nsaxs vkSj vkxkeh vk; fn[kkbZ ns
jgh gS rks mls tksM+ nsaxsA
And if any future expenditure is visible, it will be reduced
and the future income is visible and it will add it.
mijksDr dk;Z djus ds ckn ykHkksa dk vkSlr dj ysaxs] blh vkSlr dks vkSlr ykHk
dgk tk;sxkA
After doing the above work, the average of the profit will
be called the average profit.
Note: (2)
vf/kykHk dh x.kuk & vf/kykHk dh x.kuk djus ds fy, lcls igys lkekU; ykHk
Kkr djsaxsA
Calculation of super profits – Before calculating super
profit we have to calculate normal profit.
lkekU; ykHk = O;olk; esa yxh dqy iwath × lkekU; izR;k; nj
Normal profit = normal return rate × capital engaged in
business
vf/kykHk = vkSlr ykHk & lkekU; ykHk
Super profit = Average Profit - Normal Profit
Note: (3)
ftl O;kikj esa vf/kykHk ugha gksrs ogka [;kfr Hkh ugha gksrhA
If there is no super profit then there will be no goodwill.
Note: (4)
lkekU; izR;k; nj og tksf[ke jfgr nj gksrh gS ftls cSad C;kt nj Hkh dgrs gSaA
The normal rate is a risk-free rate also known as bank
interest rate.
Note: (5)
fNih gqbZ [;kfr@xqIr [;kfr@yqIr [;kfr
Hidden Goodwill/gupta khayati
fNih [;kfr = O;olk; dk dqy ewY; & dqy lk>snkjksa dh laiw.kZ iwath ¼lap; dks
'kkfey djds½
Hidden goodwill = Total value of business - total partners'
entire capital (including reserve)
Note: (6)
Ø; ds o"kZ ls vfHkizk;& ftrus o"kZ [;kfr jgus dh laHkkouk gS mrus o"kZ dks Ø; ds
o"kZ dgrs gSaA
The year of purchase means the number of years that are
likely to be assumed for goodwill.
Note: (7)
vxj ykHkksa esa fujarj c<+us ;k ?kVus dh izo`fÙk ik;h tk;s rks ykHkksa dh Hkkfjr vkSlr
fof/k dke esa yk;h tkrh gSA vU;Fkk vkSlr fof/kA
If there is a trend continuously increase or decrease in
profits, the weighted average method of profit is used.
[;kfr dk LoHkko
The nature of the goodwill
[;kfr dk o.kZu rhu izdkj ls fd;k x;k gS&(1) fcYyh ds LoHkko okyh [;kfr] (2)
pwgs ds LoHkko okyh [;kfr] (3) dqÙks ds LoHkko okyh [;kfr
Goodwill is described in three types: (1) cat-natured good-
will, (2) rat-natured goodwill, (3) dog-natured Goodwill
(1) fcYyh ds LoHkko okyh [;kfr& fcYyh dk LoHkko ges'kk ,d LFkku ij jgus dk
gksrk gS] mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij ;fn fcYyh ?kj esa vkdj ,d LFkku ij cSB tk,]
rks og vius LFkku ls gVrh ugha gSA Bhd blh izdkj dh [;kfr okys O;fDr
O;olk; esa mldh [;kfr (Goodwill) lcls vf/kd gksrh gSA
The cat's nature is always a place to live in a place, for
example, if the cat comes into the house and sits in a
place, it does not deviate from its place. A person with
similar kind of a type of business has the highest
goodwill.
(2) pwgs ds LoHkko okyh [;kfr&pwgs dk LoHkko ges'kk ,d LFkku ls nwljs LFkku ij Hkkxus
dk gksrk gS] og dHkh ,d LFkku ij ugha jgrk gSA mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij pwgk ?kj
esa ,d LFkku ls nwljs LFkku ij Hkkxrk jgrk gSA Bhd blh izdkj dh [;kfr ds
LoHkko okyh O;fDr O;olk; esa ,d LFkku ls nwljs LFkku ij Hkkxrk jgrk gS] tgka
tkrk gS ogha [;kfr (Goodwill) ys tkrk gSA vFkkZr mldh [;kfr mlds lkFk
pyh tkrh gS vFkkZr bl izdkj mldh [;kfr dk ewY; de gksrk gSA
The rat-natured rat has always been able to escape from
one place to another, never living in one place. For
example, the rat runs from one place to another in the
house. A person with a similar type of goodwill's nature
runs from one place to another in the business, where he
goes and takes goodwill. That is, his goodwill goes with
him, that is, thus, the value of his goodwill is low.
(3) dqÙks ds LoHkko okyh [;kfr&dqÙks dk LoHkko ges'kk vius ekfyd ds lkFk jgus
dk gksrk gS] tkga ekfyd tkrk gS] dqÙkk mlds lkFk pyk tkrk gSA mnkgj.k ds
rkSj ij dqÙks dk LoHkko vius ekfyd ds lkFk jgus dk gksrk gS] Bhd blh izdkj
dh [;kfr ds LoHkko okyk O;fDr O;olk; esa vius LFkku ls x;k] [;kfr Hkh
vius lkFk ys x;k vFkkZr bl izdkj dh [;kfr dk ewY; dqN Hkh ugha gksrk gSA
The dog-natured dog's nature is always to live with its
owner, the owner goes, the dog goes with him. For
example, the dog's nature is to live with its owner, just
as a person with the nature of a similar goodwill went
from his place in the business, he also took it with
him, that is, the value of this kind of goodwill is
nothing.
lk>snkjh [kkrksa esa [;kfr dk O;ogkj
¼;wfuV&2½
Treatment of Goodwill in
partnership firm
(Unit-2)
1. [;kfr---------------------------------------gSA
(a) pkyw lEifÙk
(b) cukoVh lEifÙk
(c) n`'; lEifÙk
(d) vn`'; lEifÙk
Goodwill is ______
(a) Current asset.
(b) Fictitious asset.
(c) Tangible asset.
(d) Intangible asset.
2. [;kfr dk ewY;kadu fd;k tkrk gS%
(a) u, lk>snkj ds izos'k ij
(b) lsokfuo`fÙk ds le;
(c) lk>snkj dh e`R;q ij
(d) mijksDr lHkh
Goodwill is valued
(a) At the time of admission of partner
(b) At the time of retirement of partner
(c) At the time of death of partner
(d) All
3. QeZ dks ,d vuqca/k ls vR;f/kd ykHk gqvk gS ftldk uohdj.k ugha fd;k
tk;sxkA ,slh n'kk esa bl vuqca/k ls ykHk gks----------esa 'kkfey ugha fd;k tk;sxkA
(a) lk>snkjksa ds ykHk foHkktu
(b) [;kfr dh x.kuk
(c) nksuksa
(d) fdlh esa ugha
Firm has earned exceptionally high profits from a
contract which will not be renewed. in such a case the
profit from this contract will not be included in
(a) profit sharing of the partners.
(b) Calculation of the goodwill
(c) Both
(d) None
4. ,] ch ,oa lh leku lk>snkj gSA Mh dks QeZ esa ,d&pkSFkkbZ fgLls gsrq 'kkfey
fd;k x;kA Mh 20,000 :- iwath ds rFkk 5000 :- [;kfr gsrq izhfe;e dk
vk/kk ykrk gSA QeZ dh [;kfr dk ewY; gS&
(a) 10,000 :-
(b) 40,000 :-
(c) 20,000 :-
(d) dksbZ ugha
A, B and C are equal partners. D is admitted to the
firm for one-fourth shaRs. D brings Rs. 20,000 capital
and Rs. 5,000 being half of the premium for goodwill.
The value of goodwill of the firm is
(a) Rs.10,000 (b) Rs.40,000
(c) Rs. 20,000 (d) None of the above.
5. fuEufyf[kr lwpukvksa ls iwathdj.k fof/k dk mi;ksx djds QeZ dh [;kfr
fudkfy,&
QeZ esa fu;ksftr dqy iwath 8,00,000 :-
izR;k; dh mfpr nj 15 izfr'kr
o"kZ dk ykHk 12,00,000 :-
(a) 82,00,000 :-
(b) 12,00,000 :-
(c) 72,00,000 :-
(d) 42,00,000 :-
5. Find the goodwill of the firm using capitalization
method from the following information: Total Capital
Employed In the firm Rs. 8,00,000 Reasonable Rate of
Return 15% Profits forthe year Rs. 12,00,000
(a) Rs. 82,00,000.
(b) Rs. 12,00,000.
(c) Rs. 72,00,000.
(d) Rs. 42,00,000
6. foxr ikap o"kksZa ds ykHk 85,000 :-] 90,000 :-] 70,000 :-] 1,00,000 :-
,oa 80,000 :- gSaA [;kfr dh x.kuk dhft, ;fn bldh x.kuk Ø; ds 3 o"kksZa ds
vk/kkj ij foxr ikap o"kksZa ds vkSlr ykHkksa ij dh tkrh gSA
(a) 85,000 :- (b) 2,55,000 :-
(c) 2,75,000 :- (d) 2,85,000 :-
The profits of last five years are Rs. 86,000; Rs.
90,000; Rs, 70,000; Rs. 1,00,000 and Rs. 80,000. Find
the value of goodwill, If It is calculated on average
profits of last five years on the basis of 3 years of
purchase.
(a) Rs. 85,000. (b) Rs. 2,55,000.
(c) Rs. 2,75,000. (d) Rs.2,85,000,
7. ,Dl ,oa okbZ 2 : 1 ds vuqikr esa ykHk ,oa gkfu;ka ckaVrs gSaA os tsM dks ,d
lk>snkj ds :i esa 'kkfey djrs gSa rFkk u;k ykHk foHkktu vuqikr 3 : 2 : 1
gks tkrk gSA tsM [;kfr ds izhfe;e ds :i esa 4500 :- ykrk gSA [;kfr dk
iw.kZ ewY; gksxk&
(a) 4500 :- (b) 18000 :-
(c) 27000 :- (d) 24000 :-
X and Y share profits and losses In the ratio of 2: 1.
They take Z as a partner and the new profit sharing
ratio becomes 3 : 2 :1. Z brings Rs. 4,500 as premium
for goodwill. The full value of goodwill will be
(a) Rs. 4,500. (b) Rs. 18,000.
(c) Rs. 27,000. (d) Rs. 24,000.
8. foxr pkj o"kksaZ dk ykHk fuEuor~ fn;k x;k gS&
o"kZ :-
2000 40,000
2001 50,000
2002 60,000
2003 50,000
foxr pkj o"kksaZ ij vk/kkfjr vkSlr ykHkksa ds rhu o"kksaZ ds Ø; ds vk/kkj ij
[;kfr ewY; gksxk&
(a) 1,00,000 :-
(b) 1,50,000 :-
(c) 2,00,000 :-
(d) dksbZ ugha
8. The profits for the last four years are given as follows:
Year Rs.
2000 40,000
2001 50,000
2002 60,000
2003 50,000
The value of goodwill on the basis of three years’
purchase of average profits based on the last four
years will be
(a) Rs.1,00,000
(b) Rs.1,50,000
(c) Rs.200,000
9. [;kfr dh x.kuk dhft, fiNys 5 o"kksaZ ds vkSlr ykHk ij ;fn [;kfr Ø; ds
o"kZ 1.5 gSA igys rhu o"kksaZ ds ykHk gSa 20,000 :-] 18,000 :- vkSj
9,000 :- vkSj nks o"kksZa dh gkfu 2,000 vkSj 5,000 :- gSa [;kfr dh jkf'k
gksxh%
(a) 12,000 :- (b) 10,000 :-
(c) 15,000 :- (d) dksbZ ugha
Goodwill is to be calculated atone and half years
purchase of average profit of last 5 years. The firm
earned profits during first 3 years as, Rs. 20,000 Rs.
18,000 and Rs. 9,000 and suffered losses of Rs. 2,000
and 5,000 in last 2 years. Goodwill amount will be:
(a) Rs. 12,000 (b) Rs. 10,000
(c) Rs. 15,000 (d) None
10. vf/kykHk ls vki D;k le>rs gSa%
(a) dqy ykHk@o"kksaZ dh la[;k
(b) Hkkfjr ykHk@o"kksaZ dh la[;k
(c) vkSlr ykHk&lkekU; ykHk
(d) dksbZ ugha
What do you mean by Super Profit?

(a) Total profit / Number of years
(b) Weighted profit / number of years
(c) Average profit - Normal profit
(d) None
11. ,d QeZ 1,10,000 :- ykHk vftZr djrh gSA ,d leku izdkj ds O;olk; esa
izR;k; dh lkekU; nj 10% gSA dqy lEifÙk;ksa ¼[;kfr dks NksM+dj½ rFkk dqy
cká nkf;Roksa ds ewY; Øe'k% 11,00,000 :- rFkk 1,00,000 :- gSAa [;kfr
dk ewY; gS iwathdj.k fof/k ds vk/kkj ij
(a) 1,00,000 :- (b) 10,00,000 :-
(c) dqN ugha (d) dksbZ ugha
A firm earns profit of Rs.1,10,000. The normal rate of
return in a similar type of business is 10%. The value of
total assets (excluding goodwill) and total outside
liabilities are Rs.11, 00,000 and Rs.1,00,000 respectively.
The value of goodwill is under capitalization method
(a) Rs.1,00000 (b) Rs.1000,000
(c) Nil (d) None of the above.
12. lq'khyk ds O;olk; us foxr o"kksaZ ds ykHk izdV fd;s&
2003 40,000 :- ¼5000 :- ds vlkekU; ykHk dks 'kkfey djrs gq,½
2004 50,000 :- ¼10,000 :- dh vlkekU; gkfu dks yxkus ds ckn½
foxr nks o"kksaZ ds vkSlr ykHk ds ,d o"khZ; Ø; ds vk/kkj ij [;kfr dk ewY;
gS&
(a) 45,000 :-
(b) 37,500 :-
(c) 47,500 :-
(d) dksbZ ugha
12. Sushila’s business disclosed the following profits for
the last two years:
2008 Rs.40,000 (including an abnormal gain of
Rs.5,000)
2009 Rs.50,000 (After charging an abnormal loss of
Rs.10,000)
The value of goodwill on the basis of one year
purchase of the average profit of last two years is:
(a) Rs. 45,000
(b) Rs. 37,500
(c) Rs. 47,500
13. foxr rhu o"kksaZ ds ykHk 42,000 :-] 39,000 :- rFkk 45,000 :- gSA
fofu;ksftr iwath] 4,00,000 :- gS rFkk izR;k; dh lkekU; nj 10% gSA rhu
o"kksaZ ds Ø; gsrq vf/kykHk fof/k ds vk/kkj ij x.kuk dh x;h [;kfr dh jkf'k
gksxh&
(a) 2,000 :- (b) 4,000 :-
(c) 6,000 :- (d) 8,000 :-
The profits of last three years are Rs. 42,000; Rs.
39,000 and Rs. 45,000. Capital employed is Rs.
4,00,000 and normal rate of return is 10%. The amount
of goodwill calculated on the basis of super profit
method for three years of purchase will be.
(a) Rs. 2,000. (b) Rs. 4,000.
(c) Rs. 6,000. (d) Rs. 8,000.
14. [;kfr dh x.kuk foxr 3 o"kksaZ ds ykHk ds vkSlr ds ,d o"kZ ds Ø; ij dh
tkrh gSA izFke o"kZ dk ykHk 6,000 :- Fkk] nwljs o"kZ dk ykHk izFke o"kZ dk nks
xquk rFkk rhljs o"kZ dk nwljs o"kZ ds ykHk Ms<+ xquk FkkA [;kfr dh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 10,000 :- (b) 12,000 :-
(c) 11,000 :- (d) 13,000 :-
Goodwill is to be calculated at one year’s purchase of
the average of the last 3 years profit. The profit of the
first year was Rs. 6,000, second, year twice the profit
of the first year and the third year one and half times
of the profit of the second year goodwill amount will
be
(a) Rs. 10,000 (b) Rs. 12,000
(c) Rs. 11,000 (d) Rs. 13,000
15. (i) okLrfod vkSlr ykHk 72,000 :-
(ii) izR;k; dh lkekU; nj 10%
(iii) lEifÙk;ka 9,70,000 :-
(iv) pkyw nkf;Ro 4,00,000 :-
iwathdj.k fof/k ds vuqlkj [;kfr gksxh&
(a) 1,50,000
(b) 1,40,000
(c) 1,60,000
15. (i) Actual average profit Rs. 72,000
(ii) Normal rate of return 10%
(iii) Assets Rs. 9,70,000
(iv) Current Liabilities Rs. 4,00,000
Goodwill according to capitalization method will be
(a) Rs. 1,50,000
(b) Rs. 1,40,000
(c) Rs. 1,60,000
16. foxr 5 o"kksaZ esa QeZ ds ykHk vxzor Fks&
31 ekpZ dks lekIr o"kZ ykHk ¼:-½
1999 43,000
2000 50,000
2001 52,000
2002 65,000
2003 85,000
[;kfr dh x.kuk Hkkfjr vkSlr ykHkksa ds nks o"kksaZ ds Ø; ds vk/kkj ij dh tkuh
gSaA mi;ksx fd;s tkus okys Hkkj gSa&
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
1 2 3 4 5
[;kfr dh jkf'k gksxh&
(a) 1,31,200 :- (b) 1,30,000 :-
(c) 1,32,000 :- (d) dksbZ ugha
16. The profits of a firm for the last 5 years were as follows:
Year ended 31’ March Profits (Rs.)
2005 43,000
2006 50,000
2007 62,000
2008 65,000
2009 85,000
Goodwill is to be calculated on the basis of two years
purchase of weighted average profits. The weights to
be used are
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
1 2 3 4 5
Goodwill amount will be
(a) Rs. 1,31,200 (b) Rs. 1,30,000
(c) Rs. 1,32,000 (d) None of the three
17. foxr rhu o"kksZa dk ykHk gS 42,000 :- 39,000 :- rFkk 45,000 :-A nks
o"kZ ds vk/kkj ij [;kfr dk ewY; crkb;s&
(a) 1,26,000
(b) 42,000
(c) 36,000
(d) 84,000
The profit of last three years are Rs. 42,000 Rs. 39,000
and Rs. 46,000. Find out the goodwill at two year’s
purchase.
(a) Rs. 1,26,000
(b) Rs. 42,000
(c) Rs. 36,000
(d) Rs. 84,000
18. [;kfr ds fy, Hkkfjr vkSlr fof/k dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS tc
(a) ykHk vleku gks
(b) ykHk c<+us dh izo`fÙk fn[kk;s
(c) ykHk ?kVus dh izo`fÙk fn[kk;s
(d) ;k rks b ;k c
Weighted average method of calculating goodwill is

used when:
(a) Profits are unequal
(b) Profit has increasing trend
(c) Profit has decreasing trend
(d) (b) and (c)
19. X vkSj Y ,d QeZ esa lk>snkj gSa ftudh iwath 18,000 :- vkSj 20,000 :-
gSA Z 1/3 Hkkx ds fy, izos'k djrk gS vkSj 24,000 :- iwath ds :i esa ykrk
gS [;kfr dh x.kuk dhft,%
(a) 24,000 :- (b) 20,000 :-
(c) 15,000 :- (d) 10,000 :-
X and Y Are partners in a firm with capital of Rs.
18,000 and Rs. 20,000 as capital, calculate the amount
of goodwill. Z was admitted for 1/3 share in profits and
brings Rs. 24000 as capital.
(a) Rs. 24,000
(b) Rs. 20,000
(c) Rs. 15000
(d) Rs. 10,000
20. iwathdj.k fof/k ds vk/kkj ij [;kfr x.kuk bl izdkj dh tkrh gS%
(a) vkSlr ykHk X Ø; ds o"kZ
(b) vf/k ykHk X Ø; ds o"kZ
(c) izR;kf'kr Hkkoh ykHkksa ds fefrdkV ewY; dk ;ksx
(d) vf/k ykHk ÷ izR;k; dh izR;kf'kr nj
Under Capitalization basis goodwill is calculated by:
(a) Average profits x years of purchase
(b) Super profits x years of purchase
(c) Total of the discounted value of expected future
benefits
(d) Super profit divided with expected rate of return
21. foxr rhu o"kksaZ ds ykHk gSa 42,000 :-] 39,000 :- rFkk 45,000 :-A nks
o"kZ ds Ø; ij [;kfr dh x.kuk djsa%
(a) 42,000 :-
(b) 84,000 :-
(c) 1,26,000 :-
(d) 36,000 :-
The profits of last three years are Rs. 42,000; Rs.
39,000 and Rs. 45,000. Find out the goodwill of two
years purchase.
(a) Rs. 42,000
(b) Rs. 84,000
(c) Rs. 1,26,000
(d) Rs. 36,000
22. vkSlr ykHk vk/kkj ds varxZr [;kfr dh x.kuk dh tkrh gS%
(a) [kjhns x;s o"kksaZ dh la[;k X vkSlr ykHk
(b) [kjhns x;s o"kksaZ dh la[;k X vfr ykHk
(d) vfr ykHk ÷ izR;k; dh izR;kf'kr nj
Under average profit basis goodwill is calculated by:
(a) No. of years purchased multiplied with average
profits.
(b) No. of years purchased multiplied with super profits.
(c) Summation of the discounted value of expected
future benefits.
(d) Super profit dividend with expected rate of return.
23. vf/k ykHk vk/kkj ds varxZr [;kfr dh x.kuk dh tkrh gS }kjk%
(b) [kjhns x;s o"kksaZ dh la[;k X vf/k ykHk
Under super profit basis goodwill is calculated by:
profits.
future benefits.
(d) Super profit dividend with expected rate of return
24. okf"kZdh vk/kkj ij [;kfr ds varxZr [;kfr dh x.kuk dh tkrh gS }kjk%
(b) [kjhns x;s o"kksaZ dh la[;k X vfr ykHk
(d) vfr ykHk ÷ izR;k; dh izR;kf'kr nj
Under annuity basis goodwill is calculated by:
profits
future benefits.
(d) Super profit divided with expected rate of return.
25. iwathdj.k vk/kkj ij [;kfr ds varxZr [;kfr dh x.kuk dh tkrh gS }kjk%
(b) [kjhns x;s o"kksaZ dh la[;k X vf/k ykHk
Undercapitalization basis goodwill is calculated by:
profits
future benefits.
(d) Super profit divided with expected rate of return.
26. foxr o"kksaZ ds ykHk rFkk gkfu;ka gSa % 2007-08 gkfu 10,000; 2008-09
gkfu 2500; 2009-10 ykHk 98,000; 2010-11 ykHk 76,000 O;olk;
esa yxh vkSlr iwath gS 2,00,000 :-A iwath fuos'k ij laHkkfor C;kt dh nj
gSA 12 izfr'krA lk>snkjksa ds ikfjJfed dk 1,000 :- izfr ekg dk vuqeku
gSA foxr pkj o"kksaZ ds vkSlr ds vk/kkj ij vfrykHkksa ds nks o"kksaZ ds Ø; ds
vk/kkj ij [;kfr dk ewY; fudkfy;sA
(a) 9,000 :-
(b) 8,750 :-
(c) 8,500 :-
(d) 8,250 :-
26. The profit and losses for the last years are 2007-05
losses Rs. 10,000; 2008-09 losses Rs. 2,500; 2009-10
profits Rs. 98,000 & 2010-11 profits Rs. 76,000. The
average capital employed in the business is Rs.
2,00,000. The rate of Interest expected from capital
Invested is 12%. The remuneration of partners is
estimated to be Rs. 1,000 per month not charged in
the above losses/profits. Calculate the value of
goodwill on the basis of two years purchase of super
profits based on the average of four years.
(a) Rs. 9,000
(b) Rs. 8,750
(c) Rs. 8,500
(d) Rs. 8,250
27. fiNys o"kksaZ ds ykHk rFkk gkfu gS 2007-08 gkfu&10,000 :- 2008-09
gkfu 2500 :- 2009-10 ykHk 98,000 :- rFkk 2010-11,
ykHk&76000 :-A O;olk; esa 2,00,000 :- dh vkSlr iwath yxh gSA iwath
ij 12 izfr'kr dh C;kt nj izR;kf'kr gSA lk>snkj dk ikfjJfed 1,000 :-
ekfld vuqekfur gSA pkj o"kksaZ dh okf"kZdh ij vk/kkfjr vf/k&ykHk ds pkj o"kksaZ
ds Ø; ds vk/kkj ij [;kfr dk ewY; fudkfy,A cês dh nj 10 izfr'kr eku
ysaA
(a) 13,500 :-
(b) 13,568 :-
(c) 13,668 :-
(d) 13,868 :-
27. The profits and losses for the last years are 2007-08
losses Rs. 10,000; 2008-09 losses Rs. 2,500; 2009-10
Profit Rs. 98,000 & 2010-11 profits Rs. 76,000. The
average capital employed in the business is Rs.
2,00,000.The rate of interest expected from capital
Invested is 12%. The remuneration of partners is
estimated to be Rs. 1,000 per month. Calculate the
value of goodwill on the basis of four years purchase
of super profits based on the annuity of the four years.
Take discounting rate as 10%.
(a) Rs. 13,500
(b) Rs. 13,568
(c) Rs. 13,668
(d) Rs. 13,868
28. ,] ch] lh 4 : 3 : 2 ds vuqikr esa ykHk dk foHkktu djus okys lk>snkj gSaA Mh
dks ykHk ds 2/9 osa Hkkx gsrq 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gS rFkk viuh iwath ds :i esa
30,000 :- rFkk viuh [;kfr ds Hkkx gsrq 10,000 :- ykrk gSA lk>snkjksa ds
chp u;k ykHk foHkktu vuqikr 3 : 2 : 2 : 2 gksxkA [;kfr dh jkf'k dks
ØsfMV fd;k tk;sxk&
(a) dsoy , ds iwath [kkrksa esa
(b) ,- ch- ,oa lh ¼leku :i ls½ ds iwath [kkrksa esa
(c) , ,oa ch ¼leku :i ls½ ds iwath [kkrksa esa
(d) , ,oa lh ¼leku :i ls½ ds iwath [kkrksa esa
28. A, B and C are partners, sharing profits In the ratio of
4 : 3 : 2. D is admitted for 2/9* share of profits and
brings Rs. 30,000 as his capital and 10,000 for his
share of goodwill. The new profit sharing ratio
between partners will be 3 : 2 : 2 : 2 goodwill amount
will be credited In the capital accounts of:
(a) A only
(b) A, B and C (Equally)
(c) A and B (Equally)
(d) A and C (Equally)
29. tc vkus okyk lk>snkj vius [;kfr Hkkx ds fy, udn iSlk ykrk gS] [;kfr ds
Hkkx ds fy, yk;h x;h jkf'k dks ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gSA
(a) jksdM+ [kkrk
(b) iwath [kkrk
(c) [;kfr gsrq izhfe;e
(d) iqjkus lk>snkjksa ds iwath [kkrs
When the Incoming partner brings his share of
goodwill in cash, the amount of brought-in share of
goodwill is credited to
(a) Cash Account
(b) Capital Account
(c) Premium for Goodwill
(d) Old Partners Capital Account
30. ;fn vkus okyk lk>snkj vius iwath va'knku ds vykok udn esa dksbZ vfrfjDr
/kujkf'k ykrk gS rks bls---------------ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA
(a) iwath
(b) lap;
(c) ykHk
(d) [;kfr gsrq izhfe;e
If the incoming partner brings any additional amount
in cash other than his capital contributions then it is
termed as ________
(a) Capital
(b) Reserves
(c) Profits
(d) Premium for goodwill.
31. , ,oa ch ,d QeZ esa leku lk>snkj gSaA mudh iwath Øe'k% 18,000 :- o
12,000 :- dk ØsfMV 'ks"k iznf'kZr djrh gSA ,d u;k lk>snkj lh ykHk esa
1/5 osa Hkkx ds lkFk 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gSA og viuh iwath dk laca/k esa
14,000 ykrk gSA lh ds izos'k ds le; xqIr [;kfr dk ewY; gksxk&
(a) 26,000 :-
(b) 25,000 :-
(c) 20,000 :-
(d) dksbZ ugha
31. A and B are equal partners in a firm their capital
shows credit balance of Rs. 18,000 and Rs.12,000
respectively. A new partner C is admitted with 1/5*
share in profits. He brings Rs. 14,000 for his capital.
Value of hidden goodwill at the time of C’s admission
will be
(a) Rs.26,000
(b) Rs.25,000
(c) Rs.20,000
(d) None
32. , ,oa ch 3 : 2 ds vuqikr esa foHkktu djus okys lk>snkj gSaA lh dks 1/5 os
Hkkx gsrq 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gS rFkk iwath ds :i esa 15,000 :- ,oa vius
[;kfr ds Hkkx gsrq vko';d jkf'k ykrk gSA laiw.kZ QeZ dh [;kfr 60,000 :-
ewY;kafdr dh tkrh gSA lh }kjk yk;h x;h [;kfr gksxh&
(a) 12,000 :- (b) 10,000 :-
(c) 15,000 :- (d) dksbZ ugha
A and B are partners sharing In the ratio of 3:2. C is
admitted for l/5th share and brings Rs. 15,000 as
capital and necessary amount for his share of
goodwill. The goodwill of the entire firm is valued at
Rs. 60,000. Goodwill brought by C will be
(a) Rs. 12,000 (b) Rs. 10,000
(c) Rs. 15,000 (d) None
33. A, B rFkk C rhu leku lk>snkj gSaA D dks pkSFkkbZ Hkkx ds fy, QeZ esa
lfEefyr fd;k tkrk gSA D 20,000 :- iwath rFkk 5,000 :- [;kfr ds fy,
izhfe;e ds vk/ks Hkkx ds :i esa ykrk gSA QeZ dh [;kfr dk ewY; gS%
(a) 10,000 :- (b) 40,000 :-
(c) 20,000 :- (d) dksbZ ugha
A, B and C are equal partner. D is admitted to the firm
for one-fourth share Rs. D brings Rs. 20,000 capital
and Rs. 5,000 being half of the premium for goodwill.
The value of goodwill of the firm is
(a) Rs. 10,000
(b) Rs. 40,000
(c) Rs. 20,000
(d) None
34. A rFkk B lk>snkj gS ftudh iwath Øe'k% 10,000 :- rFkk 20,000 :- gS
rFkk os ykHk gkfu leku :i ls ckaVrs gSaA os rhljs lk>snkj ds :i esa C dks
'kkfey djrs gSa rFkk mldks QeZ 12,000 :- ds Hkqxrku ij ds ykHkksa dk ,d
pkSFkkbZ Hkkx nsrs gSaA yqIr [;kfr dh jkf'k gS%
(a) 6,000 :- (b) 10,000 :-
(c) 8,000 :- (d) dksbZ ugha
A and B are partners with capitals of Rs. 10,000 and
Rs. 20,000 respectively and sharing profits equally.
They admitted C as their third partner with one-fourth
profits of the firm on the payment of Rs. 12,000. The
amount of hidden goodwill is.
(a) Rs. 6,000 (b) Rs. 10,000
(c) Rs. 8,000 (d) None
35. ;fn v o c ds e/; iqjkuk vuqikr 1 : 1 gSA rFkk v] c o l ds e/; u;k
vuqikr 4 : 3 : 2 gSA fpV~Bs esa [;kfr 90,000 :i;s ls n'kkZ;h xbZ gSA ;fn
os [;kfr [kkrs rqjar vifyf[kr djus dk fu.kZ; ysrs gSa rks fdlds [kkrs izHkkfor
gksaxs\
(a) v o c dk [kkrk (b) v o l dk [kkrk
(c) c o l dk [kkrk (d) dksbZ ugha
If old ratio between A & B is 1:1 & new ratio between

A, B & C is 4:3:2 recorded goodwill of Rs. 90,000
appear in B/s. Which accounts will be affected if they
decide to write off goodwill Immediately?
(a) A A/c and B A/c (b) A A/c and CA/c
(c) B A/c and C A/c (d) None
36. ,] ch ,oa lh leku lk>snkj gSAa os ykHk foHkktu vuqikr dks 4 : 3 : 2 ds
vuqikr esa cnyuk pkgrs gSaA [;kfr dks iqLrdksa esa 90,000 :i;s ls LFkkfir
djrs gSaA ijarq os bls 'kh?kz vifyf[kr djuk pkgrs gSaA izHkkfor [kkrs gksaxs&
(a) 10,000 :- ls lh dk iwath [kkrk MsfcV rFkk , dk iwath [kkrk ØsfMV
(b) 10,000 :- ls ch dk iwath [kkrk MsfcV rFkk , dk iwath [kkrk ØsfMV
(c) 10,000 :- ls lh dk iwath [kkrk MsfcV rFkk ch dk iwath [kkrk ØsfMV
(d) 10,000 :- ls , dk iwath [kkrk MsfcV rFkk lh dk iwath [kkrk ØsfMV
36. A, B & Care equal partners. They wanted to change
the profit sharing ratio into 4:3:2. Goodwill was value
for Rs. 90,000. The effected accounts will be
(a) C’s capital account debit and A’s capital account
credit with Rs. 10,000.
(b) B’s capital account debit and A’s capital account
credit with Rs. 10,000
(c) C’s capital account debit and B’s capital account
(d) A’s capital account debit and C’s capital account
37. O rFkk P dh iwath Øe'k% 60,000 :- rFkk 20,000 :- gS rFkk ykHk
foHkktu vuqikr 3 : 1 gSA os vuqikr dks 5 : 3 cnyus dk fu.kZ; ysrs gSAa
ifjorZu dh frfFk dks [;kfr dks 75,000 :- vkadk x;kA iqLrdksa esa [;kfr
ugha fn[kk;k tk;sxkA blds fy, fuEu tuZy ys[kk cusxkA
(a) Goodwill A/c Dr. 75,000
To O's Capital A/c 56,250
To P's Capital A/c 18,750
(b) Goodwill A/c Dr. 75,000
To P's Capital A/c 28,125
(c) P's Capital A/c Dr. 9,375
(d) dksbZ ugha
37. The capital of O and P are Rs. 60,000 and Rs. 20,000
respectively with the profit sharing ratio 3:1. They
decide to change the ratio to 5:3. On the date of
change goodwill is valued at Rs. 75,000. Goodwill
account will not appear In the books. Journal entry to
give the above effect will be
(a) Goodwill A/c Dr. 75,000
To O’s Capital A/c 56,250
To P’s Capital A/c 18,750
(b) Goodwill A/c Dr. 75,000
To O’s Capital A/c 46,875
To P’s Capital A/c 28,125
(c) P’s Capital A/c Dr. 9,375
To C’s Capital A/c 9,375
38. , ,oa ch Øe'k% 10,000 :- ,oa 20,000 :- iwath okys lk>snkj gSa rFkk ykHk
dks cjkcj&cjkcj ckaVrs gSaA mUgksaus vius r`rh; lk>snkj ds :i esa lh dks
12000 :- ds Hkqxrku ij ykHk ds ,d&pkSFkkbZ Hkkx gsrq izos'k fn;kA xqIr
[;kfr dh jkf'k gS&
(a) 6000 :- (b) 10000 :-
A and B are partners with capitals of Rs. 10,000 and
Rs. 20,000 respectively and sharing profits equally.
They admitted C as their third partner with one-fourth
profits of the firm on the payment of Rs. 12,000. The
amount of hidden goodwill is:
(a) Rs.6,000 (b) Rs.10,000
(c) Rs.8,000 (d) None
39. /khjt ,oa xksiky izR;sd 5,00,000 :- iwath ds lkFk ,d QeZ esa lk>snkj gSaA
mUgksaus QeZ ds ykHkksa esa 1/4 osa Hkkx gsrq nhid dks ,d lk>snkj ds :i esa
'kkfey fd;kA nhid iwath ds ,d Hkkx ds :i esa 8,00,000 :- ykrk gSA
izos'k dh frfFk ij ykHk&gkfu;ksa us 4,00,000 :- dk ØsfMV 'ks"k iznf'kZr
fd;kA xqIr [;kfr dk ewY; gksxk&
(a) 14,00,000 :-
(b) 18,00,000 :+-
(c) 10,00,000 :-
(d) dksbZ ugha
39. Dheeraj and Gopal are partners in a firm with capitals
of Rs. 5,00,000 each. They admit Deepak as a partner
with 1/4th share in the profits of the firm. Deepak bring
Rs. 8,00,000 as his share of capital. The profit and loss
account showed a credit balance of Rs. 4,00,000 as on
the date of his admission. The value of hidden
goodwill will be
(a) Rs. 14,00,000.
(b) Rs. 18,00,000.
(c) Rs. 10,00,000.
Answer Key
1 D 2 D 3 B 4 B 5 C
6 B 7 C 8 B 9 A 10 C
11 A 12 C 13 C 14 B 15 A
16 A 17 D 18 D 19 D 20 D
21 B 22 A 23 B 24 C 25 D
26 B 27 D 28 C 29 C 30 D
31 A 32 A 33 B 34 A 35 A
36 D 37 C 38 A 39 C
lk>snkjh QeZ esa u;s lk>snkj dk izos'k
¼;wfuV&3½
Admission of New partner
in partnership firm
(Unit-3)
 lk>snkjh QeZ esa u;s lk>snkj dk izos'k vU; lk>snkjksa dh lgefr ls gSA
The admission of a new partner into the partnership
firm is with the consent of other partners.
 u;s lk>snkj ds izos'k ds le; R;kx dk vuqikr fudkyk tkrk gSA
At the time of admission of a new partner we have to
calculate sacrificing ratio.
R;kx = iqjkuk &u;k vuqikr
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio -New Ratio
Note: Li"V lwpuk ds vHkko esa iqjkuk gh R;kx dk vuqikr ekuk tkrk gSA
In the absence of clear information, the old one is
considered to be the ratio of sacrificing.
 u;s lk>snkj ds izos'k ds le; ij lEifÙk;ksa rFkk nkf;Roksa dk iquewZY;kadu
Revaluation of assets and liabilities at the time of
admission of the new partner
(i) iquewZY;kadu djus ds fy, iquewZY;kadu [kkrk [kksyk tkrk gSA
Revaluation account is opened for revaluation.
/;ku jgs fd bldh txg ij oSdfYid :i ls P & L Adjustment A/c
Hkh [kksyk tk ldrk gSA
that P&L Adjustment A/c can also be opened instead.
(ii) iquewZY;kadu [kkrk vokLrfod@ukeek= izd`fr dk [kkrk gksrk gSA
Revaluation account is an account of nominal nature.
(iii) iquewZY;kadu [kkrk lHkh fLFkfr;ksa esa [kksyk tkrk gS pkgs lk>snkj dk izos'k gks]
vodk'k xzg.k gks] e`R;q gks ;k QeZ dk lekiu gksA
Revaluation account is opened in all cases irrespective
of whether the partner is entering, retiring, death or
closing the firm.
(iv) iquewZY;kadu ls mRiUu ykHk gkfu dks dsoy iqjkus lk>snkj vius iqjkus vuqikr esa
ckaVsaxsA
Only older partners will share profit loss above
revaluation in their old ratio.
(v) iquewZY;kadu djus ds i'pkr lEifÙk;ka rFkk nkf;Ro B/S esa iquewZY;kafdr ewY;
ij fn[kk;s tk;saxsA
After revaluation, the assets and liabilities will be
shown at the revalued value in B/S.
• ysfdu ;fn lHkh lk>snkj ;g r; djsa fd izos'k ds i'pkr lEifÙk rFkk nkf;Ro
iqjkus iqLrd ewY;ksa ij gh fn[kk;s tk;sa rks blds fy, Lej.kkFkZ iquewZY;kadu [kkrk
[kksyk tkrk gSA
But if all the partners decide that the assets and the
liabilities after admission are shown only on the old
book values, the memorandum revaluation account is
opened.
• Memorandum Revaluation A/c Hkh vokLrfod o ukeek= izd`fr dk [kkrk gSA
Memorandum revaluation account is nominal nature
account
• Revaluation A/c esa iqjkuk ykHk&gkfu vuqikr dke vkrk gS tcfd
Memorandum Revaluation A/c esa u;k ykHk gkfu vuqikr dke vkrk gSA
The old profit-loss ratio used in Revaluation A/c while the
new profit loss ratio used in Memorandum Revaluation A/c.
ys[kk izfof"V;ka
Accounting Entries
1. lEifÙk dk ewY; c<+us ij

As the value of assets increases
Assets
To Revaluation
2. lEifÙk dk ewY; de gksus ij

If the value of assets is decrease
Revaluation
To Assets
3. nkf;Ro c<+us ij
On increasing liability
Revaluation
To Liability
4. nkf;Ro ?kVus ij
On declining liability
Liability
To Revaluation
 izos'k ds le; lafpr ykHkksa o ,df=r gkfu;ksa dk mipkj

Treatment of accumulated profits and accumulated
losses at the time of admission
(i) izos'k ds le; ij QeZ esa tks lafpr ykHk gkfu;ka iM+h gSa oks dsoy iqjkus lk>snkjksa
ls lacaf/kr gS vkSj mls dsoy iqjkus lk>snkj vius iqjkus ykHk&gkfu vuqikr esa
vius iwath [kkrs esa ys tk;saxsA
The accumulated profit losses incurred in the firm at
the time of admission relate only to the old partners
and only the old partners will take their capital into
account in their old profit and loss ratio.
• lap; iwath [kkrs esa tqM+ tk;saxs rFkk gkfu iwath [kkrs esa ls de gks tk;sxhA
The reserve will be added to the capital account and
the loss will be reduced from the capital account.
u;s lk>snkjksa dk izos'k
¼;wfuV&3½
Admission of a New
Partner (Unit-3)
1. iquewYZ ;kadu ij ykHk ;k gkfu dks lk>snkjksa ds e/;------ds vuqikr esa ckaVk tkrk gSA
(a) iqjkus ykHk foHkktu
(b) u;s ykHk foHkktu
(c) iwath
(d) leku
Profit or loss on revaluation is shared among the
partners in _______ ratio.
(a) Old Profit Sharing.
(b) New Profit Sharing.
(c) Capital.
(d) Equal.
2. izos'k ds le; lEifÙk;ksa rFkk nkf;Roksa dk iquewZY;kadu gksrk gS--------[kkrs esaA
(a) lk>snkjksa dk iwath [kkrk
(b) iqueZwY;kadu [kkrk
(c) olwyh [kkrk
(d) vkfFkZd fpV~Bk
On account of admission, the assets are revalued and
liabilities are reassessed in_________ Account.
(a) Partners Capital A/c
(b) Revaluation A/c
(c) Realisation A/c
(d) Balance Sheet
3. u;s lk>snkj ds izos'k ds le; lEifÙk;ksa ,oa nkf;Roksa ds ewY;ksa dks fcuk ifjofrZr
fd;s lEifÙk fd;s lEifÙk ,oa nkf;Ro ds ewY; esa ifjorZu dks lek;ksftr djus
ds fy, cuk;k tkrk gS\
(a) ykHk gkfu lek;kstu [kkrk (b) iquewZY;kadu [kkrk
(c) Le.kkZFkZ iquewZY;kadu [kkrk (d) olwyh [kkrk
3. Which account will be prepared at a the time of
admission of a new partner for giving effect of
revaluation of assets and liabilities without changing
the value of assets and liabilities of old balance
sheet?
(a) P & L Adjustment A/c
(b) Revaluation A/c
(c) Memorandum Revaluation A/c
(d) Realisation A/c
4. iquewYZ ;kadu [kkrs dk ykHk ,oa gkfu lk>snkjksa ds chp-------esa foHkkftr fd;k tkrk gSA
(a) iqjkus ykHk foHkktu vuqikr
(b) u;s ykHk foHkktu vuqikr
(c) iwath vuqikr
(d) leku vuqikr
Profit and loss of revaluation account is shared
among the partners in ratio.
(a) Old profit sharing ratio
(b) New profit sharing ratio
(c) Capital ratio
(d) Equal ratio
5. ,d QeZ ds ikl 5,000 dk xSj&vfHkfyf[kr fofu;ksx FkkA ,d lk>snkj ds
izos'k ij QeZ ds jkstukepk esa izfof"V gksxh&
(a) Unrecorded Investment A/c Dr. 5,000
To Revalution A/c 5,000
(b) Revalution A/c Dr. 5,000
To Unrecorded Investment A/c 5,000
(c) Partnet Capital Ac Dr. 5,000
To Unrecorded Investment A/c 5,000
(d) dksbZ ugha
5. A firm had an unrecorded Investment of worth Rs.
5,000. Entry in the firms journal on admission of a
partner will be
(a) Unrecorded Investment A/c Dr. 5000
To Revaluation A/c 5000
(b) Revaluation A/c Dr. 5000
To Unrecorded Investment 5000
(c) Partner Capital a/c Dr. 5000
To Unrecorded investment 5000
6. ,d lk>snkj ds izos'k dh n'kk esa] igys cuk;k x;k [kkrk gS&
(a) iquewZY;kadu [kkrk
(b) olwyh [kkrk
(c) ykHk&gkfu lek;kstu [kkrk
(d) cSad [kkrk
In case of admission of a partner, the first account
prepared is
(a) Revaluation account
(b) Realisation account
(c) Profit and Loss adjustment account
(d) Bank account
7. A vkSj B lk>snkj gSa tks ykHk&gkfu dks 3 : 2 ds vuqikr esa ckaVrs gSa os C dks
1/5 Hkkx ykHk ds fy, 'kkfey djrs gSaA e'khujh dk ewY; 10% ls c<+k;k
tk;sxk ¼iqLrdh; ewY; 80,000 :-½ vkSj bekjr dk ewY; 20% ?kVk;k
tk;sxk ¼iqLrdh; ewY; 2,00,000½ 1250 :- ds nsunkj dks iqLrdksa esa yk;k
tk;sxk vkSj 2750 :- ds ysunkj dks Hkqxrku djus dh vko';drk ugha gS]
iquewZY;kadu ij ykHk&gkfu D;k gksxk\
(a) 28,000 :- gkfu
(b) 40,000 :- gkfu
(c) 28,000 :- ykHk
(d) 40,000 :- ykHk
7. A and are partners of a firm sharing profits in the
ration of 3: 2. C was admitted for 1/5th share of profit.
Machinery would be appreciated by 10% (Book value
Rs. 80,000) and building would be depreciated by 20%
(Rs. 2,00,000).Unrecorded debtors of Rs. 1,250 would
be bought to books and Creditors of Rs. 2,750 died
and needn’t to pay anything. What will be the profit on
revolution?
(a) Loss Rs. 28,000
(b) Loss Rs. 40,000
(c) Profit Rs. 28,000
(d) Profit Rs. 40,000
8. tc u;s lk>snkj ds izos'k ds ckn fpV~Bk cuk;k tkrk gS rks lEifÙk ,oa nkf;Ro
dks fpV~Bs esa fn[kk;k tkrk gS%
(a) ekSfyd ewY; ij (b) iquewZY;kadu jkf'k ij
(c) pkyw ykxr ij (d) olwyh ewY; ij
When Balance sheet prepared after the new
partnership agreement, Assets and liabilities are
recorded at:
(a) Original value
(b) Revalued figure
(c) At current cost
(d) At realisable value
9. iquewZY;kadu ij ykHk ;k gkfu------------vuqikr esa lk>snkjksa ds chp ckaVk tkrk gS%
(a) iqjkus ykHk foHkktu
(b) u;s ykHk foHkktu
(c) iwath
(d) leku
Profit or loss on revaluation is shared among the
partners in ratio.
(a) Old Profit sharing
(b) New profit sharing
(c) Capital
(d) Equal
10. vfer rFkk vfuy ,d lk>snkjh QeZ ds lk>snkj gSa tks 5 : 3 esa ykHk gkfu
forj.k djrs gSaA os vrqy dks fuEu 'krksaZ ij 'kkfey djrs gSa% vrqy ykHk esa 1/5
Hkkx ikus ds fy, iwath ds :i esa 50,000 :- rFkk [;kfr ds :i esa
16,000 :- nsxkA e'khujh dks 10 izfr'kr ls c<+k;k tk;sxk ¼iqLrdh; ewY;
80,000 :-½ rFkk Hkouksa dks 20 izfr'kr ls ?kVk;k tk;sxk ¼2,00,000 :-½
iqLrdksa esa u fn[kk;s x;s 1250 :- ds nsunkjksa dks vc iqLrdksa esa yk;k tk;sxk
rFkk ,d ysunkj ¼2750 :- okyk½ ej x;k rFkk vc mldks dqN Hkh nsus dh
vko';drk ugha jghA vfer] vfuy rFkk vrqy ds chp iquewZY;kadu ij
ykHk@gkfu dk fooj.k fn[kkb;sA
(a) gkfu & 17,500 : 10,500 : 0
(b) gkfu & 14,000 : 8,400 : 66,000
(c) ykHk & 17,500 : 10,500 : 0
(d) ykHk & 14,000 : 8,400 : 5,600
10. Amit and Anil are partners of a partnership firm sharing
profits in the ratio of 5:3 respectively. Aual was admitted
on the following terms: Atul would pay Rs. 50,000 as
capital and Rs. 16,000 as Goodwill, for 115th share of
profit. Machinery would be appreciated by 10% (book
value Rs. 80,000) and building would be depreciated by
20% (Rs. 2,00,000). Unrecorded debtors of Rs. 1,250
would be brought into books now and a creditors
amounting to Rs. 2,750 died and need not to pay
anything to Its estate. Find the distribution of profit/loss
on revaluation between Amit, Anil and Atul.
(a) Loss-Rs. 17,500 : Rs. 10,500 : 0,
(b) Loss- Rs. 14,000 : Rs. 6,400 : Rs. 66,000
(c) Profit- Rs. 17,500 : Rs. 10,500 : 0
(d) Profit- Rs. 14,000 : Rs. 8,400 : Rs. 5,600
11. latw rFkk eatw dh QeZ dh [;kfr dks 45,000 :- ij vkadk x;kA ;g iqLrdksa
esa 15,000 :- ij fn[kkbZ tk jgh gSA vatw dks 1/4 Hkkx ds fy, 'kkfey
fd;k x;kA [;kfr dh jkf'k tks mldks ykuh gksxhA
(a) 11,250 :- (b) 15,000 :-
(c) 7,500 :- (d) mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ugha
Goodwill of a firm of Sanju and Manju is valued at Rs.
45,000. It is appearing in the books at Rs. 15,000. Anju
is admitted for 1/4* share. The amount of goodwill,
which she is supposed to bring will be.
(a) Rs. 11,250 (b) Rs. 15,000
(c) Rs. 7,500 (d) None of the above
12. fuEu esa ls dkSu lh lEifÙk dks ,d u;s lk>snkj ds izos'k ds le; ij
vfuok;Zr% iqu% ewY;kafdr fd;k tkrk gS%
(a) LVkWd
(b) LFkk;h lEifÙk;ka
(c) fuos'k
(d) [;kfr
Which of the following assets is compulsory to
revalue at the time of admission f a new partner:
(a) Stock
(b) Fixed Assets
(c) Investment
(d) Goodwill
13. ,d u;s lk>snkj dk izos'k ds le; lkekU; lap;-------esa gLrkarfjr fd;k tkrk gSA
(a) ykHk&gkfu lek;kstu [kkrk (b) lk>snkjksa dk iwath [kkrk
(c) iquewZY;kadu [kkrk (d) eseksjs.Me iquewZY;kadu [kkrk
General reserve at the time of admission of a new

partner is transferred to ___________
(a) Profit and loss adjustment account.
(b) Partners’ capital accounts.
(c) Revaluation account
(d) Memorandum revaluation account.
14. u;s lk>snkj ds izos'k ds le; ij vkfFkZd fpV~Bs esa fn[k jgk lap; fdl
vuqikr esa iqjkus lk>snkjksa esa ckaVk tk,xk\
(a) iqjkus (b) u;s
(c) R;kx ds (d) izkIr
Reserve appearing In the Balance sheet will be divided

among partners during admission in __________ ratio.
(a) Old
(b) New
(c) Sacrificing
(d) Gaining
15. ,d u;s lk>snkj ds izos'k ds le; fdl en dks iqjkus lk>snkjksa ds iwath [kkrksa
esa iqjkus ykHk gkfu vuqikr esa gLrkarfjr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
(a) cSad vf/kfod"kZ (b) lkekU; lap;
(c) ns; foi= (d) vnÙk [kpsZ
On the admission of one partner which one of the
following lying in the balance sheet should be
transferred to the capital accounts of the old partners
in the old profit sharing ratio?
(a) Bank Overdraft
(b) General Reserve
(c) Bill Payable
(d) Outstanding Expenses
16. eseksjsUMe iquewZY;kadu [kkrk ds f}rh; Hkkx dk 'ks"k fdl vuqikr esa lk>snkjksa ds
iwath [kkrksa esa LFkkukUrfjr fd;k tkrk gS\
(a) iwath vuqikr (b) iqjkus ykHk foHkktu vuqikr
(c) u;s ykHk foHkktu vuqikr (d) R;kx vuqikr
The balance of memorandum revaluation account
(second part). Is transferred to the capital account of
the partner in:
(a) Capital Ratio
(b) Old profit sharing Ratio
(c) New profit sharing Ratio
(d) Sacrificing Ratio
17. , ,oa ch lk>snkj gSa tks 5 : 3 ds vuqikr esa ykHk ,oa gkfu dks ckaVrs gSaA izos'k
ij] lh 70,000 :- jksdM+ rFkk 48,000 :- [;kfr ds lkis{k ykrk gSA ,]
ch ,oa lh ds chp u;k ykHk foHkktu vuqikr 7 : 5 : 4 gSA , ,oa ch ds chp
R;kx vuqikr gksxk\
(a) 3 : 1
(b) 4 : 7
(c) 5 : 4
(d) 2 : 1
17. A & B are partners sharing profits and losses in the
ratio 5:3. On admission, C brings Rs. 70,000 cash and
Rs. 48,000 against goodwill. New profit sharing ratio
between A, B and C are 7:5:4. The sacrificing ratio
among A: B will be
(a) 3:1.
(b) 4:7.
(c) 5:4.
(d) 2:1.
18. , ,oa ch 5 : 3 ds vuqikr esa ykHk ckaVus okys lk>snkj gS]a mUgksua s lh dks ykHk
dk 3/10 oka Hkkx nsrs gq, 'kkfey fd;kA ;fn lh dks , ls 1/5 oka Hkkx rFkk
ch ls 1/10 oka Hkkx izkIr gksrk gS] rks u;k ykHk foHkktu vuqikr gksxk&
(a) 5 : 6 : 3 (b) 2 : 4 : 6
(c) 18 : 24 : 38 (d) 17 : 11 : 12
A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio 5:3,
they admitted C giving him 3/10th share of profit. If C
acquires 1/5th share from A and 1/10th from B, new
profit sharing ratio will be:
(a) 5:6:3 (b) 2:4:6
(c) 18:24:38 (d) 17:11:12
19. v] c vkSj l lk>snkj gSa tks 3 : 2 : 1 ds vuqikr esa ykHk foHkktu djrs gSaA ;s
n dks QeZ esa izos'k nsus ds fy, lger gq,] v] c vkSj l lger gq, 1/3, 1/6
vkSj 1/9 Hkkx nsus ds fy,A rks n ds fgLls dk Hkkx gksxk%
(a) 1/10 (b) 13/54
(c) 12/54 (d) 10/55
A, B, C are partners sharing profits in ratio of 3:2:1.
They agree to admit D into the firm, A, B, and C agreed
to give 1/3rd, 1/6th, 1/9th share of their profit. The
share of profit of O will be:
(a) 1/10 (b) 13/54
(c) 12/54 (d) 10/55
20. X rFkk Y cjkcj ykHk ds lk>snkj gSaA Z us 1/7 fgLls ds fy, izos'k fd;kA
u;k ykHk vuqikr dh x.kuk dhft,\
(a) 2 : 3 : 1 (b) 3 : 3 : 1
(c) 6 : 5 : 2 (d) 1 : 1 : 1
X and Y are partners sharing profits equally. Z was
admitted for 1/7 th share. Calculate New Profit Sharing
Ratio.
(a) 2:3:1
(b) 3:3:1
(c) 8:5:2
(d) 1:1:1
21. A, B, C, D lk>snkj gSa tks vius ykHk ,oa gkfu cjkcj ckaVrs gSaA os vius ykHk
dk vuqikr 2 : 2 : 1 : 1 esa cnyrs gSaA C fdruk ykHk R;kx djsxk\
(a) 1/6 (b) 1/12
(c) 1/24 (d) dksbZ ugha
A. B, C, Dare partners sharing their profits and losses
equally. They change their profit sharing ratio to 2 :2:
1: 1. How much will C sacrifice?
(a) 1/6
(b) 1/12
(c) 1/24
(d) None
22. A rFkk B leku lk>snkj gSaA C viuh iwath dk 1/7 Hkkx ykdj lk>snkjh esa
izos'k djrk gS rks A rFkk B dk u;k ykHk vuqikr D;k gksxk\
(a) 4/7, 1/7
(b) 3/7, 3/7
(c) 2/7, 2/7
(d) dksbZ ugha
A and B share profits equally. They admit C with 117th
share. The new profit sharing ratio of A and B is
(a) 4/7, 1/7
(b) 3/7, 3/7
(c) 2/7, 2/7
(d) None
23. v vkSj c dk ykHk foHkktu vuqikr 3 : 4 gSA l 1/5 Hkkx ds fy, QeZ esa
izos'k djrk gSA u;k vuqikr dh x.kuk djksA
(a) 3 : 4 : 1 (b) 12 : 16 : 7
(c) 16 : 12 : 7 (d) dksbZ ugha
A and B share profits in the profits in the ratio of 3:4 C
was admitted for 1/5th share. Calculate the new profit
sharing ratio.
(a) 3:4:1
(b) 12:16:7
(c) 16:12:7
(d) None
24. X rFkk Y 5 : 3 ds vuqikr esa ykHk gkfu ckaVrs gSaA Z us 1/5 Hkkx ds lkFk
lk>snkjh esa izos'k fd;kA ;g 1/5 Hkkx og iqjkus lk>snkjksa ls cjkcj&2 ysxkA
u;k ykHk vuqikr Kkr dhft,A
(a) 21 : 11 : 8 (b) 20 : 8 : 7
(c) 20 : 12 : 8 (d) 10 : 5 : 5
X and V shares profit/loss in the ratio of 5:3. Z
admitted as partner for l/5, Which he is taking equally
from old partners. New profit sharing ratio is:
(a) 21:11:8
(b) 20:8:7
(c) 20:12:8
(d) 10:5:5
25. , ,oa ch 3 : 2 ds vuqikr esa ykHk foHkktu djus okys lk>snkj gSaA os lh dks 3/10
osa Hkkx ftls og , ls 2/10 rFkk ch ls 1/10 izkIr djrk gS] gsrq ,d u;s lk>snkj
ds :i esa 'kkfey gSaA ,] ch ,oa lh dk u;k ykHk foHkktu vuqikr gS&
(a) 3 : 4 : 3 (b) 4 : 3 : 3
(c) 3 : 3 : 4 (d) dksbZ ugha
A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2.
They admit C as a new partner for 3/10th share, which
he acquires 2/10 from A and 1/10 from B. The new
profit sharing ratio of A, B and C is
(a) 3:4:3. (b) 4:3:3.
(c) 3:3:4. (d) None
26. jpuk ,oa liuk ykHk dks cjkcj&cjkcj foHkkftr djus okys lk>snkj gSaA mUgksaus
vk'kuk dks QeZ esa 1/3 Hkkx gsrq 'kkfey fd;kA u;k ykHk foHkktu vuqikr
gksxk&
(a) 3 : 2 : 1 (b) 2 : 2 : 1
(c) 1 : 1 : 1 (d) x.kuk ugha dh tk ldrh gSA
Rachna and Sapna are partners sharing profits
equally. They admitted Ashana for 1/3 share in the
firm. The new profit sharing ratio will be
(a) 3:2:1.
(b) 2:2:1.
(c) 1:1:1.
(d) Cannot be calculated.
27. tc rd vU;Fkk u fn[kk x;k gks] leiZ.k dk vuqikr ogh gksrk gS tSlk fd----------
(a) u;k ykHk foHkktu vuqikr
(b) leku vuqikr
(c) iqjkuk ykHk foHkktu vuqikr
(d) dksbZ ugha
Unless given otherwise, the ratio of sacrifice is the
same as________
(a) New profit sharing ratio.
(b) Equal ratio
(c) Old profit sharing ratio.
28. ,] ch ,oa lh 3 : 2 : 1 ds vuqikr esa lk>snkj gSaA Mh dks ykHkksa esa 1/6 osa Hkkx
gsrq QeZ esa 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gS lh vius ewy Hkkx dk izfr/kkj.k djsxkA ,]
ch] lh ,oa Mh ds chp u;k ykHk foHkktu vuqikr gksxk&
(a) 12 : 8 : 5 : 5 (b) 8 : 12 : 5 : 5
(c) 5 : 5 : 12 : 8 (d) 5 : 5 : 8 : 12
A, B and Care partners in the ratio of 3:2:1. D is
admitted in the firm for 1/6th share in profits. C would
retain his original share. The new profit sharing ratio
between A, B, C and D will be
(a) 12:8:5:5 (b) 8:12:5:5
(c) 5:5:12:8 (d) 5:5:8:12.
29. ge ,oa rqe 5 : 3 ds vuqikr esa ykHk ,oa gkfu dk foHkktu djus okys lk>snkj
gSaA izos'k ij og 70,000 :- udn rFkk 48,000 :- [;kfr ds lkis{k ykrk
gSA ge] rqe ,oa og ds chp u;k ykHk foHkktu vuqikr 7 : 5 : 4 gSaA ge % rqe
ds chp leiZ.k vuqikr gksxk&
(a) 3 : 1
(b) 4 : 7
(c) 5 : 4
(d) 2 : 1
29. Hum and Turn are partners sharing profits and losses
in the ratio 5:3. On admission, who brings Rs. 70,000
cash and Rs. 48,000 against goodwill. New profit
sharing ratio between Hum, Tum and Woh are 7:5:4.
The sacrificing ratio between Hum : Tum will be
(a) 3:1.
(b) 4:7.
(c) 5:4.
(d) 2:1.
30. , ,oa Mh leku lk>snkj gSaA mUgksaus 1/6 osa Hkkxhnkj ds :i esa lh dks 'kkfey
djuk pkgk tks [;kfr ds :i esa 60,000 :- yk;kA u;k ykHk foHkktu vuqikr
3 : 2 : 1 gSA ykHk leiZ.kdkjh vuqikr gksxk&
(a) 0 : 1/6 (b) 2 : 1
(c) 3 : 1 (d) dksbZ ugha
A and D are equal partners. They wanted to admit C as
1/6" partner who brought Rs.60,000 as goodwill. The
new profit sharing ratio is 3:2:1. Profit sacrificing ratio
will be:
(a) 0:1/6 (b) 2:1
(c) 3:1 (d) None
31. ,] ch] lh ,oa Mh cjkcj&cjkcj ykHkksa ,oa gkfu;ksa dk foHkktu djus okys
lk>snkjh esa gSaA os ykHk foHkktu vuqikr dks 3 : 3 : 2 : 2 esa ifjofrZr djus
ij lger gksrs gSaA bl izfØ;k esa Mh dks gkfu gksrh gS&
(a) 1/20 (b) 1/10
(c) 1/5 (d) dksbZ ugha
A, B, C & D are in partnership sharing profits and
losses equally. They mutually agree to change the
profit sharing ratio to 3:3 2:2. In this process D loses
by:
(a) 1/20th share (b) 1/10th share
(c) 1/5th share (d) None
32. , ,oa ch 7 : 3 ds vuqikr esa ykHk ,oa gkfu;ksa dks foHkktu djus okys O;olk;
esa lk>snkj gSaA os lh dks ,d lk>snkj ds :i esa 'kkfey djrs gSaA , us 1/7 oka
Hkkx rFkk ch us vius fgLls dk 1/3 oka Hkkx lh ds i{k esa lefiZr fd;kA u;k
ykHk foHkktu vuqikr gksxk&
(a) 3 : 1 : 1 (b) 2 : 1 : 1
(c) 2 : 2 : 1 (d) dkbZ ugha
A & B are partners in a business sharing profits and
losses in the ratio of 7:3. They admit C as a partner. A
sacrificed 1/7* share and B sacrificed 1/3" of his share in
favour of C. New Profit sharing ratio will be
(a) 3:1:1 (b) 2:1:1
(c) 2:2:1 (d) None
33. , ,oa ch 5 : 3 ds vuqikr esa ykHkksa dk foHkktu djus okys lk>snkj gSaA o lh
dks ykHkksa esa 1/5 Hkkx gsrq 'kkfey djrs gSa] ftls og nksuksa ls leku :i ls , ls
1/10 rFkk ch ls 1/10 izkIr djrk gSA u;k ykHk foHkktu vuqikr gksxk&
(a) 21 : 11 : 8 (b) 20 : 10 : 4
(c) 15 : 10 : 5 (d) dksbZ ugha
A and B are partners. sharing profits in the ratio of 5:3.
They admit C with 1/5 share in profits, which he acquires
equally from both 1/10 from A and 1/10 from B. New
profit sharing ratio between A and B will be
(a) 21:11:8 (b) 20:10:4
(c) 15:10:5 (d) None
34. ,] ch ,oa lh 3 : 2 : 1 ds vuqikr esa ykHk&gkfu ckaVrs gSaA Mh ds izos'k ij os
5 : 4 : 2 : 1 ds vuqikr esa foHkktu ij lger gq,A leiZ.k vuqikr gksxk&
(a) 1/12 : dqN ugha % dqN ugha (b) dqN ugha % 1/12 : dqN ugha
(c) dqN ugha % dqN ugha % 1/12 (d) dksbZ ugha
A, B and C share profit and losses in the ratio of 3:2:1.
Upon admission of D they agreed to share in the ratio
of 5:4:2:1 sacrificing ratio will be:
(a) 1/12 : NIL : NIL
(b) NIL : 1/12 : NIL
(c) NIL : NIL : 1/12
35. ,] ch rFkk lh ykHk o gkfu ds 3 : 2 : 1 ds vuqikr esa foHkkftr djrs gSaA Mh
dks 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gS ;g vk; esa 1/6 iw.kZr;k , ls izkIr djrk gSA u;k
vuqikr gksxk&
(a) 1/3 : 1/3 : 1/6 : 1/6 (b) 3 : 1 : 1 : 1
(c) 2 : 2 : 2 : 1 (d) dksbZ ugha
A, B and C share the profit losses in the ratio of 3 : 2 : 1.
D is admitted. He gets 1/6 in share entirely from A. New
ratio will be
(a) 1/3 : 1/3 : 1/6 : 1/6
(b) 3 : 1 : 1 : 1
(c) 2 : 2 : 2 : 1
36. eksgu ,oa d`".k leku lk>snkj gSaA mUgksaus Hkkoh ykHkksa esa 1/4 Hkkx gsrq jke dks
'kkfey fd;kA u;k ykHk foHkktu vuqikr gksxk&
(a) 3 : 3 : 2 (b) 3 : 2 : 1
(c) 2 : 2 : 1 (d) x.kuk ugha dh tk ldrh
Mohan and Krishna are equal partners. They admitted
Ram for 1/4 share in future profits. New profit sharing
ratio will be
(a) 3 : 3 : 2
(b) 3 : 2 : 1
(c) 2 : 2 : 1
(d) Cannot be calculated.
37. , ,oa ch 5 : 3 ds vuqikr esa ykHk dk foHkktu djus okys lk>snkj gSaA os lh
dks ykHk esa 1/5 Hkkx gsrq 'kkfey djrs gSa ftls og nksuksa ls leku :i ls
vFkkZr~ , ls 1/10 izkIr djrk gSA rFkk B ls Hkh 1/10 Hkkx] u;k ykHk
foHkktu vuqikr gksxk&
(a) 21 : 11 : 8
(b) 11 : 21 : 8
(c) 8 : 11 : 21
(d) dksbZ ugha
37. A and B are partners. sharing profits in the ratio 5:3.
They admit C with 1/5 share in profits, which he
acquires equally from both i.e. 1/10 from A and 1/10
from B. Now profit sharing ratio will be
(a) 21 : 11 : 8
(b) 11 : 21 : 8
(c) 8 : 11 : 21
38. vkj rFkk ,l ,d QeZ ds leku lk>snkj gSaA os QeZ esa 1/3 ykHk ds fy, v dks
lfEefyr djrs gSaA u;k ykHk foHkktu vuqikr gksxk&
(a) 3 : 2 : 1 (b) 1 : 1 : 1
(c) 2 : 2 : 1 (d) fudkyk ugha tk ldrk gSA
R and S are partners sharing profits and losses
equally. They admitted A for 1/3 share in the firm. The
now profits sharing ratio will be:
(a) 3 : 2 : 1
(b) 1 : 1 : 1
(c) 2 : 2 : 1
(d) Cannot be calculated
39. fdlh Bgjko ds vHkko esa] ;g ekuk tkrk gS fd u;k lk>snkj iqjkus lk>snkjksa ls
ykHk dk viuk Hkkx------------------esa ikrk gSA
(a) iqjkus vuqikr (b) izkfIr vuqikr
(c) u;s vuqikr (d) R;kx vuqikr
In the absence of any agreement, it is presumed that
the new partner acquires, his share in profit from the
old partner in the
(a) Old ratio
(b) Gaining ratio
(c) New ratio
(d) Sacrificing ratio
40. 6,00,000 :- dqy iwath ds lkFk lk>snkjh dk fuekZ.k djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k
tkrk gSA rhu lk>snkj vt;] fot; rFkk lat; tks 5 : 3 : 2 ds vuqikr esa
ykHk ,oa gkfu foHkkftr djsaxs] vkuqikfrd iwath ;ksxnku gsrq lger gq,A mudk
iwath ;ksxnku gksxkA
(a) 3,00,000 :- % 1,80,000 : % 1,20,000 :-
(b) 2,00,000 :- % 2,00,000 :- % 2,00,000 :-
(c) 3,00,000 :- % 2,00,000 :- % 1,00,000 :-
(d) 1,00,000 :- % 2,00,000 :- % 3,00,000 :-
40. It is decided to form a partnership with a total capital
of Rs. 6,00,000. Three partners Ajay, Vijay and Sanjay
who will share profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3:2,
agreed to contribute proportionate capital. Their
capital contribution will be
(a) Rs. 3,00,000; Rs. 1,80,000; Rs. 1,20,000
(b) Rs. 2,00,000; Rs. 2,00,000; Rs. 1,00,000
(c) Rs. 3,00,000; Rs. 2,00,000; Rs. 1,00,000
(d) Rs. 1,00,000; Rs. 2,00,000; Rs. 3,00,000
41. v vkSj c lk>snkj gSa tks ykHk&gkfu dk caVokjk 3 : 2 esa djrs gSa v dh iwath
60,000 :- vkSj c dh iwath 30,000 :- gSaA og l dks 1/5 Hkkx ds fy,
ykHk esa 'kkfey djrs gSaA l dks fdruh iwath ykuh gksxh%
(a) 18,000 :- (b) 24,000 :-
(c) 29,000 :- (d) 22,500 :-
A and B are partners sharing profits and losses In the
ratio of 3: 2 A’s capital is Rs. 60,000 and B’s capital is
Rs. they admit c for 1/5th share of profits. How much
C could bring in toward his capital?
(a) Rs.18,000 (b) Rs.24,000
(c) Rs.29,000 (d) Rs.22,500
42. X rFkk Y lk>snkj gSa tks 5 : 3 esa ykHk foHkktu djrs gSa os ykHkksa ds 1/5 Hkkx
ds fy, Z dks 'kkfey djrs gSa ftlds fy, mlus 1,20,000 :- iwath ds :i
esa rFkk 60,000 :- [;kfr ds fy, fn;sA Z dh iwath dks vk/kkj ekurs gq,
izR;sd lk>snkj ds iwath 'ks"k Kkr dhft,A
(a) 3,00,000; 1,20,000 rFkk 1,20,000
(b) 3,00,000; 1,20,000 rFkk 1,18,000
(c) 3,00,000; 1,80,000 rFkk 1,20,000
(d) 3,00,000; 1,80,000 rFkk 1,80,000
42. X and Y are partners sharing profits in the ratio 5:3.
They admitted Z for 1/5th share of profits, for which he
paid Rs. 1,20,000 against capital and Rs. 60,000
against goodwill. Find the capital balances for each
partner taking Z’s capital as base capital.
(a) Rs. 3,00,000; Rs. 1,20,000 and Rs. 1,20,000
(b) Rs. 3,00,000; Rs. 1,20,000 and Rs. 1,80,000
(c) Rs. 3,00,000; Rs. 1,80,000 and Rs. 1,20,000
(d) Rs. 3,00,000; Rs. 1,80,000 and Rs. 1,80,000
43. P rFkk Q lk>snkj gSa tks ykHkksa dks 2 : 1 esa ckaVrs gSaA R dks 1 vizSy ls bl
'krZ ij QeZ esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k fd og viuh iwath ds :i esa ykHk ds 1/4
Hkkx ds fy, 20,000 :- yk;s rFkk 9,000 :- [;kfr ds fy, pqdk;s] ftldk
vk/kk P rFkk Q }kjk fudky fy;k tkrk gSA QeZ ls fdruh jksdM+ P rFkk Q
fudkysaxs ¼;fn dksbZ gks½%
(a) 3000 : 1500
(b) 6000 : 3000
(c) 'kwU;
(d) dksbZ ugha
43. P and Q are partners sharing Profits in the ratio of 2:1.
R is admitted to the partnership with effect form 1st
April on the term that he will bring Rs. 20,000 as his
capital form 1/4th share and pays Rs. 9,000 for
goodwill, half of which is to be withdrawn by P and Q.
How much cash can P & Q withdraw from the firm (if
any).
(a) Rs. 3,000: Rs. 1,500
(b) Rs. 6000: Rs. 3,000
(c) Nil
Answer Key
1 A 2 B 3 C 4 A 5 A
6 A 7 A 8 B 9 A 10 A
11 A 12 D 13 B 14 A 15 B
16 C 17 A 18 D 19 B 20 B
21 B 22 B 23 B 24 A 25 B
26 C 27 C 28 A 29 A 30 A
31 A 32 A 33 A 34 A 35 A
36 A 37 A 38 B 39 A 40 A
41 D 42 C 43 A
lk>snkj dk vodk'k xzg.k] e`R;q rFkk QeZ dk lekiu o
QeZ dk ,dhdj.k
¼;wfuV&4½
Retirement, Death of a Partner and
Dissolution of Firm and Amalgamation
of Firm
(Unit-4)
 lk>snkj ds vodk'k xzg.k ,oa e`R;q ds le; ij Qk;ns dk vuqikr@vf/kxe
vuqikr@ykHk izkfIr vuqikr@o`f) vuqikr Kkr fd;k tkrk gSA
Gaining Ratio is calculated at the time of retiring and
death of the partner.
Qk;ns dk vuqikr = u;k vuqikr & iqjkuk vuqikr
Gaining Ratio = New Ratio - Old Ratio
 ,d lk>snkj vius vodk'k xzg.k ds i'pkr ds nkf;Roksa ds fy, mÙkjnk;h ugha
gksrk gSA
A partner is not liable for his post-retiring obligations.
 e`r lk>snkj ds fgLls dk Hkqxrku mlds oS/kkfud mÙkjkf/kdkjh dks djrs gSaA
The deceased partner's share is paid to his legal heir.
 Hkkjrh; lk>snkjh vf/kfu;e 1932 dh /kkjk 37 vuqlkj tc rd mlds fgLls dk
Hkqxrku ugha gks tkrk] mls cdk;k jkf'k ij 6% okf"kZd dh nj ls C;kt dk
Hkqxrku fd;k tk;sxkA
As per Section 37 of the Indian Partnership Act, 1932,
unless its share is paid, he will be paid interest at the
rate of 6% per annum on the outstanding amount.
lk>snkjh QeZ esa thou chek ikWfylh dk mipkj

Treatment of life insurance policy in partnership firm
 QeZ viuh foÙkh; lqj{kk ds fy, lk>snkjksa ds thou ij thou chek ikWfylh ysrh
gSA
The firm takes a life insurance policy on the lives of
partners for their financial security.
 QeZ lk>snkjksa ds thou ij dqy nks izdkj dh thou chek ikWfylh ys ldrh gSA
The firm can take a total of two types of life insurance
policies on the lives of partners.
(i) O;fDrxr thou chek ikWfylh
Personal Life Insurance Policy
(ii) la;qDr thou chek ikWfylh
Joint Life Insurance Policy
 bu ikWfyfl;ksa ij izhfe;e dk Hkqxrku QeZ ds }kjk fd;k tk;sxk lk>snkjksa }kjk
ughaA pkgs ikWfylh O;fDrxr gks ;k la;qDrA
The premium on these policies will be paid by the firm
and not by the partners. Whether the policy is
individual or joint.
 ikWfylh ij fuos'k nh?kZdkyhu fuos'k gS vkSj nh?kZdkyhu fuos'k dk [kkrk LFkk;h
lEifÙk dk [kkrk gksrk gS o LFkk;h lEifÙk ds lHkh [kkrs okLrfod gksrs gSaA
Investment on the policy is a long-term investment and
the account of long-term investment is fixed assets
account and it is real nature account.
 ikWfyfl;ksa ls tks Hkh jkf'k izkIr gksxh ml jkf'k dks QeZ lHkh lk>snkjksa esa muds
iqjkus ykHk&gkfu vuqikr esa ckaV nsxhA
The firm will divide the amount from the policies into
their old profit-loss ratio in all the partners.
Surrender Value-
 leiZ.k ewY;&chek dEiuh vius }kjk tkjh dh x;h leLr ikWfyfl;ksa dk izR;sd
o"kZ ds var esa leiZ.k ewY; ?kksf"kr djrh gSA
Insurance Company declares surrender value at the
end of every year of all the policies issued by it.
;g ml le; dk izpfyr cktkj ewY; gksrk gSA
It is the prevailing market price of that time.
 ikWfylh dk leiZ.k ewY; igys o"kZ esa 'kwU; gksrk gSA
The surrender value of the policy is zero in the first year.
 QeZ dh ys[kk iqLrdksa esa@vkfFkZd fpV~Bs esa ikWfylh dks muds leiZ.k ewY; ij fn
[kk;k tkrk gSA
The policy is shown in the accounting books of the
firm/in the balance sheet at their surrender value.
 fdlh lk>snkj dk vodk'k xzg.k@QeZ ds lekiu ds le; QeZ chek dEiuh ls
leiZ.k ewY; izkIr djsxhA
The firm shall obtain surrender value from the insurance
company at the time of retiring/liquidation of firm.
Policy Value-
 ikWfylh ewY;&;g dqy chfer /ku gS ftrus dk chek fy;k gSA
This is the total insured money that is insured.
 ikWfylh ewY; dh izkfIr fdlh lk>snkj dh e`R;q vFkok ifjiDork vof/k iwjh gksus
tks nksuksa esa ls igys gks ml le; gksrh gSA
The receipt of the policy value is at the time of death of
a partner or completion/maturity period which is the
first of the two.
1. lk>snkjksa ds thou ij yh x;h la;qDr chek ikWfylh ds [kkrs dks fdl izd`fr
dk [kkrk ekuk tkrk gSA
(a) O;fDrxr
(b) okLrfod
(c) vokLrfod
(d) izfrfuf/kRo O;fDrxr
The account of the joint insurance policy taken on the
life of the partners is considered as an account of
what nature.
(a) Personal
(b) Real
(c) Nominal
(d) Representation individual
2. QeZ dh ys[kk iqLrdksa esa Balance Sheet esa ikWfylh dks fdl ewY; ij
fn[kk;k tk;sxk\
(a) ikWfylh ewY; ij
(b) vc rd pqdk;s x;s izhfe;e
(c) leiZ.k ewY; ij
(d) ifjiDork ewY; ij
At what price will the policy be shown in balance
sheet in the accounting books of the firm?
(a) At policy value
(b) Premium paid so far
(c) Surrender value
(d) At maturity value
3. la;qDr thou ikWfylh [kkrk gS&
(a) pkyw lEifÙk dk [kkrk
(b) LFkk;h lEifÙk dk [kkrk
(c) vk; dk [kkrk
(d) mijksDr lHkh
Joint Life Policy Accounts-

(a) Account of current assets
(b) Account of fixed assets
(c) Income account
4. fdlh lk>snkj ds vodk'k xzg.k djus ij@QeZ ds lekiu ds le; QeZ }kjk
chek dEiuh ls la;qDr thou chek ikWfylh ds laca/k esa leiZ.k ewY; izkIr fd;k
tk;sxkA
Surrender value in respect of joint life insurance
policy shall be obtained by the firm from the insurance
company at the time of retirement of a partner/
liquidation of the firm.
5. fdlh lk>snkj dh e`R;q gksus ij QeZ ds }kjk la;qDr thou chek ikWfylh ds
laca/k esa ikWfylh ewY; izkIr fd;k tk;sxkA
The policy value in respect of joint life insurance policy
will be obtained by the firm on the death of a partner.
6. QeZ ds }kjk chek ikWfylh ds laca/k esa izkIr jkf'k;ksa dks lk>snkjksa ds chp fdl
vuqikr esa ckaVk tk;sxk\
(a) R;kx
(b) Qk;ns
(c) iqjkus
(d) u;s vuqikr
What proportion will the amounts received by the firm
in respect of insurance policy be shared between the
partners?
(a) Sacrificing
(b) Gaining
(c) Old
(d) New ratio
ikWfylh dk QeZ dh ys[kk iqLrdksa esa mipkj djus dh fuEu rhu fof/k;ka gSa&
The following are the three methods of treating the policy
in the accounting books of the firm:
1. tc ikWfylh ij pqdk;s x;s izhfe;e dks O;;@O;kikfjd O;;] [kpZ] vkxe] vkxe
ls pktZ P & L A/c ls pktZ] ykHkksa ij izHkkj] vokLrfod [kkrk ekuk tkrk gSA
When the premium paid on the policy is considered to
be an nominal account, expenses/business expenses,
charges on profits, charges on P & L A/c.
Ex. Policy price - 100000
leiZ.k ewY; - 10000
Surrender Value
okf"kZd izhfe;e - 3000
Annual Premium
bl fof/k esa izhfe;e dks O;; ekuk tkrk gS blfy, O;; dks ykHk&gkfu [kkrs esa
fn[kk;k tk;sxk] bl fof/k esa ikWfylh dks B/S esa ugha fn[kkrsA
In this method, the premium is considered as expenditure,
therefore, the expenditure will be shown in the profit and
loss account, in this method does not show the policy in
B/S.
vr% vxj vodk'k xzg.k gksrk gS rks QeZ chek dEiuh ls leiZ.k ewY; 10000 izkIr
djsxh vkSj e`R;q dh n'kk esa ikWfylh ewY; 100000 izkIr djsxh vkSj bu jkf'k;ksa dks
lHkh lk>snkjksa esa muds iqjkus ykHk gkfu vuqikr esa ckaV nsxhA
Therefore, if retired, the firm will receive the surrender
value of 10000 from the insurance company and in case of
death the policy value will be 100000 and divide these
amounts into their old profit loss ratio in all the partners.
Q. A, B rFkk C 3 : 2 : 1 esa lk>snkj gSaA QeZ us 30000 :- dh ,d la;qDr
thou chek ikWfylh ys j[kh gS ftldk leiZ.k ewY; 6000 gSA A vodk'k xzg.k
djrk gS rFkk Hkfo"; esa B rFkk C leku vuqikr esa ykHk gkfu ckaVsxsA ;fn
ikWfylh ij pqdk;s x;s izhfe;e dks O;; ekuk tkrk gS rks ikWfylh dk iwath [kkrs
esa D;k mipkj gksxkA
leiZ.k ewY; 6000 dh jkf'k 3 : 2 : 1 esa ckaVh tk;sxhA
A – 3000, B – 2000, C - 1000
vxj A dh e`R;q gks tkrh gS rks rhuksa esa ikWfylh ewY; caVsxkA
A – 15000, B – 10000, C – 5000
Q. A, B and C 3 : 2 : 1 are partners. The firm has take Rs.
30,000 a joint life insurance policy with a surrender
value of 6000. A retired and in B and C will share profit
losses in the same proportion. If the premium paid on
the policy is considered as expenditure, what will be
the treatment of the policy in the capital account?
The surrender value of 6000 will be distributed in 3 : 2 : 1.
A – 3000, B – 2000, C - 1000
If A dies, the policy would be divided into all three.
A-15000, B - 10000, C - 5000
2. tc ikWfylh esa fuos'k dks lEifÙk ekuk tkrk gSA
When investment in the policy is considered as an assets.
Policy Price 1,00,000
leiZ.k ewY; 10,000
Surrender Value
izhfe;e 3,000
Premium
bl fof/k esa ikWfylh esa fuos'k dks lEifÙk ekuk x;k gS vkSj lEifÙk dks dHkh P & L esa
ugha fn[kkrs cfYd B/S ds lEifÙk i{k ij leiZ.k ewY; ij fn[kk;saxsA ljy 'kCnksa esa
leiZ.k ewY; 10000 ds cjkcj jkf'k igys gh iwath [kkrs esa lek;ksftr gks pqdh gSA
vr% ;fn lk>snkj dk vodk'k xzg.k gksrk gS rks QeZ chek dEiuh ls leiZ.k ewY;
10000 : izkIr djsaxs mipkj ugha gksxkA D;ksafd leiZ.k ewY; igys ls gh iwath [kkrs
esa lek;ksftr gks pqdk gSA ysfdu vxj fdlh lk>snkj dh e`R;q gks tkrh gS rks QeZ
chek dEiuh ls ikWfylh ewY; 1,00,000 izkIr djrh gS ysfdu lk>snkjksa ds iwath
[kkrs esa dsoy 'ks"k jkf'k 100000 - 10000 = 90000 :- ckaVh tk;sxhA
In this method, investment in the policy is considered as
an assets and will never show the assets in P & L account
but at the surrender value on the assets side of B/S. In
simple terms, the surrender value equal to 10,000 has
already been adjusted to the capital account. Therefore, if
the partner is retiring, the firm will receive the surrender
price of Rs. 10,000 from the insurance company and the
treatment will not be there. Because the surrender value
has already been adjusted to the capital account. But if a
partner dies, the firm receives a policy value of Rs.
1,00,000 from the insurance company but only the balance
in the partners' capital account is Rs. 1,00,000 - 10,000 =
Rs. 90,000 will be distributed.
Q. A, B, C = 3 : 2 : 1
QeZ us ikWfylh ewY; = 3,00,000
leiZ.k ewY; = 90000
C vodk'k xzg.k djrk gS rFkk Hkfo"; esa A : B = 1 : 1
iwath [kkrs esa D;k lek;kstu gksxkA ;fn ikWfylh dks fpV~Bs esa leiZ.k ewY; ij
fn[kk;k x;k gSA
(a) leiZ.k ewY; 90,000 iqjkus lk>snkjksa esa ckaVs tk;saxsA
(b) leiZ.k ewY; lk>snkjksa esa u;s vuqikr esa ckaVs tk;saxsA
(c) 2,10,000 lHkh esa ckaVs tk;saxsA
(d) dksbZ mipkj ughaA
Q. A, B, C = 3 : 2 : 1
Firm has policy value = 3,00,000
Surrender Value = 90,000
C retired and in the future new A : B = 1 : 1
What will be the adjustment in the capital account? If
the policy is shown at the surrender value.
(a) Surrender values will be distributed 90,000 in old
partners.
(b) Surrender values will be distributed in the new ratio.
(c) 2,10,000 will be distributed to all.
(d) No treatment.
Note: e`R;q gksus ij Ans. c gksrk gSA
Ans. On death option will be C.
3. tc iqLrdksa esa ikWfylh ds fy, lap; [kkrk cuk;k tkrk gSA
When policy account is maintained with reserve
account in books.
Policy - 1,00,000
leiZ.k ewY; - 10,000
Surrender Value
izhfe;e - 3000
Premium
ikWfylh lap; [kkrk - 10000
Policy Reserve Account
vxj lk>snkj dk vodk'k xzg.k gks tk;s rks JLP Reserve 10000 dks lHkh esa
iqjkus vuqikr esa ckaV nsaxsA ysfdu e`R;q gks tk;s rks fuEu nks dk;Z djsaxs&
If the partner is retired, JLP Reserve will divide 10,000 in
all to the old proportion. But if partner die, you will do the
following two things:
(i) 10000 JLP Reserve ckaV nsaxs
10,000 JLP Reserve will be distributed
(ii) 90,000 dh JLP ckaV nsaxsA
Will distribute JLP of 90,000.
lk>snkjh O;olk; dk fo?kVu@lk>snkj dk fnokfy;k gksuk
Dissolution of partnership business/bankrupty of partner
 QeZ ds lekiu dh fLFkfr esa olwyh [kkrk (Realisation Account) [kksyk
tkrk gS rFkk lHkh lEifÙk o nkf;Roksa dks blesa iqLrd ewY; ij fn[kk;k tkrk gSA
In case of firm's termination, realisation account is
opened and all assets and liabilities are shown at book
price.
 olwyh [kkrk vokLrfod [kkrk gS rFkk blls mRiUu ykHk@gkfu dks lk>snkjksa ds
iwath [kkrs esa MsfcV@ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gSA
Realisation account is nominal account and the profit/
loss arising out of it is debited/credited to the capital
account of the partners.
 ;fn dksbZ lk>snkj fnokfy;k gksrk gS rks mlds fnokfy;k gksus ls QeZ dh lEifÙk
esa tks Hkh deh vkrh gS] mls iwjk djus dk nkf;Ro 'kks/k{kE; lk>snkjksa dk gksrk gSA
(Garner v/s Murrey)
If a partner is insolvent, then debit balance of insolvent
partner will be born by remaining solving partner
(Garner v/s Murrey).
 fnokfy;k lk>snkj dh iwath 'kks/k{kE; lk>snkjksa dh iwath ds vuqikr esa caVsxhA
If a partner is insolvent, then loss will be born by
remaining solvent partner in there capital ratio (Garner
v/s Murrey)
 olwyh ij gkfu&olwyh ij gkfu ls lk>snkjh ds iwt a h [kkrs dks MsfcV fd;k tkrk gSA
Capital account of the partnership is debited from loss
on realisation.
 olwyh ij ykHk&olwyh ij ykHk ls lk>snkjksa ds iwt
a h [kkrs dks ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gSA
The capital account of the partners is credited from the
profit on realisation.
 csph xbZ lEifÙk ls olwyh [kkrs dks ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gSA
Realisation account is credited from the assets sold.
Piecemeal Distribution to Partners

 QeZ ds lekiu ij rRdky xzkgd u feyus ds dkj.k vFkok mfpr ewY; u feyus
ds dkj.k lEifÙk;ka /khjs&/khjs csph tkrh gSa vkSj izkIr jde dk Hkqxrku fuEu Øe
ls fd;k tkrk gS&
The assets are sold gradually due to non-receipt of
immediate customer at the conclusion of the firm or
due to non-availability of fair price and the amount
received is paid in the following order:
(1) olwyh O;;ksa dk Hkqxrku
Payment of realisation expenses
(2) QeZ ds ysunkjksa o vU; nkf;Roksa dk Hkqxrku
Payment of creditors and other liabilities of the firm
(3) lk>snkjksa ds _.kksa dk _.kksa dh jde ds vuqikr esa Hkqxrku
Payment of loans of partners in proportion to the
amount of loans
(4) lk>snkjksa dh iwath dk Hkqxrku
Payment of capital of partners
lk>snkj dk vodk'k xzg.k] e`R;q rFkk QeZ dk lekiu o
QeZ dk ,dhdj.k
¼;wfuV&4½
Retirement, Death of a Partner and
Dissolution of Firm and Amalgamation
of Firm
(Unit-4)
1. vodk'k&xzg.k ys jgk ;k ckgj tk jgk lk>snkj %
(a) QeZ ds nkf;Roksa ds izfr nk;h gksrk gSA
(b) QeZ ds fdlh nkf;Ro ds izfr nk;h ugha jgrkA
(c) vius vodk'k&xzg.k ls iwoZ fd;s x;s nkf;Roksa ds fy, nk;h jgrk gSA
(d) dsoy mldh lgefr ds lkFk fd;s x;s nkf;Roksa ds fy, nk;h jgrk gSA
Retiring or outgoing partner:

(a) Is liable for firms liabilities.
(b) Not liable for any liabilities of the firm.
(c) Is liable for obligation incurred before his retirement.
(d) Is liable for obligations incurred before and after
his retirement.
2. lsok&fuo`Ùk gksus okys lk>snkj dks 'ks"k lk>snkjksa ds i{k esa QeZ ds Hkkoh ykHkksa ls
fonkbZ gsrq {kfriwfrZ nh tkrh gSA 'ks"k lk>snkj bl {kfriwfrZ /kujkf'k esa------------------
esa ;ksxnku djrs gSaA
(a) izkfIr vuqikr (b) iwath vuqikr
(c) leiZ.k vuqikr (d) ykHk foHkktu vuqikr
Outgoing partner is compensated for parting with
firms future profits in favour of remaining partners.
The remaining partners contribute to such
compensation amount in
(a) Gaining Ratio.
(b) Capital Ratio.
(c) Sacrificing Ratio.
(d) Profit Sharing Ratio.
3. vfer] jksfgr rFkk lqfer 5 : 4 : 3 ds vuqikr esa ykHk iwoZ gkfu dk foHkktu
djus okys lk>snkj gSaA lqfer vodk'k xzg.k djrk gS rFkk ;fn vfer ,oa jksfgr
lqfer ds ykHk dks 4 : 3 esa ckaVrs gSa] rks u;k ykHk foHkktu vuqikr gksxk&
(a) 4 : 3 (b) 47 : 37
(c) 5 : 4 (d) 5 : 3
Amit, Rohit and Sumit are partners sharing profits and
losses in the ratio of 5 : 4 : 3. Sumit retires and if Amit
and Rohit shares profits of Sumit in 4 : 3, then new
profit sharing ratio will be
(a) 4:3.
(b) 47:37.
(c) 5:4.
(d) 5:3.
4. vuqikr ftlesa lrr~ lk>snkj ckgj tkus okys ¼vodk'k izkIr ;k e`r½ lk>snkj
dk Hkkx izkIr djrs gSa--------------dgykrk gSA
(a) leiZ.kdkjh vuqikr
(b) izkfIr vuqikr
(c) u;k ykHk foHkktu vuqikr
(d) iqjkuk ykHk foHkktu vuqikr
The ratio in which the continuing partners acquire the
outgoing (retired or deceased) partner’s share is
called_________
(a) Sacrificing ratio
(b) Gaining ratio
(c) New profit sharing ratio
(d) Old profit sharing ratio
5. XYZ lk>snkj vkil esa ykHk 3 : 4 : 3 ds vuqikr esa ckaVrs gSaA Y vodk'k
xzg.k djrk gS vksj X vkSj Z mlds ykHk cjkcj&cjkcj ckaVrs gSaA X vkSj Z dk
u;k vuqikr Kkr dhft,A
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 2 : 1
(c) 3 : 1 (d) 1 : 1
X, Y, Z are partners sharing profits in the ratio 3 : 4 : 3

Y retires, and X and Z share his profits in equal ratio.
Find new ratio of X and Z.
(a) 1 : 2
(b) 2 : 1
(c) 3 : 1
(d) 1 : 1
6. X, Y, Z QeZ ds leku lk>snkj gSaA Z vodk'k xzg.k djrk gSA u;k ykHk
vuqikr X rFkk Y ds e/; 1 : 2 gSA ykHk izkfIr vuqikr Kkr dhft,A
(a) 3 : 2
(b) 2 : 1
(c) 4 : 1
(d) flQZ Y izkIr djsxk 1/3
X, Y, Z are equal partners in a firm. Z retires from the
firm. The new profit sharing ratio between X and Y is
1 : 2 Find the gaining ratio.
(a) 3 : 2
(b) 2 : 1
(c) 4 : 1
(d) Only Y gains by l/3
7. gjh] jkW; rFkk izlkn lk>snkj gSa rFkk mudk ykHk gkfu vuqikr 3 : 5 : 1 gSA
jkW; vc vodk'k pkgrk gSA mldk fgLlk izlkn us ys fy;kA gjh rFkk izlkn
dk u;k vuqikr D;k gksxk\
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 2 : 1
(c) 3 : 5 (d) cjkcj
Hari, Roy and Prasad are partners in the ratio of 3 : 6 :
1 respectively. Roy wants to retire. His share is being
purchased by Prasad. What would be the new ratio of
Hari and Prasad respectively?
(a) 1 : 2
(b) 2 : 1
(c) 3 : 5
(d) Equal
8. izkfIr vuqikr dk iz;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gS tc&
(a) ,d lk>snkj dks 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gSA
(b) ,d lk>snkj vodk'k xzg.k djrk gSA
(c) ,d O;olk; cspk tkrk gSA
(d) ,d lk>snkj fnokfy;k gks tkrk gSA
Gaining ratio may be applied when

(a) A partner is admitted
(b) A partner retires
(c) A business is sold out
(d) A partner is insolvent
9. ckgj tk jgs lk>snkj dks {kfriwfjr fd;k tkrk gS lk>snkjksa ds Hkkoh ykHkksa ds
fy, %
(a) ykHk izkfIr vuqikr esa
(b) iwath vuqikr esa
(c) R;kx vuqikr esa
(d) ykHk foHkktu vuqikr esa
firm’s future profit’s in favour of remaining partner.
(a) Gaining Ratio
(b) Capital Ratio
(c) Sacrificing Ratio
(d) Profit sharing Ratio
10. A, B rFkk C lk>snkj gSa ftudk ykHk foHkktu vuqikr 4 : 3 : 2 gSA B
vodk'k xzg.k djrk gSA ;fn A rFkk C ykHkksa dks Hkfo"; esa 5 : 3 esa ckaVsx
a s rks
izkfIr vuqikr Kkr dhft,A
(a) 47 : 25 (b) 17 : 11
(c) 13 : 11 (d) 14 : 21
A, B and C are partners with profits sharing ratio 4 : 3 : 2.

B retires. If A & C shares profits of B in 5 : 3, then find the
new profit sharing ratio.
(a) 47 : 25
(b) 17 : 11
(c) 13 : 11
(d) 14 : 21
11. ckgj tk jgs lk>snkj dks 'ks"k lk>snkjksa ds i{k esa QeZ ds Hkkoh ykHkksa ls vyx
gksus ds fy, {kfriwfjr fd;k tkrk gSA fdl vuqikr esa 'ks"k lk>snkj ,slh
{kfriwfrZ jkf'k ds izfr ;ksxnku nsrs gSa\
(a) izkfIr vuqikr (b) iwath vuqikr
(c) R;kx vuqikr (d) ykHk foHkktu vuqikr
firm’s future profits in favour of remaining partners. In
what ratio do the remaining partners contribute to
such compensation amount?
(a) Gaining Ratio
(b) Capital Ratio
(c) Sacrificing Ratio
(d) Profit Sharing Ratio
12. iquewZY;kadu [kkrk------------------ds le; rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA
(a) ,d lk>snkj ds izos'k
(b) ,d lk>snkj ds vodk'k xzg.k
(c) a ,oa b nksuksa
Revaluation account is prepared at the time of

(a) Admission of a partner
(b) Retirement of a partner
13. lk>snkj ds vodk'k xzg.k ds le; fcuk ys[ks fd;s gqvk lEifÙk dk D;k mipkj
gksxk%
(a) iquewZY;kadu [kkrs esa ØsfMV
(b) vodk'k xzg.k djus okys lk>snkj ds [kkrs esa ØsfMV
(c) iquewZY;kadu [kkrs esa MsfcV
(d) lk>snkjksa ds iwath [kkrs esa ØsfMV
How unrecorded assets are treated at the time of
retirement of a partner?
(a) Credited to revaluation account
(b) Credited to capital account of retiring partner only
(c) Debited to revaluation account
(d) Credited to partner's capital account
14. ,d lk>snkj ds vodk'k xzg.k ds le; lkekU; lap;---------dks varfjr fd;k
tkrk gSA
(a) iquewZY;kadu [kkrk
(b) Lej.kkFkZ iquewZY;kadu [kkrk
(c) lk>snkjksa dk iwath [kkrk
(d) ykHk&gkfu lek;kstu [kkrk
General reserve at the time of retirement of a partner
is transferred to__________
(a) Revaluation account
(b) Memorandum Revaluation account
(c) Partners’ capital accounts
(d) Profit& Loss Adjustment account
15. C, D rFkk E lk>snkj gS] tks 1/21, 1/3 rFkk 1/6 esa ykHk gkfu foHkkftr
djrs gSaA D vodk'k xzg.k dj jgk gS rFkk C rFkk E ds chp u;k ykHk
foHkktu vuqikr 3 : 2 gSA lap; 12,000 :- ds gSa tks lk>snkjksa esa forfjr
fd;k tk;sxk%
(a) 2,000 : 4,000 : 6,000
(b) 5,000 : 5,000 : 2,000
(c) 4,000 : 6,000 : 2,000
(d) 6,000 : 4,000 : 2,000
15. C, D and E are partners sharing profits and losses in
the proportion of 1/2, 1/3 and 1/6. D retired and the
new profit sharing ratio between C and F is 3 : 2 and
the reserve of Rs. 12000 is divided among the
partners in the ratio:
(a) Rs. 2,000: Rs. 4,000: Rs. 6,000
(b) Rs. 5,000: Rs. 5,000: Rs. 2,000
(c) Rs. 4,000: Rs. 6,000: Rs. 2,000
(d) Rs. 6,000: Rs. 4,000: Rs. 2,000
16. fdlh lk>snkj dh e`R;q ij mlds mÙkjkf/kdkjh dh lEc) vof/k ds fy, e`r
lk>snkj ds ykHk dk Hkkx pqdk;k tkrk gSA bl Hkqxrku dk ys[kk ykHk gkfu
[kkrs esa fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) lek;kstu (b) fofu;kstu
(c) la'k; (d) lap;
On the death of partner, his executor is paid the share
of profits of the dying partner for relevant period. This
payment is recorded in profit & loss…….. Account.
(a) Adjustment
(b) Appropriation
(c) Suspense
(d) Reserve
17. vodk'k xzg.k dj jgs lk>snkj dk nkok fuEu :i ls pqdk;k tkrk gS%
(a) iw.kZr% udn
(b) iw.kZr% _.k [kkrs esa varfjr rFkk ckn esa dqN C;kt ds lkFk Hkqxrku
(c) va'kr% udn rFkk va'kr% fu/kkZfjr lfgr ckn esa ykSVkus okys _.k ds :i esAa
(d) mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ,d fof/k
Claim of the retiring partner is payable in the following
form.
(a) Fully in cash.
(b) Fully transferred to loan account to be paid later
with some interest on it.
(c) Partly in cash and partly as loan repayable later
with agreed interest.
(d) Any of the above method.
18. A, B rFkk C ,d QeZ esa lk>snkj gS tks ykHk gkfu Øe'k% 2 : 2 : 1 esa ckaVrs
gSa rFkk mudh iwath Øe'k% 50,000 :-] 50,000 :- rFkk 25,000 :- gSA
B us QeZ ls vodk'k xzg.k gksus dh ?kks"k.kk dh rFkk ml fLFkfr dks lap; dk
'ks"k 15,000 :- Fkk rFkk [;kfr 30,000 :i;s Fkh vkSj iquewZY;kadu lap;
7050 :- ds Fks rks B ds _.k [kkrs esa fdruh jkf'k varfjr dh tk;sA
(a) 70,820 :-
(b) 50,820 :-
(c) 25,820 :-
(d) 58,820 :-
18. A, B and C were partners in a firm sharing profits and
losses in the ratio of 2 : 2 : 1 respectively with the
capital balance of Rs. 50,000 for A and B, for C Rs.
26,000. B declared to retire form the firm and balance
in reserve on the date was Rs. 15,000. If goodwill of
the firm was valued as Rs. 30,000 and profit on
revaluation was Rs. 7,050 then what amount will be
transferred to the loan account of B.
(a) Rs. 70,820
(b) Rs. 50,820
(c) Rs. 25,820
(d) Rs. 58,820
19. ,] ch ,oa lh 9 : 4 : 3 ds vuqikr esa ykHk ,oa gkfu dks foHkkftr djus okys
lk>snkj gSaA mUgksaus , ds fy, 25000 :-] ch ds fy, 20,000 :- rFkk lh
gsrq 51,000 :- dh la;qDr thou ikWfylh yhA ts ,y ih /kujkf'k esa lh dk
D;k va'k gS\
(a) 18,000 :- (b) 2,50,000 :-
(c) 51,000 :- (d) 20,000 :-
A, B and C are partners sharing profits and losses in
the ratio 9 : 4 : 3. They took Joint life policy of Rs.
25,000 For A, Rs. 20,000 for B and Rs. 51,000 for C.
What is the share of C in the JLP amount?
(a) Rs. 18,000. (b) Rs. 25,000.
(c) Rs. 51,000. (d) Rs. 20,000.
20. ;fn fdlh lk>snkj dh e`R;q gksrh gS rks la;qDr thou chek ikWfylh ls izkIr
jkf'k gksxhA
(a) leiZ.k ewY;
(b) ifjiDork ewY;
(c) ikWfylh ewY;
(d) dksbZ Hkh ugha
If a partner dies, then JLP will be reckoned at________

(a) Surrender value
(b) Maturity value
(c) Policy value/assured value
(d) None
21. ,d lk>snkj ds lsok fuo`r gksus ij QeZ dk fo?kVu gks tkrk gSA JLP dh
fdruh jkf'k lk>snkjksa ds iwath [kkrksa esa ØsfMV dh tk;sxhA
(a) ifjiDork ewY;
(b) leiZ.k ewY;
(c) ikWfylh dk ewY;
(d) dksbZ Hkh ugha
If the firm gets dissolved due to retirement of one the
partners, then what amount of JLP will be credited in
partner’s capital A/c?
(a) Maturity value
(b) Surrender value
(c) Policy value
(d) None of these.
22. X, Y, Z lk>snkj gS tks ykHk&gkfu dks leku vuqikr esa ckaVrs gS]a mUgksua s ,d
la;qDr chek ikWfylh y j[kh Fkh tks 5,00,000 :- dh Fkh vkSj mldk leiZ.k
ewY; 3,00,000 :- gSA QeZ chek izhfe;e dks ,d O;; ds :i esa fn[kkrh gSA
Y lk>snkj vodk'k xzg.k djrk gS vkSj X vkSj Z fu.kZ; djrs gSa fd os 2 : 1
ds vuqikr esa ykHk ckaVsaxsA la;qDr chek ikWfylh dh jkf'k LFkkukarfjr dh tk,xh
bl izdkj ls%
(a) X, Y vkSj Z izR;sd ds [kkrs esa 1,00,000 ls ØsfMV
(b) X, Y vkSj Z izR;sd ds [kkrs esa 1,66,667 ls ØsfMV
(c) X vkSj Z ds [kkrs esa 2,50,000 :- ls ØsfMV
(d) Y ds [kkrs esa 3,00,000 :- ls ØsfMV
22. X, Y, Z are partners sharing profits and losses equally.
They took a Joint life policy of Rs. 5,00,000 with a
surrender value of Rs. 3,00,000. The firm treats the
Insurance premium as an expenses. Y retired and X
and Z decided to share profits and losses in 2:1. The
amount of Joint life policy will be transferred as:
(a) Credited to X, Y and Z’s capital accounts with Rs.
1,00,000 each
(b) Credited to X, Y and Z’s capital accounts with Rs.
1,66,667 each
(c) Credited to X, and Z's capital account with Rs.
2,50,000 each
(d) Credit to Y’s capital account with Rs. 3,00,000 each
23. ,d lk>snkj ds vodk'k xzg.k ds le; ij QeZ lHkh lk>snkjksa ds fy, yh xbZ
la;qDr thou chek ikWfylh ds izfr chek dEiuh ls---------ikrh gSA
(a) ikWfylh jkf'k
(b) leiZ.k ewY;
(c) vodk'k&xzg.k jgs lk>snkj ds fy, ikWfylh ewY; rFkk 'ks"k ds fy, leiZ.k ewY;
(d) lHkh lk>snkjksa ds fy, leiZ.k ewY;
23. At the time of retirement of a partner, firm gets .........
form the insurance company against the Joint Life
Policy taken Jointly for all the partners.
(a) Policy amount.
(b) Surrender Value
(c) Policy Value for the retiring partner and Surrender
value for the rest
(d) Surrender Value for all the partner
24. A, B rFkk C ,d la;qDr ikWfylh ysrs gSa] ikap o"kZ ckn B QeZ ls
vodk'k&xzg.k djrk gSA iqjkuk ykHk foHkktu vuqikr gS 2 : 2 : 1 vodk'k&
xzg.k ds ckn A rFkk C us fu.kZ; fy;k fd ykHk leku :i ls ckaVs tk;saxsA
mUgksaus 50,000 :- ds leiZ.k ewY; ds lkFk 2,50,000 :- dh la;qDr chek
ikWfylh yhA JLP dh jkf'k ikus ij lk>snkj ds iwath [kkrs esa D;k mipkj fd;k
tk;sxk] ;fn la;qDr chek izhfe;e dks vkxr ds izfr iw.kZr% pktZ fd;k tkrk gS
tc Hkh pqdk;k tk;s\
(a) lHkh lk>snkjksa dks iqjkus vuqikr esa 50,000 :- ØsfMV
(b) iqjkus vuqikr esa lHkh lk>snkjksa dks 2,50,000 :- ØsfMV
(c) iqjkus vuqikr esa lHkh lk>snkjksa dks 2,00,000 :- ØsfMV
(d) dksbZ mipkj visf{kr ugha
24. A, B and C takes a Joint life policy, after five years B
retires from the firm. Old profit sharing ratio is 2 : 2 : 1.
After retirement A and C decides to share profits
equally. They had taken a Joint life policy Rs. 250000
with the surrender value Rs. 50000 . What will be the
treatment in the parents capital account on receiving
the JLP amounts if joint life policy premium if is fully
charged to revenue as and when paid?
(a) Rs. 50000 credited to all the partners in old ratio.
(b) Rs. 2,50,000 credited to all the partners in old ratio.
(c) Rs. 2,00,000 credited to all the partners in old ratio.
(d) No treatment is required.
25. A, B rFkk C ,d la;qDr chek ikWfylh ysrs gSa] ikap o"kZ ckn B QeZ ls
vodk'k&xzg.k djrk gSA iqjkuk ykHk foHkktu vuqikr 2 : 2 : 1 gSA vodk'k&
xzg.k ds ckn A rFkk C ykHk leku :i ls ckaVsxsA mUgksua s 2,50,000 :- dh
la;qDr chek ikWfylh yh Fkh ftldk leiZ.k ewY; 50,000 :- FkkA JLP dh
jkf'k ikus ij lk>snkj ds iwath [kkrs esa D;k mipkj gksxk ;fn JLP dks leiZ.k
ewY; ij fn[kk;k tkrk gS\
(a) iqjkus lk>snkjksa esa lHkh lk>snkjksa dks 50,000 :- ØsfMV
(b) iqjkus vuqikr esa lHkh lk>snkjksa dks 2,50,000 :- ØsfMV
(c) iqjkus vuqikr esa lHkh lk>snkjksa dks 2,00,000 :- ØsfMV
(d) dksbZ mipkj visf{kr ughaA
25. A, B and C takes a Joint Life Policy, after five years, B
retires form the firm. Old profit sharing ratio is 2 : 2 :1.
equally. They had taken a Joint Life Policy of Rs.
2,50.000 with the surrender value Rs. 60,000. What will
be the treatment in the partner’s capital account on
receiving the JLP amount if Joint life policy is
maintained at the surrender value?
(a) Rs. 50,000 credited to all the partners in old ratio.
(d) No treatment is required.
26. A, B rFkk C ,d la;qDr chek ikWfylh ysrs gSa] ikap lky ckn B QeZ ls
vodk'k&xzg.k djrk gSA iqjkuk ykHk foHkktu vuqikr 2 : 2 : 1 gSA
fjVk;jeSUV ds ckn A rFkk C fu.kZ; djrs gSa ykHkksa ds leku forj.k ds fy,A
mUgksaus 2,50,000 :- dh ,d la;qDr thou chek ikWfylh yh Fkh] ftldk
leiZ.k ewY; 50,000 :- FkkA JLP dh jkf'k feyus ij lk>snkjksa ds iwath [kkrs
esa D;k mipkj fd;k tk;sxk ;fn la;qDr chek ikWfylh dks fjtoZ ds lkFk leiZ.k
ewY; ij fn[kk;k tkrk gS%
(a) iqjkus vuqikr esa lHkh lk>snkjksa dks 50,000 :- ØsfMV
(b) 2,50,000 :- lHkh lk>snkjksa dks iqjkus vuqikr esa ØsfMV
(c) 2,00,000 :- lHkh lk>snkjksa dks iqjkus vuqikr ØsfMV
(d) JLP fjtoZ [kkrs dks iqjkus ykHk foHkktu vuqikr esa forfjr djsa
26. A, B and C takes a Joint Life Policy, after five years, B
retires form the firm. Old profit sharing ratio is 2 : 2 :1.
equally. They had taken a Joint Life Policy of Rs.
2,50,000 with the surrender value Rs. 50,000. What will
be the treatment in the partner’s capital account on
receiving the JLP amount if Joint life policy is
maintained at the surrender value with the reserve?
(a) Rs. 50,000 credited to all the partners in old ratio.
(d) Distribute JLP reserve account in old profit
sharing ratio.
27. Hkkjrh; lk>snkjh vf/kfu;e] 1932 dh /kkjk 37 ds vuqlkj fu"iknd---------
izfr'kr izfr o"kZ dh nj ij e`rd lk>snkj dks ns; vafre jkf'k e`R;q dh frfFk ls
Hkqxrku dh frfFk rd x.kuk fd;s x;s C;kt dks viuh ilan ij nsus gsrq
vf/kd`r gksaxsA
(a) 7 (b) 4
(c) 6 (d) 12
As per Section 37 of the Indian Partnership Act, 1932,
the executors would be entitled at their choice to the
interest calculated from the date of death till the date
of payment on the final amount due to the dead
partner at _________ percentage per annum.
(a) 7 (b) 4
(c) 6 (d) 12
28. ,d lk>snkj dh e`R;q ds i'pkr ns; jkf'k izkIr dh tkrh gS&
(a) ljdkj }kjk
(b) QeZ }kjk
(c) e`r lk>snkj ds fu"iknd }kjk
(d) dksbZ ugha
After the death of a partner, amount payable is

received by
(a) Government
(b) Firm
(c) Executor of the death partner
29. e`r lk>snkj dh ns; jkf'k ns nh tk,xh
(a) firk dks
(b) fe= dks
(c) iRuh dks
(d) mÙkjkf/kdkjh dks
The amount due to the deceased partner is paid to

his:
(a) Father
(b) Friends
(c) Wife
(d) Executors
30. lk>snkj dh e`R;q ds ckn ns; jkf'k-------------dks feysxh%
(a) ljdkj
(b) QeZ
(c) e`r lk>snkj ds mÙkjkf/kdkjh
(d) dksbZ ugha
After the death of a partner, amount payable is

received by:
(a) Government
(b) Firm
(c) Executors of deceased partner
(d) None
31. Hkkjrh; lk>snkjh vf/kfu;e] 1932 dh /kkjk 37 ds vuqlkj mÙkjkf/kdkjh vius
fodYi ls vf/kd`r gksaxs--------------izfr'kr izfro"kZ ls e`r lk>snkj dks ns; vafre
jkf'k ij Hkqxrku dh frfFk rd e`R;q dh frfFk ls fudkys x;s C;kt ds fy,A
(a) 7 (b) 4
(c) 6 (d) 12
As per section 37 of the Indian partnership Act, 1932,
the executors would be entitled at their choice to the
Interest calculated from the date of death till the date
of payment on the final amount due to the dead
partner at percent per annum.
(a) 7 (b) 4
(c) 6 (d) 12
32. iquewZY;kadu [kkrk----------ds le; rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS&
(a) u, lk>snkj ds izos'k
(b) fdlh lk>snkj ds vodk'k xzg.k
(c) fdlh lk>snkj dh e`R;q
(d) mijksDr lHkh
Revaluation account is prepared at the time of

(a) Admission of a partner
(b) Retirement of a partner
(c) Death of a partner
33. lk>snkj dh e`R;q ds le;] QeZ lHkh lk>snkjksa gsrq la;qDr :i ls yh xbZ la;qDr
thou ikWfylh ds lkis{k chek dEiuh ls----------izkIr djrh gSA
(a) ikWfylh /kujkf'k
(b) leiZ.k ewY;
(c) e`rd lk>snkj ds laca/k esa ikWfylh ewY; rFkk 'ks"k gsrq leiZ.k ewY;
(d) lHkh lk>snkjksa gsrq leiZ.k ewY;
33. At the time of death of a partner, firm gets ________
from the insurance company against the Joint Life
Policy taken jointly for all the partners.
(a) Policy Amount.
(b) Surrender Value.
(c) Policy Value for the dead partner and Surrender
Value for the rest.
(d) Surrender Value for all the partners.
34. la;qDr thou chek ikWfylh [kkrs dk 'ks"k fpV~Bs esa iznf'kZr djrk gS%
(a) ikWfylh dk leiZ.k ewY;
(b) thou chek ikWfylh dk okf"kZd izhfe;e
(c) QeZ }kjk fn;k x;k dqy izhfe;e
(d) ikWfylh dh fu;e frfFk ij feyus okyh jkf'k
The balance of Joint life policy account as shown-in

the balance sheet represents:
(a) Surrender value of a policy
(b) Annual premium of JLP
(c) Total Premium paid by the firm
(d) Amount receivable on the maturity of the policy
35. lk>snkjksa dh ts- ,y- ih- ,d---------[kkrk gS%
(a) vokLrfod [kkrk
(b) O;fDrxr [kkrk
(c) izfrfuf/kd O;fDrxr [kkrk
(d) lEifÙk
JLP of the partners is a/an_____________ account:

(a) Nominal
(b) Personal
(c) Representative Personal
(d) Asset
36. lk>snkj dh e`R;q dh n'kk esa e`r lk>snkj dh lEifÙk esa fgLls dh jkf'k dks
thfor lk>snkjksa }kjk-------vuqikr esa ogu fd;k tk;sxk\
(a) R;kx ds vuqikr esa
(b) ykHk ds vuqikr esa
(c) iqjkus ykHk gkfu vuqikr esa
(d) u;s ykHk gkfu vuqikr esa
In case of death of a partner, share of goodwill of
deceased partner, will be borne by the remaining
partners in:
(a) Sacrificing Ratio
(b) Gaining Ratio
(c) Old Profit Sharing Ratio
(d) Net Profit Sharing Ratio
37. R, J rFkk D lk>snkj gSa ftudk ykHk gkfu foHkktu vuqikr 7 : 5 : 4 gSA
30 twu 2011 dks D dh e`R;q gks xbZ rFkk ys[kkadu o"kZ 2010-2011 ds
fy, 24,000 :- FksA 1 vizSy 2011 ls 30 twu 2011 rd dh vof/k ds
fy, D ds [kkrs esa fdruk ykHk ØsfMV fd;k tk;sxk\
(a) 6,000 :- (b) 1500 :-
(c) 'kwU; (d) 2,000 :-
R, J arid D are partners sharing profits in the ratio
7 : 5 : 4. D died on 30th June 2020-11 and profits for
the accounting year 2010-11 were Rs. 24,000. How
much share in profits for the period 1st April 2011 to
30 June 2006 will be credited to D’s Account.
(a) Rs. 6,000 (b) Rs. 1,500
(c) Nil (d) Rs. 2,000
38. mfpr Bgjko dh vuqifLFkfr esa] e`r lk>snkj ds izfrfuf/k dks fuEu enksa esa e`r
lk>snkj dk Hkkx ikus dk vf/kdkj gksrk gSA
(a) ml frfFk rd dk ykHk] [;kfr] la;qDr chek ikWfylh] iwath ij C;kt]
iquewZY;kafdr lEifÙk;ksa rFkk nkf;Roksa esa HkkxA
(b) iwath] [;kfr] la;qDr chek ikWfylh] iwath ij C;kt] iquewZY;kafdr lEifÙk;ksa
rFkk nkf;Roksa esa HkkxA
(c) iwath] ml frfFk rd dk ykHk] [;kfr] iwath ij C;kt] iquewZY;kafdr lEifÙk;ksa
rFkk nkf;Roksa esa HkkxA
(d) iwath] ml frfFk rd ds ykHk] [;kfr] la;qDr chek ikWfylh] iquewZY;kafdr
lEifÙk;ksa rFkk nkf;Roksa esa HkkxA
38. In the absence of proper agreement, representative of
the deceased partner is entitled to the Death partner’s
share in
(a) Profit till date, goodwill, joint life policy, share in
revalued assets and liabilities.
(b) Capital, goodwill, joint life policy, Interest on capital,
share in revalued assets and liabilities
(c) Capital, profits till date, goodwill, interest on capital,
share in revalued assets and liabilities.
(d) Capital profits till date, goodwill, joint life policy,
share in revalued assets and liabilities.
39. oLkwyh A/c ,d gS
(a) ukeek= [kkrk
(b) fj;y [kkrk
(c) iLkZuy [kkrk
(d) mij¨ä esa Lks d¨bZ ugÈA
Realisation A/c is a
(a) Nominal A/c
(b) Real A/c
(c) Personal A/c
40. tc oLkwyh [kpZ ,d lk>snkj }kjk ogu fd;k tkuk gS, ;g djus ds fy, tek
fd;k tkrk gS%
(a) ikVZuj dk iwath [kkrk
(b) udn [kkrk
(c) oLkwyh [kkrk
(d) ykÒ v©j gkfu [kkrk
When the realisation expenses are to be borne by a
partner, it is credited to:
(a) Partner's capital A/c
(b) Cash A/c
(c) Realisation A/c
(d) Profit & Loss A/c.
41. ,d QeZ ds fo?kVu ds Lke;, ,d lk>snkj }kjk yh xbZ LkaifŸk güh pkfg,
(a) olwyh [kkrs dks ØsfMV fd;k tk;s
(b) oLkwyh [kkrs dks MsfcV fd;k tk;s
(c) oLkwyh [kkrk d¨ u r¨ MsfcV fd;k tkuk pkfg, v©j u gh tek fd;k tkuk
pkfg,
At the time of dissolution of a firm, assets taken over

by a partner should be
(a) Credited to Realisation A/c
(b) Debited to Realisation A/c
(c) Realisation A/c should neither be debited nor
credited.
42. oLkwyh ds Lke; xSjvifyf[kr dh xbZ ,d LkaifŸk d¨ ØsfMV fd;k tkrk gS
(b) oLkwyh [kkrk
(c) iquZewY;kadu [kkrk
(d) iwath [kkrsA
An unrecorded asset realised at the time of realisation

is credited to:
(a) Realisation A/c
(b) Re-valuation A/c
(c) Capital Accounts.
43. QeZ ds fo?kVu ij Òqxrku fd, tkus ij xSjvifyf[kr ns;rk d¨ MsfcV fd;k
tkrk gS
(a) oLkwyh [kkrk
(b) ns;rk [kkrk
(c) ikVZuj dk iwath [kkrk
Unrecorded liability when paid on dissolution of a firm

is debited to:
(a) Realisation A/c
(b) Liability A/c
(c) Partner's Capital A/c
44. olwyh [kkrs dh ykHk@gkfu dks Òkxhnkjä ds chp foÒkftr fd;k tkuk pkfg,
(a) ykÒ gkfu vuqikr esa
(b) Lkeku :i Lks
(c) iwath vuqikr esa
Profit or loss on realisation should be divided among

partners in the:
(a) Profit sharing ratio
(b) Equally
(c) Capital ratio
45. ,d QeZ ds fo?kVu ds Lke; ÁnÆ'kr güs okys LkafnX/k _.kä ds fy, Áko/kku dks
gLrkarfjr fd;k tkrk gS
(a) nsunkj [kkrs esa
(b) oLkwyh [kkrs esa
(c) jksdM+ [kkrs esa
Provision for doubtful debts appearing at the time of

dissolution of a firm transferred to:
(a) Debtors A/c
(b) Realisation A/c
(c) Cash A/c
46. fo?kVu ds Lke; ÁnÆ'kr güs okys LkkekU; lap; d¨ LFkkukarfjr dj fn;k tkrk
gS%
(a) cSad [kkrs esa
(c) iwath [kkrs esa
General reserve appearing at the time of dissolution is

transferred to:
(a) Bank A/c
(b) Realisation A/c
(c) Capital A/c's.
47. [;kfr [kkrs d¨ LFkkukarfjr djds fo?kVu ds Lke; can dj fn;k tkrk gS%
(a) oLkwyh [kkrs esa
(b) ns;rk [kkrs esa
(c) iwath [kkrs esa
Goodwill A/c is closed at the time of dissolution by

transferring to:
(a) Realisation A/c
(b) Liability A/c
(c) Capital A/c
48. ,d QeZ ds fo?kVu ds Lke; ÁnÆ'kr güs okys Lka;qä thou chek ikWfylh fjtoZ
d¨ LFkkukarfjr dj fn;k tkrk gS%
(a) iwath [kkrs esa
(c) mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ugha
Joint life policy reserve appearing at the time of

dissolution of a firm is transferred to:
(a) Capital A/c
(b) Realisation A/c
(c) Neither two
49. fo?kVu ds Lke;, QeZ dh LkÒh ifjLkaifÙk;ä d¨ oLkwyh [kkrs esa LFkkukarfjr dj
fn;k tkrk gS%
(a) cktkj ewY; ij
(b) iqLrd ewY; ij
(c) ykxr ewY; ij
At the time of dissolution, all the assets of the firm are

transferred to the realisation account at
(a) Market value
(b) Book value
(c) Cost value
50. fo?kVu ÁfØ;k esa igyk dne gS%
(a) fo?kVu dh rkjh[k d¨ ,d cSysaLk 'khV rS;kj djsa
(b) ysunkjä d¨ miyC/k udnh forfjr djsa
(c) buesa Lks d¨bZ ugÈA
The first step in the dissolution process is to:

(a) Prepare a balance sheet on the date of dissolution;
(b) Distribute the available cash to the creditors;
(c) None of these.
51. ;fn O;oLkk; d¨ lqnh?kZ laLFkku ds :i esa cspk tkrk gS, r¨ udn 'ks"k jkf'k Òh
LFkkukarfjr dj nh tkrh gS
(b) iquewZY;kadu [kkrs esa
If the business is sold as a going concern, cash

balance is also transferred to:
(a) Realisation account
(b) Revaluation account
52. QeZ ds fo?kVu ds Lke;, ;fn [;kfr cSysaLk 'khV esa fn[kkbZ nsrh gS, r¨ bLks
LFkkukarfjr dj fn;k tkrk gS
(b) iquewZY;kadu [kkrk esa
(c) ikVZuj dk iwath [kkrk esa
At the time of dissolution of the firm, if goodwill
appears in the Balance Sheet, it is transferred to
(a) Realisation accounts.
(b) Revaluation account.
(c) Partner's capital account.
Answer Key
1 C 2 A 3 B 4 B 5 D
6 D 7 A 8 B 9 A 10 A
11 A 12 C 13 A 14 C 15 D
16 C 17 D 18 A 19 A 20 C
21 B 22 A 23 B 24 A 25 D
26 D 27 C 28 C 29 D 30 C
31 C 32 D 33 A 34 A 35 D
36 B 37 B 38 D 39 A 40 A
41 A 42 A 43 A 44 A 45 B
46 C 47 A 48 B 49 B 50 A
51 A 52 A

Ys (Kkadu Vo/kkj - KK, Oa FL) Kar: (Accounting Concept and Principle)

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Ys (Kkadu Vo/kkj - KK, Oa FL) Kar: (Accounting Concept and Principle)

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ys[kkadu vo/kkj.

6. ys[kkadu lehdj.k ij vkfFkZd fpV~Bk vk/kkfjr gksrk gSA

 bl vo/kkj.kk ds dkj.k Hkfo"; dh laHkkfor gkfu;ksa dk ys[kk orZeku esa djrk

Due to this concept all anticipated future losses are

provided. But the future profits are not taken into

1. bl vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj ys[kk iqLrd@foÙkh; fooj.kksa dk fuekZ.k djrs le;

(A) ys[kkadu izfof"V ds lkFk Narration/O;k[;k@y?kq lkjka'k fn;k tkrk gSA

(i) iSlksa dks iw.kkZad esa cnyukA

1. bl vo/kkj.kk dh ;g ekU;rk gS fd O;olk; fcuk fdlh :dkoV ds Hkfo"; esa

1. bl vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj foÙkh; fooj.kksa dk fuekZ.k djrs le; viukbZ xbZ

1. bl vo/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj O;olk; ds vuUr thoudky dks le; ds fuf'pr

1. ;g miktZu vo/kkj.kk ij vk/kkfjr gksrh gSA

1. ;g vk; dks ekius dk fl)kar gSA

ys[kkadu uhfr;ksa dk vFkZ %

According to which concept the owner of an enterprise

Transactions between owner and business are recorded

Proprietor (owner) is- treated as creditor of business due

Capital brought in by the proprietor is an example of

Cash of Rs. 2,000 is withdrawn for personal expenses.

Double entry principle means:

Which of the following does not follow dual Aspect?

The Accounting Equation is based on:

Which financial statement represents the accounting

What is the effect on the Net Assets if cash Is received

Window dressing of Accounts means:

The concept of conservatism when applied to the balance

Market value of Investment is shown as a footnote to

Omission of paise and showing the round figures in

Fixed assets and current assets are categorized as per

Human resources can‟t be shown in Balance Sheet be

SYZ Ltd. follows the written down value method for

A change in accounting policy Is Justified

Economic life of an enterprise is spilt into the periodic

Profit and Loss account is prepared for a period of one

The determination of expenses for an accounting period

Advance received from customers is not taken as sale‟ is

The determination of expenses for an accounting period is

Under accrual concept, the effects of transactions and

Revenue from sale of products, Is generally, realized in the

Fundamental accounting assumptions are

Fundamental accounting assumptions are

Fundamental Accounting Assumptions are:

Which of these are is not a fundamental accounting

Which of the following statement is false?

 BRS ,d fooj.k gS, [kkrk ugha gSA

2. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k cuk;k tkrk gS&

4. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k cuk;k tkrk gS&

6. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k gS&

8. j¨dM+ cgh esa ØsfMV 'ks"k dk vk'k;--------------------- gS&

12. cSad fooj.k----------------------dh Áfr g¨rk gS&

14. ikLk cqd ds vuqLkkj MsfcV 'ks"k dk vFkZ gS&

24. cSad Lkek/kku fooj.k ds fuEu fof'k"V y{k.k g¨rs fLkok; :

30. ikLkcqd ds vuqLkkj cSad vf/kfod"kZ g¨rk gS tcfd&

51. j¨dM+ iqLrd ds vuqLkkj cSad vf/kfod"kZ 13500 #-

72. ryiV esa fn[kk;k x;k cSad 'ks"k&

Which of the following statements is true?

A promissory note does not require

The promissory note should be signed by:

Bills receivable endorsed are debited to

From the following information, find out who can

In case of sudden holiday, maturity date falls on:

When the bill are to be produced to notary public:

When a bill is renewed, then entry will be: