Name: Christian Kevin R.

Bala

Section: BSIT ELECTRICAL I-B

I. Definition of Terms: define the following technical terms 2pts each)

1. Filters

Filters – electronics circuit which perform signal processing function specifically to remove unwanted
frequency component from the signal to enhance wanted ones or both.

2. Analog filter

Analogue filters are a basic building block of signal processing much used in electronics. Amongst their
many applications are the separation of an audio signal before application to bass, mid-range, and
tweeter loudspeakers the combining and later separation of multiple telephone conversations onto a
single channel; the selection of a chosen radio station in a radio receiver and rejection of others.

3. Active filters

Type of analog circuit implementing an electronic filter using active component typically an amplifier.
Amplifier included in a filter design can be used to improve the cost performance and predictability of
a filter.

4. Passive filters

Passive filters are the filter circuits that are formed using only resistor, inductor and capacitor as their
major components. As no amplifying element is present in it thus passive filters offer low signal gain.
This leads to the reception of the comparatively low signal at the output of the filter circuit than the
applied input signal.

5. RMS

Rms Mean power or root mean square (RMS) power handling refers to how much continuous power
the speaker can handle. For example, a speaker with a 30w RMS rating but a peak rating of 60w
means the speaker can comfortably run with 30 watts of continuous power with occasional burts of
up to 60w.
 II. Enumeration
1. Filters categories (2)
 Active Filter
 Passive Filter

2. Types of filters (4)

 Low-Pass Filter
 High-Pass Filter
 Band-Pass Filter
 Band-Reject Filter

3. RMS important terms (4)

 Peak Voltage (VP)

 Peak to Peak Voltage (VP-P)
 RMS Voltage (Vms)
 Average (Vavg)

4. RMS equations (4)

 Vp x .707 = Vrms
 Vrms = 1. x Vavg
 1.414 x Vrms 11= Vp
 Vavg = .637 x Vp

III Discussion (26 pts.)

Explain RMS value

The RMS value is the effective value of a varying voltage or current. It is the equivalent steady DC
(constant) value which gives the same effect. For example, a lamp connected to a 6V RMS AC supply
will shine with the same brightness when connected to a steady 6V DC supply.

The RMS value is defined as the square root of the mean value of the squared function. This is often
used as the effective D.C. voltage (or current) of an A.C. voltage (or current). This value can then be
used in the calculation of the average power of an AC waveform.