Daniel PROJECT : PAGE :

CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
Tian Li JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Retaining / Fence Wall Design Based on ACI 530-02 & ACI 318-02
INPUT DATA & DESIGN SUMMARY
SPECIAL INSPECTION ( 0=NO, 1=YES ) 1 Yes
TYPE OF MASONRY ( 1=CMU, 2=BRICK ) 1 CMU
MASONRY STRENGTH fm' = 1.5 ksi
CONCRETE STRENGTH fc ' = 4.5 ksi
REBAR YIELD STRESS fy = 60 ksi
LATERAL SOIL PRESSURE Pa = 30 pcf (equivalent fluid pressure)
PASSIVE PRESSURE Pp = 400 psf / ft
BACKFILL SPECIFIC WEIGHT gb = 110 pcf
SURCHARGE WEIGHT ws = 100 psf
SERVICE LATERAL FORCE wLat = 20 psf
FRICTION COEFFICIENT m = 0.3
ALLOW SOIL PRESSURE Qa = 4 ksf
THICKNESS OF TOP STEM tt = 8 in
THICKNESS OF KEY & STEM tb = 12 in
TOE WIDTH LT = 3 ft
HEEL WIDTH LH = 6 ft
HEIGHT OF FENCE STEM HF = 4 ft
HEIGHT OF TOP STEM HT = 3.3 ft
HEIGHT OF BOT. STEM HB = 5.5 ft
FOOTING THICKNESS hf = 12 in
KEY DEPTH hk = 12 in [THE WALL DESIGN IS ADEQUATE.]
SOIL OVER TOE hp = 12 in
TOP STEM REINF. (As,1) # 6 @ 16 in o.c.
As,1 LOCATION (0=at soil face, 1=at middle, 2=at each face) 2 at each face
BOT. STEM REINF. (As,2) # 7 @ 8 in o.c.
As,2 LOCATION (0=at soil face, 1=at middle, 2=at each face) 2 at each face
TOP REINF.OF FOOTING (As,3) # 6 @ 20 in o.c., (Caution > 18" o.c. max. ACI 7.12.2.2)
BOT. REINF.OF FOOTING (As,4) # 5 @ 14 in

ANALYSIS
SERVICE LOADS
Hb = 0.5 Pa (HT + HB + hf)2 = 1.44 kips
Hs = ws Pa (HT + HB + hf) / gb = 0.27 kips
Hp = 0.5 Pp (hp + hf + hk)2 = 1.80 kips
HLat = wLat (HF + HT + HB - hp) = 0.24 kips
Ws = ws (LH + tb - tt) = 0.63 kips
Wb = [HT (LH + tb - tt) + HB LH] gb = 5.93 kips 3
Wf = hf (LH + tb + LT) gc = 1.50 kips
Wk = hk tb gc = 0.15 kips
Ww,t = tt (HT +HF) gm = 0.54 kips
Ww,b = tb HB gm = 0.61 kips

FACTORED LOADS
gHb = 1.6 Hb = 2.30 kips
gHs = 1.6 Hs = 0.43 kips
gHLat = 1.6 HLat = 0.38 kips
gWs = 1.6 Ws = 1.01 kips OVERTURNING MOMENT
gWb = 1.2 Wb = 7.11 kips H gH y Hy gH y
gWf = 1.2 Wf = 1.80 kips Hb 1.44 2.30 3.27 4.71 7.53
gWk = 1.2 Wk = 0.18 kips Hs 0.27 0.43 4.90 1.31 2.10
gWw,t = 1.2 Ww,t = 0.64 kips HLat 0.24 0.38 7.90 1.86 2.98
gWw,b = 1.2 Ww,b = 0.73 kips S 1.94 3.11 7.88 12.61
RESISTING MOMENT
W gW x Wx gW x
Ws 0.63 1.01 6.83 4.33 6.92
Wb 5.93 7.11 6.94 41.12 49.34 OVERTURNING FACTOR OF SAFETY
Wf 1.50 1.80 5.00 7.50 9.00
Wk 0.15 0.18 3.50 0.53 0.63 Wx 7.281 > 1.5
SF  
Hy
 Wx
SF  
Ww,t 0.54 0.64 3.33 1.78 2.14 Hy [Satisfactory]
Ww,b 0.61 0.73 3.50 2.12 2.54
S 9.35 11.48 57.37 70.58
CHECK SOIL BEARING CAPACITY (ACI 318-02 SEC.15.2.2)

= 10.00 ft L Wx  Hy = -0.29 ft

L  LT  t b  L H e 
2 W
  6e 
 W  1  L  L
   , for e 
= Qa
q MAX  BL 6 0.77 ksf < [Satisfactory]

 2W L
 , for e 
 3 B (0.5 L  e) 6
CHECK FLEXURE CAPACITY FOR MASONRY STEM (ACI 530 2.3.3)

3 2 At top stem At base of bottom stem

y y ws
M  Pa  Pa  M Lat = 0.86 ft-kips , 6.09 ft-kips
6 2 b

= 0.54 kips , 1.14 kips

P W w

1  kd   te   kd   t e kd 
M allowable  MIN  b wkd F b  d    P  d   , As F s  d   P  
 2  3   2   3   2 3 
At top stem At base of bottom stem
where te = 7.63 in , 11.63 in
d = 4.26 in , 8.19 in
bw = 12 in , 12 in
Fb = 0.495 ksi , 0.495 ksi
Fs = 24 ksi , 24 ksi
As = 0.33 in2 , 0.9 in2
r = 0.006 , 0.009
Em = 1350 ksi , 1350 ksi
Es = 29000 ksi , 29000 ksi
n = 21.48 21.48
k = 0.41 0.46
and Mallowable = 1.55 ft-kips , 6.25 ft-kips
> M > M
[Satisfactory] [Satisfactory]

CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY FOR MASONRY STEM (ACI 530 2.3.5)

At top srem At base of bottom stem
2
y w y
V  P a  s P a  V Lat = 0.40 kips , 1.64 kips
2 b

V allow able  d bwMIN  f

'
m , 50  = 1.98 kips , 3.81 kips

> V > V
[Satisfactory] [Satisfactory]

CHECK HEEL FLEXURE CAPACITY, AS,3, FOR FOOTING (ACI 318-02 SEC.15.4.2, 10.2, 10.3.5, 10.5.4, 7.12.2, 12.2, & 12.5)

0.85  1 f c  u
'
= 0.023 0.0018 h f = 0.001
 MAX   MIN 
f y u t 2 d
 L    q u ,3  2q u, heel  b L H
2
LH  L
 H   w s   wb  wf , for eu 
 2  L  6 6
M u ,3   2
= 8.52 ft-kips

 LH  LH    q u ,3b S , for L
 2   w s   wb  wf  eu 
  L  6 6

'
 M u ,3 
0.85 f c 1  1  
 0.383b d 2 f
'

  c  = 0.002

fy
where d = 9.63 in qu, toe = 1.11 ksf
eu = -0.05 ft qu, heel = 1.18 ksf
S = n/a qu, 3 = 0.82 ksf

( A S, 3 ) required = 0.20 in2 / ft < A S, 3 [Satisfactory]

CHECK TOE FLEXURE CAPACITY, AS,4, FOR FOOTING (ACI 318-02 SEC.15.4.2, 10.2, 10.3.5, 10.5.4, 7.12.2, 12.2, & 12.5)

0.85 1 f c  u
'
= 0.023 4 0.0018 h f  = 0.001
 MAX   MIN  MIN   ,
f y u t 3 2 d 


q u ,4
 2q u ,toe  b LT2

LT
2
 wf
= 3.86 ft-kips
M u ,4
6 2L
where d = 8.69 in
qu, 4 = 0.89 ksf

'
 M u ,4 
0.85 f c 1  1  
 0.383b d 2 f
'
=
  c  0.001

fy
( A S, 4 ) required = 0.13 in2 / ft < A S, 4 [Satisfactory]

CHECK KEY CAPACITY FOR FOOTING

1.5 (Hb + Hs + HLat) = 2.92 kips < Hp + m SW = 4.61 kips

[Satisfactory]

Techincal References:
1. "Masonry Designers' Guide, Third Edition" (MDG-3), The Masonry Society, 2001.
2. Alan Williams: "Structural Engineering Reference Manual", Professional Publications, Inc, 2001.
3. Alan Williams: "Structural Engineering License Review Problems and Solutions", Oxford University Press, 2003.