Adm Politics Module

MODULE IN
POLITICS
Philippine Politics and Governance
Tayabas City Division Stand Alone Senior High School.

Jezreel Iyyar D. Valdeavilla
2020
Philippine Politics Module. JezDoc ©2020/ 1

Senior High School_
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND

GOVERNANCE
Quarter 1 – Module 1
The Politics, Government, and
Governance

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: The Politics, Government, and Governance
First Edition, 2020
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Senior High School_
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND

GOVERNANCE
Quarter 1 – Module 1
The Politics, Government, and
Governance

INTRODUCTORY MESSAGE.
Welcome to the Philippine Politics and Governance Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on
Politics, Government, and Governance – Week 1.
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to depict skill,
action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish. Hence, the hand
in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully
achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success
lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and
independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents
of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
This part includes an activity that aims to check

What I Know what you already know about the lesson to take.
If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may
decide to skip this module.
This is a brief drill or review to help you link the

What’s In current lesson with the previous one.
In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to

What’s New you in various ways such as a story, a song, a
poem, a problem opener, an activity or a
situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the

What is It lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent practice

What’s More to solidify your understanding and skills of the
topic. You may check the answers to the exercises
using the Answer Key at the end of the module.
This includes questions or blank

What I Have Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
This section provides an activity which will help you

What I Can Do transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

Assessment mastery in achieving the learning competency.
In this portion, another activity will be given to you

Additional Activities to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson
learned. This also tends retention of learned
concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW
In this module, you will learn about the concept, relationship and importance of
politics, governance, and government. Here, your ideas about the word politics,
governance and government will be widen and new perspectives about it will form
in your mind. This is a first step and upon mastering this, you will surely have an edge
in navigating yourself in the next level of our study in this subject.
Particularly, you are going to study this lesson:

 Definition of and views on politics
 Definition of political science
 Government and governance
 Forms of government
After going through this first lesson, you are expected to:
 Explain the concept and importance of politics;
 Identify the different classification and views of politics; and
 Give examples about how you practice politics.
WHAT I KNOW
FANTASTIC POLITICS.
To welcome you in this module, let us first start in an activity to see if you have a
prior knowledge about our lesson. Below is a word ‘Politics’ which is inside a circle.
In the boxes that are around that circle, you must write down the words, terms, or
short details that you believe are connected or describe the word that is inside the
circle.
POLITICS
FIRST THINGS FIRST.

It is obvious that you are very aware about the existence of the term ‘politics’. It is because you
are always hearing this in news in TV and in social media sites. In this warm-up activity, write in the
space provided below your personal answer, thought and explanation when we ask – What is
politics?
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Lesson
1 Definition and views on Politics
If everyone could have everything they wanted whenever they wanted, there would be no such
thing as politics. Whatever the precise meaning of the complex activity known as politics might
be – and, as this module will illustrate, it has been understood in many different ways – it is a clear
that human experience never provides us with everything we want. Instead, we have to compete,
struggle, compromise, and sometimes fight for it.
WHAT IS IN
Because this is the first lesson that we shall have in this subject, let us start with an
activity. Try to identify the following personalities whose picture is shown below. Write
their name in the blank space below the pictures.
____________________ ____________________ ___________________
WHAT IS NEW
Before you start exploring this module, try to read the situation first and answer the
question after:
You and your best friend (or girlfriend/boyfriend) are in Lucban town proper where many
restaurant and food hubs are scattered in almost every streets. Both of you agreed that you both
want to eat, but you two cannot agree on where to eat. You want to eat in a particular restaurant
while your best friend (or girlfriend/boyfriend) wants to eat somewhere else.
The question now is, what will be your solution to resolve this conflict between you and your best
friend (or jowa) in the issue of where to eat, and why will you do that particular solution?
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WHAT IS IT
In this part of the module, you shall encounter different information about the lesson.
I hope you will not skip this and instead will read and deeply focus on its content.
Politics.
The activities individuals or parties do in
achieving power (known as the core of politics).
It is a struggle over who gets what, when and
how. It is also refers to a major social institution
by which society organizes decision-making and
distributes power and resources.
The term came from the Greek word ‘politika’

meaning ‘affairs of the city-state’, which in turns
came from the word ‘polis’ which mean ‘city-
state’. The Greek philosopher Aristotle created
the term and the classic definition of the term
after he observed how the people in different
city-states in ancient Greece do and manage
their things and organize their society.
Let us focus on the part WHO GETS WHAT, WHEN, AND HOW – the summary of politics.
Who? Maybe you, maybe some other person, or a group of people.

What? Maybe power, position, desire, or resources among others.
When? Maybe as soon as possible, today, tomorrow, next year, etc.
How? Maybe thru negotiation, compromising, talking, forcing, threatening, etc.
So as long as you are competing, compromising, negotiating, and fighting about something you
want to someone, then practically, you are doing politics. From negotiating to the tricycle driver
the price that you will pay to him for his service of transporting you to doing everything to make
the person you love believe that you indeed love him/her, these are politics in action.
Question:
Now that you read the simplified explanation of politics, try to answer this question:
What is the purpose or importance of politics?
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Classification of politics.
 Formal politics. It is the operation of a constitutional system of government. Many people
view it as something outside of themselves, but that can still affect their daily lives.
 Semi-formal politics. The politics being practice in private and non-government groups
and associations, like home associations and student governments.
 Informal politics. The forming of alliances, exercising power and protecting and advancing
a particular ideas or goals of a person or group. Done everywhere by anyone.
Note about Informal politics: Generally, this includes anything affecting one's daily life, such as the
way an office or household is managed, or how one person or group exercises influence over
another. Informal Politics is typically understood as everyday politics, hence the idea that "politics
is everywhere."

Views on Politics.
We have two groups in viewing politics: the Horizontal group and the Vertical group.
Horizontal Group:
 Left-wing politics. It support social equality and progress, with the idea of eliminating social
difference by means of cooperation and mutual relationship. Focus on ideas such as
freedom, equality, fraternity, rights, progress, reform and internationalism.
 Right-wing politics. View that certain social orders and hierarchies are inevitable, natural,
normal, or desirable. Focus on notions such as authority, hierarchy, order, duty, tradition,
reaction and nationalism. Conservative and value traditional idea of things.
_DID YOU KNOW_
The terms "left" and "right" appeared during the French Revolution of 1789 when
members of the National Assembly divided into supporters of the king to the
president's right and supporters of the revolution to his left.
Vertical Group:
 Authoritarianism. Individual rights are subjugated by group goals. Advocate for a strong
central power and limited individual freedoms.
 Libertarianism. Supports civil liberties, emphasizes on the supremacy of individual rights,
personal freedoms over and against any kind of authority.
WHAT IS MORE
Here, I prepared few activities that you will need to do and accomplish in order for
you to master what you have read and understand in the previous part.
POLITICROSS.
Complete the crossword puzzle below by writing the terms and words that are important in
defining and understanding Politics. The only guide and clue that you will have here are one or
two letters of the term or word and the number of letters that it possess. Enjoy!
2. 3.
4. G E 6.
1. C
P O L I T I C S
R 5. C T

WHAT’S THAT POKEMON!?
Identify the following situation whether it belongs to the following classification of politics:
FORMAL POLITICS, SEMI-FORMAL POLITICS, INFORMAL POLITICS. Choose your answer among the
three and write it in the space provided before the number.
1. Your father and mother are arguing whether they should

prioritize the renovation of the house or the purchase of new
appliances.
2. Hen and Han are discussing where they should go on their next
romantic date.
3. The Senate and the House of Representatives are discussing

what version of Anti-Terrorism Bill they should pass for the
approval of the president of the Philippines.
4. All the class presidents in the school assembled to discuss the

programs for the incoming celebration in school.
5. The President of the Philippines and the President of the United

States had agree to the details of the sale of military equipment
by the USA to the Philippines.
LAGAYE SA TAMA ARI.

We have two groups in viewing politics, and each group has two forms, and all of these form
makes the what we called political spectrum. In this activity, you are going to put the series of
terms below in the proper table that they should belong.
Horizontal Vertical
Conservative Tradition Individual rights Limited freedom
Equality Hierarchy Civil liberty Strong government
Progress Freedom
Horizontal Group Vertical Group
Left-Wing Right-Wing Authoritarian Liberal
Online test
To see where you are located in this horizontal-vertical political view, visit this website:
The Political Compass. https://www.politicalcompass.org/
Click the TAKE THE TEST box and start the test and then print screen your free personal certificate!
Save it in your phone and show it to me next week or send it in messenger.

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
In this part of the module, please fill-up the blank space below by writing what you
have learned in this lesson.
POLITICS IS DEFINED AS…
 _________________________________________________________________________
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POLITICS HAS THE FOLLOWING…
 _________________________________________________________________________
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WHAT I CAN DO
Now that you know the broader meaning of politics, how are you going to apply
the concept of politics in your daily living now that you know what is its meaning?
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ASSESSMENT
Read each question/statement carefully and choose the letter of the correct
answer. Write the letter of the correct answer in the space provided before the
number.
1. What is the view on politics of Mr President if he does not support same sex marriage
because he values traditional marriage?
A. Right-wing politics B. Left-wing politics
C. Authoritarianism D. Libertarianism
2. Which of the following views is NOT aligned to the concept of politics?
A. It is about making of general rules.
B. It is about conflict and cooperation.
C. It is about the meaning of human society.
D. It is about who gets the power and resources.
3. When did the term left and right politics started?
A. During the American Revolution. B. During the Philippine Revolution.
C. During the Russian Revolution. D. During the French Revolution.
4. Which of the following is the value of today’s politics in the modern world?
A. It helped us in preventing a new global armed conflict.
B. It prevented us from cooperating with one another.
C. It stopped us in making new alliance of nations.
D. It marginalized small countries in global politics.
5. What is the Greek word the means ‘affairs of the city-states’?
A. Polis B. Politika
C. Policia D. Politicos

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
To ensure and enrich the knowledge that you gain in our first lesson, do this final
activity. Write down the appropriate terms or explanation that starts in the letters
that compose POLITICS.
P - _______________________________
O - _______________________________
L - _______________________________
I - _______________________________
T - _______________________________
I - _______________________________
C - _______________________________
S - _______________________________

LAGAYE SA TAMA ARI
Left-Wing
Freedom
Equality
Progress
Right-Wing
Conservative
ASSESSMENT Tradition
Hierarchy
1. A
2. C Authoritarian
3. A Strong government
4. D Limited freedom
5. B
Liberal
Civil liberty
POLITICROSS Individual rights
WHAT’S THAT POKEMON!?
1. Power
1. Informal Politics 2. Polis WHAT IS IN
2. Informal Politics 3. Resources
3. Formal Politics 4. Greece 1. Joseph Estrada
4. Semi-Formal Politics 5. Conflict 2. Isko Moreno
5. Formal Politics 6. Compete 3. Sherwin Gatchalian
being able to accomplish the activities and quizzes. Maintain your honesty.
correct, try to check this part. Note, please don’t view this part if you are not yet
To see whether your answers in the activities and short quizzes in this module are
ANSWER KEY
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW
After going through this second lesson, you are expected to:
 Define political science;
 Appreciate the importance of political science;
 Identify the different subfields of political science; and
 Analyse the different political events.
WHAT I KNOW
ONE PLUS ONE.
As the lesson for this part of the module is about Political Science, below are two
boxes wherein you are going to write down a brief definition of POLITICS and
SCIENCE. Below the two boxes is a bigger box wherein you will construct your
definition of the term POLITICAL SCIENCE using the definition that you provided in
the two terms Politics and Science.
Definition of POLITICS. Definition of SCIENCE.

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Definition of POLITICAL SCIENCE.

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ASK LIKE A KID.

Political Science, like all forms of science, starts with questions. You can identify what branch of
science it is by just looking at the question being asked. Now, try to write down the possible
questions that Political Science ask and look for answers.
QUESTION 1: ________________________________________________________________
QUESTION 2: ________________________________________________________________
QUESTION 3: ________________________________________________________________
QUESTION 4: ________________________________________________________________
QUESTION 5: ________________________________________________________________

Lesson
2 Definition of Political Science
Why do countries implement different approaches in dealing with the same problem? Why do
political leaders do what they are doing and say what they are saying? What is the answer behind
these kind of questions? In science, we do not make guesses, and in Political Science, we do not
drop groundless and baseless opinion or answer to a particular question. If it is not for this branch
of Social Science, we may have a chaotic interpretation and explanation on what is happening
in our political environment.
WHAT IS IN
Before you continue in this second part of the module, answer first the questions
below in order for you to link the previous lesson with the new one.
1. What human activity refers to the act of achieving power?
2. What classification of politics is this: TCDSASHS’s supreme student

government?
3. What classification of politics is this: how a person influence another

regarding some current issues?
4. Value of politics: Government limiting peoples’ rights and freedom.
5. Left or right: Taiwan’s Supreme Court declared same-sex marriage

constitutional.
WHAT IS NEW
If you browsed your Facebook account these past few months, you will see many
of your friends or fellow ‘netizens’ posting their opinions, comments, and beliefs
about numerous issues and events that took place in our country. There is nothing
wrong with that, and I am even encouraging you to do the same, to participate in the democratic
sharing and expressing of one’s personal side. What’s bothering is that many of these netizens are
either have very limited or no knowledge about the issue or are misinformed. What’s worse is that
they will stand on their belief despite its wrongness and some will even use smart-shaming and
trash-talking against others, resulting in the further deterioration of a productive argument.
In relation to this, in a 2017 study, it was found out that the Philippines is the 3rd most ignorant
country on key issues but among the most confident in their answers and belief. This is a record
that we as a nation should not be proud of, yet this is very visual in ourselves and in our community
– many are not aware about what is happening, and has no idea on why and how it is happening
and what will be its impact. We just say and believe what we think is what should we say and
believe. We avoid or skip making research or readings about it.
Now, the question is: What will be the impact of a politically ignorant people in the political
environment and status of our country?
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WHAT IS IT
Political Science.
The study of state and politics, the systems of governance and how a society make, preserve and
change its rules. It also analyse the political activities, political thoughts, and political behaviour of
a group of people.
Political science do not just ask questions but also tries to answer it in a responsible and scholarly
way which is based on research, observation, data, and evidences. This answer provide insight
into how the world or groups operate, or on how it should operate.
In order to practice political science, here are three simple steps that you can apply in other areas
of your life. Political Science in three steps:
Step 1. Search and gather the needed information.

Step 2. Examine the information and determine which are needed and accurate.
Step 3. Make a conclusion based on the information that are gathered.
Subfields of political science
 Comparative Politics. It analyse the different political systems of governments across the
world in order to judge which system is best and to understand how and why different
societies form different kinds of political system and government.
 International Relations. It study the interconnectedness of politics, economics, and law on
a global level. It analyse the foreign policies and actions of different states in global issues
and how and why states and other non-states institutions interact with one another in the
manner they are doing it.
 Political Economy. It is the study of production and trade and their relations with law,
custom and government; and with the distribution of national income and wealth. It is
about the influence of politics to economy, vice versa.
 Public Administration. It study government decision making, management,
implementation of policies, and translation of politics into reality that citizens can see.
 Political Theory. It study the ideas of great political and philosophical thinkers and focuses
on human nature and the moral purposes of political association. It seeks to ultimately
deepen political thinking and to spur citizens to responsible and creative political action.
WATCH IHUBI
To further understand the lesson, open the link below and watch and listen to the short discussion
about Political Science.
Why Major in Political Science? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfwUott_xxk

WHAT IS MORE
FACT OR FICTION?
In this activity, try to identify whether the statement is true or false regarding political science. Write
POLITICAL if the statement is a fiction or false, and SCIENCE if it is a fact and true.
1. Political scientists gives baseless comments and interpretation to political

events.
2. Political Science also tries to answer questions regarding the meaning and
purpose of life.
3. Political scientists provide the frameworks from which journalists, special

interest groups, politicians, and the electorate analyse issues.
4. Political scientists analyse political actions in order to describe how things

are and to make and give policy recommendations.
5. Political scientists cannot serve as advisers to specific politicians or political

groups and institutions.
6. Political Science is interested in designing an effective government

building.
7. Political Science is the study of how a group of people organize themselves

in order to establish a peaceful and better society.
8. Political Science is a science because it deals with a living organism which

is human and not because it follows the scientific method in finding answers
to its questions.
9. Political scientists will study how nations of the world crafted a rule regarding
the use and ownership of the resources and territories on the Moon’s
surface.
10. Political Science is about how a country interprets and popularize its history.
TELL ME WHY.
Upon learning what political science do and study, you can now perceive that it is indeed
important. In this activity, you will need you think about the reasons why political science should
not be disregarded and must be studied. Therefore, write down in the black boxes the importance
of political science.
The Importance of
POLITICAL SCIENCE

HIEROGLYPHICS.
Identify the subfields of political science that the pictures represent or symbolize. Write the answer
below the pictures.
1. ________________ 2. ___________________ 3. ____________________
4. __________________ 5. ___________________
ANO ‘TO?
Identify what subfields of political science are the following situations. Draw the following symbols
that correspond to your chosen answer in the space provided before the number.
Comparative Politics International Relations
Political Economy Political Theory Public Administration
1. Aprilyn analysed Aristotle’s writings in order to gain classical ideas on the nature
of politics that she can use in understanding the current political environment.
2. Malacanang adopted the policy of decentralization so that the centres of

economic activities in the country can be spread out of Metro Manila to the
different regions.
3. Maria studied the reasons why the United Nations become successful in
bringing countries together in the spirit of cooperation while its predecessor, the
League of Nations, failed in doing the same task.
4. The government asked the help of experts in finding the best way to implement
its policy of universal healthcare for all of the country’s citizens.
5. Hanna identified all countries that adopted a federal type of government and
she gathered all important details about these countries in order for her to find
what kind of federal system of government will best suit the Philippine setting.
6. Studies have shown that the law that allows the unlimited importation of rice
by the Philippines had caused to the lowering of price of our farmers’ rice.
7. After looking at the data and observing the performance of the government
in the past three months, an expert has pointed out that the decision of the
government to implement a lockdown in the entire Luzon had helped the
country in slowing the spread of the COVID-19.
8. Bethel become interested in finding out the reasons why the Philippines and
Vietnam have different policies in dealing with the same issue which is the
aggressive claim of China to the entire South China Sea.

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
Now that you know the meaning and job of political science as a branch of human
knowledge that analyse, explain, and interpret the political policies, actions, and
decisions of the government and people, try to answer this question: can we live
as a political community without political science? Obviously, explain your answer.
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WHAT I CAN DO
Try to practice your inner political scientist by analysing the following political
situation below. Give your interpretation or opinion about the following in an
academic way, meaning, must be founded on proven facts, political ideas,
observations, and data.
Situation 1.
What do you think is the reason behind the rise and winning of Rodrigo Duterte to the presidency
despite being a mere-mayor of a city in southern Mindanao? How did he able to create a strong
mass support and defeated the more popular names and personalities like Manuel Roxas, Jejomar
Binay, and Miriam Defensor Santiago who are veteran national politicians?
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Situation 2.
In 2016, the Philippines won a historic case in the International Court that invalidating China’s claim
in the South China Sea. By winning the case, most countries sided with the Philippines, and
Indonesia even used the case that we won in defending their own territory against China’s
intrusion. However, the current administration do not use that in confronting China about the
disputed areas, instead, it tries to create a friendlier and stronger ties with the Asian Giant. How
are you going to analyse and explain this move by the government?
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ASSESSMENT
number.
1. What is the study of how society make and change its rules?
2. I want to analyse how government implement its policies. What subfield

of political science should I consult?
3. What subfield is this: Mary studied the policies of claimant countries in

the South China Sea?
4. What subfield is this: I analyse the system of government of North Korea

and South Korea, and I see the similarities and difference of the two?
5. What subfield is being practiced by Liberty who is studying the impact

of the government’s policies in the distribution of the country’s wealth
and income in its geography and population?
To ensure and enrich the knowledge that you gain in our first lesson, do this final
activity. Write down the best words or short sentence that will describe the following:
1. POLITICAL SCIENCE - ___________________________________
2. COMPARATIVE POLITICS - ___________________________________
3. INTERNATIONAL RELATION - ___________________________________
4. POLITICAL ECONOMY - ___________________________________
5. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION - ___________________________________
6. POLITICAL THEORY - ___________________________________

ASSESSMENT
1. Political Science
2. Public Administration
3. International Relations ANO TO?
4. Comparative
Government 1. Political Theory
5. Political Economy 2. Political Economy
3. International Relations
5. Comparative Politics
FACT OR FICTION 6. Political Economy
1. POLITICAL 8. Comparative Politics
2. POLITICAL
3. SCIENCE
HIEROGLYPHICS 4. SCIENCE
5. POLITICAL WHAT IS IN
1. Political Economy 6. POLITICAL
2. Public Administration 7. SCIENCE 6. Politics
3. International Relation 8. POLITICAL 7. Semi-formal politics
4. Political Philosophy 9. SCIENCE 8. Informal politics
5. Comparative Politics 10. POLITICAL 9. Authoritarian
10. Left-Wing politics
ANSWER KEY
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW
After going through this third lesson, you are expected to:
 Differentiate government and governance;
 Judge the performance of some local government units;
 Provide proposals on how to improve the government and its services.
WHAT I KNOW
Before you start exploring this lesson, try to answer first the questions below and see
for yourself whether you already have the knowledge about this lesson even before
you start with it. Write the letter of the correct answer in the space provided before
the number.
1. Which of the following is NOT included in the branches of government?

A. Judiciary Branch B. Legislative Branch
C. Military Branch D. Executive Branch
2. Why government powers are divided into three equal branches?

A. To stop the abuse of power.
B. To complicate the process of governing.
C. To weaken the country by dividing its powers.
D. To allow the government to enslave its own people.
3. What is the system of governing?

A. Governance B. Government
C. Election D. Military
4. What country has the smallest national government?

A. Russian Federation B. United States of America
C. Republic of South Sudan D. Vatican City-State
5. What is the process of governing?

A. Government B. Implementing
C. Governance D. Imposition
6. How should the government govern its people?

A. Good and rightful way. B. Use force against its people.
C. Abusive and corrupt. D. Let the people do what it wants.
7. Where is the seat of the national government of the Philippines?

A. Metro Manila B. City of Manila
C. Quezon City D. Luzon Island
8. What government department is the chief implementer of the country’s seal of

good local governance award?
A. Department of Interior and Local Government.
B. Department of National Defence.
C. Department of Foreign Affairs.
D. Department of Education.
9. What guides the government in governing and making policies?

A. God and religious people. B. Sovereign Filipino people.
C. Military and the police. D. Constitution of the Philippines
10. How governance should work?

A. Proper utilization of structures. B. Basing on people’s demand.
C. Insufficient and unguided. D. Slow and weak.

Lesson
3 Government and Governance
Have you ever wondered why in the past few years, many groups of people, and the president
himself, advocated for the change of our system of government in order to improve its service
and boost economic development? This is part of the wider discussion about the main question
on what should be change to improve the country, its system of governing or its process of
governing. In Either way, both are important because it affects our lives and how we do our things.
WHAT IS IN
Before you continue in this third part of the module, allow yourself to have a review
first by answering the questions below in order for you to link the previous lesson with
the new one.
1. What is the study of foreign policies that each countries adopts and implement in
maintaining and building relations with other countries?
A. International Relations B. Comparative Politics
C. Public Administration D. Political Theory
2. What is the study of how government translate its policies into actions that its
citizens can see and feel?
A. Political Economy B. Political Theory
C. Public Administration D. Comparative Politics
3. What is the branch of political science that deals with the finding reasons why
different societies established different forms of government?
A. International Relations B. Public Administration
C. Comparative Politics D. Political Theory
4. What is the study of how a society make, enforce, and change its laws?
A. Political Theory B. Political Science
C. Political Economy D. Political Party
5. Why political science a science?

A. Because it deals with human biology.
B. Because it has the word science in its name.
C. Because it follows a systematic steps of inquiry.
D. Because it based its studies in religious doctrines.
WHAT IS NEW
BRAIN TEASER.
In this part of the lesson, try to answer this simple question: If a country failed, what
should be blamed – the rules that govern the country or the structures that govern
the country? Of course, explain your answer.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

WHAT IS IT
Government.
The system or structure of governing that wield power over its people and territory. It is the
institution of the state that formulate and implement the policies and will of the people it govern,
guided by its constitution.
Government provides stability to society, as well as many crucial services such as free public
education, police and fire services, and mail delivery. It also regulates access to common goods,
such as public land, for the benefit of all. Government creates a structure whereby people can
make their needs and opinions known to public officials.
_DID YOU KNOW_
As of 2020, there are about 203 independent national governments that govern
the sovereign territories on Earth, from the largest, Russia, to the smallest, Vatican
City. The youngest national government is that of Republic of South Sudan,
established in July 2011.
World’s governments mostly structured to compose three branches:
Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judiciary Branch
Just for a thought:

The Philippine judiciary centre, the Supreme Court, is located in Ermita, Manila. On the legislative
side, the Philippine Senate is located in Pasay City while the House of Representatives is located
in Quezon City. Lastly, the Philippine executive centre, the Malacanang Palace, is located in San
Miguel, Manila – not to mention the different executive departments whose central offices are
scattered on the different cities in Metro Manila. For short, as you may have thinking already, the
three branches of our national government are like magjowa in a long distance relationship –
separated from one another, magkakalayo!
According to Architect Paulo Alcazaren, the separate locations of the three main branches of
our government is a physical visualisation of our country having a fractured (watak-watak/sira-
sirang) state (kalalagayan), fractured government, and a fractured country.
Now the question is this: What is the benefits of having the three branches of the national
government being located in one place in close proximity to one another, like in other countries
like the USA for example where the White House, its Capitol Building, and Supreme Court are just
a walking distance from one another?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

WATCH IHUBI
One of the ‘what if’ scenario in government is the probability of having a single global world
government that will govern all the 2013 sovereign countries, all the 7 billion people on the planet.
If you have the data or wifi signal, I am encouraging you to open the link below and watch the
video about this idea. If none, access this once you have, just don’t forget it.
Could a World Government Actually Work? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezAifffF64k
Now you know that the government is the structure on how a group of people or a country is
govern. But a structure is, that’s it, a structure. It will be useless unless it move, and a structure do
not move. So how can a government be functional, or what do we call the activity of using the
structure of the government to achieve its aim and purpose? Let’s talk about the next.
Governance.
It is the rules and process of governing and the decision making and utilization of the structure of
government in order to meet the responsibility on which the institution is created. It refers to the
manner of steering or governing, or of directing and controlling, a group of people or a state
Governance is a broader word than government in that other sectors are included in it. There are
three sectors of governance:
 Public sector (state actors and institutions);

 Private sector (households and companies); and
 Civil society (non-governmental organizations).
Good Governance.
The way of measuring how public institutions conduct public affairs that produce results that meet
the needs of the society and manage or use the public resources in a preferred and rightful way.
There are ways on how a particular institution can be classified as having a good governance.
Here are the eight indicators of a Good Governance:
 Participatory;
SEND THE LINK!
 Rule of law;
 Effective and efficient;
To find the meaning of each of the
 Transparent;
indicators, please visit this link:
 Responsive;
https://tamayaosbc.wordpress.com/
 Equitable and Inclusive;
2014/08/21/what-is-governance/
 Consensus Oriented; and
 Accountability
These indicators are inextricably related to each other. For instance, without active participation
among the various actors in governance, there would be a concomitant lack of responsiveness.
Likewise, if decision-making is not transparent, then inevitably there would be no participation,
accountability, and decisions are not consensus oriented. These indicators should, however, be
understood in the context of good “democratic” governance. Some of the indicators cannot be
applied in other forms of government. For example, good communist governance could never
be consensus oriented or genuinely participatory.
_DID YOU KNOW_
On April 12, 2019, President Rodrigo Duterte signed into law an act establishing
and institutionalizing the Seal of Good Local Governance that gives award,
incentive, honour and recognition for local government units that will show good
performance. The Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) shall be
the chief implementer of this law.

Take a note at this:
According to the comment of the World Bank in 2012 about the Philippine government, it said
that giving stronger emphasis on improving governance is a step in the right direction, noting that
this enhances the investment climate in the Philippines, increases the efficiency of public spending
and contributes to growth that benefits the poor and the most vulnerable.
The successful implementation of projects, plans, and programs of the government is a result of
an effective governance of the people in the government institution that implements it. Example,
the implementation of the 4P’s program will be considered successful if it will reach the right and
all the target beneficiaries within the given time period. That will be possible if the implementing
agencies, DSWD and the LGU in some degree, has the ability to properly utilize its structure and
resources – governance for short.
WHAT IS MORE
IBAHIN MO.
In this activity, you are going to write down in the table below what makes government and
governance different from one another.
Government Governance
TAMA O MALI?
As the title states, you are going to identify whether the statements are correct or not. Write TM if
the statement is correct and ML if it is wrong. Write your answer in the space provided before the
number.
1. There are many forms of government.
2. There are many ways of governance.
3. Government is about the process of governing.
4. Governance is the utilization of the structures of government.
5. Efficiency is the proper utilization of resources.
6. Accountability means that people are open to information in the decision-making

and implementation process.
7. Government is the one that make and implement the policies of the state.
8. Good performing government units are not being rewarded and recognize.
9. Accountability means answerability or responsibility for one’s action.
10. Good government is the way of measuring how public institutions conduct public
affairs

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
TODAY, I LEARNED THAT…
Government is the _______________________________________________________________.
Governance is the _______________________________________________________________.
WHAT I CAN DO
Here, you are going to judge some local government units based on the indicators
listed on good governance. Write check (/) whether the indicator is present or not.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT OF YOUR

TAYABAS CITY. BARANGAY.
Participatory Participatory
Rule of Law Rule of Law
Effective and Efficient Effective and Efficient
Transparent Transparent
Responsive Responsive
Equitable and
Equitable and Inclusive
Inclusive
Consensus Oriented Consensus Oriented
Accountability Accountability
Comment about the performance of Comment about the performance of
the local government unit. the local government unit.

ASSESSMENT
number.
1. What is being referred to as the system or group of people governing an

organized community?
A. Governance B. Government
C. Nation-State D. Executive
2. What is the process of producing results that will meet the needs of society while
making the best use of resources at their disposal?
A. Good governance B. Government service
C. Government power D. Proper governance
3. Which of the following is the branch of national government whose central

office is located in San Miguel, Manila?
A. Judiciary Branch B. Legislative Branch
C. Civil-Military Branch D. Executive Branch
4. How governance should work?

A. Proper utilization of structures. B. Basing on people’s demand.
C. Insufficient and unguided. D. Slow and weak.
5. Who signed the law that institutionalize the Seal of Good Local Governance?
A. President Benigno Aquino B. President Gloria Arroyo
C. President Rodrigo Duterte D. President Fidel Ramos
For the additional activity, write down your proposals on how the government
(please identify if you are referring to the national government or to your local
government unit) can better improve their performance and delivery of their
service to the people.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

ANSWER KEY
A 10. C 5. ML 10.
D 9. B 4. TM 9.
A 8. C 3. ML 8.
A 7. C 2. TM 7.
A 6. A 1. ML 6.
C 5. TM 5.
D 4. WHAT IS IN TM 4.
B 3. ML 3.
A 2. TM 2.
C 1. TM 1.
C 5.
WHAT I KNOW A 4. TAMA O MALI?
D 3.
A 2.
B 1.
ASSESSMENT

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW
After going through this fourth lesson, you are expected to:
 Identify the types of government systems;
 Appreciate the different types of government;
 Draw appropriate symbols that will symbolize the different forms of government; and
 Express your opinion about which type of government is best for the country.
WHAT I KNOW
In this lesson, you are going to encounter details about some of the many types of
government that mankind made in order to organize and govern themselves. In
this first activity, let us see if you have prior knowledge about this lesson. Try to
identify the pictures belong whether they are: DEMOCRACY, MONARCHY,
ARISTOCRACY, or THEOCRACY.
1. ____________________ 2. _______________________
3. _____________________ 4. _______________________
5. _____________________ 6. _______________________

Lesson
4 Forms of Government
It is easy to criticize ‘the government’ in broad and indirect terms, but it’s far more rewarding to
criticize the government using the proper terminology. As we become expose to the way other
countries are being governed, we are starting to see the differences that they have to ours. We
have a president, but they have king or queen, while others have despotic dictators.
WHAT IS IN
To ensure that you mastered the past lesson, try to answer this review test first before
you go to this new lesson. Write your answer in the space provided before the
numbers.
1. Which of the following is NOT included in the three sectors of governance?

A. Private sector B. Public sector
C. Civil society D. Military sector
2. Which of the following is NOT included in the indicators of a good governance?

A. Accountability B. Participatory
C. Complexity D. Transparency
3. What is the process of governing?

A. Government B. Governance
C. Governing D. Governor
4. The Malacanang Palace is the seat of power of what branch of the national
government of the Republic of the Philippines?
A. Executive Branch B. Legislative Branch
C. Judiciary Branch D. Colonial Branch
5. What is the system of governing?

A. Governing B. Governance
C. Government D. Governor
WHAT IS NEW
Let us start this lesson with a story and later with a video presentation that you can
visit in the link below. Note that watch the video only when you have an available
internet connection, data, or signal.
Imagine yourself as a sailor and you are navigating the vast Pacific Ocean. One day, you had
been blown away by a strong typhoon to an unfamiliar area of the ocean and you are shipwreck
into an unknown island. Curious enough and in order to find help, you explore the island and
discovered a native population with a disorganized community due to the lack of government.
Knowing that you will stay in this island for a long time, you have decided to help the natives in
governing themselves in order to organize their community and to make their life easy and happy.
Now, what form of government are you going to build for the native community and why will you
build that kind of government?
WATCH IHUBI
Watch this video about this similar scenario:
FLVS Civics: Forms of Government. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdh9xo47OWM

Back to the question, and now that you (may) have watched the video already, answer this
question: What form of government will you build for the natives? Give your reasons why you
choose that particular form of government.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
WHAT IS IT
Different forms of government can be classified into three: Ruled by ONE, ruled by
FEW, and ruled by MANY. Here, you are going to encounter some of the different
major forms of government that mankind had established for themselves.
AUTOCRACY (RULE OF A SINGLE PERSON)

There are three major forms of Autocracy:
Monarchy.
A government that is ruled by a person from a royal lineage and remain in throne for life or until
abdication. It is hereditary or in some, elected (Cambodia, Vatican City-State, Malaysia, Samoa,
and UAE) and self-proclaimed.

There are 45 countries today that are monarchy, 16 of it has Queen Elizabeth II of UK as their
reigning monarch and head of state. Some experts are saying that North Korea is de facto also a
monarchy, due to the fact that all its leaders since its foundation in 1945 came from the Kim family
and was chosen because they are related or part of the family of its founder, Kim Il-sung.
_DID YOU KNOW_
Andorra, the 6th smallest country in Europe, is the only

country whose monarchy is elected by the citizens of a
different country. It has two head of state, or monarch, the
Catholic Bishop of Urgell in Spain, and the President of France
which is elected every 5 years by the French people.
There are two types of Monarchy:
 Absolute monarchy. The monarch have supreme and unrestricted authority and power,
and also ruled as the head of state and government. This form of monarchy is rampant in
the ancient world and during the medieval period. Some countries that still has this form
of monarchy are Brunei, Saudi Arabia and the Vatican City – the only absolute monarchy
in Western Europe.
 Constitutional monarchy. The authority and power of the monarch over the government
is limited to non-existence. Most monarchies have this type of monarchy like Japan,
Thailand, United Kingdom, and Spain among others. Malaysia and Cambodia are
constitutional monarchies whose monarch are elected by a group of royal people.

Theocracy.
A government ruled by a person appointed by God or religion, or is ruled by a religious leader. Its
laws and policies are based on the holy religious scriptures and teachings. Modern countries who
are considered to have a theocratic government are the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Vatican
City-State, whose head, the Pope, is also the head of the Roman Catholic Church.
Dictatorship.
A government ruled by a person with no toleration for individual freedom, political pluralism,
independent programs or media. The key factor of a dictatorship is that the dictator is typically
cruel to a people group or does not meet the needs of their country. North Korea is the most
famous dictatorial country today, while many experienced dictatorships in the past, most notable
are Germany during Adolf Hitler, Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin, Vietnam under Ho Chi Minh,
and the Philippines under Ferdinand Marcos.
OLIGARCHY (RULE OF A FEW OR SMALL GROUP OF PEOPLE)

There are three forms of oligarchy that are included in this lesson and they are the following:
Aristocracy.
A government controlled by a small, highly privileged ruling class of the society, known as the best
members of the society. It is a system in which only a small part of the population represents the
government; certain men distinguished from the rest.
Plutocracy.
A government controlled by people of great wealth or income, ascendance of the wealthy to
positions of power, and using the power to serve their own purposes, thereby increasing poverty
and nurturing class conflict.
Stratocracy.
A government headed by military chiefs or only active or retired military personnel have the right
to elect or govern. Only those who serve and have served in the armed forces have the rights to
join and participate in the management and governance of the nation.
DEMOCRACY (RULE OF THE PEOPLE)

There is only one form of government that is being ruled by the majority or entire members of the
population of a particular territory.
Democracy.
A government where the power and authority is vested to the people as a whole and value
individual freedoms and rights.
There are two types of Democracy:
 Direct Democracy. All the people or the citizens participate in the decision making of the
government. This is possible in small population or village-level community participation.
This is the original version of democracy that the Ancient Greeks developed, because the
citizens at that time are only the men who has land and wealth. Today, the practice of
direct democracy happen during national referendum, plebiscite, initiative, and popular
elections.
 Indirect Democracy. Also known as Representative Democracy, here, the people choose
and elect a representative that will represent them in the decision making of the
government. Most democratic government today are representative democracies like
the United States of America and the Philippines.

In August 1896, Andres Bonifacio and the Katipunan
established the ‘Haring Bayang Katagalugan’, the first
revolutionary government of the Philippines, with Bonifacio as
its president, making him the first president of the country. To
Bonifacio, Hari means ‘rule/power’ and Bayan means
‘people,’ therefore, Haring Bayan means ‘People Rule/Power,’
or in western word, DEMOCRACY.

WHAT IS MORE
SCRAMBLE GOVERNMENT
Identify what is being referred by the question or statement by rearranging the scrambled letters
in order to find the answer.
1. A form of government where only the people who are serving or have served in the military
are the one authorize and has the right to participate in managing and running the
government.
T A R S O C T A C R Y
2. A form of government where only a religious person, a head of a religious institution, or a

person believed to be in close relationship with God or gods, are the one who has the rights
and power to control and rule over the government and the people.
R A C E C O T H Y
3. A form of government where only those who has great wealth has the opportunity to run and
rule the government and the people.
Y C A R C T P U O L
4. A form of government where everyone, regardless of socio-economic-political status, have

the rights and opportunity to participate in running the government.
C R E A M D Y C O
GOVERNMEANT
In this activity, you are going to draw inside the box an appropriate symbol that will symbolize the
different forms of government. Follow the following criteria in drawing your preferred symbols:
Symbols must be appropriate to the form of government 5 pts.

Symbols must be drawn in clear and clean manner 5 pts.
Absolute Monarchy Constitutional Monarchy

Theocracy Dictatorship
Plutocracy Stratocracy
Direct Democracy Representative Democracy

BOX OF LETTERS
Find the names and terms that are related to the different forms of government that had been
studied in this lesson. Put a colour in the names or terms that you have found in the box. There are
twenty names or terms that are hidden in plain sight inside the box below. Be guided by the
questions below the box.
A B U D E T U V W S A U D I A R A B I A C
L A V X X H J E Z R E E L I Y Y A R F H S
A H A X R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S X T
B A T X X O X F H A N N A N I E L A X H A
S D I R E C T D E M O C R A C Y X H H X L
A C C Z Z R Z Z Z Z L H L O X I D E I G I
U U A Z M A L A Y S I A C C A A I L T F N
T T N Z Z C X X X X G G F H Q W C P L D Z
O E C A F Y E G A M A I N S O E T O E Z Z
C E I L G H P O P E R G A T Z R A I R Z O
R E T R A Y S D R H C G S R X T T U Z P O
A A Y P R I L Y N A H A D A C Y O J Z L O
C X X P E O P L E Z Y N F T V U R K M U E
Y S A N T I A G O Z Z D U O B I S L A T N
Z R E F E R E N D U M O H C N O H M H O E
T E A M O R E S V V V R V R M P I N A C G
N O R T H K O R E A V R V A J E P H L R L
A B S O L U T E M O N A R C H Y X Y K A E
X A Z M Y B E Y B I A O I Y A S X D A C H
F G J O U R X V J W S U J X Q Z A A B Y N
Guide Questions:
1. A form of democracy where all of its citizens participates.
2. The only remaining absolute monarchy in Western Europe.
3. A form of autocracy where its ruler is a religious person.
4. Rule of the few or small group of people.
5. One of the largest absolute monarchy, the birthplace of Islam.
6. A form of monarchy where the king or queen has an absolute power.
7. A form of oligarchy where only the military can rule the government.
8. A form of oligarchy where only the wealthy has the power to rule the government.
9. The country that is under the dictatorship and de facto monarchy of the Kim family.
10. The people choose this group of people in an indirect democracy.
11. The only country whose monarch is being elected by the people of another country.
12. Rule of one person.
13. The dictator of the Soviet Union.
14. The dictator of the Nazi Germany.
15. A form of government ruled by one with no toleration for individual freedom.
16. A country in Southeast Asia whose monarch is being elected by a group of royal people.
17. One way to practice direct democracy in today’s democratic world.
18. The source of power and authority in Theocratic government.
19. The head of the Vatican City and of the Roman Catholic Church.
20. The source of power in democracy.
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

WHAT I CAN DO
There are many more forms of government, but we only choose the historical and
major forms of it. In this case, now that you are aware about the nature of these
different forms of government that we studied, try to answer this question: What
type of government (other than democracy) do you want or do you think is best
for our country to have? Explain your answer of course, given na ‘yon.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
ASSESSMENT
number.
1. All members of the group voted on the issue about what colour are they going to
wear in their field trip in Manila this vacation. What type of democracy had been
practiced by the group?
A. Indirect Democracy B. Representative Democracy
C. Group Democracy D. Direct Democracy
2. Which among the four countries in Southeast Asia has a form of government which
is constitutional monarchy?
A. Thailand B. Singapore
C. Indonesia D. Myanmar
3. What type of monarchy is being referred if the King has the power to order the
execution of a person he believed disrespected him?
A. Constitutional Monarchy B. Omnipresent Monarchy
C. Absolute Monarchy D. Omnipotent Monarchy
4. Which of the following is a form of government that is NOT ruled by few people?
A. Stratocracy B. Theocracy
C. Plutocracy D. Aristocracy
5. Which of the following countries DO NOT practice absolute monarchy?

A. Saudi Arabia B. Brunei Darussalam
C. Malaysia D. Vatican City
6. Abe wants a government that is being run by the best group of people in their
society. What type of government does he wanted?
A. Absolute Monarchy B. Democracy
C. Stratocracy D. Aristocracy
7. What is the smallest country on Earth who occupies the centre of the capital city
of another country and is being govern by an elected Theocrat?
A. Andorra B. Vatican City
C. Monaco D. San Marino

Match the column A with the correct information that are located in column B. Draw
a line that will connect one another.
Column A. Column B.
1. DEMOCRACY A. Rule by few
2. STRATOCRACY B. Rule by many
3. THEOCRACY C. Rule by one
4. OLIGARCHY D. Rule by the best
5. ARISTOCRACY E. Rule by God
6. PLUTOCRACY F. Rule by the wealthy
7. AUTOCRACY H. Rule by the army
ANSWER KEY
Democracy 6. C 5. Democracy 4.
Monarchy 5. A 4. Plutocracy 3.
Theocracy 4. B 3. Theocracy 2.
Monarchy 3. C 2. Stratocracy 1.
Democracy 2. D 1.
Aristocracy 1. SCRAMBLE GOVERNMENT
WHAT IS IN
WHAT I KNOW
C 7.
People 20. F 6.
B 7.
Pope 19. D 5.
D 6.
God 18. A 4.
C 5.
Referendum 17. E 3.
B 4.
Malaysia 16. H 2.
C 3.
Dictatorship 15. B 1.
A 2.
Hitler 14.
D 1.
Stalin 13. ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY
Autocracy 12.
ASSESSMENT
Andorra 11.
Representatives 10.
North Korea 9.
Plutocracy 8.
Stratocracy 7.
Absolute Monarchy 6.
Saudi Arabia 5.
Oligarchy 4.
Theocracy 3.
Vatican City 2.
Direct Democracy 1.
BOX OF LETTERS

CONTACT YOUR TEACHER.
Hi, I am SIR JEZREEL IYYAR DOCTOR VALDEAVILLA, also known as either SIR DOC, or SIR HENERAL.
Obviously, I will be your subject teacher on PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE, which is one
of the major subject of your course, Humanities and Social Sciences. Due to this fact, I am hopeful
that you will give considerable time and effort in studying, understanding, and completing this
module. I am also hopeful that you will visit all the links that I put here in order to further give you
the opportunity to master and better understand the lessons.
If you have questions and concern regarding the lessons that are included in this module, do not
be ashamed to contact me in this following ways:
Cellular phone number: 09385575711

Facebook accounts:
 Jez Doc. https://www.facebook.com/jezreeliyyar.valdeavilla
 Jez Valdeavilla. https://www.facebook.com/doc.jez
*Visit my latter Facebook account to learn some facts about history, politics, and everything else.
NOTE:
You may tell me where you live so that I can visit you in your house to personally check your
module and to teach you the lessons, or a part of it, that you may have a hard time understanding.
Also, if you really have no means of acquiring internet data or signal, inform me so that I can
personally help you by delivering to you the videos that are linked in this module so that you can
watch it.
REFERENCES
20 Common forms of government. https://thebestschools.org/magazine/common-forms-of-

government-study-starters/
Government. https://courses.lumenlearning.com/openstax-
americangovernment/chapter/what-is-government/
Governance. https://tamayaosbc.wordpress.com/2014/08/21/what-is-governance/
Political Science. https://www.polisci.washington.edu/what-political-science
Political Science. https://www.ru.nl/politicalscience/profile/what-political-0/
The Politics Book. Personal property of Jezreel Iyyar Valdeavilla.

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Development Team of the Module

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Region VI-A

Office Address: ____________________________________________

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PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND

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This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

This part includes an activity that aims to check

This is a brief drill or review to help you link the

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to

This section provides a brief discussion of the

This comprises activities for independent practice

This includes questions or blank

This section provides an activity which will help you

This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

In this portion, another activity will be given to you

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.

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Particularly, you are going to study this lesson:

FIRST THINGS FIRST.

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1 Definition and views on Politics

____________________ ____________________ ___________________

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The term came from the Greek word ‘politika’

Who? Maybe you, maybe some other person, or a group of people.

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_DID YOU KNOW_

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1. Your father and mother are arguing whether they should

3. The Senate and the House of Representatives are discussing

4. All the class presidents in the school assembled to discuss the

5. The President of the Philippines and the President of the United

LAGAYE SA TAMA ARI.

Horizontal Group Vertical Group

Left-Wing Right-Wing Authoritarian Liberal

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POLITICS IS DEFINED AS…

POLITICS HAS THE FOLLOWING…

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Definition of POLITICS. Definition of SCIENCE.

Definition of POLITICAL SCIENCE.

ASK LIKE A KID.

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2 Definition of Political Science

1. What human activity refers to the act of achieving power?

2. What classification of politics is this: TCDSASHS’s supreme student

3. What classification of politics is this: how a person influence another

4. Value of politics: Government limiting peoples’ rights and freedom.

5. Left or right: Taiwan’s Supreme Court declared same-sex marriage

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Step 1. Search and gather the needed information.

Subfields of political science

Why Major in Political Science? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfwUott_xxk

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1. ______ 2. _ 3. ____________