HYDRAULICS

AN INTRODUCTION
 HYDRAULICS

• DERIVATION:
• Greek word Hudour (water)

• DEFINITION:
• science that deals with the mechanical behavior of water at rest or in
motion

• SCIENCE OF WATER:
• encompasses Fluid Mechanics, Hydraulics & Hydrology
 SUBJECT DESCRIPTION/ DISTINCTION

HYDRAULICS Fluid Mechanics study of fluids under all conditions of rest & motion

employs basic principles of science (physics)

Distinction among fluid mathematical rather than empirical

mechanics, hydraulics Hydraulics deals primarily with water

and hydrology employs empirical approach and finds solution of
practical value; applied fluid mechanics
Hydrology study of space, time, and frequency characteristics of
the quantity and quality of waters of the earth

encompasses the water’s occurrence, movement,

distribution, circulation, storage, exploration &
development
HYDRAULICS INPUT HYDRAULIC
SYSTEM
OUTPUT PROBLEM

Unknown Known Known Detection/

Classification of Instrumentation
hydraulic problem Known Known Unknown Prediction
Known Known Unknown Forecasting
Known Unknown Known Identification
Known Unknown Unknown Simulation/
Modeling
TOPICS
• Fundamentals of Liquid
– discharge or rate of flow, continuity, Bernoulli’s & energy equations
TOPICS
• Hoop Tension (circular pipes and tanks)
TOPICS
• Analysis of Dams
TOPICS
• Buoyancy and Stability of Floating Bodies
TOPICS
• Hydrodynamics
TOPICS
• Flow Through an Orifice
TOPICS
• Weirs
TOPICS
• Water Flow Through Closed Conduits
TOPICS
• Open-Channel Flow
PROPERTIES
OF FLUID
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